Rain gauge for measuring surface runoff, automatic rainfall monitoring system and working method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of meteorological measurement, and particularly relates to a rain gauge capable of measuring surface runoff, a rain monitoring system and a working method. The rain gauge includes: a water collection device, which is arranged on the ground surface and is provided with a corresponding water collection area for collecting rainwater and surface runoff; a drainage device, which is buried in the surface soil and connected to the water collection device, and is adapted to introduce the collected rainwater or surface runoff into the detection device; a detection device, which is suitable for respectively detecting the precipitation and the surface runoff; and an attitude detection module, which is used for detecting the buried attitude of the rain gauge; a processor module, which is electrically connected to the detection device and the attitude detection module, and compensates the detected surface runoff data according to the buried attitude. The rain gauge of the present invention uses two parts of an integrated water collection device to respectively collect rainwater and surface runoff, and uses two water collection cavities of the detection device to detect the rainfall and the surface runoff, so as to achieve the effect of simultaneously monitoring the rainfall and the surface runoff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of meteorological measurement, and particularly relates to a rain gauge capable of measuring surface runoff, a rain monitoring system and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rainfall and surface runoff are important indicators for meteorological monitoring during precipitation. During rainfall, the surface runoff increases. When the surface runoff is too large, it will cause soil erosion, and even hazards such as floods and debris flows. However, traditional rain gauges only detect rainfall, and traditional surface runoff devices only detect surface runoff. The information is not comprehensive enough for precipitation indicators and disaster prevention. Therefore, if simultaneous detection of surface runoff and rainfall is to be achieved, two detection devices need to be installed separately.

[0003] And sometimes the terrain where the rain gauge is buried has a slope. Due to the slope, there will be deviations in precipitation and surface runoff.

[0004] Based on the above problems, it is necessary to design a new rain gauge capable of measuring surface runoff, a rain monitoring system and a working method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rain gauge capable of measuring surface runoff, a rain monitoring system and a working method thereof.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a rain gauge capable of measuring surface runoff, including: a water collection device, which is arranged on the ground surface and is provided with a corresponding water collection area for collecting rainwater and surface runoff; a drainage device, which is buried in the surface soil and is connected to the water collection device, and is suitable for introducing the collected rainwater or surface runoff into the detection device; a detection device, which is suitable for respectively detecting precipitation and surface runoff; and

[0007] an attitude detection module, which is used to detect the buried attitude of the rain gauge; a processor module, which is electrically connected to the detection device and the attitude detection module, and compensates the detected surface runoff data according to the buried attitude.

[0008] Further, the water collection device includes: a rainwater collection area and a runoff collection area; wherein the rainwater collection area is a platform part, and a runoff collection part is arranged in the runoff collection area; the platform part and the runoff collection part adopt an integral structure; a rain funnel is arranged on the platform part; a rainwater discharge groove is arranged on the opening edge of the rain funnel, and the rainwater discharge groove extends towards the edge of the platform part to form a drainage channel.

[0009] Further, the runoff collection part is a rectangular opening, and an overflow baffle and a runoff water inlet are provided at the corresponding water outlet of the runoff collection part; the upper edge of the overflow baffle is flush with the ground surface; the water collected by the runoff collection part flows into the drainage device after entering the runoff water inlet through the overflow baffle.

[0010] Further, when the ground surface has a certain slope, the attitude detection module detects the inclination angle of the rain gauge; the processor module compensates the surface runoff according to the inclination angle to obtain the actual flow rate data of the surface runoff under the above slope conditions.

[0011] Further, the drainage device includes two independently arranged drainage pipes, which are respectively connected to the corresponding water collection cavities in the detection device; liquid level gauges are arranged in both water collection cavities to respectively detect the precipitation and the surface runoff.

[0012] Further, the rain gauge further includes: a drainage device connected to the corresponding water collection cavity; the drainage device includes an induction valve and a downpipe; the induction valve is opened to drain water when the water volume reaches a preset value.

[0013] Further, the rain gauge further includes: a processor module electrically connected to the liquid level gauge, and a communication module connected to the processor module.

[0014] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a rain automatic monitoring system, including: a plurality of the above-mentioned rain gauges; and a server for collecting and detecting precipitation and surface runoff data.

[0015] In the third aspect, the present invention further provides a working method of a rain automatic monitoring system, including:

[0016] A plurality of rain gauges; and collecting and detecting precipitation and surface runoff data through a server.

[0017] The rain gauge, rain monitoring system and its working method capable of measuring surface runoff provided by the present invention adopt an integrated water collection device, two parts of which can respectively collect rainwater and surface runoff, and the two water collection cavities of the detection device independently detect rainfall and surface runoff. And combined with the attitude detection module and meteorological data, it can effectively compensate the surface runoff to obtain more accurate surface runoff data. Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the prior description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the rain gauge of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the water collection device in the rain gauge of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the slope installation of the rain gauge of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic block diagram of the rain monitoring system of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure:

[0024] Water collection device 1, rainwater collection area 11, runoff collection area 12, rain gauge funnel 111, rainwater discharge groove 112, runoff collection part 121, overflow baffle 122, runoff water inlet 123;

[0025] Drainage device 2;

[0026] Detection device 3, water collection chamber 31, liquid level gauge 32;

[0027] Drainage device 4, induction valve 41, sewer pipe 42;

[0028] Communication module 5;

[0029] Ground surface 6. Specific implementation manners

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment

[0031] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides a rain gauge capable of measuring surface runoff, which may include: a water collection device 1, which is arranged on the ground surface 6 and is provided with corresponding collection areas for collecting rainwater and surface runoff; a drainage device 2, which is buried in the surface soil and is connected to the water collection device 1, and is suitable for introducing the collected rainwater or surface runoff into the detection device 3; a detection device 3, which is suitable for respectively detecting the precipitation and the surface runoff; and an attitude detection module for detecting the buried attitude of the rain gauge; a processor module, which is electrically connected to the detection device 3 and the attitude detection module, and compensates the detected surface runoff data according to the buried attitude.

[0032] The rain gauge described above realizes the collection of rainwater and surface runoff through the water collection device 1, and realizes the functions of detecting rainfall and surface runoff volume through the detection device 3, achieving the effect of simultaneous monitoring of rainfall and surface runoff volume. Moreover, combined with the buried attitude, it can effectively compensate the surface runoff volume data and improve the accuracy of the detected surface runoff volume data.

[0033] In this embodiment, the water collection device 1 includes: a rainwater collection area 11 and a runoff collection area 12; wherein the rainwater collection area 11 is a platform part, and a runoff collection part 121 is arranged in the runoff collection area 12; the platform part and the runoff collection part 121 adopt an integral structure, having the advantages of small size and flexible installation; a rain gauge funnel 111 is arranged on the platform part; in order to prevent the rainwater on the surface of the platform part from entering the rain gauge funnel 111, a rainwater discharge groove 112 is arranged on the opening edge of the rain gauge funnel 111, and the rainwater discharge groove 112 extends towards the edge of the platform part to form a drainage channel for discharging to the outside of the water collection device 1.

[0034] The runoff collection part 121 is a rectangular opening, and an overflow baffle 122 and a runoff water inlet 123 are arranged at the corresponding water outlet of the runoff collection part 121; the upper edge of the overflow baffle 122 is flush with the ground surface 6; the water collected by the runoff collection part 121 enters the runoff water inlet 123 through the overflow baffle 122 and then flows into the diversion device 2.

[0035] As Figure 3 shown, when the ground surface 6 has a certain slope α and the installation inclination angle of the rain gauge is also α, due to the excessive inertial effect of the slope water flow, a part of the slope water flow F rushes over the surface of the runoff collection area as Figure 3 shown by F1 in the figure. At this time, the actual water volume entering the runoff collection area is quite different from that in the horizontal buried state of the surface runoff monitoring unit. It is very likely that the slope water flow will rush over the runoff water inlet 123, resulting in the actual water volume entering the runoff water inlet 123 not increasing as expected. Only part of it enters the runoff water inlet 123, as shown by F2, and thus accurate surface runoff data cannot be obtained.

[0036] Therefore, the tilt angle of the rain gauge is detected by the attitude detection module; the processor module compensates the surface runoff volume according to the tilt angle to obtain the actual flow rate data of the surface runoff under the above slope conditions.

[0037] The corresponding relationship between the runoff compensation coefficient k and the buried tilt angle of the rain gauge and the actual surface runoff can be obtained through finite experiments to establish a database. Multiplying the measured surface runoff by the runoff compensation coefficient can obtain the actual flow rate data F of the surface runoff.

[0038] Installation inclination angle α Flow compensation coefficient k Surface runoff F2 Obtained by actual measurement of the attitude detection module Obtained from experimental data, specifically the coefficient values corresponding to specific flow rates and inclination angles obtained in the experiment Obtained by actual measurement

[0039] The actual flow data is F = k * F2.

[0040] The installation method of this rain gauge can be as Figure 3 shown. Specifically, the runoff catchment area 12 is at a high position in the rain catchment area 11, and its length direction is inclined along the slope.

[0041] The drainage device 2 includes two drainage pipes respectively connected to the rain gauge funnel 111 and the runoff water inlet 123, and is connected to the corresponding water collection chambers 31 in the detection device 3; level gauges 32 such as the first level gauge and the second level gauge are arranged in both water collection chambers 31 to detect the precipitation and surface runoff respectively.

[0042] In this embodiment, the level gauge 32 can be but is not limited to M18U150 and M30U1500.

[0043] The rain gauge shown also includes: a drainage device 4 connected to the corresponding water collection chamber 31; the drainage device 4 includes an induction valve 41 and a downpipe 42, and the induction valve 41 is opened to drain water when the water volume preset value is reached.

[0044] In this embodiment, the induction valve 41 can be but is not limited to D971X and D943H-16P.

[0045] As Figure 3 shown, the rain gauge shown also includes: the level gauge 32 is electrically connected to the processor module, and the processor module is also electrically connected to the communication module 5.

[0046] The antenna corresponding to the communication module 5 is arranged on the water collection device 1 of the rain gauge.

[0047] The model of the processor module can be but is not limited to a control board composed of an embedded processor.

[0048] The communication module 5 can adopt a 4G wireless communication module.

[0049] As Figure 3 shown, this embodiment also provides a rain automatic monitoring system, which includes: a plurality of the rain gauges; and a server for collecting and detecting precipitation and surface runoff data.

[0050] This embodiment also provides a working method of a rain automatic monitoring system, which includes: a plurality of the rain gauges; collecting and detecting precipitation and surface runoff data through the server.

[0051] In summary, the rain gauge, rain monitoring system and working method for measuring surface runoff provided by the present invention collect rainwater and surface runoff through the integrated water collection device of the rain gauge, detect the rainfall and surface runoff volume through the detection device 3 of the rain gauge, and combine the attitude detection module with meteorological data to effectively compensate for the surface runoff volume to obtain more accurate surface runoff volume data.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] Taking the above-mentioned ideal embodiments of the present invention as an inspiration, through the above description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications completely within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention without deviation. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rain gauge capable of measuring surface runoff, characterized in that, include: A water collection device (1) is arranged on the ground surface (6) and is provided with a corresponding water collection area for collecting rainwater and surface runoff; A drainage device (2) is buried in the surface soil and connected to the water collection device (1), suitable for guiding the collected rainwater or surface runoff into the detection device (3); A detection device (3) adapted to detect precipitation and surface runoff respectively; as well as Attitude detection module, used to detect the buried attitude of the rain gauge; The processor module is electrically connected to the detection device (3) and the posture detection module, and compensates the detected surface runoff data according to the buried posture; the corresponding relationship between the runoff compensation coefficient k and the pre-buried tilt angle of the rain gauge and the actual surface runoff is obtained through limited experiments, and a database is established; The actual flow data F of surface runoff can be obtained by multiplying the measured surface runoff with the runoff compensation coefficient; The water collection device (1) comprises: a rainwater collection area (11) and a runoff collection area (12); in The rainwater catchment area (11) is a platform. A runoff collection portion (121) is provided in the runoff catchment area (12); The platform portion and the runoff collecting portion (121) adopt an integrated structure; The platform portion is provided with a rainfall funnel (111); A rainwater discharge groove (112) is provided at the opening edge of the rain funnel (111), and the rainwater discharge groove (112) extends toward the edge of the platform portion to form a drainage channel; The runoff collecting portion (121) is a rectangular opening, and the outlet corresponding to the runoff collecting portion (121) is provided with an overflow baffle (122) and a runoff inlet (123); The upper edge of the overflow baffle (122) is flush with the ground surface (6); The water collected by the runoff collection portion (121) enters the runoff inlet (123) through the overflow baffle (122) and then flows into the drainage device (2); When the ground surface (6) presents a certain slope, the attitude detection module detects the tilt angle of the rain gauge; The processor module compensates the surface runoff according to the inclination angle to obtain actual flow data of the surface runoff under the above slope conditions; The drainage device (2) includes two independently arranged drainage tubes, which are respectively connected to corresponding water collection chambers (31) in the detection device (3); Liquid level gauges (32) are provided in both water collection chambers to respectively detect precipitation and surface runoff.

2. The rain gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: a drainage device (4) connected to the corresponding water collection chamber; The drainage device (4) includes a sensing valve (41) and a downpipe (42); When the water volume reaches the preset value, the sensing valve (41) is opened to drain the water.

3. The rain gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that The liquid level meter (32) is electrically connected to the processor module, and The processor module is also electrically connected to the communication module.

Images