A hydrogen injector capable of being controlled in sections

Abstract

The present invention claims a segmentally controllable hydrogen injector, which includes a main injector, a sub-injector and an ejector, the ejector is provided with a main inlet, a sub-inlet, a bypass channel and an ejection mixing chamber, the outlet of the main injector is connected to the main inlet, the outlet of the sub-injector is connected to the sub-inlet, the main inlet and the sub-inlet are both connected to the bypass channel, the bypass channel is provided with a convergent nozzle at the ejection mixing chamber, and the bypass channel is connected to the ejection mixing chamber through the convergent nozzle. The present invention uses two injectors, the main injector and the sub-injector, to supply hydrogen, the hydrogen enters from the inlet of the main injector and the sub-injector, enters the bypass channel through the main injector and the sub-injector respectively, and then is ejected into the ejection mixing chamber through the convergent nozzle, the ejector ejects the hydrogen circulated back to the ejector through the convergent nozzle and ejects it from the hydrogen outlet of the ejector after mixing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen injection, and more specifically, to a hydrogen injector which can be controlled in sections. Background Art

[0002] The core reaction component of the hydrogen fuel cell system is the hydrogen fuel cell stack. The anode (hydrogen side) of the hydrogen fuel cell stack requires continuous hydrogen supply and circulation.

[0003] The hydrogen pressure required for the hydrogen fuel cell stack during the power generation reaction is 0.01-0.2 MPa, and the pressure needs to be continuously adjusted according to the power generation power. The pressure of the hydrogen bottle after the first-level decompression is generally around 1 MPa, so a secondary decompression device is needed to maintain the internal pressure of the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0004] The hydrogen fuel cell stack generates water and electricity through an electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, so a large amount of water is produced during the power generation process. Water will adhere to the surface of the reaction membrane electrode, affecting the combination reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, and thus causing the power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack to decrease or even be damaged. Therefore, a hydrogen circulation device is needed to continuously circulate the hydrogen inside the hydrogen fuel cell stack, separate the water during the circulation process through devices such as a steam-water separator, and discharge it through a drain valve.

[0005] At present, the hydrogen supply solution is proportional valve pressure regulation or hydrogen injector pressure regulation; the hydrogen circulation solution is hydrogen circulation pump or ejector. The greater the supply of hydrogen, the greater the power of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. The hydrogen fuel cell system often needs to change power during operation. The proportional valve pressure regulation has the advantage of stable regulation, but it cannot quickly adjust the pressure. The hydrogen injector has a fast pressure regulation function, but it has the disadvantages of being difficult to control and unable to accurately control.

[0006] Therefore, how to better control the supply of hydrogen is the technical problem to be solved by this application. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, a segmentally controllable hydrogen injector is provided, which is started by segmentally controlling a main injector and an auxiliary injector, thereby achieving hydrogen supply in a low power stage and a full power stage.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0009] A segmentally controllable hydrogen injector comprises a main injector, a sub-injector and an ejector, wherein the ejector is provided with a main inlet, a sub-inlet, a bypass channel and an ejector mixing chamber, the outlet of the main injector is connected to the main inlet, the outlet of the sub-injector is connected to the sub-inlet, the main inlet and the sub-inlet are both connected to the bypass channel, the bypass channel is provided with a converging nozzle at the ejector mixing chamber, and the bypass channel is connected to the ejector mixing chamber through the converging nozzle.

[0010] In summary, the above technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: the present invention adopts two injectors, the main injector and the auxiliary injector, to supply hydrogen. Hydrogen enters from the inlet of the main injector and the auxiliary injector, enters the bypass channel through the main injector and the auxiliary injector respectively, and then is sprayed to the ejection mixing chamber through the converging nozzle. The ejector ejects the hydrogen that circulates back to the ejector through the converging nozzle and injects it to the ejection mixing chamber together for mixing and then ejects it from the hydrogen outlet of the ejector. The ejector has a fast pressure regulating function, but there are problems such as high control difficulty and inability to accurately control. The present invention controls the injection of hydrogen by two injectors in sections, so as to meet the hydrogen supply demand at different power stages. For example, when the hydrogen system is in the low power stage and the hydrogen demand is small, only one of the main injector or the auxiliary injector is enabled. When the hydrogen system needs to run at full power, another injector is enabled to provide hydrogen together. By setting the main injector and the auxiliary injector, the control of hydrogen is divided into two injection valves, which can not only achieve fast regulation, but also control the two injection valves separately to achieve the effect of adjusting pressure more easily. The injector of the present invention may be a proportional valve or an injection valve, preferably an injection valve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a first cross-sectional view of a hydrogen injector that can be controlled in sections;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ejector of a hydrogen ejector that can be controlled in sections;

[0013] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged view of area A in the middle;

[0014] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged view of area B in the middle;

[0015] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an elastic member of a hydrogen injector that can be controlled in sections;

[0016] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen inlet pipe that can be controlled in sections;

[0017] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a stereogram of an ejector that can be controlled in sections;

[0018] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a second cross-sectional view of a hydrogen injector that can be controlled in sections;

[0019] Fig. 9 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connecting nozzle structure of a hydrogen injector that can be controlled in sections.

[0020] Figure numerals: 10, main injector; 11, valve core; 12, elastic member; 13, sealing ring; 20, auxiliary injector; 30, ejector; 31, main inlet; 32, auxiliary inlet; 33, bypass channel; 34, converging nozzle; 35, ejection mixing chamber; 36, return hydrogen nozzle; 37, hydrogen outlet nozzle; 38, connecting groove; 39, threaded hole; 40, outer nozzle; 41, bypass nozzle; 50, inner nozzle; 51, main nozzle; 60, hydrogen inlet pipe; 61, hydrogen inlet channel; 62, hydrogen outlet; 63, hydrogen inlet; 70, connecting member; 71, connecting hole; 72, assembly hole; 80, connecting nozzle; 81, connecting piece; 811, pipe mouth; 812, mounting hole; 82, connecting pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The same parts are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the words "bottom surface" and "top surface", "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a segmentally controllable hydrogen injector includes a main injector 10, a sub-injector 20 and an ejector 30. The ejector 30 is provided with a main inlet 31, a sub-inlet 32, a bypass channel 33 and an ejection mixing chamber 35. The outlet of the main injector 10 is connected to the main inlet 31, the outlet of the sub-injector 20 is connected to the sub-inlet 32, the main inlet 31 and the sub-inlet 32 ​​are both connected to the bypass channel 33, the bypass channel 33 is provided with a converging nozzle 34 at the ejection mixing chamber 35, and the bypass channel 33 is connected to the ejection mixing chamber 35 through the converging nozzle 34. The present invention uses two injectors, a main injector 10 and an auxiliary injector 20, to supply hydrogen. Hydrogen enters from the inlet of the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20, respectively, and enters the bypass channel 33 through the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20, and then is sprayed to the ejection mixing chamber 35 through the converging nozzle 34. The hydrogen ejected by the ejector 30 through the converging nozzle 34 ejects the hydrogen circulated back to the ejector 30 to the ejection mixing chamber 35 for mixing and then ejected from the hydrogen outlet nozzle 37 of the ejector 30. The ejector has a fast pressure regulation function, but there are problems of high control difficulty and inability to accurately control. The present invention uses two injectors to control the injection of hydrogen in sections, so as to meet the hydrogen supply requirements at different power stages. For example, when the hydrogen system is in a low power stage and the hydrogen demand is small, only one of the main injector 10 or the auxiliary injector 20 is enabled. When the hydrogen system needs to run at full power, the other injector is enabled to provide hydrogen together. By setting the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20, the control hydrogen is divided into two injectors, which can not only achieve rapid regulation, but also control the two injection valves separately to achieve the function of adjusting the pressure more easily. The injector of the present invention can be a proportional valve or an injection valve, preferably an injection valve.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, an outer nozzle 40 and an inner nozzle 50 are arranged at the converging nozzle 34, the radius of the outer nozzle 40 is greater than the radius of the inner nozzle 50, the inner nozzle 50 is arranged inside the outer nozzle 40, the inner nozzle 50 is connected to the outlet of the main injector 10 to form a main nozzle 51, and a bypass nozzle 41 is formed between the outer nozzle 40 and the inner nozzle 50, and the bypass nozzle 41 is connected to the bypass channel 33. The principle of the ejector 30 is to inject gas to generate a negative pressure zone, and the ejected gas enters the ejection mixing chamber 35 under the drive of negative pressure and is ejected together after mixing. It needs to be used with a proportional valve or an ejector to achieve the purpose of ejection. When a proportional valve plus an ejector 30 or an ejector plus an ejector 30 is used, when the hydrogen system is in the low-power stage, the gas demand is small, so the ejection flow rate will be very small, and the purpose of hydrogen circulation cannot be achieved. The present invention arranges an outer nozzle 40 and an inner nozzle 50, and adopts a large and small nozzle in the injection port, and a segmented control mode. In the low power section, the auxiliary injector 20 is opened to spray hydrogen through the bypass nozzle 41, and the opening time is increased to increase the injection amount, so as to achieve a full-power injection effect and completely replace the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0024] The area of ​​the bypass nozzle 41 is smaller than that of the main nozzle 51. In the low power stage, the auxiliary injector 20 is enabled to inject hydrogen through the bypass nozzle 41. Because the area of ​​the bypass nozzle 41 is small, the opening time can be increased and the injection amount can be increased, so as to achieve the full power injection effect and completely replace the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0025] The radius of the outer nozzle 40 is greater than the radius of the inner nozzle 50, and less than √2 times the radius of the inner nozzle 50. When the radius of the outer nozzle 40 is equal to √2 times the radius of the inner nozzle 50, the area of ​​the main nozzle 51 is equal to the area of ​​the bypass nozzle 41. Therefore, when the radius of the outer nozzle 40 is within the range of the radius of the inner nozzle 50 to √2 times the radius of the inner nozzle 50, the area of ​​the bypass nozzle 41 will be smaller than the area of ​​the main nozzle 51.

[0026] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20 both include a valve core 11 and an elastic member 12 disposed at the outlet, wherein the elastic member 12 is disposed on one side of the moving direction of the valve core 11 when it is opened, and is disposed in abutment with the valve core 11. When the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20 are powered off, the valve core 11 loses its magnetic force and cannot be adsorbed, and the elastic member 12 is used to resist the valve core 11 to reset the valve core 11 and close the valve.

[0027] The elastic member 12 is a flat spring. The flat spring can increase the radial restraint force of the valve core 11, thereby preventing the valve core 11 from shaking and allowing the valve core 11 to only perform up and down opening and closing movements, thereby reducing the friction loss of the valve core 11. This setting reduces the contact between the valve stem and the valve core 11, reduces the wear of the switch, and thus achieves the purpose of extending the service life of the injection system.

[0028] like Figure 6 As shown, it also includes a hydrogen inlet pipe 60 and a connecting piece 70; the hydrogen inlet pipe 60 is provided with a hydrogen inlet channel 61 and two hydrogen outlets 62, one end of the hydrogen inlet channel 61 is connected to the outside to form a hydrogen inlet port 63 for connecting hydrogen at one end of the hydrogen inlet pipe 60, and the other end is not connected to the outside, and the two hydrogen outlets 62 are located on one side of the hydrogen inlet pipe 60, and are both connected to the hydrogen inlet channel 61; the inlets of the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20 are respectively connected to the two hydrogen outlets 62, and the hydrogen inlet pipe 60 and the ejector 30 are connected by a connecting piece 70, which is used to fix the main injector 10 between the hydrogen inlet pipe 60 and the ejector 30, and to fix the auxiliary injector 20 between the hydrogen inlet pipe 60 and the ejector 30.

[0029] The main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20 are clamped from both sides by the hydrogen inlet pipe 60 and the ejector 30. The hydrogen inlet pipe 60 and the ejector 30 are fixed by the connecting piece 70, so that the inlet of the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20 are engaged and connected with the hydrogen outlet 62, the outlet of the main injector 10 is engaged and connected with the main inlet 31, and the outlet of the auxiliary injector 20 is engaged and connected with the auxiliary inlet 32, thereby forming an integrated body. The integrated design is structurally friendly and very convenient for the installation of the hydrogen fuel cell system, which greatly saves system space. The hydrogen inlet pipe 60 is used to introduce hydrogen from an inlet into the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20, and can cooperate with the connecting piece 70 and the ejector 30 to clamp the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20, so as to avoid hydrogen leakage at the inlet and outlet of the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20.

[0030] like Figure 7 As shown, one end of the connector 70 is fixedly connected to the hydrogen inlet pipe 60, and the other end is connected to the ejector 30 by bolts. Specifically, a connecting hole 71 is provided at one end of the connector 70 connected to the ejector 30, and the ejector 30 is provided with a connecting groove 38 for the connector 70 to be inserted, and a threaded hole 39 penetrating the connecting groove 38, and a plurality of assembly holes 72 are also provided on the connector 70. During assembly, the outlet of the main injector 10 is placed in the main inlet 31, and the outlet of the auxiliary injector 20 is placed in the auxiliary inlet 32, and then the hydrogen inlet port 63 of the hydrogen inlet pipe 60 is aligned and connected with the inlet of the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20. When the hydrogen inlet port 63 is connected with the inlet of the main injector 10 and the auxiliary injector 20, the connector 70 is located in the connecting groove 38, and the connecting hole 71 is aligned with the threaded hole 39. Finally, the connector 70 is connected to the ejector 30 by bolts to complete the assembly. The assembly hole 72 on the connecting member 70 is used to assemble the hydrogen injector to the target position. The connecting pipe 82 is used as a component to connect the hydrogen inlet pipe 60 and the injector 30, and can also be used as a fulcrum for installation, so that the structure of the hydrogen injector is compact, saving materials and space.

[0031] The inlet and outlet of the main injector 10 are both provided with sealing rings 13, and the inlet and outlet of the auxiliary injector 20 are also provided with sealing rings 13. The sealing ring 13 is a rubber ring, or made of other materials with sealing effect. The direction in which the connector 70 is inserted into the connecting groove 38 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the threaded hole 39, that is, the main injector 10 is engaged with the hydrogen outlet 62 and the main inlet 31 in the up-down direction, and the auxiliary injector 20 is engaged with the hydrogen outlet 62 and the auxiliary inlet 32 ​​in the up-down direction. The extension direction of the threaded hole 39 is the front-to-back direction, so that the force direction of the sealing ring 13 is the radial direction of the bolt in the threaded hole 39, so that the bolt can be firmly fixed to the threaded hole 39 after being tightened to avoid loosening.

[0032] like Figure 8As shown, the ejector 30 also includes a hydrogen return port and a hydrogen outlet 62, both of which are connected to the ejector mixing chamber 35, and the hydrogen return port is located at the outer nozzle 40 and the inner nozzle 50, and a detachable connecting nozzle 80 is provided at the hydrogen return port and the hydrogen outlet 62. The connecting nozzle 80 is bolted to the ejector 30, and can be easily replaced when a connecting nozzle 80 of a different diameter needs to be replaced. Simulation can be performed according to different power systems and different fuel cells, and the diameter of the hydrogen outlet nozzle can be adjusted according to the simulation results to adapt to different power systems and different fuel cells.

[0033] like Fig. 9 As shown, the connecting nozzle 80 includes a connecting piece 81 and a connecting pipe 82. The connecting piece 81 is provided with a pipe opening 811 and a plurality of mounting holes 812. The connecting pipe 82 is arranged at the pipe opening 811 and connected to the connecting piece 81. The hydrogen return port and the hydrogen outlet 62 of the ejector 30 are both provided with threaded holes 39. When the pipe opening 811 of the connecting piece 81 is aligned with the hydrogen outlet nozzle 37, the mounting holes 812 are also aligned with the threaded holes 39, and the hydrogen outlet nozzle can be installed on the ejector 30 by bolts. The connecting pipe 82 of the hydrogen outlet nozzle has a variety of different aperture sizes, and hydrogen outlet nozzles with different apertures can be selected according to different power systems.

[0034] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The controller, the injector and the ejector 30 are designed as an integrated structure, which is friendly, beautiful and easy to install. 2. The ejector 30 is a mechanical design without parasitic power consumption, which can save at least 2KW of system power compared with the hydrogen circulation pump. 3. Control: (1) The valve port control adopts the Peak_Hold control method to solve the valve port heating problem. (2) The high-speed control method is adopted, and the response frequency is as high as 10KHZ or more, which effectively solves the pressure fluctuation caused by exhaust and drainage. 4. The converging nozzle 34 adopts a large and small mouth and a segmented control method. A small mouth is opened in the low power section to increase the opening time and increase the ejection amount, so as to achieve the full power ejection effect and completely replace the hydrogen circulation pump. In addition, the connecting nozzle 80 and the whole body are detachable parts, which can be simulated according to different power systems and different battery stacks, and the valve port size is adjusted according to the simulation results to adapt to different power systems and different battery stacks. 5. The injection valve is a non-contact injection valve with a valve stem and a valve core 11 to reduce switch wear, thereby achieving the purpose of extending the service life of the injection system.

[0035] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen injector that can be controlled in sections, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main injector (10), a secondary injector (20) and an ejector (30), wherein the ejector (30) is provided with a main inlet (31), a secondary inlet (32), a bypass channel (33) and an ejection mixing chamber (35), wherein the outlet of the main injector (10) is connected to the main inlet (31), the outlet of the secondary injector (20) is connected to the secondary inlet (32), the main inlet (31) and the secondary inlet (32) are both connected to the bypass channel (33), the bypass channel (33) is provided with a converging nozzle (34) at the ejection mixing chamber (35), and the bypass channel (33) is connected to the ejection mixing chamber (35) through the converging nozzle (34); It also includes a hydrogen inlet pipe (60) and a connecting piece (70); The hydrogen inlet pipe (60) is provided with a hydrogen inlet channel (61) and two hydrogen outlets (62); one end of the hydrogen inlet channel (61) is connected to the outside, thereby forming a hydrogen inlet (63) for receiving hydrogen at one end of the hydrogen inlet pipe (60); the other end is not connected to the outside; the two hydrogen outlets (62) are located on one side of the hydrogen inlet pipe (60) and are both connected to the hydrogen inlet channel (61); The inlets of the main injector (10) and the auxiliary injector (20) are respectively connected to the two hydrogen outlets (62); the hydrogen inlet pipe (60) and the ejector (30) are connected via a connector (70) for fixing the main injector (10) between the hydrogen inlet pipe (60) and the ejector (30), and fixing the auxiliary injector (20) between the hydrogen inlet pipe (60) and the ejector (30); The main injector (10) and the auxiliary injector (20) are clamped from both sides by the hydrogen inlet pipe (60) and the ejector (30), and the hydrogen inlet pipe (60) and the ejector (30) are fixed by a connecting piece (70), so that the inlets of the main injector (10) and the auxiliary injector (20) are engaged and communicated with the hydrogen outlet (62), the outlet of the main injector (10) is engaged and communicated with the main inlet (31), and the outlet of the auxiliary injector (20) is engaged and communicated with the auxiliary inlet (32); One end of the connecting piece (70) is fixedly connected to the hydrogen inlet pipe (60), and the other end is connected to the ejector (30) by means of bolts. A connecting hole (71) is provided at the end of the connecting piece (70) connected to the ejector (30). The ejector (30) is provided with a connecting groove (38) for inserting the connecting piece (70) and a threaded hole (39) penetrating the connecting groove (38). The connecting piece (70) is also provided with a plurality of assembly holes (72).

2. The segmentally controllable hydrogen injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer nozzle (40) and an inner nozzle (50) are arranged at the converging nozzle (34); the radius of the outer nozzle (40) is greater than the radius of the inner nozzle (50); the inner nozzle (50) is arranged inside the outer nozzle (40); the inner nozzle (50) is connected to the outlet of the main injector (10) to form a main nozzle (51); a bypass nozzle (41) is formed between the outer nozzle (40) and the inner nozzle (50); the bypass nozzle (41) is connected to the bypass channel (33).

3. The segmentally controllable hydrogen injector according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The area of ​​the bypass nozzle (41) is smaller than the area of ​​the main nozzle (51).

4. The segmentally controllable hydrogen injector according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The radius of the outer nozzle (40) is greater than the radius of the inner nozzle (50) and smaller than the radius of the inner nozzle (50). times.

5. The segmentally controllable hydrogen injector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main injector (10) and the auxiliary injector (20) both comprise a valve core (11) and an elastic member (12) arranged at an outlet, wherein the elastic member (12) is arranged on one side of the moving direction of the valve core (11) when the valve core (11) is opened, and is arranged to abut against the valve core (11).

6. The segmentally controllable hydrogen injector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic member (12) is a flat spring.

7. The segmentally controllable hydrogen injector according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the connecting piece (70) is fixedly connected to the hydrogen inlet pipe (60), and the other end is connected to the ejector (30) via a bolt.

8. The segmentally controllable hydrogen injector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The ejector (30) further comprises a return hydrogen nozzle (36) and a hydrogen outlet nozzle (37), both of which are in communication with the ejector mixing chamber (35), the return hydrogen nozzle (36) being located at the outer nozzle (40) and the inner nozzle (50), and both of which are provided with a detachable connecting nozzle (80).

9. The segmentally controllable hydrogen injector according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting nozzle (80) comprises a connecting piece (81) and a connecting pipe (82); the connecting piece (81) is provided with a pipe opening (811) and a plurality of mounting holes (812); the connecting pipe (82) is arranged at the pipe opening (811) and connected to the connecting piece (81).

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