A distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an online measurement device and method for sediment deposition rate of an irrigation canal using distributed optical fiber, and relates to the field of sediment deposition measurement. The device comprises a tripod plexiglass bracket, a distributed optical fiber sensor, a power supply box, a light source pulse transmitter, a real-time data transmission transmitter, and a data receiving terminal; wherein the tripod plexiglass bracket is placed in the irrigation canal, a distributed optical fiber sensor is installed on each leg of the tripod plexiglass bracket, a light source pulse transmitter and a real-time data transmission transmitter are installed on the top of the tripod plexiglass bracket, the power supply box is placed on the shore, the power supply box is connected to the light source pulse transmitter and the real-time data transmission transmitter, and the data receiving terminal is used to receive field monitoring data. The present invention supports obtaining sedimentation rate data of multiple locations in the same time period, so that the monitoring data is representative. In addition, the invention uses online real-time transmission technology to provide managers with data analysis and early warning decisions in a timely manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sediment deposition measurement, and more particularly to an online measurement device and method for sediment deposition rate of an irrigation channel using distributed optical fibers. Background Art

[0002] Irrigation canals are currently used for irrigation and planting at home and abroad, and are an important way to ensure water for agricultural planting. Sedimentation is a common phenomenon in the process of irrigation canal water diversion. Sedimentation is an important environmental disaster problem currently faced by rivers or irrigation canals at home and abroad during operation, which directly affects the ecosystem, navigation, irrigation, etc. of rivers or irrigation canals, causing economic and environmental damage. In order to improve the early warning and dredging measures for river sedimentation and further prevent and control environmental disasters caused by sedimentation, it is particularly necessary to monitor the dynamic changes of river sedimentation in real time.

[0003] There are already some devices for river sediment monitoring, such as buoy monitoring equipment, portable siltation depth measurement equipment, river runoff sediment measurement equipment, etc. The existing devices provide a good solution for river sediment monitoring, but there are still certain shortcomings: (1) Existing equipment is mainly used to measure the sediment content and siltation depth of the river, but it cannot obtain information on the sedimentation rate, and cannot determine the speed of sedimentation and the timeliness of the warning position; (2) Some equipment can measure automatically, but cannot monitor online in real time, and cannot provide data information in a timely manner; (3) The monitoring or measurement position of existing equipment is limited to a certain point, and cannot represent a certain section of the river. In addition, there are few related devices for monitoring sedimentation in irrigation channels. Therefore, for those skilled in the art, how to accurately measure the sedimentation rate is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement device and method to solve the problems raised by the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement device, comprising a tripod plexiglass bracket, a distributed optical fiber sensor, a power supply box, a light source pulse transmitter, a data real-time transmission transmitter, and a data receiving terminal; wherein the tripod plexiglass bracket is placed in the irrigation channel, the distributed optical fiber sensor is installed on each leg of the tripod plexiglass bracket, the light source pulse transmitter and the data real-time transmission transmitter are installed on the top of the tripod plexiglass bracket, the power supply box is placed on the shore, the power supply box is connected to the light source pulse transmitter and the data real-time transmission transmitter, and the data receiving terminal is used to receive field monitoring data.

[0006] Optionally, the tripod organic glass support comprises three glass legs and a connector, and each of the glass legs is made of polymethyl methacrylate.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the following beneficial technical effects are achieved: each glass support leg is made of polymethyl methacrylate. As the external temperature changes, the temperature change of this material itself is not obvious, and it can effectively resist the temperature changes caused by sunlight, water immersion, rain and snow. Therefore, the temperature influence of the support leg on the distributed optical fiber sensor is reduced.

[0008] Optionally, the glass support foot is a hollow cylinder, and the bottom of the cylinder is sealed with a glass fiber membrane.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the following beneficial technical effects are achieved: the glass fiber membrane is water-permeable, so only water in the canal can enter the interior of the support leg, that is, the temperature change of the internal sensing optical fiber is mainly caused by the influence of the irrigation canal water.

[0010] Optionally, a support foot angle adjuster is provided on the connector to adjust the angle between the glass support foot and the central axis.

[0011] Optionally, the power supply box is a solar power supply box, which includes a solar panel and an energy storage and voltage-stabilizing power supply; the solar panel is connected to the energy storage and voltage-stabilizing power supply.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a data storage device, which is connected to the real-time data transmission transmitter and the distributed optical fiber sensor.

[0013] On the other hand, a distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement method is provided, characterized in that the measurement is performed using the distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement device, and the specific steps include the following:

[0014] Distributed optical fiber sensors are used to collect information on the spatial distribution and temporal changes of sediment along the optical fiber transmission path in real time to obtain temperature and pressure spectra.

[0015] The sediment deposition thickness is obtained according to the temperature spectrum and the pressure spectrum, and then the sediment deposition rate of the irrigation channel corresponding to each detection time is determined.

[0016] Optionally, the sediment thickness is the length corresponding to the horizontal axis of the spectrum line divided by sin(90°-α); wherein α is the angle between the support leg and the horizontal plane.

[0017] Optionally, the final temperature spectrum corresponding to each detection time is represented by the temperature spectrum of the external sensing optical fiber minus the temperature spectrum of the internal sensing optical fiber; the final pressure spectrum corresponding to each detection time is represented by the pressure spectrum of the external sensing optical fiber.

[0018] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement device and method, which has the following beneficial technical effects: using distributed optical fiber sensors, while considering the information of three points in a certain section of the irrigation channel, each point is simultaneously monitored and calculated by two distributed optical fiber sensors, one inside and one outside, so that accurate sediment deposition rate can be obtained in time and space, and online real-time transmission technology is used to provide managers with data analysis and early warning decisions in a timely manner. If it can be used simultaneously in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the irrigation channel, the manager can monitor the sediment deposition of the entire irrigation channel and make clear early warnings for rapid sedimentation sections or serious sedimentation sections. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the tripod organic glass support, the light source pulse transmitter and the data real-time transmission transmitter of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solar power supply box of the present invention;

[0023] Among them, 1 is a solar panel, 2 is an energy storage voltage-stabilizing power supply, 3 is a tripod plexiglass bracket, 4 is a data receiving terminal, 5 is an external sensing optical fiber, 6 is a central axis, 7 is a light source pulse transmitter, 8 is a support leg, 9 is a data storage device, 10 is a real-time data transmission transmitter, 11 is a line expansion device, 12 is an internal sensing optical fiber, and 13 is a support leg angle adjuster. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Embodiment 1 of the present invention discloses a distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement device, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it includes a tripod plexiglass bracket 3, a distributed optical fiber sensor, a power supply box, a light source pulse transmitter 7, a data real-time transmission transmitter 10, and a data receiving terminal 4; wherein the tripod plexiglass bracket 3 is placed in an irrigation canal, a distributed optical fiber sensor is installed on each leg of the tripod plexiglass bracket 3, a light source pulse transmitter 7 and a data real-time transmission transmitter 10 are installed on the top of the tripod plexiglass bracket 3, the power supply box is placed on the shore, the power supply box is connected to the light source pulse transmitter 7 and the data real-time transmission transmitter 10, and the data receiving terminal 4 is used to receive field monitoring data.

[0026] Furthermore, the tripod plexiglass bracket 3 includes three glass legs and a connector. Each glass leg 8 is made of polymethyl methacrylate. As the external temperature changes, the temperature change of this material itself is not obvious, and it can effectively resist the temperature changes caused by sunlight, water immersion, rain and snow. Therefore, the temperature influence of the legs on the distributed optical fiber sensor is reduced.

[0027] Furthermore, each leg 8 is 1.5 m long and is hollow cylindrical. Distributed optical fiber sensors (referred to as internal sensing optical fiber 12 and external sensing optical fiber 5, respectively) are placed inside and outside the cylinder. The bottom of the cylinder is sealed with a glass fiber membrane, which is water-permeable. Therefore, only water in the canal can enter the inside of the leg 8, that is, the temperature change of the internal sensing optical fiber 12 is mainly due to the influence of the irrigation canal water, while the temperature change of the external sensing optical fiber 5 is due to the combined effect of the irrigation canal water and sediment. The connector is made of stainless steel, which is resistant to chemical corrosion. A leg angle adjuster 13 is provided on the upper part of the connector to adjust the angle between the leg and the central axis. At this time, the angle between the leg 8 and the central axis 6 is.

[0028] In this embodiment, the power supply box is a solar power supply box, such as Figure 3 As shown, the solar power supply box includes a solar panel 1 and an energy storage and voltage-stabilizing power supply 2; the solar panel 1 is connected to the energy storage and voltage-stabilizing power supply 2.

[0029] It also includes a data storage device 9, which is connected to a real-time data transmission transmitter 10 and a distributed optical fiber sensor.

[0030] The working principle of the present invention is: Figure 1 As shown, connect various components, debug the solar power supply box to ensure stable power supply, and at the same time, debug the distributed optical fiber sensor, light source pulse transmitter 7, data real-time transmission transmitter 10 and indoor data receiving terminal 4 to ensure normal data transmission and reception.

[0031] After the above components are debugged, they officially enter the working state. First, the solar power supply box starts working to power other components. Secondly, the real-time data transmission transmitter 10, the indoor data receiving terminal 4 and the light source pulse transmitter 7 work simultaneously. With the flow of water and the accumulation of sediment, the internal sensing optical fiber 12 and the external sensing optical fiber 5 will have different temperature and pressure changes at different times. The data obtained by the distributed optical fiber sensor is collected in the data storage 9, and the data is sent through the real-time data transmission transmitter 10 at the same time, and the indoor data receiving terminal 4 receives the data synchronously. The recording time interval of the distributed optical fiber sensor is 10 minutes, and the manager statistically analyzes the data of three points (legs) through the indoor data receiving terminal 4. For each point (leg), the final temperature spectrum corresponding to each detection time is represented by the temperature spectrum of the external sensing optical fiber 5 minus the temperature spectrum of the internal sensing optical fiber 12 (this subtraction can remove the noise affected by the water temperature). The final pressure spectrum corresponding to each detection time is represented by the pressure spectrum of the external sensing optical fiber 5. As the sediment accumulates, the spectrum line will continue to change. Considering that there is a certain angle α between the support leg and the horizontal plane, the sediment thickness is the length of the horizontal axis of the spectrum line divided by sin(90°-α). Finally, the sediment accumulation rate of the irrigation canal corresponding to each detection time is determined, the development trend of sediment accumulation is judged, and early warning decisions are made in a timely manner.

[0032] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement method, using the above-mentioned distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement device to perform online measurement, the specific steps are:

[0033] Distributed optical fiber sensors are used to collect information on the spatial distribution and temporal changes of sediment along the optical fiber transmission path in real time to obtain temperature and pressure spectra.

[0034] The sediment deposition thickness is obtained based on the temperature spectrum and pressure spectrum, and then the sediment deposition rate of the irrigation channel corresponding to each detection time is determined.

[0035] The horizontal axis of the temperature spectrum line is the length from the detected point on the optical fiber to the end point of the optical fiber, and the vertical axis is the temperature; the horizontal axis of the pressure spectrum line is the length from the detected point on the optical fiber to the end point of the optical fiber, and the vertical axis is the pressure.

[0036] Furthermore, the sediment thickness is the length corresponding to the horizontal axis of the spectrum divided by sin(90°-α); where α is the angle between the support and the horizontal plane.

[0037] The above working principle is further explained: for each point (leg), the final temperature spectrum corresponding to each detection time is represented by the temperature spectrum of the external sensing optical fiber 5 minus the temperature spectrum of the internal sensing optical fiber 12 (this subtraction can remove the noise caused by the water temperature). The final pressure spectrum corresponding to each detection time is represented by the pressure spectrum of the external sensing optical fiber 5. After each detection, there will be an obvious change point on the horizontal axis (length axis) of the final temperature spectrum, and the temperatures corresponding to the points on the left and right of this point will change significantly. If the length corresponding to this point is l0, it can be considered that the siltation depth corresponding to this detection time is l0 / sin(90°-α). The same work is done at the next detection time, and different siltation depth graphs corresponding to different detection times can be obtained. The horizontal axis of the graph is time and the vertical axis is depth. The graph is fitted and differentiated, and the first-order derivative is the temperature-based accumulation rate. The above work is also done for the final pressure spectrum to obtain the pressure-based accumulation rate. The temperature-based accumulation rate and the pressure-based accumulation rate are averaged to obtain the final accumulation rate.

[0038] Furthermore, the final temperature spectrum corresponding to each detection time is represented by the temperature spectrum of the external sensing optical fiber minus the temperature spectrum of the internal sensing optical fiber; the final pressure spectrum corresponding to each detection time is represented by the pressure spectrum of the external sensing optical fiber.

[0039] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0040] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement device, characterized in that: It includes a tripod organic glass bracket, a distributed optical fiber sensor, a power supply box, a light source pulse transmitter, a data real-time transmission transmitter, and a data receiving terminal; wherein the tripod organic glass bracket is placed in an irrigation canal, the distributed optical fiber sensor is installed on each leg of the tripod organic glass bracket, the light source pulse transmitter and the data real-time transmission transmitter are installed on the top of the tripod organic glass bracket, the power supply box is placed on the shore, the power supply box is connected to the light source pulse transmitter and the data real-time transmission transmitter, and the data receiving terminal is used to receive field monitoring data; The tripod organic glass support comprises three glass legs and a connector, each of the glass legs is made of polymethyl methacrylate, and the connector is provided with a leg angle adjuster for adjusting the angle between the glass legs and the central axis; The spatial distribution of sediment and its temporal variation along the optical fiber transmission path are collected in real time by distributed optical fiber sensors to obtain temperature and pressure spectra, and the sediment deposition thickness is obtained based on the temperature and pressure spectra.

2. The distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The glass support foot is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the bottom of the cylinder is sealed with a glass fiber membrane.

3. The distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply box is a solar power supply box, which includes a solar panel and an energy storage and voltage-stabilizing power supply; the solar panel is connected to the energy storage and voltage-stabilizing power supply.

4. The distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a data storage device, which is connected to the real-time data transmission transmitter and the distributed optical fiber sensor.

5. A distributed optical fiber irrigation channel sediment deposition rate online measurement method, characterized in that: The method of measuring the sediment deposition rate of an irrigation canal by using a distributed optical fiber online measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises the following specific steps: Distributed optical fiber sensors are used to collect information on the spatial distribution and temporal changes of sediment along the optical fiber transmission path in real time to obtain temperature and pressure spectra. The sediment deposition thickness is obtained according to the temperature spectrum and the pressure spectrum, and then the sediment deposition rate of the irrigation channel corresponding to each detection time is determined.

6. The method for online measurement of sediment deposition rate in irrigation canals using distributed optical fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the sediment is the length of the horizontal axis of the spectrum divided by ;in, is the angle between the support leg and the horizontal plane.

7. The method for online measurement of sediment deposition rate in irrigation canals using distributed optical fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The final temperature spectrum corresponding to each detection time is represented by the temperature spectrum of the external sensing optical fiber minus the temperature spectrum of the internal sensing optical fiber; the final pressure spectrum corresponding to each detection time is represented by the pressure spectrum of the external sensing optical fiber.

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