Vertical heat exchanger and air conditioning unit

Abstract

The application provides a vertical heat exchanger and an air conditioning unit. The vertical heat exchanger comprises a shell, a gas-liquid separation mechanism, a heat exchange mechanism and an air pipe. The gas-liquid separation area and the gas collection area are communicated through the air pipe. The vertical heat exchanger and the air conditioning unit provided by the application realize gas-liquid separation by using the first spiral plate and the density difference of the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, that is, the dryness of the refrigerant entering the inside of the heat exchange pipe is reduced, the gas flow rate is reduced, the flow pressure loss of the refrigerant is reduced, the liquid-phase refrigerant can enter the heat exchange pipe, the wall wetting area is increased, the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved, the gas blowing disturbance to the liquid level is avoided by the gas blocking plate, and a stable liquid level is formed above the upper refrigerant baffle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of air treatment equipment, in particular to a vertical heat exchanger and air conditioning unit. BACKGROUND

[0002] The heat exchanger is a key component in commercial air conditioning products, and its heat transfer performance directly affects the energy efficiency of the unit. In small commercial water chillers (such as modular machines), dry evaporators are usually used, and the refrigerant evaporates inside the heat exchange tube and exchanges heat with the shell-side coolant. The advantages of dry evaporators are small size, less refrigerant filling, and stable oil return.

[0003] However, the existing dry evaporators all adopt a horizontal structure, and the refrigerant at the inlet of the heat exchange tube is in a gas-liquid two-phase state. The liquid is deposited at the bottom of the distribution chamber due to gravity, causing uneven distribution of liquid refrigerant in heat exchange tubes at different heights, which can cause heat exchange tube dry burning and compressor suction liquid problems. At the same time, if the dryness of the refrigerant entering the heat exchange tube is too high, it will increase the flow pressure loss of the refrigerant side and reduce the energy efficiency of the unit. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems of uneven distribution of refrigerant in the horizontal evaporator in the prior art, which can cause compressor suction liquid and even reduce the energy efficiency of the unit, a vertical heat exchanger and air conditioning unit are provided, which utilizes gravity to increase the liquid distribution and heat exchange effect.

[0005] A vertical heat exchanger, comprising:

[0006] A shell, along the direction from the upper end of the shell to the lower end of the shell, the shell is sequentially formed with a gas-liquid separation area, a heat exchange area and a gas collection area;

[0007] A gas-liquid separation mechanism is arranged in the gas-liquid separation area;

[0008] A heat exchange mechanism is arranged in the heat exchange area;

[0009] An air pipe is arranged to communicate the gas-liquid separation area and the gas collection area.

[0010] The gas-liquid separation mechanism comprises a first spiral plate, the first spiral plate is arranged in the gas-liquid separation area, and the first spiral plate forms a first spiral flow channel in the gas-liquid separation area.

[0011] The air pipe is provided with air holes, all the air holes are arranged in the first spiral flow channel, and the air holes are located below the corresponding spiral line of the first spiral plate.

[0012] The gas-liquid separation mechanism further comprises a gas blocking plate, which is arranged between the first spiral plate and the heat exchange region, and the gas blocking plate is provided with through holes for refrigerant to pass through.

[0013] The gas blocking plate is formed with a flow region and a passing region, and all the through holes are uniformly distributed in the passing region, and the lower end of the first spiral flow channel points to the flow region.

[0014] The gas blocking plate is circular, and the central angle of the flow region corresponds to an angle range of 30° to 150°.

[0015] The helix angle of the first spiral plate ranges from 30° to 80°.

[0016] The pitch of the first spiral plate gradually increases along the axis direction of the air pipe.

[0017] The heat exchange mechanism comprises:

[0018] An upper refrigerant partition plate is arranged in the shell to separate the gas-liquid separation region and the heat exchange region.

[0019] A lower refrigerant partition plate is arranged in the shell, and the lower refrigerant partition plate is arranged below the upper refrigerant partition plate to separate the heat exchange region and the gas collection region.

[0020] Heat exchange pipes, at least part of which communicate with the gas-liquid separation region through the upper refrigerant partition plate, and at least part of which communicate with the gas collection region through the lower refrigerant partition plate.

[0021] The heat exchange mechanism further comprises:

[0022] An upper refrigerant distribution plate, which together with the upper refrigerant partition plate forms an upper refrigerant distribution cavity.

[0023] A lower refrigerant distribution plate, which together with the lower refrigerant partition plate forms a lower refrigerant distribution cavity.

[0024] The gas-liquid separation region and the lower refrigerant distribution cavity, the lower refrigerant distribution cavity and the upper refrigerant distribution cavity, and the upper refrigerant distribution cavity and the gas collection region are respectively communicated through the heat exchange pipes.

[0025] The heat exchange pipes include first process heat exchange pipes, second process heat exchange pipes and third process heat exchange pipes, the gas-liquid separation area and the lower refrigerant distribution cavity are communicated through the first process heat exchange pipes, the lower refrigerant distribution cavity and the upper refrigerant distribution cavity are communicated through the second process heat exchange pipes, and the upper refrigerant distribution cavity and the gas collection area are communicated through the third process heat exchange pipes.

[0026] The number of the first process heat exchange pipes is less than or equal to the number of the second process heat exchange pipes, which is less than or equal to the number of the third process heat exchange pipes.

[0027] The first process heat exchange pipes are in a first circular distribution, the second process heat exchange pipes are in a second circular distribution, and the third process heat exchange pipes are in a third circular distribution, the centers of the first, second and third circles are on the axis of the air pipe, and the diameter of the first circle is less than or equal to the diameter of the second circle, which is less than or equal to the diameter of the third circle.

[0028] The heat exchange mechanism further includes a second spiral plate, which is arranged between the upper refrigerant partition plate and the lower refrigerant partition plate, and forms a second spiral flow channel in the heat exchange area.

[0029] The shell is provided with a chilled refrigerant inlet and a chilled refrigerant outlet communicated with the heat exchange area, the chilled refrigerant inlet is communicated with one end of the second spiral flow channel, and the chilled refrigerant outlet is communicated with the other end of the second spiral flow channel.

[0030] The chilled refrigerant inlet is located above the chilled refrigerant outlet.

[0031] The shell is provided with a refrigerant inlet communicated with the gas-liquid separation area and a refrigerant outlet communicated with the gas collection area.

[0032] The gas collection area is provided with a liquid blocking plate, which is arranged below the lower refrigerant partition plate, and the refrigerant outlet of the shell communicated with the gas collection area is located below the liquid blocking plate.

[0033] The gas collection area is provided with a liquid filtering plate, which is located below the liquid blocking plate, the refrigerant outlet is located between the liquid blocking plate and the liquid filtering plate, and the liquid filtering plate is provided with a liquid filtering hole.

[0034] The gas collection area is provided with a plurality of baffle plates, all of which are staggered between the liquid blocking plate and the liquid filtering plate.

[0035] Part of the baffle is arranged on the filtrate plate, and a filtrate hole is arranged on the filtrate plate at the connection between the baffle and the filtrate plate.

[0036] An air conditioning unit comprising the vertical heat exchanger.

[0037] The vertical heat exchanger and the air conditioning unit provided by the application realize gas-liquid separation by using the first spiral plate and the density difference of gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, that is, reduce the dryness of refrigerant entering the inside of the heat exchange pipe, reduce the gas flow rate, and further reduce the flow pressure loss of refrigerant, and can also ensure that the liquid-phase refrigerant enters the heat exchange pipe, can increase the wall wetting area, and improve the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger, and the gas blocking plate avoids the disturbance of gas to the liquid level, and further forms a stable liquid level above the upper refrigerant partition plate. The liquid-phase refrigerant realizes uniform liquid distribution in the heat exchange pipe by the action of gravity and pressure difference, by reducing the dryness of refrigerant entering the inside of the pipe, on the one hand, the flow pressure loss of refrigerant is reduced, and on the other hand, the wall wetting area is increased to improve the heat transfer efficiency. The second spiral plate is arranged to avoid the flow dead zone in the heat exchange area, and solve the problem of pipe freezing of the heat exchanger under low-temperature working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the vertical heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0039] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separation mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0040] Figure 3 A partial structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0041] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange mechanism provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0042] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of the upper refrigerant partition plate provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0043] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of the lower refrigerant partition plate provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0044] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of the lower refrigerant distribution plate provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0045] Figure 8 A structural schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gas collection area provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure.

[0046] In the figure:

[0047] 1, housing; 11, gas-liquid separation area; 12, heat exchange area; 13, gas collection area; 2, air pipe; 31, first spiral plate; 21, air passing hole; 32, air blocking plate; 321, passing hole; 322, flow area; 323, passing area; 41, upper refrigerant partition plate; 42, lower refrigerant partition plate; 43, heat exchange pipe; 44, upper refrigerant distribution plate; 45, upper refrigerant distribution cavity; 46, lower refrigerant distribution plate; 47, lower refrigerant distribution cavity; 431, first flow heat exchange pipe; 432, second flow heat exchange pipe; 433, third flow heat exchange pipe; 48, second spiral plate; 14, coolant inlet; 15, coolant outlet; 16, refrigerant inlet; 17, refrigerant outlet; 51, liquid blocking plate; 52, liquid filtering plate; 53, baffle plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not used to limit the present application.

[0049] As Figures 1 to 8The vertical heat exchanger comprises a shell 1, a gas-liquid separation area 11, a heat exchange area 12 and a gas collection area 13 are sequentially formed in the shell 1 from the upper end of the shell 1 to the lower end of the shell 1, a gas-liquid separation mechanism arranged in the gas-liquid separation area 11, a heat exchange mechanism arranged in the heat exchange area 12, and a gas passage 2 connecting the gas-liquid separation area 11 and the gas collection area 13. Compared with the horizontal evaporator in the prior art, the vertical heat exchanger effectively utilizes the influence of gravity on the refrigerant to realize gas-liquid separation, i.e. to reduce the dryness of the refrigerant entering the inside of the heat exchange pipe, to reduce the gas flow rate, to further reduce the flow pressure loss of the refrigerant, to ensure that the liquid-phase refrigerant enters the heat exchange pipe, to increase the wall wetting area, and to improve the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separation area 11 and is separated by the gas-liquid separation mechanism, wherein the liquid refrigerant is accumulated under the gas-liquid separation area 11 under the action of gravity and forms a liquid surface, then enters the heat exchange area 12 and is converted into gaseous refrigerant under the action of the heat exchange mechanism, and finally enters the gas collection area 13, while the gaseous refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation area 11 is directly sent to the gas collection area 13 through the gas passage 2, and the two kinds of gaseous refrigerants are collected in the gas collection area 13 and finally discharged from the shell 1, completing the heat exchange process. The gas collection area 13 can effectively separate the gaseous refrigerant from the liquid refrigerant or the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, improve the gas-liquid separation effect of the vertical heat exchanger, and set the gas collection area 13 at the lowermost part of the vertical heat exchanger, so that the gaseous refrigerant in the gas collection area 13 can return to the compressor through the refrigerant outlet together with the compressor refrigeration oil, thereby ensuring the lubrication effect of the compressor.

[0050] The gas-liquid separation mechanism comprises a first spiral plate 31 arranged in the gas-liquid separation area 11 and forming a first spiral flow channel in the gas-liquid separation area 11. The first spiral flow channel increases the flow distance of the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant in the gas-liquid separation area 11, so that the gaseous refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant can be fully separated under the action of gravity, and the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant also undergoes centrifugal force due to the spiral flow along the first spiral flow channel, thereby effectively increasing the gas-liquid separation effect.

[0051] In the first spiral flow channel, gaseous refrigerant is gathered in the upper half of the first spiral flow channel, and liquid refrigerant is gathered in the lower half of the first spiral flow channel. The vent pipe 2 is provided with air holes 21, all of which are arranged in the first spiral flow channel and below the spiral line corresponding to the first spiral plate 31. Gaseous refrigerant can enter the vent pipe 2 through the air holes 21, and in order to prevent liquid refrigerant from entering the vent pipe 2 through the air holes 21, the air holes 21 are arranged in the upper half of the first spiral flow channel, and the first spiral plate 31 is used to shield liquid refrigerant, so that liquid refrigerant cannot directly flow into the gas collection area 13 through the air holes 21 and the vent pipe 2, thereby ensuring the reliability of the vertical evaporator.

[0052] All the air holes 21 are arranged in a spiral shape, and the spiral line formed by the air holes 21 is parallel to the spiral line of the first spiral plate 31.

[0053] Preferably, the vent pipe 2 is arranged in the middle of the shell 1, the spiral axis of the first spiral plate 31 is collinear with the axis of the vent pipe 2, and the spiral path of the first spiral plate 31 is parallel to the spiral path of the distribution of the air holes 21.

[0054] The gas-liquid separation mechanism further comprises a gas blocking plate 32 arranged between the first spiral plate 31 and the heat exchange area 12, and the gas blocking plate 32 is provided with a through hole 321 for refrigerant to pass through. The gas blocking plate 32 shields the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the first spiral flow channel to a certain extent, so that the liquid refrigerant does not directly impact the corresponding structure in the shell 1 and the heat exchange area 12, thereby avoiding noise and liquid level fluctuation in the gas-liquid separation area 11, ensuring uniform liquid pressure in the heat exchange area 12, ensuring the distribution effect of refrigerant entering the heat exchange area 12, and further ensuring the heat exchange effect of the vertical heat exchanger.

[0055] The baffle plate 32 is formed with a flow area 322 and a passing area 323, all the through holes 321 are uniformly distributed in the passing area 323, and the lower end of the first spiral flow channel points to the flow area 322. Wherein, the lower end of the first spiral flow channel points to the flow area 322, which means that when the lower end of the first spiral flow channel is continuously extended to the baffle plate 32, the position where the lower end of the first spiral flow channel intersects with the baffle plate 32 is in the flow area 322, that is, no through hole 321 is arranged in the flow area 322, so as to avoid that the gaseous refrigerant flowing downward through the first spiral flow channel at a high speed directly passes through the through hole 321 to the lower side of the gas-liquid separation area 11, the flowing gaseous refrigerant disturbs the liquid level, causes the liquid level fluctuation, the liquid received by the heat exchange area 12 is unevenly pressed, and the refrigerant distribution effect is affected. When no through hole 321 is arranged in the flow area 322, the gaseous refrigerant first flows in the area and then changes the downward flow direction to a surrounding flow direction, so as to reduce the blowing of the liquid, and the liquid distribution is more uniform. At the same time, the gaseous refrigerant flows around, blows the liquid above the baffle plate 32 to flow through the through hole 321, so that the through hole 321 at the farthest end can also well pass the liquid refrigerant, and the liquid uniformization effect of the baffle plate 32 is increased.

[0056] The baffle plate 32 is circular, and the central angle of the flow area 322 corresponds to an angle range of 30° to 150°. Wherein, the angle of the flow area 322 is determined according to the flow speed of the gaseous refrigerant (such as under different working conditions), the distance between the lower end of the first spiral plate 31 and the baffle plate 32, etc. For example, the flow speed of the gaseous refrigerant is small, and the distance is small, the area blown by the gaseous refrigerant to the baffle plate 32 is more concentrated, and the central angle of the flow area 322 corresponding to the flow area 322 can be smaller.

[0057] The helix angle of the first spiral plate 31 is in an angle range of 30° to 80°. It is determined according to the flow speed of the gaseous refrigerant in the first spiral flow channel, the flow area of the first spiral flow channel, the diameter of the air pipe 2, the inner diameter of the shell 1, etc. Wherein, under the condition of the same height, the greater the helix angle, the smaller the pitch of the first spiral plate 31, and the longer the flow channel of the first spiral flow channel.

[0058] The pitch of the first spiral plate 31 gradually increases along the axial direction of the air pipe 2 downward. That is, the helix angle gradually decreases, so that the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing to the baffle plate 32 tends to be horizontal flow, at this time, the air flow speed is small, which can avoid that the gaseous flow speed is too fast to disturb the liquid level, cause the liquid level fluctuation, and further increase the liquid uniformization effect of the baffle plate 32.

[0059] Preferably, the edge of the first spiral plate 31 is sealingly arranged between the inner surface of the shell 1.

[0060] As another implementable manner, the width of the first spiral plate 31 gradually decreases along the direction from the upper end of the shell 1 to the lower end of the shell 1, that is, the gap between the first spiral plate 31 and the inner surface of the shell 1 corresponding to the first spiral plate 31 gradually increases, so that part of the refrigerant can flow directly to the upper side of the baffle 32 through the gap, ensuring that more refrigerant exists at the through hole 321 away from the outlet of the first spiral flow channel, and increasing the liquid equalization effect of the baffle 32.

[0061] The heat exchange mechanism comprises: an upper refrigerant partition plate 41 arranged in the shell 1 to separate the gas-liquid separation area 11 and the heat exchange area 12; a lower refrigerant partition plate 42 arranged in the shell 1 and arranged below the upper refrigerant partition plate 41 to separate the heat exchange area 12 and the gas collection area 13; and heat exchange pipes 43, at least part of which penetrates the upper refrigerant partition plate 41 to communicate with the gas-liquid separation area 11, and at least part of which penetrates the lower refrigerant partition plate 42 to communicate with the gas collection area 13. The liquid refrigerant in the gas-liquid separation area 11 is blocked by the upper refrigerant partition plate 41, so that the liquid refrigerant can only enter the heat exchange area 12 through the heat exchange pipes 43 for heat exchange, and the lower refrigerant partition plate 42 can prevent the gaseous refrigerant in the gas collection area 13 from entering the heat exchange area 12, and prevent the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange area 12 from entering the gas collection area 13 to mix the refrigerant and the heat transfer medium, thereby preventing damage to the vertical evaporator and even the air conditioning unit.

[0062] The heat exchange mechanism further comprises: an upper refrigerant distribution plate 44 which, together with the upper refrigerant partition plate 41, forms an upper refrigerant distribution cavity 45; a lower refrigerant distribution plate 46 which, together with the lower refrigerant partition plate 42, forms a lower refrigerant distribution cavity 47; and the gas-liquid separation area 11 and the lower refrigerant distribution cavity 47, the lower refrigerant distribution cavity 47 and the upper refrigerant distribution cavity 45, and the upper refrigerant distribution cavity 45 and the gas collection area 13 are communicated through the heat exchange pipes 43. The upper refrigerant distribution cavity 45 and the lower refrigerant distribution cavity 47 form a refrigerant distribution area, and the refrigerant flows in an S shape in the heat exchange area 12 according to the different connections of the heat exchange pipes 43, thereby increasing the heat exchange distance and heat exchange effect of the refrigerant in the heat exchange area 12, ensuring that the refrigerant finally flowing into the gas collection area 13 is gaseous refrigerant, and ensuring the heat exchange effect of the vertical evaporator.

[0063] Preferably, the heat exchange mechanism further comprises an upper distribution ring and a lower distribution ring. The upper distribution ring is arranged between the upper refrigerant distribution plate 44 and the upper refrigerant partition plate 41, and the upper distribution ring, together with the upper refrigerant distribution plate 44, the upper refrigerant partition plate 41 and the corresponding inner surface of the shell 1, encloses an annular upper refrigerant distribution cavity 45, and the inside of the upper distribution ring is directly penetrated by the heat exchange pipe 43 without liquid refrigerant. The lower distribution ring is arranged between the lower refrigerant distribution plate 46 and the lower refrigerant partition plate 42, and the lower distribution ring, together with the lower refrigerant distribution plate 46 and the lower refrigerant partition plate 42, encloses a circular lower refrigerant distribution cavity 47, and the annular area between the lower distribution ring, the lower refrigerant distribution plate 46, the lower refrigerant partition plate 42 and the corresponding inner surface of the shell 1 is directly penetrated by the heat exchange pipe 43 without refrigerant.

[0064] The heat exchange pipe 43 comprises a first flow heat exchange pipe 431, a second flow heat exchange pipe 432 and a third flow heat exchange pipe 433. The gas-liquid separation area 11 and the lower refrigerant distribution cavity 47 are communicated through the first flow heat exchange pipe 431, the lower refrigerant distribution cavity 47 and the upper refrigerant distribution cavity 45 are communicated through the second flow heat exchange pipe 432, and the upper refrigerant distribution cavity 45 and the gas collection area 13 are communicated through the third flow heat exchange pipe 433. Liquid refrigerant enters the gas collection area 13 after sequentially passing through the first flow heat exchange pipe 431, the lower refrigerant distribution cavity 47, the second flow heat exchange pipe 432, the upper refrigerant distribution cavity 45 and the third flow heat exchange pipe 433, realizing S-shaped flow of the refrigerant. At the same time, the second flow heat exchange pipe 432 can make the liquid refrigerant flow downward under the action of gravity to realize sufficient heat exchange, and the third flow heat exchange pipe 433 can make the remaining liquid refrigerant exchange heat again, thereby ensuring that the refrigerant entering the gas collection area 13 is all gaseous refrigerant.

[0065] Preferably, the upper end of the first flow heat exchange pipe 431 is flush with the lower surface of the gas-liquid separation area 11; and / or, the lower end of the first flow heat exchange pipe 431 is flush with the upper surface of the lower refrigerant distribution cavity 47; and / or, the lower end of the second flow heat exchange pipe 432 is flush with the upper surface of the lower refrigerant distribution cavity 47; and / or, the upper end of the second flow heat exchange pipe 432 is flush with the lower surface of the upper refrigerant distribution cavity 45; and / or, the upper end of the third flow heat exchange pipe 433 is flush with the lower surface of the upper refrigerant distribution cavity 45; and / or, the lower end of the third flow heat exchange pipe 433 is flush with the upper surface of the gas collection area 13. By flush arrangement, refrigerant accumulation in the corresponding area can be avoided as much as possible to affect the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger.

[0066] The number of the first flow heat exchange pipes 431 is less than or equal to the number of the second flow heat exchange pipes 432; and / or, the number of the second flow heat exchange pipes 432 is less than or equal to the number of the third flow heat exchange pipes 433. Since the longer the refrigerant flow in the heat exchange area 12, the greater the proportion of gaseous refrigerant and the greater the volume flow during the evaporation process, the increase in the number of heat exchange pipes 43 can reduce the gas flow rate. High gas flow rate will result in large pressure loss of refrigerant flow, which will reduce the energy efficiency of the unit. In the present application, the total flow area of the refrigerant inside the pipes is gradually increased by the first flow heat exchange pipes 431, the second flow heat exchange pipes 432 and the third flow heat exchange pipes 433, which can reduce the refrigerant flow rate and pressure loss, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the unit.

[0067] Specifically, as shown in the figure, Figure 3 The first flow heat exchange pipes 431 are in a first circular distribution, the second flow heat exchange pipes 432 are in a second circular distribution, and the third flow heat exchange pipes 433 are in a third circular distribution, and the diameter of the first circle is smaller than the diameter of the second circle; and / or, the diameter of the second circle is smaller than the diameter of the third circle. By gradually increasing the diameter of the first circle, the second circle and the third circle, it is convenient to arrange the first flow heat exchange pipes 431, the second flow heat exchange pipes 432 and the third flow heat exchange pipes 433 with gradually increasing number.

[0068] Preferably, the center of the first circle, the center of the second circle and the center of the third circle are on the axis of the air pipe 2.

[0069] The heat exchange mechanism further comprises a second spiral plate 48, which is arranged between the upper refrigerant partition plate 41 and the lower refrigerant partition plate 42, and the second spiral plate 48 forms a second spiral flow channel in the heat exchange area 12. The use of the second spiral flow channel enables the chilled carrier entering the heat exchange area 12 to fully exchange heat with the heat exchange pipes 43, thereby effectively increasing the heat exchange efficiency of the vertical heat exchanger. At the same time, since the heat exchange pipes 43 are uniformly distributed in the heat exchange area 12, the second spiral flow channel enables the chilled carrier to flow through all the heat exchange pipes 43, thereby ensuring the heat exchange efficiency of each heat exchange pipe 43.

[0070] Preferably, the cross section of the shell 1, the cross section of the air pipe 2, the upper refrigerant partition plate 41, the upper refrigerant distribution plate 44, the lower refrigerant distribution plate 46 and the lower refrigerant partition plate 42 are all circular and their axes are collinear, the axes of all the heat exchange pipes 43 are parallel to the axis of the shell 1, and the axis of the first spiral plate 31 and the axis of the second spiral plate 48 are also collinear with the axis of the shell 1.

[0071] The shell 1 is provided with a carrier refrigerant inlet 14 and a carrier refrigerant outlet 15 which communicate with the heat exchange area 12, and the carrier refrigerant inlet 14 communicates with one end of the second spiral flow channel, and the carrier refrigerant outlet 15 communicates with the other end of the second spiral flow channel. The carrier refrigerant flows into the heat exchange area 12 through the carrier refrigerant inlet 14, so that the refrigerant flows through the second spiral flow channel and exchanges heat with the heat exchange pipe 43, and is finally discharged from the carrier refrigerant outlet 15.

[0072] The carrier refrigerant inlet 14 is located above the carrier refrigerant outlet 15. The carrier refrigerant flows downward along the second spiral flow channel under the action of gravity, and there is no flow dead zone in the process of flowing, avoiding the problem of carrier refrigerant accumulation in the heat exchange area 12.

[0073] The shell 1 is provided with a refrigerant inlet 16 which communicates with the gas-liquid separation area 11 and a refrigerant outlet 17 which communicates with the gas collection area 13. The refrigerant inlet 16 is located above the refrigerant outlet 17, and the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separation area 11 from the refrigerant inlet 16, is separated by the gas-liquid separation area 11 in sequence, part of the gaseous refrigerant directly flows into the gas collection area 13 through the air pipe 2, the remaining refrigerant enters the heat exchange area 12 for heat exchange, and is finally discharged into the gas collection area 13, and finally discharged from the refrigerant outlet 17, completing the heat exchange of the refrigerant.

[0074] When the vertical evaporator is converted to operate in the working condition, if the throttle valve opening degree is not adjusted in time, there may be a problem of liquid refrigerant entrained in gaseous refrigerant at the refrigerant outlet 17, which causes liquid entrainment in the compressor suction, affecting the operation reliability of the unit. In order to prevent liquid refrigerant from existing at the refrigerant outlet 17, the gas collection area 13 is provided with a liquid blocking plate 51, the liquid blocking plate 51 is located below the lower refrigerant partition plate 42, and the refrigerant outlet 17 is located below the liquid blocking plate 51. The liquid blocking plate 51 blocks the refrigerant discharged from the third flow heat exchange pipe 433, so that the refrigerant collides with the liquid blocking plate 51 to produce the effect of gas-liquid separation, and the refrigerant outlet 17 is located below the liquid blocking plate 51, so that the liquid blocking plate 51 can block the liquid refrigerant that may enter the refrigerant outlet 17, so as to reduce the liquid refrigerant at the refrigerant outlet 17 as much as possible, and prevent the problem of liquid entrainment in the compressor suction.

[0075] The gas collection area 13 is provided with a liquid filter plate 52, the liquid filter plate 52 is located below the liquid blocking plate 51, the refrigerant outlet 17 is located between the liquid blocking plate 51 and the liquid filter plate 52, and the liquid filter plate 52 is provided with a liquid filter hole. The liquid refrigerant entering the gas collection area 13 can enter and accumulate at the bottom of the gas collection area 13 through the filtering effect of the liquid filter hole of the liquid filter plate 52.

[0076] The liquid refrigerant accumulated at the bottom of the gas collection area 13 can be exchanged with the outside environment through the shell 1, gradually absorbing heat and evaporating into gas phase. When the vertical heat exchanger is stably running, the superheated gaseous refrigerant discharged from the third flow heat exchange pipe 433 has a higher temperature than the liquid refrigerant at the bottom of the gas collection area 13, and the liquid refrigerant will absorb heat and evaporate into gas phase. Finally, the stored liquid refrigerant will finally absorb heat and become gaseous refrigerant and return to the compressor through the refrigerant outlet 17.

[0077] In order to further increase the gas-liquid separation effect in the gas collection area 13, a plurality of baffles 53 are arranged in the gas collection area 13, and all the baffles 53 are staggered between the liquid blocking plate 51 and the liquid filtering plate 52. The refrigerant flowing in the gas collection area 13 will collide with the baffles 53 to achieve the gas-liquid separation effect. Small liquid droplets gradually gather into large liquid droplets under the action of gravity and air flow blowing, and flow downward to converge above the liquid filtering plate, and are stored at the bottom of the gas collection area through the liquid filtering hole.

[0078] Some of the baffles 53 are arranged on the liquid filtering plate 52, and at the connection between the baffle 53 and the liquid filtering plate 52, the liquid filtering hole is arranged on the liquid filtering plate 52. So that the liquid refrigerant flowing down from the baffle 53 directly flows into the lower part of the liquid filtering plate through the liquid filtering hole, and will not be accumulated on the liquid filtering plate and be blown up again by the gaseous refrigerant, further improving the gas-liquid separation effect.

[0079] An air conditioning unit comprising the vertical heat exchanger described above.

[0080] The above-described embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vertical heat exchanger, characterized in that: include: The shell (1) has a gas-liquid separation region (11), a heat exchange region (12) and a gas collection region (13) connected in sequence along the direction from the upper end to the lower end of the shell (1). A gas-liquid separation mechanism is disposed within the gas-liquid separation area (11); A heat exchange mechanism is disposed within the heat exchange area (12); Ventilation pipe (2), the gas-liquid separation area (11) and the gas collection area (13) are connected through the ventilation pipe (2); The gas-liquid separation mechanism includes a first spiral plate (31), which is disposed in the gas-liquid separation region (11) and forms a first spiral flow channel in the gas-liquid separation region (11); The ventilation pipe (2) is provided with air passage holes (21), at least some of the air passage holes (21) are provided in the first spiral flow channel, and the air passage holes (21) are located below the spiral line corresponding to the first spiral plate (31); The heat exchange mechanism includes: Upper refrigerant baffle (41) is disposed inside the housing (1) to separate the gas-liquid separation area (11) and the heat exchange area (12). A lower refrigerant baffle (42) is disposed inside the housing (1) and is disposed below the upper refrigerant baffle (41) to separate the heat exchange area (12) and the gas collection area (13). The heat exchange tube (43) is at least partially connected to the gas-liquid separation region (11) through the upper refrigerant baffle (41), and at least partially connected to the gas collection region (13) through the lower refrigerant baffle (42). The heat exchange mechanism also includes: The upper refrigerant distribution plate (44) and the upper refrigerant partition plate (41) together form the upper refrigerant distribution cavity (45). The lower refrigerant distribution plate (46) and the lower refrigerant partition plate (42) together form the lower refrigerant distribution cavity (47). The gas-liquid separation region (11) and the lower refrigerant distribution chamber (47), the lower refrigerant distribution chamber (47) and the upper refrigerant distribution chamber (45), and the upper refrigerant distribution chamber (45) and the gas collection region (13) are respectively connected by the heat exchange tube (43); The heat exchange tube (43) includes a first process heat exchange tube (431), a second process heat exchange tube (432) and a third process heat exchange tube (433) connected in sequence. The gas-liquid separation region (11) and the lower refrigerant distribution chamber (47) are connected through the first process heat exchange tube (431). The lower refrigerant distribution chamber (47) and the upper refrigerant distribution chamber (45) are connected through the second process heat exchange tube (432). The upper refrigerant distribution chamber (45) and the gas collection region (13) are connected through the third process heat exchange tube (433).

2. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separation mechanism further includes a baffle plate (32), which is disposed between the first spiral plate (31) and the heat exchange area (12), and the baffle plate (32) is provided with a through hole (321) for refrigerant to pass through.

3. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle plate (32) has a flow area (322) and a passage area (323) formed on it. All the through holes (321) are evenly distributed in the passage area (323), and the lower end of the first spiral flow channel points to the flow area (322).

4. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The baffle plate (32) is circular, and the central angle of the flow area (322) is in the range of 30° to 150°.

5. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The helix angle of the first spiral plate (31) ranges from 30° to 80°.

6. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the axial direction of the vent pipe (2), the pitch of the first spiral plate (31) gradually increases.

7. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first process heat exchange tubes (431) is less than or equal to the number of the second process heat exchange tubes (432); and / or, the number of the second process heat exchange tubes (432) is less than or equal to the number of the third process heat exchange tubes (433).

8. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first process heat exchange tube (431) is arranged in a first circular pattern, the second process heat exchange tube (432) is arranged in a second circular pattern, and the third process heat exchange tube (433) is arranged in a third circular pattern. The center of the first circle, the center of the second circle, and the center of the third circle are all located on the axis of the vent pipe (2), and the diameter of the first circle is less than or equal to the diameter of the second circle; and / or, the diameter of the second circle is less than or equal to the diameter of the third circle.

9. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange mechanism further includes a second spiral plate (48), which is disposed between the upper refrigerant baffle (41) and the lower refrigerant baffle (42), and the second spiral plate (48) forms a second spiral flow channel in the heat exchange area (12).

10. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a refrigerant inlet (14) and a refrigerant outlet (15) that communicate with the heat exchange area (12), and the refrigerant inlet (14) is connected to one end of the second spiral channel, and the refrigerant outlet (15) is connected to the other end of the second spiral channel.

11. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 10, characterized in that: The refrigerant inlet (14) is located above the refrigerant outlet (15).

12. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) is provided with a refrigerant inlet (16) communicating with the gas-liquid separation region (11) and a refrigerant outlet (17) communicating with the gas collection region (13).

13. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle plate (51) is provided in the gas collection area (13). The baffle plate (51) is located below the lower refrigerant partition (42). A refrigerant outlet (17) is connected to the gas collection area (13) on the housing (1). The refrigerant outlet (17) is located below the baffle plate (51).

14. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 13, characterized in that: A filter plate (52) is provided in the gas collection area (13). The filter plate (52) is located below the baffle plate (51). The refrigerant outlet (17) is located between the baffle plate (51) and the filter plate (52). The filter plate (52) is provided with filter holes.

15. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 14, characterized in that: The gas collection area (13) is provided with multiple baffles (53), and all the baffles (53) are staggered between the liquid baffle (51) and the liquid filter (52).

16. The vertical heat exchanger according to claim 15, characterized in that: Part of the baffle plate (53) is disposed on the filter plate (52), and at the connection between the baffle plate (53) and the filter plate (52), the filter plate (52) is provided with filter holes.

17. An air conditioning unit, characterized in that: The vertical heat exchanger includes any one of claims 1 to 16.

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