A method for quickly constructing rescue channels for underground collapsed loose bodies

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies in a mine, comprising: determining the collapse grade of the collapsed tunnel; calculating the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel according to the collapsed body and overburden state of the collapsed tunnel; d , select the position of the preset rescue channel; insert multiple pre-support plates crosswise into the top of the preset rescue channel; place two sets of hydraulic support systems on both sides of the ground in the preset rescue channel; respectively set the two ends of the hydraulic regulator on the hydraulic telescopic rods in the two sets of hydraulic support systems, and support the exposed suspended parts of the pre-support plates on both sides of the top of the preset rescue channel through the hydraulic telescopic rods; the hydraulic regulator moves with the hydraulic telescopic rod, and adjusts the supporting force of the corresponding pre-support plates through the multiple hydraulic adjustment rods in the hydraulic regulator, so as to support the pre-support plates at different heights in the middle of the preset rescue channel; through the progressive support method, the construction of the rescue channel is quickly completed, thereby solving the current dilemma of low efficiency in the construction of the rescue channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of emergency rescue for coal mine production safety, and in particular to a method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground. Background Art

[0002] At present, coal is one of the main sources of energy, of which 90% of coal production depends on underground mining. Due to the complex conditions of underground coal mining, dynamic disasters are easily induced in the coal production process, such as coal and gas outbursts, explosions caused by fire and coal dust, and rock bursts. These disasters will cause varying degrees of damage, collapse, or even complete blockage of surrounding shafts and tunnels, blocking escape routes and rescue channels, resulting in trapped victims unable to evacuate or receive treatment in time and facing life-threatening situations at all times.

[0003] According to their functions and service scope, underground tunnels in coal mines are divided into three types: development tunnels, preparation tunnels, and mining tunnels. Different types of tunnels have different corresponding support methods, in-tunnel service equipment, and pipeline laying. In addition, compared with ground tunnel rescue, the underground rescue space in coal mines is small, and large-scale automated equipment cannot be used, resulting in low work efficiency. The underground rescue in coal mines is more difficult and has higher requirements; the underground burial depth is large and the geological conditions are complex, which requires higher equipment adaptability for the rescue channel; the underground contains explosive and flammable gases, and special underground explosion-proof rescue equipment is required. The existing methods for constructing rescue channels along collapsed tunnels in coal mines mainly include manual obstacle removal and drilling methods, but the manual obstacle removal method has problems such as low safety of personnel operations and low excavation efficiency; the drilling method has problems such as low drilling efficiency, poor equipment matching, and poor adaptability to geological conditions; both of the above two construction methods have the problem of low efficiency in constructing rescue channels. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground, so as to solve the problem of low efficiency in constructing the rescue channel in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies in a mine, comprising: determining the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel; calculating the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel according to the collapsed body and overburden state of the collapsed tunnel; d, select the position of the preset rescue channel; insert multiple pre-support plates crosswise into the top of the preset rescue channel; place two sets of hydraulic support systems on both sides of the ground in the preset rescue channel; respectively set the two ends of the hydraulic regulator on the hydraulic telescopic rods in the two sets of hydraulic support systems, and support the exposed suspended parts of the pre-support plates on both sides of the top of the preset rescue channel through the hydraulic telescopic rods; the hydraulic regulator moves with the hydraulic telescopic rod to support the suspended part of the pre-support plate located in the middle of the preset rescue channel, and adjust the supporting force of the corresponding pre-support plate through the multiple hydraulic adjustment rods in the hydraulic regulator to support the pre-support plates at different heights in the middle of the preset rescue channel; repeat the above support steps through the progressive support method to complete the construction of the underground collapsed loose body rescue channel.

[0006] Furthermore, the supporting forces of the corresponding pre-stressing plates are adjusted respectively by means of a plurality of hydraulic adjusting rods, including: the hydraulic adjuster includes a hydraulic adjusting rod, a hydraulic adjusting cylinder, a hydraulic control pipeline, a fixed plate and two fixing holes arranged at both ends of the fixed plate, the two fixing holes are respectively mounted on two hydraulic telescopic rods, the hydraulic adjusting cylinder is connected to the fixed plate, and the hydraulic adjusting rod and the hydraulic control pipeline are both located on the hydraulic adjusting cylinder; in the process of constructing a rescue channel, the supporting force of each hydraulic adjusting rod on the corresponding pre-stressing plate is controlled respectively, and the stress on the pre-stressing plate is distributed on the hydraulic adjuster.

[0007] Furthermore, the method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground also includes: after cross-inserting multiple pre-support plates into the top of a preset rescue channel, the accumulation body below the pre-support plates is crushed, dismantled and supported by a hydraulic demolition tool group and a top support device; in the extension direction of the preset rescue channel, the hydraulic pillars of two adjacent hydraulic support systems are connected by an auxiliary support frame.

[0008] Furthermore, connecting the hydraulic pillars of two adjacent hydraulic support systems includes: respectively connecting the two ends of the auxiliary support frame to the upper ends and the lower ends of the two adjacent groups of hydraulic pillars in a hinged manner.

[0009] Furthermore, the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel is calculated according to the collapsed body and overburden state of the collapsed tunnel. d The method includes: dividing the collapsed roadway into a structurally stable area, an unstable area, a stress relief area, and a stress concentration area according to the buried depth of the collapsed roadway, the geological structural conditions, and the distribution morphology and structural characteristics of the collapsed body in the unblocked area of ​​the collapsed roadway; selecting the location of the preset rescue channel in the structurally stable area and the stress relief area; calculating the roof pressure P of the collapsed roadway using the key layer theory or empirical estimation method. d .

[0010] Furthermore, the method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies in a mine also includes: calculating the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel dFinally, calculate the support force F generated by the hydraulic support system n and the bending normal stress σ generated by the overlying loose mass to meet the support force F generated by the hydraulic support system n The material of the pre-support plate is greater than the bending normal stress σ generated by the overlying loose body.

[0011] Furthermore, judging the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel includes: judging the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel by observing the collapsed area of ​​the tunnel and the degree of blockage of the tunnel section, and determining whether the safe passage of rescue personnel can be guaranteed.

[0012] Furthermore, the hydraulic demolition tool set includes hydraulic shears, hydraulic expanders and hydraulic breakers, which are used to break and demolish the accumulation on the ground; the supporting device includes hydraulic jacks, jacks and lifting cushions, which are used to support loose accumulation.

[0013] Furthermore, both ends of the pre-stressing plate are provided with connecting holes, and two adjacent pre-stressing plates are connected to the two connecting holes via a connecting shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the pre-supporting plates include long pre-supporting plates and short pre-supporting plates, which are cross-inserted at regular intervals along the gaps between the piles at the top of the preset rescue channel.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention provides a method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies in a mine, including: determining the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel; calculating the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel according to the collapsed body and overburden state of the collapsed tunnel; d, select the position of the preset rescue channel; insert multiple pre-support plates crosswise into the top of the preset rescue channel; place two sets of hydraulic support systems on both sides of the ground in the preset rescue channel; respectively set the two ends of the hydraulic regulator on the hydraulic telescopic rods in the two sets of hydraulic support systems, and support the exposed suspended parts of the pre-support plates on both sides of the top of the preset rescue channel through the hydraulic telescopic rods; the hydraulic regulator moves with the hydraulic telescopic rod to support the suspended part of the pre-support plate located in the middle of the preset rescue channel, and adjust the supporting force of the corresponding pre-support plate through the multiple hydraulic adjustment rods in the hydraulic regulator to support the pre-support plates at different heights in the middle of the preset rescue channel; repeat the above support steps through the progressive support method to complete the construction of the underground collapsed loose body rescue channel. With this solution, due to the constant change of stress generated by the collapsed body of the collapsed tunnel, a hydraulic regulator is set, and the hydraulic regulator moves with the hydraulic telescopic rod to support the suspended part of the pre-support plate located in the middle of the preset rescue channel. In this way, the supporting force of the corresponding pre-support plate can be adjusted respectively through multiple hydraulic adjustment rods, avoiding stress concentration, thereby improving the integrity and safety of the rescue channel, and at the same time, it can also support pre-support plates of different heights, thereby improving applicability. When constructing a rescue channel, first determine the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel, and then calculate the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel. d , so that the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel can be obtained d The approximate range of the pre-support plate is determined so as to select the support tool of the corresponding range, and then the position of the preset rescue channel is selected. Then, multiple pre-support plates are cross-inserted into the top of the preset rescue channel. The exposed suspended parts of the pre-support plates on both sides of the top of the preset rescue channel are supported by the hydraulic telescopic rods of the two sets of hydraulic support systems. This can increase the stability between the pre-support plates and the collapsed body above, and reduce the disturbance and damage to the surrounding collapsed loose bodies during the construction of the rescue channel. A hydraulic regulator is set to move with the hydraulic telescopic rod to support the suspended part of the pre-support plate located in the middle of the preset rescue channel. Finally, a progressive support method is adopted to repeat the above support steps to complete the construction of the underground collapsed loose body rescue channel. The construction method of this scheme is simple, efficient, safe and stable. It does not require a lot of manpower to complete the construction of the rescue channel, which effectively solves the problem of low efficiency in the construction of the rescue channel in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A flow chart showing a method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies in a mine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A front view of a rescue passage for collapsed loose bodies in a mine constructed using the construction method of the present solution is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 Side view of the rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies in the middle well at one stage;

[0020] Figure 4 Shows Figure 3 Side view of the rescue passage for collapsed loose bodies in the middle well at another stage;

[0021] Figure 5 Shows Figure 2 A top view of the hydraulic regulator;

[0022] Figure 6 Shows Figure 5 Side view of the hydraulic regulator in the retracted state;

[0023] Figure 7 Shows Figure 5 Side view of the middle hydraulic adjuster in the extended state;

[0024] Figure 8 Shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the side force analysis during the middle support process;

[0025] Fig. 9 Shows Figure 2 An overhead view of the rescue passage for collapsed loose bodies in the mine.

[0026] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0027] 10. Collapse of tunnels;

[0028] 20. Rescue channel;

[0029] 30. Pre-support plate; 31. Connection hole; 32. Long pre-support plate; 33. Short pre-support plate; 34. Tip;

[0030] 40. Hydraulic support system; 41. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 42. Hydraulic support;

[0031] 50. Hydraulic regulator; 51. Hydraulic adjustment rod; 52. Hydraulic adjustment cylinder; 53. Hydraulic control pipeline; 54. Fixing plate; 55. Fixing hole;

[0032] 60. Auxiliary support frame;

[0033] 70. Accumulation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies in a mine, comprising: determining the collapse level of a collapsed tunnel 10; calculating the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel 10 according to the collapsed body and overburden state of the collapsed tunnel 10; d , select the position of the preset rescue channel 20; insert multiple pre-supporting plates 30 crosswise into the top of the preset rescue channel 20; place two sets of hydraulic support systems 40 on both sides of the ground in the preset rescue channel 20; respectively set the two ends of the hydraulic regulator 50 on the hydraulic telescopic rods 41 in the two sets of hydraulic support systems 40, and support the exposed suspended parts of the pre-supporting plates 30 on both sides of the top of the preset rescue channel 20 through the hydraulic telescopic rods 41; the hydraulic regulator 50 moves with the hydraulic telescopic rods 41 to support the suspended part of the pre-supporting plates 30 located in the middle of the preset rescue channel 20, and adjust the supporting force of the corresponding pre-supporting plates 30 through the multiple hydraulic adjustment rods 51 in the hydraulic regulator 50 to support the pre-supporting plates 30 at different heights in the middle of the preset rescue channel 20; repeat the above support steps through the progressive support method to complete the construction of the underground collapsed loose body rescue channel 20.

[0036] With this solution, due to the constant change of stress generated by the collapsed body of the collapsed tunnel 10, a hydraulic regulator 50 is provided, and the hydraulic regulator 50 moves with the hydraulic telescopic rod 41 to support the suspended part of the pre-support plate 30 located in the middle of the preset rescue channel 20. In this way, the supporting force of the corresponding pre-support plate 30 can be adjusted respectively by multiple hydraulic adjustment rods 51, thereby avoiding stress concentration, thereby improving the integrity and safety of the rescue channel 20, and at the same time, it can also support pre-support plates 30 of different heights, thereby improving applicability. When constructing the rescue channel 20, first determine the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel 10, and then calculate the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel 10. d , so that the roof pressure P of collapsed tunnel 10 can be obtained dThe approximate range of the support tool of the corresponding range can be selected, and then the position of the preset rescue channel 20 is selected, and then a plurality of pre-supporting plates 30 are cross-inserted into the top of the preset rescue channel 20, and the exposed suspended parts of the pre-supporting plates 30 on both sides of the top of the preset rescue channel 20 are supported by the hydraulic telescopic rods 41 of the two sets of hydraulic support systems 40, so as to increase the stability between the pre-supporting plates 30 and the collapsed body above, and reduce the disturbance and damage to the surrounding collapsed loose bodies during the construction of the rescue channel 20. A hydraulic regulator 50 is arranged to move with the hydraulic telescopic rod 41 to support the suspended part of the pre-support plate 30 located in the middle of the preset rescue channel 20. Finally, a progressive support method is adopted to repeat the above support steps to complete the construction of the underground collapsed loose body rescue channel 20. The construction method of this scheme is different from the traditional rectangular / square and other methods that use beams or large-section support plates, which require the collapsed body section to be repaired into a regular section for support. This scheme can support irregular sections, thereby improving applicability, and is simple and efficient, safe and stable. The rescue channel 20 can be constructed without consuming a lot of manpower, which effectively solves the problem of low construction efficiency of the rescue channel 20 in the prior art.

[0037] Among them, the stress changes caused by the collapsed body mainly change with the gradual advancement of the process of building the rescue channel 20. Therefore, the stress changes during the advancement process. The hydraulic regulator 50 and the hydraulic support system 40 are used to adjust the length of the hydraulic adjustment rod 51 and the hydraulic telescopic rod 41 to avoid stress concentration and prevent the support device from being damaged and failing due to stress concentration, which reflects that the present scheme has the characteristics of self-stabilizing adjustment and self-adaptive autonomous control.

[0038] Specifically, the progressive support method is to continue excavating the tunnel after the front end of the pre-support plate 30 is supported. When the excavation reaches 0.5-1 meter behind the rear end of the pre-support plate 30, a new pre-support plate 30 is inserted under the original pre-support plate 30, and the hydraulic support system 40 and the hydraulic regulator 50 are arranged again for support. This process is repeated until the rescue passage 20 is completed and constructed.

[0039] Among them, the supporting force of the corresponding pre-stressing plate 30 is adjusted respectively by multiple hydraulic adjustment rods 51, including: the hydraulic adjuster 50 includes a hydraulic adjustment rod 51, a hydraulic adjustment cylinder 52, a hydraulic control pipeline 53, a fixed plate 54 and two fixing holes 55 arranged at both ends of the fixed plate 54, the two fixing holes 55 are respectively mounted on the two hydraulic telescopic rods 41, the hydraulic adjustment cylinder 52 is connected to the fixed plate 54, the hydraulic adjustment rod 51 and the hydraulic control pipeline 53 are both located on the hydraulic adjustment cylinder 52; in the process of constructing the rescue channel 20, the supporting force of each hydraulic adjustment rod 51 on the corresponding pre-stressing plate 30 is controlled respectively, and the stress on the pre-stressing plate 30 is distributed on the hydraulic adjuster 50. By adopting the above-mentioned setting mode, the two fixing holes 55 are respectively set on the two hydraulic telescopic rods 41, so that the hydraulic adjuster 50 can be driven to move by the hydraulic telescopic rod 41; by controlling the supporting force of each hydraulic adjusting rod 51 on the corresponding pre-supporting plate 30, the stress on the pre-supporting plate 30 is distributed on the hydraulic adjuster 50, which effectively avoids stress concentration and improves the integrity and safety of the rescue channel 20. When stress concentration occurs above a pre-supporting plate 30, the supporting force below other surrounding pre-supporting plates 30 can be increased to disperse the stress, so as to avoid damage and failure of the entire rescue channel 20 due to stress concentration.

[0040] Optionally, the method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground further includes a controller and a plurality of sensors, the sensors and the controller are electrically connected, the sensors are mounted on the hydraulic adjustment rod 51, the plurality of sensors and the plurality of hydraulic adjustment rods 51 are arranged one-to-one, and the sensors are used to detect the pressure value of the hydraulic adjustment rod 51. The sensors transmit the pressure value signal detected on the hydraulic adjustment rod 51 to the controller, and then the controller controls the supporting force of each hydraulic adjustment rod 51 on the corresponding pre-supporting plate 30, thereby distributing the stress on the pre-supporting plate 30 on the hydraulic regulator 50.

[0041] Among them, it can be set that each hydraulic adjustment rod 51 corresponds to a pre-support plate 30, realizing one-to-one correspondence, so as to facilitate the later intelligent regulation and control, and perform self-regulation and self-adaptation functions. (Each hydraulic regulator 50 can be numbered, and the hydraulic adjustment rod 51 above it changes from left to right, such as: a pre-support plate 30 and a corresponding hydraulic adjustment rod 51 are numbered 00101, the first three digits represent the number of the hydraulic regulator 50, and the last two digits represent the number of the hydraulic adjustment rod 51). Each hydraulic adjustment rod 51 is arranged with a sensor, which can detect the pressure on the hydraulic adjustment rod 51, and can adjust the telescopic state of different positions in real time, realizing a dynamic monitoring and control function.

[0042] Specifically, the method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground also includes: after a plurality of pre-supporting plates 30 are inserted crosswise into the top of the preset rescue channel 20, the accumulation body 70 below the pre-supporting plates 30 is crushed, removed and supported by a hydraulic demolition tool group and a top support device; in the extension direction of the preset rescue channel 20, the hydraulic pillars 42 of two adjacent hydraulic support systems 40 are connected by an auxiliary support frame 60. In this scheme, the accumulation body 70 below the pre-supporting plates 30 can be crushed, removed and supported by a hydraulic demolition tool group and a top support device, so as to ensure that the pre-supporting plates 30 can be smoothly inserted into the top of the preset rescue channel 20. Among them, a plurality of pre-supporting plates 30 can be inserted crosswise into the top of the preset rescue channel 20 by a plug-in method. And the hydraulic pillars 42 of two adjacent hydraulic support systems 40 are connected by an auxiliary support frame 60, so as to further ensure the stability and safety of the rescue channel 20. The plate insertion method mainly involves inserting the pre-support plate 30 along the cracks of the pile 70. When the insertion process is blocked, the hydraulic rescue tool set and the supporting device are used to rescue and ensure the smooth insertion of the pre-support plate 30. The rescue passage 20 is constructed using the plate insertion method, which greatly saves the workload of the rescue and transportation of the pile 70 and improves the rescue efficiency.

[0043] Optionally, the end of the pre-stressing plate 30 is a pointed end 34 , which facilitates the insertion of the pre-stressing plate 30 .

[0044] The connection of the hydraulic pillars 42 of two adjacent hydraulic support systems 40 includes: connecting the two ends of the auxiliary support frame 60 to the upper and lower ends of the two adjacent groups of hydraulic pillars 42 in a hinged manner. The hinged manner facilitates quick installation and disassembly; and the two ends of the auxiliary support frame 60 are connected to the upper and lower ends of the two adjacent groups of hydraulic pillars 42, so that a stable support structure can be formed, thereby improving the stability and safety of the rescue channel 20.

[0045] Specifically, the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel 10 is calculated according to the collapsed body and the overburden state of the collapsed tunnel 10. d The method comprises: dividing the collapsed tunnel 10 into a structurally stable area, an unstable area, a stress relief area and a stress concentration area according to the buried depth of the collapsed tunnel 10, the geological structure conditions and the distribution form and structural characteristics of the collapsed body in the unblocked area of ​​the collapsed tunnel 10; selecting the position of the preset rescue channel 20 in the structurally stable area and the stress relief area; calculating the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel 10 by using the key layer theory or the empirical estimation method. d In this scheme, the preset rescue channel 20 is mainly selected in the structural stability area and the stress relief area, and then the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel 10 is calculated by using the key layer theory or empirical estimation method. d .in,

[0046] Pd =(∑hZ)γ+(4~8)Hγ;

[0047] Where: P d — Collapsed tunnel roof pressure, in MPa;

[0048] ∑h—the thickness of the original tunnel roof, in m;

[0049] H—original tunnel height, in m;

[0050] Z—collapse height, in m;

[0051] γ—body force, unit is MN / m 3 .

[0052] Specifically, the method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies in a mine also includes: calculating the roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel 10 d Then, the support force F generated by the hydraulic support system 40 is calculated. n and the bending normal stress σ generated by the overlying loose mass to meet the support force F generated by the hydraulic support system 40 n The material of the pre-support plate 30 is greater than the bending normal stress σ generated by the overlying loose body. The roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel 10 is calculated by the above formula. d After that, the support force F generated by the hydraulic support system 40 needs to be satisfied. n The material of the pre-support plate 30 is greater than the bending normal stress σ generated by the overlying loose body, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the rescue channel 20.

[0053]

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] Where: F n —The support force generated by the hydraulic support system, in MN;

[0057] P d — Collapsed tunnel roof pressure, in MPa;

[0058] l—pre-stay length, in m;

[0059] y—pre-stay width, in m;

[0060] a—inclination angle of the pre-support plate, in degrees;

[0061] W z —Bending section coefficient, unit: m3 ;

[0062] σ—bending normal stress, in MPa;

[0063] M—bending moment, unit is MN*m.

[0064] like Figure 8 As shown, x = 1 / 2l, that is, the bending moment generated at the midpoint of the pre-support plate 30 is the largest, and the material of the pre-support plate 30 needs to be greater than the bending positive stress σ generated by the overlying loose body on the pre-support plate 30 to ensure the reliability of the rescue channel 20 and the personal safety of the rescuers during the cleaning operation. Ax It refers to the support force generated by the hydraulic support system in the x direction at point A; F Ay It refers to the support force generated by the hydraulic support system in the y direction at point A; F By It refers to the support force generated by the hydraulic support system in the y direction at point B.

[0065] Among them, the support pressure P of the hydraulic support system z According to theoretical calculation, the force analysis is carried out along the construction direction perpendicular to the preset rescue channel 20, and the theoretical calculation formula is:

[0066]

[0067] Where: P z —Support pressure of hydraulic support system, in MPa;

[0068] d—cleaning distance, in m;

[0069] y—pre-stay width, in m;

[0070] A—Hydraulic telescopic rod support area, unit: m 2 ;

[0071] In order to ensure the stability of the rescue channel 20, the support pressure P of the hydraulic support system z greater than the collapsed tunnel roof pressure P d , the following formula must be satisfied:

[0072]

[0073] In this embodiment, judging the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel 10 includes: judging the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel 10 by observing the collapsed area of ​​the tunnel and the degree of blockage of the tunnel section, and determining whether the rescue personnel can pass safely. In this scheme, the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel 10 can be judged by observing the collapsed area of ​​the tunnel and the degree of blockage of the tunnel section, so as to determine whether the rescue personnel can pass safely. Specifically, when the collapsed tunnel 10 makes it difficult to ensure the safe passage of the rescue personnel, the safety of the rescue process must be ensured by constructing a rescue channel 20. That is, only when the rescue personnel can pass safely can the subsequent rescue work be carried out.

[0074] Specifically, the hydraulic demolition tool set includes hydraulic shears, hydraulic expanders and hydraulic breakers, which are used to break and demolish the pile 70 on the ground; the supporting device includes hydraulic jacks, push rods and lifting air cushions, which are used to support the loose pile 70. Among them, the hydraulic shears include three series: heavy, light and micro, which can shear the deformed anchors (cables), metal meshes and pipes and other metal structures with high hardness in the collapsed loose body; the hydraulic expander is mainly composed of heavy expanders, shear and expander dual-purpose devices and slot openers, which can move and lift obstacles, destroy metal structures, and quickly clear obstacles; the hydraulic breaker can perform local crushing operations on large collapsed rock masses for cleaning and transportation; the hydraulic jack and push rod are composed of multi-stage hydraulic jacks and bidirectional telescopic hydraulic push rods; the supporting device is mainly used to support the loose collapsed body, which plays a role in maintaining the space of the rescue channel 20.

[0075] Specifically, both ends of the pre-support plate 30 have connecting holes 31, and two adjacent pre-support plates 30 are connected to the two connecting holes 31 by a connecting shaft. This arrangement can avoid the occurrence of slippage between the pre-support plates 30, and increase the integrity and safety of the rescue channel 20. In this solution, the pre-support plates 30 in the same row have formed a fixed whole in a top-supporting manner through the hydraulic regulator 50 and the hydraulic telescopic rod 41 in the hydraulic support system 40. The connection hole 31 is provided to connect the rear end and the front end of the front and rear pre-support plates 30, so that the front and rear pre-support plates 30 are fixedly connected, and finally form an interconnected whole, thereby increasing the overall structural strength of the rescue channel 20.

[0076] In this embodiment, the pre-support plates 30 include long pre-support plates 32 and short pre-support plates 33, which are cross-inserted at regular intervals along the gaps between the piles 70 at the top of the preset rescue channel 20. The long pre-support plates 32 and the short pre-support plates 33 are cross-inserted at regular intervals at the top of the preset rescue channel 20, which can reduce the falling of smaller broken loose bodies and avoid affecting the cleaning of the piles 70 below. Among them, the cross-insertion of the long pre-support plates 32 and the short pre-support plates 33 is adopted to ensure safety and stability during the progressive support process. Because of the different lengths, half of the pre-support plates 30 are always in the deep of the pile during the insertion process, providing a stable support effect, ensuring the stability of the structure, and preventing collapse during the subsequent support process by the hydraulic support system 40 and the hydraulic regulator 50.

[0077] Optionally, the width and thickness of the pre-supporting plate 30 are respectively less than 200 mm and 50 mm, and the interval between the long pre-supporting plate 32 and the short pre-supporting plate 33 during the process of cross-insertion into the top of the preset rescue channel 20 is less than 20 mm.

[0078] The beneficial effects of adopting this solution are as follows:

[0079] 1. The device used in the present invention is a high-performance portable and lightweight equipment. At the same time, the construction method of the present invention is simple and efficient, which is convenient for rescue personnel to quickly construct, has low labor intensity and high operation efficiency, and effectively shortens the rescue time;

[0080] 2. The present invention adopts the plug-in method to insert the pre-supporting plate into the collapsed body, and can carry out safe and efficient support operations without digging a regular-shaped channel in the collapsed soft body. By using an auxiliary support frame to connect two adjacent hydraulic pillars on the same side, it has the advantages of wide application range, good self-stabilizing support effect and fast construction speed;

[0081] 3. The hydraulic regulator used in the present invention evenly distributes the stress of the pre-support plate, prevents a single pre-support plate from being damaged due to stress concentration, and can adjust the pressure generated by the overlying collapsed body, thereby achieving self-adaptation and self-stabilization of the support process, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the rescue channel construction process;

[0082] 4. The present invention adopts a support method of first inserting the plate and then cleaning. Under the protection of the pre-supporting plate, the pile is crushed, cleaned and supported, which reduces the workload and has high safety.

[0083] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground, characterized in that: include: Determining the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel (10); The roof pressure P of the collapsed tunnel (10) is calculated according to the collapsed body and the overburden state of the collapsed tunnel (10). d , selecting the location of a preset rescue channel (20); Inserting a plurality of pre-supporting plates (30) crosswise into the top of the preset rescue channel (20); Placing two sets of hydraulic support systems (40) on both sides of the ground in the preset rescue channel (20); The two ends of the hydraulic regulator (50) are respectively sleeved on the hydraulic telescopic rods (41) in the two groups of the hydraulic support system (40), and the exposed suspended parts of the pre-supporting plates (30) on both sides of the top of the preset rescue channel (20) are supported by the hydraulic telescopic rods (41); The hydraulic regulator (50) moves with the hydraulic telescopic rod (41) to support the suspended portion of the pre-support plate (30) located in the middle of the preset rescue channel (20), and the supporting forces of the corresponding pre-support plates (30) are adjusted respectively through a plurality of hydraulic adjustment rods (51) in the hydraulic regulator (50) to support the pre-support plates (30) located at different heights in the middle of the preset rescue channel (20); According to the buried depth of the collapsed tunnel (10), the geological structure conditions, and the distribution form and structural characteristics of the collapsed body in the unblocked area of ​​the collapsed tunnel (10), the collapsed tunnel (10) is divided into a structurally stable area, an unstable area, a stress relief area, and a stress concentration area; the position of the preset rescue channel (20) is selected in the structurally stable area and the stress relief area; and the roof pressure of the collapsed tunnel (10) is calculated using the key layer theory or the empirical estimation method; After calculating the roof pressure of the collapsed tunnel (10), the support force Fn generated by the hydraulic support system (40) and the bending normal stress σ generated by the overlying loose body are calculated to ensure that the support force Fn generated by the hydraulic support system (40) is greater than the covering pressure of the loose body on the roof of the collapsed tunnel (10), and the material of the pre-support plate (30) is greater than the bending normal stress σ generated by the overlying loose body; The supporting force of the corresponding pre-stressing plate (30) is adjusted respectively by using a plurality of hydraulic adjustment rods (51), comprising: the hydraulic adjuster (50) comprising a hydraulic adjustment rod (51), a hydraulic adjustment cylinder (52), a hydraulic control pipeline (53), a fixing plate (54), and two fixing holes (55) arranged at two ends of the fixing plate (54), the two fixing holes (55) are respectively sleeved on two hydraulic telescopic rods (41), the hydraulic adjustment cylinder (52) is connected to the fixing plate (54), and the hydraulic adjustment rod (51) and the hydraulic control pipeline (53) are both located on the hydraulic adjustment cylinder (52); in the process of constructing the rescue channel (20), the supporting force of each hydraulic adjustment rod (51) on the corresponding pre-stressing plate (30) is respectively controlled, so that the stress on the pre-stressing plate (30) is distributed on the hydraulic adjuster (50); The method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground also includes a controller and a plurality of sensors, wherein the sensors are electrically connected to the controller, the sensors are mounted on the hydraulic adjustment rod (51), the plurality of sensors and the plurality of hydraulic adjustment rods (51) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and the sensors are used to detect the pressure value exerted on the hydraulic adjustment rod (51); The above support steps are repeated through a progressive support method to complete the construction of a rescue channel (20) for collapsed loose bodies underground.

2. The method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground also includes: After a plurality of the pre-supporting plates (30) are inserted crosswise into the top of the preset rescue channel (20), the accumulation body (70) below the pre-supporting plates (30) is crushed, removed and supported by a hydraulic demolition tool set and a supporting device; In the extension direction of the preset rescue channel (20), the hydraulic pillars (42) of two adjacent hydraulic support systems (40) are connected via an auxiliary support frame (60).

3. The method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground according to claim 2, characterized in that: Connecting the hydraulic supports (42) of two adjacent hydraulic support systems (40) comprises: The two ends of the auxiliary support frame (60) are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of two adjacent groups of hydraulic struts (42) in a hinged manner.

4. The method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel (10) includes: By observing the collapsed area of ​​the tunnel and the degree of blockage of the tunnel section, the collapse level of the collapsed tunnel (10) is judged to determine whether the rescue personnel can be guaranteed to pass safely.

5. The method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for underground collapsed loose bodies according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic demolition tool set comprises a hydraulic shear, a hydraulic expander and a hydraulic breaker, and the hydraulic shear, the hydraulic expander and the hydraulic breaker are used to break and demolish the accumulation body (70) on the ground; the supporting device comprises a hydraulic jack, a push rod and a lifting air cushion, and the loose accumulation body (70) is supported by the hydraulic jack, the push rod and the lifting air cushion.

6. The method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the pre-supporting plate (30) are provided with connecting holes (31), and two adjacent pre-supporting plates (30) are connected to the two connecting holes (31) via a connecting shaft.

7. The method for quickly constructing a rescue channel for collapsed loose bodies underground according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-supporting plates (30) include long pre-supporting plates (32) and short pre-supporting plates (33), and the long pre-supporting plates (32) and the short pre-supporting plates (33) are cross-inserted at regular intervals along the gaps between the stacking bodies (70) at the top of the preset rescue channel (20).

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