Ultra-high-speed elevator rolling guide shoe wear performance test device and test method

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and method for testing the wear performance of rolling guide shoes of an ultra-high-speed elevator, comprising: the rotation centers of two rotating shafts of a driving wheel part and a driven wheel part are on the same horizontal plane; the driving wheel part comprises a driving unit, a guide rail material wheel and a speed control unit; the guide rail material wheel is connected to the driving unit through an active rotating shaft; the speed control unit is connected to the driving unit and is used to control the rotation speed of the guide rail material wheel; the driven wheel part comprises a loading unit, a guide shoe material wheel, a moving platform and a linear track; the guide shoe material wheel is installed on the moving platform through a passive rotating shaft and a bearing; the loading unit is connected to the moving platform through a linear guide rail and is used to control the load between the guide rail material wheel and the guide shoe material wheel; and a data acquisition part comprises a torque sensor, a pressure sensor, a capacitance sensor, a thermal imager and a speed sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of rolling friction testing, and in particular to a device and method for testing the wear performance of rolling guide shoes of ultra-high-speed elevators. Background Art

[0002] As high-rise and super-high-rise buildings reach ever-higher heights, ultra-high-speed elevators have become an essential feature of these structures. As elevator speeds continue to increase, the wear characteristics of elevator guide shoes, caused by rolling contact with guide rails, have changed, posing challenges to the safety and comfort of ultra-high-speed elevators.

[0003] Currently, most experimental devices for studying the wear performance of guide shoes and guide rails focus on sliding guide shoes, while only a handful of devices are available for rolling guide shoes. These devices do not account for changes in the normal pressure between the guide shoe and the guide rail caused by guide rail unevenness and elevator disturbances, and the physical quantities measured are insufficient for wear performance research.

[0004] Patent document CN110980470A (application number: 201911373971.X) discloses a roller guide shoe testing device, which specifically includes a drive mechanism, a loading mechanism, and a control device; the loading mechanism is used to detachably install the roller; the drive mechanism includes a drive roller; the control device is electrically connected to the drive mechanism, wherein the outer circumference of the drive roller and the outer circumference of the roller are movable to form a rotating pair; the control device is used to adjust the rotation speed of the drive roller, and the drive roller is used to drive the roller to rotate. The rotation speed of the drive roller is adjusted by the control device, thereby simulating the rotation speed of the roller guide shoe on an actual elevator relative to the actual guide rail at different speeds.

[0005] Patent document CN109696369A (application number: 201910123762.3) discloses a roller guide shoe testing machine, including a workbench, the top of the support rod is connected to a rotor, a motor is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the workbench, a transmission mechanism is connected between the motor and the rotor, several first connecting rods are symmetrically fixedly connected on both sides of the top of the workbench, several temperature sensors are fixedly installed on the second connecting rod, a support block is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the slide rail, a roller is connected to the third connecting rod, and a cylinder is provided on one side of the support block.

[0006] The present invention utilizes the design of the cylinder and can adjust the thrust of the output end of the cylinder on the support block through the pressure control valve, thereby adjusting the relative position of the roller and the rotor, so that the rotor and the roller surface contact and generate interaction force, and then cooperate with the motor as the power source to drive the rotation of the rotor, so that the roller rotates, thereby achieving the purpose of simulating the real working state of the roller. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wear performance testing device and a testing method for ultra-high-speed elevator rolling guide shoes.

[0008] According to the present invention, a device for testing the wear performance of rolling guide shoes of an ultra-high-speed elevator comprises: a driving wheel part, a driven wheel part and a data acquisition part;

[0009] The rotation centers of the two rotation axes of the driving wheel part and the driven wheel part are on the same horizontal plane;

[0010] The driving wheel part includes a driving unit, a guide rail material wheel and a speed control unit; the guide rail material wheel is connected to the driving unit through an active rotating shaft; the speed control unit is connected to the driving unit and is used to control the speed of the guide rail material wheel;

[0011] The driven wheel part includes a loading unit, a guide shoe material wheel, a mobile platform and a linear rail; the guide shoe material wheel is installed on the mobile platform through a passive rotating shaft and a bearing; the loading unit and the mobile platform are connected through the linear guide rail to control the load between the guide rail material wheel and the guide shoe material wheel;

[0012] The data acquisition part includes a torque sensor, a pressure sensor, a capacitance sensor, a thermal imager and a speed sensor;

[0013] The torque sensor is used to measure the friction torque between the two wheels;

[0014] The pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure between the two wheels;

[0015] The capacitive sensor is used to determine whether the two wheels are in contact and to measure the vibration of the guide shoe material wheel;

[0016] The thermal imager is used to measure the temperature field of the guide shoe material wheel during the test;

[0017] The rotation speed sensor is used to measure the rotation speed of the guide shoe material wheel.

[0018] Preferably, the loading unit includes a control device, a displacement sensor and a servo electric cylinder;

[0019] The control device is electrically connected to the displacement sensor and the servo electric cylinder. The control device controls the forward and reverse rotation of the servo electric cylinder by comparing the input displacement load spectrum with the numerical value of the displacement sensor.

[0020] Preferably, the movable platform is driven by a servo electric cylinder; and the guide rail material wheel is driven by a servo motor of a driving unit.

[0021] Preferably, the torque sensor is connected to the drive unit and the active rotating shaft via a coupling.

[0022] Preferably, the pressure sensor is installed between the mobile platform and the servo electric cylinder, with one end connected to the mobile platform and the other end connected to the servo electric cylinder.

[0023] Preferably, the capacitive sensor is mounted on the guide shoe material axle.

[0024] Preferably, the thermal imager is installed on the side of the guide shoe material wheel, and the distance from the guide rail material wheel meets the preset requirements;

[0025] The rotation speed sensor is installed on the mobile platform, is relatively stationary with the guide shoe material wheel, and measures the rotation speed of the guide shoe material wheel in real time.

[0026] According to a method for testing the wear performance of rolling guide shoes of ultra-high-speed elevators provided by the present invention, the following steps are performed using the ultra-high-speed elevator rolling guide shoe wear performance testing device described above:

[0027] Step S1: When the guide rail material wheel runs at a constant speed, after running for a preset time, various data of the guide shoe material wheel are measured by various sensors and exported to form a file;

[0028] Step S2: When the guide rail material wheel accelerates or decelerates, various data of the guide shoe material wheel are measured by various sensors and exported to form a file;

[0029] Step S3: Conduct experiments at different ambient temperatures, measure various data of the guide shoe material wheel through various sensors, and export them to form a file.

[0030] Preferably, the step S1 adopts:

[0031] Install the guide rail material wheel and the guide shoe material wheel; set the driving unit speed so that the linear acceleration of the guide rail material wheel reaches the preset value and the uniform acceleration reaches the maximum linear velocity; input the required displacement load spectrum at the control device, operate the loading unit, bring the two wheels close together, and after the capacitive sensor determines that the two wheels are in contact, start the driving unit and begin to apply the load spectrum; when the running time meets the preset value, use a thermal imager to capture the temperature field image of the guide shoe material wheel at every interval t during the running; after the running is completed, measure various data of the guide shoe material wheel and export the measurement data of each sensor.

[0032] Preferably, the step S2 adopts: installing the guide rail material wheel and the guide shoe material wheel; setting the rotation speed of the driving unit so that the linear acceleration of the guide rail material wheel reaches a preset value, uniformly accelerates to reach the maximum linear velocity, maintains the maximum linear velocity for a preset time, uniformly decelerates to 0, and repeats the triggering and executing a preset number of times; inputs the required displacement load spectrum at the control device; runs the loading unit to bring the two wheels close to each other, and after the capacitive switch determines that the two wheels are in contact, starts the driving unit and starts applying the load spectrum; at every interval t during operation, uses a thermal imager to capture the temperature field image of the guide shoe material wheel; after the operation is completed, measures various data of the guide shoe material wheel and exports the measurement data of each sensor.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The present invention controls the input of the loading unit by comparing the displacement sensor with the input displacement load spectrum, thus achieving the technical effect of arbitrary load spectrum input;

[0035] 2. The present invention achieves the technical effect of observing the real-time change of the friction coefficient during the experiment by measuring the friction torque between the two wheels through the torque sensor and the normal pressure measured by the pressure sensor;

[0036] 3. The present invention measures the vibration of a point on the guide shoe material wheel shaft through a capacitive sensor, thereby realizing the measurement of the vibration of the guide shoe material wheel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a top view of the ultra-high-speed elevator rolling guide shoe wear performance test device.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a right sectional view of the ultra-high-speed elevator rolling guide shoe wear performance test device.

[0040] Figure 3 This is the front view of the ultra-high-speed elevator rolling guide shoe wear performance test device.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the wear performance test method for ultra-high-speed elevator rolling guide shoes.

[0042] Among them, 1-servo motor of the drive unit; 2-torque sensor; 3-guide rail material wheel; 4-guide shoe material wheel; 5-bearing; 6-servo electric cylinder; 7-movable platform; 8-displacement sensor; 9-capacitance sensor; 10-speed sensor; 11-thermal imager; 12-linear track; 13-pressure sensor; 14-coupling; 15-active rotating shaft; 16-passive rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Existing experimental setups for studying the wear performance of guide shoes and guide rails mostly focus on sliding guide shoes, while only a handful of setups exist for rolling guide shoes. These setups fail to fully consider the displacement input provided by the guide rail to the guide shoe. Furthermore, this input can only be adjusted to a fixed value before the test begins, and cannot be input in the form of an arbitrary displacement load spectrum. Furthermore, they can only measure a few physical quantities, such as the change in roller surface temperature under rolling friction, making them incapable of supporting wear performance research.

[0046] Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a device and method for testing the wear performance of rolling guide shoes of ultra-high-speed elevators.

[0047] Figure 1-3 Schematic diagram of the ultra-high-speed elevator rolling guide shoe wear performance testing device provided in Example 1 of the present disclosure.

[0048] The present invention provides a device for testing the wear performance of rolling guide shoes of ultra-high-speed elevators. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes: a driving wheel part, a driven wheel part and a data acquisition system;

[0049] The rotation centers of the two rotation axes of the driving wheel part and the driven wheel part are on the same horizontal plane;

[0050] The driving wheel part includes a driving unit, a guide rail material wheel and a speed control unit; the guide rail material wheel is connected to the driving unit through an active rotating shaft; the speed control unit is connected to the driving unit and is used to control the speed of the guide rail material wheel;

[0051] The driven wheel part includes a loading unit, a guide shoe material wheel, a mobile platform and a linear rail; the guide shoe material wheel is installed on the mobile platform through a passive rotating shaft and a bearing; the loading unit and the mobile platform are connected through the linear guide rail to control the load between the guide rail material wheel and the guide shoe material wheel;

[0052] The loading unit includes a control device, a displacement sensor, and a servo electric cylinder. The control device is electrically connected to the displacement sensor and the servo electric cylinder, and controls the forward and reverse rotation of the servo electric cylinder by comparing the input displacement load spectrum with the numerical value of the displacement sensor.

[0053] Wherein, the movable platform is driven by a servo electric cylinder; and the guide rail material wheel is driven by a servo motor of a driving unit.

[0054] The driving unit in the active wheel part drives the guide rail material wheel to rotate; the loading unit in the driven wheel part drives the mobile platform to directly apply positive pressure to the guide rail material wheel and the guide shoe material wheel; the friction between the two wheels drives the guide shoe material wheel to move; the control device in the loading unit is used to realize the input of any displacement load spectrum.

[0055] The data acquisition part includes a torque sensor, a pressure sensor, a capacitance sensor, a thermal imager and a speed sensor;

[0056] The torque sensor is connected to the drive unit and the active rotating shaft through a coupling and is used to measure the friction torque between the two wheels;

[0057] The pressure sensor is installed between the mobile platform and the servo electric cylinder to measure the positive pressure between the two wheels;

[0058] The capacitive sensor is mounted on the guide shoe material wheel axle and is used to determine whether the two wheels are in contact and to measure the vibration of the guide shoe material wheel;

[0059] The thermal imager is installed on the side of the guide shoe material wheel to measure the temperature field of the guide shoe material wheel during the test;

[0060] The rotation speed sensor is installed on the mobile platform and is used to measure the rotation speed of the guide shoe material wheel.

[0061] Before the test begins, input a displacement spectrum required for the test; during the test, the displacement of the movable platform is measured in real time by the displacement sensor and compared with the above displacement spectrum; if the value of the displacement sensor is greater than the value required by the displacement spectrum at this time, it means that the platform has a large amount of movement and the private service electric cylinder needs to be controlled to reduce the output; if the value of the displacement sensor is less than the value required by the displacement spectrum at this time, it means that the platform has a small amount of movement and the private service electric cylinder needs to be controlled to increase the output.

[0062] According to a method for testing the wear performance of rolling guide shoes of ultra-high-speed elevators provided by the present invention, the following steps are performed using the ultra-high-speed elevator rolling guide shoe wear performance testing device described above: Figure 4 As shown:

[0063] Step S1: When the guide rail material wheel runs at a constant speed, after running for a preset time, various data of the guide shoe material wheel are measured by various sensors and exported to form a file;

[0064] Step S2: When the guide rail material wheel accelerates or decelerates, various data of the guide shoe material wheel are measured by various sensors and exported to form a file;

[0065] Step S3: Conduct experiments at different ambient temperatures, measure various data of the guide shoe material wheel through various sensors, and export them to form a file.

[0066] The uniform speed test adopts the following methods: installing the guide rail material wheel and the guide shoe material wheel; setting the drive unit speed so that the linear acceleration of the guide rail material wheel is 1.2m / s 2 , uniformly accelerate to a maximum linear velocity of 20 m / s; input the desired displacement load spectrum into the control device. Operate the loading unit, bringing the two wheels closer together. After the capacitive switch detects contact, activate the drive unit and begin applying the load spectrum. The run time is 60 minutes. During this period, use a thermal imager to capture the temperature field of the guide shoe material wheel every 10 minutes. After the run, measure various data of the guide shoe material wheel and export the measurement data from each sensor.

[0067] The acceleration and deceleration test is performed by installing the guide rail material wheel and the guide shoe material wheel; setting the drive unit speed so that the linear acceleration of the guide rail material wheel is 1.2m / s 2 1. Uniformly accelerate to a maximum linear velocity of 20 m / s. Maintain 20 m / s for 30 seconds, then uniformly decelerate to zero. Repeat this process 20 times. Enter the desired displacement load spectrum into the control device. Operate the loading unit to bring the two wheels closer together. After the capacitive switch detects contact, activate the drive unit and begin applying the load spectrum. Use a thermal imager to capture the temperature field of the guide shoe material wheel every 5 minutes during operation. After the operation is completed, measure various data of the guide shoe material wheel and export the measurement data of each sensor.

[0068] Temperature test is performed by: installing the guide rail material wheel and the guide shoe material wheel; setting the drive unit speed so that the linear acceleration of the guide rail material wheel is 1.2m / s 2 , uniformly accelerate to a maximum linear velocity of 20 m / s; input the desired displacement load spectrum into the control device; and adjust the ambient temperature. Operate the loading unit, bringing the two wheels closer together. After the capacitive switch detects contact, activate the drive unit and begin applying the load spectrum. The run time is 60 minutes. During this period, use a thermal imager to capture the temperature field of the guide shoe material wheel every 10 minutes. After the run, measure various data of the guide shoe material wheel and export the measurement data from each sensor.

[0069] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0070] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in addition to implementing the system, device, and various modules provided by the present invention in purely computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to implement the same program in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers, and the like by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, the system, device, and various modules provided by the present invention can be considered a hardware component, and the modules included therein for implementing various programs can also be considered structures within the hardware component; the modules for implementing various functions can also be considered both software programs for implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0071] The above describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. The embodiments of this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other in any manner unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A method for testing the wear performance of rolling guide shoes of ultra-high-speed elevators, characterized in that: Use the ultra-high-speed elevator rolling guide shoe wear performance test device to perform the following steps: Step S1: When the guide rail material wheel runs at a constant speed, after running for a preset time, various data of the guide shoe material wheel are measured by various sensors and exported to form a file; Step S2: When the guide rail material wheel accelerates or decelerates, various data of the guide shoe material wheel are measured by various sensors and exported to form a file; Step S3: Conduct experiments at different ambient temperatures, measure various data of the guide shoe material wheel through various sensors, and export them into a file; The step S1 adopts: Install the guide rail material wheel and the guide shoe material wheel; set the drive unit speed so that the linear acceleration of the guide rail material wheel reaches the preset value and the uniform acceleration reaches the maximum linear velocity; input the required displacement load spectrum into the control device, operate the loading unit, bring the two wheels close together, and after the capacitive sensor determines that the two wheels are in contact, start the drive unit and begin applying the load spectrum; when the operating time meets the preset value, use a thermal imager to capture the temperature field image of the guide shoe material wheel at intervals of time t during the operation; after the operation is completed, measure various data of the guide shoe material wheel and export the measurement data of each sensor; The step S2 comprises: installing a guide rail material wheel and a guide shoe material wheel; setting the rotation speed of the drive unit so that the linear acceleration of the guide rail material wheel reaches a preset value, uniformly accelerating to reach a maximum linear velocity, maintaining the maximum linear velocity for a preset time, uniformly decelerating to zero, and repeating the triggering and executing the operation a preset number of times; and inputting the required displacement load spectrum into the control device; Run the loading unit to bring the two wheels closer together. After the capacitive switch determines that the two wheels are in contact, start the drive unit and begin applying the load spectrum. During operation, use a thermal imager to capture the temperature field image of the guide shoe material wheel at every interval t. After the operation is completed, the various data of the guide shoe material wheel are measured and the measurement data of each sensor is exported; The ultra-high-speed elevator rolling guide shoe wear performance testing device includes: a driving wheel part, a driven wheel part and a data acquisition part; The rotation centers of the two rotation axes of the driving wheel part and the driven wheel part are on the same horizontal plane; The driving wheel part includes a driving unit, a guide rail material wheel and a speed control unit; the guide rail material wheel is connected to the driving unit through an active rotating shaft; the speed control unit is connected to the driving unit and is used to control the speed of the guide rail material wheel; The driven wheel part includes a loading unit, a guide shoe material wheel, a mobile platform and a linear track; the guide shoe material wheel is installed on the mobile platform through a passive rotating shaft and a bearing; the loading unit and the mobile platform are connected through the linear track to control the load between the guide rail material wheel and the guide shoe material wheel; The data acquisition part includes a torque sensor, a pressure sensor, a capacitance sensor, a thermal imager and a speed sensor; The torque sensor is used to measure the friction torque between the two wheels; The pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure between the two wheels; The capacitive sensor is used to determine whether the two wheels are in contact and to measure the vibration of the guide shoe material wheel; The thermal imager is used to measure the temperature field of the guide shoe material wheel during the test; The rotation speed sensor is used to measure the rotation speed of the guide shoe material wheel; The loading unit includes a control device, a displacement sensor and a servo electric cylinder; The control device is electrically connected to the displacement sensor and the servo electric cylinder, and controls the forward and reverse rotation of the servo electric cylinder by comparing the input displacement load spectrum with the numerical value of the displacement sensor; The mobile platform is driven by a servo electric cylinder; the guide rail material wheel is driven by a servo motor of a driving unit; The torque sensor is connected to the drive unit and the active rotating shaft through a coupling; The pressure sensor is installed between the mobile platform and the servo electric cylinder, with one end connected to the mobile platform and the other end connected to the servo electric cylinder; The capacitive sensor is mounted on the guide shoe material axle; The thermal imager is installed on the side of the guide shoe material wheel, and the distance from the guide rail material wheel meets the preset requirements; The rotation speed sensor is installed on the mobile platform, is relatively stationary with the guide shoe material wheel, and measures the rotation speed of the guide shoe material wheel in real time.

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