Method and device for determining characteristics of river bed load transport, electronic equipment and computer readable medium

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application disclose a river bed load transport characteristic determination method and device, electronic equipment and a computer readable medium, relating to the field of engineering technology. The method performs fast Fourier transform on the sound pressure signals of the microphone array to obtain a sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain; based on the sound pressure matrix, cross-spectrum operation is performed to obtain a cross-spectrum matrix; based on each scanning grid point j on the surface of the monitoring sensor plate as an imaginary sound source point, a sound propagation model is selected according to the aerodynamics theory to determine the sound signal monitored by any microphone; each grid point is scanned, the auto-spectrum of the simulated sound signal is calculated, and the sound source holographic image of the bed load shock wave is determined; the sound source intensity is simulated, the bed load spatial position is obtained, and the bed load particle size component information is obtained through the calibration function relationship. That is, in the present application, the bed load spatial position and the bed load particle size component information are obtained, this method can accurately determine the transport characteristics of the bed load, and becomes an important support for quantifying the disaster prevention and reduction work of mountainous rivers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of engineering technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, electronic device and computer-readable medium for determining river bedload transport characteristics. Background Technology

[0002] Under the combined influence of global warming, extreme weather events, strong earthquakes in mountainous areas, and engineering activities, natural disasters such as landslides, mudslides, and debris flows are frequent in the mountainous areas of southwestern my country, leading to a significant increase in bedload transport in mountain rivers. Bedload transport plays a controlling role in the evolution of mountain river channels and poses significant safety hazards to existing or planned water conservancy projects in these areas, ultimately impacting the energy structure, ecological environment, and economic development of western mountainous regions of my country. Accurate monitoring and identification of bedload in mountain rivers can serve as a crucial support for quantifying disaster prevention and mitigation efforts in these areas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure is provided to briefly introduce the concepts, which will be described in detail in the subsequent Detailed Description section. This disclosure is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0004] This disclosure provides a method for determining the transport characteristics of bedload in rivers, which can accurately determine the transport characteristics of bedload and become an important support for quantifying disaster prevention and mitigation work in mountainous rivers.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for determining the characteristics of river bedload transport. The method includes: performing a fast Fourier transform on the sound pressure signal of a microphone array to obtain a sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain; performing cross-spectral calculations based on the sound pressure matrix to obtain a cross-spectral matrix; using each scanning grid point j on the surface of a monitoring sensor plate as a hypothetical sound source point, selecting a sound propagation model according to aerodynamic theory, and determining the sound signal monitored by any microphone; scanning each grid point, calculating the autospectral of the simulated sound signal, and determining the sound source holographic image of the bedload shock wave; simulating the sound source intensity to obtain the spatial location of the bedload, and obtaining the bedload particle size composition information by calibrating the functional relationship.

[0006] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of performing a fast Fourier transform on the sound pressure signal of the microphone array to obtain the sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain specifically involves:

[0007] p = [p1(f),...,p m (f),...,p N (f)] T

[0008] Where p is the sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain, and T is the transpose of the matrix.

[0009] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of performing cross-spectral operations based on the sound pressure matrix to obtain the cross-spectral matrix specifically involves:

[0010]

[0011] Where * represents complex conjugate, and C is the cross-spectral matrix.

[0012] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, based on each scanning grid point j on the surface of the monitoring sensor plate as a hypothetical sound source point, a sound propagation model is selected according to aerodynamic theory to determine the sound signal monitored by any microphone, specifically:

[0013]

[0014] Where g is the propagation model vector; g j,m The component of g represents the intensity of the acoustic signal received by microphone m, calculated from grid point j on the receiving surface of the sound source as an imaginary sound source point; x m ξ is the coordinate vector of the microphone sensing element m; j Let be the coordinate vector of the scan grid point j; i is an imaginary number.

[0015] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the step of scanning each grid point, calculating the autospectrum of the simulated acoustic signal, and determining the acoustic source holographic image of the thrust mass shock wave specifically includes:

[0016]

[0017] Where A is the sound source intensity.

[0018] In conjunction with the embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the simulated sound source intensity is used to obtain the spatial location of the bedload, and the bedload particle size composition information is obtained through calibration function relationships, specifically as follows:

[0019] D = f c (A)

[0020] D is the displacement particle size; f c This is an empirical calibration function.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a device for determining river bedload transport characteristics. The device includes: a transformation unit, which performs a fast Fourier transform on the sound pressure signal of a microphone array to obtain a sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain; a calculation unit, which performs cross-spectral calculation based on the sound pressure matrix to obtain a cross-spectral matrix; a monitoring unit, which uses each scanning grid point j on the surface of a monitoring sensor plate as a hypothetical sound source point, selects a sound propagation model according to aerodynamic theory, and determines the sound signal monitored by any microphone; a determination unit, which scans each grid point, calculates the autospectral of the simulated sound signal, and determines the sound source holographic image of the bedload shock wave; and a simulation unit, which simulates the sound source intensity, obtains the spatial location of the bedload, and obtains the bedload particle size composition information by calibrating the functional relationship.

[0022] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device, including: one or more processors; and a storage device for storing one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method for determining river sediment transport characteristics as described in the first aspect.

[0023] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for determining river sediment transport characteristics as described in the first aspect.

[0024] The method for determining the transport characteristics of bedload in rivers provided in this disclosure firstly performs a fast Fourier transform on the sound pressure signal of a microphone array to obtain a sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain; then, based on the sound pressure matrix, a cross-spectral operation is performed to obtain a cross-spectral matrix; next, based on each scanning grid point j on the surface of the monitoring sensor plate as a hypothetical sound source point, a sound propagation model is selected according to aerodynamic theory to determine the sound signal monitored by any microphone; then, each grid point is scanned, and the autospectral of the simulated sound signal is calculated to determine the holographic image of the sound source of the bedload shock wave; finally, the sound source intensity is simulated to obtain the spatial location of the bedload, and the particle size composition information of the bedload is obtained by calibrating the functional relationship. That is, this application obtains the spatial location and particle size composition information of the bedload, and this method can accurately determine the transport characteristics of bedload, becoming an important support for quantifying disaster prevention and mitigation work in mountainous rivers. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and the originals and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mountain river bedload monitoring and identification device based on a microphone array according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is an enlarged structural diagram of part A of the microphone array-based mountain river sedimentation monitoring and identification device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view of the microphone sensing element array of the mountain river bedload monitoring and identification device based on a microphone array according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is the sensor plate coordinate grid of the microphone array-based mountain river bedload monitoring and identification device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for determining the characteristics of river sediment transport disclosed herein.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Bottom support, 2. Sensor housing, 3. Microphone sensor element, 4. Data transmission line, 5. Conduit, 6. Bracket, 7. Internal rubber buffer layer, 8. Sensor plate, 9. Bolt, 10. External rubber buffer layer, 11. Concrete buffer layer, 12. Airtight cylinder, 13. Coordinate grid, 14. Gasket, 15. Nut, 16. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of this disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of this disclosure. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0034] It should be understood that the steps described in the method embodiments of this disclosure may be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. Furthermore, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of this disclosure is not limited in this respect.

[0035] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended inclusions, meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the description below.

[0036] It should be noted that the concepts of "first" and "second" mentioned in this disclosure are used only to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules or units or their interdependencies.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0038] The names of messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in the embodiments of this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of such messages or information.

[0039] A microphone array monitoring device is used to monitor in real time the pressure shock waves generated by the impact of bedload on the sensor plate during its movement. The device outputs and collects these shock waves as electrical signals and performs comprehensive inversion calculations on the monitoring signals. This monitoring method enables precise determination of the spatial location and particle size composition of bedload during river transport. The monitoring sensor device is stable and provides a high-precision, continuous, and reliable data source.

[0040] Please see Figure 1-4 This invention provides a microphone array monitoring device, comprising a bottom support 1, a sensor housing 2, an outer rubber buffer layer 10, and a concrete buffer layer 11. An airtight cylinder 12 is installed inside the sensor housing 2. A microphone sensing element 3 is installed at the bottom of the sensor housing 2. The microphone sensing element 3 is connected to a data transmission line 4 to capture and transmit barometric pressure shock wave signals. The data transmission line 4 is connected to a conduit 5 in the sensor housing 2. An internal rubber buffer pad 7 is supported in the middle of the sensor housing 2 by a bracket 6. The vertical surface of the bracket 6 is welded to the inside of the sensor housing 2. The wall has a metal sensor plate 8 placed on the upper part of the internal rubber buffer pad 7. Bolts 9 are installed on the metal sensor plate 8. The lower part of the bolts 9 is connected to the bracket 6 and passes through the rubber buffer pad 7 and the metal sensor plate 8. The bolts 9 are pre-tightened by nuts 15 and stress concentration is reduced by washers 14. Coordinate grids 13 are engraved on the metal sensor plate 8. A rubber buffer pad 10 is installed on the outside of the sensor box 2. Concrete 11 is poured on the outside of the rubber buffer pad 10. The sensor plate 8 and the top of the sensor box 2 are sealed with sealing rings 16.

[0041] Specifically, the microphone sensing elements 3 are mounted in an array on the bottom plate of the sealed cylinder 12, and the spacing between the microphone sensing elements 3 is no more than 170mm.

[0042] Specifically, the sensor housing 2 is made of high-strength low-carbon steel with a tensile strength of not less than 235MPa, a housing thickness of 10mm, and is airtight and watertight.

[0043] Specifically, the bolt 9 passes through the metal sensing plate 8, the rubber buffer pad 7, and the bracket 6, and the bolt 9 is preloaded with a force of not less than 25 N m.

[0044] Specifically, bracket 6 is made of equilateral angle steel with a side length of not less than 45mm, a thickness of not less than 5mm, and a cross-sectional area of ​​not less than 4.3cm2.

[0045] Specifically, the airtight cylinder 12 has a thickness of not less than 2mm, and a vacuum is drawn between the outer wall of the airtight cylinder 12 and the inner wall of the sensing box 2 to isolate the influence of environmental noise.

[0046] Specifically, the internal rubber buffer layer 7 is bonded to the metal sensing plate 8 to reduce the impact stress of the propelled mass on the inside of the sensing box 2.

[0047] Specifically, the external rubber buffer layer 10 wraps around the sensor housing 2 to isolate it from environmental noise.

[0048] Specifically, the top of the sensing plate 8 and the sensing housing 2 are sealed with a sealing ring 16 to prevent ambient water from entering the sensing housing and corroding the sensing elements.

[0049] Working Principle: The microphone array monitoring device provided by this invention involves placing the sensor housing 2 in the riverbed area to be monitored. The metal sensor plate 8 is flush with the riverbed surface and tightly wrapped around its perimeter (except for the top and bottom) by an external rubber buffer layer 10. An airtight cylinder 12 is installed inside the sensor housing 2 to stably transmit shock wave pressure. Microphone sensing elements 3 are installed at the bottom of the sensor housing 2, arranged in an array to record the sound pressure shock wave formed by the impact of bedload from all directions. A bracket 6 is welded to the sensor housing 2 and connected to the metal sensor plate 8 and the internal rubber buffer layer 7 with bolts 9, which provides stable support and buffering effect, reducing damage to the inside of the sensor housing 2. In addition, a coordinate grid 13 is engraved on the top surface of the metal sensor plate 8 to calibrate the monitoring accuracy and simulate the sound source intensity distribution. This device can achieve long-term, continuous, and high-precision monitoring and identification of bedload in mountainous rivers, and its cost is controllable, making it suitable for widespread use.

[0050] Based on the aforementioned microphone array-based bedload monitoring and identification device, multiple microphone sensors are arranged at a certain interval at the bottom of the sensing box to convert the acoustic signal of the microphone array into the sound source intensity distribution on the sensing plane, thereby achieving the purpose of monitoring and identifying bedload characteristic parameters. To this end, this invention provides a method for determining river bedload transport characteristics. First, the sound pressure signal s obtained from the microphone array monitoring is subjected to a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to obtain the sound pressure matrix p in the frequency domain, as shown in equation (1); then, cross-spectral calculation is performed to obtain the cross-spectral matrix C, as shown in equation (2); simultaneously, each scanning grid point j on the upper surface of the sensing plate is used as a hypothetical sound source point, and a sound propagation model g is selected based on aerodynamic theory to calculate the acoustic signal g detected by any microphone m. j,m See Equation (3); by scanning each grid point on the sensor plate, the autospectrum of the simulated acoustic signal is calculated, as shown in Equation (4), and finally the holographic image of the sound source of the thrust mass shock wave is obtained.

[0051] p = [p1(f),...,p m (f),...,p N (f)] T (1)

[0052]

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, p is the sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain; T is the transpose of the matrix; (·)* is the complex conjugate; g is the propagation model vector; g j,m The component of g represents the intensity of the acoustic signal received by microphone m, calculated using grid point j on the upper surface of the sensing plate as the hypothetical sound source point; x m ξ is the coordinate vector of the microphone sensing element m; j is the coordinate vector of the scan grid point j; i is an imaginary number; A is the sound source intensity.

[0056] The spatial location of the bedload can be obtained by simulating the sound source intensity; the particle size composition information of the bedload can be obtained by calibrating the functional relationship, as shown in equation (5).

[0057] D = f c (A) (5)

[0058] In the formula, D is the displacement particle size; f c This is an empirical calibration function.

[0059] The microphone array-based monitoring and identification device for bedload transport in mountainous rivers boasts advantages such as high enclosure strength, stable performance, and isolation from environmental noise interference. By fixing the microphone sensor array to the base plate of the sensing enclosure, the monitored sound pressure levels can be used to infer characteristics such as the impact location and size of the bedload. The microphone sensor array employs a uniform arrangement, facilitating assembly and concentrating the sound source for improved monitoring accuracy. This monitoring and sensing device allows for modular assembly and cost control, making it suitable for monitoring flash floods and bedload transport in complex mountainous conditions.

[0060] This invention provides a method for determining the transport characteristics of bedload in rivers. First, a fast Fourier transform is performed on the sound pressure signal from a microphone array to obtain a sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain. Then, based on the sound pressure matrix, a cross-spectral operation is performed to obtain a cross-spectral matrix. Next, each scanning grid point j on the surface of the monitoring sensor plate is used as a hypothetical sound source point. A sound propagation model is selected based on aerodynamic theory to determine the sound signal detected by any microphone. Then, each grid point is scanned, and the autospectral of the simulated sound signal is calculated to determine the holographic image of the bedload shock wave. Finally, the sound source intensity is simulated to obtain the spatial location of the bedload, and the particle size composition information of the bedload is obtained through calibration function relationships. In other words, this application obtains the spatial location and particle size composition information of the bedload. This method can accurately determine the transport characteristics of bedload, becoming an important support for quantifying disaster prevention and mitigation work in mountainous rivers.

[0061] Further reference Figure 5 As an implementation of the methods shown in the above figures, this disclosure provides a device for determining river bedload transport characteristics. The embodiments of this device are similar to... Figure 1 Corresponding to the method embodiments shown, this device can be specifically applied to various electronic devices.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the river bedload transport characteristic determination device of this embodiment includes: a transformation unit 501, which performs a fast Fourier transform on the sound pressure signal of the microphone array to obtain a sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain; a calculation unit, which performs cross-spectral calculation based on the sound pressure matrix to obtain a cross-spectral matrix; a monitoring unit, which uses each scanning grid point j on the surface of the monitoring sensor plate as a hypothetical sound source point, selects a sound propagation model according to aerodynamic theory, and determines the sound signal monitored by any microphone; a determination unit, which scans each grid point, calculates the autospectral of the simulated sound signal, and determines the sound source holographic image of the bedload shock wave; and a simulation unit, which simulates the sound source intensity, obtains the spatial location of the bedload, and obtains the bedload particle size composition information by calibrating the functional relationship.

[0063] In some optional embodiments, the above-mentioned river bedload transport characteristic determination device further includes the above-mentioned microphone array monitoring device, which is used to acquire data.

[0064] The following is for reference. Figure 6 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic of an electronic device suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The electronic devices in the embodiments of the present disclosure may include, but are not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptops, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (personal digital assistants), PADs (tablet computers), PMPs (portable multimedia players), in-vehicle terminals (e.g., in-vehicle navigation terminals), and fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers. Figure 6 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0065] like Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device may include a processing unit (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.) 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 602 or a program loaded from a storage device 608 into a random access memory (RAM) 603. The RAM 603 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 600. The processing unit 601, ROM 602, and RAM 603 are interconnected via a bus 604. An input / output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604.

[0066] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 605: input devices 606 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 607 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices 608 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 609. Communication device 609 allows electronic devices to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 6 Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown. More or fewer devices may be implemented or have alternatively.

[0067] In particular, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of this disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device 609, or installed from a storage device 608, or installed from a ROM 602. When the computer program is executed by the processing device 601, it performs the functions defined in the methods of embodiments of this disclosure.

[0068] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium of this disclosure may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this disclosure, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer-readable signal medium can be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical fibers, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0069] In some implementations, clients and servers can communicate using any currently known or future-developed network protocol such as HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and can interconnect with digital data communication (e.g., communication networks) of any form or medium. Examples of communication networks include local area networks (“LANs”), wide area networks (“WANs”), the Internet (e.g., the Internet of Things), and peer-to-peer networks (e.g., ad hoc peer-to-peer networks), as well as any currently known or future-developed networks.

[0070] The aforementioned computer-readable medium may be included in the aforementioned electronic device; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the electronic device.

[0071] Computer program code for performing the operations of this disclosure can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including but not limited to object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0072] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0073] The units described in the embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the units are not, in some cases, intended to limit the specific unit.

[0074] The functions described above in this document can be performed, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components. For example, exemplary types of hardware logic components that can be used, without limitation, include: Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Application Standard Products (ASSPs), System-on-Chip (SoCs), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), and so on.

[0075] In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of this disclosure is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features disclosed in this disclosure that have similar functions.

[0077] Furthermore, while the operations are described in a specific order, this should not be construed as requiring these operations to be performed in the specific order shown or in a sequential order. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, while several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments.

[0078] Although the subject matter has been described using language specific to structural features and / or methodological logic, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are merely illustrative examples of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the characteristics of river bedload transport, characterized in that, This is implemented using a microphone array monitoring device, which includes a bottom support, a sensor housing, an outer rubber buffer layer, and a concrete buffer layer. An airtight cylinder is installed inside the sensor housing. A microphone sensing element is installed at the bottom of the sensor housing and connected to a data transmission line to capture and transmit barometric pressure shock wave signals. The data transmission line is connected to a conduit within the sensor housing. An internal rubber buffer layer is supported by a bracket in the middle of the sensor housing. The vertical surface of the bracket is welded to the inner wall of the sensor housing. A metal sensing plate is placed on top of the internal rubber buffer layer. Bolts are installed on the metal sensing plate, with their lower parts connected to the bracket and penetrating both the internal rubber buffer layer and the metal sensing plate. The bolts are preloaded with nuts and stress concentration is reduced with washers. A coordinate grid is etched on the metal sensing plate. An external rubber buffer layer is installed on the outside of the sensing housing, and a concrete buffer layer is poured outside the external rubber buffer layer. The metal sensing plate and the top of the sensing housing are sealed with a sealing ring. The microphone sensing elements are mounted in an array on a sealed cylindrical base plate. In use, the sensing housing is placed in the riverbed area to be monitored, the metal sensing plate is flush with the riverbed surface, and the external rubber buffer layer tightly wraps around it except for the top and bottom. The microphone array monitoring device is used to monitor in real time the air pressure shock waves generated by the impact of bedload movement with the metal sensing plate, outputting and collecting them in the form of electrical signals. The method includes: The sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain is obtained by performing a fast Fourier transform on the sound pressure signal of the air pressure shock wave detected by the microphone array. Based on the sound pressure matrix, cross-spectral operations are performed to obtain the cross-spectral matrix; Based on each scanning grid point j on the surface of the metal sensing plate as a hypothetical sound source point, the sound propagation model is selected according to aerodynamic theory to determine the sound signal monitored by any microphone. Scan each grid point, calculate the autospectrum of the simulated acoustic signal, and determine the holographic image of the sound source of the bedmass shock wave; By simulating the intensity of the sound source, the spatial location of the bedload is obtained, and the particle size composition information of the bedload is obtained by calibrating the functional relationship.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain is obtained by performing a fast Fourier transform on the sound pressure signal of the air pressure shock wave detected by the microphone array. p=[p1(f),...,p m (f),...,p N (f)] T Where p is the sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain, and T is the transpose of the matrix.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-spectral operation based on the sound pressure matrix yields the cross-spectral matrix, specifically as follows: , where * represents complex conjugate and C is the cross-spectral matrix.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on each scanning grid point j on the surface of the metal sensing plate as a hypothetical sound source point, and according to aerodynamic theory, a sound propagation model is selected to determine the sound signal detected by any microphone, specifically: Where g is the propagation model vector; g j,m The component of g represents the intensity of the acoustic signal received by microphone m, calculated from grid point j on the receiving surface of the sound source as an imaginary sound source point; x m ξ is the coordinate vector of the microphone sensing element m; j Let be the coordinate vector of the scan grid point j; i is an imaginary number.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of scanning each grid point, calculating the autospectrum of the simulated acoustic signal, and determining the holographic image of the sound source of the bedmass shock wave specifically includes: , where A is the sound source intensity.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The simulated sound source intensity is used to obtain the spatial location of the bedload, and the bedload particle size composition information is obtained by calibrating the functional relationship. Specifically, D=f c (A) D is the displacement particle size; f c This is an empirical calibration function.

7. A device for determining river bedload transport characteristics, implemented based on the method for determining river bedload transport characteristics according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The determining device includes: The transformation unit is used to perform a fast Fourier transform on the sound pressure signal of the air pressure shock wave detected by the microphone array to obtain the sound pressure matrix in the frequency domain. The computation unit is used to perform cross-spectral operations based on the sound pressure matrix to obtain the cross-spectral matrix; The monitoring unit uses each scanning grid point j on the surface of the metal sensing plate as a hypothetical sound source point, selects a sound propagation model based on aerodynamic theory, and determines the sound signal monitored by any microphone. The determining unit is used to scan each grid point, calculate the autospectrum of the simulated acoustic signal, and determine the acoustic source holographic image of the transport mass shock wave; The simulation unit is used to simulate the intensity of the sound source, obtain the spatial location of the bedload, and obtain the particle size composition information of the bedload by calibrating the functional relationship.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; Storage device for storing one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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