An electric cup printing quality control system and control method

Abstract

This invention discloses a printing quality control system and method for an electric mug press. The control system mainly consists of a temperature control module, a fuzzy controller, a brushless DC motor, and a microcontroller. When the electric mug press starts working, the initial temperature drops significantly due to the placement of the mugs, resulting in low ink transfer rate and poor printing quality. To address this, the control system uses an improved incremental PID fuzzy control method to adjust the motor speed and increase the pressure on the surface of the mugs in the electric mug press, thereby improving the ink transfer rate and printing quality. Compared to traditional motor control methods that rely on limit switches, this invention offers higher control precision and stronger real-time performance, achieving better control and printing results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric mug press machines, and more specifically to a printing quality control system and control method for an electric mug press machine. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous influx of heat transfer technology, it has begun to be widely used in various industries, and consumers are increasingly fond of it. More and more clothes, cups, hats, and other items are being printed with heat transfer, greatly enhancing our aesthetic appreciation. However, some shortcomings in print quality still exist. Against this backdrop, research on the print quality of heat transfer technology is urgently needed.

[0003] 1) Prior art related to this invention:

[0004] Existing technology and its disadvantages: Limit switch control method;

[0005] In the current heat transfer printing industry, the main control method for electric mug presses is to directly control the motor by adding limit switches to the motor position, without considering any other reference factors. While this method can still complete the printing process, it is not ideal in terms of ink transfer rate control and printing efficiency. This is because the temperature drops significantly in the initial period after the mugs are placed in the press, affecting the printing quality. This invention abandons the limit switch control method and instead expands the temperature variation range of the electric mug press, sets parameter rules, and adjusts the input domain of fuzzy control to adjust the motor in real time, thereby achieving better printing results.

[0006] 2) Prior art related to this invention:

[0007] Existing technology and its disadvantages: a method of timing rotation speed plus limit switch;

[0008] To achieve precise control of electric mug presses, some manufacturers use a method that combines motor speed timing with limit switches. This method uses a timer to control the motor speed, achieving precise pressure control, and then employs limit switches for dual control. Verification has shown that this method is similar to existing technologies in its performance and can also complete the printing process; however, the printing quality is not as ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to solve the aforementioned research on motor control and proposes a printing quality control method for an electric mug press. This control system can adjust the range of fuzzy rules based on the real-time temperature changes during mug press operation. By adjusting the range of fuzzy rules according to temperature variations, it can control the brushless DC motor in real time, resulting in more precise and effective motor control and significantly improving the printing quality of the electric mug press.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0011] An electric mug printing quality control system includes a temperature control module, a motor drive module, a microcontroller, limit switches, and a fuzzy controller.

[0012] The temperature control module is used to collect the surface temperature of the mug mat when the electric mug roaster is working.

[0013] The motor drive module is used to adjust the printing pressure of the electric mug press.

[0014] The microcontroller is used for the control of the main system;

[0015] The limit switch is used to control the maximum pressure limit value of the motor;

[0016] The fuzzy controller is used to control the brushless DC motor, enabling it to rotate forward and backward, and adjust its speed.

[0017] Furthermore, the temperature control module uses an NTC thermistor as the sensing element.

[0018] Furthermore, the microcontroller used is an STM32F103RCT6.

[0019] Furthermore, the forward and reverse rotation of the brushless DC motor is regulated by two relays that respectively turn on two transistors.

[0020] Furthermore, the temperature control module collects temperature data every 50ms.

[0021] A method for printing quality control of an electric mug press includes the following steps:

[0022] 1) The difference between the real-time temperature detected by the temperature control module and the system set temperature is used as the input variable of the fuzzy controller to obtain the temperature difference TE, which varies in the range of [0-60].

[0023] 2) Determine the universes of discourse for the initial input and output variables of the system. The universe of discourse for temperature error TE is {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3}, the universe of discourse for the rate of change of temperature error is {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3}, and the universe of discourse for the output of the motor is {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3}. The linguistic variables for fuzzy control are composed of {NB,NM,NS,ZO,PS,PM,PB}.

[0024] 3) Determine the membership function of the system. The temperature input variable and the motor output variable are determined using the triangular membership function method;

[0025] 4) Establish a fuzzy rule control table;

[0026] The fuzzy rules are as follows:

[0027] The greater the temperature difference, the greater the number of rotations; a moderate temperature difference results in a moderate number of rotations; and a smaller temperature difference results in a smaller number of rotations. For example, if the current temperature difference is 56 degrees Celsius, which is a relatively high temperature range, then the corresponding number of rotations of the output motor will increase accordingly; similarly, the number of rotations will decrease.

[0028] 5) Defuzzification is performed using the centroid method to defuzzify the system. The calculation formula is shown below:

[0029]

[0030] Where, μ(u j ) represents the weighting coefficients for membership, t = 1, 2, ..., n; u represents each element in the universe of discourse.

[0031] 6) Define the temperature change range data [0-60], with 10 as the dividing line, and store the array [1-6] in the microcontroller as the adjustment parameter and calculate with the original domain of the system; if the difference between the current working temperature and the set temperature is 23 degrees Celsius, take the 3 in the corresponding array as the parameter to adjust the original domain of the system.

[0032] 7) Take the temperature difference TE obtained in step 1) within the defined range according to the boundary line requirements, extract the temperature change data at this moment, and send it to the fuzzy controller for parameter adjustment;

[0033] 8) The temperature change range data is sequentially accumulated with the temperature error domain in the fuzzy controller to obtain a new domain range, which is used to determine the number of rotations of the brushless DC motor, realize the control of the brushless DC motor and the real-time control of the temperature change range, and achieve better printing control.

[0034] Furthermore, the brushless DC motor rotation control uses the previously determined new domain of discourse for K in PID control.p K i K d The adjustment is used to control the number of rotations of the brushless DC motor, thereby adjusting the pressure on the surface of the cups in the electric mug press.

[0035] The PID control uses incremental PID control, and the PID control calculation formula is shown below:

[0036] Δu(k)=K p *Δe(k)+K i e(k)+K d [Δe(k)-Δe(k-1)]

[0037] Δe(k) is the deviation value at this moment, Δe(k-1) is the deviation at the previous time, and K P K is the proportionality coefficient. i K is the integral coefficient. d Here are the differential coefficients, and Δu(k) is the output quantity.

[0038] Compared with existing brushless DC motor control technology based on fuzzy control, the advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0039] This invention does not use the signals from traditional motor feedback—speed and current—but instead uses the temperature change within the product itself as the input variable. It can automatically obtain and adjust the motor parameters by combining temperature and pressure conditions, thereby achieving better printing results. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a control system diagram of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a membership function distribution diagram of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the forward and reverse control principle of the brushless DC motor of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical features and advantages of the present invention, as described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, will be explained in more detail.

[0044] This invention is applied to the control system of an electric mug press, primarily focusing on the design of a brushless DC motor control system and proposing improvements to its adaptive fuzzy control. It proposes a method that uses the temperature difference during the actual heating process as input to adjust the real-time range of the domain of the fuzzy control rules. By adjusting the range of the domain of the domain in real time according to the temperature change range, the motor's rotational operating state is adjusted, thereby achieving better printing quality in the electric mug press. This invention combines temperature change parameters with motor control for adjustment, providing a control method for electric mug presses with excellent printing results.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, an electric mug printing quality control system includes a temperature control unit, a motor drive module, a microcontroller, limit switches, and a fuzzy controller.

[0046] The temperature control module uses an NTC thermistor as the sensing element for temperature acquisition.

[0047] The motor controls clamp the coaster to the cup, applying pressure for better pattern transfer.

[0048] The microcontroller uses the STM32F103RCT6 chip for output control.

[0049] Limit switches are used to limit the extreme positions at which the cup mat clamps the cup.

[0050] The fuzzy controller employs adaptive fuzzy control, adjusting the input variable parameters in real time based on the temperature change range.

[0051] In this invention, the temperature control system module employs conventional PID control to achieve precise temperature control of the entire device, laying a foundation for the transfer of patterns and providing accurate parameter changes for subsequent motor control. Specific details are not described here.

[0052] The NTC thermistor mentioned above calculates the temperature difference T by detecting the surface temperature of the mug mat during the operation of the electric mug press and comparing it with the system's set temperature. E Its range is [0-60].

[0053] The input parameters of the motor system are changed. By changing the input parameters of the motor control system, the motor speed controlled by the system is changed to the range of temperature difference variation.

[0054] Determine the universe of discourse for the initial input and output variables of the system, where the temperature error T EThe universe of discourse for the fuzzy control is {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3}, the universe of discourse for the temperature error rate of change is {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3}, and the universe of discourse for the motor output is {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3}. The linguistic variables for the fuzzy control are composed of {NB,NM,NS,ZO,PS,PM,PB}.

[0055] The membership functions of the system are determined using a triangular membership function method for the temperature input variable and the motor output variable. For example... Figure 2 As shown.

[0056] Establish a fuzzy rule control table, as shown in the table below.

[0057]

[0058] To perform defuzzification, the centroid method is used to defuzzify the system. Its calculation formula is shown below:

[0059]

[0060] The temperature variation range [0-60] is defined, with 10 as the dividing line. An array [1-6] is defined and stored in the microcontroller as an adjustment parameter for calculation with the system's original domain. The difference data T from previous temperature measurements is then used. E Compare with the defined range; extract the temperature change data at this moment and send it to the fuzzy controller for parameter adjustment.

[0061] The temperature change range data is sequentially accumulated with the temperature error domain in the fuzzy controller to obtain a new domain range, which is used to determine the number of rotations of the brushless DC motor.

[0062] The hardware diagram for brushless DC motor control is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0063] The brushless DC motor effectively controls the forward and reverse rotation of the motor through two relays.

[0064] Relay 1 and relay 2 respectively control the forward and reverse rotation of the brushless DC motor, and the forward and reverse rotation of the motor is achieved by turning on the transistor.

[0065] The motor speed is controlled by adjusting the PWM duty cycle through PID control to adjust the speed of the brushless DC motor, thereby adjusting the surface pressure of the cups in the electric mug press.

[0066] PID control employs incremental PID control, a method that can effectively control output parameters with relatively small error amounts, thereby achieving a better control effect.

[0067] The PID control calculation formula is shown below:

[0068] Δu(k)=K p *Δe(k)+K i e(k)+K d [Δe(k)-Δe(k-1)]

[0069] The specific process of the control system for an electric mug press is as follows:

[0070] The electric mug roasting machine's mug roasting process, which employs printing quality control methods, can be broken down into the following steps:

[0071] Step 1) Heating:

[0072] The control system powers on the equipment and heats it to the system's set temperature, at which point the preparation work is complete.

[0073] Step 2) Motor rotates forward:

[0074] When the electric mug press senses a mug being placed in via a position limit switch, the microcontroller controls the motor to start rotating forward. By adjusting transistor Q4 to conduct, relay 1 is energized; by adjusting transistor Q3 to cut off, relay 2 is de-energized, causing the motor to rotate forward and clamp the mug press mat to hold the placed mug, thus starting the machine's operation.

[0075] Step 3) Parameter adjustment:

[0076] After the motor starts working, the temperature drops significantly because the cup warmer comes into direct contact with the surface of the cold cup. The temperature difference is compared with the defined array data, and the motor is controlled by adjusting the domain of discourse of the fuzzy controller in real time.

[0077] Since the temperature difference is large when the cup is first placed in it, it is necessary to repeat step 2) to rotate the motor in the forward direction and increase the pressure on the cup.

[0078] After a period of time, when the temperature reaches the set temperature, the temperature difference is essentially zero or even negative. After data adjustment, fuzzy control is used to reverse the motor, reducing the pressure on the cup.

[0079] Step 4) Reverse the motor:

[0080] By adjusting transistor Q4 to cut off, relay 1 is de-energized; by adjusting transistor Q3 to turn on, relay 2 is energized, driving the motor to reverse, causing the mug mat to slightly loosen the mug and start working.

[0081] During the calculation of the difference range, temperature data acquisition and calculation should not be performed too rapidly to avoid situations where new data is generated before the program has finished executing. The calculation cycle is controlled by a microcontroller, with temperature data acquisition and calculation performed every 50ms.

[0082] After one printing cycle is completed, proceed to step 4) to loosen the cups from the mugs, completing one printing job with the electric mug press. Remove the cups from the equipment and repeat the cycle.

[0083] This invention proposes a novel control method by combining the temperature variation range of an electric mug press with the control of a DC brushless motor. This method can adjust the forward and reverse rotation of the motor in real time according to the temperature variation range of the mug press surface during the printing process, thereby adjusting the pressure on the mug surface and achieving better printing results.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is merely illustrative. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A printing quality control method for an electric mug press, characterized by the following features: The control system includes a temperature control module, a motor drive module, a microcontroller, limit switches, and a fuzzy controller; The temperature control module is used to collect the surface temperature of the mug mat when the electric mug roaster is working. The motor drive module is used to adjust the printing pressure of the electric mug press. The microcontroller is used for the control of the main system; The limit switch is used to control the maximum pressure limit value of the motor; The fuzzy controller is used to control the brushless DC motor, enabling it to rotate forward and backward, and adjust its speed. The control method includes the following steps: 1) The difference between the real-time temperature detected by the temperature control module and the system set temperature is used as the input variable of the fuzzy controller to obtain the temperature difference TE, which varies in the range of [0-60]. 2) Determine the universes of discourse for the initial input and output variables of the system. The universe of discourse for temperature error TE is {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3}, the universe of discourse for the rate of change of temperature error is {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3}, and the universe of discourse for the output of the motor is {-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3}. The linguistic variables for fuzzy control are composed of {NB,NM,NS,ZO,PS,PM,PB}. 3) Determine the membership function of the system, where the temperature input variable and the motor output variable adopt the triangular membership function method; 4) Establish a fuzzy rule control table; The fuzzy rules are as follows: The greater the temperature difference, the more rotations are required; a moderate temperature difference results in a moderate number of rotations; and a smaller temperature difference results in a smaller number of rotations. 5) Defuzzification is performed using the centroid method, and its calculation formula is shown below: Where, μ(u j ) represents the weighting coefficients for membership, t = 1, 2, ..., n; u represents each element in the universe of discourse; 6) Define the temperature change range data [0-60], with 10 as the dividing line, and store the array [1-6] in the microcontroller as the adjustment parameter and calculate with the original universe of discourse of the system; 7) Take the temperature difference TE obtained in step 1) within the defined range according to the boundary line requirements, extract the temperature change data at this moment, and send it to the fuzzy controller for parameter adjustment; 8) The temperature change range data and the temperature error domain in the fuzzy controller are successively accumulated to obtain a new domain range, which is used to control the determination of the number of rotations of the brushless DC motor, realize the control of the brushless DC motor and the real-time control of the temperature change range, and achieve better printing control. The brushless DC motor rotation control uses the previously determined new domain of discourse for K in PID control. p K i K d The adjustment is used to control the number of rotations of the brushless DC motor, thereby adjusting the pressure on the surface of the cups in the electric mug press. The PID control uses incremental PID control, and the PID control calculation formula is shown below: Δu(k)=K p *Δe(k)+K i e(k)+K d [Δe(k)-Δe(k-1)] Δe(k) is the deviation value at this moment, Δe(k-1) is the deviation at the previous time, and K P K is the proportionality coefficient. i K is the integral coefficient. d Here are the differential coefficients, and Δu(k) is the output quantity.

2. The printing quality control method for an electric mug press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control module uses an NTC thermistor as the sensing element.

3. The printing quality control method for an electric mug press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller used is an STM32F103RCT6.

4. The printing quality control method for an electric mug press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forward and reverse rotation of the brushless DC motor is regulated by two relays that turn on two transistors respectively.

5. The printing quality control method for an electric mug press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control module collects temperature data every 50ms.

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