A power grid accommodation calculation method and device thereof

Abstract

The application provides a power grid accommodation calculation method and device, and relates to the technical field of energy power generation. The new energy accommodation calculation method comprises the following steps: establishing a power system new energy accommodation target function aiming at promoting wind power and photovoltaic power accommodation; establishing constraint conditions of power grid operation based on actual operation conditions of the power system; classifying demand side resources participating in interaction into reducible load, translatable load and transferable load according to user response characteristics; respectively establishing load response models for the reducible load, the translatable load and the transferable load; optimizing the load response models based on the target function; and running the optimized load response models under the constraint conditions and calculating new energy accommodation improvement efficiency. The application provides a new energy accommodation calculation method and device, which models multiple types of demand side flexible resources to improve or promote new energy accommodation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy generation technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for calculating grid absorption capacity. Background Technology

[0002] In the context of new energy power systems, renewable energy is strongly correlated with the characteristics of natural resource endowment, and the output of power sources such as wind power and photovoltaics exhibits randomness and volatility. The grid's capacity to absorb renewable energy is mismatched with the demand for large-scale, uncertain power, resulting in severe wind and solar curtailment, which even affects the safe and stable operation of the system and limits the further absorption of renewable energy.

[0003] Currently, a large amount of research has been conducted on demand-side response (DSR) in relation to renewable energy consumption. Some scholars have conducted research on the participation of interruptible loads in dispatching operations and incentive-based load-distribution (DR) interaction mechanisms; others have studied the participation of transferable loads in dispatching operations and price-based DR interaction mechanisms; still others have considered specific load types such as air conditioning loads, electric vehicle loads, or high-energy-consuming loads to promote renewable energy consumption through specific modeling. However, these studies all only consider single load types such as load shifting or transferable characteristics, without considering multi-type load models that include shiftable loads, transferable loads, and loads that can be reduced.

[0004] However, existing research on renewable energy consumption technologies either does not consider demand-side response or considers only a single type of demand-side response, failing to comprehensively cover multiple load response types. Consequently, it cannot fully leverage the flexibility of demand-side resource regulation and cannot achieve coordinated operation of electricity load with renewable and conventional power sources.

[0005] In view of this, based on years of experience in production and design in this and related fields, the inventor has designed a power grid absorption calculation method and device through repeated experiments, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a grid absorption calculation method and apparatus, which improves or promotes the absorption of new energy sources by modeling various types of demand-side flexibility resources.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a grid absorption calculation method, wherein the grid absorption calculation method includes:

[0008] Establish a power system renewable energy consumption objective function aimed at promoting the integration of wind and solar power;

[0009] Based on the actual operating conditions of the power system, constraints for power grid operation are established;

[0010] Based on user response characteristics, the demand-side resources involved in the interaction are classified into loads that can be reduced, loads that can be shifted, and loads that can be transferred:

[0011] Load response models are established for the loads that can be reduced, the loads that can be shifted, and the loads that can be transferred, respectively.

[0012] Optimize each load response model based on the objective function, run the optimized load response models under the constraints, and calculate the efficiency improvement of new energy consumption.

[0013] The grid absorption calculation method described above includes constraints such as power balance constraints, grid supply constraints, and power system line constraints.

[0014] The grid absorption calculation method described above includes grid power supply constraints such as conventional generator spinning reserve constraints, conventional generator output constraints, and wind and photovoltaic power generation constraints.

[0015] The power grid absorption calculation method described above includes upper and lower limits of power system line power flow operation constraints, power system line power flow balance constraints, and upper and lower limits of node voltage phase angle constraints.

[0016] The power grid absorption calculation method described above involves establishing a load response model based on the power distribution vector for the loads that can be reduced, the loads that can be shifted, and the loads that can be transferred.

[0017] In the power grid absorption calculation method described above, the power distribution vector is related to the constraint conditions.

[0018] In the power grid absorption calculation method described above, the shiftable load refers to the load among the demand-side resources participating in the interaction that needs to be shifted as a whole when constrained by production processes or daily life flows.

[0019] The load that can be reduced refers to the demand-side resources that participate in the interaction and can be partially or completely reduced according to the supply and demand situation;

[0020] The transferable load refers to the load among the demand-side resources participating in the interaction whose total electrical energy requirement remains constant within a scheduling cycle, but whose power consumption can fluctuate within a specified range during different time periods.

[0021] The present invention also proposes a power grid absorption calculation device, wherein the power grid absorption calculation device comprises:

[0022] The objective establishment module establishes the objective function for the absorption of new energy sources in the power system.

[0023] The constraint establishment module takes into account the actual operating conditions of the power system and establishes the constraints for power grid operation.

[0024] The load differentiation module categorizes the demand-side resources involved in the interaction into loads that can be reduced, loads that can be shifted, and loads that can be transferred, based on user response characteristics:

[0025] The model building module builds load response models for the loads that can be reduced, the loads that can be shifted, and the loads that can be transferred, respectively.

[0026] The data calculation module runs each of the load response models under the constraints and calculates the efficiency improvement of new energy consumption.

[0027] The present invention also proposes a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described above.

[0028] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described above.

[0029] The present invention also proposes a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described above.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following features and advantages:

[0031] The grid absorption calculation method and apparatus proposed in this invention establish multiple types of demand-side response models, such as load shifting, load transfer, and load reduction, to facilitate the absorption of new energy sources. These models are then optimized using a new energy absorption objective function. This approach fully leverages the flexibility of demand-side resource regulation, effectively enabling coordinated operation of electricity loads with new energy sources and conventional power sources, thereby promoting the full absorption of new energy sources. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Furthermore, the shapes and proportions of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the invention and do not specifically limit the shapes and proportions of the components. Those skilled in the art, guided by the teachings of this invention, can select various possible shapes and proportions to implement the invention according to specific circumstances.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the power grid absorption calculation method proposed in this invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power grid absorption calculation device proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings and the description of specific embodiments. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Under the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can conceive of any possible modifications based on the invention, and these should all be considered to fall within the scope of the invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a grid absorption calculation method, wherein the grid absorption calculation method includes:

[0037] Establish a power system renewable energy consumption objective function aimed at promoting the integration of wind and solar power;

[0038] Based on the actual operating conditions of the power system, establish constraints for power grid operation;

[0039] Based on user response characteristics, the demand-side resources involved in the interaction are classified into loads that can be reduced, loads that can be shifted, and loads that can be transferred:

[0040] Load response models were established for loads that can be reduced, loads that can be shifted, and loads that can be transferred.

[0041] Based on the objective function, optimize each load response model, run the optimized load response models under constraints, and calculate the efficiency improvement of new energy consumption.

[0042] The power grid absorption calculation method proposed in this invention, combined with the division of demand-side resources based on the incentive-based response mode, establishes multiple types of demand-side response models, such as loads that can be shifted, transferred, and reduced. It takes into account multiple types of flexible demand-side resources. Compared with the single load response model in the prior art, it can improve or promote the absorption of new energy by modeling multiple types of flexible demand-side resources. In addition, before running each load response model, it optimizes each load response model based on the objective function of new energy absorption, which further improves the absorption of new energy, thereby significantly improving the absorption efficiency of new energy.

[0043] The grid absorption calculation method proposed in this invention takes into account the actual operating conditions of the power system, establishes various constraints on grid operation, and effectively realizes the coordinated operation of power load, new energy and conventional power sources, thereby promoting the full absorption of new energy.

[0044] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the objective function for maximizing the absorption of renewable energy (wind power, photovoltaic) by the power system is:

[0045]

[0046] Where t is the time period identifier, t = 1, 2, ..., T; Δt is the time interval; T is the total number of time segments, and for this project, Δt = 1 hour and T = 24. Let w be the power of the wind power connected to the grid at time t; Let ν be the power of the photovoltaic unit connected to the grid at time t; Ω w For the collection of wind turbine units within the system; Ω v This refers to the collection of photovoltaic generator sets within the system.

[0047] The grid absorption calculation method proposed in this invention optimizes each load response model through an objective function. The operation of each load response model aims to maximize the absorption of new energy (wind power and photovoltaic), thereby further promoting the full absorption of new energy and improving the absorption efficiency of new energy.

[0048] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the constraints include power balance constraints, grid supply constraints, and power system line constraints to reflect the actual power generation. The constraints are primarily intended to ensure that each response model reflects the actual situation as closely as possible, so that the calculated improvement in renewable energy consumption is more consistent with the actual situation.

[0049] In one optional example of this implementation, the power system must always ensure that the grid supply power matches the total load during actual operation; the power balance constraint is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] Among them, P g,t This represents the output of a conventional generator set g at time t. Let w be the power of the wind power connected to the grid at time t; Let ν be the power of the photovoltaic unit connected to the grid at time t; Ω represents the load at node i at time t. G For the collection of conventional units within the system; Ω B It is the set of nodes within the system.

[0052] In one optional example of this implementation, grid supply constraints include power system conventional generator spinning reserve constraints, conventional generator output constraints, and wind and photovoltaic power generation constraints.

[0053] In one optional example, the spinning reserve constraint for conventional generator sets in the power system is:

[0054]

[0055] in, X is the upper limit of the active power output of a conventional generator set g; g,t Let P represent the operating state of the conventional generator unit g at time t, where 1 indicates that the conventional generator unit g is in operation and 0 indicates that the conventional generator unit g is in shutdown state; H Reserve capacity for system rotation; For the minimum active power output of a conventional generator set g, P R This is the system's negative spin-off reserve capacity.

[0056] Preferably, conventional power units are thermal power units.

[0057] In an optional example, the output constraints of conventional generating units in a power system include upper limit requirements, lower limit requirements, and ramp-up and ramp-down constraints, specifically:

[0058]

[0059] in, This represents the maximum permissible uphill rate for unit g. This represents the maximum allowable downhill ramp power for unit g.

[0060] In an optional example, the constraints for wind and solar power generation are that the power generation of new energy units meets the upper limit requirement, namely:

[0061]

[0062] in, The maximum power of the wind turbine connected to the grid at time t; Let ν be the maximum power of the photovoltaic unit connected to the grid at time t.

[0063] In one optional example of this implementation, power system line constraints include upper and lower limits for power system line power flow operation, power system line power flow balance constraints, and upper and lower limits for node voltage phase angle constraints.

[0064] In the above example, to ensure the safe operation of the power grid, the power transmitted by the power grid transmission lines must meet the upper and lower limits of the power transmission requirements at any given time. The upper and lower limits of the power flow operation constraints of the power system lines are as follows:

[0065]

[0066] in, Let P be the transmission power of line l at time t. l L,max P is the upper limit of the transmission power of line l. l L,min Ω is the lower limit of the transmission power of line l. L Ω is the set of circuits within the system. TA collection of time periods.

[0067] In the above example, the power flow balance constraint of the power system is:

[0068] P t =MP t gen -P t load =Bθ t t∈Ω T (7)

[0069] P t L =Y B θ t t∈Ω T (8)

[0070] Among them, P t Inject the power matrix into the node at time t; P t gen Let be the unit output matrix at time t; M is the node-unit correlation matrix, where the matrix elements are 1 if unit g is connected to node n, and 0 otherwise; P t load Let B be the unit output matrix at time t, and let B be the nodal admittance matrix; θ t P is the node voltage phase angle matrix at time t; t L Y is the vector formed by the active power of each branch at time t; B It is a diagonal matrix composed of the admittances of each branch.

[0071] In the above example, the upper and lower limits of the node voltage phase angle of the power system line are constrained as follows:

[0072] -θ max ≤θ n,t ≤θ max n∈Ω B ,t∈Ω T (9)

[0073] Where, θ max The maximum phase angle of the node voltage, Ω B Ω is the set of nodes within the system. T A collection of time periods.

[0074] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the transferable load is a load among the demand-side resources participating in the interaction that needs to be transferred as a whole when constrained by production processes or life processes.

[0075] Reduceable loads are those demand-side resources that can be partially or completely reduced based on supply and demand.

[0076] Transferable loads are those loads among the demand-side resources participating in the interaction whose total electrical energy requirement remains constant within a scheduling cycle, but whose power consumption can fluctuate within a specified range during different time periods.

[0077] Specifically, loads such as equipment operating on assembly lines are considered movable loads; loads such as air conditioners, electric fans, and agricultural irrigation equipment are considered loads that can be reduced; and loads such as washing machines, dishwashers, and electric vehicles are considered transferable loads.

[0078] In this invention, since incentive-based demand response is a direct control method, it enables the load's electricity consumption activities to respond quickly, reliably, and accurately to system signals, tracking and matching the output of new energy sources. This demonstrates greater potential in promoting large-scale grid connection and efficient operation of new energy power generation. The three load allocation methods mentioned above, based on incentive-based demand response, can fully encompass all loads in real-world scenarios.

[0079] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a load response model is established for loads that can be reduced, loads that can be shifted, and loads that can be transferred, based on the power distribution vector distribution.

[0080] In one optional example of this implementation, the power distribution vector is related to the constraints described above. The amount of electricity absorbed by each load model needs to be consistent with the power generation under the constraints described above.

[0081] In an optional example of this implementation, the movable load needs to be moved as a whole to ensure power continuity. The derivation process of the movable load model is as follows:

[0082] For a certain transferable load P i shift0 Its power distribution vector is:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, t s D represents the start time, and D represents the duration.

[0085] Using 0-1 variable α i,τ P represents i shift0 The initial state of time period τ, i.e., α i,τ =1 indicates P i shift0 The translation begins from time period τ.

[0086] P i shift Start time period set for:

[0087]

[0088] τ=t s This indicates that the load has not been shifted; τ≠t s And τ∈[1,24-D+1], indicating that the load is shifted to start from τ. And α i,τ Corresponding power distribution vector for:

[0089]

[0090] when At that time, α i,τ ≡0, and the corresponding power distribution vector has no practical meaning, so we can set all of them to 0, that is:

[0091]

[0092] Modeling of movable loads based on power distribution vectors

[0093] Since movable loads exist in only two scenarios after scheduling: 1) no movable; 2) movable to an acceptable time interval, the following constraints are established:

[0094]

[0095] In an optional example of this implementation, the derivation process of the transferable load model is as follows:

[0096] For a certain transferable load P i trans0 The power distribution vector is:

[0097]

[0098] Using the 0-1 variable β i,τ P represents i trans0 The transition state of time period τ, i.e., β i,τ =1 indicates P i trans0 During the time interval τ, β i,τ =0 indicates P i trans0 No transfer. The load P after transfer. i trans The power distribution vector is:

[0099]

[0100] The total load remains unchanged before and after the transfer; the power of the transferred load at time t is between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the transferred power; furthermore, without restrictions during the transfer, the load may be transferred to multiple single time periods, which manifests externally as frequent start-ups and shutdowns of equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to constrain the minimum continuous operating time of the transferred load, i.e.:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, t d R is the start time, and R is the duration. These represent the maximum and minimum allowable load transfer power at time t, respectively. This is the minimum continuous running time.

[0103] In an optional example of this implementation, the derivation process of the load reduction model is as follows:

[0104] For load reduction Load response reduces users' electricity consumption. Using a 0-1 variable γ... i,τ This indicates that the load P can be reduced. i cut0 The reduced state of time period τ, i.e., γ i,τ =1 indicates P i cut0 It is reduced during the τ time period, γ i,τ =0 indicates P i cut0 Without load reduction, the load model is as follows:

[0105]

[0106] To ensure user satisfaction, constraints need to be placed on the minimum and maximum consecutive reduction time and the number of reductions, namely:

[0107]

[0108] Among them, u i,t Let be the load reduction factor that node i can reduce at time t; Minimum continuous reduction time; N represents the maximum continuous reduction time. max This represents the maximum number of reductions.

[0109] In this invention, various load response models are run and calculated under constraints. Specifically, with the maximization of renewable energy consumption as the objective function, constraints such as power balance constraints, conventional unit spinning reserve constraints, conventional unit output constraints, upper and lower limits of line power flow operation constraints, line power flow balance constraints, node voltage phase angle constraints, and three types of load response constraints are considered. The model uses Yalmip+Cplex optimization to solve for the time intervals of loads that can be shifted, the amount of loads that can be transferred, and the amount of loads that can be reduced. Loads are increased during periods when renewable energy consumption space is insufficient, and loads are reduced during periods when renewable energy consumption space is sufficient, thereby achieving the goal of flexible load scheduling to match renewable energy consumption.

[0110] This invention also proposes a power grid absorption calculation device, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the power grid absorption calculation device includes:

[0111] The objective establishment module establishes the objective function for the absorption of new energy sources in the power system.

[0112] The constraint establishment module takes into account the actual operating conditions of the power system and establishes the constraints for power grid operation.

[0113] The load differentiation module categorizes the demand-side resources involved in the interaction into loads that can be reduced, loads that can be shifted, and loads that can be transferred, based on user response characteristics:

[0114] The model building module establishes load response models for loads that can be reduced, loads that can be shifted, and loads that can be transferred.

[0115] The data calculation module runs various load response models under constraints and calculates the efficiency improvement of new energy consumption.

[0116] The present invention also proposes a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described above.

[0117] The present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0118] The present invention also proposes a computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described above.

[0119] The computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program products proposed in this invention can quickly realize the above-mentioned new energy consumption calculation method, provide effective support for power grid consumption research, and improve the flexibility of demand-side regulation.

[0120] The detailed explanations of the above embodiments are intended only to explain the present invention so as to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention. However, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention for any reason. In particular, the various features described in different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other to form other embodiments. Unless there is an explicit description to the contrary, these features should be understood to be applicable to any embodiment, and not limited to the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for calculating power grid absorption capacity, characterized in that, The grid absorption calculation method includes: Establish a power system renewable energy consumption objective function aimed at promoting the integration of wind and solar power; Based on the actual operating conditions of the power system, constraints for power grid operation are established; Based on user response characteristics, the demand-side resources involved in the interaction are classified into loads that can be reduced, loads that can be shifted, and loads that can be transferred: Load response models are established for the loads that can be reduced, the loads that can be shifted, and the loads that can be transferred, respectively. Optimize each load response model based on the objective function, run the optimized load response models under the constraints, and calculate the efficiency improvement of new energy consumption. The objective function for maximizing the absorption of renewable energy by the power system is: Where t is the time period identifier, t = 1, 2, ..., T; Δt is the time interval; T is the total number of time segments, and for this project, Δt = 1 hour and T = 24. Let w be the power of the wind power connected to the grid at time t; Let ν be the power of the photovoltaic unit connected to the grid at time t; Ω w For the collection of wind turbine units within the system; Ω v This refers to the collection of photovoltaic generator sets within the system.

2. The power grid absorption calculation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The constraints include power balance constraints, power grid supply constraints, and power system line constraints.

3. The power grid absorption calculation method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The power grid supply constraints include conventional generator set spinning reserve constraints, conventional generator set output constraints, and wind and photovoltaic power generation constraints.

4. The power grid absorption calculation method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The power system line constraints include upper and lower limits of power system line power flow operation constraints, power system line power flow balance constraints, and upper and lower limits of node voltage phase angle constraints.

5. The power grid absorption calculation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A load response model is established for the load that can be reduced, the load that can be shifted, and the load that can be transferred based on the power distribution vector.

6. The power grid absorption calculation method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The power distribution vector is related to the constraint conditions.

7. The power grid absorption calculation method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The movable load refers to the load among the demand-side resources participating in the interaction that needs to be moved as a whole when constrained by production processes or life flows; The load that can be reduced refers to the demand-side resources that participate in the interaction and can be partially or completely reduced according to supply and demand. The transferable load refers to the load among the demand-side resources participating in the interaction whose total electrical energy requirement remains constant within a scheduling cycle, but whose power consumption can fluctuate within a specified range during different time periods.

8. A power grid absorption calculation device, characterized in that, The power grid absorption calculation device includes: The objective establishment module establishes the objective function for the absorption of new energy sources in the power system. The objective function for maximizing the absorption of renewable energy by the power system is: Where t is the time period identifier, t = 1, 2, ..., T; Δt is the time interval; T is the total number of time segments, and for this project, Δt = 1 hour and T = 24. Let w be the power of the wind power connected to the grid at time t; Let ν be the power of the photovoltaic unit connected to the grid at time t; Ω w For the collection of wind turbine units within the system; Ω v This refers to the collection of photovoltaic generator sets within the system. The constraint establishment module takes into account the actual operating conditions of the power system and establishes the constraints for power grid operation. The load differentiation module categorizes the demand-side resources involved in the interaction into loads that can be reduced, loads that can be shifted, and loads that can be transferred, based on user response characteristics: The model building module builds load response models for the loads that can be reduced, the loads that can be shifted, and the loads that can be transferred, respectively. The data calculation module runs each of the load response models under the constraints and calculates the efficiency improvement of new energy consumption.

9. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

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