Waste lithium battery processing equipment and processing method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a waste lithium battery processing device and method, wherein the processing device includes a cleaning device, a discharging device, and a crushing device. The specific processing method is as follows: S1: The waste lithium battery to be processed is placed into the cleaning device through the feed port and the feed plate. The lithium battery rolls downward along the inclined surface under the action of gravity and the turning roller. The high-pressure pump pumps the cleaning liquid through the liquid distributor and the high-pressure nozzle to rinse the surface of the lithium battery; S2: The cleaned lithium battery rolls along the turning roller to the conveyor belt, which conveys the lithium battery to the discharge device for discharge; S3: The lithium battery is discharged in a saturated salt water environment with high-frequency vibration and an alternating magnetic field; S4: The lithium battery entering the crushing device is crushed by the crushing roller, and the crushed material is classified and recycled. The present invention can simultaneously perform cleaning, discharging, and crushing on lithium batteries of various models.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste lithium battery processing, and in particular to waste lithium battery processing equipment and a processing method. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries, with their advantages of minimal environmental pollution, no memory effect, and excellent electrochemical performance, have been widely used in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, power grids, and other fields. Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, considered a green energy source, typically have a service life of 3-8 years. However, with their widespread use, used lithium-ion batteries are not only causing significant solid waste pollution but also leading to a significant waste of resources.

[0003] The existing waste lithium battery processing technology generally includes processes such as cleaning, discharging, crushing, and material separation. The existing processing method generally uses one device for each process, and manual participation is required for conversion between different processes, which results in low processing efficiency and the transportation process is prone to environmental pollution. To address the above problems, the present invention provides a structural solution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waste lithium battery processing device and a processing method to improve the waste lithium battery processing efficiency.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A waste lithium battery processing equipment includes a cleaning device, a discharge device and a crushing device, wherein the cleaning device includes a high-pressure pump, a liquid distributor, a feed port, a feed plate, a turning roller, an impurity outlet, a bottom foot, a filter screen, a sewage outlet, a circulation suction head, a high-pressure nozzle and a material outlet, wherein the high-pressure pump is installed on the top of the cleaning device and is connected to the circulation suction head arranged at the bottom of the cleaning device through a pipeline. At the same time, the circulation pipeline is also connected to new cleaning liquid, which is switched by a valve. When the sewage is used for a period of time, all of it is replaced, the feed port and the impurity outlet are arranged on the left side of the cleaning device, the material outlet is arranged on the right side of the cleaning device, and the sewage outlet is arranged at the bottom of the cleaning device. There are multiple turning rollers, and multiple turning rollers are obliquely installed in the cleaning device, and the multiple turning rollers rotate counterclockwise at the same speed under the drive of the driving device. The feed port is arranged on the upper left of the multiple turning rollers, the impurity outlet is arranged on the upper left of the filter screen, and the material outlet is located at the lower right of the multiple turning rollers. A conveyor belt is provided at the material outlet position, and the upper end of the conveyor belt is located at the discharge device Above, a mesh support plate is provided inside the discharge device, the support plate including a support mesh plate and a bottom mesh plate, the support mesh plate and the bottom mesh plate being connected by a plurality of excitation springs, baffles being provided on the front and rear sides of the support mesh plate, and an excitation coil being provided inside the baffles; the bottom of the bottom mesh plate is hinged to one side of the support base via a hinge shaft, and the other side of the support base is connected to the bottom mesh plate via an elastically retractable elastic rope; an excitation coil is provided on the support base, a stainless steel block is provided at a corresponding position on the support mesh plate, and the bottom of the support base is connected to a telescopic cylinder at the bottom of the discharge device via a piston rod; a dumping stopper is provided on the right side of the discharge device, and the crushing device includes a flip inlet, a crushing roller, a first outlet, a first filter, a second filter, a second outlet, and an electrolyte outlet. The flip inlet is located on one side of the discharge device and above the dumping stopper. The crushing roller, the first filter, and the second filter are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, so that the first outlet is located at the lower end of the first filter and the second outlet is located at the lower end of the second filter; the electrolyte outlet is provided at the bottom of the crushing device.

[0007] Furthermore, the flipping structure is a number of evenly distributed flipping teeth of different heights arranged on the outside of the flipping roller, the heights of the flipping teeth are distributed in a spiral line, and the highest flipping tooth and the lowest flipping tooth on the outside of two adjacent flipping rollers 7 are staggered; at the same time, in order to ensure the flipping cleaning effect, the length of the flipping structure composed of the flipping teeth must ensure that the lithium battery rolls down for at least two weeks.

[0008] Specifically, the lithium battery on the flip roller is subjected to a downward component force F1 of gravity, an upward friction force F2 of the upper flip roller, and a downward friction force F3 of the lower flip roller. Under the action of these three forces, the lithium battery rolls along the upper surface of the flip mechanism to achieve the purpose of flipping and flushing.

[0009] Furthermore, the discharge device and the crushing device are integrally formed, which reduces the conversion between devices.

[0010] Furthermore, the liquid distributor is arranged in parallel with a plurality of tilted turning rollers, and this cleaning angle facilitates flushing of the surface of the lithium battery.

[0011] Furthermore, a filter cover for filtering impurities in water is provided on the outside of the circulating suction head, so as to recycle the cleaning liquid and avoid waste of resources.

[0012] Furthermore, the excitation coils on the baffles on the front and rear sides of the support plate are passed with sinusoidal currents. Similarly, other square currents can be passed through them. The purpose is to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cleaning device. The magnetic field can weaken the electrophoretic effect of the solution and improve the ionic conductivity of the solution.

[0013] Furthermore, the excitation coil is intermittently energized, and the power-on frequency is controlled at 50HZ~60HZ. The above setting can ensure that the lithium battery vibrates to a certain extent during the discharge process, thereby preventing crystals from precipitating on the electrode column during the discharge process of the lithium battery and coating the electrode surface, thereby affecting the discharge speed.

[0014] A method for treating waste lithium batteries, using the above-mentioned treatment equipment to treat waste batteries; the specific treatment steps include:

[0015] S1: Place the waste lithium batteries to be processed into the cleaning device through the feed port and feed plate. The lithium batteries roll downward along the slope under the action of gravity and the turning roller. The high-pressure pump pumps the cleaning liquid through the liquid distributor and high-pressure nozzle to rinse the surface of the lithium batteries. The washed impurities are filtered through the filter and discharged from the impurity outlet. The sewage is discharged from the sewage outlet or pumped back to the liquid distributor through the circulation suction head for recycling.

[0016] S2: The cleaned lithium battery rolls along the turning roller to the conveyor belt, which then sends the lithium battery to the discharge device for discharge;

[0017] S3: The lithium battery falls from the conveyor belt onto the pallet of the discharge device. The discharge device is filled with a saturated NaCl solution. The excitation coil and the excitation coil are energized at the same time, so that the lithium battery is discharged in an environment of high-frequency vibration and alternating magnetic field. After the discharge is completed, the pallet is driven upward by the telescopic cylinder. After one side of the pallet collides with the discharge baffle, the pallet rotates along the hinge axis and pours the lithium battery into the crushing device through the flip inlet. After the discharge is completed, the telescopic cylinder contracts, and the pallet returns to the support base under the action of gravity and the elastic rope;

[0018] S4: The lithium battery entering the crushing device is crushed by the crushing roller, and the electrolyte inside the battery flows out. After passing through the first filter and the second filter, the electrolyte is collected and processed from the electrolyte outlet. The larger particle size materials produced by the crushing, such as plastic, aluminum alloy, copper foil and other materials, are intercepted by the first filter and recovered from the first outlet. The smaller particle materials produced by the crushing are filtered by the second filter and recovered from the second outlet.

[0019] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention can simultaneously clean, discharge, crush and other processes on lithium batteries of various models, and can automatically switch between the various processes. It is highly efficient for pre-processing such as cleaning and discharging, and the processed lithium batteries can be classified according to raw materials for subsequent processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the discharge device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a top view of the discharge basket of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the turning mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the force applied to the waste lithium battery during the flipping process of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure, 1. High-pressure pump; 2. Liquid distributor; 3. Cleaning device; 4. Lithium battery; 5. Feed port; 6. Feed plate; 7. Turning roller; 8. Impurity outlet; 9. Bottom foot; 10. Filter screen; 11. Sewage outlet; 12. Filter cover; 13. Circulating suction head; 14. High-pressure nozzle; 15. Material outlet; 16. Conveyor belt; 17. Discharge device; 18. Support plate; 19. Telescopic cylinder; 20. Crushing device; 21. Turning Inlet; 22. Crushing roller; 23. First outlet; 24. First filter screen; 25. Second filter screen; 26. Second outlet; 27. Electrolyte outlet; 28. Support mesh plate; 29. ​​Excitation spring; 30. Elastic rope; 31. Support seat; 32. Piston rod; 33. Excitation coil; 34. Articulated shaft; 35. Bottom mesh plate; 36. Discharge stopper; 37. Stainless steel block; 38. Excitation coil; 39. Baffle; 40. Flip tooth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Example 1: Figure 1-4As shown, a waste lithium battery processing equipment includes a cleaning device 3, a discharge device 17 and a crushing device 20, the cleaning device 3 includes a high-pressure pump 1, a liquid distributor 2, a feed port 5, a feed plate 6, a flip roller 7, an impurity outlet 8, a bottom foot 9, a filter 10, a sewage outlet 11, a circulation suction head 13, a high-pressure nozzle 14 and a material outlet 15, the high-pressure pump 1 is installed on the top of the cleaning device 3, and is connected to the circulation suction head 13 arranged at the bottom of the cleaning device 3 through a pipeline. At the same time, the circulation pipeline is also connected to a new cleaning liquid, which is switched by a valve. When the sewage is used for a period of time, it is all replaced with a new one. The feed port 5 and the impurity outlet 8 are arranged on the top of the cleaning device 3. The left side of the device 3, the material outlet 15 is arranged on the right side of the cleaning device, the sewage outlet 11 is arranged at the bottom of the cleaning device 3, the number of the turning rollers 7 is multiple, and the multiple turning rollers 7 are installed obliquely in the cleaning device 3, and the multiple turning rollers 7 rotate counterclockwise at the same speed under the drive of the driving device, the feed inlet 5 is arranged at the upper left of the multiple turning rollers 7, the impurity outlet 8 is arranged at the upper left of the filter screen 10, the material outlet 15 is located at the lower right of the multiple turning rollers 7, and a conveyor belt 16 is provided at the material outlet 15 position. The upper end of the conveyor belt 16 is located above the discharge device 17, and the discharge device is provided with a support with a mesh. The support plate 18 includes a supporting mesh plate 28 and a bottom mesh plate 35. The supporting mesh plate 28 and the bottom mesh plate 35 are connected by a plurality of excitation springs 29. Baffles 39 are provided on the front and rear sides of the supporting mesh plate 28. An excitation coil 38 is provided inside the baffle 39. The bottom of the bottom mesh plate 35 is hinged to one side of the support seat 31 through a hinge shaft 34. The other side of the support seat 31 is connected to the bottom mesh plate 35 through an elastically retractable elastic rope 30. An excitation coil 33 is provided on the support seat 31. A stainless steel block 37 is provided at a corresponding position on the supporting mesh plate 28. The bottom of the support seat 31 is connected to the discharge device 17 through a piston rod 32. The discharge device 17 is connected to the telescopic cylinder 19 at the bottom; a dumping stopper 36 is provided on the right side inside the discharge device 17, and the crushing device 20 includes a flip inlet 21, a crushing roller 22, a first outlet 23, a first filter 24, a second filter 25, a second outlet 26 and an electrolyte outlet 27. The flip inlet 21 is located on one side of the discharge device 17 and above the dumping stopper 36. The crushing roller 22, the first filter 24 and the second filter 25 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, so the first outlet 23 is located at the lower end of the first filter 24, and the second outlet 26 is located at the lower end of the second filter 25; the electrolyte outlet 27 is arranged at the bottom of the crushing device 20.

[0028] Furthermore, the flipping structure is a number of evenly distributed flipping teeth 40 of different heights arranged on the outside of the flipping roller 7. The heights of the flipping teeth 40 are distributed in a spiral line, and the highest flipping teeth 40 and the lowest flipping teeth 40 on the outsides of two adjacent flipping rollers 7 are staggered. At the same time, in order to ensure the flipping cleaning effect, the length of the flipping structure composed of the flipping teeth 40 must ensure that the lithium battery 4 rolls down for at least two weeks.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the lithium battery 4 on the flip roller 7 is subjected to a downward component force F1 of gravity, an upward friction force F2 of the upper flip roller 7, and a downward friction force F3 of the lower flip roller 7. Under the action of these three forces, the lithium battery 4 rolls along the upper surface of the flip mechanism to achieve the purpose of flipping and flushing.

[0030] Furthermore, the discharge device 17 and the crushing device 20 are integrally formed, which reduces the conversion between devices.

[0031] Furthermore, the liquid distributor 2 is arranged in parallel with a plurality of tilted turning rollers 7 , and this cleaning angle facilitates flushing of the surface of the lithium battery 4 .

[0032] Furthermore, a filter cover 12 for filtering impurities in water is provided on the outside of the circulation suction head 13, so as to recycle the cleaning liquid and avoid wasting resources.

[0033] Furthermore, a sinusoidal current is passed through the excitation coil 38 on the baffles 39 on the front and rear sides of the support plate 18. Similarly, other square currents can be passed through. The purpose is to generate an alternating magnetic field in the cleaning device. The magnetic field can weaken the electrophoretic effect of the solution and improve the ionic conductivity of the solution.

[0034] Furthermore, the excitation coil 33 is intermittently energized, and the power-on frequency is controlled at 50HZ~60HZ. The above setting can ensure that the lithium battery vibrates to a certain extent during the discharge process, thereby preventing crystals from precipitating on the electrode column during the discharge process of the lithium battery and coating the electrode surface, thereby affecting the discharge speed.

[0035] Example 2: A method for treating waste lithium batteries, using the above-mentioned treatment equipment to treat waste batteries; the specific treatment steps include:

[0036] S1: Place the waste lithium batteries to be processed into the cleaning device through the feed port and feed plate. The lithium batteries roll downward along the slope under the action of gravity and the turning roller. The high-pressure pump pumps the cleaning liquid through the liquid distributor and high-pressure nozzle to rinse the surface of the lithium batteries. The washed impurities are filtered through the filter and discharged from the impurity outlet. The sewage is discharged from the sewage outlet or pumped back to the liquid distributor through the circulation suction head for recycling. At the same time, fresh cleaning liquid can be provided through switching management;

[0037] S2: The cleaned lithium battery rolls along the turning roller to the conveyor belt, which then sends the lithium battery to the discharge device for discharge;

[0038] S3: The lithium battery falls from the conveyor belt onto the pallet of the discharge device. The discharge device is filled with a saturated NaCl solution. The excitation coil and the excitation coil are energized at the same time, so that the lithium battery is discharged in an environment of high-frequency vibration and alternating magnetic field. After the discharge is completed, the pallet is driven upward by the telescopic cylinder. After one side of the pallet collides with the discharge baffle, the pallet rotates along the hinge axis and pours the lithium battery into the crushing device through the flip inlet. After the discharge is completed, the telescopic cylinder contracts, and the pallet returns to the support seat under the action of gravity and the elastic rope. The voltage measuring device or the discharge time can be used to determine whether the discharge is completed;

[0039] S4: The lithium battery entering the crushing device is crushed by the crushing roller, and the electrolyte inside the battery flows out. After passing through the first filter and the second filter, the electrolyte is collected and processed from the electrolyte outlet. The larger particle size materials produced by the crushing, such as plastic, aluminum alloy, copper foil and other materials, are intercepted by the first filter and recovered from the first outlet. The smaller particle materials produced by the crushing are filtered by the second filter and recovered from the second outlet.

[0040] The present invention can simultaneously clean, discharge, crush and other processes for lithium batteries of various models, and can automatically switch between the various processes. It has high efficiency for pre-processing such as cleaning and discharging. The processed lithium batteries can be classified according to raw materials for subsequent processing.

[0041] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the novelty of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to this embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A waste lithium battery processing device, comprising a cleaning device (3), a discharging device (17) and a crushing device (20), characterized in that: The cleaning device (3) comprises a high-pressure pump (1), a liquid distributor (2), a feed port (5), a feed plate (6), a turning roller (7), an impurity outlet (8), a foot (9), a filter screen (10), a sewage outlet (11), a circulation suction head (13), a high-pressure nozzle (14) and a material outlet (15). The high-pressure pump (1) is installed on the top of the cleaning device (3) and is connected to the circulation suction head (13) arranged at the bottom of the cleaning device (3) through a pipeline. The feed port (5) and the impurity outlet (8) are arranged on the left side of the cleaning device (3), the material outlet (15) is arranged on the right side of the cleaning device, the sewage outlet (11) is arranged at the bottom of the cleaning device (3), and the turning roller (7) is connected to the bottom of the cleaning device (3). There are multiple flip rollers (7) installed obliquely in the cleaning device (3), and the multiple flip rollers (7) rotate counterclockwise at the same speed under the drive of the driving device, the feed port (5) is set at the upper left of the multiple flip rollers (7), the impurity outlet (8) is set at the upper left of the filter screen (10), the material outlet (15) is located at the lower right of the multiple flip rollers (7), a conveyor belt (16) is provided at the material outlet (15), the upper end of the conveyor belt (16) is located above the discharge device (17), a support plate (18) with mesh is provided inside the discharge device, the support plate (18) includes a supporting mesh plate (28) and a bottom mesh plate (35), the supporting mesh plate (28) and the bottom mesh plate (35) are connected by a plurality of exciting springs (29), the front and rear sides of the support mesh plate (28) are provided with baffles (39), and the inside of the baffles (39) is provided with an excitation coil (38); the bottom of the bottom mesh plate (35) is hinged to one side of the support seat (31) through a hinge shaft (34), and the other side of the support seat (31) is connected to the bottom mesh plate (35) through an elastic and retractable elastic rope (30), the support seat (31) is provided with an exciting coil (33), and a stainless steel block (37) is provided at a corresponding position on the support mesh plate (28), and the bottom of the support seat (31) is connected to the telescopic cylinder (19) at the bottom of the discharge device (17) through a piston rod (32); the discharge device (17 ) is provided with a dumping stopper (36) on the right side inside, the crushing device (20) includes a flip inlet (21), a crushing roller (22), a first outlet (23), a first filter (24), a second filter (25), a second outlet (26) and an electrolyte outlet (27), the flip inlet (21) is located on one side of the discharge device (17) and above the dumping stopper (36), the crushing roller (22), the first filter (24) and the second filter (25) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, so that the first outlet (23) is located at the lower end of the first filter (24), and the second outlet (26) is located at the lower end of the second filter (25); the electrolyte outlet (27) is arranged at the bottom of the crushing device (20);The turning structure comprises a plurality of turning teeth (40) arranged on the outside of the turning roller (7) and having different heights and uniformly distributed. The heights of the turning teeth (40) are distributed in a spiral line, and the highest turning teeth (40) and the lowest turning teeth (40) on the outsides of two adjacent turning rollers (7) are staggered.

2. The waste lithium battery processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge device (17) and the crushing device (20) are integrally formed.

3. The waste lithium battery processing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid distributor (2) is arranged in parallel with a plurality of tilted turning rollers (7).

4. The waste lithium battery processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A filter cover (12) for filtering impurities in water is provided on the outside of the circulation suction head (13).

5. The waste lithium battery processing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sinusoidal current is passed through the excitation coils (38) on the baffles (39) on the front and rear sides of the support plate (18).

6. The waste lithium battery processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The exciting coil (33) is intermittently energized, and the energization frequency is controlled at 50 Hz to 60 Hz.

7. A method for treating waste lithium batteries, characterized by: Using the processing equipment as claimed in claim 6 to process waste batteries; The specific processing steps include: S1: Place the waste lithium batteries to be processed into the cleaning device through the feed port and feed plate. The lithium batteries roll downward along the slope under the action of gravity and the turning roller. The high-pressure pump pumps the cleaning liquid through the liquid distributor and high-pressure nozzle to rinse the surface of the lithium batteries. The washed impurities are filtered through the filter and discharged from the impurity outlet. The sewage is discharged from the sewage outlet or pumped back to the liquid distributor through the circulation suction head for recycling. S2: The cleaned lithium battery rolls along the turning roller to the conveyor belt, which then sends the lithium battery to the discharge device for discharge; S3: The lithium battery falls from the conveyor belt onto the pallet of the discharge device. The discharge device is filled with a saturated NaCl solution. The excitation coil and the excitation coil are energized at the same time, so that the lithium battery is discharged in an environment of high-frequency vibration and alternating magnetic field. After the discharge is completed, the pallet is driven upward by the telescopic cylinder. After one side of the pallet collides with the discharge baffle, the pallet rotates along the hinge axis and pours the lithium battery into the crushing device through the flip inlet. After the discharge is completed, the telescopic cylinder contracts, and the pallet returns to the support base under the action of gravity and the elastic rope; S4: The lithium battery entering the crushing device is crushed by the crushing roller, and the electrolyte inside the battery flows out. After passing through the first filter and the second filter, the electrolyte is collected and processed from the electrolyte outlet. The larger particle size materials produced by the crushing are intercepted by the first filter and recovered from the first outlet. The smaller particle materials produced by the crushing are filtered by the second filter and recovered from the second outlet.

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