A power module

Abstract

The application provides a power module, comprising a voltage limiting circuit, a first output power and a second output power connected in series, and a negative electrode of the first output power is connected with a positive electrode of the second output power. The voltage limiting circuit can limit the output voltage of the second output power, avoid the situation that the output voltage of the second output power continuously rises or falls, and realize the prevention of overvoltage of the equipment connected with the output power in the power module. A power supply end of a clamping module in the voltage limiting circuit is used for connecting the positive bus, and a reference voltage end is used for connecting the negative electrode of the second output power; an output end of the clamping module comprises at least one of a first output end and a second output end, the first output end is used for outputting a first target voltage, and the second output end is used for outputting a second target voltage; a clamping switch module controls the connection between the output end of the clamping module and the positive electrode of the second output power to be turned on or turned off in response to the change of the output voltage of the second output power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power electronics technology, and more particularly to a power supply module. Background Technology

[0002] Existing power conversion systems employ a series input and parallel output topology. The power supply module powering this system has multiple output power supplies, which are connected in series between the positive and negative buses. For example... Figure 1 As shown, output power supply 1 and output power supply 2 are connected in series between the positive bus and the negative bus. In the existing power conversion system, DC-DC converter 1 and DC-DC converter 2 can obtain input voltage from output power supply 1 and output power supply 2 respectively, and the output side of DC-DC converter 1 is connected in parallel with the output side of DC-DC converter 2.

[0003] Existing power conversion systems also include auxiliary power supplies for each DC-DC converter. These auxiliary power supplies provide power to the control chips or driver chips of the switching transistors within the corresponding DC-DC converters. For example... Figure 1 The diagram shows auxiliary power supply 1 for DC-DC converter 1 and auxiliary power supply 2 for DC-DC converter 2. The positive and negative input terminals of auxiliary power supply 1 are connected to the positive and negative output terminals of the output power supply, and the positive and negative input terminals of auxiliary power supply 2 are connected to the positive and negative output terminals of the output power supply 2. In existing technology, through active adjustment of the DC-DC converters, the control chips of DC-DC converter 1 and DC-DC converter 2 can communicate and exchange power parameters, such as input current or input voltage. Then, based on the exchanged power parameters, the input power of DC-DC converter 1 and DC-DC converter 2 is adjusted so that the total power of DC-DC converter 1 and auxiliary power supply 1 is the same as the total power of DC-DC converter 2 and auxiliary power supply 2, thereby ensuring that the input voltage of both output power supply 1 and output power supply 2 is half of the bus voltage Vin.

[0004] In one operating mode of the power conversion system, neither DC-DC converter 1 nor DC-DC converter 2 is operational, and the positive and negative buses charge the auxiliary power supplies. The aforementioned active regulation method for the DC-DC converters cannot be implemented. Furthermore, in existing power conversion systems, the control chips of the auxiliary power supplies lack communication capabilities; they cannot exchange power parameters such as input current or input voltage, and the auxiliary power supplies cannot actively adjust the input power of auxiliary power supplies 1 and 2. Ideally, the input power of auxiliary power supply 1 is the same as that of auxiliary power supply 2, and the output voltage of output power supply 1 is the same as that of output power supply 2. However, in practical applications, due to factors such as equipment losses, there is a deviation in the input power of auxiliary power supplies 1 and 2, which can easily cause the power devices in the auxiliary power supply modules to fail due to overvoltage.

[0005] For example, when the input power of auxiliary power supply 2 is greater than the input power of auxiliary power supply 1, the output voltage of output power supply 2 continuously decreases while the output voltage of output power supply 1 continuously increases. This continuous increase in the output voltage of output power supply 1 can easily cause the power devices in auxiliary power supply 1 to fail due to overvoltage. Similarly, when the input power of auxiliary power supply 1 is greater than the input power of auxiliary power supply 2, the output voltage of output power supply 1 continuously decreases while the output voltage of output power supply 2 continuously increases. This results in excessively high voltage in output power supply 2, which can easily cause the power devices in auxiliary power supply 2 to fail due to overvoltage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a power supply module in which a voltage limiting circuit can limit the output voltage of the power supply to avoid the output voltage of the power supply from continuously rising or falling, thereby preventing overvoltage of the devices connected to the output power supply.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a power module, which may include a first output power supply and a second output power supply. The first output power supply and the second output power supply are connected in series to the positive bus and negative bus of the power module, respectively. The negative terminal of the first output power supply is connected to the positive terminal of the second output power supply. The voltage limiting circuit may include a clamping module and a clamping switch module. The power supply terminal of the clamping module is used to connect to the positive bus, and the reference voltage terminal of the clamping module is used to connect to the negative terminal of the second output power supply. The clamping module can obtain electrical energy from the power supply terminal and the reference voltage terminal. The output terminal of the clamping module may include at least one of a first output terminal and a second output terminal. The first output terminal can output a first target voltage, and the second output terminal can output a second target voltage. The first target voltage is less than the rated output voltage of the second output power supply, and the second target voltage is greater than the rated output voltage of the second output power supply.

[0008] A clamping switch module is connected between the output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply. Fluctuations in the input power of the devices connected to each output power supply will cause fluctuations in the output voltage of each output power supply. The clamping switch module can respond to changes in the output voltage of the second output power supply by controlling whether the connection between the output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply is turned on or off. Specifically, when the connection between the output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply is turned on, the output terminal of the clamping module is connected to the positive terminal of the second output power supply, limiting the voltage at the positive terminal of the second output power supply to the voltage provided by the output terminal of the clamping module. This achieves voltage limiting of the output voltage of the second output power supply and can protect the devices connected to the output power supply in the power module. The clamping switch module in the voltage limiting circuit can perform at least one of the following operations.

[0009] Example 1: The clamping switch module can respond to a situation where the output voltage of the second output power supply is less than the first target voltage by controlling the connection between the first output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply. This connects the first output terminal to the positive terminal of the second output power supply, limiting the voltage at the positive terminal of the second output power supply to the first target voltage. This prevents the output voltage of the second output power supply from continuously decreasing, thereby preventing the output voltage of the first output power supply from continuously increasing and avoiding overvoltage in the device connected to the first output power supply. Alternatively, the clamping switch module can respond to a situation where the output voltage of the second output power supply is greater than the first target voltage by controlling the connection between the first output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply. Therefore, when the output voltage of the second output power supply is greater than the first target voltage, the voltage limiting circuit does not limit the voltage at the positive terminal of the second output power supply.

[0010] In one possible design, the clamping switch module may include a first clamping switch branch. The first clamping switch branch includes a first diode. The anode of the first diode is connected to the first output terminal, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the positive terminal of the second output power supply. The first diode can be in a conducting state in response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being less than the first target voltage, thereby establishing a connection between the first output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply. Conversely, the first diode can be in a cut-off state in response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being greater than the first target voltage, thereby disconnecting the connection between the first output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply.

[0011] For example, the first diode may be in a conducting state in response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being less than the first target voltage, and the difference between the first target voltage and the output voltage of the second output power supply reaching the conduction voltage of the first diode.

[0012] Example 2: The clamping switch module can respond to a situation where the output voltage of the second output power supply is greater than the second target voltage, by controlling the connection between the second output terminal and the positive terminal of the second output power supply to be turned on, thus limiting the voltage at the positive terminal of the second output power supply to the second target voltage. This prevents the output voltage of the second output power supply from continuously rising and avoids overvoltage in the devices connected to the second output power supply. The clamping switch module can also respond to a situation where the output voltage of the second output power supply is less than the second target voltage, by controlling the connection between the second output terminal and the positive terminal of the second output power supply to be turned off. Therefore, when the output voltage of the second output power supply is less than the second target voltage, the voltage limiting circuit does not limit the voltage at the positive terminal of the second output power supply.

[0013] In one possible design, the clamping switch module includes a second clamping switch branch. This second clamping switch branch may include a second diode. The anode of the second diode is connected to the positive terminal of the second output power supply, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the second output terminal. The second diode can be in a conducting state in response to the second output terminal power supply voltage being greater than the second target voltage, connecting the second output terminal of the clamping module to the positive terminal of the second output power supply. Conversely, the second diode can be in a cut-off state in response to the second output voltage being less than the second target voltage, disconnecting the connection between the second output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply.

[0014] For example, the second diode may be in a conducting state in response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being greater than the second target voltage, and the difference between the output voltage of the second output power supply and the second target voltage reaching the conduction voltage of the second diode.

[0015] In one possible design, the clamping module includes a first clamping branch for outputting the first target voltage. The first clamping branch may include a first voltage divider branch, a first capacitor unit, and a first switching transistor. The first voltage divider branch includes a first voltage divider unit and a second voltage divider unit connected in series between the power supply terminal and the reference voltage terminal. The connection point between the first voltage divider unit and the second voltage divider unit is used to provide the first control voltage. The first capacitor unit can be used to provide the first target voltage to the first output terminal. The first switching transistor can be used to control the power supply terminal to charge the first capacitor unit in response to the difference between the first control voltage and the voltage of the first capacitor unit being less than or equal to the on-state voltage of the first switching transistor.

[0016] In this embodiment of the application, the first capacitor unit in the first clamping branch can provide a first target voltage to the first output terminal, and the first voltage divider branch and the first switching transistor can control the charging of the first capacitor unit, so that the first capacitor unit can stably provide the first target voltage to the first output terminal.

[0017] In one possible design, the two ends of the first voltage divider unit are respectively connected to the power supply terminal and the gate of the first switching transistor, the two ends of the second voltage divider unit are respectively connected to the reference level terminal and the gate of the first switching transistor, the first capacitor unit is connected between the reference voltage terminal and the source of the first switching transistor, and the drain of the first switching transistor is connected to the power supply terminal.

[0018] In this embodiment, the first voltage divider unit and the second voltage divider unit function as voltage dividers, dividing the voltage between the power supply terminal and the reference level terminal. The ratio of the voltage of the second voltage divider unit to the voltage between the power supply terminal and the reference level terminal is fixed. When the voltage between the power supply terminal and the reference level terminal changes, the voltage of the second voltage divider unit also changes, that is, the first control voltage changes, changing the voltage at the gate of the first switching transistor, thereby changing the first target output voltage. It can be seen that the first target voltage provided by the first output terminal of the voltage limiting circuit can adaptively change the voltage between the power supply terminal and the reference level terminal.

[0019] In one possible design, the first voltage divider unit includes at least one resistor; or, the second voltage divider unit includes at least one resistor; or, the first capacitor unit includes at least one capacitor.

[0020] In one possible design, the clamping module includes a second clamping branch. The second clamping branch is used to output the second target voltage and may include a second voltage divider branch, a second capacitor unit, and a second switch. The second voltage divider branch includes a third voltage divider unit and a fourth voltage divider unit, which are connected in series between the power supply terminal and the reference voltage terminal. The connection point between the fourth voltage divider units is used to provide the first control voltage. The second capacitor unit is used to provide the second target voltage to the second output terminal. The second switch is used to control the power supply terminal to charge the first capacitor unit in response to a difference between the second control voltage and the voltage of the second capacitor unit being less than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the second switch.

[0021] In this embodiment, the second capacitor unit in the second clamping branch can provide a second target voltage to the second output terminal, and the second voltage divider branch and the second switch can control the charging of the second capacitor unit, so that the second capacitor unit can stably provide a second target voltage to the second output terminal.

[0022] In one possible design, the two ends of the third voltage divider unit are respectively connected to the power supply terminal and the gate of the second switching transistor; the two ends of the fourth voltage divider unit are respectively connected to the reference voltage terminal and the gate of the second switching transistor; the second capacitor unit is connected between the power supply terminal and the source of the second switching transistor; and the drain of the second switching transistor is connected to the reference voltage terminal.

[0023] In this embodiment, the third and fourth voltage divider units function as voltage dividers, dividing the voltage between the power supply terminal and the reference level terminal. The ratio of the voltage of the fourth voltage divider unit to the voltage between the power supply terminal and the reference level terminal is fixed. When the voltage between the power supply terminal and the reference level terminal changes, the voltage of the fourth voltage divider unit also changes, i.e., the second control voltage changes, altering the voltage at the gate of the second switching transistor, thereby changing the second target output voltage. It is evident that the second target voltage provided by the second output terminal of the voltage limiting circuit can adaptively adapt to changes in the voltage between the power supply terminal and the reference level terminal.

[0024] In one possible design, the third voltage divider unit includes at least one resistor; or, the fourth voltage divider unit includes at least one resistor; or, the second capacitor unit includes at least one capacitor.

[0025] In one possible design, the power module further includes a third output power supply and another voltage limiting circuit. The first output power supply, the second output power supply, and the third output power supply are connected in series with the positive bus and the negative bus. The positive terminal of the third output power supply is connected to the negative terminal of the second output power supply, and the negative terminal of the third output power supply is connected to the negative bus. The other voltage limiting circuit includes: another clamping module, the power supply terminal of which is connected to the positive bus, the reference voltage terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal of the third output power supply, and the output terminal of which includes at least one of another first output terminal and another second output terminal. The other first output terminal is used to output a third target voltage, and the other second output terminal is used to output a fourth target voltage. The third target voltage is less than the rated output voltage of the third output power supply, and the fourth target voltage is greater than the rated output voltage of the third output power supply. Another clamping switch module is connected between the output terminal of the other clamping module and the positive terminal of the third output power supply. The other clamping switch module is used to control the connection between the output terminal of the clamping module of the other voltage limiting circuit and the positive terminal of the third output power supply to be turned on or off in response to the change of the output voltage of the third output power supply.

[0026] In one possible design, the power module further includes a third output power supply and another voltage limiting circuit. The first output power supply, the second output power supply, and the third output power supply are connected in series with the positive bus and the negative bus. The positive terminal of the third output power supply is connected to the negative terminal of the second output power supply, and the negative terminal of the third output power supply is connected to the negative bus. The other voltage limiting circuit includes: another clamping module, the power supply terminal of which is connected to the positive terminal of the second output power supply, the reference voltage terminal of which is connected to the negative terminal of the third output power supply, the output terminal of which includes at least one of another first output terminal and another second output terminal, the other first output terminal being used to output a third target voltage, the other second output terminal being used to output a fourth target voltage, the third target voltage being less than the rated output voltage of the third output power supply, and the fourth target voltage being greater than the rated output voltage of the third output power supply; and another clamping switch module connected between the output terminal of the other clamping module and the positive terminal of the third output power supply, the other clamping switch module being used to control the connection between the output terminal of the clamping module of the other voltage limiting circuit and the positive terminal of the third output power supply to be turned on or off in response to changes in the output voltage of the third output power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the topology of an existing power conversion system;

[0028] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of the power module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of the output power supply in a power module;

[0030] Figure 2C This is a schematic diagram of the output power supply in another type of power supply module;

[0031] Figure 2D This is a schematic diagram of a voltage limiting circuit.

[0032] Figure 2E This is a schematic diagram of another voltage limiting circuit;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a voltage limiting circuit.

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another voltage limiting circuit.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of another voltage limiting circuit;

[0036] Figure 6AThis is a schematic diagram of a power module used in a power conversion system.

[0037] Figure 6B This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a power module;

[0038] Figure 6C A schematic diagram of the specific structure of another type of power module;

[0039] Figure 6D This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of another type of power module;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a power module used in a power conversion system.

[0041] Figure 8A This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a power module;

[0042] Figure 8B A schematic diagram of the specific structure of another type of power module;

[0043] Figure 9A This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of another type of power module;

[0044] Figure 9B This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of another type of power module;

[0045] Figure 10A This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of another type of power module;

[0046] Figure 10B This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of another type of power module. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operational methods in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments. It should be noted that in the description of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, where "multiple" refers to two or more. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, "multiple" can also be understood as "at least two". "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship. Furthermore, it should be understood that in the description of this application, words such as "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing the purpose of description and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0048] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "connection" can be understood as electrical connection. The connection between two electrical components can be a direct or indirect coupling between the two electrical components. For example, the connection between A and B can be a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through one or more other electrical components, such as the connection between A and B. Alternatively, it can be a direct connection between A and C, a direct connection between C and B, with A and B connected through C.

[0049] The power module provided in this application embodiment may include multiple output power supplies. These multiple output power supplies are connected in series between a positive bus and a negative bus. Each output power supply has a positive terminal and a negative terminal. Each output power supply is used to provide input voltage to different devices. The power module also includes voltage limiting circuits corresponding to two of the multiple output power supply modules connected together. The power module provided in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Figure 2A The diagram shows two output power supplies in the power module and their corresponding voltage limiting circuits. For ease of explanation, these two output power supplies are referred to as output power supply 1 and output power supply 2, respectively. Output power supply 1 and output power supply 2 are connected in series, and the negative terminal of output power supply 1 is connected to the positive terminal of output power supply 2. In the power module provided in this application, output power supply 1 can be an auxiliary power supply directly connected to the positive bus, that is, the positive terminal of output power supply 1 can be connected to the positive bus. Alternatively, output power supply 1 can be connected to the positive bus through other auxiliary power supplies, that is, the positive terminal of output power supply 1 can be connected to the positive bus through other output power supplies.

[0051] The first device is connected to the positive and negative terminals of output power supply 1, which provides input voltage to the first device. The second device is connected to the positive and negative terminals of output power supply 2, which provides input voltage to the second device. The voltage limiting circuits corresponding to output power supply 1 and output power supply 2 can be used to limit the voltage of output power supply 2. Figure 2A The specific connection relationship between the voltage limiting circuit and the multiple output power supplies is not shown. In the accompanying drawings provided in this application, the "arrow" pointing from the voltage limiting circuit to the positive terminal of output power supply 2 is used to indicate that the voltage limiting circuit is used to limit the voltage at the positive terminal of output power supply 2, and does not indicate the specific connection relationship between the voltage limiting circuit and the positive terminal of output power supply 2.

[0052] In one possible design, the power supply module provided in this application embodiment may include a capacitor circuit for each output power source. The capacitor circuit may include multiple capacitors connected in series or multiple capacitors connected in parallel. Figure 2BThe diagram shows the equivalent circuits of two output power supplies in a multi-output power supply module. The capacitor circuit included in output power supply 1 can be equivalent to capacitor Cin1, and the capacitor circuit included in output power supply 2 can be equivalent to capacitor Cin2. Of the two terminals of capacitor Cin1, the high-level terminal can be implemented as the positive terminal of output power supply 1, and the low-level terminal can be implemented as the negative terminal of output power supply 1. Similarly, of the two terminals of capacitor Cin2, the high-level terminal can be implemented as the positive terminal of output power supply 2, and the low-level terminal can be implemented as the negative terminal of output power supply 2.

[0053] In another possible design, the power module provided in this application embodiment includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal for each output power source. The positive and negative output terminals are used to connect to the input capacitor of the device to be charged, and the input capacitor of the device to be charged can obtain electrical energy from the connected positive and negative output terminals. Figure 2C The diagram illustrates the structure of two output power supplies in a multi-output power supply module. Output power supply 1 includes a positive output terminal T1+ and a negative output terminal T1-, and output power supply 2 includes a positive output terminal T2+ and a negative output terminal T2-. The device to be charged may include a DC-DC converter circuit. The two ends of the input capacitor C-H1 in DC-DC converter circuit 1 are connected to the positive output terminal T1+ and the negative output terminal T1-, respectively, allowing DC-DC converter circuit 1 to obtain power from output power supply 1. The two ends of the input capacitor C-H2 in DC-DC converter circuit 2 are connected to the positive output terminal T2+ and the negative output terminal T2-, respectively, allowing DC-DC converter circuit 1 to obtain power from output power supply 2.

[0054] When a power module is used in a power conversion scenario, the first device can be auxiliary power supply 1, and the second device can be auxiliary power supply 2. Typically, the input power of auxiliary power supply 1 and auxiliary power supply 2 are the same. However, due to factors such as auxiliary power supply losses and environmental conditions, there may be discrepancies in the input power of auxiliary power supply 1 and auxiliary power supply 2. If the output voltage of auxiliary power supply 1 and auxiliary power supply 2 are not limited, overvoltage may easily occur in either auxiliary power supply 1 or auxiliary power supply 2.

[0055] In the power module provided in this application embodiment, the voltage limiting circuits corresponding to output power supply 1 and output power supply 2 can be used to clamp the voltage of output power supply 2, controlling the output voltage of output power supply 2 within a certain range, and also keeping the output voltage of output power supply 1 within a certain range, thereby preventing overvoltage of auxiliary power supply 1 or auxiliary power supply 2. The connection relationship between the voltage limiting circuits corresponding to output power supply 1 and output power supply 2 and output power supply 2 is described below with reference to the specific structure of the power module provided in this application embodiment.

[0056] Figure 2DA schematic diagram of a voltage limiting circuit is shown. The voltage limiting circuit may include a clamping module 01 and a clamping switch module 02. The clamping module 01 may have a power supply terminal S1 and a reference voltage terminal S2. The power supply terminal S1 of the clamping module 01 can also be referred to as the power supply terminal of the voltage limiting circuit, and the reference voltage terminal S2 of the clamping module 01 can also be referred to as the reference voltage terminal of the voltage limiting circuit. The power supply terminal S1 is connected to the positive terminal of the output power supply 1, and the reference voltage terminal S2 is connected to the negative terminal of the output power supply 2. In this application, the voltage between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2 of the clamping module 01 is denoted as Vin. For ease of explanation, the voltage at each component in the voltage limiting circuit refers to the voltage relative to the reference voltage terminal S2.

[0057] The clamping module 01 can obtain electrical energy from the positive terminal of the output power supply 1 and the negative terminal of the output power supply 2. The output terminal out of the clamping module 01 can provide at least one of the first target voltage V1 and the second target voltage V2. The output terminal out of the clamping module 01 can be connected to the clamping switch module 02.

[0058] Clamping switch module 02 is connected between the output terminal out of clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of output power supply 2. The first terminal of clamping switch module 02 is connected to the output terminal out of clamping module 01. The second terminal of clamping switch module 02 is connected to the positive terminal of output power supply 2. For ease of explanation, the second terminal of clamping switch module 02 is referred to as the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit in this application. Clamping switch module 02 can respond to changes in the output voltage of output power supply 2, controlling the connection between the output terminal out of clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of output power supply 2 to be turned on or off.

[0059] Figure 2E A schematic diagram of a voltage limiting circuit is shown. The voltage limiting circuit may include a clamping module 01 and a clamping switch module 02. The clamping module 01 may have a power supply terminal S1 and a reference voltage terminal S2. The power supply terminal S1 of the clamping module 01 can also be referred to as the power supply terminal of the voltage limiting circuit, and the reference voltage terminal S2 of the clamping module 01 can also be referred to as the reference voltage terminal of the voltage limiting circuit. The power supply terminal S1 is connected to the positive bus V+, and the reference voltage terminal S2 is connected to the negative terminal of the output power supply 2.

[0060] The clamping module 01 can obtain electrical energy from the positive terminal of the output power supply 1 and the negative terminal of the output power supply 2. The output terminal out of the clamping module 01 can provide at least one of the first target voltage V1 and the second target voltage V2. The output terminal out of the clamping module 01 can be connected to the clamping switch module 02.

[0061] Clamping switch module 02 is connected between the output terminal out of clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of output power supply 2. The first terminal of clamping switch module 02 is connected to the output terminal out of clamping module 01. The second terminal of clamping switch module 02 is connected to the positive terminal of output power supply 2. For ease of explanation, the second terminal of clamping switch module 02 is referred to as the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit in this application. Clamping switch module 02 can respond to changes in the output voltage of output power supply 2, controlling the connection between the output terminal out of clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of output power supply 2 to be turned on or off.

[0062] Output power supply 2 has a rated output voltage. Output power supply 2 can have a preset rated output voltage range. For example, the preset rated output voltage range is [Vmin, Vmax]. The rated output voltage of output power supply 2 can be a value within the preset rated output voltage range. Generally, the first target voltage V1 and the second target voltage V2 are both close to the rated output voltage. Specifically, the first target voltage V1 is less than the rated output voltage of output power supply 2, and the second target voltage V2 is greater than the rated output voltage.

[0063] Furthermore, through the above-mentioned... Figure 2D and Figure 2E The voltage limiting circuit shown in the diagram indicates that the power supply terminal S1 of the clamping module 01 corresponding to output power supply 1 and output power supply 2 can be connected to the positive terminal of auxiliary power supply 1, or the power supply terminal S1 can be connected to the positive bus. It is evident that the power supply terminal S1 of the clamping module 01 has multiple connection methods, and the connection method of the power supply terminal S1 of the clamping module 01 can be selected according to the application scenario. This embodiment of the application does not impose excessive limitations on this.

[0064] To illustrate the voltage limiting function of the voltage limiting circuit for output power supply 2, the following description uses the connection of the power supply terminal S1 of clamping module 01 to the positive terminal of output power supply 1 as an example. The functions of clamping module 01 and clamping switch module 02 can be implemented through different methods to suit various scenarios. The following is based on... Figure 2D The structure of the voltage limiting circuit is shown in the figure, and the specific structure of the voltage limiting circuit provided in this application is introduced in combination with different scenarios.

[0065] In one possible application scenario, the input power of the first device and the input power of the second device are pre-configured, wherein the input power of the second device is greater than the input power of the first device.

[0066] In one possible design, the output terminal *out* of the clamping module 01 may include a first output terminal for providing a first target voltage *V1*. The clamping switch module 02 can, in response to the output voltage of the output power supply 2 being less than the first target voltage *V1*, control the connection between the first output terminal *out*1 of the clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 to conduct, clamping the output power supply 2 and preventing a drop in its output voltage, thereby preventing the output voltage of the output power supply 1 from becoming too high and causing overvoltage in the first device connected to the output power supply 1. The clamping switch module 02 can also, in response to the output voltage of the output power supply 2 being greater than the first target voltage *V1*, control the connection between the first output terminal *out*1 of the clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 to disconnect.

[0067] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a voltage limiting circuit is shown. The power supply terminal S1 of the clamping module 01 is connected to the positive terminal of the output power supply 1, and the reference voltage terminal S2 is connected to the negative terminal of the output power supply 2. The output terminal out of the clamping module 01 of the voltage limiting circuit may include a first output terminal out1, used to output a first target voltage V1. The clamping module 01 may include a first clamping branch 101. The first end of the first clamping branch 101 is connected to the power supply terminal S1 of the clamping module 01, and the second end of the first clamping branch 101 is connected to the reference voltage terminal S2 of the voltage limiting circuit. The third end of the first clamping branch 101 may be connected to the first output terminal out1 of the clamping module 01, or the third end of the first clamping branch 101 may serve as the first output terminal out1 of the clamping module 01.

[0068] The clamping switch module 02 in the voltage limiting circuit may include a first clamping switch branch 102. The first end of the first clamping switch branch 102 is connected to the first output terminal out1 of the clamping module 01, and the second end of the first clamping switch branch 102 is connected to the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit, or the second end of the first clamping switch branch 102 may serve as the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit.

[0069] The first clamping branch 101 can obtain electrical energy from the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2, and provide a first target voltage V1 to the first clamping switch branch 102 through the first output terminal out1. Therefore, the voltage at the first terminal of the first clamping switch branch 102 is the first target voltage V1. In one embodiment, the first target voltage V1 can be less than half of the voltage between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2, that is, V1 is less than half of the voltage between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2. In another embodiment, the first target voltage V1 can be equal to half the voltage between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2, that is, V1 equals In another embodiment, the first target voltage V1 can be greater than half the voltage between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2, that is, V1 is greater than...

[0070] The first clamping switch branch 102 can, in response to the voltage of the output power supply 2 being less than the first target voltage V1, connect the first output terminal out1 to the positive terminal of the output power supply 2. Conversely, the first clamping switch branch 102 can, in response to the voltage of the output power supply 2 being greater than the first target voltage V1, disconnect the connection between the first output terminal out1 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2.

[0071] For example, when the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is less than the first target voltage V1, that is, when the voltage at the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 is less than the first target voltage V1, the first output terminal out1 of the clamping module 01 is connected to the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit, that is, the first output terminal out1 of the clamping module 01 is connected to the positive terminal of the output power supply 2, thereby limiting the output voltage of the output power supply 2, preventing the output voltage of the output power supply 2 from continuing to drop, and ensuring that the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is not less than the first target voltage V1.

[0072] The first clamping switch branch 102 can disconnect the connection between the first output terminal out1 of the clamping module 01 and the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit when the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is greater than the first target voltage V1, that is, when the voltage at the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 is greater than the first target voltage V1. In other words, it disconnects the connection between the first output terminal out1 of the clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2. When the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is equal to the first target voltage V1, the first clamping switch branch 102 can either connect or disconnect the connection between the first output terminal out1 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2.

[0073] The function of the first clamping switch branch 102 can be implemented by a switching device or a diode device. In some examples, the first clamping switch branch 102 may include a first diode D1. The anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first output terminal out1 of the clamping module, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit. When the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is less than the first target voltage V1, and the voltage at the cathode of the first diode D1 is less than the voltage at the anode of the first diode D1, the first diode D1 conducts, and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 is connected to the first output terminal out1 of the clamping module, so that the voltage at the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 is limited to not less than the first target voltage V1.

[0074] For example, the first diode D1 can be in a conducting state when the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is less than the first target voltage V1, and the difference between the first target voltage V1 and the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is greater than or equal to the forward voltage of the first diode D1. That is, when the difference between the voltage at the anode and the voltage at the cathode of the first diode D1 reaches the forward voltage of the first diode D1, the first diode D1 is in a conducting state. The first diode D1 can also be in an open-circuit state, or a cutoff state, when the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is greater than the first target voltage V1.

[0075] In some examples, the aforementioned first clamping branch 101 may include a first voltage divider branch VR1, a first switching transistor NS1, and a first capacitor unit 101C. The first switching transistor NS1 may be an N-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS) device.

[0076] The first terminal of the first capacitor unit 101C is connected to the reference voltage terminal S2, and the second terminal of the first capacitor unit 101C is connected to the first output terminal out1 of the clamping module 01. The first capacitor unit 101C can be used to provide a first target voltage V1 to the first output terminal out.

[0077] In the clamping module 01, the first voltage divider circuit and the first switching transistor NS1 can be used to charge the first capacitor unit 101C, so that the voltage of the first capacitor unit 101C is stabilized at the first target voltage V1. At this time, the voltage at the first terminal of the first capacitor unit 101C is the first target voltage V1. The first voltage divider branch VR1 is connected to the power supply terminal S1, the reference voltage terminal S2, and the gate (G) of the first switching transistor NS1. The first voltage divider branch VR1 can be used to obtain electrical energy from the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2, and provide a first control voltage to the gate (G) of the first switching transistor NS1.

[0078] The first voltage divider branch VR1 may include a first voltage divider unit 101A and a second voltage divider unit 101B. The first voltage divider unit 101A and the second voltage divider unit 101B are connected in series between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2. The two ends of the first voltage divider unit 101A are respectively connected to the power supply terminal S1 and the gate (G) of the first switching transistor NS1. For example, the first end of the first voltage divider unit 101A is connected to the power supply terminal S1, and the second end is connected to the gate (G) of the first switching transistor NS1.

[0079] The two ends of the second voltage divider unit 101B are respectively the reference voltage terminal S2 and the gate (G) of the first switch NS1. For example, the first end of the second voltage divider unit 101B is connected to the gate (G) of the first switch NS1, and the second end is connected to the reference voltage terminal S2. The first voltage divider unit 101A and the second voltage divider unit 101B divide the voltage between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2. The connection point of the first voltage divider unit 101A and the second voltage divider unit 101B is used to provide a first control voltage, denoted as V_R2, to the gate of the first switch NS1. At this time, the voltage at the gate (G) of the first switch NS1 is this first control voltage V_R2.

[0080] The drain (D) of the first switching transistor NS1 is connected to the power supply terminal S1, and the source (S) of the first switching transistor NS1 is connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor unit 101C and to the first output terminal out1. The first switching transistor NS1 can be used to control the power supply terminal S1 to charge the first capacitor unit 101C in response to the difference between the first control voltage V_R2 and the voltage of the first capacitor unit 101C being less than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the first switching transistor NS1. The first switching transistor NS1 connects the power supply terminal S1 to the second terminal of the first capacitor unit 101C, enabling the connection between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2 and the first capacitor unit 101C, thus charging the first capacitor unit 101C. Alternatively, when the difference between the voltage at the gate (G) of the first switching transistor NS1 and the voltage at the source (S) of the first switching transistor NS1 is less than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the first switching transistor NS1, the first switching transistor NS1 is in a conducting state, enabling the connection between the power supply terminal S1 and the second terminal of the first capacitor unit 101C, thus charging the first capacitor unit 101C.

[0081] The charging process of the first capacitor unit 101C is briefly described below. When the voltage across the first capacitor unit 101C is less than the first target voltage V1, which is also when the voltage at the source (S) of the first switching transistor NS1 is less than the first target voltage V1, the difference between the first control voltage V_R2 and the voltage at the source (S) is greater than Vgs_th1. Therefore, the drain (D) and source (S) of the first switching transistor NS1 are connected, and electrical energy at the power supply terminal S1 is transferred to the first capacitor unit 101C, charging it. After the first capacitor unit 101C is charged, the voltage across it increases, resulting in an increase in the voltage at the first terminal of the first capacitor unit 101C, which also increases the voltage at the source (S) of the first switching transistor NS1. When the voltage at the source (S) of the first switching transistor NS1 reaches the first target voltage V1, the drain (D) and source (S) of the first switching transistor NS1 are disconnected, and power transmission from the power supply terminal S1 to the first capacitor unit 101C stops. The voltage across the first capacitor unit 101C then reaches the first target voltage V1. From the above description, it is clear that the voltage across the first capacitor unit 101C can dynamically maintain the first target voltage V1, enabling the first clamping branch 101 to provide the first target voltage V1 to the first clamping switch branch 102.

[0082] Optionally, the first voltage divider unit 101A may include one or more resistors. Optionally, the second voltage divider unit 101B may include one or more resistors. Optionally, the first capacitor unit 101C may include one or more capacitors. For ease of explanation, Figure 3 The diagram shows the equivalent resistance R1 of the first voltage divider unit 101A, the equivalent resistance R2 of the second voltage divider unit 101B, and the equivalent capacitance C1 of the first capacitor unit 101C. The resistance value of the first voltage divider unit 101A can be denoted as R1, and the resistance value of the second voltage divider unit 101B can be denoted as R2.

[0083] The total resistance of the first voltage divider unit 101A and the second voltage divider unit 101B is R1 + R2. According to the principle of voltage division by series resistors, the ratio of the voltage V_R2 across the second voltage divider unit 101B to Vin is equal to... visible At this time, the voltage at the gate (G) of the first switching transistor NS1 is V_R2, which means that the first control voltage provided by the first voltage divider branch VR1 is V_R2.

[0084] The on-state voltage of the first switching transistor NS1 is denoted as Vgs_th1, where Vgs_th1 is a positive number. When the difference between the voltage at the gate (G) and the voltage at the source (S) of the first switching transistor NS1 is greater than Vgs_th1, the drain (D) and the source (S) are connected. When the difference between the voltage at the gate (G) and the voltage at the source (S) of the first switching transistor NS1 is less than or equal to Vgs_th1, the drain (D) and the source (S) are disconnected.

[0085] In this embodiment, the numerical relationship between the first target voltage V1, the on-state voltage Vgs_th1 of the first switching transistor NS1, and the first control voltage V_R2 is V_R2 = V1 + Vgs_th1, or V1 = V_R2 - Vgs_th1, which stabilizes the voltage across the first capacitor unit 101C at the first target voltage V1. At this time, the ratio of the first target voltage V1 to the voltage Vin between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference level terminal S2 of the clamping module 01 is... In practical applications, Vin is at least a voltage level of hundreds of volts. The turn-on voltage Vgs_th1 of the first switch NS1 is much smaller than Vin. It is relatively small and can be ignored. Therefore, the ratio of the first target voltage V1 to Vin is... This ratio can be recorded as the first value. The first value can be configured by configuring the resistors in the first voltage divider unit 101A and the second voltage divider unit 101B.

[0086] It should be understood that as the voltage Vin between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2 changes, the first target voltage V1 will also change, but the ratio of the first target voltage V1 to Vin remains stable at the first value.

[0087] In scenarios where the input power of the second device is greater than that of the first device, the second device draws energy from the output power supply 2 due to its higher input power, causing the output voltage of output power supply 2 to decrease and the output voltage of output power supply 1 to increase. The first clamping switch branch 102 can connect the first clamping branch 101 to the positive terminal of output power supply 2 when the voltage at the positive terminal of output power supply 2 is less than the first target voltage V1, clamping the voltage at the positive terminal of output power supply 2 to prevent further decrease in output voltage and also to prevent a continuous increase in output voltage of output power supply 1, thereby preventing overvoltage in the first device.

[0088] In one possible application scenario, the input power of the first device and the input power of the second device are pre-configured, wherein the input power of the first device is greater than the input power of the second device.

[0089] In another possible design, the output terminal 'out' of the clamping module 01 may include a second output terminal for providing a second target voltage V2. The clamping switch module 02 can, in response to the output voltage of the output power supply 2 being greater than the second target voltage V2, control the connection between the second output terminal 'out'2 of the clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 to conduct, clamping the output power supply 2 and preventing its output voltage from rising, thereby preventing excessive output voltage of the output power supply 2 and causing overvoltage in the first device connected to the output power supply 2. The clamping switch module 02 can, in response to the output voltage of the output power supply 2 being less than the second target voltage V2, control the connection between the second output terminal 'out'2 of the clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 to disconnect.

[0090] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a voltage limiting circuit is shown. The power supply terminal S1 of the clamping module 01 is connected to the positive terminal of the output power supply 1, and the reference voltage terminal S2 is connected to the negative terminal of the output power supply 2. The output terminal out of the clamping module 01 may include a second output terminal out2, used to output a first target voltage V1. The clamping module 01 may include a second clamping branch 201. The first terminal of the second clamping branch 201 is connected to the power supply terminal S1 of the clamping module 01, the second terminal of the second clamping branch 201 is connected to the reference voltage terminal S2, and the third terminal of the second clamping branch 201 may be connected to the second output terminal out2 of the clamping module 01, or the third terminal of the second clamping branch 201 may serve as the second output terminal out2 of the clamping module 01.

[0091] The clamping switch module 02 in the voltage limiting circuit may include a second clamping switch branch 202. The first end of the second clamping switch branch 202 is connected to the second output terminal out2 of the clamping module 01, and the second end of the second clamping switch branch 202 is connected to the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit, or the second end of the second clamping switch branch 202 can be used as the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit.

[0092] The second clamping branch 201 can obtain electrical energy from the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2, and provide a second target voltage V2 to the second clamping switch branch 202 through the second output terminal out2. Therefore, the voltage at the first terminal of the second clamping branch 201 is the second target voltage V2. In one embodiment, the second target voltage V2 can be less than half of the voltage between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2, that is, V2 is less than... In another embodiment, the second target voltage V2 can be equal to half the voltage between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2, that is, V2 equals In another embodiment, the second target voltage V2 can be greater than half the voltage between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2, that is, V2 is greater than...

[0093] The second clamping switch branch 202 can connect the second output terminal out2 to the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 in response to the voltage of the output power supply 2 being greater than the second target voltage V2. The second clamping switch branch 202 can also disconnect the connection between the second output terminal out2 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 in response to the voltage of the output power supply 2 being less than the second target voltage V2.

[0094] For example, when the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is greater than the second target voltage V2, that is, when the voltage at the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 is greater than the second target voltage V2, the second output terminal out2 of the clamping module 01 is connected to the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit, that is, the second output terminal out2 of the clamping module 01 is connected to the positive terminal of the output power supply 2, thereby limiting the output voltage of the output power supply 2 and preventing the output voltage of the output power supply 2 from continuing to rise, so that the output voltage of the output power supply 2 does not exceed the first target voltage V1.

[0095] The second clamping switch branch 202 can disconnect the connection between the second output terminal out2 of the clamping module 01 and the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit when the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is less than the second target voltage V2, that is, when the voltage at the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 is greater than the second target voltage V2. In other words, it disconnects the connection between the second output terminal out2 of the clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2. When the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is equal to the second target voltage V2, the second clamping switch branch 202 can either connect or disconnect the connection between the second output terminal out2 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2.

[0096] The function of the second clamping switch branch 202 can be implemented by a switching device or a diode device. For example, the second clamping switch branch 202 may include a second diode D2. The anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second output terminal out2 of the clamping module 01. When the output voltage of the output power supply 2 is greater than the second target voltage V2, and the voltage at the cathode of the second diode D2 is less than the voltage at the anode of the second diode D2, the second diode D2 conducts, and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 is connected to the second output terminal out2 of the clamping module 01, thus limiting the voltage at the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 to not exceed the second target voltage V2. For example, the second diode D2 may be in a conducting state in response to the output voltage of the output power supply 2 being greater than the second target voltage V2, and the difference between the output voltage of the output power supply 2 and the second target voltage V2 being greater than or equal to the conduction voltage of the second diode D2. That is, when the voltage difference between the anode and cathode of the second diode D2 reaches the forward voltage of the second diode D2, the second diode D2 is in a conducting state. The second diode D2 can also be in an open-circuit state, or a cutoff state, in response to the output voltage of the output power supply 2 being less than the second target voltage V2.

[0097] In some examples, the aforementioned second clamping branch 201 may include a second voltage divider branch VR2, a second switching transistor PS1, and a second capacitor unit 201C. The second switching transistor PS1 is a P-channel metal-oxide semiconductor (PMOS) device.

[0098] The first terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C is connected to the power supply terminal S1, and the second terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C is connected to the second output terminal out2 of the voltage limiting module 01. The second capacitor unit 201C can be used to provide a second target voltage V2 to the second output terminal out.

[0099] In the clamping module 01, the second voltage divider circuit and the second switch PS1 can be used to charge the second capacitor unit 201C, stabilizing the voltage of the second capacitor unit 201C to a first voltage, where the first voltage is equal to the difference between the voltage Vin between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2 and the second target voltage V2. At this time, the voltage at the second terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C is the second target voltage V2. The second voltage divider branch VR2 is connected to the power supply terminal S1, the reference voltage terminal S2, and the gate (G) of the second switch PS1. The second voltage divider branch VR2 can be used to obtain electrical energy from the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2 and provide a second control voltage to the gate (G) of the second switch PS1.

[0100] The second voltage divider branch VR2 may include a third voltage divider unit 201A and a fourth voltage divider unit 201B. The third voltage divider unit 201A and the fourth voltage divider unit 201B are connected in series between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2. The two ends of the third voltage divider unit 201A are respectively connected to the power supply terminal S1 and the gate (G) of the second switching transistor PS1. For example, the first end of the third voltage divider unit 201A is connected to the power supply terminal S1, and the second end is connected to the gate (G) of the second switching transistor P1.

[0101] The fourth voltage divider unit 201B is connected to the reference voltage terminal S2 and the gate (G) of the second switch PS1, respectively. For example, the first terminal of the fourth voltage divider unit 201B is connected to the gate (G) of the second switch PS1, and the second terminal is connected to the reference voltage terminal S2. The third voltage divider unit 201A and the fourth voltage divider unit 201B divide the voltage between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2. The connection point of the third voltage divider unit 201A and the fourth voltage divider unit 201B is used to provide a second control voltage, denoted as V_R4, to the gate of the first switch NS1. At this time, the voltage at the gate (G) of the second switch PS1 is this second control voltage V_R4.

[0102] The drain (D) of the second switching transistor PS1 is connected to the reference voltage terminal S2. The source (S) of the second switching transistor PS1 is connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C and to the second output terminal out2. The second switching transistor PS1 can be used to control the power supply terminal S1 to charge the second capacitor unit 201C in response to the difference between the second control voltage V_R4 and the voltage of the second capacitor unit 201C being less than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the second switching transistor PS1. The voltage of the second capacitor unit 201C is the voltage at the low-level terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C, that is, the voltage at the second terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C. The voltage at the second terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C can be denoted as the first voltage. The sum of the first voltage and the voltage across the second capacitor unit 201C is the voltage between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2. As can be seen, the second switch PS1 can be used to control the power supply terminal S1 to charge the second capacitor unit 201C in response to the difference between the second control voltage V_R4 and the first voltage being less than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the second switch PS1. This allows the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2 to be connected to the second capacitor unit 201C, thus charging the second capacitor unit 201C. Alternatively, when the difference between the voltage at the gate (G) of the second switch PS1 and the voltage at the source (S) of the second switch PS1 is less than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the second switch PS1, the second switch PS1 is in a conducting state, allowing the reference voltage terminal S2 to be connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C, thus charging the second capacitor unit 201C.

[0103] The charging process of the second capacitor unit 201C is briefly described below. Since the first voltage is equal to the difference between the voltage Vin between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2 and the second target voltage V2, the voltage across the second capacitor unit 201C is less than the first voltage. At this time, the voltage at the second terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C is greater than the second target voltage V2, which also means the source (S) voltage of the second switch P1 is greater than the second target voltage V2. The difference between the second control voltage V_R4 and the voltage at the source (S) is less than Vgs_th2, so the drain (D) and source (S) of the second switch PS1 are connected, and electrical energy at the power supply terminal S1 is transferred to the second capacitor unit 201C, charging it. After charging, the voltage across the second capacitor unit 201C increases, but the voltage at the second terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C decreases, which means the voltage at the source (S) of the second switch P1 decreases. When the voltage at the source (S) of the second switch P1 reaches the second target voltage V2, the drain (D) and source (S) of the second switch PS1 are disconnected, and the power transfer at the reference voltage terminal S2 stops to the second capacitor unit 201C. The voltage at the second terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C can then be the second target voltage V2. Through the above description, it is clear that the voltage across the second capacitor unit 201C can be dynamically maintained at the first voltage, i.e., the difference between Vin and the second target voltage V2. Therefore, the voltage at the second terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C can dynamically maintain the second target voltage V2, enabling the second clamping branch 201 to provide the second target voltage V2 to the second clamping switch branch 202.

[0104] Optionally, the third voltage divider unit 201A may include one or more resistors. Optionally, the fourth voltage divider unit 201B may include one or more resistors. Optionally, the second capacitor unit 201C may include one or more capacitors.

[0105] For ease of explanation, Figure 4 The diagram shows the equivalent resistance R3 of the third voltage divider unit 201A, the equivalent resistance R4 of the fourth voltage divider unit 201B, and the equivalent capacitance C2 of the second capacitor unit 201C. Therefore, the resistance of the third voltage divider unit 201A can be denoted as R3, and the resistance of the fourth voltage divider unit 201B can be denoted as R4. The total resistance of the third voltage divider unit 201A and the fourth voltage divider unit 201B is R3 + R4. According to the principle of series resistor voltage division, the ratio of the voltage V_R4 across the fourth voltage divider unit 201B to Vin is equal to... visible At this time, the voltage at the gate (G) of the second switching transistor PS1 is V_R4 relative to the voltage at the negative terminal of the output power supply 2.

[0106] The on-state voltage of the second switching transistor PS1 is denoted as Vgs_th2, which is negative. In the second switching transistor PS1, when the difference between the voltage at the gate (G) and the voltage at the source (S) is less than Vgs_th2, the drain (D) and source (S) are connected. In the second switching transistor PS1, when the difference between the voltage at the gate (G) and the voltage at the source (S) is greater than or equal to Vgs_th2, the drain (D) and source (S) are disconnected.

[0107] In this embodiment, the numerical relationship between the second target voltage V2, the on-state voltage Vgs_th2 of the second switch PS1, and the second control voltage V_R4 is V_R4 = V2 + Vgs_th2, or V2 = V_R4 - Vgs_th2, which stabilizes the voltage at the second terminal of the second capacitor unit 201C at the second target voltage V2. At this time, the ratio of the second target voltage V2 to Vin is... In practical applications, Vin is typically at least hundreds of volts, and the turn-on voltage Vgs_th2 of the second switch PS1 is much smaller than Vin. It is relatively small and can be ignored. Therefore, the ratio of the second target voltage V2 to Vin is... This ratio can be recorded as the second value. The second value can be configured by adjusting the resistors in the third voltage divider unit 201A and the fourth voltage divider unit 201B.

[0108] It should be understood that as the voltage Vin between the power supply terminal S1 and the reference voltage terminal S2 changes, the second target voltage V2 will also change, but the ratio of the second target voltage V2 to Vin remains stable at the second value.

[0109] In scenarios where the input power of the second device is less than that of the first device, the first device, having a higher input power, draws energy from output power supply 1, causing its output voltage to decrease and output power supply 2's output voltage to increase. The second clamping switch branch 202 can connect the second clamping branch 201 to the positive terminal of output power supply 2 when the voltage at the positive terminal of output power supply 2 exceeds the second target voltage V2, clamping the voltage at the positive terminal of output power supply 2 to prevent further increase in output voltage and thus preventing overvoltage in the second device.

[0110] In one possible application scenario, the relationship between the input power of the first device and the input power of the second device is unknown, or in other words, the relationship is ambiguous. In one possible case, the input power of the first device and the input power of the second device are pre-configured, where the input power of the first device equals the input power of the second device. However, in practical applications, due to factors such as equipment losses and environmental conditions, there may be a deviation between the input power of the first device and the input power of the second device; the input power of the first device may be greater than the input power of the second device, or it may be less than the input power of the second device. In this case, the relationship between the input power of the first device and the input power of the second device is uncertain.

[0111] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a voltage limiting circuit is shown. The power supply terminal S1 of the clamping module 01 is connected to the positive terminal of the output power supply 1, and the reference voltage terminal S2 is connected to the negative terminal of the output power supply 2. The output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the output power supply 2. The output terminal out of the clamping module 01 may include a first output terminal out1 and a second output terminal out2. The first output terminal out1 is used to provide a first target voltage V1, and the second output terminal out2 is used to provide a second target voltage.

[0112] The clamping switch module 02 can respond to the output voltage of the output power supply 2 being less than the first target voltage V1, and control the connection between the first output terminal out1 of the clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 to achieve clamping of the output power supply 2, thereby preventing the output voltage of the output power supply 2 from dropping, and thus preventing the output voltage of the output power supply 1 from being too high, causing overvoltage of the first device connected to the output power supply 1.

[0113] The clamping switch module 02 can respond to the output voltage of the output power supply 2 being greater than the second target voltage V2, and control the connection between the second output terminal out2 of the clamping module 01 and the positive terminal of the output power supply 2 to achieve clamping of the output power supply 2, thereby preventing the output voltage of the output power supply 2 from rising, and thus preventing the output voltage of the output power supply 2 from being too high, causing overvoltage of the first device connected to the output power supply 2.

[0114] In this embodiment, the clamping module 01 may include the first clamping branch 101 and the second clamping branch 201 described above. The clamping switch module 02 may include the first clamping switch branch 102 and the second clamping switch branch 202 described above. The structure and function of the first clamping branch 101, the second clamping branch 201, the first clamping switch branch 102, and the second clamping switch branch 202 can be found in the descriptions in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0115] The voltage limiting circuit can clamp the voltage at the positive terminal of output power supply 2 to the first target voltage V1 when the voltage at the positive terminal is less than the first target voltage V1. The voltage limiting circuit can also clamp the voltage at the positive terminal of output power supply 2 to the second target voltage V2 when the voltage at the positive terminal is greater than the second target voltage V2. This design keeps the voltage at the positive terminal of output power supply 2 within a certain range; for example, the voltage at the positive terminal of output power supply 2 is a voltage value within the voltage range [V1, V2]. By effectively controlling the voltage at the positive terminal of output power supply 2 within a certain range, the output voltage of output power supply 1 and the output voltage of output power supply 2 are also controlled within a certain range, thus preventing overvoltage of both the first and second devices.

[0116] In one embodiment, the second target voltage V2 may be less than And the second target voltage V2 can be close to The value. In another embodiment, the first target voltage V1 can be greater than the value. And the first target voltage V1 can be close to The value. In another embodiment, the first target voltage V1 can be less than And the first target voltage V1 can be close to The value, and the second target voltage V2 can be greater than And the second target voltage V2 can be close to The value.

[0117] Figure 6A A schematic diagram of a power supply module is shown. The power supply includes a voltage limiting circuit and output power supply 1 and output power supply 2 connected in series between the positive bus V+ and the negative bus V-. The positive terminal of output power supply 1 is connected to the positive bus V+, the negative terminal of output power supply 1 is connected to the positive terminal of output power supply 2, and the negative terminal of output power supply 2 is connected to the negative bus V-.

[0118] Output power supply 1 and output power supply 2 can be used to supply power to the first device and the second device, respectively. The voltage limiting circuit can limit the output voltage of output power supply 2 to prevent the first or second device from failing due to overvoltage. For example, in a power conversion scenario, the first device is auxiliary power supply 1, and the second device is auxiliary power supply 2. The positive and negative terminals of auxiliary power supply 1 are connected to the two ends of output power supply 1, respectively. The positive and negative terminals of auxiliary power supply 2 are the positive and negative terminals of output power supply 2, respectively. Optionally, the power conversion system includes a DC-DC converter 1 and a DC-DC converter 2. The input side of DC-DC converter 1 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of output power supply 1, and the input side of DC-DC converter 2 is connected to the positive and negative terminals of output power supply 2.

[0119] In the voltage limiting circuit, the power supply terminal S1 of the clamping module 01 can be connected to the positive bus V+, and the reference voltage terminal S2 can be connected to the negative bus V-. The output terminal S3 of the voltage limiting circuit can be connected to the positive terminal of the output power supply 2. See the example provided. Figure 6B The specific structure of the voltage limiting circuit can be as follows: Figure 3 The structure of the voltage limiting circuit is shown in the image. For another example, see [link to example]. Figure 6C The specific structure of the voltage limiting circuit can be as follows: Figure 4 The structure of the voltage limiting circuit is shown in the image. For another example, see [link to example]. Figure 6D The specific structure of the voltage limiting circuit can be as follows: Figure 5 The structure of the voltage limiting circuit is shown in the figure.

[0120] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a power supply module is shown. A system for equalizing the voltage of multiple devices can include N output power supplies and N-1 voltage limiting circuits, where N is an integer greater than 2. The N output power supplies are connected in series between the positive bus V+ and the negative bus V-. Following the connection order from the positive bus to the negative bus, the N output power supplies are designated as output power supply N_1, output power supply N_2, output power supply N_3, ..., output power supply N_N. In adjacent output power supply modules, the negative terminal of the preceding output power supply is connected to the positive terminal of the following output power supply. This connection point is called the target node. The power supply module has N-1 target nodes. Each of the N-1 voltage limiting circuits corresponds one-to-one with one target node. That is, one voltage limiting circuit corresponds to one target node, and one target node corresponds to one voltage limiting circuit. Each of the N-1 voltage limiting circuits limits the voltage of its corresponding target node.

[0121] The output power supply N_j is any one of the N output power supply modules, where 1 ≤ j ≤ N. The output power supply N_j can be used to provide input voltage to device j. For example, when the power supply modules are implemented as a power conversion system, device j can be implemented as an auxiliary power supply j. The positive and negative terminals of the auxiliary power supply j are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the output power supply N_j, respectively. Optionally, the power conversion system includes N DC-DC converters, namely DC-DC converter 1, DC-DC converter 2, DC-DC converter 3, ..., DC-DC converter N. DC-DC converter j is any one of the N DC-DC converters, where 1 ≤ j ≤ N. The input side of DC-DC converter j is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the output power supply N_j.

[0122] The output power supply N_i is any one of the first N-1 output power supply modules, where 1 ≤ i ≤ N-1. For ease of explanation, the connection point between the negative terminal of output power supply N_i and the positive terminal of output power supply N_i+1 is denoted as target node QN_i, and the voltage limiting circuit corresponding to target node QN_i is denoted as voltage limiting circuit i. Output power supply N_i and output power supply N_i+1 are the two output power supplies corresponding to voltage limiting circuit i, where output power supply N_i is the output power supply closer to the positive bus, and output power supply N_i+1 is the output power supply closer to the negative bus.

[0123] In one possible scenario, the input power of auxiliary power supplies 1 through N is pre-configured, with the input power increasing sequentially from 1 to N. For example, the input power of auxiliary power supply i connected to output power supply N_i is less than that of auxiliary power supply i+1 connected to output power supply N_i+1. The specific structure of each voltage limiting circuit in the power module provided in this example can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 3 The following is an introduction to the voltage limiting circuit shown.

[0124] For ease of explanation, in voltage limiting circuit i, the power supply terminal of the clamping module is denoted as S1_i, and the reference voltage terminal is denoted as S2_i. The output terminal of voltage limiting circuit i is denoted as S3_i. The voltage between the power supply terminal S1_i and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is denoted as Vin_i. In voltage limiting circuit i, the first output terminal of the clamping module is denoted as output terminal out1_i, and the first output voltage that can be provided by the output terminal out1_i of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit i is denoted as voltage V1_i. The first clamping branch and the first clamping switch branch in the clamping module are denoted as first clamping branch 101_i and first clamping switch branch 102_i, respectively. The first voltage divider unit, the second voltage divider unit, the first switch transistor, and the first capacitor unit in the first clamping branch 101_i are denoted as first voltage divider unit 101A_i, second voltage divider unit 101B_i, first switch transistor NS1_i, and first capacitor unit 101C_i, respectively. The equivalent resistance of the resistors included in the first voltage divider unit 101A_i is denoted as R1_i. The equivalent resistance of the resistors included in the second voltage divider unit 101B_i is denoted as R2_i. The first diode included in the first clamping switch branch 102_i is denoted as diode D1_i. The specific connection relationships within the voltage limiting circuit will not be described here.

[0125] In one possible design, Figure 8A A schematic diagram of the power supply connection relationship of a voltage limiting circuit is shown. When i is not equal to N-1, the power supply terminal S1_i of the clamping module of voltage limiting circuit i is connected to the positive bus V+, and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is connected to the target node QN_i+1. The output terminal S3_i of voltage limiting circuit i is connected to the target node QN_i.

[0126] When i equals N-1, the power supply terminal S1_N-1 of the voltage limiting circuit N-1 is connected to the positive bus V+, the reference voltage terminal S2_N-1 is connected to the negative bus V-, and the output terminal S3_N-1 is connected to the target node QN_N-1.

[0127] The function of voltage limiting circuit i is briefly described below. When the power module supplies power to the auxiliary power supplies, the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 drops. When the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 is less than voltage V1_i, voltage limiting circuit i can limit the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 to voltage V1_i, preventing the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 from continuing to drop. The ratio of voltage V1_i to the voltage Vin_i between the power supply terminal S1_i and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is a preset target first value num1_i of voltage limiting circuit i. The value num1_i of voltage limiting circuit i is... same.

[0128] In practical applications, the equivalent resistance R1_i of the resistors included in the first voltage divider unit 101A_i and the equivalent resistance R2_i of the resistors included in the second voltage divider unit 101B_i can be configured according to the voltage limiting requirements of each output power supply, so as to realize the target first output num1_i corresponding to the voltage limiting circuit i.

[0129] In one possible application scenario, all voltage limiting circuits have the same target first value. In another possible application scenario, different voltage limiting circuits have different target first values. For example, the target first value num1_1 of voltage limiting circuit 1 is greater than the target first value num1_2 of voltage limiting circuit 2. The target first value num1_i-1 of voltage limiting circuit i-1 is greater than the target first value num1_i of voltage limiting circuit i.

[0130] For example, the target first value num1_i of the voltage limiting circuit i is This allows the output voltages of all output power supplies in the system to be the same or similar. When adding a new output power supply to the power module, a corresponding voltage limiting circuit can be added. The specific structure of the added voltage limiting circuit is the same as the specific structure of the voltage limiting circuit in the system. The target first value of the added voltage limiting circuit can be... This ensures that the output voltage of the newly added output power supply is the same as or similar to the output voltage of other output power supplies.

[0131] In another possible design, Figure 8BA schematic diagram of the power supply connection relationship of a voltage limiting circuit is shown. When i is not equal to 1 and i is not equal to N-1, in voltage limiting circuit i, the power supply terminal S1_i of the clamping module is connected to the target node QN_i-1, and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is connected to the target node QN_i+1. The output terminal S3_i of voltage limiting circuit i is connected to the target node QN_i.

[0132] When i equals 1, the power supply terminal S1_1 of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit 1 is connected to the positive bus, and the reference voltage terminal S2_1 is connected to the target node QN_2. The output terminal S3_1 of voltage limiting circuit 1 is connected to the target node QN_1.

[0133] When i equals N-1, the power supply terminal S1_N-1 of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit N-1 is connected to the target node QN_N-2, and the reference voltage terminal S2_N-1 is connected to the negative bus V-. The output terminal S3_N-1 of voltage limiting circuit N-1 is connected to the target node QN_N-1.

[0134] The function of voltage limiting circuit i is briefly described below. When the power module supplies power to the auxiliary power supplies, the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 drops. When the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 is less than voltage V1_i, voltage limiting circuit i can limit the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 to voltage V1_i, preventing the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 from continuing to drop. The ratio of voltage V1_i to the voltage Vin_i between the power supply terminal S1_i and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is a preset target first value num1_i of voltage limiting circuit i. The value num1_i of voltage limiting circuit i is... same.

[0135] In practical applications, the equivalent resistance R1_i of the resistors included in the first voltage divider unit 101A_i and the equivalent resistance R2_i of the resistors included in the second voltage divider unit 101B_i can be configured according to the voltage limiting requirements of each output power supply, so as to realize the target first output num1_i corresponding to the voltage limiting circuit i.

[0136] In one example, the target first value of each voltage limiting circuit can be the same. Assume that the target first value of each voltage limiting circuit is... Taking voltage limiting circuit i as an example, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R2_i of the second voltage divider unit 101B_i to the equivalent resistance R1_i of the first voltage divider unit 101A_i in voltage limiting circuit i is k. The output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 is k times the output voltage of output power supply N_i. Where k equals 1, the output voltage of each output power supply is the same.

[0137] In another example, the target first value of each voltage limiting circuit can be different. Assume that the target first value of voltage limiting circuit i is... At this time, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R2_i of the second voltage divider unit 101B_i in the voltage limiting circuit i to the equivalent resistance R1_i of the first voltage divider unit 101A_i is k1. The output voltage of the output power supply N_i is k1 times the output voltage of the output power supply N_i-1.

[0138] The target first value of the voltage limiting circuit i+1 is At this time, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R2_i+1 of the second voltage divider unit 101B_i+1 in the voltage limiting circuit i+1 to the equivalent resistance R1_i+1 of the first voltage divider unit 101A_i+1 is k2. The output voltage of the output power supply N_i+1 is k2 times the output voltage of the output power supply N_i, and also k1×k2 times the output voltage of the output power supply N_i-1.

[0139] In another possible scenario, the input power of auxiliary power supplies 1 through N is pre-configured, decreasing sequentially from 1 to N. For example, the input power of auxiliary power supply i connected to output power supply N_i is greater than that of auxiliary power supply i+1 connected to output power supply N_i+1. The specific structure of each voltage limiting circuit in the power supply module provided in this example can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 The following is an introduction to the voltage limiting circuit shown.

[0140] For ease of explanation, the power supply terminal of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit i is denoted as S1_i, and the reference voltage terminal is denoted as S2_i. The output terminal of voltage limiting circuit i is denoted as S3_i. The voltage between the power supply terminal S1_i and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is denoted as Vin_i. In voltage limiting circuit i, the second output terminal of the clamping module is denoted as output terminal out2_i, and the second output voltage that can be provided by the output terminal out2_i of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit i is denoted as voltage V2_i. The second clamping branch and the second clamping switch branch in the clamping module are denoted as second clamping branch 201_i and second clamping switch branch 202_i, respectively. The third voltage divider unit, the fourth voltage divider unit, the second switch transistor, and the second capacitor unit in the second clamping branch 201_i are denoted as third voltage divider unit 201A_i, fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i, second switch transistor PS1_i, and second capacitor unit 201C_i, respectively. The equivalent resistance of the resistors included in the third voltage divider unit 201A_i is denoted as R3_i. The equivalent resistance of the resistors included in the fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i is denoted as R4_i. The second diode included in the second clamping switch branch 202_i is denoted as diode D2_i. The specific connection relationships within the voltage limiting circuit will not be described here.

[0141] In one possible design, Figure 9AA schematic diagram of the power supply connection relationship of a voltage limiting circuit is shown. When i is not equal to N-1, the power supply terminal S1_i of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit i is connected to the positive bus V+, and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is connected to the target node QN_i+1. The output terminal S3_i of voltage limiting circuit i is connected to the target node QN_i.

[0142] When i equals N-1, the power supply terminal S1_N-1 of the clamping module in the voltage limiting circuit N-1 is connected to the positive bus V+, and the reference voltage terminal S2_N-1 is connected to the negative bus V-. The output terminal S3_N-1 of the voltage limiting circuit N-1 is connected to the target node QN_N-1.

[0143] The function of voltage limiting circuit i is briefly described below. When the power module supplies power to the auxiliary power supplies, the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 rises. When the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 exceeds voltage V2_i, voltage limiting circuit i can limit the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 to voltage V2_i, preventing the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 from rising further. The ratio of voltage V2_i to the voltage Vin_i between the power supply terminal S1_i and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is a preset target second value num2_i of voltage limiting circuit i. The value num2_i of voltage limiting circuit i is... same.

[0144] In practical applications, the equivalent resistance R3_i of the resistors included in the third voltage divider unit 201A_i and the equivalent resistance R4_i of the resistors included in the fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i can be configured according to the voltage limiting requirements of each output power supply to achieve the target second output num2_i corresponding to the voltage limiting circuit i.

[0145] In one possible application scenario, all voltage limiting circuits have the same target second value. In another possible application scenario, different voltage limiting circuits have different target second values. For example, the target second value num2_1 of voltage limiting circuit 1 is greater than the target second value num2_2 of voltage limiting circuit 2. The target second value num2_i-1 of voltage limiting circuit i-1 is greater than the target second value num2_i of voltage limiting circuit i.

[0146] In one example, the target second value num2_i of the voltage limiting circuit i is This allows the output voltages of all output power supplies in the system to be the same or similar. When a new output power supply is added to the system, a corresponding voltage limiting circuit can be added. The specific structure of the added voltage limiting circuit is the same as the specific structure of the voltage limiting circuit in the system. The target second value of the added voltage limiting circuit can be... This ensures that the output voltage of the newly added output power supply is the same as or similar to the output voltage of other output power supplies.

[0147] In another possible design, Figure 9B A schematic diagram of the power supply connection relationship of a voltage limiting circuit is shown. When i is not equal to 1 and i is not equal to N-1, the power supply terminal S1_i of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit i is connected to the target node QN_i-1, and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is connected to the target node QN_i+1. The output terminal S3_i of voltage limiting circuit i is connected to the target node QN_i.

[0148] When i equals 1, the power supply terminal S1_1 of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit 1 is connected to the positive bus, and the reference voltage terminal S2_1 is connected to the target node QN_2. The output terminal S3_1 of voltage limiting circuit 1 is connected to the target node QN_1.

[0149] When i equals N-1, the power supply terminal S1_N-1 of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit N-1 is connected to the target node QN_N-2, and the reference voltage terminal S2_N-1 is connected to the negative bus V-. The output terminal S3_N-1 of voltage limiting circuit N-1 is connected to the target node QN_N-1.

[0150] The function of voltage limiting circuit i is briefly described below. When the power module supplies power to the auxiliary power supplies, the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 rises. When the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 exceeds voltage V2_i, voltage limiting circuit i can limit the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 to voltage V2_i, preventing the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 from rising further. The ratio of voltage V2_i to the voltage Vin_i between the power supply terminal S1_i and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is a preset target second value num2_i of voltage limiting circuit i. The value num2_i of voltage limiting circuit i is... same.

[0151] In practical applications, the equivalent resistance R3_i of the resistors included in the third voltage divider unit 201A_i and the equivalent resistance R4_i of the resistors included in the fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i can be configured according to the voltage limiting requirements of each output power supply to achieve the target second output num2_i corresponding to the voltage limiting circuit i.

[0152] In one example, the target second value can be the same for all voltage limiting circuits. Assume that the target second value for each voltage limiting circuit is... Taking voltage limiting circuit i as an example, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R4_i of the fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i to the equivalent resistance R3_i of the third voltage divider unit 201A_i in voltage limiting circuit i is m. The output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 is m times the output voltage of output power supply N_i. Where m equals 1, the output voltage of each output power supply is the same.

[0153] In another example, the target second value can be different for each voltage limiting circuit. Assume that voltage limiting circuit i has a target second value of... At this time, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R4_i of the fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i in the voltage limiting circuit i to the equivalent resistance R3_i of the third voltage divider unit 201A_i is m. The output voltage of the output power supply N_i is m1 times the output voltage of the output power supply N_i-1.

[0154] The target second value of the voltage limiting circuit i+1 is At this point, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R4_i+1 of the fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i+1 in the voltage limiting circuit i+1 to the equivalent resistance R3_i+1 of the third voltage divider unit 201A_i+1 is m2. The output voltage of the output power supply N_i+1 is m2 times the output voltage of the output power supply N_i, and also m1×m2 times the output voltage of the output power supply N_i-1.

[0155] In some possible scenarios, such as when the magnitude relationship of the input power among the auxiliary power supplies is unclear, or when the input power of auxiliary power supplies 1 to N is pre-configured and is the same for all auxiliary power supplies, the input power of the auxiliary power supplies may differ due to factors such as auxiliary power supply losses and environment, and the magnitude relationship between the input power of each auxiliary power supply may be unclear.

[0156] For the specific structure of each voltage limiting circuit in the power module provided in this example, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5 The following is a description of the voltage limiting circuit. For ease of explanation, the power supply terminal of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit i is denoted as S1_i, and the reference voltage terminal is denoted as S2_i. The output terminal of voltage limiting circuit i is denoted as S3_i. The voltage between the power supply terminal S1_i and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is denoted as Vin_i. In voltage limiting circuit i, the first output terminal of the clamping module is denoted as output terminal out1_i, and the first output voltage that can be provided is denoted as voltage V1_i. The second output terminal of the clamping module is denoted as output terminal out2_i, and the second output voltage that can be provided is denoted as voltage V2_i. Voltage V2_i can be greater than the rated output voltage of the output power supply N_i+1, and voltage V1_i can be less than the rated output voltage of the output power supply N_i+1. Therefore, voltage V2_i is greater than voltage V1_i.

[0157] The first clamping branch and the first clamping switch branch in voltage limiting circuit i are denoted as first clamping branch 101_i and first clamping switch branch 102_i, respectively. The first voltage divider unit, the second voltage divider unit, the first switching transistor, and the first capacitor unit in the first clamping branch 101_i are denoted as first voltage divider unit 101A_i, second voltage divider unit 101B_i, first switching transistor NS1_i, and first capacitor unit 101C_i, respectively. The equivalent resistance of the resistors included in the first voltage divider unit 101A_i is denoted as R1_i. The equivalent resistance of the resistors included in the second voltage divider unit 101B_i is denoted as R2_i. The first diode included in the first clamping switch branch 102_i is denoted as diode D1_i. The second clamping branch and the second clamping switch branch in voltage limiting circuit i are denoted as second clamping branch 201_i and second clamping switch branch 202_i, respectively. The third voltage divider unit, fourth voltage divider unit, second switch transistor, and second capacitor unit in the second clamping branch 201_i are respectively denoted as third voltage divider unit 201A_i, fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i, second switch transistor PS1_i, and second capacitor unit 201C_i. The equivalent resistance of the resistor included in the third voltage divider unit 201A_i is denoted as R3_i. The equivalent resistance of the resistor included in the fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i is denoted as R4_i. The second diode included in the second clamping switch branch 202_i is denoted as diode D2_i. The specific connection relationship inside the voltage limiting circuit will not be described here.

[0158] In one possible design, Figure 10A A schematic diagram of the power supply connection relationship of a voltage limiting circuit is shown. When i is not equal to N-1, the power supply terminal S1_i of the clamping module of voltage limiting circuit i is connected to the positive bus V+, and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is connected to the target node QN_i+1. The output terminal S3_i of voltage limiting circuit i is connected to the target node QN_i.

[0159] When i equals N-1, the power supply terminal S1_N-1 of the voltage limiting circuit N-1 is connected to the positive bus V+, the reference voltage terminal S2_N-1 is connected to the negative bus V-, and the output terminal S3_N-1 is connected to the target node QN_N-1.

[0160] The function of voltage limiting circuit i is briefly described below. When the power module supplies power to each auxiliary power source, the output voltage of output power source N_i+1 may rise or fall. In the case of a drop in the output voltage of output power source N_i+1, when the output voltage of output power source N_i+1 is less than voltage V1_i, voltage limiting circuit i can limit the output voltage of output power source N_i+1 to voltage V1_i, preventing the output voltage of output power source N_i+1 from continuing to fall. The ratio of voltage V1_i to the voltage Vin_i between the power supply terminal S1_i and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is a preset target first value num1_i of voltage limiting circuit i. The value num1_i of voltage limiting circuit i is... same.

[0161] When the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 rises, and the output voltage of N_i+1 exceeds the voltage V2_i, the voltage limiting circuit i can limit the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 to the voltage V2_i, thus preventing the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 from rising further. The ratio of voltage V2_i to the voltage Vin_i between the power supply terminal S1_i and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is a preset target second value num2_i of the voltage limiting circuit i. The value num2_i of the voltage limiting circuit i is... same.

[0162] In practical applications, the equivalent resistance R1_i of the resistors included in the first voltage divider unit 101A_i and the equivalent resistance R2_i of the resistors included in the second voltage divider unit 101B_i can be configured according to the voltage limiting requirements of each output power supply, so as to realize the target first output num1_i corresponding to the voltage limiting circuit i.

[0163] In one possible application scenario, all voltage limiting circuits have the same target first value and the same target second value. In another possible application scenario, different voltage limiting circuits have different target first values ​​and different target second values.

[0164] In another possible design, Figure 10B A schematic diagram of the power supply connection relationship of a voltage limiting circuit is shown. When i is not equal to 1 and i is not equal to N-1, the power supply terminal S1_i of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit i is connected to the target node QN_i-1, and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is connected to the target node QN_i+1. The output terminal S3_i of voltage limiting circuit i is connected to the target node QN_i.

[0165] When i equals 1, the power supply terminal S1_1 of the clamping module in voltage limiting circuit 1 is connected to the positive bus, and the reference voltage terminal S2_1 is connected to the target node QN_2. The output terminal S3_1 of voltage limiting circuit 1 is connected to the target node QN_1.

[0166] When i equals N-1, the power supply terminal S1_N-1 of the clamping module in the voltage limiting circuit N-1 is connected to the target node QN_N-2, the reference voltage terminal S2_N-1 is connected to the negative bus V-, and the output terminal S3_N-1 of the voltage limiting circuit N-1 is connected to the target node QN_N-1.

[0167] The function of voltage limiting circuit i is briefly described below. When the power module supplies power to each auxiliary power source, the output voltage of output power source N_i+1 may rise or fall. In the case of a drop in the output voltage of output power source N_i+1, when the output voltage of output power source N_i+1 is less than voltage V1_i, voltage limiting circuit i can limit the output voltage of output power source N_i+1 to voltage V1_i, preventing the output voltage of output power source N_i+1 from continuing to fall. The ratio of voltage V1_i to the voltage Vin_i between the power supply terminal S1_i and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is a preset target first value num1_i of voltage limiting circuit i. The value num1_i of voltage limiting circuit i is... same.

[0168] When the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 rises, and the output voltage of N_i+1 exceeds the voltage V2_i, the voltage limiting circuit i can limit the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 to the voltage V2_i, thus preventing the output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 from rising further. The ratio of voltage V2_i to the voltage Vin_i between the power supply terminal S1_i and the reference voltage terminal S2_i is a preset target second value num2_i of the voltage limiting circuit i. The value num2_i of the voltage limiting circuit i is... same.

[0169] In practical applications, the equivalent resistance R1_i of the resistors included in the first voltage divider unit 101A_i and the equivalent resistance R2_i of the resistors included in the second voltage divider unit 101B_i in each voltage limiting circuit can be configured according to the voltage limiting requirements of each output power supply to achieve the target first output num1_i corresponding to voltage limiting circuit i. Similarly, the equivalent resistance R3_i of the resistors included in the third voltage divider unit 201A_i and the equivalent resistance R4_i of the resistors included in the fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i in each voltage limiting circuit can be configured to achieve the target second output num2_i corresponding to voltage limiting circuit i.

[0170] In one example, the target first value of each voltage limiting circuit can be the same. Assume that the target first value of each voltage limiting circuit is... Taking voltage limiting circuit i as an example, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R2_i of the second voltage divider unit 101B_i to the equivalent resistance R1_i of the first voltage divider unit 101A_i in voltage limiting circuit i is k. The output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 is k times the output voltage of output power supply N_i.

[0171] Each voltage limiting circuit can have the same target second value. Assume that each voltage limiting circuit has the same target second value. Taking voltage limiting circuit i as an example, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R4_i of the fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i to the equivalent resistance R3_i of the third voltage divider unit 201A_i in voltage limiting circuit i is m. The output voltage of output power supply N_i+1 is m times the output voltage of output power supply N_i.

[0172] In another example, the target first value of each voltage limiting circuit can be different. Assume that the target first value of voltage limiting circuit i is... At this time, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R2_i of the second voltage divider unit 101B_i in voltage limiting circuit i to the equivalent resistance R1_i of the first voltage divider unit 101A_i is k1. The output voltage of output power supply N_i is k1 times the output voltage of output power supply N_i-1. The target first value of voltage limiting circuit i+1 is... At this time, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R2_i+1 of the second voltage divider unit 101B_i+1 in the voltage limiting circuit i+1 to the equivalent resistance R1_i+1 of the first voltage divider unit 101A_i+1 is k2. The output voltage of the output power supply N_i+1 is k2 times the output voltage of the output power supply N_i, and also k1×k2 times the output voltage of the output power supply N_i-1.

[0173] The target second value can be different for each voltage limiting circuit. Assume that the target second value for voltage limiting circuit i is... At this time, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R4_i of the fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i in voltage limiting circuit i to the equivalent resistance R3_i of the third voltage divider unit 201A_i is m. The output voltage of output power supply N_i is m1 times the output voltage of output power supply N_i-1. The target second value of voltage limiting circuit i+1 is... At this point, the ratio of the equivalent resistance R4_i+1 of the fourth voltage divider unit 201B_i+1 in the voltage limiting circuit i+1 to the equivalent resistance R3_i+1 of the third voltage divider unit 201A_i+1 is m2. The output voltage of the output power supply N_i+1 is m2 times the output voltage of the output power supply N_i, and also m1×m2 times the output voltage of the output power supply N_i-1.

[0174] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A power module, characterized in that, The power supply module includes a voltage limiting circuit, a first output power supply, and a second output power supply. The first and second output power supplies are connected in series to the positive and negative busbars of the power module, respectively. The negative terminal of the first output power supply is connected to the positive terminal of the second output power supply. The voltage limiting circuit includes: A clamping module is provided, wherein the power supply terminal of the clamping module is used to connect to the positive bus, the reference voltage terminal of the clamping module is used to connect to the negative terminal of the second output power supply, and the output terminal of the clamping module includes at least one of a first output terminal and a second output terminal, wherein the first output terminal is used to output a first target voltage, the second output terminal is used to output a second target voltage, the first target voltage is less than the rated output voltage of the second output power supply, and the second target voltage is greater than the rated output voltage of the second output power supply. A clamping switch module is connected between the output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply. It is used to control the connection between the output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply to be turned on or off in response to changes in the output voltage of the second output power supply.

2. The power module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being less than the first target voltage, the clamping switch module controls the connection between the first output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply to be turned on. In response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being greater than the first target voltage, the clamping switch module controls the connection between the first output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply to be turned off.

3. The power module as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The clamping module includes a first clamping branch, which is used to output the first target voltage, including: The first voltage divider branch includes a first voltage divider unit and a second voltage divider unit. The first voltage divider unit and the second voltage divider unit are connected in series between the power supply terminal and the reference voltage terminal. The connection point between the first voltage divider unit and the second voltage divider unit is used to provide a first control voltage. The first capacitor unit is used to provide the first target voltage to the first output terminal; A first switching transistor is configured to control the power supply terminal to charge the first capacitor unit in response to the difference between the first control voltage and the voltage of the first capacitor unit being less than or equal to the on-state voltage of the first switching transistor.

4. The power module as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The two ends of the first voltage divider unit are respectively connected to the power supply terminal and the gate of the first switching transistor. The two ends of the second voltage divider unit are respectively connected to the reference voltage terminal and the gate of the first switching transistor. The first capacitor unit is connected between the reference voltage terminal and the source of the first switching transistor. The drain of the first switching transistor is connected to the power supply terminal.

5. The power module as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first voltage divider unit includes at least one resistor; or the second voltage divider unit includes at least one resistor; or the first capacitor unit includes at least one capacitor.

6. The power module as described in any one of claims 1-2 or 4-5, characterized in that, The clamping switch module includes a first clamping switch branch; the first clamping switch branch includes a first diode; the anode of the first diode is connected to the first output terminal, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the positive terminal of the second output power supply. In response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being less than the first target voltage, the first diode is in a conducting state, thereby making the connection between the first output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply conductive. In response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being greater than the first target voltage, the first diode is in a cut-off state, thereby disconnecting the connection between the first output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply.

7. The power module as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being less than the first target voltage, and the difference between the first target voltage and the output voltage of the second output power supply reaching the forward voltage of the first diode, the first diode is in the on state.

8. The power module as described in any one of claims 1-2, 4-5, or 7, characterized in that, In response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being greater than the second target voltage, the clamping switch module controls the connection between the second output terminal and the positive terminal of the second output power supply to be turned on. In response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being less than the second target voltage, the clamping switch module controls the connection between the second output terminal and the positive terminal of the second output power supply to be turned off.

9. The power module as described in any one of claims 1-2, 4-5, or 7, characterized in that, The clamping module includes a second clamping branch, which is used to output the second target voltage, including: The second voltage divider branch includes a third voltage divider unit and a fourth voltage divider unit. The third voltage divider unit and the fourth voltage divider unit are connected in series between the power supply terminal and the reference voltage terminal. The connection point between the fourth voltage divider units is used to provide a second control voltage. The second capacitor unit is used to provide the second target voltage to the second output terminal; The second switch is configured to control the power supply terminal to charge the second capacitor unit in response to the difference between the second control voltage and the voltage of the second capacitor unit being less than or equal to the turn-on voltage of the second switch.

10. The power module as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The two ends of the third voltage divider unit are respectively connected to the power supply terminal and the gate of the second switching transistor; the two ends of the fourth voltage divider unit are respectively connected to the reference voltage terminal and the gate of the second switching transistor; the second capacitor unit is connected between the power supply terminal and the source of the second switching transistor; and the drain of the second switching transistor is connected to the reference voltage terminal.

11. The power module as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The third voltage divider unit includes at least one resistor; or the fourth voltage divider unit includes at least one resistor; or the second capacitor unit includes at least one capacitor.

12. The power module as described in any one of claims 1-2, 4-5, 7 or 10-11, characterized in that, The clamping switch module includes a second clamping switch branch; the second clamping switch branch includes a second diode; the anode of the second diode is connected to the positive terminal of the second output power supply, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the second output terminal; Wherein, in response to the second output terminal power supply voltage being greater than the second target voltage, the second diode is in a conducting state, so that the second output terminal of the clamping module is connected to the positive terminal of the second output power supply; In response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being less than the second target voltage, the second diode is in the off state, causing the connection between the second output terminal of the clamping module and the positive terminal of the second output power supply to be turned off.

13. The power module as described in claim 12, characterized in that, In response to the output voltage of the second output power supply being greater than the second target voltage, and the difference between the output voltage of the second output power supply and the second target voltage reaching the forward voltage of the second diode, the second diode is in the on state.

14. The power module as described in any one of claims 1-2, 4-5, 7, 10-11, or 13, characterized in that, The power module further includes a third output power supply and another voltage limiting circuit. The first output power supply, the second output power supply, and the third output power supply are connected in series with the positive bus and the negative bus. The positive terminal of the third output power supply is connected to the negative terminal of the second output power supply, and the negative terminal of the third output power supply is connected to the negative bus. The other voltage limiting circuit includes: Another clamping module, wherein the power supply terminal of the other clamping module is used to connect to the positive bus, the reference voltage terminal of the other clamping module is used to connect to the negative terminal of the third output power supply, and the output terminal of the other clamping module includes at least one of another first output terminal and another second output terminal, wherein the other first output terminal is used to output a third target voltage, and the other second output terminal is used to output a fourth target voltage, wherein the third target voltage is less than the rated output voltage of the third output power supply, and the fourth target voltage is greater than the rated output voltage of the third output power supply; Another clamping switch module is connected between the output terminal of the other clamping module and the positive terminal of the third output power supply. The other clamping switch module is used to control the connection between the output terminal of the clamping module of the other voltage limiting circuit and the positive terminal of the third output power supply to be turned on or off in response to the change of the output voltage of the third output power supply.

15. The power module as described in any one of claims 1-2, 4-5, 7, 10-11, or 13, characterized in that, The power module further includes a third output power supply and another voltage limiting circuit. The first output power supply, the second output power supply, and the third output power supply are connected in series with the positive bus and the negative bus. The positive terminal of the third output power supply is connected to the negative terminal of the second output power supply, and the negative terminal of the third output power supply is connected to the negative bus. The other voltage limiting circuit includes: Another clamping module, wherein the power supply terminal of the other clamping module is used to connect to the positive terminal of the second output power supply, the reference voltage terminal of the other clamping module is used to connect to the negative terminal of the third output power supply, and the output terminal of the other clamping module includes at least one of another first output terminal and another second output terminal, the other first output terminal is used to output a third target voltage, the other second output terminal is used to output a fourth target voltage, the third target voltage is less than the rated output voltage of the third output power supply, and the fourth target voltage is greater than the rated output voltage of the third output power supply; Another clamping switch module is connected between the output terminal of the other clamping module and the positive terminal of the third output power supply. The other clamping switch module is used to control the connection between the output terminal of the clamping module of the other voltage limiting circuit and the positive terminal of the third output power supply to be turned on or off in response to the change of the output voltage of the third output power supply.

Images