A drill bit for the construction of a rotary drilling rig and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a drill bit for the construction of a rotary drilling rig and its construction method; it includes a drill bit body, and a plurality of blades for cutting the pile hole wall are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the drill bit body; a plurality of bases are arranged on the bottom edge of the drill bit body, and a cutter head is detachably connected to the base; the structure of the present invention is simple and ingeniously designed. The blades of traditional rotary drilling bits usually have disposable and non-replaceable cutter heads, and the entire cutter head is welded to the rotary drilling bit, which seriously hinders the improvement of construction efficiency; the cutter head of the present invention can be replaced at any time by a spiral fastening method between the base and the blade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of construction engineering, and particularly relates to a drill bit for rotary drilling rig construction and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of modern construction technology and the improvement of requirements for green construction and environmental protection, higher requirements are put forward for construction dust and noise. Rotary drilling rig hole formation is the mainstream method in the field of pile foundation construction and also the future development direction. Therefore, with the continuous improvement of the quality of foundation projects, the rock penetration depth of rotary drilling rig pile foundations is increasing. Traditional drill bits mainly drive the drill pipe and the drill bit to excavate through the pile rig system. Due to the increasing excavation depth and the increasing hardness of the rock layer, hard alloy cutting teeth and hard alloy roller cones, as vulnerable parts, wear very quickly when encountering relatively hard rocks, and the rock penetration speed is very slow, bringing great difficulties to the excavation work, and there are problems such as low construction efficiency and high fuel emissions. At the same time, end-bearing piles mainly ensure the bearing capacity of the pile body through the rock penetration depth, so the rock penetration depth will be increased.

[0003] The existing drill bits and construction processes have the following disadvantages: First, traditional rotary drill bits have problems such as low construction efficiency and high fuel emissions during drilling. Second, traditional rotary drill bits cannot drill hard rocks, which will accelerate the wear of the drill bits. Third, they do not consider the state of the soil surface and only need to meet the standard of non-collapse of the hole.

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art and provides a drill bit for rotary drilling rig construction and a construction method thereof. It can drill in hard rock and soil layers with a hardness greater than, ensuring the rock penetration depth of the pile body. The main material of the drill bit comes from commercial materials, and this material has strong circulation in the market. Secondly, by improving the construction process, the biting force is increased to provide downward bearing capacity or upward uplift force.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A drill bit for rotary drilling rig construction, including a drill bit body, and a plurality of blades for cutting the pile hole wall are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the drill bit body; a plurality of bases are arranged on the bottom edge of the drill bit body, and a cutter head is detachably connected to the base.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of bases are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged on the drill bit body in a ring shape.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drill bit body is fixedly connected to the base and integrally formed.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, four groups of blades are provided and are equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the drill bit body.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of the blade is 1 / 4 of the outer diameter of the drill bit body.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a steel plate fixing member is fixedly provided at the center of the top of the drill bit body, and a plurality of reinforcing plates are fixedly provided at the connection between the steel plate fixing member and the drill bit body.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 4 reinforcing plates are provided and are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the top of the drill bit body.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cutter head has a conical structure.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the cutter head has an arc-shaped structure.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a spiral screw head is provided at the lower part of the base, the cutter head is matched with the spiral screw head of the base, and the cutter head rotates to be fixed to the spiral screw head.

[0016] A tungsten carbide drill bit for rotary drilling rig construction adopts high-strength alloy steel and alloy tungsten materials in rotary drilling pile construction, and can meet the drilling requirements of shallow surface layers of hard soil layers.

[0017] The present invention improves the drill body, blade base material, blade material and the connection method between the cutter head and the blade base of the barrel drill bit, etc., so as to meet the damage to the drill bit and cutter head caused by rock layers of different hardness. At the same time, by equipping multiple groups of blades, long-term operation can be carried out.

[0018] A drill bit for rotary drilling rig construction and its construction method use common commercial materials in drill bit production, which are prepared from alloy tungsten and alloy steel, and have characteristics such as high hardness, high temperature resistance and wear resistance. During construction, if a 250 rotary drilling rig is used as the drill bit connecting rig, it slowly drills from top to bottom. Through the fitting steel bars around the cylinder, a spiral shape is formed in the soil layer of the pile hole. When approaching the rock layer, the torque is increased. However, due to the use of tungsten carbide blades, only the torque needs to be fixed at 200 kn / m to drill the layer. During the rotary drilling process, there is no need to cut or re-weld and replace the blades. Only the tungsten carbide base and the tungsten carbide blade need to be separated, and the blade and the tungsten carbide base need to be rotated and fastened again.

[0019] A construction method of a drill bit for rotary drilling rig construction includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Construction preparation; For temporary water and electricity, construct the construction power line using the three-phase five-wire system and set up night construction lighting fixtures; Connect the water pipe according to the on-site water demand, and excavate the mud pit and sedimentation tank for hole cleaning operation;

[0021] Step 2: Construction machinery, adopt steel casing, GJR250 rotary drilling pile foundation, two sets of drill bit body and supporting tungsten carbide cutting heads;

[0022] Step 3: Construction technical preparation; The rotary drilling pile of the present invention has a hole diameter of 1.5m, and the construction worker needs to measure and set out the pile position;

[0023] Step 4: Construction for improving the bite force between the pile body and the soil; Bury the casing. Set the steel casing before construction, which is produced and customized by the steel mold factory and made of 8mm steel plate; The pile foundation casing adopts a 2m long steel casing; The upper part of the casing should be tied with wooden squares symmetrically and lifted tightly to prevent it from slipping down;

[0024] Step 5: Position the pile driver; When positioning the pile driver, check in advance whether the performance status of the pile driver is good; Ensure the normal operation of the pile driver; Accurately determine the position of the pile driver through the surveyed pile position to ensure the stability of the pile driver;

[0025] Step 6: Drilling to form a hole; When the rotary drilling rig is drilling, ensure the stability of the pile driver and the verticality of the drill pipe, and use the spiral drill bit to drill in the silt soil and silty clay soil;

[0026] Step 7: Drilling into the rock; After reaching the surface of the hard soil layer, replace the drill bit with a high-strength alloy steel cylinder drill bit; After replacement, lower it from top to bottom at a speed of 30 revolutions per minute and a sinking speed of 10m per minute until it reaches the hard soil layer, and then start drilling the hard layer. At this time, the torque of 200kn / m is sufficient; After completion of drilling, lift it at a speed of 30 revolutions per minute and a sinking speed of 10m per minute;

[0027] Step 8: Monitoring of the formed hole and sediment; After the formed hole reaches the design elevation, monitor the hole depth, hole diameter, hole wall verticality, and sediment thickness. Prepare the detection tools, sounding ropes, etc. before monitoring; For the detection of sediment, place the instrument and record the length of the sounding rope on the detection round plate; Lower the inspection and control steel bar with the steel wire sounding rope and record the length of the inspection hole steel bar plus the sounding rope; The difference between the lengths is the sediment thickness;

[0028] Step 9: Place the steel reinforcement cage and the conduit; Lift and place the on-site steel reinforcement cage using a crane, and at the same time ensure the verticality of the steel bars. When placing the steel reinforcement cage, avoid the steel reinforcement cage colliding with the hole wall and causing hole collapse, and lower it slowly; The conduit should also be lowered vertically and gently, and record the number of sections lowered at the same time. Recheck the hole depth by recording the number of sections;

[0029] Step 10: Pour underwater concrete; there is water in the pile hole, so the grade of the concrete should be increased by one level when pouring the concrete. When using the conduit pouring method to pour underwater concrete, ensure that the conduit mouth enters the concrete by about 2m, and the rising speed of the concrete is not less than 2m / h, and slowly lift it as the concrete is poured.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. The structure of the present invention is simple and ingeniously designed. The blades of traditional rotary drilling bits are usually disposable and non-replaceable, and the whole blade is welded to the rotary drilling bit, which seriously hinders the improvement of construction efficiency. The present invention can replace the blade at any time by screwing the base and the blade tightly;

[0032] 2. Due to the complexity of the geological conditions of each project, the present invention matches the blades of corresponding strength according to different geological conditions. Compared with ordinary drill bits, it needs to be cut and reinstalled and welded, reducing labor and material costs;

[0033] 3. One base of the present invention can be configured with multiple blades. During use, only the blades need to be replaced, without wasting the base material, reducing material costs. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Partial enlarged view in the A direction.

[0036] Reference numerals in the drawings: steel plate fixing member 1, blade tip 3, reinforcing plate 4, drill bit body 5, blade 6, base 7. Detailed Embodiments

[0037] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0039] Embodiment:

[0040] As shown in Figures 1 - 2, the present invention provides a drill bit for the construction of a rotary drilling rig, which includes a drill bit body 5. A plurality of blades 6 for cutting the pile hole wall are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the drill bit body 5; a plurality of bases 7 are arranged on the bottom edge of the drill bit body 5, and a cutter head 3 is detachably connected to the base 7; during construction, it is fixed to the rotary drilling rig through a pin and placed on a hard soil layer for drilling.

[0041] A spiral thread is provided at the lower part of the base 7, and the cutter head 3 cooperates with the spiral thread of the base 7, and the cutter head 3 rotates until it is fixed to the spiral thread.

[0042] The structure of the present invention is simple and ingeniously designed. The blades of traditional rotary drilling bits usually have disposable and non - replaceable cutter heads, which weld the entire cutter head to the rotary drilling bit, bringing serious obstacles to the improvement of construction efficiency. The present invention can replace the cutter head at any time by means of spiral fastening between the base and the blade.

[0043] Specifically, the cutter head 3 is a tungsten carbide blade with a diameter of 5 cm, and the base 7 is a tungsten carbide base with a diameter of 5 cm; a plurality of bases 7 are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged in a ring on the drill bit body 5. And the tungsten carbide base 7 has a 5 - cm spiral thread.

[0044] The drill bit body 5 is fixedly connected to the base 7 and integrally formed; this improves the structural strength and overall firmness of the entire drill bit, and further ensures the use safety. More specifically, for the connection method of the tungsten carbide base 7 and the tungsten carbide drill bit body 5 dedicated to the rotary drilling rig, first, the tungsten carbide base 7 is welded to the drill bit body 5 using low - temperature silver solder, and then the tungsten carbide cutter head 3 is spirally fastened to the tungsten carbide base 7 welded to the drill bit body 5.

[0045] Specifically, four groups of blades 6 are provided and are equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the drill bit body 5; among them, the blade 6 is a 3 - cm high - strength alloy steel plate, and the length of the blade 6 is 1 / 4 of the outer diameter of the drill bit body 5.

[0046] A steel plate fixing member 1 is fixedly provided at the center of the top of the drill bit body 5, and a plurality of reinforcing plates 4 are fixedly provided at the connection between the steel plate fixing member 1 and the drill bit body 5. Specifically, the steel plate fixing member 1 is a 1.5 - cm high - strength alloy steel plate fixing member, the drill bit body 5 is a high - strength alloy steel cylindrical drill bit with a specification of a 1480 - mm diameter drill bit, the reinforcing plate 4 is a 1.5 - cm high - strength alloy steel plate, and 4 pieces of reinforcing plates 4 are provided and are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged along the top of the drill bit body 5.

[0047] The cutter head 3 in this embodiment has a conical structure, and the top of the cutter head 3 has an arc - shaped structure.

[0048] The working principle of a drill bit for rotary drilling rig construction is as follows: First, determine the required hole diameter and customize a high-strength alloy steel barrel-shaped drill bit; customize a 1.5-cm high-strength alloy steel plate fixing part 1 according to the size of the rotary rod of the drilling rig, and weld the 1.5-cm high-strength alloy steel plate fixing part 1 at the center position of the high-strength alloy steel barrel-shaped drill bit body 5. Then, weld the 1.5-cm high-strength alloy reinforcing plate 4 to the four diagonal corners of the 1.5-cm high-strength alloy steel plate fixing part 1 and the barrel-shaped drill bit; symmetrically weld 3-cm high-strength alloy steel plate blades 6 around the high-strength alloy steel barrel-shaped drill bit body 5. Finally, fix and connect the formed 1.5-cm high-strength alloy steel plate fixing part 1 to the rotary rod of the 250 rotary drilling rig using a pin. After completing the composition of the high-strength alloy steel barrel-shaped drill bit, weld a 5-cm diameter tungsten carbide base 7 to the high-strength alloy steel barrel-shaped drill bit body 5 using silver welding. After completion of welding, screw-tighten the 5-cm diameter tungsten carbide cutter head 3 and the 5-cm diameter tungsten carbide base 7.

[0049] After the rotary drilling rig uses a spiral drill bit to complete the drilling in the silt layer or silty clay layer, fix and connect the completed high-strength alloy steel barrel-shaped drill bit to the rotary rod of the 250 rotary drilling rig using a pin. Then, lower it to the hard soil layer at a rotational speed of 30 revolutions per minute and a sinking speed of 10 m per minute from top to bottom. After that, start drilling the hard soil layer, and the torque at this time can be 200 kn / m. After completion of drilling, lift it at a rotational speed of 30 revolutions per minute and a sinking speed of 10 m per minute to form surface threads on the hole wall, place the steel reinforcement cage and the conduit, and then perform secondary hole cleaning and concrete pouring.

[0050] A construction method of a drill bit for rotary drilling rig construction includes the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Construction preparation; temporary water and electricity, set up the construction power line using the three-phase five-wire system, and set up night construction lighting fixtures; connect the water pipe according to the on-site water demand, and excavate the mud pit and sedimentation tank for hole cleaning operation;

[0052] Step 2: Construction machinery, adopt steel casing, GJR250 rotary drilling pile foundation, two sets of drill bit body 5 and supporting tungsten carbide cutter head 3;

[0053] Step 3: Construction technical preparation; the rotary drilling pile of the present invention has a hole diameter of 1.5 m, and the construction worker needs to measure and set out the pile position;

[0054] Step 4: Construction for improving the bite force between the pile body and the soil; casing embedding, set up a steel casing before construction, customize it through a steel mold factory, and make it with an 8-mm steel plate; the pile foundation casing adopts a 2-m long steel casing; the upper mouth of the casing should be tied with wooden squares and symmetrically lifted tightly to prevent it from slipping down;

[0055] Step 5: Put the pile driver in place; when the pile driver is in place, check in advance whether the performance of the pile driver is good; ensure that the pile driver works normally; accurately determine the position of the pile driver through the measured pile position to ensure the stability of the pile driver;

[0056] Step 6: Drilling holes; When the rotary pile driver is drilling, ensure the stability of the pile driver and the verticality of the drill rod, and use a spiral drill bit to drill into silty soil and silty clay;

[0057] Step 7: Drilling into the rock; after reaching the surface of the hard soil layer, replace the drill bit with a high-strength alloy steel barrel drill bit; after the replacement, sink from top to bottom at a speed of 30 revolutions per minute and a speed of 10 meters per minute to the hard soil layer, and then start drilling into the hard soil. At this time, the torque is 200kn / m; after drilling is completed, increase the speed at 30 revolutions per minute and a speed of 10 meters per minute;

[0058] Step 8: Hole formation and sediment monitoring; After the hole reaches the designed elevation, monitor the hole depth, hole diameter, hole wall verticality, and sediment thickness. Prepare the detection tools and measuring ropes before monitoring; for sediment detection, place the instrument and record the length of the measuring rope on the detection circular plate; then use the steel wire measuring rope to put down the inspection and control steel bar and record the length of the inspection hole steel bar plus the measuring rope; the difference between the lengths is the sediment thickness;

[0059] Step 9: Placement of steel cage and conduit; The steel cage is hoisted and placed by a crane on site, and the verticality of the steel bars is ensured. When placing the steel cage, avoid collision between the steel cage and the hole wall, and collapse the hole. The conduit should also be placed vertically and gently, and the number of nodes below should be recorded. The hole depth can be checked by recording the number of nodes.

[0060] Step 10: Pour underwater concrete; there is water in the pile hole, so the grade should be increased by 1 level when pouring concrete. When using the conduit pouring method to pour underwater concrete, ensure that the conduit mouth enters the concrete about 2m, and the concrete rising speed is not less than 2m / h, and it rises slowly as the concrete is poured.

[0061] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention; therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0062] Although the following terms are used more frequently in this text: steel plate fixture 1, cutter head 3, reinforcement plate 4, drill bit body 5, blade 6, base 7, etc., the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is only for more convenient description and explanation of the essence of the present invention; any interpretation of them as an additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for the drill bit of a rotary drilling rig, characterized in that: The drill bit comprises a drill bit body (5), the side wall of the drill bit body (5) is symmetrically provided with a plurality of blades (6) for cutting the pile hole wall; a plurality of bases (7) are provided at the bottom edge of the drill bit body (5), and a cutter head (3) is detachably connected to the base (7); four groups of blades (6) are provided, and are equidistantly arranged on the side wall of the drill bit body (5); a steel plate fixing part (1) is fixedly provided at the center of the top of the drill bit body (5), and a plurality of reinforcing plates (4) are fixedly provided at the connection between the steel plate fixing part (1) and the drill bit body (5); four reinforcing plates (4) are provided, and are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the top of the drill bit body (5); a 1.5 cm high-strength alloy steel plate fixing part (1) is welded to the center of the high-strength alloy steel cylindrical drill bit body (5), and then the 1.5 cm high-strength alloy reinforcing plates (4) are welded to the cylindrical drill bit at four diagonal positions of the 1.5 cm high-strength alloy steel plate fixing part (1), and a 5 cm diameter tungsten steel base (7) is fixedly provided. The high-strength alloy steel cylindrical drill bit body (5) is welded by silver welding. After the welding is completed, the 5 cm diameter tungsten steel cutter head (3) and the 5 cm diameter tungsten steel base (7) are screwed together. The construction method includes the following steps: Step 1: Construction preparation; temporary water and electricity, use three-phase five-wire system to set up construction power lines, set up nighttime construction lighting fixtures; connect water pipes according to the water demand on site, and excavate mud pools and sedimentation tanks for hole cleaning operations; Step 2: Construction machinery, using steel casing, GJR250 rotary pile foundation, two sets of drill bit body (5) and matching tungsten steel cutter head (3); Step 3: Construction technology preparation; the diameter of the rotary pile is 1.5m, and the construction workers need to measure and stake out the pile position; Step 4: Improve the bite force between the pile body and the soil; bury the casing. Set up the steel casing before construction. It is customized by the steel mold factory and made of 8mm steel plate. The pile foundation casing uses a 2m long steel casing. The upper end of the casing should be tied with wooden planks and hung symmetrically to prevent it from sliding down. Step 5: Put the pile driver in place; when the pile driver is in place, check in advance whether the performance of the pile driver is good; ensure that the pile driver works normally; accurately determine the position of the pile driver through the measured pile position to ensure the stability of the pile driver; Step 6: Drilling holes; When the rotary pile driver is drilling, ensure the stability of the pile driver and the verticality of the drill rod, and use a spiral drill bit to drill into silty soil and silty clay; Step 7: Drilling into the rock; after reaching the surface of the hard soil layer, replace the drill bit with a high-strength alloy steel barrel drill bit; after the replacement, sink from top to bottom at a speed of 30 revolutions per minute and a speed of 10 meters per minute to the hard soil layer, and then start drilling into the hard soil. At this time, the torque is 200kn / m; after drilling is completed, increase the speed at 30 revolutions per minute and a speed of 10 meters per minute; Step 8: Borehole formation and sediment monitoring; after the borehole reaches the designed elevation, monitor the borehole depth, diameter, verticality of the borehole wall, and sediment thickness, and prepare the detection tools before monitoring; for the detection of sediment, place the instrument and record the length of the measuring rope on the detection round plate; then lower the inspection hole steel bar with a steel wire measuring rope and record the length of the inspection hole steel bar plus the measuring rope; the difference between the lengths is the sediment thickness. Step 9: Placement of steel cage and conduit; lift the on-site steel cage with a crane and ensure the verticality of the steel bars at the same time. When placing the steel cage, avoid the steel cage colliding with the borehole wall and causing collapse of the borehole, and slowly lower it; the conduit should also be lowered vertically and gently, and record the number of segments lowered at the same time, and review the borehole depth by recording the number of segments. Step 10: Pour underwater concrete; since there is water in the pile hole, the grade of the concrete should be increased by one level when pouring the concrete. When using the conduit pouring method to pour underwater concrete, ensure that the conduit mouth enters the concrete by about 2m, and the rising speed of the concrete is not less than 2m / h, and slowly lift it as the concrete is poured.

2. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple bases (7) are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged in a ring on the drill bit body (5).

3. The construction method according to claim 2, wherein: The drill bit body (5) is fixedly connected to the base (7) and integrally formed.

4. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the blade (6) is 1 / 4 of the outer diameter of the drill bit body (5).

5. The construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter head (3) has a conical structure.

6. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein: A spiral thread head is provided at the lower part of the base (7), and the cutter head (3) is matched with the spiral thread head of the base (7), and the cutter head (3) is rotated and fixed to the spiral thread head.

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