Heavy commercial vehicle variable cross-section cast front axle

Abstract

The application discloses a heavy commercial vehicle variable cross-section cast front axle, which comprises a Z-shaped cross-section middle part, I-shaped leaf spring seats connected to two ends of the Z-shaped cross-section middle part, and a fist part connected to the I-shaped leaf spring seats through a fist connecting part; the Z-shaped cross-section middle part comprises an inclined support surface, a lower support surface and an upper support surface, the inclined support surface extends from the front side of the lower support surface to the rear side of the upper support surface; the width and thickness of the lower support surface are 1.3-1.4 times of the width and thickness of the upper support surface. The Z-shaped cross-section design with fixed direction and different width and thickness of the upper and lower support surfaces is adopted in the middle part of the heavy commercial vehicle front axle, so that the heavy commercial vehicle front axle can not only meet the structural strength performance index under the vertical working condition, but also can reduce the deformation of the middle part of the heavy commercial vehicle front axle by more than 35% when the heavy commercial vehicle front axle is subjected to impact force, and the deformation rate of the heavy commercial vehicle front axle after the impact can be greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of heavy-duty commercial vehicle technology and relates to a variable cross-section cast front axle for heavy-duty commercial vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Vehicles are widely used in road and engineering transportation. The front axle is one of the important load-bearing components of heavy commercial vehicles. Its load-bearing capacity determines the overall load-bearing capacity of the vehicle, while its weight affects the vehicle's fuel consumption and other economic indicators. Under the premise of meeting load-bearing capacity requirements, lighter weight is always more advantageous.

[0003] Currently, the front axles on the market widely use forged alloy steel with a symmetrical "I"-shaped cross-section. The "I"-shaped front axle is heavy, requires high energy consumption from heavy forging equipment, has expensive mold development costs, and a long product development and production cycle. These inherent disadvantages affect the overall vehicle economy and are not conducive to energy conservation and emission reduction. Furthermore, this type of front axle structure suffers from significant deformation in the fist-shaped section and middle section during vehicle braking and impact forces. Bending and deformation of the front axle inevitably leads to after-sales quality issues such as brake vibration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heavy-duty commercial vehicle variable cross-section cast front axle, which is lightweight, has small deformation after impact, and has low energy consumption and cost.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a variable cross-section cast front axle for heavy-duty commercial vehicles, including a Z-shaped cross-section in the middle, with I-shaped leaf spring seats connected to both ends of the Z-shaped cross-section in the middle, and the I-shaped leaf spring seats connected to the fist-shaped part through a fist-shaped connecting part; the Z-shaped cross-section in the middle includes an inclined support surface, a lower support surface and an upper support surface, the inclined support surface extends from the front side of the lower support surface to the rear side of the upper support surface, and the side where the inclined support surface connects to the lower support surface is in the driving direction; the width and thickness of the lower support surface are 1.3 to 1.4 times the width and thickness of the upper support surface.

[0006] Furthermore, the I-shaped leaf spring seat and the fist connection have four asymmetrical reinforcing ribs on the front and rear sides in the driving direction: a first reinforcing rib, a second reinforcing rib, a third reinforcing rib and a fourth reinforcing rib; the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are arranged alternately, and the thickness of the fourth reinforcing rib is 1.8 to 2.2 times that of the third reinforcing rib.

[0007] Furthermore, the I-shaped leaf spring seat has a lower support surface I and a lower support surface II, and the thickness of the lower support surface I is 1.1 to 1.2 times the thickness of the lower support surface II.

[0008] Furthermore, the fist-shaped connecting part has an asymmetrical first and second weight-reducing groove on the front and rear sides in the driving direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the fist part has a variable cross-section structure, with the upper and lower ends of the fist part having a thickness of 15mm to 20mm, and being thickened by 3mm to 5mm on the front and rear sides in the direction of travel.

[0010] Furthermore, a pin hole is opened in the middle of the fist, and the lower end of the fist is 1.1 to 1.3 times the diameter of the upper end of the fist.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0012] This invention achieves maximum front axle weight reduction by designing a variable cross-section for the front axle, taking into account the manufacturability of the manufacturing process, and optimizing the arrangement and structure of the reinforcing ribs and weight-reducing grooves on both sides. While meeting the strength and stiffness performance indicators for various actual operating conditions, it also realizes a production method revolution of replacing forging with casting and a material revolution of replacing alloy steel with ductile iron. This saves on heavy forging equipment and large mold development costs, shortens product development and production cycles, and has significant economic and social benefits.

[0013] 1. The heavy-duty commercial vehicle front axle of the present invention adopts a "Z" shaped cross-section design with a fixed direction and different widths and thicknesses of the upper and lower support surfaces. This not only enables the heavy-duty commercial vehicle front axle to meet the structural strength performance indicators under vertical working conditions, but also reduces the deformation of the middle section of the heavy-duty commercial vehicle front axle by more than 35% when subjected to impact force, which can significantly reduce the after-sales failure rate of the heavy-duty commercial vehicle front axle under impact force.

[0014] 2. The heavy-duty commercial vehicle front axle of this invention features a symmetrical "I"-shaped leaf spring seat and a fist-shaped connecting part on both sides. Through topology optimization design, asymmetrical reinforcing ribs and weight-reducing grooves are arranged. This not only ensures that the heavy-duty commercial vehicle front axle meets the structural strength performance indicators under braking conditions, but also reduces the deformation of the heavy-duty commercial vehicle front axle on both sides during vehicle braking by more than 15%, effectively reducing the after-sales failure rate of the heavy-duty commercial vehicle front axle due to deformation during vehicle braking. At the same time, the structural design comprehensively considers the manufacturability of the casting front axle production method. The asymmetrical weight-reducing groove design simplifies the mold core and significantly reduces mold development costs, while the staggered reinforcing rib design avoids heat sintering of the casting and improves the casting qualification rate.

[0015] 3. The variable cross-section design method of locally thickening the upper and lower ends of the front axle of the heavy commercial vehicle in the present invention can reduce the edge stress of the kingpin hole of the front axle of the heavy commercial vehicle by more than 10% under vertical working conditions, effectively avoiding the failure mode of hole cracking.

[0016] 4. The heavy-duty commercial vehicle front axle of the present invention realizes the production method of casting instead of forging and the material of ductile iron instead of alloy steel, which saves heavy forging equipment and large mold development costs, shortens the product development and production cycle by more than half, and has significant economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the variable cross-section cast front axle for heavy-duty commercial vehicles according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the variable cross-section cast front axle for heavy commercial vehicles according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view of the variable cross-section cast front axle structure for heavy-duty commercial vehicles according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the middle AA;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the middle BB;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the CC axis;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the middle DD;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the middle EE;

[0025] In the figure, 1. the middle part of the Z-shaped section, 2. the fist-shaped connecting part, 3. the fist part, 4. the inclined support surface, 5. the lower support surface, 6. the upper support surface, 7. the first reinforcing rib, 8. the second reinforcing rib, 9. the third reinforcing rib, 10. the fourth reinforcing rib, 11. the first weight-reducing groove, 12. the second weight-reducing groove, 13. the lower support surface I of the leaf spring seat, 14. the lower support surface II of the leaf spring seat; 15. the upper end of the fist part, 16. the lower end of the fist part. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a heavy-duty commercial vehicle variable cross-section cast front axle includes a Z-shaped cross-section middle section 1, with I-shaped leaf spring seats connected to both ends of the Z-shaped cross-section middle section 1. The I-shaped leaf spring seats are connected to the fist section 3 through the fist connecting part 2. The Z-shaped cross-section middle section 1 includes an inclined support surface 4, a lower support surface 5, and an upper support surface 6. The inclined support surface 4 extends from the front side of the lower support surface 5 to the rear side of the upper support surface 6. The side where the inclined support surface 4 connects to the lower support surface 5 is in the driving direction. The width and thickness of the lower support surface 5 are 1.3 to 1.4 times the width and thickness of the upper support surface 6.

[0028] The "Z" shaped section design with fixed direction and different width and thickness of upper and lower support surface not only makes the front axle of heavy commercial vehicle meet the structural strength performance index under vertical working condition, but also reduces the deformation of the middle section of the front axle of heavy commercial vehicle by more than 35% when it is subjected to impact force, which can greatly reduce the deformation failure rate of the front axle of heavy commercial vehicle after impact.

[0029] As shown in Figures 2-3 and Figure 6 , the I-shaped plate spring seat and fist connecting part 2 have four asymmetric reinforcing ribs on the front and rear sides in the driving direction: the first reinforcing rib 7, the second reinforcing rib 8, the third reinforcing rib 9 and the fourth reinforcing rib 10; the first reinforcing rib 7 and the second reinforcing rib 8 are staggered, and the thickness of the fourth reinforcing rib 10 is 1.8-2.2 times that of the third reinforcing rib 9.

[0030] The I-shaped plate spring seat and fist connecting part are designed by topology optimization, and are provided with asymmetric reinforcing ribs and weight reduction grooves, which not only make the front axle of heavy commercial vehicle meet the structural strength performance index under braking condition, but also reduce the deformation of the two sides of the front axle of heavy commercial vehicle by more than 15% when the vehicle brakes, which can effectively reduce the deformation failure rate of the front axle of heavy commercial vehicle when the vehicle brakes;

[0031] As shown in Figure 5 , the I-shaped plate spring seat has a plate spring seat lower support surface I13 and a plate spring seat lower support surface II14, and the thickness of the plate spring seat lower support surface I13 is 1.1-1.2 times that of the plate spring seat lower support surface II14.

[0032] The fist connecting part 2 has asymmetric first and second weight reduction grooves 11 and 12 on the front and rear sides in the driving direction.

[0033] As shown in Figures 7-8 , the fist part 3 is a variable cross-section structure, the upper end 15 and the lower end 16 of the fist part have a thickness of 15-20 mm, and are thickened by 3-5 mm on the front and rear sides in the driving direction.

[0034] The fist part 3 has a pin hole in the middle, and the lower end 16 of the fist part is 1.1-1.3 times the diameter of the upper end 15 of the fist part.

[0035] The variable cross-section design method of locally thickening the upper and lower ends of the fist part on the front and rear sides in the driving direction can reduce the stress of the edge of the king pin hole of the front axle of heavy commercial vehicle under vertical working condition by more than 10%, effectively avoiding the failure mode of hole cracking.

Claims

1. A heavy commercial vehicle variable cross-section cast front axle, characterized in that, The Z-shaped section middle part (1) is connected with the I-shaped plate spring seat at both ends, and the I-shaped plate spring seat is connected with the fist part (3) through the fist connecting part (2); the Z-shaped section middle part (1) comprises the inclined support surface (4), the lower support surface (5) and the upper support surface (6), the inclined support surface (4) extends from the front side of the lower support surface (5) to the rear side of the upper support surface (6), and the side, at which the inclined support surface (4) is connected with the lower support surface (5), is the direction of the crane; the width and thickness of the lower support surface (5) are 1.3-1.4 times of the width and thickness of the upper support surface (6); The I-shaped plate spring seat and the fist connecting part (2) are provided with four asymmetric reinforcing ribs on the front and rear sides in the direction of the crane, the first reinforcing rib (7) and the second reinforcing rib (8) are arranged on one side, and the third reinforcing rib (9) and the fourth reinforcing rib (10) are arranged on the other side; the first reinforcing rib (7) and the second reinforcing rib (8) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the thickness of the fourth reinforcing rib (10) is 1.8-2.2 times of the thickness of the third reinforcing rib (9); The I-shaped plate spring seat is provided with the plate spring seat lower support surface I (13) and the plate spring seat lower support surface II (14) on the front and rear sides in the direction of the crane, and the thickness of the plate spring seat lower support surface I (13) is 1.1-1.2 times of the thickness of the plate spring seat lower support surface II (14); The fist connecting part (2) is provided with the asymmetric first weight-reducing groove (11) and the second weight-reducing groove (12) on the front and rear sides in the direction of the crane.

2. A heavy duty commercial vehicle variable cross-section cast front axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fist part (3) is a variable cross-section structure, the thickness of the upper end (15) and the lower end (16) of the fist part is 15-20 mm, and the thickness of the upper end (15) and the lower end (16) is increased by 3-5 mm on the front and rear sides in the direction of the crane.

3. A heavy duty commercial vehicle variable cross-section cast front axle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The fist part (3) is provided with a pin hole in the middle, and the diameter of the lower end (16) of the fist part is 1.1-1.3 times of the diameter of the upper end (15) of the fist part.

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