Method for evaluating overall service state of shield machine cutterhead and cutterhead cutter

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of dynamic compensation shield machine cutter and cutter overall service state evaluation method.Cutter includes cutter body, telescopic tool holder, propelling device and locking device, telescopic tool holder is slidably connected on cutter body, and multiple columns of preceding tool groups are provided on telescopic tool holder, propelling device is connected with telescopic tool holder, and propelling device works to drive multiple examples preceding tool group to move, to adjust the length of extension of preceding tool group;Locking device is arranged on cutter body, and is locked with telescopic tool holder or is unlocked.When preceding tool group appears wear condition, propelling device pushes preceding tool group to move to excavation direction to adjust the length of extension of preceding tool group.Evaluation method is used to evaluate preceding tool group wear condition, and the overall health service state of preceding tool group is quantitatively evaluated to determine whether preceding tool group needs to be overhauled and replaced, to guide the excavation distance prediction and overhaul time of shield cutter, meet the demand of shield long-distance excavation, and then improve the efficiency of shield excavation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield machines, in particular to a dynamic compensation method for evaluating the overall service state of a cutter head and cutter of a shield machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid growth of China's economy, the rapid development of urban underground space, the effective development and efficient use of urban underground space have become a symbol of urban modernization, which can expand the space capacity and improve the urban intensity to make the traffic smooth. Therefore, the application of shield construction has become an inevitable way to develop underground space. Shield method is a fully mechanized construction method in the construction of subsurface excavation. Shield machine advances in the ground, supported by the shield shell and the segment, and excavates the soil in front of the excavation face with the shield cutter head, and assembles the prefabricated concrete segments to form a mechanized construction method of tunnel structure. It has the characteristics of fast tunneling speed, less influence on buildings and traffic on the ground, and is suitable for geological conditions with large burial depth and high water pressure, and has an irreplaceable role in tunnel construction.

[0003] During the shield tunneling process, the cutter head cutter directly contacts the soil and rock, and often appears serious cutter wear and damage during construction, which leads to engineering accidents and seriously affects the construction period and cost of the entire project. Serious cutter wear, soil adhesion, and long-time operation cause high cutter head temperature, making the cutter replacement conditions poor and the cutter replacement frequent, which is an important factor for the long-distance tunneling of the shield machine, directly affecting the stability of the excavation face and the efficiency of the tunneling project. SUMMARY

[0004] (I) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a dynamic compensation method for evaluating the overall health service state of a cutter head and cutter of a shield machine. By slidingly connecting the telescopic cutter holder to the cutter head body to control the extension length of the leading cutter, the technical problem of low tunneling efficiency caused by serious cutter wear and frequent cutter replacement in the prior art is solved.

[0006] (II) Technical solutions

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a dynamic compensation method for evaluating the overall health service state of a cutter head and cutter of a shield machine, and the specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0008] A dynamic compensation shield machine cutter head, comprising:

[0009] A cutter head body, a plurality of cutter insertion holes are arranged on the cutter head body, and the plurality of cutter insertion holes are distributed in a circumferential array;

[0010] The telescopic tool holder is slidably connected to the tool disc body, and a plurality of leading tool groups are vertically arranged on the telescopic tool holder in a circumferential array;

[0011] The advancing device is connected to the telescopic tool holder, and the advancing device can drive the plurality of leading tool groups to respectively insert into or pull out of the plurality of tool insertion holes when working;

[0012] The locking device is arranged on the tool disc body and is adapted to be locked or unlocked with the telescopic tool holder;

[0013] The linear sensor is arranged on the tool disc body and is used to detect the extension length of the plurality of leading tool groups;

[0014] The controller is in communication connection with the linear sensor, the advancing device and the locking device.

[0015] Further, the locking device is an electromagnetic locking device, which comprises a first locking member, a second locking member and an electromagnetic coil;

[0016] The tool disc body is provided with a mounting hole;

[0017] The electromagnetic coil and the first locking member are arranged in the mounting hole, and the electromagnetic coil is connected with the first locking member through a return spring;

[0018] The second locking member is arranged on the telescopic tool holder, and the first locking member can be locked or unlocked with the second locking member under the magnetic force of the electromagnetic coil and the spring force of the return spring.

[0019] Specifically, the first locking member comprises a locking column;

[0020] One end of the locking column is elastically connected with the electromagnetic coil through the return spring, and the other end is a toothed structure;

[0021] The second locking member is a rack, which is arranged on the outer periphery of the telescopic tool holder and extends in parallel with the sliding direction of the telescopic tool holder;

[0022] The locking column can be engaged or disengaged with the rack under the force of the electromagnetic coil and the return spring.

[0023] Further, the tool disc body comprises:

[0024] A ring body, in which the telescopic tool holder is slidably connected;

[0025] A plurality of spoke plates are circumferentially arranged on the inner circle of the ring body, one end of each spoke plate is connected with the ring body, and the other end is connected with each other;

[0026] The plurality of tool insertion holes are respectively arranged on the plurality of spoke plates.

[0027] Further, the telescopic tool holder comprises an inner tool holder and an outer tool holder, and the pushing device comprises an inner pushing device and an outer pushing device;

[0028] The outer pushing device is an annular cylinder, and the power output end is connected with the outer tool holder;

[0029] The center of the outer tool holder is further provided with a circular hole penetrating the center through hole of the annular cylinder, and the outer tool holder is further provided with a guide column, and the inner tool holder is slidingly connected to the guide column;

[0030] The inner pushing device is arranged in the center through hole, and the power output end penetrates the circular hole and is connected with the inner tool holder.

[0031] Further, any one of the preceding tool groups comprises a plurality of inner cutting tools and a plurality of outer cutting tools;

[0032] The plurality of inner cutting tools are arranged on the front tool holder, and the plurality of outer cutting tools are arranged on the rear tool holder.

[0033] Further, the outer tool holder comprises a plurality of outer cutting tool spoke arms, the plurality of outer cutting tool spoke arms are arranged at equal intervals, one end is connected with the power output end of the annular cylinder, and the other end is slidingly connected with the annular body;

[0034] The plurality of outer cutting tools are arranged at equal intervals on the outer cutting tool spoke arms;

[0035] The guide column is arranged on any one of the outer cutting tool spoke arms, and the front tool holder is slidingly connected to the guide column.

[0036] Further, the front tool holder comprises a plurality of inner cutting tool spoke arms, the plurality of inner cutting tool spoke arms are arranged at equal intervals, and the end portions are connected with each other;

[0037] The plurality of inner cutting tools are arranged at equal intervals on the inner cutting tool spoke arms, and the side of the inner cutting tool spoke arm away from the inner cutting tool is further provided with a sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is slidingly connected to the guide column.

[0038] Further, the rack is arranged at the end portion of any one of the outer cutting tool spoke arms, and the extension direction of the rack is perpendicular to the outer cutting tool spoke arm;

[0039] The inner circle of the annular body is correspondingly provided with a sliding groove, and the rack is slidingly connected in the sliding groove;

[0040] The mounting hole is also arranged in the sliding groove.

[0041] A cutter overall health service state evaluation method is used for evaluating the wear state of a dynamic compensation shield cutter, and the evaluation method comprises the following steps:

[0042] Obtaining the wear amount δ (mm) of a single cutter and the initial thickness H (mm) of the cutter, and calculating the wear ratio κ of the single cutter, and the calculation formula is κ = δ / H;

[0043] The preset tool wear level is compared with the calculated single tool wear ratio κ to determine the tool wear state;

[0044] The overall service state health coefficient χ of the same type of tool is calculated based on the calculated tool wear ratio κ, and the calculation formula is:

[0045]

[0046] Wherein, m is the number of tools with the same wear degree, and subscript i (1, 2,...) represents the number of tool wear levels;

[0047] The tool overall service health coefficient ξ under the cooperation of different types of tools is calculated based on the calculated overall service state health coefficient χ of the same type of tool, and the calculation formula is:

[0048]

[0049] Wherein, M is the number of different types of tools, and n is the tool type;

[0050] According to the calculated tool overall service state health coefficient ξ under the cooperation of different types of tools, five tool overall state types are divided, and whether the tool is repaired is determined based on the tool overall state type.

[0051] (Three) beneficial effects

[0052] The dynamic compensation shield machine cutter and the cutter overall health state evaluation method provided by the application fill the gap in the prior art.

[0053] In the application, the dynamic compensation shield machine cutter comprises a cutter body and a telescopic cutter holder, the cutter body is provided with circumferentially arrayed cutter insertion holes, and the telescopic cutter holder is correspondingly provided with multiple rows of leading cutter groups, the telescopic cutter holder is slidably connected to the cutter body, and the leading cutter groups on the telescopic cutter holder are inserted into or pulled out of the cutter insertion holes by the propulsion device. During specific operation, when the leading cutter groups are worn, the propulsion device is started, the propulsion device drives the leading cutter groups to move in the tunneling direction, the extension length of the leading cutter groups is adjusted, and when the set length is reached, the position of the telescopic cutter holder is locked by the locking device, so that the extension length of the leading cutter groups always meets the tunneling requirement, the tool does not need to be frequently replaced, the long-distance tunneling requirement can be met, and the tunneling efficiency is improved.

[0054] The application further provides a cutter overall health service state evaluation method, which is used for evaluating the wear state of the cutter of the dynamic compensation shield machine cutter, can evaluate the health state of the single tool, can realize the quantitative evaluation of the overall cooperative tunneling efficiency of multiple types of tools, can determine the wear state of the tool, and can determine the repair opportunity and preset the repair well in advance. Attached Figure Description

[0055] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic compensation shield machine cutterhead in a specific implementation method;

[0057] Figure 2 An exploded view of the cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine with dynamic compensation in a specific implementation method;

[0058] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head body in a specific implementation embodiment;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic tool holder in a specific implementation embodiment;

[0060] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the propulsion device in a specific implementation embodiment;

[0061] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of one application method of the locking device in a specific embodiment;

[0062] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of another application method of the locking device in a specific embodiment;

[0063] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the cutter head body in a specific embodiment.

[0064] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0065] 1. Cutter head body; 110. Ring-shaped body; 111. Slide groove;

[0066] 120. Spoke plate; 121. Cutting tool insertion hole;

[0067] 2. Telescopic tool holder; 210. Inner tool holder; 211. Inner cutting tool spoke arm; 212. Sliding sleeve;

[0068] 220. Outer blade holder; 221. Outer cutting blade spoke arm; 222. Guide post;

[0069] 3. Propulsion device; 310. Internal propulsion device; 320. External propulsion device;

[0070] 4. Locking device; 410. Electromagnetic coil; 420. Return spring; 430. First locking element; 440. Second locking element;

[0071] 5, pre-processor; 510, inner cutter; 520, outer cutter;

[0072] 6, profiling cutter; 7, center cutter; 8, scraper; 9, linear sensor; 10, controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the preferred embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar notations represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application. The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0074] In the description of the present embodiment, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the scope of protection of the present embodiment.

[0075] The cutter of the cutter head directly contacts the soil layer and the rock during tunneling operation of the shield machine. Wear and damage of the cutter often occur during construction. If not replaced in time, it will lead to engineering accidents and cause serious impact on the entire project. Therefore, in order to ensure safety in production, the cutter needs to be replaced in time if it is worn.

[0076] At present, the whole replacement method is often used when replacing the dynamic compensation shield machine cutter head, and the whole replacement method has the technical problems of low replacement efficiency and inconvenience for replacement, which cannot meet the long distance tunneling demand.

[0077] The present embodiment is based on the above problems existing in the prior art, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a dynamic compensation shield machine cutter is provided. The dynamic compensation shield machine cutter comprises a cutter body 1, a telescopic cutter holder 2, a pushing device 3 and a locking device 4. The cutter body 1 is provided with a plurality of cutter insertion holes 121 arranged in a circumferential array. The telescopic cutter holder 2 is slidably connected to the cutter body 1. A plurality of leading cutter groups 5 are vertically arranged on the telescopic cutter holder 2 and also arranged in a circumferential array. The pushing device 3 is connected to the telescopic cutter holder 2. The pushing device 3 can drive the plurality of leading cutter groups 5 to be inserted into or pulled out of the plurality of cutter insertion holes 121. The locking device 4 is arranged on the cutter body 1 and adapted to be locked or unlocked with the telescopic cutter holder 2.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the telescopic cutter holder 2 is slidably connected to the cutter body 1. The pushing device 3 pushes the telescopic cutter holder 2 to slide along the cutter body 1, thereby driving the leading cutter groups 5 to be inserted into or pulled out of the cutter insertion holes 121. In a specific tunneling operation, the extension length of the cutter is pre-set according to different soil conditions. When the cutter is worn and the extension length does not meet the set requirement, the pushing device 3 is controlled to start, and the pushing device 3 pushes the telescopic cutter holder 2 and the leading cutter groups 5 to slide in the tunneling direction, so that the extension length of the leading cutter groups 5 meets the set requirement. The whole cutter does not need to be replaced. The extension length of the leading cutter groups 5 is adjusted by controlling the pushing device 3, which has the characteristics of high adjustment efficiency and low adjustment difficulty, and can meet the tunneling requirements of long distance road sections.

[0079] The locking device 4 is used for mechanically locking the telescopic cutter holder 2. When the pushing device 3 drives the leading cutter groups 5 to complete the extension length adjustment, the position of the telescopic cutter holder 2 is locked by the locking device 4, so as to prevent the leading cutter groups 5 from extending or retracting due to the failure of the tunneling device, thereby ensuring the safety of the tunneling operation.

[0080] It can be understood that the number of the locking device 4 in the embodiment is not limited, which can be one or multiple. When the number is multiple, the multiple locking devices 4 are equally spaced along the circumference of the cutter body 1.

[0081] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the locking device 4 of the embodiment is an electromagnetic locking device, which comprises a first locking member 430, a second locking member 440 and an electromagnetic coil 410. The cutter head body 1 is provided with a mounting hole, the electromagnetic coil 410 is arranged in the mounting hole, the first locking member 430 is slidingly connected in the mounting hole, and the electromagnetic coil 410 is connected with the first locking member 430 through a return spring 420; the second locking member 440 is arranged on the telescopic tool holder 2. When the electromagnetic coil 410 is powered, the electromagnetic coil 410 generates a magnetic force, the first locking member 430 can be locked with the second locking member 440 under the action of the magnetic force, and when the electromagnetic coil 410 is powered off, the magnetic force disappears, and the first locking member 430 is unlocked from the second locking member 440 under the action of the spring force of the return spring 420.

[0082] In some embodiments, the first locking member 430 comprises a locking column, one end of the locking column is connected with the electromagnetic coil 410 through the return spring 420, and the other end is a toothed structure. Correspondingly, the second locking member 440 is a rack, the rack is arranged on the outer periphery of the telescopic tool holder 2, and the extension direction is parallel to the sliding direction of the telescopic tool holder 2. The locking column is engaged or disengaged with the rack under the action of the electromagnetic coil 410 or the return spring 420. When the locking column is engaged with the rack, the position of the telescopic tool holder 2 is locked, and when the locking column is disengaged from the rack, the telescopic tool holder 2 is unlocked from the cutter head body 1.

[0083] In the embodiment, the length of the rack is consistent with the adjustable extension length of the preceding tool group 5, the locking within the length range of the rack can be realized, and the position locking and unlocking of the telescopic tool holder 2 can be realized only by controlling the power-on and power-off of the electromagnetic coil 410, which has the characteristics of convenient control and easy operation.

[0084] Further, as shown, Figure 3 The cutter head body 1 of the embodiment comprises a ring body 110 and a plurality of spoke plates 120, the telescopic tool holder 2 is slidingly connected in the ring body 110, the plurality of spoke plates 120 are circumferentially arranged on the inner circle of the ring body 110, the plurality of spoke plates 120 are arranged at equal intervals, one end of each of the plurality of spoke plates 120 is connected with the ring body 110, and the other end of each of the plurality of spoke plates 120 is connected with each other, and a plurality of tool insertion holes 121 are arranged on the plurality of spoke plates 120.

[0085] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the annular body 110 is barrel-shaped, a plurality of spoke plates 120 are arranged at the front end of the annular body 110, and a plurality of profiling knives 6 are further arranged on the front end surface of the annular body 110. The plurality of profiling knives 6 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the annular body 110, and the profiling knives 6 are used to cut the soil at the edge position of the cutter body 1. The profiling knives 6 can be controlled to extend radially from the edge of the cutter body 1 or retract according to the overbreak requirement, so as to achieve the purpose of profiling cutting. When the shield machine is advancing in a curve segment, turning or correcting, the profiling knives can cut the soil to create the required space, which can reduce the interference of the shield machine on the surrounding soil during tunneling, and achieve curve advancing and smooth turning and correction.

[0086] The number of cutter insertion holes 121 on any one spoke plate 120 is a plurality, and the plurality of cutter insertion holes 121 are arranged at equal intervals along the extension direction of the spoke plate 120. The two sides of the plurality of cutter insertion holes 121 are further provided with scrapers 8. When the shield machine moves forward under the action of the advancing force, the scrapers 8 will generate radial cutting force and axial shearing force on the soil layer with the rotation of the cutter, so that the soil at the excavation surface is cut down, which can play a good cutting and transportation role.

[0087] The mutual connection positions of the plurality of spoke plates 120 are further provided with a center knife 7, the center knife 7 is located at the center position of the disc body, and the root of the center knife 7 is conical. When tunneling in soft soil layer, the center knife 7 can well improve the cutting and stirring of the soil at the center part, and the root shape of the center knife 7 can overturn the cut soil, which is beneficial to improve the fluidity of the soil at the center part.

[0088] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the telescopic cutter holder 2 of the embodiment includes an inner cutter holder 210 and an outer cutter holder 220. The center of the outer cutter holder 220 is provided with a circular hole, and the front end surface is provided with a guide column 222. The inner cutter holder 210 is slidingly connected to the guide column 222.

[0089] Correspondingly, as shown in Figure 5 , the advancing device 3 includes an inner advancing device 310 and an outer advancing device 320. The outer advancing device 320 is an annular cylinder, the center of the annular cylinder is a through center through hole, the power output end of the annular cylinder is connected with the outer cutter holder 220, and the inner advancing device 310 is arranged in the center through hole, and the power output end passes through the circular hole and is connected with the inner cutter holder 210.

[0090] Among them, the inner advancing device 310 is also a cylinder structure, and the outer advancing device 320 is an annular cylinder structure. The purpose of the structure is to facilitate the installation and arrangement of the inner advancing device 310. The driving form of the inner advancing device 310 and the outer advancing device 320 is any one of a hydraulic cylinder, a gas cylinder or an electric cylinder body, which can be selected according to the actual working condition, and the embodiment is not limited in particular.

[0091] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, any column of advance blades 5 includes a plurality of inner cutting blades 510 and a plurality of outer cutting blades 520, wherein the inner cutting blades 510 are disposed on the inner blade holder 210 and the outer cutting blades 520 are disposed on the outer blade holder 220.

[0092] In some implementations, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the outer tool holder 220 includes multiple outer cutting spoke arms 221, which are equally spaced. One end of each arm is connected to the power output end of the annular cylinder, and the other end is slidably connected to the annular body 110. Multiple outer cutting blades 520 and guide posts 222 are equally spaced on the outer cutting spoke arms 221. A rack is located at the end of the outer cutting spoke arm 221 near the annular body 110. A corresponding groove 111 is provided on the inner ring of the annular body 110, and the rack is slidably connected to the groove 111. The extension direction of the rack is perpendicular to the plane of the outer tool holder 220. A mounting hole is correspondingly provided in the groove 111, and the extension direction of the mounting hole points to the center of the annular body 110. When the annular cylinder is working, it can push multiple outer cutters 520 located on the outer spoke arm to extend out of the cutter mounting hole. When the cutter extension length meets the requirements, the outer cutter holder 220 is locked in position by the locking device 4, thus completing the adjustment of the extension length of the outer cutter 520.

[0093] In this embodiment, the inner blade holder 210 is also a spoke structure, including multiple inner cutting blade spoke arms 211. The multiple inner cutting blade spoke arms 211 are equally spaced and their ends are connected to each other. Multiple inner cutting blades 510 are equally spaced on the inner cutting blade spoke arms 211. A sliding sleeve 212 is also provided on the side of the inner cutting blade spoke arm 211 away from the inner cutting blade 510. The sliding sleeve 212 is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide post 222. The sliding sleeve 212 and the guide post 222 are used to guide the movement of the inner blade holder 210 and prevent the inner blade holder 210 from flipping over, which would affect the adjustment of the extension length of the inner cutting blade 510.

[0094] Furthermore, a locking device 4 is also provided on the inner tool holder 210. The locking device 4 is used to lock the position of the inner tool holder 210. The rack of the locking device 4 is provided on the guide post 222. The extension direction of the rack is consistent with the extension direction of the guide post 222. A mounting hole is provided in the sliding sleeve 212. The axis of the mounting hole is perpendicular to the extension direction of the sliding sleeve 212. The electromagnetic coil 410 and the locking post are both provided in the mounting hole.

[0095] In practical use, the inner propulsion device 310 drives the inner tool holder 210 to slide along the guide column 222, pushing the inner cutting blade 510 on the inner tool holder 210 to extend out of the tool mounting hole. When the extension length of the inner cutting blade 510 meets the requirements, the locking device 4 locks the position of the inner tool holder 210, thus completing the adjustment of the extension length of the inner cutting blade 510.

[0096] It should be noted that the protruding length of the inner cutting tool 510 is greater than the protruding length of the outer cutting tool 520, and is arranged in a stepped manner. During tunneling, the inner cutting tool 510 first contacts the soil, cooperates with the center cutter 7, and the soil at the center position is first cut, and the soil at the outer side is then cut by the outer cutting tool 520, thereby increasing the layering of the cutting process and significantly increasing the flowability of the cut soil. The inner cutting tool 510 at the center position occupies a large part of the cutting section and bears the main thrust and torque, and cuts the most dense soil at the center. After the soil at the center position is loosened, it can share the cutting pressure of the outer cutting tool 520, thereby causing the inner cutting tool 510 to wear more and the outer cutting tool 520 to wear relatively less. Accordingly, in the present example, the telescopic cutter holder 2 is arranged as an inner side cutter holder 210 and an outer side cutter holder 220, which are respectively driven by an inner pushing device 310 and an outer pushing device 320, and the protruding lengths of the inner cutting tool 510 and the outer cutting tool 520 are adjusted respectively, so as to solve the problem of inconsistent wear of the inner cutting tool 510 and the outer cutting tool 520.

[0097] Further, the dynamic compensation shield tunneling machine cutter disc of the present example further comprises at least two linear sensors 9 and a controller 10, one of the linear sensors 9 is used to measure the protruding length of the inner cutting tool 510, and the remaining linear sensor 9 is used to measure the protruding length of the outer cutting tool 520, the linear sensor 9 is in communication connection with the controller 10, and the controller 10 is in communication connection with the inner pushing device 310, the outer pushing device 320 and the electromagnetic coil 410 respectively.

[0098] In specific use, according to the soil condition of the tunneling section, the protruding lengths of the inner cutting tool 510 and the outer cutting tool 520 are preset. When the linear sensor 9 detects that the protruding length of the inner cutting tool 510 or the outer cutting tool 520 does not meet the set length, the linear sensor 9 sends the detection information to the controller 10, the controller 10 controls to stop power supply to the electromagnetic coil 410, the locking column moves away from the rack under the action of the spring force, and the locking column and the rack are disengaged from the engagement connection relationship. Then the controller 10 controls the inner pushing device 310 or the outer pushing device 320 to start, and pushes the inner cutting tool 510 or the outer cutting tool 520 to protrude in the tunneling direction. When the linear sensor 9 detects that the protruding length of the inner cutting tool 510 or the outer cutting tool 520 meets the set value, the linear sensor 9 transmits the detection information to the controller 10, the controller 10 controls the inner pushing device 310 or the outer pushing device 320 to stop, and restores the power supply to the electromagnetic coil 410, the locking column is engaged with the rack under the action of the magnetic force, and then the inner side cutter holder 210 or the outer side cutter holder 220 is locked in position.

[0099] The embodiment can automatically detect the wear condition of the inner cutting tool 510 or the outer cutting tool 520 by arranging the linear sensor 9 and the controller 10, and can automatically adjust the extension length of the inner cutting tool 510 or the outer cutting tool 520, which is suitable for the long-distance tunneling requirement of the shield machine, avoids the downtime of the shield machine for tool replacement, reduces the cost of opening the bin and replacing the tool, and improves the tunneling efficiency and the automation degree of the shield machine.

[0100] The above is the specific structure of the dynamic compensation shield machine cutter head of the embodiment. Based on the shield machine cutter head structure, the embodiment further provides a cutter head tool overall health service state evaluation method for evaluating the wear state of the tool, which specifically comprises:

[0101] (1) Obtain the wear amount δ (mm) of the single tool and the initial thickness H (mm) of the tool, and calculate the wear ratio κ of the single tool, and the calculation formula is: κ = δ / H;

[0102] It should be noted that the tool wear state defined in the embodiment includes normal wear and abnormal wear. The abnormal wear refers to the complete failure forms such as tool tooth collapse, tool falling off, and tool fracture, and the normal wear is manifested as the thickness wear of the tool edge, and when the wear amount δ is close to the initial thickness H of the tool, the tool is in the limit wear state and the tool is completely failed. In the embodiment, the abnormal wear can be equivalent to the limit wear condition of the normal wear of the tool.

[0103] (2) Predefine the tool wear level, compare the calculated value of the wear ratio κ of the single tool with the predefined tool wear level, and determine the tool wear state;

[0104] In the embodiment, the value range of the wear ratio κ is 0 to 1.0, the predefined tool wear level is divided into 5 levels, and the value range of the wear ratio κ corresponding to each level is 0 to 0.2, 0.2 to 0.4, 0.4 to 0.6, 0.6 to 0.8, and 0.8 to 1.0. The 5 tool wear levels correspond to 5 tool wear states, which are slight wear, low-level wear, medium-level wear, high-level wear, and severe wear.

[0105] When determining the tool wear state, it is determined that the wear ratio κ of the single tool is in which value range of the tool wear level, and then the wear state of the single tool is determined.

[0106] It can be understood that the single tool of the embodiment can be any one of the center tool, the profiling tool, the scraper, the inner cutting tool, or the outer cutting tool.

[0107] In actual engineering, for example, the thickness of the scraper is 35 mm, and the thickness of the leading knife is 55 mm, and the wear threshold of the scraper and the leading knife is 25 mm and 40 mm respectively, that is, when the wear thickness of the scraper decreases by 25 mm, the wear thickness of the scraper decreases by 40 mm, the tool needs to be repaired and replaced as soon as possible. At this time, the wear ratio corresponding to the scraper and the leading knife is 0.714 and 0.727 respectively, so it is reasonable to specify 0.75 as the calculation coefficient of high-level wear type, and the tool wear calculation coefficients of the corresponding five wear states of slight wear, low-level wear, medium-level wear, high-level wear and severe wear are preferably 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0.

[0108] (3) Based on the calculated tool wear ratio κ, the overall service state health coefficient χ of the same type of tool is calculated, and the wear condition of the same type of tool is determined according to the calculation formula:

[0109]

[0110] Wherein, m is the number of tools of the same wear degree, subscript i (1, 2, …) represents the number of tool wear levels, and in this embodiment, the maximum value of i is 5.

[0111] It should be noted that the shield machine cutter head of the embodiment is provided with a plurality of same type tools, and the same type tools will experience different degrees of wear, so in order to represent the overall wear condition of the same type tools, a comprehensive index χ is proposed to evaluate the overall health service state of the given same type tools.

[0112] (4) Based on the calculated overall service state health coefficient χ of the same type of tool, the tool overall service health coefficient ξ under the cooperation of different types of tools is calculated, and the calculation formula is:

[0113]

[0114] Wherein, M is the number of different types of tools, and n is the tool type.

[0115] (5) According to the calculated tool overall service state health coefficient ξ under the cooperation of different types of tools, five tool overall state types are divided, and whether the tool needs to be repaired is determined based on the tool overall state type.

[0116] The maintenance judgment method is as follows: when the overall health service status health coefficient ξ is in the range of 0 to 0.2, it is judged as minor overall damage, and no maintenance is required; when the overall health service status health coefficient ξ is in the range of 0.2 to 0.4, it is judged as low-level overall damage, and no maintenance is required; when the overall health service status health coefficient ξ is in the range of 0.4 to 0.6, it is judged as moderate overall damage, and maintenance should be considered; when the overall health service status health coefficient ξ is in the range of 0.6 to 0.8, it is judged as high-level overall damage, and maintenance should be considered as soon as possible; when the overall health service status health coefficient ξ is in the range of 0.8 to 1.0, the machine should be stopped immediately for maintenance.

[0117] The above is the overall health and service status assessment method for cutterhead tools in this embodiment. By considering the setting method and type of cutterhead tools, the wear status of a single tool, multiple tools of the same type, and tools of different types working together can be assessed. By comprehensively considering the wear situation under the synergistic effect of multiple tools, the overall synergistic tunneling efficiency of multiple types of tools can be quantitatively assessed to determine the wear status of the tools, thereby determining the maintenance time and pre-setting maintenance wells to improve maintenance efficiency.

[0118] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, are covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamically compensated shield machine cutterhead, characterized by, The utility model relates to a cutting disc body (1) is provided with a plurality of rows of cutter through -inserting holes (121), and a plurality of rows of the cutter through -inserting holes (121) are distributed in the circumferential array, and the utility model relates to a telescopic tool rest (2) is connected in the sliding mode on the cutting disc body (1), and the telescopic tool rest (2) is vertically provided with a plurality of rows of preceding tool groups (5), and a plurality of rows of the preceding tool groups (5) are distributed in the circumferential array, and the utility model relates to a propelling device (3) is connected with the telescopic tool rest (2), and the propelling device (3) can drive a plurality of rows of preceding tool groups (5) on the telescopic tool rest (2) respectively insert or pull out a plurality of rows of cutter through -inserting holes (121) when working, and the utility model relates to a locking device (4) is arranged on the cutting disc body (1), is suitable for locking connection or release locking connection with the telescopic tool rest (2), and the utility model relates to a linear sensor (9) is arranged on the cutting disc body (1), is used for detecting the extension length of a plurality of rows of preceding tool groups (5), and the utility model relates to a controller (10) is respectively communicated with linear sensor (9), propelling device (3) and locking device (4) connection, and the utility model relates to the locking device (4) is electromagnetic locking device (4), including first locking part (430), second locking part (440) and electromagnetic coil (410), and the utility model relates to the cutting disc body (1) is provided with mounting hole, and the utility model relates to the electromagnetic coil (410) and first locking part (430) are all arranged in the mounting hole, and the electromagnetic coil (410) is connected with first locking part (430) through return spring (420), and the utility model relates to second locking part (440) is arranged on the telescopic tool rest (2), and first locking part (430) can be locked with second locking part (440) locking connection or release locking connection under the action of the spring force of electromagnetic coil (410) magnetic force and return spring (420), and the utility model relates to second locking part (440) is rack, and the utility model relates to the telescopic tool rest (2) includes inside tool rest (210) and outside tool rest (220), and propelling device (3) includes outer propelling device (320), and the utility model relates to the power output end of outer propelling device (320) is connected with outside tool rest (220), and the utility model relates to outside tool rest (220) is also provided with guide column (222), and inside tool rest (210) is connected in the sliding mode on guide column (222), and the utility model relates to inside tool rest (210) is also provided with locking device (4), and locking device (4) is also used for locking the position of inside tool rest (210). The first locking part (430) includes a locking column, one end of the locking column is connected with the electromagnetic coil (410) through the return spring (420), and the other end is a tooth-shaped structure. The rack is arranged on the outer periphery of the telescopic tool rest (2), and the extension direction is parallel to the sliding direction of the telescopic tool rest (2). The locking column can be engaged with or disengaged from the rack under the force of the electromagnetic coil (410) and the return spring (420). The cutting disc body (1) includes: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 2. The dynamically compensated tunneling machine cutterhead of claim 1, wherein, ​ ​ ​ ​ 3. The dynamically compensated shield machine cutterhead of claim 1, wherein, ​ A plurality of profiling cutters (6) are arranged in an array on the front end face of the ring body (110); A plurality of spoke plates (120) are arranged in a circle on the inner ring of the ring body (110), one end of each of the plurality of spoke plates (120) is connected to the ring body (110), and the other end of each of the plurality of spoke plates (120) is connected to each other, and a center cutter (7) is arranged at the connection position of the plurality of spoke plates (120); A plurality of cutter insertion holes (121) are arranged on the plurality of spoke plates (120), and a scraper (8) is arranged on both sides of the cutter insertion hole (121).

4. The dynamically compensated tunneling machine cutterhead of claim 3, wherein, The advancing device (3) further comprises an inner advancing device (310); The outer advancing device (320) is a ring-shaped cylinder; The center of the outer cutter holder (220) is provided with a circular hole which is in communication with the center through hole of the ring-shaped cylinder; The inner advancing device (310) is arranged in the center through hole, and the power output end penetrates the circular hole and is connected to the inner cutter holder (210).

5. The dynamically compensated tunneling machine cutterhead of claim 4, wherein, Each of the plurality of leading cutter groups (5) comprises a plurality of inner cutting knives (510) and a plurality of outer cutting knives (520); The plurality of inner cutting knives (510) are arranged on the inner cutter holder (210), and the plurality of outer cutting knives (520) are arranged on the outer cutter holder (220).

6. The dynamically compensated tunneling machine cutterhead of claim 5, wherein, The outer cutter holder (220) comprises a plurality of outer cutting knife spoke arms (221), the plurality of outer cutting knife spoke arms (221) are arranged at equal intervals, one end of each of the plurality of outer cutting knife spoke arms (221) is connected to the power output end of the ring-shaped cylinder, and the other end of each of the plurality of outer cutting knife spoke arms (221) is slidably connected to the ring body (110); The plurality of outer cutting knives (520) are arranged at equal intervals on the outer cutting knife spoke arms (221); Each of the outer cutting knife spoke arms (520) is provided with the guide column (222), and the inner cutter holder (210) is slidably connected to the guide column (222).

7. The dynamically compensated tunneling machine cutterhead of claim 6, wherein, The inner cutter holder (210) comprises a plurality of inner cutting knife spoke arms (211), the plurality of inner cutting knife spoke arms (211) are arranged at equal intervals, and the end portions of the plurality of inner cutting knife spoke arms (211) are connected to each other; The plurality of inner cutting knives (510) are arranged at equal intervals on the inner cutting knife spoke arms (211), and the side of the inner cutting knife spoke arms (211) away from the inner cutting knives (510) is further provided with a sliding sleeve (212), and the sliding sleeve (212) is slidably connected to the guide column (222).

8. The dynamically compensated tunneling machine cutterhead of claim 6, wherein, The rack is arranged at the end portion of each of the outer cutting knife spoke arms (221), and the extension direction of the rack is perpendicular to the outer cutting knife spoke arms (221); The inner ring of the ring body (110) is provided with a sliding groove (111) corresponding to the rack, and the rack is slidably connected to the sliding groove (111); The mounting hole is also arranged in the sliding groove (111).

9. A method for assessing the overall health and service status of a tool turret, characterized in that, The evaluation method for the dynamic compensation shield machine cutter of claim 8 comprises: Obtain monomer tool wear δ (mm), tool initial thickness H (mm), calculate monomer tool wear ratio , the calculation formula is: ; preset tool wear level, the calculated single-tool wear ratio the numerical value of the tool wear state; based on the calculated tool wear ratio calculating an overall service state health coefficient of tools of the same type the calculation formula of which is: where m is the number of tools of the same wear level, the subscript i (1,2,…) represents the number of tool wear levels. Based on the calculated overall service state health coefficient of the same type of tool Calculate the overall service health coefficient of the tool under the synergistic effect of different types of tools According to the calculated health coefficient ξ of the overall service state of the cutter under the synergistic action of different types of cutters, five overall state types of the cutter are divided, and whether the cutter is repaired is determined based on the overall state type of the cutter. The calculation formula is: wherein, M is the number of different types of tools, n is the tool type; ​

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