Combined structure body suitable for drainage and seepage of valley-type tailing pond

Abstract

The utility model discloses a combined structural body suitable for drainage and seepage of a valley-type tailing pond. A drainage and seepage system is formed by combining a drainage and seepage prism, a horizontal drainage and seepage structure and a vertical drainage and seepage structure (13), the drainage and seepage prism (4) is formed by combining a cement blanket (5), a rockfill body (9), geotechnical cloth (8), a broken stone hardcore (11), a coarse tailing protection layer, geotechnical cloth (8), a coarse tailing protection layer and a dry rubble protection layer (12) on the outermost layer, the horizontal drainage and seepage structure is formed by connecting water collecting pipes (7) and drainage pipes (6), the water collecting pipes (7) are laid in rows along the current dry beach face, and the drainage pipes (6) are laid in rows along the current dry beach face. The drainage pipe (6) is lapped with the water collecting pipe (7); and the vertical drainage structure (13) is arranged on the later-stage drainage dry beach face and penetrates through a tailing sand layer to be connected with the water collecting pipe (7). The drainage structure has the advantages of being convenient to construct, economical, effective, high in applicability and good in drainage effect, and effectively solves the problem that catchment of the valley type tailing pond is difficult to drain in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tailings pond safety, and in particular relates to a valley-type tailings pond seepage drainage structure. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of the grinding technology of the concentrator, the tailings discharged from the tailings pond are getting finer and finer, and most of the tailings ponds in my country are built by upstream damming. Valley-type tailings ponds are typical of this type of tailings pond, which easily leads to the problem that the infiltration line of the tailings pond is higher and exceeds the control requirements. In order to ensure the safe operation of the tailings pond, drainage and consolidation of the tailings pond can be accelerated by adding drainage facilities, thereby improving the stability of the tailings pond. Especially for fine-grained tailings ponds with a large amount of mud, the effectiveness of drainage facilities is the key to reducing the depth of the dam body infiltration line and improving the stability of the dam body.

[0003] There are many types of drainage facilities, and their applicability, construction difficulty, cost and drainage effect are also different. Drainage facilities should be selected according to the characteristics of tailings pond discharge and actual conditions. For most tailings pond drainage facilities, pre-embedding should be used as much as possible to accelerate the consolidation of tailings, improve the stability of the dam, and reduce the difficulty of construction. However, in actual projects, it is not possible to pre-embed in time, and excavation of the dam body and beach is required, resulting in a large amount of engineering work, and subsequent landfill and repeated construction lead to uneconomical engineering costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a combined structure suitable for valley-type tailings pond drainage, which is convenient to construct, economical and effective, highly applicable and has good drainage effect, in order to address the technical difficulties that the existing drainage facilities of valley-type tailings ponds are difficult to pre-buried in time, have a large amount of engineering work and high costs.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme for a combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds:

[0006] The utility model is a combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds, which is composed of drainage prisms, horizontal drainage structures, and vertical drainage structures. The drainage prisms are arranged on both sides of the dry beach of the tailings pond near the ridgeline, and are composed of cement blankets, rock piles, geotextiles, crushed stone cushions, coarse tailings protective layers, geotextiles, coarse tailings protective layers, and the outermost dry block stone protective layer arranged in sequence from one side close to the mountain to the outside; the coarse tailings protective layer is paved with coarse tailings, and the coarse tailings are filled in the gaps of the rock piles; the horizontal drainage structure is composed of a water collecting pipe and a drainage pipe, and the outer surface of the water collecting pipe is opened with a filter hole, and the geotextile is wrapped after the hole is opened, and is wrapped with iron wire; the water collecting pipes are laid in rows along the existing dry beach, and the drainage pipes are pre-buried in the drainage prisms, and the drainage pipes are overlapped with the water collecting pipes; the vertical drainage structure is arranged on the dry beach of the tailings pond to be discharged later, and penetrates the tailings layer to connect with the water collecting pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the drainage prisms are arranged on both sides of the dry beach of the tailings pond where the height of the accumulation dam is 1 / 2 to 3 / 4 of the final dam height, and the length of the drainage prisms is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the length of the dry beach of the tailings pond.

[0008] Furthermore, the thickness of the cement blanket is not less than 10 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the specification of the drainage pipe is 150-250 mm, the specification of the water collecting pipe is 100-200 mm, and the geotextile is 300-500 g / m 2 Double-layer reinforced geotextile.

[0010] Furthermore, the drainage pipe has a slope of 0.9% to 1.2% toward the front of the dam, and the water collecting pipe has a slope of 2.7% to 3.5% upward toward the reservoir. The length of the water collecting pipe should be greater than 1 / 3 of the dam width, and the arrangement spacing is 4 to 8m.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the inner slope ratio of the drainage prism is based on the ridge line, the outer slope ratio is not less than 1:1.0, and the top width is not less than 1.0m.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vertical drainage structure adopts bagged sand wells or drainage plugs, with a plane layout spacing of 4 to 10 meters and a length that should reach the depth for connection with the water collection pipe.

[0013] During the actual construction process, the two sides of the dry beach of the tailings pond are first cleared to remove the weeds, trees, gravel and debris on the beach; after the two sides of the dry beach are rolled by an excavator, cement blankets are laid, and then water is sprinkled to harden the cement blankets. After the cement blankets are hardened and formed, the next step of construction is carried out. In addition, the drainage pipe is wrapped with a rockfill body, the gaps are filled with coarse tailings, and then covered with geotextile, and then a 180-230mm thick crushed stone cushion layer, a 180-230mm thick coarse tailings protective layer, geotextile, a 180-230mm thick coarse tailings protective layer, and a 360-450mm thick dry block stone protective layer are laid; the particle size specification of the stones in the rockfill body is 50mm-200m, the average particle size of the coarse tailings filled in the coarse tailings protective layer and the gaps in the middle rockfill body is above 0.1mm, the particle size specification of the crushed stone cushion layer is 5-20mm, and the particle size specification of the blocks in the dry block stone protective layer is 100-300mm.

[0014] The utility model adopts the above technical scheme to form a combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds, which has the following positive effects:

[0015] (1) The utility model makes full use of the terrain advantages of the valley-type tailings pond and combines it with drainage technology. The tailings water in the valley-type tailings pond can be discharged and used immediately according to the situation of the tailings water in the pond, thus ensuring the safe operation of the tailings pond.

[0016] (2) The utility model utilizes the dry beach surface of the tailings pond to arrange the drainage prism, avoiding the excavation of the mountain, with a small amount of engineering and convenient construction. It can be implemented according to the dry beach surface conditions of the tailings pond, has strong operability and practicality, does not occupy land, does not consume resources, and has a low engineering cost.

[0017] (3) The utility model combines drainage prisms with horizontal and vertical drainage structures, which is timely and convenient. The number of vertical drainage structures can be arranged according to the increase in the tailings pond capacity and the water stagnation in the tailings pond, so that the tailings water in the pond can be discharged in a timely and effective manner.

[0018] (4) The drainage prism designed in the utility model has a simple construction process and convenient material acquisition. The reverse filtration structure can also reduce the damage of tailings leachate to the vegetation on both sides of the reservoir. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A cross-sectional position diagram of the seepage prism designed for the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds according to the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 The utility model discloses a cross-sectional view of a water collecting pipe used in a combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds.

[0022] The markings in the figure are: 1-initial dam; 2-accumulation dam; 3-mountain; 4-drainage prism; 5-cement blanket; 6-drainage pipe; 7-collection pipe; 8-geotextile; 9-rockfill; 10-coarse tailings; 11-gravel cushion layer; 12-dry block stone protective layer; 13-vertical drainage structure; 14-water filter hole; 15-iron wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to better describe the present invention, a combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds according to the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Depend on Figure 1 As shown in the cross-sectional position diagram of the drainage prism designed by the utility model, the valley-type tailings pond is composed of valley terrain, initial dam 1, and accumulation dam 2. The initial dam 1 is set at the downstream of the valley, and the accumulation dam 2 is set at the upstream of the initial dam 1 and gradually increases with the discharge of tailings. The position of the drainage prism 4 is selected according to the regional conditions of the valley-type tailings pond (site size, height of the accumulation dam 2, dry beach length, hydrogeological conditions, surrounding conditions, etc.).

[0025] Depend on Figure 2 The utility model is a cross-sectional structure diagram of a combined structure suitable for valley-type tailings pond drainage. Figure 1 , Figure 3 It can be seen that, assuming that the final elevation of the tailings dam is H, the current dam height is 2 / 3H, the dry beach length of the tailings pond is L, and the current dam width is D, in this embodiment, the utility model is a combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds using the following technical solutions:

[0026] S1: Cleaning the foundation and hardening the beach surface

[0027] Step 1: Under the current dam height of the tailings pond, clear the base on both sides of the dry beach of the tailings pond. The clearing length is 1 / 2L, that is, the length of the drainage prism 4, and clear the weeds, trees, gravel, slag and other debris on the beach;

[0028] Step 2: Use a small excavator to roll both sides of the dry beach surface, and then lay cement blanket 5. The laying area is calculated according to the slope ratio of the ridge line, and then water is sprinkled to harden the cement blanket 5; the specification of the mud blanket 5 is 1000mm×600mm, and the thickness is 20mm.

[0029] S2: Pre-buried pipeline

[0030] Step 1: Pre-treat the water collecting pipe 7. The water collecting pipe 7 uses DN175 HDPE pipe with a length of 1 / 2D and is spliced. The outer surface of the water collecting pipe 7 is opened with water filter holes 14, with a specification of Φ20mm and a distance of 150mm between holes. After opening the holes, it is wrapped with 400g / m 2A double-layer high-strength reinforced geotextile 8 is wrapped with iron wire 15;

[0031] Step 2: The drainage pipe 6 is pre-buried in the drainage prism 4. The drainage pipe 6 is made of DN200HDPE pipe with a length of 1 / 2L. The drainage pipe 6 is overlapped with the water collecting pipe 7 by splicing. The drainage pipe 6 has a slope of 1% toward the front of the dam, and the water collecting pipe 7 has a slope of 3% upward toward the reservoir. The spacing between the water collecting pipes 7 is 5m.

[0032] S3: Construction and layout of drainage prism 4

[0033] The inner slope ratio of the drainage prism 4 is based on the ridgeline slope ratio, the outer slope ratio is 1:1.75, and the top width is 1.5m. The drainage pipe 6 is first wrapped with a rockfill body 9, the gaps are filled with coarse tailings 10, and then covered with geotextile 8. The rockfill body 9 is a block of stone with a particle size of 100-150mm, and the particle size specification of the coarse tailings 10 is d 50 =0.3~0.5; then lay a 200mm thick crushed stone cushion layer 11, a 200mm thick coarse tailings protective layer, a geotextile 8, a 200mm thick coarse tailings protective layer, and a 400mm thick dry block stone protective layer 12; wherein the crushed stone cushion layer 11 is melon seed pieces with a particle size of 5~10mm, and the dry block stone protective layer 12 has a particle size between 100~200mm.

[0034] S4: Construction and layout of vertical drainage structure 13

[0035] When the tailings are discharged to the final designed dam height H, the vertical drainage structure 14 can be laid out according to the drainage situation after the dry beach surface is stable. The vertical drainage plugs are laid out according to the current situation using a plug machine. The plugs are made of UPVC, with specifications of 100mm×4.5mm, and the arrangement spacing is 5m×5m. The depth needs to be driven into the tailings layer and connected to the water collection pipe 7.

[0036] The utility model is a combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds. It has been successfully applied in a tailings pond. The tail of the tailings pond is located at a dumb mouth. In order to prevent the tailings from being discharged later and breaking the embankment from the pass, the utility model is used. The combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds is adopted, which not only ensures the safety of the operation of the later tailings discharge, but also greatly reduces the tailings water in the tailings pond. The test results show that compared with the traditional drainage structure using the pre-buried method, the combined drainage system constructed by the utility model method reduces the construction cost by more than 30%, and the drainage effect is significant, which effectively solves the problem that the water in the valley-type tailings pond is difficult to be discharged in time.

Claims

1. A combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds, characterized in that: The invention is composed of a drainage prism (4), a horizontal drainage structure, and a vertical drainage structure (13). The drainage prism (4) is arranged on both sides of the dry beach of the tailings pond near the ridge line, and is sequentially provided with a cement blanket (5), a rockfill body (9), a geotextile (8), a crushed stone cushion layer (11), a coarse tailings protective layer, a coarse tailings protective layer and an outermost dry block stone protective layer (12) from the side close to the mountain (3) to the outside. The coarse tailings protective layer is formed by paving coarse tailings (10). The gaps in the rockfill body (9) are filled with a cement blanket (5). The water collecting pipe (7) is filled with coarse tailings (10); the horizontal drainage structure is composed of a water collecting pipe (7) and a drainage pipe (6); a water filter hole (14) is opened on the outer surface of the water collecting pipe (7), and the water collecting pipe (7) is covered with a geotextile (8) after the hole is opened, and wrapped with iron wire (15); the water collecting pipe (7) is laid in rows along the existing dry beach surface, the drainage pipe (6) is pre-buried in the drainage prism (4), and the drainage pipe (6) and the water collecting pipe (7) are overlapped; the vertical drainage structure (13) is arranged on the dry beach surface of the tailings pond to be discharged later, and penetrates the tailings layer to connect with the water collecting pipe (7).

2. A combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage prism (4) is arranged on both sides of the dry beach of the tailings pond where the height of the accumulation dam (2) is 1 / 2 to 3 / 4 of the final dam height, and the length of the drainage prism (4) is 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the length of the dry beach of the tailings pond.

3. A combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the cement blanket (5) is not less than 10 mm.

4. A combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The specification of the drainage pipe (6) is 150-250 mm in diameter, the specification of the water collecting pipe (7) is 100-200 mm in diameter, and the geotextile (8) is 300-500 g / m 2 Double-layer reinforced geotextile.

5. A combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (6) has a slope of 0.9% to 1.2% toward the front of the dam, and the water collecting pipe (7) has a slope of 2.7% to 3.5% upward toward the reservoir. The length of the water collecting pipe (7) is greater than 1 / 3 of the dam width, and the arrangement spacing is 4 to 8 meters.

6. A combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The inner slope ratio of the drainage prism (4) is based on the ridge line, the outer slope ratio is not less than 1:1.0, and the top width is not less than 1.0m.

7. A combined structure suitable for drainage of valley-type tailings ponds as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The vertical drainage structure (13) adopts bagged sand wells or drainage plugs, and is arranged at a plane spacing of 4 to 10 meters. The length should reach the depth for connection with the water collection pipe (7).

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