Method and apparatus for precision plastic forming of a metal profile

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of plastic precision forming of metal profiles, and specifically to a precision plastic forming method and equipment for metal profiles. The equipment is provided with an upper die movement mechanism and a lower die setting mechanism. The movement execution mechanism of the upper die movement mechanism is installed with a bus roller set. The lower die plate of the lower die setting mechanism is installed with a bottom die cavity with different profile structures. Through one-way linear movement of the hydraulic cylinder of the movement execution mechanism and extrusion and shearing of the bus roller set, metal flow fills the bottom die surface to realize the processing of the metal profile. The present application can be used for the forming of metal profiles with different specifications and cross-sectional forms, including but not limited to channel steel, bulb steel and other products. The present application can be used for ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, composite materials and the like, and can also be used for hot forming, warm forming and cold forming. The present application is a local incremental forming method, which has the advantages of high forming efficiency, high product size precision, small springback, good flatness, small forming force and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision plastic forming technology for metal profiles, specifically a precision plastic forming method and equipment for metal profiles, applicable to multi-stage progressive precision plastic forming of profiles of different materials and specifications. Background Technology

[0002] Profiles refer to structural components made of metal through plastic forming, possessing a specific cross-sectional shape and size. They can be used alone or further processed into other manufactured products, and are widely used in building structures, vehicle manufacturing, and other industrial structures subjected to significant forces. Currently, profiles are made from materials such as iron or steel with certain strength and toughness through processes such as rolling, extrusion, and casting, resulting in structural parts with specific external dimensions, cross-sectional shapes, and mechanical and physical properties. Inventor Zhao Guoqun proposed "A Profile Forming Device and Method for Microchannel Offset Layout Heat Dissipation Elements (Publication No. CN114289537A)". This invention includes a mold, which contains flow diversion holes, a mold core, and a forming cavity. The offset layout of the flow diversion holes allows for reasonable flow diversion of metal to adapt to the wall thickness distribution requirements of the microchannel offset layout profile. This forming method reduces mold wear and off-center load, improving the forming accuracy of the profile and the service life of the mold. Inventor Gao Hui proposed a "rapid forming device for channel steel plates (Publication No. CN201922447885.0)," which includes a shell, processing mechanism, stamping mechanism, protective mechanism, and pushing mechanism. This rapid forming device significantly improves work efficiency. Inventor Guo Xiaolin proposed a "precision forming device and method for composite thin-walled hollow profiles (Publication No. CN114029389A)," which includes an upper mold, a lower mold, and a punch to achieve precision forming of composite thin-walled hollow profiles. Inventor Gong Zhihao proposed a "channel steel forming production system," which achieves cold bending of steel plates into channel steel through steps such as feeding, cold bending, edge punching, and unloading. Inventor Ding Chunyan proposed a "channel steel forming method (Publication No.: CN105312408A)," which involves locally heating narrow strip steel and then continuously rolling it step by step to obtain channel steel with dovetail grooves, while simultaneously realizing synchronous movement of strip steel conveying and unloading. However, the process of this invention is complex and requires multiple steps to complete the channel steel forming. Inventors Chen Musheng et al. proposed "A cold bending forming process and production line for producing wide U-shaped channel steel (Publication No.: CN101773953A)". This invention uses multiple cold bending deformations to cause plastic deformation of the plate material, and continuously forms the flat plate material into an integral U-shaped channel steel.

[0003] The aforementioned profile forming methods are either complex or difficult to implement for large-size profiles. Furthermore, the high deformation resistance of the material during processing makes forming challenging. Therefore, to ensure uniform deformation during the forming process, employing localized, multi-stage progressive forming and developing a profile forming process with high forming accuracy, high performance, and low deformation resistance is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precision plastic forming method and equipment for metal profiles. It can achieve efficient and high-precision forming of profiles of different materials and specifications by matching the design of the busbar roller group and the bottom mold cavity. It has the advantages of high forming efficiency, high forming accuracy, low forming force and low product springback.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0006] A precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles, the mechanical structure of which includes: an upper template, a motion actuator, a set of generatrix rollers, a lower template, a bottom mold cavity, and a fine-tuning mechanism, as detailed below:

[0007] The upper and lower templates are set horizontally and parallel to each other. The upper template has a motion actuator and a set of busbar rollers installed at the bottom. The motion actuator is driven by a hydraulic cylinder, which is connected to the roller frame through a flange. The busbar rollers are installed on the roller frame to form the upper mold motion mechanism. The lower template has a fine-tuning mechanism for the template gap at the top. The bottom mold cavity is set at the top of the fine-tuning mechanism to form the lower mold shaping mechanism.

[0008] The bottom model cavity corresponds to the busbar roller assembly. The bottom model cavity is set on the wedge block of the fine-tuning mechanism through the lower support plate. The bottom surface of the support plate is a wedge-shaped surface, and the top surface of the wedge block is a wedge-shaped surface that matches and is in close contact with the bottom surface of the support plate. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to one side of the wedge block. The hydraulic system drives the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the gap between the bottom model cavity and the upper template by adjusting the position of the wedge block. After the adjustment is completed, the gap between the bottom model cavity and the upper template is fixed by the locking device.

[0009] The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles has a locking device equipped with screws and nuts. The upper and lower templates are connected and fixed by matching screws and nuts. Upper template mounting ears are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the upper template, and lower template mounting ears are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower template. The upper template mounting ears and lower template mounting ears correspond one-to-one and are connected by matching screws and nuts.

[0010] The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles has a heating and heat preservation structure for the bottom mold cavity set at the top of the lower template. The left and right heating plates of the heating and heat preservation structure are arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the fine-tuning mechanism and the bottom mold cavity.

[0011] The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles also includes an alignment adjustment mechanism. The alignment adjustment mechanism adopts a set screw mechanism located on the left and right sides of the bottom mold cavity to adjust the alignment of the bottom mold cavity and the busbar roller assembly, ensuring that the axis of the busbar roller assembly and the bottom mold cavity are consistent. Positioning marks are designed on the bottom mold cavity to ensure the consistency of metal profile forming.

[0012] The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles has a motion actuator that connects to the upper template and the busbar roller assembly. The hydraulic cylinder on the actuator drives the busbar roller assembly to reciprocate linearly in the horizontal direction. The busbar roller assembly is a driven roller, and its roller outline is designed according to the profile specifications. Under the drive of the motion actuator, the busbar roller assembly completes the processing of the metal profile in the bottom mold cavity.

[0013] The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles also includes a control system. The control system uses a PLC as the control core and has a human-machine interface. In order to ensure the safety of system operation, a grating sensor is installed in the control system.

[0014] The aforementioned precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles includes an upper mold motion mechanism in which a motion actuator that reciprocates along a straight line at the bottom of the upper mold plate is equipped with a set of busbar rollers of different specifications and busbar structures; and a lower mold shaping mechanism in which a bottom mold cavity with different surface structures is fixedly installed on the lower mold plate. The sheet metal is extruded and sheared by the unidirectional linear motion of the hydraulic cylinder of the motion actuator and the driven busbar roller set, and the metal flows to fill the bottom mold surface to realize the processing of the metal profile. The upper mold motion mechanism is hydraulically driven, and the forming speed is controlled by adjusting the hydraulic proportional valve. The lower mold shaping mechanism adjusts the distance between the upper and lower mold plates by moving up and down.

[0015] A precision plastic forming method for metal profiles is disclosed. This forming method is a multi-stage progressive forming method. Using a sheet of a certain thickness as raw material, a motion actuator installed on the upper template drives a set of busbar rollers with different patterns, which work in conjunction with different profile bottom mold cavities installed on the lower template to complete the profile processing. The specifications of the rollers in the busbar roller set increase sequentially along the processing direction. Multi-stage progressive forming is completed under the rolling of the busbar roller set and the constraint of the bottom mold cavity.

[0016] The aforementioned precision plastic forming method for metal profiles employs a hydraulically driven upper mold motion mechanism, equipped with an overflow system, and utilizes a PID control algorithm for drive control.

[0017] The precision plastic forming method for metal profiles employs finite element numerical simulation to optimize and match the outer contour of the busbar roller assembly and the structure of the bottom mold cavity. The roller contour of the busbar roller assembly and the structure of the bottom mold cavity are designed to match the structure of the product to be processed. The busbar roller assembly and the bottom mold cavity are replaced according to the matching design. Each roller of the busbar roller assembly completes the processing of the metal profile in a single pass.

[0018] The design concept of this invention is:

[0019] This invention relates to a precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles. Its mechanical structure comprises three parts: an upper template with a motion actuator, a lower template with a bottom mold cavity, a continuous fine-tuning mechanism for adjusting the gap between the upper and lower templates, and a centering mechanism. The specific structural form is as follows: The motion actuator of the precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles is mounted on the upper template, and a set of busbar rollers is mounted on the actuator. The motion actuator is driven by a hydraulic cylinder and is the main motion mechanism for metal profile processing. The bottom mold cavity is mounted on the lower template and remains stationary. The outer contour of the busbar roller set and the structural specifications of the bottom mold cavity can be designed according to the profile structural specifications. All rollers in the set are driven rollers. To ensure consistent profile forming, positioning marks are installed on the bottom mold cavity to guarantee consistent sheet material feeding. The bottom mold cavity can be adjusted for gap and centering via a continuous fine-tuning mechanism for the gap between the upper and lower mold plates mounted on the lower mold plate, and a left-right centering adjustment mechanism. The gap adjustment is hydraulically driven, using a wedge-shaped adjustment plate to continuously fine-tune the gap between the upper and lower mold plates, ensuring the forming device can adapt to forming metal profiles of different specifications and materials. To ensure the stability of profile forming, the continuous fine-tuning mechanism is equipped with a locking device. The left-right centering adjustment mechanism of the bottom mold cavity is manually adjusted using a set screw mechanism to ensure that the axis of the busbar roller assembly is aligned with the axis of the bottom mold cavity.

[0020] This invention presents a composite forming method based on rolling forming technology and extrusion forming principles. The forming equipment design employs a modular approach, using finite element numerical simulation to optimize the matching of the busbar roller assembly's outline and the bottom mold cavity structure. Driven by a motion actuator, the busbar roller assembly rolls the sheet metal, while the cavity structure installed in the bottom mold controls the sheet's extension. Under the rolling force of the busbar roller assembly, the sheet metal extends perpendicular to the rolling direction and, constrained by the bottom mold cavity, fills the cavity, completing the profile part processing. To ensure the system's stability and controllability, the equipment is driven by a hydraulic system, and the forming speed is controlled by a proportional valve. The control system uses PLC control and features a user-friendly human-machine interface, allowing flexible adjustment of forming speed, deformation, and the gap between the upper and lower mold plates according to the profile structure and forming process requirements. A grating safety protection system is incorporated into the control system design, providing safety protection functions and improving operational safety. The equipment adopts a modular design concept, which allows for flexible and better adjustments based on the wear and tear of each component, without the need for complete replacement.

[0021] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] (1) The present invention is a precision plastic forming method and equipment for metal profiles. The forming method is a multi-stage local progressive forming method, which has the advantages of high forming efficiency, high forming accuracy, small springback and good straightness, and small forming force. It can effectively reduce the forming force and reduce the tonnage of the forming equipment.

[0023] (2) The present invention is a precision plastic forming method and equipment for metal profiles. Its main forming mechanism, the busbar roller assembly and the bottom mold cavity can be easily replaced to realize plastic processing of profiles of different specifications.

[0024] (3) The present invention is a precision plastic forming method and equipment for metal profiles, which can realize cold forming, warm forming and hot forming of profiles with different materials and different structural forms.

[0025] (4) The present invention can be used for forming metal profiles of different specifications and cross-sectional forms by designing the number, specifications, busbar structure and bottom model surface structure of roller groups, including but not limited to channel steel, bulb flat steel and other products.

[0026] (5) This invention can be used for ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, composite materials, etc., and can also be used for hot forming, warm forming and cold forming.

[0027] (6) In order to ensure the adjustment of deformation and control of the gap between the upper and lower molds to adapt to the precision plastic forming of profiles with different specifications and thicknesses, a fine adjustment mechanism for adjusting the gap between the upper and lower molds is designed at the bottom of the lower mold. By changing the roller structure of the upper mold (busline roller group) and the groove specifications of the lower mold (bottom mold cavity), the precision plastic forming of metal profiles (channel steel) with different materials, different specifications and different deformation amounts can be realized. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1(a)-Figure 1(c) Figure 1(a) shows a semi-enclosed channel steel for metal profile parts, Figure 1(b) shows a channel steel for metal profile parts 2, and Figure 1(c) shows a bulb flat steel for metal profile parts 3.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the metal profile forming equipment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the motion actuator and the busbar roller assembly.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom model cavity.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gap adjustment mechanism between the upper and lower templates.

[0033] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1 Upper template (11 Upper template mounting ear), 2 Motion actuator (21 Hydraulic cylinder), 3 Busbar roller assembly, 4 Lower template (41 Lower template mounting ear), 5 Bottom mold cavity (51 Support plate), 6 Fine adjustment mechanism (61 Hydraulic cylinder, 62 Wedge block), 7 Heating and heat preservation structure (71 Left heating plate, 72 Right heating plate), 8 Roller assembly frame, 9 Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0034] In its specific implementation, the precision plastic forming method for metal profiles of this invention uses sheet metal of a certain thickness as raw material. In the upper mold motion mechanism, the motion actuator 2, which reciprocates linearly at the bottom of the upper mold plate 1, is equipped with a set of busbar rollers 3 of different specifications and busbar structures. In the lower mold shaping mechanism, the lower mold plate 4 is fixedly equipped with bottom mold cavities 5 of different surface structures. The sheet metal is extruded and sheared by the unidirectional linear motion of the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the motion actuator 2 and the driven busbar rollers 3, allowing the metal to flow and fill the bottom mold surface, thus achieving the processing of the metal profile. The upper mold motion mechanism is hydraulically driven, and the forming speed is controlled by adjusting the hydraulic proportional valve. The lower mold shaping mechanism adjusts the distance between the upper mold plate 1 and the lower mold plate 4 by moving them up and down.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1- Figure 5 As shown, the precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles of the present invention comprises the following mechanical structure: an upper template 1, a motion execution mechanism 2, a busbar roller group 3, a lower template 4, a bottom mold cavity 5, a fine-tuning mechanism 6, a heating and heat preservation structure 7, and a centering adjustment mechanism, the specific structure of which is as follows:

[0036] The upper template 1 and lower template 4 are arranged in a relatively parallel manner. The upper template 1 has a motion actuator 2 and a busbar roller assembly 3 installed at its bottom. The motion actuator 2 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder 21 and is connected to the roller assembly frame 8 through the hydraulic cylinder 21. The hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected to the roller assembly frame 8 through a flange. The busbar roller assembly 3 is installed on the roller assembly frame 8, forming the upper mold motion mechanism. The lower template 4 has a template gap fine-tuning mechanism 6 and a bottom mold cavity heating and insulation structure 7 at its top. The bottom mold cavity 5 is located at the top of the fine-tuning mechanism 6. The left heating plate 71 and the right heating plate 72 of the heating and insulation structure 7 are arranged relatively parallel on both sides of the fine-tuning mechanism 6 and the bottom mold cavity 5, forming the lower mold shaping mechanism.

[0037] The bottom model cavity 5 is positioned above the busbar roller assembly 3. The bottom model cavity 5 is mounted on the wedge block 62 of the fine-tuning mechanism 6 via a lower support plate 51. The bottom surface of the support plate 51 is a wedge-shaped surface, and the top surface of the wedge block 62 is a wedge-shaped surface that matches and is in close contact with the bottom surface of the support plate 51. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 61 is connected to one side of the wedge block 62. The hydraulic system drives the hydraulic cylinder 61 to adjust the gap between the bottom model cavity 5 and the upper template 1 by adjusting the position of the wedge block 62. After the adjustment is completed, the gap between the bottom model cavity 5 and the upper template 1 is fixed by a locking device.

[0038] The locking device is equipped with screws 9 and nuts. The upper template 1 and the lower template 4 are connected and fixed by matching screws 9 and nuts. Upper template mounting ears 11 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the upper template 1, and lower template mounting ears 41 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower template 4. The upper template mounting ears 11 and the lower template mounting ears 41 correspond one-to-one and are connected by matching screws 9 and nuts.

[0039] The centering adjustment mechanism adopts a set screw mechanism located on the left and right sides of the bottom mold cavity 5, which is used to adjust the centering of the bottom mold cavity and the busbar roller assembly to ensure that the axis of the busbar roller assembly and the bottom mold cavity are consistent; positioning marks are designed on the bottom mold cavity 5 to ensure the consistency of metal profile forming;

[0040] The motion actuator 2 connects the upper template 1 and the busbar roller group 3. The hydraulic cylinder 21 on it can drive the busbar roller group 3 to reciprocate linearly in the horizontal direction. The busbar roller group 3 is a driven roller. Its roller outline is designed according to the profile specifications. Under the drive of the motion actuator 2, the busbar roller group 3 completes the processing of the metal profile in the bottom model cavity 5.

[0041] The control system uses a PLC as its core and features a user-friendly human-machine interface. To ensure system safety, a light grating sensor is installed, enhancing operational safety.

[0042] As shown in Figure 1- Figure 5 As shown, the precision plastic forming method and equipment for metal profiles according to the present invention, the specific process of metal profile processing is as follows:

[0043] First, adjust the gap between the upper template 1 and the lower template 4 according to the profile structure, and center the bottom mold cavity 5 on the lower template 4. Then, place the sheet metal on the worktable manually or by robot, with the placement position controlled by the markings on the bottom mold cavity 5. After centering, press the start button on the PLC control panel. The motion actuator drives the busbar roller group 3 to process the positioned sheet metal. The motion actuator 2 has two working modes: single-step operation and automatic operation. After processing, the motion actuator 2 can automatically return or be manually operated to return to its original position. When the motion actuator 2 returns to its original position, remove the formed part, and the metal profile processing is completed. This invention is a composite forming method based on rolling forming technology and extrusion forming principle, using a multi-stage progressive forming method to realize metal profile processing. This forming method can realize cold forming, warm forming, and hot forming of profiles with different materials and different cavity structures. It is a highly efficient and precise multi-stage progressive plastic forming method.

[0044] In this forming method, the finite element numerical simulation method is used to optimize and match the outer contour of the busbar roller group and the structure of the bottom mold cavity. The roller contour of the busbar roller group and the structure of the bottom mold cavity are designed to match the structure of the product to be processed. The busbar roller group and the bottom mold cavity are replaced according to the matching design. Each roller of the busbar roller group completes the processing of the metal profile in a single pass.

[0045] The results show that the precision plastic forming method and equipment for metal profiles of the present invention is a multi-stage local progressive forming method with advantages such as high forming efficiency, high forming accuracy, small springback of the formed product, small forming force, and multi-stage adjustability. The forming equipment adopts a modular design concept, which is convenient to assemble and adjust, and operates stably and reliably.

Claims

1. A precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles, characterized in that, The mechanical structure of this equipment includes: an upper template, a motion actuator, a busbar roller assembly, a lower template, a bottom mold cavity, and a fine-tuning mechanism, as detailed below: The upper and lower templates are set horizontally and parallel to each other. The upper template has a motion actuator and a set of busbar rollers installed at the bottom. The motion actuator is driven by a hydraulic cylinder, which is connected to the roller frame through a flange. The busbar rollers are installed on the roller frame to form the upper mold motion mechanism. The lower template has a fine-tuning mechanism for the template gap at the top. The bottom mold cavity is set at the top of the fine-tuning mechanism to form the lower mold shaping mechanism. The bottom model cavity corresponds to the busbar roller assembly. The bottom model cavity is set on the wedge block of the fine-tuning mechanism via a lower support plate. The bottom surface of the support plate is a wedge-shaped surface, and the top surface of the wedge block is a wedge-shaped surface that matches and is in close contact with the bottom surface of the support plate. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to one side of the wedge block. The hydraulic system drives the hydraulic cylinder to adjust the gap between the bottom model cavity and the upper template by adjusting the position of the wedge block. After the adjustment is completed, the gap between the bottom model cavity and the upper template is fixed by a locking device. The motion actuator connects the upper template and the busbar roller assembly. The hydraulic cylinder on it drives the busbar roller assembly to reciprocate linearly in the horizontal direction. The busbar roller assembly is a driven roller, and its roller outline is designed according to the profile specifications. Under the drive of the motion actuator, the busbar roller assembly completes the processing of the metal profile in the bottom model cavity. This equipment adopts a multi-stage progressive forming method. The motion actuator installed on the upper template drives the busbar roller group of different specifications, which works in conjunction with the bottom mold cavity of different profiles installed on the lower template to complete the profile processing. The specifications of the rollers in the busbar roller group increase sequentially along the processing direction. Multi-stage progressive forming is completed under the rolling of the busbar roller group and the constraint of the bottom mold cavity. The locking device is equipped with screws and nuts. The upper template and the lower template are connected and fixed by matching screws and nuts. The upper template is symmetrically provided with upper template mounting ears on the left and right sides, and the lower template is symmetrically provided with lower template mounting ears on the left and right sides. The upper template mounting ears and the lower template mounting ears correspond one-to-one and are connected by matching screws and nuts. It also includes an alignment adjustment mechanism, which uses set screw mechanisms located on the left and right sides of the bottom mold cavity to adjust the alignment of the bottom mold cavity and the busbar roller assembly, ensuring that the axis of the busbar roller assembly and the bottom mold cavity are consistent; positioning marks are designed on the bottom mold cavity to ensure the consistency of metal profile forming; The bottom mold cavity undergoes gap and centering adjustments via a continuous fine-tuning mechanism for the gap between the upper and lower mold plates, which are mounted on the lower mold plate, and a left-right centering adjustment mechanism. The gap adjustment is hydraulically driven, using a wedge-shaped adjustment plate to continuously fine-tune the gap between the upper and lower mold plates, ensuring that the forming device can adapt to the forming of metal profiles of different specifications and materials. To ensure the stability of profile forming, the continuous fine-tuning mechanism is equipped with a locking device. The left-right centering adjustment mechanism of the bottom mold cavity is manually adjusted using a set screw mechanism to ensure that the axis of the busbar roller assembly is aligned with the axis of the bottom mold cavity.

2. The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the lower template is equipped with a heating and insulation structure for the bottom model cavity. The left and right heating plates of the heating and insulation structure are arranged parallel to each other on both sides of the fine-tuning mechanism and the bottom model cavity.

3. The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control system, which uses a PLC as the control core and has a human-machine interface. In order to ensure the safety of system operation, a grating sensor is installed in the control system.

4. The precision plastic forming equipment for metal profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the upper mold motion mechanism, the motion actuator that reciprocates along a straight line at the bottom of the upper mold plate is equipped with a set of busbar rollers of different specifications and busbar structures; in the lower mold shaping mechanism, the lower mold plate is fixedly installed with a bottom mold cavity of different surface structures. The hydraulic cylinder of the motion actuator moves in one direction linearly, and the driven busbar rollers squeeze and shear the sheet metal, and the metal flows to fill the bottom mold surface to realize the processing of metal profiles; the upper mold motion mechanism is hydraulically driven, and the forming speed is controlled by adjusting the hydraulic proportional valve; the lower mold shaping mechanism adjusts the distance between the upper and lower mold plates by moving up and down.

5. A method for precision plastic forming of a metal profile using the equipment described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, This forming method is a multi-stage progressive forming method. It uses a sheet of a certain thickness as raw material and drives a set of busbar rollers of different specifications through a motion actuator installed on the upper template. The busbar rollers are set with different profile bottom mold cavities installed on the lower template to complete the profile processing. The specifications of the rollers in the busbar roller set increase sequentially along the processing direction. Multi-stage progressive forming is completed under the rolling of the busbar roller set and the constraint of the bottom mold cavity.

6. The precision plastic forming method for metal profiles according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper mold motion mechanism is hydraulically driven and equipped with an overflow system, and the drive control is achieved using a PID control algorithm.

7. The precision plastic forming method for metal profiles according to claim 5, characterized in that, In this forming method, the finite element numerical simulation method is used to optimize and match the outer contour of the busbar roller group and the structure of the bottom mold cavity. The roller contour of the busbar roller group and the structure of the bottom mold cavity are designed to match the structure of the product to be processed. The busbar roller group and the bottom mold cavity are replaced according to the matching design. Each roller of the busbar roller group completes the processing of the metal profile in a single pass.

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