High-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device, method and liquid nitrogen filling device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device, method and liquid nitrogen perfusion device, wherein the high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device includes a liquid nitrogen tank containing liquid nitrogen, the liquid nitrogen is used to heat sink the current lead of the superconducting magnet; the superconducting magnet includes a vacuum box, a superconducting coil and a current lead, the superconducting coil is placed in the vacuum box, the main body of the liquid nitrogen tank is placed in the vacuum box, the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the liquid nitrogen tank are both extended outside the vacuum box, one end of the current lead extends outside the vacuum box for connection with a power supply, the other end of the current lead passes through the liquid nitrogen tank and is connected to the superconducting coil, and the main body of the current lead is placed in the liquid nitrogen tank; the liquid nitrogen tank is also provided with a liquid level detector for detecting the height of the liquid nitrogen and a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the liquid nitrogen. During the excitation process, when the power supply is turned on and the current lead is heated and heated, the heating rate of the superconducting coil is greatly slowed down, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the superconducting coil quenching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of high-temperature superconducting technology, and in particular to a high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device, method and liquid nitrogen perfusion device. Background Art

[0002] After the high-temperature superconducting magnet cools down and enters a steady state, it needs to be excited. The excitation of the magnet requires an external current lead to form a closed loop with the magnet's superconducting coil. During the process of continuous high current excitation, the heating of the current lead will cause the temperature of the magnet to rise, which will greatly reduce the excitation efficiency. At the same time, excessive temperature rise may cause local quenching of the magnet's superconducting coil, resulting in rapid decay of the magnetic field and inability to excite to the target magnetic field. In severe cases, irreversible quenching will occur, that is, the magnet's superconducting coil will be damaged, resulting in large economic losses.

[0003] Therefore, how to slow down the temperature rise rate of high-temperature superconducting magnets, thereby effectively reducing the probability of superconducting magnet quenching, is a technical problem that those skilled in the art urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device, which can slow down the temperature rise rate of the high-temperature superconducting magnet, thereby effectively reducing the probability of superconducting magnet quenching.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device comprises a liquid nitrogen tank containing liquid nitrogen, wherein the liquid nitrogen is used to heat sink the current lead of the superconducting magnet;

[0007] The superconducting magnet includes a vacuum box, a superconducting coil, and the current lead. The superconducting coil is placed in the vacuum box. The main body of the liquid nitrogen tank is placed in the vacuum box. The liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the liquid nitrogen tank both extend out of the vacuum box. One end of the current lead extends out of the vacuum box for connection to a power source. The other end of the current lead passes through the liquid nitrogen tank and is connected to the superconducting coil. The main body of the current lead is placed in the liquid nitrogen tank.

[0008] The liquid nitrogen tank is also provided with a liquid level detector for detecting the height of the liquid nitrogen and a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the liquid nitrogen.

[0009] A high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink method is applied to the high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S100: filling the liquid nitrogen tank with liquid nitrogen, controlling the height of the liquid nitrogen to a preset height value, and controlling the temperature of the liquid nitrogen to a preset temperature value;

[0011] S200: placing the current leads of the superconducting magnet in a liquid nitrogen tank for heat sinking.

[0012] A liquid nitrogen filling device is applied to the high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device as described above, characterized in that the liquid nitrogen filling device is connected to the liquid outlet;

[0013] The liquid nitrogen filling device includes a liquid storage box and a liquid infusion pipeline. The two ends of the liquid infusion pipeline are respectively connected to the liquid storage box and the liquid inlet. The liquid nitrogen can enter the liquid nitrogen tank through the liquid storage box and the liquid infusion pipeline in sequence.

[0014] Preferably, the infusion pipeline is threadedly connected or clearance-fitted with the liquid inlet.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom plate of the liquid storage box is arranged at an angle, and the first end of the bottom plate of the liquid storage box is higher than the second end of the bottom plate of the liquid storage box.

[0016] Preferably, it further comprises a first drain outlet provided on the bottom plate of the liquid storage tank, wherein the first drain outlet is provided at the second end of the bottom plate of the liquid storage tank.

[0017] Preferably, an arc-shaped protrusion is provided on the bottom plate of the liquid storage box, and a through hole for the liquid nitrogen to enter the infusion pipeline is opened on the arc-shaped protrusion;

[0018] Preferably, a groove is provided between the arc-shaped protrusion and the inner side wall of the liquid storage box, the groove is lower than the arc-shaped protrusion, and the first drain outlet is provided in the groove.

[0019] Preferably, the infusion pipeline includes a first infusion pipeline, a second infusion pipeline, and a curved connecting pipeline arranged between the first infusion pipeline and the second infusion pipeline.

[0020] Preferably, it also includes a second drain outlet arranged on the curved connecting pipeline.

[0021] As can be seen from the above technical solution, before excitation, the critical temperature group of the superconducting magnet is determined to be within a stable range. Then, liquid nitrogen is poured into the liquid nitrogen tank to heat sink the current lead in the liquid nitrogen tank. A liquid level detector is used to determine whether the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank has reached a preset height, and a temperature detector is used to determine whether the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank has reached a preset temperature. When the liquid nitrogen reaches the preset height and preset temperature, excitation of the superconducting magnet begins. During the excitation process, because the liquid nitrogen tank is placed in a vacuum chamber, the temperature of the liquid nitrogen tank is not directly transmitted to the superconducting coil. At the same time, because the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank heat sinks the current lead, when the power is turned on and the current lead heats up, the temperature rise of the superconducting coil is greatly slowed, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the superconducting coil quenching. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the liquid nitrogen perfusion device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the liquid nitrogen perfusion device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a side structural schematic diagram of a liquid nitrogen perfusion device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the liquid nitrogen perfusion device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The names of the components are as follows:

[0029] 100 is a liquid nitrogen tank, 200 is a vacuum box, 300 is a liquid inlet, 400 is a liquid outlet, 500 is a current lead, 600 is a superconducting coil, 700 is a liquid nitrogen filling device, 701 is a liquid storage box, 7011 is a first end, 7012 is a second end, 702 is an infusion pipeline, 7021 is a first infusion pipeline, 7022 is a second infusion pipeline, 7023 is a curved connecting pipeline, 703 is an arc-shaped protrusion, 704 is a first drain outlet, and 705 is a second drain outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In view of this, the core of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device, which can slow down the temperature rise rate of the high-temperature superconducting magnet and effectively reduce the probability of superconducting magnet quenching.

[0031] In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figures 1 to 5 .

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1The high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid nitrogen tank 100 for heat sinking the current lead 500 of the superconducting magnet. The superconducting magnet includes a vacuum box 200, a superconducting coil 600, and the current lead 500. The superconducting coil 500 is placed in the vacuum box 200. The main body of the liquid nitrogen tank 100 is placed in the vacuum box 200. The liquid inlet 300 and the liquid outlet 400 of the liquid nitrogen tank 100 both extend outside the vacuum box 200. One end of the current lead 500 extends outside the vacuum box 200 for connection to a power source. The other end of the current lead 500 passes through the liquid nitrogen tank 100 and is connected to the superconducting coil 600. The main body of the current lead 500 is placed in the liquid nitrogen tank 100.

[0033] Among them, the high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention is further provided with a liquid level detector for detecting the height of the liquid nitrogen and a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank 100. The liquid level detector can monitor the liquid nitrogen level in the liquid nitrogen tank 100 at all times, and the temperature detector can monitor the temperature of the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank 100 in real time. Such an arrangement can ensure that the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank 100 can be maintained within a preset height and preset temperature range.

[0034] Before excitation, the critical temperature group of the superconducting magnet is determined to be within a stable range. Liquid nitrogen is then poured into the liquid nitrogen tank 100 to heat sink the current lead 500 in the liquid nitrogen tank 100. A liquid level detector is used to determine whether the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank 100 has reached a preset height, and a temperature detector is used to determine whether the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank 100 has reached a preset temperature. When the liquid nitrogen reaches the preset height and preset temperature, excitation of the superconducting magnet is initiated. During the excitation process, since the liquid nitrogen tank 100 is placed in the vacuum chamber 200, the temperature of the liquid nitrogen tank 100 is not directly transmitted to the superconducting coil 600. At the same time, since the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank 100 heat sinks the current lead 500, when the power is turned on and the current lead 500 is heated, the heating rate of the superconducting coil 600 is greatly slowed, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the superconducting coil 600 quenching.

[0035] It should be noted that during the excitation process, the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank 100 must not be completely evaporated. The height of the liquid nitrogen must be monitored by a liquid level detector, and the temperature of the liquid nitrogen must be monitored by a temperature detector, so that the nitrogen liquid can be replenished in a timely manner.

[0036] It should be further explained that when the temperature of the critical temperature group of the superconducting coil 600 is about 30K on average, the excitation is started.

[0037] An embodiment of the present invention further discloses a method for heat sinking a high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead, which is applied to the high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device disclosed in the above embodiment, and specifically includes the following steps: S100: filling a liquid nitrogen tank with liquid nitrogen, controlling the height of the liquid nitrogen to a preset height value, and controlling the temperature of the liquid nitrogen to a preset temperature value; S200: placing the current lead of the superconducting magnet in the liquid nitrogen tank for heat sinking.

[0038] Before excitation, the critical temperature group of the superconducting magnet is determined to be within a stable temperature range. Liquid nitrogen is then poured into the liquid nitrogen tank 100 to heat sink the current lead 500 within the liquid nitrogen tank 100. A liquid level meter is used to determine whether the liquid nitrogen within the liquid nitrogen tank 100 has reached a preset height, and a temperature detector is used to determine whether the liquid nitrogen within the liquid nitrogen tank 100 has reached a preset temperature. When the liquid nitrogen reaches the preset height and preset temperature, excitation of the superconducting magnet is initiated. During the excitation process, since the liquid nitrogen tank 100 is placed within the vacuum chamber 200, the temperature of the liquid nitrogen tank 100 is not directly transmitted to the superconducting coil 600. Furthermore, since the liquid nitrogen within the liquid nitrogen tank 100 heat sinks the current lead 500, when the power is turned on and the current lead 500 is heated, the heating rate of the superconducting coil 600 is greatly slowed, thereby effectively reducing the probability of the superconducting coil 600 quenching.

[0039] It should be noted that the preset temperature value refers to the temperature of liquid nitrogen, which is about 77K.

[0040] It should be explained that not all current leads are used for heat sinking. A portion of the current leads is placed in the liquid nitrogen tank 100 for heat sinking, a portion of the remaining current leads extends out of the vacuum box 200 to be connected to the power supply, and another portion of the current leads passes through the liquid nitrogen tank 100 to be connected to the superconducting coil 600. Figures 2 to 5 The embodiment of the present invention further discloses a liquid nitrogen perfusion device 700, which is applied to a high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device.

[0041] Among them, the liquid nitrogen perfusion device 700 is connected to the liquid outlet 400, and the liquid nitrogen perfusion device 700 includes a liquid storage tank 701 and a liquid infusion pipeline 702. The two ends of the liquid infusion pipeline 702 are respectively connected to the liquid storage tank 701 and the liquid inlet 300. Liquid nitrogen can enter the liquid nitrogen tank 100 through the liquid storage tank 701 and the liquid infusion pipeline 702 in sequence.

[0042] It should be noted that the upper opening of the liquid storage tank 701 is an open structure and is in a horizontal state, and is used for filling liquid nitrogen. When filling liquid nitrogen, the liquid nitrogen enters the liquid inlet 300 from the liquid storage tank 701 through the liquid infusion pipeline 702, and enters the liquid nitrogen tank 100 from the liquid inlet 300.

[0043] The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the connection structure between the liquid nitrogen filling device 700 and the liquid inlet 300. As long as the structure meets the use requirements of the present invention, it is within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, in the liquid nitrogen perfusion device 700 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the infusion pipeline 702 and the liquid inlet 300 can be connected by threads or by clearance fit.

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the structure of the liquid storage box 701. As long as the structure meets the use requirements of the present invention, it is within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the bottom plate of the liquid storage box 701 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention is tilted, and the first end 7011 of the bottom plate of the liquid storage box 701 is higher than the second end 7012 of the bottom plate of the liquid storage box 701 .

[0047] The bottom plate of the liquid tank 701 is provided with a first drain port 704, and the first drain port 704 is provided at the second end 7012 of the bottom plate of the liquid tank 701. In this manner, the liquid nitrogen in the liquid tank 701 can be discharged through the first drain port 704.

[0048] It should be noted that an arc-shaped protrusion is provided on the bottom plate of the liquid storage box 701, and a through hole is opened on the arc-shaped protrusion for liquid nitrogen to enter the infusion pipeline 702. A groove is also provided between the arc-shaped protrusion and the inner wall of the liquid storage box 701, and the groove is lower than the arc-shaped protrusion. The first drain outlet 704 is provided in the groove.

[0049] With this setup, when liquid nitrogen is being poured, the first and second drain ports 704 and 705 must be blocked or fitted with standard drain valves. After liquid nitrogen is poured, the liquid nitrogen pouring apparatus 700 is at room temperature. Water vapor in the air cools and forms frost on the walls of the apparatus. As the temperature rises, the condensed water in the liquid tank 701 flows into the second end of the bottom plate and is discharged through the first drain port 704.

[0050] The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the infusion pipeline 702. As long as the structure meets the use requirements of the present invention, it is within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, the infusion pipeline 702 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes a first infusion pipeline 7021 , a second infusion pipeline 7022 , and a curved connecting pipeline 7023 arranged between the first infusion pipeline 7021 and the second infusion pipeline 7022 .

[0052] The curved connecting pipeline 7023 is further provided with a second drain port 705 , through which condensed water in the infusion pipeline 702 is discharged.

[0053] The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific materials of the liquid storage box 701 and the infusion pipeline 702. As long as the structures meet the use requirements of the present invention, they are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] In order to optimize the above embodiment, the liquid storage box 701 and the liquid infusion pipeline 702 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention are both made of non-magnetic or low-magnetic metal materials.

[0055] More preferably, the liquid storage box 701 and the liquid infusion pipeline 702 disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention are both made of non-magnetic or low-magnetic metal materials such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy.

[0056] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0057] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application.

[0058] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device, characterized in that: comprising a liquid nitrogen tank containing liquid nitrogen, wherein the liquid nitrogen is used to heat sink current leads of a superconducting magnet; The superconducting magnet includes a vacuum box, a superconducting coil, and the current lead. The superconducting coil is placed in the vacuum box. The main body of the liquid nitrogen tank is placed in the vacuum box. The liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the liquid nitrogen tank both extend out of the vacuum box. One end of the current lead extends out of the vacuum box for connection to a power source. The other end of the current lead passes through the liquid nitrogen tank and is connected to the superconducting coil. The main body of the current lead is placed in the liquid nitrogen tank. The liquid nitrogen tank is also provided with a liquid level detector for detecting the height of the liquid nitrogen and a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the liquid nitrogen; Before excitation, ensure that the key temperature group of the superconducting magnet is within a stable range. Then, liquid nitrogen is poured into the liquid nitrogen tank to heat sink the current lead in the liquid nitrogen tank. A liquid level detector is used to determine whether the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank has reached a preset height. A temperature detector is used to determine whether the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank has reached a preset temperature. When the liquid nitrogen reaches the preset height and preset temperature, excitation of the superconducting magnet is started to avoid quenching of the superconducting coil due to failure to meet the heat sinking conditions of the current lead. During the excitation process, the liquid nitrogen tank is placed in a vacuum box.

2. A high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink method, applied to the high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100: Filling a liquid nitrogen tank with liquid nitrogen, monitoring the liquid level of the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank in real time using a liquid level detector, monitoring the temperature of the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen tank in real time using a temperature detector, controlling the height of the liquid nitrogen to a preset height value, and controlling the temperature of the liquid nitrogen to a preset temperature value; S200: placing the current lead of the superconducting magnet in a liquid nitrogen tank for heat sinking, and when the liquid nitrogen reaches a preset height and a preset temperature, exciting the superconducting magnet.

3. A liquid nitrogen perfusion device, applied to the high-temperature superconducting excitation current lead heat sink device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid nitrogen perfusion device is connected to the liquid outlet; The liquid nitrogen filling device includes a liquid storage box and a liquid infusion pipeline. The two ends of the liquid infusion pipeline are respectively connected to the liquid storage box and the liquid inlet. The liquid nitrogen can enter the liquid nitrogen tank through the liquid storage box and the liquid infusion pipeline in sequence.

4. The liquid nitrogen perfusion device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The infusion pipeline is threadedly connected or clearance-fitted with the liquid inlet.

5. The liquid nitrogen perfusion device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the liquid storage box is tilted, and the first end of the bottom plate of the liquid storage box is higher than the second end of the bottom plate of the liquid storage box.

6. The liquid nitrogen perfusion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a first drain port arranged on the bottom plate of the liquid storage box, and the first drain port is arranged at the second end of the bottom plate of the liquid storage box.

7. The liquid nitrogen perfusion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An arc-shaped protrusion is provided on the bottom plate of the liquid storage box, and a through hole for the liquid nitrogen to enter the infusion pipeline is opened on the arc-shaped protrusion.

8. The liquid nitrogen perfusion device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A groove is further provided between the arc-shaped protrusion and the inner side wall of the liquid storage box. The groove is lower than the arc-shaped protrusion, and the first drain port is provided in the groove.

9. The liquid nitrogen perfusion device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The infusion pipeline includes a first infusion pipeline, a second infusion pipeline, and a curved connecting pipeline arranged between the first infusion pipeline and the second infusion pipeline.

10. The liquid nitrogen perfusion device according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a second drain outlet arranged on the curved connecting pipeline.

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