A lightweight self-locking opening and closing cover plate structure with a large angle

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of rail vehicles and relates to a lightweight self-locking large-angle opening and closing cover plate structure. The cover plate structure includes a cover plate, a chute, and a link-type hinge. Among them, the chute is fixed inside the cover plate, and the link-type hinge includes a first mounting seat, a second mounting seat, a main lifting arm, an auxiliary lifting arm, a main rotating rod, and a secondary rotating rod. The first mounting seat is fixedly installed on the vehicle body, the second mounting seat is fixedly installed on the chute, the upper ends of the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm are hinged to the first mounting seat, the upper ends of the main rotating rod and the secondary rotating rod are hinged to the second mounting seat, the lower end of the main lifting arm is hinged to the lower end of the secondary rotating rod, the lower end of the auxiliary lifting arm is hinged to the lower end of the main rotating rod, and the main rotating rod is hinged to the main lifting arm, so that the link-type hinge forms two quadrilateral structures. This cover plate structure is lightweight, has strong anti-impact load capacity, and can achieve a larger opening angle (120 degrees), increasing the maintenance space and improving the maintenance efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rail vehicles and relates to a lightweight self-locking large-angle opening and closing cover plate structure. Background Art

[0002] In existing rail vehicles, in order to cover the undercarriage equipment area to improve the overall aesthetics and the aerodynamic performance of the vehicle, a lower cover structure is usually installed below the chassis side beam, such as the undercarriage equipment compartment in high-speed trains and the skirt under low-floor light rail vehicles.

[0003] Currently, most undercarriage covers adopt a single-axis flip structure. Figure 1 , Figure 2 This structure is simple and stable, and can be used in most areas with a small opening angle. However, due to the need for undercarriage equipment maintenance space in some models, higher requirements are placed on the opening angle of the skirt plate. The current structure uses metal materials, which is heavy and has a maximum opening angle of only 95 degrees. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a lightweight lower cover plate structure with a larger opening angle. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightweight, self-locking, large-angle opening and closing cover plate structure. The cover plate structure is light in weight and has strong impact load resistance. The opening angle can be increased to 120 degrees, which can achieve a larger opening angle, increase maintenance space, and improve maintenance efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A lightweight, self-locking, large-angle opening and closing cover plate structure, the cover plate structure comprises a cover plate, a slide groove, and a connecting rod hinge; wherein the cover plate is a composite material cover plate, the slide groove is pre-embedded in the composite material cover plate and bonded to the composite material cover plate as a whole, and the slide groove is arranged along the direction of the vehicle length; the connecting rod hinge comprises a first mounting seat, a second mounting seat, a main boom, an auxiliary boom, a main rotating rod, and a secondary rotating rod; the first mounting seat is mounted and fixed on the vehicle body, the second mounting seat is mounted and fixed on the slide groove, the upper ends of the main boom and the auxiliary boom are hinged to the first mounting seat, the upper ends of the main rotating rod and the secondary rotating rod are hinged to the second mounting seat, the main rotating rod and the main boom are cross-arranged, and a hinge point is provided at the intersection, the lower end of the main boom is hinged to the lower end of the secondary rotating rod, and the lower end of the auxiliary boom is hinged to the lower end of the main rotating rod, so that the connecting rod hinge forms two quadrilateral structures;

[0007] The included angle range between the main lifting arm and the first mounting seat is controlled between 70 degrees and 190 degrees, the included angle range between the auxiliary lifting arm and the main rotating rod is controlled between 16 degrees and 70 degrees, the included angle range between the main rotating rod and the main lifting arm is controlled between 17 degrees and 100 degrees, and the included angle range between the auxiliary rotating rod and the second fixed seat is controlled between 45 degrees and 145 degrees;

[0008] A cantilever fixed clamping seat is arranged on the first mounting seat, a spring buckle is arranged on the cantilever fixed clamping seat, and a fixed tongue is arranged on the second mounting seat at a position opposite to the spring buckle of the cantilever fixed clamping seat. When the cover plate is closed to the correct position, the fixed tongue and the spring buckle are locked.

[0009] As a preference of the present invention, the cover plate structure further includes a rotary fixed lock, and the rotary fixed lock is installed inside the cover plate and near both ends of the cover plate.

[0010] As a preference of the present invention, the cover plate structure further includes a support rod. The support rod is fixed inside the cover plate through a limit buckle. One end of the support rod is a connection end, and the other end is a free end. The connection end of the support rod is installed inside the cover plate, and the free end of the support rod is used to insert into the process hole of the vehicle body lock seat after the cover plate is opened.

[0011] As a preference of the present invention, the first mounting seat includes a first bottom plate and a first vertical plate installed on the first bottom plate. The first bottom plate is installed on the vehicle body through bolts. The upper ends of the main lifting arm and the auxiliary lifting arm are hinged to the first vertical plate. The second mounting seat includes a second bottom plate and a second vertical plate installed on the second bottom plate. The second bottom plate is installed on the sliding groove through bolts. The upper ends of the main rotating rod and the auxiliary rotating rod are hinged to the second vertical plate; the included angle range between the main lifting arm and the first bottom plate is controlled between 70 degrees and 190 degrees, and the included angle range between the auxiliary rotating rod and the second bottom plate is controlled between 45 degrees and 145 degrees.

[0012] As a preference of the present invention, the cross section of the sliding groove is an inverted T-shaped structure, and the link hinge and the sliding groove are fixed through a T-shaped bolt.

[0013] As a further preference of the present invention, the cantilever fixed clamping seat is installed and fixed on the first bottom plate of the first mounting seat through a connecting frame, and the fixed tongue is installed on the second bottom plate of the second mounting seat.

[0014] Advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0015] (1) The cover plate structure provided by the present invention is matched with a new type of connecting rod hinge. The connecting rod hinge is composed of a main boom, an auxiliary boom, a main rotating rod, and a secondary rotating rod to form a four-link structure. The two ends of the structure are respectively hinged to the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat; wherein, a cross is adopted between the main boom and the main rotating rod, and a hinge point is set in the middle; the upper right half of the cross forms a first quadrilateral module with the auxiliary boom and the first mounting seat; at the same time, the lower left half of the cross forms a second quadrilateral module with the secondary rotating rod and the second mounting seat, which can realize multi-piece related superimposed motion, translation and rotation compound motion; after the cover plate is installed with a new type of connecting rod hinge, the opening angle of the cover plate structure can be increased to 120 degrees, realizing a larger opening angle, which fully meets the maintenance needs of the undercarriage equipment.

[0016] (2) The cover plate structure provided by the present invention uses a composite material cover plate as the main structure, and has a continuous slide groove embedded inside. Through the design of a lightweight composite plate, the overall weight of the cover plate structure can be effectively controlled. The embedded slide groove inside can not only improve the rigidity of the composite material cover plate and resist impact loads, but also realize the adjustment of the hinge position.

[0017] (3) The connecting rod hinge structure adopted by the present invention improves the rotation mode of the ordinary fixed single-axis hinge into a multi-axis variable-trajectory movement form, changes the original single-direction movement law, increases the degree of freedom of the moving parts, and realizes various movement trajectories at different points on the connecting joint. While achieving the maximum turning angle, it effectively avoids interference between the cover plate and the vehicle body during rotation.

[0018] (4) The connecting rod hinge of the present invention is equipped with a self-locking structure. A ball spring buckle is added to the first mounting seat of the hinge, and a latch tongue is added to the second mounting seat of the hinge. When the cover is in the closed state, the latch tongue and the buckle are locked, which can limit the hinge and effectively compensate for the problem of loose hinge folding, thereby ensuring the stability of the vehicle during operation.

[0019] (5) A support rod is installed in the cover plate structure provided by the present invention. After the cover plate structure is opened, the free end of the support rod can be inserted into a plurality of process holes of different heights of the vehicle body lock seat. The process holes of different heights can ensure the requirements of different opening angles of the cover plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the existing cover plate structure;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cover plate structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the installation of the connecting rod hinge of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 4 partial enlarged view of;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the opening process of the cover plate structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the installation of the cantilever fixed card seat of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection between the fixed tongue and the spring buckle on the connecting rod hinge of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the support rod inserted into the process hole after the cover plate structure of the present invention is opened;

[0029] Reference numerals: cover plate 1, chute 2, rotary fixing lock 3, connecting rod hinge 4, support rod 5, limit buckle 6, vehicle body lock seat 7, T-shaped bolt 8, vehicle body 9, connecting frame 10, rotary lock tongue 301, first mounting seat 401, second mounting seat 402, main lifting arm 403, auxiliary lifting arm 404, main rotating rod 405, auxiliary rotating rod 406, cantilever fixed card seat 407, spring buckle 408, fixed tongue 409, process hole 701, first bottom plate 4011, first vertical plate 4012, second bottom plate 4021, second vertical plate 4022. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0031] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "inside", "below", etc. is: based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] As Figures 3 to 9 shown, the present invention provides a lightweight self-locking large-angle opening and closing cover plate structure, including a cover plate 1, a chute 2, a rotary fixed lock 3, a link hinge 4, and a support rod 5; wherein, the cover plate 1 is a composite material cover plate, the chute 2 is fixed inside the cover plate 1, the chute 2 is arranged along the vehicle length direction, the chute 2 is embedded inside the composite material cover plate and bonded with the composite material cover plate as a whole. The chute 2 can not only improve the stiffness of the composite material cover plate 1 and resist impact loads, but also provide an installation slideway for the link hinge 4;

[0034] The rotary fixed lock 3 is installed inside the cover plate 1 and near both ends of the cover plate. The rotary fixed lock 3 needs to be installed before the cover plate is loaded onto the vehicle. As a limiting mechanism between the cover plate and the vehicle body, when the cover plate is in the closed state, the rotary lock tongue 301 on the rotary fixed lock 3 presses on the vehicle body lock seat 7 to limit the opening of the cover plate. After installing the rotary fixed lock 3, it can prevent being opened artificially or accidentally;

[0035] The link hinge 4 includes a first mounting seat 401, a second mounting seat 402, a main lifting arm 403, an auxiliary lifting arm 404, a main rotating rod 405, and a secondary rotating rod 406; the first mounting seat 401 is fixedly installed on the vehicle body 9, the second mounting seat 402 is fixedly installed on the chute 2, the upper ends of the main lifting arm 403 and the auxiliary lifting arm 404 are hinged to the first mounting seat 401, the upper ends of the main rotating rod 405 and the secondary rotating rod 406 are hinged to the second mounting seat 402, the main rotating rod 405 and the main lifting arm 403 are arranged in a cross shape and there is a hinge point at the intersection, the lower end of the main lifting arm 403 is hinged to the lower end of the secondary rotating rod 406, and the lower end of the auxiliary lifting arm 404 is hinged to the lower end of the main rotating rod 405, so that the link hinge 4 forms two quadrilateral structures;

[0036] An overhanging fixed clamping seat 407 is arranged on the first mounting seat 401, a spring buckle 408 with adjustable tightness is arranged on the overhanging fixed clamping seat 407, and a fixed tongue 409 is arranged on the second mounting seat 402 at a position opposite to the spring buckle 408 of the overhanging fixed clamping seat. When the cover plate 1 is closed to the correct position state, the fixed tongue 409 and the spring buckle 408 are locked to prevent the link hinge 4 from loosening and ensure the stability during vehicle operation;

[0037] The support rod 5 is fixed to the inner side of the cover plate 1 through a limit buckle 6. One end of the support rod 5 is a connection end, and the other end is a free end. The connection end of the support rod 5 is installed on the inner side of the cover plate 1, and the free end of the support rod 5 is used to insert into the process hole 701 of the vehicle body lock seat 7 after the cover plate is opened; the process holes 701 of the vehicle body lock seat are multiple process holes with different heights, and the process holes with different heights can meet the requirements of different opening angles of the cover plate.

[0038] Further, the first mounting seat 401 includes a first bottom plate 4011 and a first vertical plate 4012 mounted on the first bottom plate. The first bottom plate 4011 is mounted on the vehicle body by bolts. The upper ends of the main lifting arm 403 and the auxiliary lifting arm 404 are hinged to the first vertical plate 4012. The second mounting seat 402 includes a second bottom plate 4021 and a second vertical plate 4022 mounted on the second bottom plate. The second bottom plate 4021 is mounted on the chute 2 by bolts. The upper ends of the main rotating rod 405 and the auxiliary rotating rod 406 are hinged to the second vertical plate 4022; the cantilever fixed clamping seat 407 is fixedly mounted on the first bottom plate 4011 through a connecting frame 10, and the fixed clamping tongue 409 is mounted on the second bottom plate 4021;

[0039] The included angle range between the main lifting arm 403 and the first bottom plate 4011 of the first mounting seat is controlled between 70 degrees and 190 degrees. The included angle range between the auxiliary lifting arm 404 and the main rotating rod 405 is controlled between 16 degrees and 70 degrees. The included angle range between the main rotating rod 405 and the main lifting arm 403 is controlled between 17 degrees and 100 degrees. The included angle range between the auxiliary rotating rod 406 and the second bottom plate 4021 of the second fixed seat is controlled between 45 degrees and 145 degrees.

[0040] Further, the cross-section of the chute 2 is an inverted T-shaped structure, and the second mounting seat 402 of the link hinge is fixed to the chute 2 through a T-shaped bolt 8.

[0041] The core of the cover plate structure of the present invention to achieve a larger opening angle lies in the adoption of a link-type hinge. The link-type hinge is mainly designed by applying the principle of a variable quadrilateral mechanism, which can achieve multi-component associated superposition motion, translational and rotational compound motion. Assuming that the cover plate 1 is opened in the clockwise direction, the main boom also rotates in the clockwise direction. Since the first mounting seat is fixed on the vehicle body and does not move, the angle between the main boom and the first mounting seat gradually increases (through calculation and analysis in the present invention, the angle range between the main boom and the first mounting seat is controlled between 70 degrees and 190 degrees. When the main boom moves from the opening to the limit state, the maximum swing angle can reach 120 degrees). According to the principle of quadrilateral deformation, at this time, the angle between the auxiliary boom and the main rotating rod on the opposite side also gradually increases, from the initial 16 degrees to 70 degrees. Therefore, the main rotating rod will show a counterclockwise rotation trend, and the angle between the main rotating rod and the main boom gradually increases between 17 degrees and 100 degrees. Similarly, in the second quadrilateral module, the angle between the secondary rotating rod and the second fixed seat decreases within the range of 145 degrees to 45 degrees. Finally, the second fixed seat drives the cover plate to rotate clockwise and pushes the cover plate outwards to gradually open. Under the superposition of the simultaneous clockwise movement of the main boom and the second fixed seat, along with the deformation of the quadrilateral, the opening angle of the cover plate reaches the maximum. The schematic diagram of the entire process when the cover plate is opened is as shown in Figure 6 shown.

[0042] After the present invention adopts the link-type hinge 4, the maximum opening angle of the cover plate (skirt plate) can reach 120 degrees, fully meeting the need for maintenance of the equipment under the vehicle; when the cover plate is opened, the limit buckle 6 between the opening support rod 5 and the cover plate 1 is opened, and the free end of the support rod 5 can be inserted into the process hole 701 of the vehicle body lock seat 7.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight self-locking large-angle opening and closing cover plate structure, characterized in that, The cover plate structure includes a cover plate, a chute, and a link hinge; wherein, the cover plate is a composite material cover plate, the chute is embedded inside the composite material cover plate and bonded to the composite material cover plate as a whole, and the chute is arranged along the vehicle length direction; the link hinge includes a first mounting seat, a second mounting seat, a main boom, an auxiliary boom, a main rotating rod, and a secondary rotating rod; the first mounting seat is fixedly installed on the vehicle body, the second mounting seat is fixedly installed on the chute, the upper ends of the main boom and the auxiliary boom are hinged to the first mounting seat, the upper ends of the main rotating rod and the secondary rotating rod are hinged to the second mounting seat, the main rotating rod and the main boom are arranged in a cross shape and there is a hinge point at the intersection, the lower end of the main boom is hinged to the lower end of the secondary rotating rod, and the lower end of the auxiliary boom is hinged to the lower end of the main rotating rod, so that the link hinge forms two quadrilateral structures; the included angle range between the main boom and the first mounting seat is controlled between 70 degrees and 190 degrees, the included angle range between the auxiliary boom and the main rotating rod is controlled between 16 degrees and 70 degrees, the included angle range between the main rotating rod and the main boom is controlled between 17 degrees and 100 degrees, and the included angle range between the secondary rotating rod and the second fixed seat is controlled between 45 degrees and 145 degrees; a cantilever fixed clamp seat is arranged on the first mounting seat, a spring buckle is arranged on the cantilever fixed clamp seat, and a fixed tongue is arranged on the second mounting seat at a position opposite to the spring buckle of the cantilever fixed clamp seat. When the cover plate is closed to the correct position, the fixed tongue and the spring buckle are locked together; The first mounting seat includes a first bottom plate and a first vertical plate installed on the first bottom plate. The first bottom plate is installed on the vehicle body by bolts. The upper ends of the main boom and the auxiliary boom are hinged to the first vertical plate. The second mounting seat includes a second bottom plate and a second vertical plate installed on the second bottom plate. The second bottom plate is installed on the chute by bolts. The upper ends of the main rotating rod and the secondary rotating rod are hinged to the second vertical plate; the included angle range between the main boom and the first bottom plate is controlled between 70 degrees and 190 degrees, and the included angle range between the secondary rotating rod and the second bottom plate is controlled between 45 degrees and 145 degrees; The cross section of the chute is an inverted T-shaped structure, and the link hinge and the chute are fixed by a T-shaped bolt; The cantilever fixed clamp seat is installed and fixed on the first bottom plate of the first mounting seat through a connecting frame, and the fixed tongue is installed on the second bottom plate of the second mounting seat.

2. The lightweight self-locking large-angle opening and closing cover plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The cover plate structure further includes a rotary fixed lock, and the rotary fixed lock is installed on the inner side of the cover plate and near both ends of the cover plate.

3. A lightweight self-locking large-angle opening and closing cover plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate structure further includes a support rod. The support rod is fixed to the inner side of the cover plate through a limit buckle. One end of the support rod is a connection end, and the other end is a free end. The connection end of the support rod is installed on the inner side of the cover plate, and the free end of the support rod is used to insert into the process hole of the vehicle body lock seat after the cover plate is opened.

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