A congestion surplus distribution method, device and system based on a power transmission right market

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of electric power, and particularly relates to a congestion surplus distribution method, device and system based on a power transmission right market, comprising the following steps: obtaining a power flow snapshot of system stability power in a medium and long term market safety check of a market operation agency in a preset time period, and obtaining a power grid operation condition predicted by the market operation agency according to a dispatch mode to obtain a section closest to congestion; converting the power flow snapshot into physical power transmission rights given by the power grid according to a preset rule; performing difference calculation on the capacity upper limit of the congestion section and the physical power transmission rights given by the power grid to obtain a residual power transmission channel capacity of the congestion section after the physical power transmission rights are met; and inputting the residual power transmission channel capacity into an auction model for centralized clearing. The technical scheme provided in the application realizes reasonable distribution of congestion surplus according to an actual power grid model and power flow.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of electric power, and particularly relates to a congestion surplus distribution method, device and system based on a power transmission right market. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the deepening of electric power market reform and the continuous expansion of the scale of the electric power system, the congestion problem of the power grid is increasingly significant. One of the methods to solve the congestion problem is to adopt the node price settlement of the power consumption side, and the power consumption side pays the congestion price of the node price, so as to encourage the congestion area to reduce power consumption, and the settlement mode of the power consumption side of the non-congestion area is more reasonable. The adoption of the node price settlement of the power consumption side will generate congestion surplus, and seriously affect the on-grid price, causing large fluctuations in the price of the power grid, so the concept of power transmission right needs to be introduced, and the power transmission right is traded by auction to solve the problem.

[0003] Under the environment of the electric power market, the power grid operator must open the power transmission network to all users without discrimination. The introduction of tradable power transmission right separates the power transaction in the forward market from the real-time operation of the power system, so that it can be traded according to the rules of market competition. With the development of power grid interconnection, the power exchange between regions increases, and the congestion problem of the interconnection line between regions is increasingly significant. The use of market mechanism and the introduction of tradable power transmission right have become one of the methods to solve the congestion problem of the power grid. The current research generally considers that the power transmission right can be divided into two categories: financial power transmission right and physical power transmission right. The financial power transmission right is an option contract based on the real-time price theory, which is used to ensure the right of the contract holder to sell power in a given area. It does not need to control the actual power transmission channel, but only relies on financial means to obtain the congestion fee and effectively control the power transmission capacity in the market. The physical power transmission right actually defines and allocates the right to use the power transmission capacity of the power transmission port. Regardless of the congestion degree of the network, market members can control the buying and selling of power transmission rights according to their own will.

[0004] Under the planned system and the market system, all users have the physical power consumption right, and their power demand is guaranteed to be met in the form of use-determining-supply. Under the planned system, the power grid company gives the power plant the right to plan power generation, i.e. the physical power generation right, according to the annual and monthly plan. After entering the electric power market environment, the power plant participating in the market no longer has the power generation right given by the plan, but obtains the power generation right through market competition.

[0005] In a complete electric power system, in addition to the power generation side and the power consumption side, there is also a power transmission network. At the same time that the power generation side has the power generation right and the power consumption side has the power consumption right, the use of the power transmission capacity also needs to be given and allocated to the power transmission right.

[0006] In the spot market, the blocked allocation of node price settlement (the use of electricity side uses its own node price settlement) causes the imbalance of congestion surplus. A mechanism similar to financial transmission rights needs to be designed to reasonably allocate the congestion surplus.

[0007] If node price settlement is not used, the use of electricity side cannot be effectively allocated. The existing settlement method uses a unified price on the generation side, and the calculation method is the weighted average price of the generation side.

[0008] If node price settlement is used, it will cause the imbalance of congestion surplus. The generation side, the electricity side, or the transmission network main body will be allocated, but none of them is the most fair solution, because the method is according to the electricity consumption, and it is not allocated according to the actual power grid physical flow and the rights of holding transmission rights.

[0009] Based on the above, how to reasonably allocate the congestion surplus of the transmission right market is a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0010] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defect that the allocation of congestion surplus in the transmission right market is unreasonable in the prior art, and to provide a congestion surplus allocation method, device and system based on the transmission right market.

[0011] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0012] In a first aspect, the present application provides a congestion surplus allocation method based on the transmission right market, comprising:

[0013] Obtain the power flow snapshot of the system stability power of the market operator in the medium and long-term market safety check in the preset time period, and obtain the power grid operation condition predicted by the market operator according to the dispatch mode, obtain the congestion section, and / or, the section closest to the congestion;

[0014] Convert the power flow snapshot into the physical transmission right given by the power grid according to the preset rule;

[0015] Difference calculation is performed on the capacity upper limit of the congestion section, and / or, the capacity upper limit of the section closest to the congestion and the physical transmission right given by the power grid, to obtain the transmission channel capacity remaining after the congestion section meets the physical transmission right, and / or, the transmission channel capacity remaining after the section closest to the congestion meets the physical transmission right;

[0016] The transmission channel capacity remaining after the congestion section meets the physical transmission right, and / or, the transmission channel capacity remaining after the section closest to the congestion meets the physical transmission right is input into the auction model to clear the channel capacity.

[0017] Further, the remaining transmission channel capacity of the blocked section after satisfying the physical transmission right is input into the auction model for centralized clearing channel capacity, including:

[0018] According to the input of the remaining transmission channel capacity into the auction model for power clearing, a security-constrained optimization module is constructed, and the objective function is:

[0019]

[0020] Wherein, k represents the blocked section of the auction link; i represents each financial transmission right bid of the section;

[0021] C i,k is the winning financial transmission right capacity; P i,k is the bid price.

[0022] Further, the objective function includes a section crossing line constraint, which cannot cause any section to cross the line when all cleared financial transmission right capacities are cleared at the same time;

[0023] That is, for each section:

[0024]

[0025] λ i is the flow sensitivity factor of the sink and source node of the financial transmission right to the section;

[0026] C max is the upper limit of the remaining capacity of the section.

[0027] Further, it also includes:

[0028] In a second aspect, the application provides a congestion surplus allocation device based on a transmission right market, including:

[0029] An acquisition module is configured to acquire a power flow snapshot of system stability power of market operation agencies in a medium and long-term market safety check, and acquire a power grid operation condition predicted by the market operation agencies according to a dispatch mode, to obtain a blocked section and / or a section closest to congestion;

[0030] A conversion module is configured to convert the power flow snapshot into physical transmission rights given by the power grid according to a preset rule;

[0031] The computing module is configured to subtract the capacity upper limit of the blocked section and / or the capacity upper limit of the section closest to the block from the physical power transmission right given by the power grid to obtain the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical power transmission right is met by the blocked section and / or the section closest to the block.

[0032] The clearing module is configured to input the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical power transmission right is met by the blocked section and / or the section closest to the block into an auction model to clear the channel capacity.

[0033] In a third aspect, the present application provides a congestion surplus allocation system based on a power transmission right market, comprising a processor and a memory, the processor is configured to implement instructions, and the memory is configured to store a plurality of instructions, the instructions are configured to be loaded and executed by the processor to implement the congestion allocation method based on the power transmission right market in any one of the first aspect.

[0034] The present application has the following advantages:

[0035] The present application provides a congestion surplus allocation method based on a power transmission right market, comprising: obtaining a power flow snapshot of system stable power in a market operation agency in a medium and long term market safety check in a preset time period, and obtaining a power grid operation condition predicted by the market operation agency according to a dispatch mode to obtain a blocked section and / or a section closest to the block; converting the power flow snapshot into a physical power transmission right given by the power grid according to a preset rule; subtracting the capacity upper limit of the blocked section and / or the capacity upper limit of the section closest to the block from the physical power transmission right given by the power grid to obtain the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical power transmission right is met by the blocked section and / or the section closest to the block; and inputting the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical power transmission right is met by the blocked section and / or the section closest to the block into an auction model to clear the channel capacity. The technical solution provided by the present application realizes reasonable allocation of congestion surplus according to an actual power grid model and power flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a step flow chart of a congestion surplus allocation method based on a power transmission right market of the present application.

[0037] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a congestion surplus allocation device based on a power transmission right market of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] With reference to the accompanying drawings, specific embodiments of a congestion surplus distribution method, device and system based on a power transmission right market provided by the present application are described in further detail below. The congestion surplus distribution method, device and system based on a power transmission right market provided by the present application are not limited to the description of the following embodiments.

[0039] In a node price system, the energy consumption price of each node is the energy production cost added by the node for one unit of energy consumption system. When the system is congested, the prices of the nodes at both ends of the congested power transmission channel differ greatly, and the clearing price of the energy input node is generally higher than that of the energy output node, resulting in that the total energy consumption cost of the system is higher than the total energy production cost of the system, and the difference between the two is the congestion surplus.

[0040] Firstly, the node price mechanism and the use of the node price settlement on the power consumption side are the most efficient congestion distribution methods. The financial power transmission right is the basis for the smooth implementation of the node price mechanism.

[0041] Secondly, the spot market in China is full energy clearing, but only the partial energy of the deviation between the full energy and the medium and long-term energy is the "spot energy" actually settled by the spot market price.

[0042] Moreover, when congestion occurs, it is caused by the medium and long-term traded energy and the spot energy, but according to the current settlement method in China, only the spot energy causes the congestion surplus, and the formula is as follows:

[0043] The full energy payment cost is:

[0044] Medium and long-term energy * medium and long-term price + (full energy cleared in the spot market - medium and long-term energy) * (spot market energy price + spot market congestion price)

[0045] = medium and long-term energy * medium and long-term price + (full energy cleared in the spot market - medium and long-term energy) * spot market energy price + (full energy cleared in the spot market - medium and long-term energy) * spot market congestion price

[0046] Among them, the medium and long-term price only has the energy price, but no congestion price.

[0047] Therefore, it can be seen that only (full energy cleared in the spot market - medium and long-term energy) contributes to the congestion surplus.

[0048] Therefore, when the user side node price settlement is used in China, the financial power transmission right mechanism needs to be used to reasonably distribute the congestion surplus, and the user side contributing to the congestion surplus needs to be reasonably shared and returned.

[0049] Because the medium and long-term traded energy does not contribute to the congestion surplus, the medium and long-term traded energy does not participate in the sharing and return of the congestion surplus.

[0050] Similarly, in our country under the dual-track system, the non-market electricity is used as a boundary condition when the spot market is cleared, and non-market users are given priority in supply, so non-market users are given physical transmission rights by default, ensuring that non-market generation can be transmitted to non-market users.

[0051] Therefore, according to the actual situation in our country, a hybrid transmission right mechanism needs to be designed, which is composed of physical transmission rights and financial transmission rights. Through the security check of medium and long-term trading electricity, the corresponding physical transmission rights are given by default in the monthly, and the market operator publishes the remaining capacity of the main blocking section every day according to the load forecast and power flow. The remaining transmission capacity is the upper limit of the safe and stable power of the transmission network equipment minus the physical transmission rights corresponding to the medium and long-term trading electricity. The remaining transmission capacity is in the form of auction, and the spot market electricity corresponding to the market participants obtains the financial transmission rights of the key blocking section through centralized bidding on D-3. The transaction mechanism is that (excluding the physical transmission rights of the medium and long-term), the market operator carries out clearing on D-3.

[0052] This mechanism can ensure that the medium and long-term transactions continue to play the role of physical delivery of ballast, and provide a blocking surplus allocation based on the physical properties of the power grid for the reasonable blocking allocation (node price mechanism) mechanism, and provide a tool for market participants on the electricity side to hedge against the price risk of blocking.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is an embodiment of the present application shows a kind of based on the step flow chart of the method of blocking surplus allocation of transmission right market, as Figure 1 As shown,

[0054] Including:

[0055] Step 101, obtain the power flow snapshot of the system stable power of the market operator in the medium and long-term market security check in the preset time period, and obtain the power grid operation according to the dispatch mode predicted by the market operator, obtain the blocking section, and / or, the section closest to the blocking section;

[0056] Wherein, the power flow is the steady-state distribution of voltage (each node) and power (active power, reactive power) (each branch) in the power system. The power flow snapshot refers to the steady-state power flow at a certain time.

[0057] The market operator will predict the power grid operation according to the dispatch mode, directly output which section is blocking or close to blocking, and the present application directly selects the blocking section, and / or, the section closest to the blocking section for calculation.

[0058] Step 102, convert the power flow snapshot into the physical transmission rights given by the power grid according to the preset rule;

[0059] In one embodiment, all system transmission channels occupied by the power flow can be considered as physical transmission rights. Assuming that the power flow occupies 100 MW on the A-B line and 200 MW on the A-C line, the physical transmission rights are: 100 MW on the A-B path and 200 MW on the A-C path.

[0060] Step 103, difference calculation of the capacity upper limit of the blocked section and / or the capacity upper limit of the section closest to the block and the physical transmission right given by the power grid, to obtain the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical transmission right is met by the blocked section and / or the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical transmission right is met by the section closest to the block.

[0061] In one embodiment, assuming that the A-B line is a severely blocked section, the calculation is = (the capacity upper limit of the A-B line) - (the physical transmission right of the A-B line), such as the capacity upper limit of the A-B line being 500 MW and the physical transmission right of the A-B line being 100 MW, then the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical transmission right is met by the blocked section is 500 MW - 100 MW = 400 MW.

[0062] Step 104, inputting the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical transmission right is met by the blocked section and / or the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical transmission right is met by the section closest to the block into the auction model to clear the capacity.

[0063] The market operator publishes the remaining transmission channel capacity of the main section in each period, and then the power consumption side bids for the auction of the transmission channel. After the auction is successful, the corresponding financial transmission right is obtained.

[0064] The design idea of the present application is:

[0065] The initial design simplifies the allocation and auction of transmission rights as much as possible.

[0066] The allocation of transmission rights is too complex if it is allocated according to long-term, annual, and monthly, so only monthly allocation is implemented initially.

[0067] The financial transmission right trading mechanism is designed for the deviation part of the total power of the power selling company and the medium and long-term traded power, i.e. the power participating in the spot market.

[0068] The medium and long-term traded power matched by default with the physical transmission right through safety checking. The medium and long-term trading is allowed to be switched in monthly and weekly, and the final physical transmission right is determined on D-3 after switching.

[0069] The physical financial transmission right is not subject to reduction in simultaneous feasibility test.

[0070] In the case of passing the simultaneous feasibility test, the buyer demand is met, and the buyer with a higher price is given priority. The ranking price is the declared price multiplied by the congestion sensitivity factor.

[0071] The simultaneous feasibility test means that all transmission rights are put into the same power grid system at the same time, and whether the capacity of any transmission line is over the line is tested.

[0072] The financial transmission right in the auction is an option type, not a liability type, which ensures that the financial transmission right allocated to the user side recovers the congestion surplus in the spot market.

[0073] It should be noted that transmission rights are a right to transmission capacity, which gives the owner the right to use the corresponding transmission capacity or the right to obtain economic benefits related to it. Transmission rights can be considered a property right. In general, the property right to an object includes the following powers: the right to use, the right to benefit, and the exclusive right. Among them, the right to use is the power to use the object itself; the right to benefit is the power to obtain some benefits related to the object; the exclusive right is the power to prohibit others from using the object. From the perspective of safe operation of the power grid, transmission rights do not include exclusive rights. According to the different specific forms of transmission rights, they can be divided into two categories: financial transmission rights and physical transmission rights.

[0074] Physical transmission rights: Transmission rights are defined as only containing the right to use, i.e. "use it or lose it". If you have transmission rights, you have the right to use the power grid for transmission, but if you don't use it, the holder will not receive additional compensation.

[0075] Financial transmission rights: Transmission rights are defined as the right to benefit, and the holder can use the transmission capacity or obtain benefits. Financial transmission rights give their holders the right to obtain financial benefits corresponding to the node price difference of the node-to-node price block of the transmission service. Financial transmission rights can be traded and transferred in the auction market.

[0076] Physical transmission rights give market participants the right to use the transmission network based on their use of the transmission network in bilateral transactions, but the premise of their right is that the transmission capacity can meet their needs. When the transmission capacity cannot meet the transmission rights of all market participants, the transmission rights become a scarce resource. Therefore, when the physical transmission rights are in short supply, the limited transmission resources need to be fairly allocated to market participants. Therefore, financial transmission rights have become a substitute for physical transmission rights in market economies, allowing market participants to fairly compete for scarce resources. Financial transmission rights can be allocated once and traded twice, serving as a tradable commodity.

[0077] Transmission rights are defined as the right to transmit energy between any two nodes in the grid, giving the holder the right to the financial benefit of the nodal price congestion component price differential between the delivery and injection nodes.

[0078] Financial transmission rights are market mechanisms for how congestion surplus is allocated. Financial transmission rights are mainly applicable to the node price system with more serious congestion. In the node price system, the energy consumption price of each node is the energy production cost added by the system for each unit of energy consumption. When the system is congested, the prices of the nodes at both ends of the transmission channel are greatly different, and the out-of-clearing price of the energy input node is generally higher than that of the energy output node, resulting in a total energy consumption cost higher than the total energy production cost. The difference between the two is the congestion surplus. Financial energy transmission rights are market mechanisms for how congestion surplus is allocated. In the energy internet, real-time balancing of electricity is required, and network constraints are much stricter than other energies. Therefore, energy transmission channel congestion mainly exists in electricity trading, and financial energy transmission rights, i.e. financial transmission rights, are currently only used in electricity trading with node marginal price system and zonal price system. Financial transmission rights have many different modes when implemented in different regions, but their basic ideas and mechanisms are roughly the same.

[0079] Financial transmission rights have a definite direction, i.e. the direction of the flow from node A to node B. When the flow direction specified by the financial transmission right in the spot market is congested, i.e. the price of node B is higher than that of node A, the market member holding the financial transmission right can obtain the financial transmission right income, and the total income is the difference between the two prices multiplied by the capacity of the financial transmission right it holds. The nodal price is divided into three parts: energy marginal nodal price, congestion marginal nodal price and loss marginal nodal price. In the same market, the energy marginal nodal price of any two points is the same, and the loss marginal nodal price is very close (unless the distance between the two points is very far), so the difference between the nodal prices of the two points is approximately the difference between the congestion marginal nodal prices of the two points.

[0080] Financial transmission rights provide a financial means for market members to avoid the risk of cross-zone transactions, and can effectively smooth the price deviation between nodes caused by congestion.

[0081] In summary, financial transmission rights allow market participants to offset potential losses related to the price risk of delivering energy to the grid (hedge). Financial transmission rights are a financial contract that gives the holder of the financial transmission right the right to receive an income stream based on the hourly congestion price difference on the energy path. Financial transmission rights enable market participants to achieve better price certainty when delivering energy across the grid. The value of financial transmission rights is the economic value determined by the hourly congestion price of the spot market. If the financial transmission right represents the same direction of energy flow as the congestion flow, the FTR can be used as the holder's benefit or credit.

[0082] Financial transmission right (FTR) is a financial instrument that does not give the holder the right to physically transmit power but gives the holder the corresponding congestion surplus. It has the function of locking transmission cost or guaranteeing power transmission, and even if congestion occurs in the actual operation of the power grid, the corresponding mechanism can be obtained to compensate for the loss of market participants caused by the response to the congestion of the transmission line. When congestion occurs, it will cause the marginal price difference between the injection node and the output node, and market participants who do not own financial transmission rights need to pay congestion fees, the calculation formula is:

[0083] Congestion fee = flow through branch power * (injection node marginal price-output node marginal price)

[0084] The transaction center will return this part of the congestion surplus to the holder of the financial transmission right in the final settlement.

[0085] The spot market in China is full power clearing, but only the deviation part of the full power and the medium and long-term power is the "spot power" that is actually settled at the spot market price.

[0086] And when congestion occurs, it is caused by both medium and long-term trading power and spot power, but according to the current settlement method in China, only spot power causes congestion surplus, the formula is as follows:

[0087] The full power payment fee is:

[0088] Medium and long-term power * medium and long-term power + (full power cleared in the spot market-medium and long-term power) * (spot market energy price + spot market congestion price)

[0089] = Medium and long-term power * medium and long-term power + (full power cleared in the spot market-medium and long-term power) * spot market energy price + (full power cleared in the spot market-medium and long-term power) * spot market congestion price

[0090] Among them, the medium and long-term power price only has the energy price, not the congestion price.

[0091] Therefore, it can be seen that only (full power cleared in the spot market-medium and long-term power) contributes to the congestion surplus.

[0092] Therefore, when using user-side node price settlement in China, the financial transmission right mechanism needs to be used to reasonably allocate the congestion surplus, and the user side that contributes to the congestion surplus needs to be reasonably allocated and returned.

[0093] Because the medium and long-term trading power does not contribute to the congestion surplus, the medium and long-term trading power does not participate in the allocation and return of the congestion surplus.

[0094] Similarly, in China's dual-track system, non-market electricity is used as a boundary condition when the spot market clears, and non-market users are given priority in supply, so non-market users are given physical transmission rights by default, ensuring that non-market electricity can be transmitted to non-market users.

[0095] Therefore, according to the actual situation in China, a hybrid transmission right mechanism needs to be designed, consisting of physical transmission rights and financial transmission rights. Through safety review, the medium and long-term trading electricity is given the corresponding physical transmission right by default in the monthly, and the market operator publishes the remaining capacity of the main blocking section every day according to the load forecast and power flow. The remaining transmission capacity is the upper limit of the safe and stable power of the transmission network equipment minus the physical transmission right corresponding to the medium and long-term trading electricity. The remaining transmission capacity is in the form of auction, and the spot market electricity corresponding to the market participants obtains the financial transmission right of the key blocking section through centralized bidding on D-3. The trading mechanism is that (minus the physical transmission right of the medium and long-term), the market operator clears on D-3.

[0096] When the market side uses the node price of its own node to settle the electricity participating in the spot market, according to the financial transmission right it holds, it collects the corresponding congestion surplus as income according to the node price of the spot market, and distributes the congestion surplus in the spot market:

[0097] The income of the financial transmission right holder in the spot market = (financial transmission right capacity MW) * (the node price of the end node of the financial transmission right in the spot market - the node price of the end node of the financial transmission right in the spot market)

[0098] The trading center obtains the congestion surplus in the spot market at the same time, and pays the financial transmission right holder according to the financial transmission right. The difference between the two enters the congestion surplus imbalance fund pool. At the same time, the amount of the financial transmission right auction also enters the congestion surplus imbalance fund pool. Every year, the trading center will return the remaining funds in the fund pool to the market side in proportion to the market electricity.

[0099] This mechanism can ensure that the medium and long-term trading continues to play the role of physical delivery of ballast, while providing a reasonable congestion allocation (node price mechanism) based on the physical properties of the grid. The congestion surplus allocation and provides a hedging tool for the price risk of the power side market participants.

[0100] It can be understood that the present application provides a congestion surplus distribution method based on a power transmission right market, comprising: obtaining a power flow snapshot of system stability power in a medium and long-term market safety check of a market operator in a preset time period, and obtaining a power grid operation condition predicted by the market operator according to a dispatch mode to obtain a congestion section and / or a section closest to congestion; converting the power flow snapshot into physical power transmission rights given by the power grid according to a preset rule; performing difference calculation on the capacity upper limit of the congestion section and / or the capacity upper limit of the section closest to congestion and the physical power transmission rights given by the power grid to obtain a residual power transmission channel capacity of the congestion section after satisfying the physical power transmission rights and / or a residual power transmission channel capacity of the section closest to congestion after satisfying the physical power transmission rights; and inputting the residual power transmission channel capacity of the congestion section after satisfying the physical power transmission rights and / or the residual power transmission channel capacity of the section closest to congestion after satisfying the physical power transmission rights into an auction model to clear the channel capacity. The technical solution provided by the present application realizes reasonable distribution of congestion surplus according to an actual power grid model and power flow.

[0101] As a further improvement of the above method, in one embodiment, the inputting the residual power transmission channel capacity of the congestion section after satisfying the physical power transmission rights and / or the residual power transmission channel capacity of the section closest to congestion after satisfying the physical power transmission rights into the auction model to clear the channel capacity comprises:

[0102] According to the inputting the residual power transmission channel capacity into the auction model to clear the power, a security constrained optimization module is constructed, and a target function is:

[0103]

[0104] Wherein, k represents the congestion section of the auction link; i represents each financial power transmission right bid of the section;

[0105] C i,k is the winning financial power transmission right capacity; P i,k is the bid declaration price.

[0106] In one embodiment, in order to maximize the total auction amount, the target function comprises an auctionable capacity constraint condition:

[0107] is that all cleared financial power transmission right capacities cannot cause any section to cross the line when being cleared at the same time;

[0108] That is, for each section:

[0109]

[0110] λ ia sensitivity factor of the section to the sink and source nodes of the financial transmission right;

[0111] C max an upper limit of the remaining capacity of the section.

[0112] It is noted that sensitivity analysis is a way of linearizing the power flow. In power flow, sensitivity analysis indicates how a power flow variable (power, voltage, phase angle, etc.) changes with respect to another variable (injected power, power, etc.). In power network analysis, the most commonly used power flow sensitivity factors include power transfer distribution factor (PTDF), shift factor (SF), and loss factor (LF). Generally, power flow sensitivity factors are based on a calculated power flow distribution. For example, the PTDF of branch mn for the power flow shift from node bl to node b2 is 10% (-10%). This means that if we increase the power from node bl to node b2 by 50 MW, the power flow of branch mn will increase (decrease) by 5 MW. The shift factor of branch mn for node b is 20% (-20%). This means that if we increase the injected power of node b by 10 MW, the power flow of branch mn will increase (decrease) by 2 MW.

[0113] Power transfer distribution factor (PTDF) determines the change in branch power flow when a unit of power is transferred from one node to another node in the network. When power is transferred from one node to another node in the network, this affects the power flow of every branch in the network. Because of the different unpredictable power losses caused by the power transfer depending on the location of the two nodes, a reference node (slack node) injects more power to compensate for the loss. This means that power transfer distribution factor (PTDF) depends on the selection of the reference node. However, in DC power flow, power transfer distribution factor (PTDF) does not depend on the selection of the reference node because there is no loss in DC network.

[0114] Shift factor (SF) is the power transfer distribution factor (PTDF) when one of the nodes is the reference node. Shift factor (SF) is also a sensitivity of branch power to the change in node injected power. Shift factor (SF) shows how the branch power flow changes if the power injected into a node is increased by one unit. Because the reference node always causes the change in injected power, shift factor (SF) depends on the selection of the reference node, which also applies to the DC power flow model. By definition, the shift factor at the reference node is zero.

[0115] The main application in the financial transmission right calculation is the transfer factor (SF). The transfer factor (SF) shows how the branch flow will change if the power of a node increases by one unit. From this, it can be deduced that the load power is provided by which generator set, thereby determining the sink node and source node of the financial transmission right. Therefore, the "transfer factor" is the "power flow sensitivity factor".

[0116] The calculation method of the power flow sensitivity factor of section A to section B is that section A is composed of starting point 1 and ending point 2, and the transfer factor (SF) of the two points to another section B is calculated as SF (1 node to B section) - SF (2 node to B section).

[0117] If the result is greater than 0, it is positive correlation; if the result is less than 0, it is negative correlation.

[0118] The market operating agency publishes the corresponding section and the remaining capacity (reporting quantity but not reporting price) of the financial transmission right that can be auctioned in each period, and clearly indicates the congestion direction of the section.

[0119] For the published section, the power selling company is allowed to declare the purchase of financial transmission right (reporting quantity and price) for the remaining capacity of each congestion section (set direction) in each period, and the power load node has a power flow sensitivity factor greater than 10% to the congestion section. The market subject can declare a quantity-price curve for each section, and only one capacity and price can be declared for each section in the initial stage.

[0120] After clearing, settlement is carried out:

[0121] The clearing price of each congestion section is When there is no remaining capacity in the congestion section, the declared price of the buyer as the marginal clearing is the clearing price of the section (the clearing quantity of the marginal clearing buy order is the smallest among the declared quantities of the buyer, so the buy order is the marginal clearing). Each buyer settles according to the clearing price. The market operating agency deposits the financial transmission right fee of the buyer into the congestion surplus fund pool after collecting it, thereby ensuring fairness and justice.

[0122] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a congestion surplus distribution device based on a transmission right market in an embodiment of the present application, comprising:

[0123] The acquisition module 201 is configured to acquire a power flow snapshot of system stability power in a preset time period in a medium and long-term market safety check of a market operating agency, and acquire a power grid operation condition predicted by the market operating agency according to a dispatch mode, to obtain a congestion section, and / or a section closest to congestion.

[0124] The conversion module 202 is configured to convert the power flow snapshot into physical transmission right given by the power grid according to a preset rule.

[0125] the computing module 203 is configured to subtract the capacity upper limit of the blocked section and / or the capacity upper limit of the section closest to the block from the physical power transmission right given by the power grid to obtain the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical power transmission right is met by the blocked section and / or the section closest to the block;

[0126] the power clearing module 204 is configured to input the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical power transmission right is met by the blocked section and / or the section closest to the block into an auction model to clear the concentrated channel capacity.

[0127] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the above-described congestion allocation device based on the power transmission right market can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0128] It can be understood that the congestion surplus allocation device based on the power transmission right market provided by the present application obtains the power flow snapshot of the system stability power of the market operator in the medium and long-term market safety check in a preset time period, and obtains the power grid operation condition predicted by the market operator according to the dispatch mode to obtain the blocked section and / or the section closest to the block; the conversion module converts the power flow snapshot into the physical power transmission right given by the power grid according to a preset rule; the computing module subtracts the capacity upper limit of the blocked section and / or the capacity upper limit of the section closest to the block from the physical power transmission right given by the power grid to obtain the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical power transmission right is met by the blocked section and / or the section closest to the block; and the clearing module inputs the transmission channel capacity remaining after the physical power transmission right is met by the blocked section and / or the section closest to the block into an auction model to clear the concentrated channel capacity. The medium and long-term transaction continues to play the role of a ballast physical delivery, while the congestion surplus allocation based on the physical properties of the power grid is involved, and a tool for hedging the congestion price risk of the electricity side market subject is provided.

[0129] In some embodiments, the present application further provides a congestion surplus allocation system based on a power transmission right market, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is configured to implement instructions, the memory is configured to store a plurality of instructions, and the instructions are used to load and execute the congestion allocation method based on the power transmission right market described in any one of the foregoing embodiments by the processor.

[0130] The above is further detailed description of the present application in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and cannot be deemed as limitation of the specific implementation of the present application to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of simple deductions or substitutions can be made, and all of them shall be deemed as falling within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A congestion surplus distribution method based on a transmission right market, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a power flow snapshot of a system stable power of a market operation agency in a medium and long term market safety check in a preset time period, and obtaining a power grid operation condition predicted by the market operation agency according to a dispatch mode to obtain a blocked section and / or a section closest to the blocked section; converting the power flow snapshot into physical power transmission rights given by the power grid according to a preset rule; calculating a difference between an upper limit of a capacity of the blocked section and / or the section closest to the blocked section and the physical power transmission rights given by the power grid to obtain a residual power transmission channel capacity of the blocked section after the physical power transmission rights are met and / or a residual power transmission channel capacity of the section closest to the blocked section after the physical power transmission rights are met; inputting the residual power transmission channel capacity of the blocked section after the physical power transmission rights are met and / or the residual power transmission channel capacity of the section closest to the blocked section after the physical power transmission rights are met into an auction model to clear the channel capacity; the step of inputting the residual power transmission channel capacity of the blocked section after the physical power transmission rights are met and / or the residual power transmission channel capacity of the section closest to the blocked section after the physical power transmission rights are met into the auction model to clear the channel capacity comprises: according to the step of inputting the residual power transmission channel capacity into the auction model to clear the channel capacity, constructing a security constrained optimization module, and a target function is: Max wherein k represents the blocked section in the auction link, and i represents each financial power transmission right bid of the section; For winning financial transmission right capacity; For buyout bid price.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, the target function comprises a section crossing line constraint, and all cleared financial power transmission right capacities are simultaneously cleared without causing any section to cross a line; that is, for each section: To the sink and source nodes of the financial power flow, the section is sensitive to the flow factor; is the upper limit of the remaining capacity of the section.

3. A congestion surplus allocation device based on the transmission rights market, characterized in that, the method, the device, the system, the apparatus, the computer program product and the computer readable medium are applied to the method of claim 1 or 2. The obtaining module is configured to obtain a power flow snapshot of a system stable power of a market operation agency in a medium and long term market safety check in a preset time period, and obtain a power grid operation condition predicted by the market operation agency according to a dispatch mode to obtain a blocked section and / or a section closest to the blocked section. The converting module is configured to convert the power flow snapshot into physical power transmission rights given by the power grid according to a preset rule. The calculating module is configured to calculate a difference between an upper limit of a capacity of the blocked section and / or the section closest to the blocked section and the physical power transmission rights given by the power grid to obtain a residual power transmission channel capacity of the blocked section after the physical power transmission rights are met and / or a residual power transmission channel capacity of the section closest to the blocked section after the physical power transmission rights are met. The clearing module is configured to input the residual power transmission channel capacity of the blocked section after the physical power transmission rights are met and / or the residual power transmission channel capacity of the section closest to the blocked section after the physical power transmission rights are met into an auction model to clear the channel capacity.

4. A power transmission right market based blocked surplus allocation system, comprising a processor and a memory, the processor is configured to implement instructions, the memory is configured to store a plurality of instructions, the instructions are configured to be loaded and executed by the processor to implement the power transmission right market based blocked surplus allocation method of claim 1 or 2.

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