Method and apparatus for nonlinear parameterization of biological objects

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of biotechnology. A method and apparatus for applying nonlinear parametric effects to biological objects such as birds or small animals are proposed. The claimed method involves applying the effect using two acoustic signals with different carrier frequencies and a pulse modulated incoherent light field in the visible spectrum. The carrier frequency of the first acoustic signal is fixed, and the carrier frequency of the second acoustic signal is a swept carrier frequency within the maximum sensitivity range of the biological object's auditory tract. The difference between the frequencies lies within the low resonant frequency range of the biological object. The claimed apparatus includes an acoustic signal generator with a sound transmitter, a pulse modulator, a unit for adjusting the carrier frequency of the acoustic signal generator, and an incoherent light transmitter. The present invention induces a behavioral response in the biological object, namely a consistent avoidance of the area where the above-mentioned physical factors are applied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a technique for preventing biological objects from entering protected areas. These biological objects are animals, especially birds and small animals.

[0002] The protected areas are, in particular:

[0003] - Airport facilities;

[0004] - agricultural land (orchards, vineyards, areas for growing berries, cereals and other crops);

[0005] - Livestock, poultry and fish farms;

[0006] -Industrial area. Background Art

[0007] A bioacoustic method for repelling birds and rodents is known. Such a device is called a bioacoustic scarecrow (repellent device). The method works as follows: defined signals are sent at random time intervals. These are alarm and distress signals of the birds to be scared away. These signals are pre-recorded.

[0008] This method is more efficient when multiple such signal-carrying devices are used.

[0009] The bioacoustic method is used in a range of devices from the well-known companies Bird Gard (USA) [1,2] and Weitech (Belgium) [3].

[0010] Disadvantages of known bioacoustic repelling methods are:

[0011] - habituation of biological subjects to the sounds produced and their indifference to them;

[0012] - In order to have an effective effect at a long distance, a high-power sound source must be used;

[0013] -There is no universal signal that will scare away all birds and rodents.

[0014] The prototype of the claimed invention is considered a method and device for acoustically influencing an intruder - RU2436297.

[0015] The method of acoustic influencing consists in sending two ultrasonic signals of different carrier frequencies. Here, the frequency difference corresponds to the frequency of maximum sensitivity of the hearing pathway of the biological object. The carrier frequency of the ultrasonic detection signal is amplitude modulated by a sub-low frequency signal corresponding to the resonance frequency of the human organ.

[0016] The ultrasonic impact device comprises:

[0017] - an ultrasonic generator having a transmitter of a first frequency;

[0018] - an ultrasonic generator having a second frequency radiator;

[0019] - Pulsed infrared low frequency amplitude modulator, the output of the modulator is connected to the control input of the ultrasonic generator.

[0020] Acoustic influencing is performed using two directional narrowband signals that affect the auditory organs of the intruder. The use of narrowband signals results in high electromechanical efficiency of the transmitters and their narrow directivity, which ensures a high level of dual-frequency sound field that affects the intruder. In this case, this results in a low-frequency signal with a difference frequency. This signal is located in the most sensitive frequency zone of the auditory pathway. This signal has a painful effect on the intruder. Its effect is due to the nonlinear characteristics of the auditory pathway [5,6].

[0021] The disadvantages of the prototype of the claimed invention are:

[0022] -Since ultrasonic waves have a large power loss when propagating in the air, their distance is short;

[0023] -Since ultrasound is outside the audible range, the hearing organs of most biological objects have low sensitivity to it.

[0024] The claimed invention eliminates the drawbacks of bioacoustic repellers of the prior art and their prototypes. The claimed invention aims to solve problems in the field of ornithological safety of civil aircraft and to protect objects of agriculture and food industry. Summary of the invention

[0025] The essence of the present invention is to utilize the nonlinear effect that occurs when the auditory organ of a biological object is exposed to two acoustic signals (one of which is a swept frequency) in the audible wave range with different carrier frequencies. The difference component of the frequency is within the low resonance frequency range of the biological object. Preferably, the difference component of the frequency is additionally supported by a parameterized support effect [7,8], for example, by a pulse modulated incoherent light field in the visible light band [9]. This support effect is synchronized with the acoustic effect. The duration and repetition rate of the incoherent field pulse are similar to the parameters of the pulsed acoustic field, i.e., the acoustic component of the carrier frequency described above.

[0026] in,

[0027] The sound pressure power of the acoustic signal is preferably lower than in known bioacoustic devices.

[0028] - The carrier frequency of the first acoustic signal is fixed.

[0029] The carrier frequency of the first acoustic signal and the carrier frequency of the second acoustic signal are preferably within the maximum sensitivity range of the auditory pathway of the biological object, preferably within the range of 1-4 kHz, within which the carrier frequency of the second acoustic signal is swept. The difference component of the frequencies of the first and second carrier signals may be within the low resonance frequency range of the biological object (low frequency), preferably within the range of 1 to 20 Hz.

[0030] - Two carrier frequencies of the acoustic signal, pulse modulated in amplitude with a pulse duration, wherein the pulse duration is preferably not less than the minimum duration of the sensitivity threshold of the auditory pathway of the biological subject (250 milliseconds).

[0031] -The stroboscopic pattern of incoherent radiation may have the most effective effect on the visual organs.

[0032] During contact with biological objects, the swept frequency difference component of the received modulated acoustic signal coincides with the resonant frequency of their auditory organs. This stimulates their central nervous system. The modulated incoherent waves of visible light cause spatial disorientation and temporal limitations of visual function. This together leads to the behavioral response of the biological object, namely, continuous avoidance of the application area of ​​the influencing physical factor.

[0033] Therefore, the present invention has a strong synchronous compound effect on biological objects. Therefore, the linear characteristics of the hearing and visual organs are affected.

[0034] The experimental study of the effects of nonlinear parameters was conducted on medium and large experimental animals (75 animals). During the study, the effects on hearing, vision and the central nervous system were recorded.

[0035] The hearing organs of biological subjects are exposed to two acoustic signals in the audible band with different carrier frequencies. The sound pressure power of these frequencies is about 135dB. When biological subjects are exposed to the most unfavorable conditions of acoustic factors for 30 minutes, temporary dysfunction of the hearing organs is observed. No permanent changes or lesions of the hearing organs are observed clinically. In general, the required decibels are set in the experiment according to the physical situation to be protected, which may include the experimental setup stage.

[0036] The subjects' visual organs were exposed to incoherent light fields in the visible wavelength range. Exposure to incoherent white light radiation was assessed by quantitative evaluation of visual acuity. Visual acuity is determined by the physiological response of the eye to the motion of biological objects. Visual acuity was determined by optokinetic nystagmus registration. Exposures were at maximum intensity in both continuous and pulsed modes. After 1 minute of exposure at the specified intensity, temporary blindness occurred in 100% of cases, regardless of mode. Nystagmus in all cases recovered within 10 minutes after exposure.

[0037] The simultaneous exposure of biological subjects to two acoustic signals and one minute exposure time resulted in a significant reaction of the central nervous system. Acoustic signals with different carrier frequencies and incoherent emission of white light in continuous and pulsed modes with an exposure time of 1 minute resulted in behavioral reactions of the central nervous system. These behavioral reactions were such as start reactions, avoidance reactions, and defense reactions. The reactions of the central nervous system were reliably recorded by neuroelectrophysiological methods. 1-2 minutes after the end of the exposure, a significant emergence of a dominant rhythm with a frequency of 3-4 Hz was recorded in the EEG. The proportion of theta rhythm (4-8 Hz) also increased. This means that the psychological and emotional tension of the biological subjects increased and the anxiety increased. 5 seconds after the exposure, all biological subjects showed an avoidance reaction. These biological subjects left the application area (target area). Therefore, they showed an avoidance reaction. The defensive behavior of the subjects was clearly dominant.

[0038] No irreversible changes in the behavior or physiological parameters of the biological subjects were observed after the end of exposure and one day later. No clinically significant persistent changes or central nervous system lesions were observed.

[0039] The experimental results showed that nonlinear parameter exposure induced a persistent avoidance response in biological subjects, but did not induce a habituation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the device. The block diagram of the device implements the proposed method for nonlinear parametric manipulation of biological objects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The device for performing nonlinear parameter manipulation on a biological object comprises:

[0042] - a first acoustic signal generator 1;

[0043] - a first sound transmitter 2;

[0044] - a second acoustic signal generator 3;

[0045] - a second sound transmitter 4;

[0046] - Pulse modulator 5;

[0047] - a tuning unit 6 for the carrier frequency of the acoustic oscillator;

[0048] - Incoherent optical transmitter 7.

[0049] The device for nonlinear parametric manipulation of biological subjects works as follows. The signals from the output of the pulse modulator 5 are fed to the acoustic signal generators 1, 3 and the incoherent light emitter 7. These signals contain information about the modulation parameters. From the generators, the pulse modulated acoustic signals in the audible range and the acoustic signals frequency-differentiated by the tuning unit 6 are fed to the sound emitters 2, 4. The sound emitters form a strong, noisy acoustic signal. The light emitters, on the other hand, emit incoherent signals in the visible wavelength range. The duration and pulse repetition rate of the signal are similar to those of the pulsed acoustic signal. The device has a nonlinear parametric effect and does not cause any addictive effects, taking advantage of the nonlinear properties of the hearing organ of the biological subject 8 and increasing its psycho-emotional stress. The device forms a lasting reaction, namely avoiding the contact area.

[0050] Reference information sources

[0051] 1. http: / / www.birdgard.com / ;

[0052] 2. Grabovsky VI, Moseshvili AL, Ornithological conservation of enterprises, food industry, 2010.ns

[0053] 5.p.30–32;

[0054] 3. http: / / www.weitech.ru / ;

[0055] 4. RF invention patent No. 4 JVs RU 2436297 Cl. April 13, 2010. Method and device for acoustic shock to intruders, authors, Shcherbakov GN, Ansilevich MA; 5. Ioffe VK et al., Handbook of Acoustics, paragraph 2.6, Nonlinear characteristics of hearing, M, c42–43; 6. Aldoshina I. Nonlinear characteristics of hearing, Sound Engineer 1999;

[0056] 7.Shcherbakov GN parameter positioning - a new method and special equipment for detecting hidden objects,

[0057] 2000.No.4.p.52–58;

[0058] 8. L. V. Cherkesova, Nonlinear parameter interaction of resonant systems of different physical properties under multiharmonic external influences, Proceedings of the University, Technical Sciences, 2003, pp. 4. p. 11–15;

[0059] 9. Luizov AV Visual Inertia, Oborongiz.1961.249p.

Claims

1. A method for nonlinear parameter manipulation of a biological object, wherein: A nonlinear parametric resonance effect is generated in the auditory organ of a biological object, characterized in that the effect on the biological object is caused by acoustic signals in the audible band with two different carrier frequencies, the carrier frequency of the first acoustic signal is fixed, and the carrier frequency of the second acoustic signal is swept, the carrier frequency of the first acoustic signal and the carrier frequency of the second acoustic signal are within the maximum sensitivity range of the auditory pathway of the biological object, the difference between the carrier frequency of the first acoustic signal and the carrier frequency of the second acoustic signal is within the range of low resonance frequencies of the biological object, the difference component of the carrier frequency of the first acoustic signal and the carrier frequency of the second acoustic signal is within the range of 1 to 20 Hz, a parametric synchronization effect of an incoherent light field modulated by pulses in the visible light wave range is also applied to the biological object, and the duration and repetition rate of the pulses of the incoherent light field are similar to the parameters of the pulsed acoustic field.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier frequency is tuned within the hearing range to within the maximum sensitivity of the biological subject's auditory pathway.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The carrier frequency of the acoustic signal is pulse-modulated in amplitude, and its pulse duration is not less than the minimum duration of the sensitivity threshold of the auditory channel of the biological subject.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The biological objects are small animals, including birds and rodents.

5. A device for performing nonlinear parameter manipulation on a biological object using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising an acoustic signal generator (1, 3) having a sound transmitter (2, 4) and a pulse modulator (5), characterized in that: The device comprises a tuning unit (6) for tuning the carrier frequency of the acoustic signal generator (1, 3), the output end of the tuning unit (6) being connected to the control input end of the acoustic signal generator (1, 3); the device further comprises an incoherent optical transmitter (7), the output end of the pulse modulator (5) being connected to the incoherent optical transmitter (7); and the output end of the pulse modulator (5) being connected to the control input end of the acoustic signal generator (1, 3).

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