Capacity control valve

Abstract

The present invention provides a capacity control valve having a fluid discharge function at startup and high operating efficiency. The capacity control valve (V) comprises: a valve housing (10) having a discharge port (12) for a discharge fluid of a discharge pressure (Pd) passing therethrough, a suction port (15) for a suction fluid of a suction pressure (Ps) passing therethrough, and control ports (13, 14) for a control fluid of a control pressure (Pc) passing therethrough; a rod (52, 54) driven by a solenoid (80); and a main valve (50) composed of a main valve seat (10a) and a main valve core (51), and The movement of (52, 54) opens and closes the connection between the discharge port (12) and the control port (13), wherein the capacity control valve (V) comprises: a CS valve (56) which opens and closes the connection between the control fluid and the intake fluid by the movement of the rod (52, 54); and a force applying unit (91) which applies force to the main valve core (51) and the rod (52, 54) in opposite directions to each other, and the main valve core (51) and the rod (52, 54) are configured to be able to move relative to each other in the axial direction.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the Chinese application with the application date of July 9, 2019, application number 201980044138.2, and invention name “Capacity Control Valve”. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to a capacity control valve for variably controlling the capacity of a working fluid, and for example, to a capacity control valve for controlling the discharge volume of a variable capacity compressor used in an automobile air conditioning system according to pressure. Background Art

[0003] Variable capacity compressors used in air conditioning systems in automobiles and other applications consist of a rotating shaft driven by the engine, a swash plate connected to the rotating shaft at a variable inclination angle, and a compression piston connected to the swash plate. By varying the inclination angle of the swash plate, the piston stroke is varied, thereby controlling the amount of fluid discharged. Using a capacity control valve driven open and closed by electromagnetic force, the pressure in the control chamber, Pc, is controlled by appropriately controlling the pressure in the control chamber, utilizing the suction pressure Ps of the suction chamber that draws in fluid, the discharge pressure Pd of the discharge chamber that discharges fluid pressurized by the piston, and the control pressure Pc of the control chamber that houses the swash plate. This allows the swash plate's inclination angle to be continuously varied.

[0004] During continuous drive of the variable capacity compressor (hereinafter sometimes referred to simply as "continuous drive"), the capacity control valve is normally controlled as follows: energization is controlled by the control computer, and the electromagnetic force generated by the solenoid causes the valve core to move axially, opening and closing the main valve to adjust the control pressure Pc in the control chamber of the variable capacity compressor.

[0005] During normal operation, the capacity control valve appropriately controls the pressure in the control chamber of the variable capacity compressor, continuously changing the inclination angle of the swash plate relative to the rotational axis. This, in turn, varies the piston stroke, controlling the amount of fluid discharged from the discharge chamber and adjusting the air conditioning system to the desired cooling capacity. Furthermore, when operating the variable capacity compressor at maximum capacity, the capacity control valve's main valve is closed to reduce the pressure in the control chamber, thereby maximizing the inclination angle of the swash plate.

[0006] In addition, a capacity control valve is also known, which forms an auxiliary communication path that connects the control port and the suction port of the capacity control valve. During startup, the refrigerant in the control chamber of the variable capacity compressor is discharged into the suction chamber of the variable capacity compressor through the control port, the auxiliary communication path, and the suction port, so that the pressure in the control chamber is quickly reduced during startup, thereby improving the responsiveness of the variable capacity compressor (see Patent Document 1).

[0007] Prior art literature

[0008] Patent Literature

[0009] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 5167121 (page 7, Figure 2 ) Summary of the Invention

[0010] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0011] However, in Patent Document 1, although the fluid discharge function is excellent at startup, when the variable capacity compressor is continuously driven, the auxiliary communication path is connected, and the refrigerant flows from the control port into the suction port. Therefore, there is a possibility that the controllability of the pressure in the control chamber will deteriorate and the operating efficiency of the variable capacity compressor will decrease.

[0012] The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a displacement control valve having a fluid discharge function at startup and high operating efficiency.

[0013] Means for solving problems

[0014] To solve the above-mentioned problems, the capacity control valve of the present invention comprises: a valve housing having a discharge port through which a discharge fluid at a discharge pressure passes, a suction port through which a suction fluid at a suction pressure passes, and a control port through which a control fluid at a control pressure passes; a rod driven by a solenoid; and a main valve composed of a main valve seat and a main valve element, the movement of the rod opening and closing the communication between the discharge port and the control port.

[0015] The capacity control valve has:

[0016] a CS valve that opens and closes the communication between the control port and the suction port by movement of the rod; and

[0017] a force applying unit for applying force to the main valve core and the rod in opposite directions;

[0018] The main valve element and the rod are arranged to be relatively movable in the axial direction.

[0019] Thus, since the main valve core is configured to move relative to the rod, the main valve can be controlled while the CS valve is closed. Furthermore, during startup and when the main valve is closed in the maximum energized state, the rod opens the CS valve, connecting the control port to the suction port, thereby maintaining the control pressure and suction pressure at equal pressure (the same pressure). Furthermore, by closing the CS valve and disconnecting the control port from the suction port when controlling the main valve in the energized state, the control fluid can be prevented from flowing into the area where the suction fluid is introduced. This improves the discharge of liquid refrigerant and the operating efficiency of the variable capacity compressor during startup.

[0020] The main valve element may include a locking portion for preventing relative movement of the rod in the axial direction.

[0021] Thus, the locking portion can accurately position the valve element in the axial direction relative to the stem.

[0022] The CS valve may also be a slide valve structure.

[0023] Thus, due to the spool valve structure, the CS valve is closed when the rod has an axial stroke exceeding a predetermined amount, and the CS valve can be reliably closed.

[0024] The main valve element and the rod may each be provided with a contact portion that contacts each other in the axial direction.

[0025] Thereby, the maximum opening degree of the CS valve can be adjusted.

[0026] Alternatively, the main valve element may have an inner periphery that slides on the rod and an outer periphery that slides on the valve housing.

[0027] This stabilizes the relative movement between the main valve element and the rod in the axial direction.

[0028] The rod may be provided with a spring receiving portion against which one end of the biasing unit abuts.

[0029] This simplifies the sliding structure of the main valve element relative to the rod.

[0030] Alternatively, a pressure-driven valve opened and closed by the suction pressure may be provided.

[0031] A hollow communication passage is formed in the rod, which allows the control port to communicate with the suction port by opening and closing the pressure-driven valve.

[0032] Thus, even at the time of startup, the refrigerant can be discharged through the pressure-driven valve, and thus the refrigerant can be discharged quickly.

[0033] The control port may include a first control port and a second control port, and the control ports may be arranged in the order of the suction port, the second control port, the discharge port, and the first control port from the solenoid side.

[0034] Thus, the suction port and the second control port are adjacent to each other, so that the capacity control valve including the CS valve has a simple structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 1. It is a schematic structural diagram showing a swash plate type variable displacement compressor incorporating a displacement control valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the main valve is open and the CS valve is closed in a non-energized state of the capacity control valve of the embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3 The diagram shows a case where the main valve is open and the CS valve is closed in the non-energized state of the capacity control valve of the embodiment. Figure 2 An enlarged cross-sectional view of

[0038] Figure 4 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the main valve is closed and the CS valve is closed in the energized state (normal control) of the capacity control valve of the embodiment;

[0039] Figure 5 The diagram shows a case where the main valve is closed and the CS valve is closed in the energized state of the capacity control valve of the embodiment (normal control). Figure 4 An enlarged cross-sectional view of

[0040] Figure 6 sectional views showing a state in which the main valve is closed and the CS valve is open during control of the capacity control valve in an energized state (at startup) and a maximum energized state according to the embodiment;

[0041] Figure 7 The diagram shows the case where the main valve is closed and the CS valve is open during the energized state (at startup) and the maximum energized state of the capacity control valve of the embodiment. Figure 6 An enlarged cross-sectional view of

[0042] Figure 8 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a state in which the main valve is open and the CS valve is closed in a non-energized state of a displacement control valve according to a modification of the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Hereinafter, modes for implementing the capacity control valve of the present invention will be described based on embodiments.

[0044] Example

[0045] Reference Figures 1 to 7 The capacity control valve of the embodiment will be described. Figure 2 The left and right sides when viewed from the front are described as the left and right sides of the capacity control valve.

[0046] The capacity control valve V of the present invention is incorporated into a variable capacity compressor M used in an air conditioning system of an automobile or the like, and variably controls the pressure of the refrigerant, or working fluid (hereinafter referred to as "fluid"), thereby controlling the discharge volume of the variable capacity compressor M and adjusting the air conditioning system to the desired cooling capacity.

[0047] First, the variable capacity compressor M will be described. Figure 1As shown, a variable capacity compressor M includes a housing 1 having a discharge chamber 2, a suction chamber 3, a control chamber 4, and a plurality of cylinders 4a. Furthermore, a communication passage (not shown) is provided in the variable capacity compressor M, directly connecting the control chamber 4 and the suction chamber 3. A fixed orifice is provided in this communication passage for balancing the pressures in the suction chamber 3 and the control chamber 4.

[0048] In addition, the variable capacity compressor M comprises: a rotating shaft 5, which is rotationally driven by an engine (not shown) provided on the outside of the housing 1; a swash plate 6, which is eccentrically connected to the rotating shaft 5 via a hinge mechanism 8 in the control chamber 4; and a plurality of pistons 7, which are connected to the swash plate 6 and are freely reciprocatingly engaged in each cylinder 4a, wherein a capacity control valve V is used to be opened and closed by electromagnetic force, and the pressure in the control chamber 4 is appropriately controlled by utilizing the suction pressure Ps of the suction chamber 3 for sucking in fluid, the discharge pressure Pd of the discharge chamber 2 for discharging the fluid pressurized by the piston 7, and the control pressure Pc of the control chamber 4 that accommodates the swash plate 6, so that the inclination angle of the swash plate 6 is continuously changed, thereby changing the stroke amount of the piston 7 to control the discharge amount of the fluid. In addition, for the sake of convenience, in Figure 1 In FIG, the capacity control valve V incorporated in the variable capacity compressor M is omitted from illustration.

[0049] Specifically, as the control pressure Pc within the control chamber 4 increases, the tilt angle of the swash plate 6 relative to the rotating shaft 5 decreases, reducing the stroke of the piston 7. However, when the pressure reaches a certain level or above, the swash plate 6 becomes approximately perpendicular to the rotating shaft 5, that is, slightly tilted from perpendicular. At this point, the stroke of the piston 7 is minimized, and the pressure applied by the piston 7 to the fluid within the cylinder 4a is minimized. As a result, the amount of fluid discharged into the discharge chamber 2 decreases, minimizing the cooling capacity of the air conditioning system. On the other hand, as the control pressure Pc within the control chamber 4 decreases, the tilt angle of the swash plate 6 relative to the rotating shaft 5 increases, increasing the stroke of the piston 7. However, when the pressure reaches a certain level or below, the tilt angle of the swash plate 6 relative to the rotating shaft 5 reaches its maximum. At this point, the stroke of the piston 7 is maximized, and the pressure applied by the piston 7 to the fluid within the cylinder 4a is maximized. As a result, the amount of fluid discharged into the discharge chamber 2 increases, maximizing the cooling capacity of the air conditioning system.

[0050] like Figure 2As shown, the capacity control valve V assembled in the variable capacity compressor M adjusts the current supplied to the coil 86 constituting the solenoid 80 to control the opening and closing of the main valve 50, the sub-valve 55, and the CS valve 56 in the capacity control valve V. In addition, the pressure sensitive body 61 is actuated by the suction pressure Ps in the intermediate communication passage 57 as a hollow communication passage to control the opening and closing of the pressure sensitive valve 53 as a pressure-driven valve, thereby controlling the fluid flowing into or out of the control chamber 4, thereby variably controlling the control pressure Pc in the control chamber 4.

[0051] In this embodiment, the main valve 50 consists of a main valve element 51 and a main valve seat 10a formed on the inner circumferential surface of the valve housing 10. The main valve 50 is opened and closed by the contact or separation between the axially left end 51a of the main valve element 51 and the main valve seat 10a. The pressure-sensitive valve 53 is composed of a cover 70 constituting the pressure-sensitive body 61 and a pressure-sensitive valve seat 52a formed on the axially left end of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52, which serves as a rod. The pressure-sensitive valve 53 is opened and closed by the contact or separation between the sealing surface 70a formed on the outer diameter side of the axially right end of the cover 70 and the pressure-sensitive valve seat 52a. The auxiliary valve 55 is composed of an auxiliary valve element 54 serving as a rod and an auxiliary valve seat 82a formed on the open end face, i.e., the axially left end face, of the fixed iron core 82. The auxiliary valve 55 is opened and closed by the contact or separation between the axially right end 54a of the auxiliary valve element 54 and the auxiliary valve seat 82a. The CS valve 56 is a sliding valve structure, and is composed of an annular protrusion 54c formed on the outer peripheral surface of the auxiliary valve core 54 and a CS valve seat 10c formed on the inner peripheral surface of an annular protrusion extending toward the inner diameter side of the valve housing 10. The CS valve 56 is opened and closed by the contact or separation between the annular protrusion 54c of the auxiliary valve core 54 and the CS valve seat 10c.

[0052] Next, the structure of the capacity control valve V will be described. Figure 2 As shown, the capacity control valve V is mainly composed of the following parts: a valve housing 10, which is formed of a metal material or a resin material; a main valve core 51, a pressure-sensitive valve component 52 and an auxiliary valve core 54, which are arranged in the valve housing 10 so as to be able to move back and forth axially; a pressure-sensitive body 61, which applies an axial rightward force to the pressure-sensitive valve component 52 and the auxiliary valve core 54 according to the suction pressure Ps in the intermediate connecting path 57; and a solenoid 80, which is connected to the valve housing 10 and applies a driving force to the main valve core 51, the pressure-sensitive valve component 52 and the auxiliary valve core 54.

[0053] like Figure 2As shown, the solenoid 80 is mainly composed of the following parts: a shell 81, which has an opening portion 81a opened axially to the left; a fixed iron core 82 of a roughly cylindrical shape, which is inserted into the opening portion 81a of the shell 81 from the axial left and fixed to the inner diameter side of the shell 81; a drive rod 83, which can move back and forth axially on the inner diameter side of the fixed iron core 82, and its axial left end is connected and fixed to the auxiliary valve core 54; a movable iron core 84, which is fixed to the axial right end of the drive rod 83; a coil spring 85, which is arranged between the fixed iron core 82 and the movable iron core 84 to apply force to the movable iron core 84 axially to the right; and an excitation coil 86, which is wound on the outside of the fixed iron core 82 via a winding frame.

[0054] The housing 81 has a recessed portion 81 b formed at the inner diameter side of the axial left end thereof, which is recessed axially rightward. The axial right end portion of the valve housing 10 is fitted and fixed to the recessed portion 81 b in a substantially sealed manner.

[0055] The fixed iron core 82 is formed of a rigid body of magnetic material such as iron and silicon steel, and comprises: a cylindrical portion 82b, which is formed with an insertion hole 82c extending in the axial direction and for the drive rod 83 to be inserted; and an annular flange portion 82d, which extends from the outer peripheral surface of the axial left end portion of the cylindrical portion 82b in the outer diameter direction, wherein a sub-valve seat 82a is formed on the axial left end surface of the cylindrical portion 82b.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the valve housing 10 is provided with: a Pd port 12 serving as a discharge port, which is communicated with the discharge chamber 2 of the variable capacity compressor M; a first Pc port 13 serving as a control port and a first control port, which is communicated with the control chamber 4 of the variable capacity compressor M; a second Pc port 14 serving as a control port and a second control port, which is adjacent to the axial right of the Pd port 12 and is communicated with the control chamber 4 of the variable capacity compressor M; and a Ps port 15 serving as a suction port, which is communicated with the suction chamber 3 of the variable capacity compressor M.

[0057] The valve housing 10 has a bottomed, generally cylindrical shape by press-fitting a spacing adjustment member 11 into its axial left end in a generally sealed manner. The spacing adjustment member 11 can adjust the biasing force of the pressure sensitive body 61 by adjusting the axial position of the valve housing 10 .

[0058] Inside the valve housing 10, a main valve core 51, a pressure-sensitive valve component 52 and an auxiliary valve core 54 are arranged so as to be able to move back and forth freely in the axial direction. A small-diameter guide surface 10b is formed on a part of the inner peripheral surface of the valve housing 10, which can allow the outer peripheral surface of the main valve core 51 to slide in a roughly sealed state, and a small-diameter CS valve seat 10c is formed which can allow the annular protrusion 54c of the auxiliary valve core 54 to contact or separate.

[0059] Furthermore, within the valve housing 10, there are formed a first valve chamber 20, which communicates with the Pd port 12 and is located on the axially left end 51a side of the main valve element 51; a second valve chamber 30, which communicates with the second Pc port 14 and is located on the axially right end 51f side of the main valve element 51 and the axially left end 54g side of the sub-valve element 54; a pressure-sensitive chamber 60, which communicates with the first Pc port 13 and is located on the axially left side of the pressure-sensitive valve seat 52a of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52; and a third valve chamber 40, which communicates with the Ps port 15 and is located on the axially right end 54a side of the sub-valve element 54. The second valve chamber 30 is defined by the outer circumferential surfaces of the main valve element 51 and the sub-valve element 54, and the inner circumferential surface of the valve housing 10, which is located axially to the right of the guide surface 10b and axially to the left of the CS valve seat 10c. The third valve chamber 40 is defined by the outer peripheral surface of the sub-valve element 54 , the axially left end surface of the fixed iron core 82 , and the inner peripheral surface of the valve housing 10 axially right of the CS valve seat 10 c .

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the pressure sensitive body 61 mainly comprises a bellows core 62 having a coil spring 63 built therein and a disc-shaped cover 70 provided at the axial right end of the bellows core 62 . The axial left end of the bellows core 62 is fixed to the separation adjustment member 11 .

[0061] Furthermore, the pressure-sensitive body 61 is disposed within the pressure-sensitive chamber 60. The coil spring 63 and the bellows core 62 generate a force that causes the cover 70 to move axially rightward, thereby seating the sealing surface 70a of the cover 70 on the pressure-sensitive valve seat 52a of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52. Furthermore, the cover 70 is subjected to a force that causes it to move axially leftward in response to the suction pressure Ps in the intermediate communication passage 57.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, the main valve element 51 has a stepped cylindrical shape and includes a mounting portion 51b, onto which the axially left end of the coil spring 91 serving as a biasing element is fitted; an annular surface 51c extending radially outward from the axially left end of the mounting portion 51b; and a cylindrical portion 51d extending axially leftward from the outer diameter of the annular surface 51c. This portion has a larger diameter than the mounting portion 51b and has an axially left end 51a that contacts and separates from the main valve seat 10a of the valve housing 10. Furthermore, a slight radial gap is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 51d and the guide surface 10b of the valve housing 10, enabling the main valve element 51 to slide smoothly relative to the valve housing 10 in the axial direction.

[0063] The main valve element 51 is formed into a stepped cylindrical shape, with the inner diameter of its inner cylindrical portion 51d (on the axially left side) larger than that of the mounting portion 51b (on the axially right side). An annular surface 51e is formed on the mounting portion 51b, approximately to the right of the annular surface 51c in the axial direction, extending radially outward from the axially left end of the inner circumferential surface of the mounting portion 51b and extending orthogonally thereto. Specifically, the mounting portion 51b is provided with a hook-shaped locking portion 51g that protrudes radially inward on the axially right side.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the pressure-sensitive valve component 52 is constructed in a roughly cylindrical shape and is roughly turret-shaped when viewed from the side, and has: a cylindrical portion 52b, on the outside of which the main valve core 51 is embedded; and an abutment portion 52c, which is formed on the axial left side of the cylindrical portion 52b with a diameter larger than that of the cylindrical portion 52b, and is formed with a pressure-sensitive valve seat 52a that contacts or separates from the sealing surface 70a of the cover 70 that constitutes the pressure-sensitive body 61.

[0065] Furthermore, an insert portion 52d having a slightly smaller diameter than the cylindrical portion 52b is formed at the axially right end of the cylindrical portion 52b of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52. This forms an annular surface 52e that extends radially outward from the axially left end of the insert portion 52d. Furthermore, a slight radial gap is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the retaining portion 51g of the main valve element 51 and the outer circumferential surface of the insert portion 52d of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52. This allows the main valve element 51 and the pressure-sensitive valve member 52 to slide smoothly relative to each other in the axial direction.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, the sub-valve element 51 is formed into a generally cylindrical shape with a flange. It comprises a cylindrical portion 54b with an axially right end 54a; an annular protrusion 54c that projects radially outward from the axially left side of the cylindrical portion 54b; and a mounting portion 54d, which has a smaller diameter than the cylindrical portion 54b and is fitted with the axially right end of the coil spring 91 on the axially left side of the annular protrusion 54c. The mounting portion 54d of the sub-valve element 54 has an outer diameter that is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the mounting portion 51b of the main valve element 51.

[0067] In addition, a recess 54e is formed on the mounting portion 54d of the auxiliary valve core 54, which is recessed axially to the right on the inner diameter side of the axial left end. The insertion portion 52d of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52 is inserted from the axial left, thereby integrally connecting and fixing the pressure-sensitive valve member 52 to the auxiliary valve core 54. Furthermore, a drive rod 83 is connected and fixed to the axial right end of the auxiliary valve core 54, so that the pressure-sensitive valve member 52, the auxiliary valve core 54, and the drive rod 83 can move axially as a whole. Furthermore, an intermediate connecting passage 57 is formed within the pressure-sensitive valve member 52 and the auxiliary valve core 51, extending entirely in the axial direction via a connecting hollow hole. Furthermore, the intermediate connecting passage 57 can communicate with the third valve chamber 40 via a connecting hole 83a formed at the axial left end of the drive rod 83. In addition, although the illustration is omitted for ease of explanation, if the variable capacity compressor M is left in a stopped state for a long time, the high-pressure fluid in the control chamber 4 may be liquefied. By starting the variable capacity compressor M and energizing the capacity control valve V, the main valve 50 is closed and the auxiliary valve 55 is opened, and then the pressure-sensitive body 61 contracts due to the high suction pressure Ps in the intermediate connecting path 57, and the pressure-sensitive valve 53 is opened, thereby enabling the liquid refrigerant in the control chamber 4 to be discharged to the suction chamber 3 via the intermediate connecting path 57 in a short period of time.

[0068] Furthermore, the annular protrusion 54c of the sub-valve core 54 reciprocates in the axial direction, thereby changing the amount of overlap between the annular protrusion 54c and the CS valve seat 10c formed on the inner peripheral surface of the valve housing 10 when viewed from the radial direction, thereby forming a CS valve 56 that opens and closes the communication between the control fluid passing through the second Pc port 14 and the suction fluid passing through the Ps port 15. When the annular protrusion 54c and the CS valve seat 10c overlap when viewed from the radial direction, the CS valve 56 is closed (see FIG. Figures 2 to 5 ) In addition, when the CS valve 56 is closed, the control fluid leaks slightly to the suction fluid side.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, the axially left end of coil spring 91 abuts against annular surface 51c of main valve element 51, while the axially right end of coil spring 91 abuts against side surface 54f, serving as a spring receiving portion, on the axially left side of annular projection 54c of auxiliary valve element 54. In other words, coil spring 91 biases the main valve element 51, pressure-sensitive valve member 52, and auxiliary valve element 54 in opposite axial directions. Furthermore, coil spring 91 is a compression spring, and its outer periphery is radially separated from the inner circumference of valve housing 10.

[0070] Furthermore, when the main valve element 51 is externally fitted within the cylindrical portion 52b and the interlocking portion 52d of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52, the sub-valve element 54 is integrally connected and fixed to the interlocking portion 52d of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52, thereby forming an annular groove 58. The groove 58 is formed by the outer circumferential surface of the interlocking portion 52d of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52, the annular surface 52e of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52, and the axial left end 54g of the sub-valve element 54, which serves as an abutment portion. The groove 58 regulates the axial position of the main valve element 51 relative to the pressure-sensitive valve member 52 and the sub-valve element 54, enabling the main valve 50 to be opened in the de-energized state and closed in the energized state, and also allowing adjustment of the opening of the CS valve 56.

[0071] Specifically, in the energized state, the axial left end 51a of the main valve core 51 abuts against the main valve seat 10a, thereby closing the main valve 50 and opening the CS valve 56 by the annular protrusion 54c of the sub-valve core 54 (see FIG. Figure 6 and Figure 7 ), the axial left end 54g of the sub-valve element 54, which forms the groove 58, abuts the axial right end 51f of the main valve element 51, which serves as the abutment portion. This determines the axial position of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52 and the sub-valve element 54 relative to the main valve element 51 when the CS valve 56 is opened by the annular protrusion 54c. In other words, the opening of the CS valve 56 can be adjusted, and the maximum opening can be determined.

[0072] The difference between the axial dimension L58 of the groove 58 and the axial dimension L51g of the locking portion 51g of the main valve core 51 becomes the axial dimension of the gap between the axial right end 51f of the main valve core 51 and the axial left end 54g of the auxiliary valve core 54, that is, the axial separation dimension A (L58-L51g=A, see Figure 3 That is, after the main valve core 51, the pressure-sensitive valve member 52, and the auxiliary valve core 54 move axially to the left as a whole to close the main valve 50, the pressure-sensitive valve member 52 and the auxiliary valve core 54 can further move axially relative to the main valve core 51 by a separation dimension A (refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 ).

[0073] Next, the operation of the capacity control valve V and the operation of the opening and closing mechanism of the CS valve 56 caused by the axial movement of the main valve element 51, the pressure-sensitive valve member 52, and the sub-valve element 54 will be described in the order of normal control, startup, and control in the maximum energized state.

[0074] First, the normal control of the capacity control valve V will be described. During normal control, the so-called duty cycle control, the capacity control valve V adjusts the opening and opening time of the main valve 50 to control the flow rate of the discharge fluid from the Pd port 12 to the first Pc port 13. At this time, the following state is maintained: the axial right side of the annular protrusion 54c of the auxiliary valve core 54 overlaps with the axial left side of the CS valve seat 10c of the valve housing 10 when viewed from the radial direction, and the connection between the control fluid passing through the second Pc port 14 and the suction fluid passing through the Ps port 15 is closed by the CS valve 56. In this way, during normal control, the CS valve 56 is closed, so that the flow rate in the flow path connecting the second Pc port 14 and the Ps port 15 is throttled, preventing the control fluid passing through the second Pc port 14 from flowing into the Ps port 15. Therefore, the controllability of the control pressure Pc of the control chamber 4 is excellent, and the operating efficiency of the variable capacity compressor M can be improved (refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In other words, the opening and closing of the main valve 50 can be controlled in a state where the CS valve 56 is closed.

[0075] Next, the control at startup and in the maximum energized state will be described. After the variable capacity compressor M is not used and left for a long time, the discharge pressure Pd, control pressure Pc, and suction pressure Ps are roughly balanced. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in the de-energized state, the capacity control valve V is pressed axially rightward by the force of the coil spring 63 constituting the pressure-sensitive body 61. As a result, the axially right end 54a of the secondary valve element 54 seats on the secondary valve seat 82a of the fixed iron core 82, closing the secondary valve 55. Furthermore, the axially left end 51a of the main valve element 51 separates from the main valve seat 10a formed on the inner circumferential surface of the valve housing 10, opening the main valve 50. At this point, the annular protrusion 54c of the secondary valve element 54 overlaps the CS valve seat 10c of the valve housing 10 when viewed radially, and the CS valve 56 blocks the communication between the control fluid passing through the second PC port 14 and the intake fluid passing through the Ps port 15.

[0076] By starting the variable capacity compressor M and placing the capacity control valve V in the energized state, the main valve 50 is closed and the auxiliary valve 55 is opened. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the pressure-sensitive valve member 52 and the auxiliary valve core 54 are further moved axially to the left relative to the main valve core 51 by a separation dimension A (see Figure 5 ), therefore, the CS valve 56 is opened, forming a flow path for discharging the fluid from the second Pc port 14 to the Ps port 15, which can discharge the liquefied fluid in the control chamber 4 in a short time to improve the responsiveness at startup.

[0077] Furthermore, when the variable capacity compressor M is driven at maximum capacity, similar to startup, by placing the capacity control valve V in the energized state with the maximum duty cycle, i.e., the maximum energized state, the main valve 50 is closed, and the CS valve 56 is opened to connect the second Pc port 14 with the Ps port 15. This allows the control pressure Pc to be sufficiently reduced, making it easier to maintain the control pressure Pc and the suction pressure Ps at the same pressure. Consequently, the stroke of the piston 7 within the cylinder 4a of the control chamber 4 is stabilized, maintaining the maximum capacity state and improving operational efficiency.

[0078] Furthermore, the main valve element 51 engages the annular surface 51e of the engaging portion 51g with the annular surface 52e of the pressure-sensitive valve member 52, thereby accurately positioning the main valve element 51 in the axial direction relative to the pressure-sensitive valve member 52 and the sub-valve element 54. This improves the mounting accuracy of the main valve element 51 relative to the pressure-sensitive valve member 52.

[0079] Furthermore, the CS valve 56 forms a spool valve structure, formed by the annular protrusion 54c of the auxiliary valve element 54 and the CS valve seat 10c formed on the inner circumferential surface of the valve housing 10. Therefore, the CS valve 56 is closed when the pressure-sensitive valve member 52 and the auxiliary valve element 54 travel in the axial direction by a predetermined amount or more, thereby reliably closing the CS valve 56. Furthermore, even if the pressure-sensitive valve member 52 and the auxiliary valve element 54 move slightly in the axial direction due to disturbances such as vibration, for example, during normal control, the CS valve 56 is maintained in the closed state. Consequently, the capacity control valve V exhibits strong resistance to disturbances and excellent control accuracy.

[0080] In addition, in the main valve core 51, the inner peripheral surface of the locking portion 51g and the outer peripheral surface of the inserted portion 52d of the pressure-sensitive valve component 52 slide on the pressure-sensitive valve component 52, and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 51d slides with the guide surface 10b of the valve housing 10, so that the relative movement of the main valve core 51, the pressure-sensitive valve component 52 and the auxiliary valve core 54 in the axial direction can be stabilized.

[0081] Furthermore, the sub-valve element 54 is provided with the axially left side surface 54 f of the annular projection 54 c against which the axially right end of the coil spring 91 abuts. This simplifies the sliding structure among the main valve element 51 , the pressure sensitive valve member 52 , and the sub-valve element 54 .

[0082] In addition, the main valve core 51, the pressure-sensitive valve component 52 and the auxiliary valve core 54 are separate bodies, and the axial left end 54g of the auxiliary valve core 54 is used to limit the relative movement of the main valve core 51, the pressure-sensitive valve component 52 and the auxiliary valve core 54 in the axial direction. Therefore, the sliding structure of the main valve core 51, the pressure-sensitive valve component 52 and the auxiliary valve core 54 can be simplified.

[0083] In addition, a first Pc port 13 is formed on the valve housing 10 and is arranged in the pressure sensitive chamber 60 corresponding to the pressure sensitive valve 53, and a second Pc port 14 is arranged in the second valve chamber 30 corresponding to the CS valve 56, thereby eliminating the need to form a flow path for processing the control fluid inside the valve housing 10, thereby achieving a simple structure.

[0084] When the suction pressure Ps is high due to an abnormality or the like, the sub-valve element 54 is pressed leftward by the suction pressure Ps to open the CS valve 56 , thereby releasing the high suction pressure from the second Pc port 14 .

[0085] In addition, the example in which the CS valve 56 is composed of the annular convex portion 54c of the sub-valve element 54 and the CS valve seat 10c on the inner peripheral surface of the annular protrusion of the valve housing 10 has been described, but Figure 8 As shown, instead of providing the protrusions on the inner circumferential surface of the valve housing 10, the inner circumferential surface can be used as the CS valve seat 110c, and the annular protrusion 154c of the auxiliary valve element 54 can be arranged so as to partially overlap with the second PC port 14 when viewed from the radial direction. This simplifies the manufacture of the valve housing 10, and prevents the auxiliary valve element 54 from tilting due to a tilting load, etc., which would cause the annular protrusion 154c of the auxiliary valve element 54 to engage with the annular protrusion of the valve housing 10.

[0086] While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and any changes or additions that do not depart from the gist of the present invention are also encompassed by the present invention.

[0087] For example, in the above embodiment, the method of narrowing the flow path from the second Pc port 14 to the Ps port 15 by closing the CS valve 56 is described, but the present invention is not limited to this. The diameter size of the annular protrusion 54c of the auxiliary valve core 54 and the CS valve seat 10c of the valve housing 10 can also be set so that the flow path from the second Pc port 14 to the Ps port 15 can be roughly disconnected by closing the CS valve 56.

[0088] Furthermore, although the example in which the pressure sensitive valve member 52 and the sub-valve element 54 are independently configured has been described, the two may be formed integrally.

[0089] Furthermore, the communication passage and the fixed orifice that directly connect the control chamber 4 and the suction chamber 3 of the variable capacity compressor M do not need to be provided.

[0090] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the auxiliary valve may not be provided, and the axial right end of the auxiliary valve element only needs to function as a support member that receives the axial load, and does not necessarily require a sealing function.

[0091] In addition, the coil spring 91 is not limited to a compression spring, and may be a tension spring, or may have a shape other than a coil shape.

[0092] Furthermore, although the CS valve 56 is described as being constituted by the valve housing 10 and the sub-valve element 54 itself, it may be constituted by attaching other components to the valve housing 10 and the sub-valve element 54 .

[0093] Furthermore, the pressure-sensitive body 61 does not need to use a coil spring inside.

[0094] Explanation of symbols

[0095] 1: Outer casing; 2: Discharge chamber; 3: Suction chamber; 4: Control chamber; 10: Valve housing; 10a: Main valve seat; 10b: Guide surface; 10c: CS valve seat; 11: Partition adjustment component; 12: Pd port (discharge port); 13: First Pc port (Control port, first control port); 14: Second Pc port (Control port, second control port); 15: Ps port (Suction port); 20: First valve chamber; 30: Second valve chamber; 40: Third valve chamber; 50: Main valve; 51: Main valve core; 51a: Axial left end; 56b: Mounting portion; 51c: Annular surface; 51d: Cylindrical portion; 51e: Annular surface; 51f: Axial right end (Abutment portion); 51g: Stopping portion; 52: Pressure-sensitive valve component (rod); 52a: Pressure-sensitive valve seat; 52b: Cylindrical portion; 52c: Abutment Part; 52d: Inserting part; 52e: Annular surface; 53: Pressure-sensitive valve (pressure-driven valve); 54: Auxiliary valve core (rod); 54a: Axial right end; 54b: Cylindrical part; 54c: Annular convex part; 54d: Mounting part; 54e: Concave part; 54f: Side face (spring receiving part); 54g: Axial left end (abutment part); 55: Auxiliary valve; 56: CS valve; 57: Intermediate connecting passage (hollow connecting passage); 58: Groove; 60: Pressure-sensitive chamber; 61: Pressure-sensitive body; 62: Bellows core; 63: Coil spring; 70: Cover; 70a: Sealing surface; 80: Solenoid; 82: Fixed iron core; 82a: Auxiliary valve seat; 83: Drive rod; 91: Coil spring (force-applying unit); Pc: Control pressure; Pd: Discharge pressure; Ps: Suction pressure; V: Capacity control valve.

Claims

1. A capacity control valve comprising: a valve housing having a discharge port for passage of a discharge fluid at a discharge pressure, a suction port for passage of a suction fluid at a suction pressure, and a control port for passage of a control fluid at a control pressure; a rod driven by a solenoid; and a main valve comprising a main valve seat and a main valve element, wherein the movement of the rod opens and closes the communication between the discharge port and the control port, wherein: have: a CS valve that opens and closes the communication between the control port and the suction port by movement of the rod; and a force applying unit for applying forces to the main valve core and the rod in opposite directions; The main valve core and the rod are configured to be able to move relative to each other in the axial direction; The control port is composed of a first control port and a second control port, and is arranged in the order of the suction port, the second control port, the discharge port, and the first control port from the solenoid side.

2. The capacity control valve according to claim 1, wherein: The main valve element includes a locking portion for preventing relative movement of the rod in the axial direction.

3. The capacity control valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The CS valve is a slide valve structure.

4. The capacity control valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The main valve element and the rod are respectively provided with abutment portions that abut in the axial direction.

5. The capacity control valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The main valve element has an inner periphery that slides on the rod, and an outer periphery that slides on the valve housing.

6. The capacity control valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The rod is provided with a spring receiving portion against which one end of the force applying unit abuts.

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