Multiple Subscriber Identity Module Technology for Wireless Systems

Abstract

The patent document describes, among other things, techniques and apparatus for providing multiple network connections to improve wireless network efficiency and performance. In one aspect, a wireless communication method is disclosed. The method includes determining, by a network node, whether to include a paging cause indication in a paging message based on a rule. The method also includes transmitting, by the network node, a paging message based on the determination, wherein the rule provides that in the case where the paging message is being transmitted due to a common paging cause, the paging cause indication is omitted, and in the case where the paging message is being transmitted due to a different paging cause than the common paging cause, the paging message is transmitted by indicating the different paging cause in the paging cause indication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This patent document relates generally to wireless communications. Background Art

[0002] Mobile communication technology is driving the world towards an increasingly connected and networked society. The rapid growth of mobile communications and technological advances have led to greater demands for capacity and connectivity. Other aspects, such as energy consumption, equipment cost, spectrum efficiency, and latency are also important to meet the needs of various communication scenarios. Various technologies are being discussed, including new ways to provide higher quality of service, simultaneous connection to multiple networks, longer battery life, and improved performance. Summary of the invention

[0003] The patent document describes, among other things, techniques and apparatus for providing multiple network connections to improve wireless network efficiency and performance.

[0004] In one aspect, a method is disclosed. The method includes determining, by a network node based on a rule, whether to include a paging cause indication in a paging message. The method also includes transmitting, by the network node, the paging message based on the determination, wherein the rule provides that in the case where the paging message is being transmitted due to a common paging cause, the paging cause indication is omitted, and in the case where the paging message is being transmitted due to a different paging cause than the common paging cause, the paging message is transmitted by indicating the different paging cause in the paging cause indication.

[0005] In another aspect, another method is disclosed. The method includes receiving, by a wireless device, a paging message including a paging cause indication. The method includes determining, by the wireless device, a paging cause based on a common paging cause, a paging cause list, and a legacy paging record list, wherein a first element in the paging cause list indicates a paging cause of a first paging record in the legacy paging record list.

[0006] In another aspect, another method is disclosed. The method includes transmitting, from a network node to a wireless device, a paging message including one or more paging causes, wherein the paging message also includes a plurality of paging records for each of the one or more paging causes.

[0007] In another aspect, another method is disclosed. The method includes receiving, by a wireless device, a paging message including a paging cause indication. The method also includes determining, by the wireless device, a paging cause based on the paging cause indication, a paging cause list, and a legacy paging record list, wherein the paging cause list includes a plurality of records for each paging cause in the paging cause list.

[0008] In another aspect, another method is disclosed. The method includes determining, by a network node, a first number of paging records from a paging record list having a second number of paging records, wherein the first number of paging records have paging causes from a paging cause list, wherein the paging causes are associated with the first number of paging records. The method also includes transmitting, by the network node, a paging message, wherein a size of the paging record list is indicated in the paging message according to the first number of paging records having the paging causes associated therewith.

[0009] In another aspect, another method is disclosed. The method includes receiving, by a wireless device, a paging message including a paging cause indication. The method also includes determining, by the wireless device, a paging cause based on the paging cause indication, a paging cause list, and a legacy paging record list, wherein a first element in the paging cause list indicates a first paging cause of a first paging record in the legacy paging record list.

[0010] In another aspect, another method is disclosed. The method includes transmitting, by a network node to a wireless device, an indication that the network node is capable of performing multi-SIM switching and release, wherein the indication is carried in a system information message or a non-access stratum message.

[0011] In another aspect, another method is disclosed. The method includes receiving, at a wireless device, a plurality of wireless device identifiers for the wireless device. The method also includes selecting, by the wireless device, a wireless device identifier from the plurality of wireless device identifiers based on a paging control channel (PCCH) configuration in a neighboring cell that avoids paging conflicts.

[0012] These and other aspects are described in this document. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 Depicted is an example of an example Abstract Syntax Notation 1 (ASN.1) code for a paging message.

[0014] Figure 2 An example of an ASN.1 code for a paging message using the first optimization method is depicted.

[0015] Figure 3 An example of an ASN.1 code for a paging message using the second optimization method is depicted.

[0016] Figure 4 An example of an ASN.1 code for a paging message using the third optimization method is depicted.

[0017] Figure 5 An example of a radio resource control based release procedure is depicted.

[0018] Figure 6An example of ASN.1 code for a Multiple Universal Subscriber Identity Module (MUSIM) handover notification is depicted.

[0019] Figure 7 An example of a process for handling paging conflicts is depicted.

[0020] Figure 8 Depicted is an example of a process in which the network indicates multiple UE IDs when a paging conflict occurs.

[0021] Figures 9 to 13 An example of a method for wireless communications is depicted.

[0022] Fig.14 An example of a wireless communication system for implementing aspects of the disclosed subject matter is depicted.

[0023] Fig.15 Depicted is a block diagram representation of a portion of a wireless station for implementing aspects of the disclosed subject matter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Certain features are described using the example of a fifth generation (5G) wireless protocol. However, the applicability of the disclosed technology is not limited to 5G wireless systems.

[0025] The headings used below are for clarity of presentation and are not intended to limit the applicability of the subject matter to the various disclosed embodiments.

[0026] A wireless device with multiple subscriber identity modules (multi-SIM cards) can be connected to multiple networks at the same time. Devices and techniques for providing multi-SIM-card capabilities are disclosed, including adding paging causes to paging messages, and reallocating multiple service temporary mobile subscriber identities (S-TMSI) (e.g., 5G STMSI) to wireless devices to resolve paging conflicts. As used herein, "user equipment" or "UE" refers to any type of wireless device, including UE, mobile station, smartphone, tablet device, laptop device, or any other wireless device. The above terms are used interchangeably.

[0027] Among other things, the following issues were addressed:

[0028] 1) Specify enhancement(s) to resolve conflicts caused by receiving paging when the UE is in idle / inactive mode in both networks associated with the corresponding SIM

[0029] ○ Radio Access Technology (RAT) Concurrency: Network A can be New Radio (NR). Network B can be Long Term Evolution (LTE) equipment or NR equipment.

[0030] ○ Applicable UE architecture: Single-receive / Single-transmit

[0031] 2) Specify the mechanism for the UE to notify network A of its handover from network A (for multi-user SIM):

[0032] ○ RAT Concurrency: Network A is NR. Network B can be LTE or NR.

[0033] ○ Applicable UE architecture: single-receive / single-transmit or dual-receive / single-transmit

[0034] 3) Unless it is a System Aspect Workgroup 2 (SA2) device, a mechanism is specified for incoming paging to indicate to the UE that the service is Voice over LTE / Voice over NR (voLTE / VoNR).

[0035] [RAN2]

[0036] ○ RAT Concurrency: Network A is LTE or NR. Network B is LTE or NR.

[0037] ○ Applicable UE architecture: single-receive / dual-receive / single-transmit

[0038] Paging Reason

[0039] For multi-SIM UE, the UE can be registered to more than one network. For example, the first US SIM (USIM1) can be registered under network A, while USIM2 is registered under network B. Then if the UE is in a connected state with one network (for example, network A), the UE needs to detect paging from network B. Once the paging is detected, the UE needs to determine which USIM's service will be continued. For example, if network A is downloading some files, the UE will receive an MT call paging. If the UE cannot operate in a dual-connected state, the UE can release the connection from network A. However, from the paging message, the UE cannot determine the triggering cause of the paging - whether it is voice or data. Described below is an example technique for adding a paging cause to a paging message.

[0040] Figure 1 An example of the Abstract Syntax Notation (ASN.1) code for the above example of a paging message is depicted. In this example, for each paging record, a paging cause is added. The problem with having a paging cause for each paging record is that if there are 32 paging records, 32*4=128 bits are added. These added bits affect the paging signaling overhead and affect paging coverage.

[0041] Some optimization methods are described below.

[0042] Paging reason signaling optimization method 1

[0043] A common cause value may be added to the paging message. Then for paging records with a common paging cause, it is only necessary to indicate paging records with different paging causes.

[0044] Figure 2 Depicted is an example of an ASN.1 code for a paging message using optimization method 1. The field commonPagingCause indicates a common paging cause, which can be used for the first m paging records whose corresponding paging cause in PagingRecordList-v17x is set to not exist (no paging cause is given), where m is less than or equal to the size of PagingCauseList-v17x.

[0045] Paging causes other than common paging causes may be indicated in PagingCauseList-v17xy.

[0046] The size of PagingCauseList-v17xy may be the number of paging records with a paging cause. For example, if there are x paging records in the legacy pagingRecordList and y paging records have the paging cause, the size of pagingCauseList-v17xy is y.

[0047] The network may place paging records with paging reasons first in the legacy pagingCauseList.

[0048] The network may set the paging cause with the most paging records as the common paging cause.

[0049] At the UE, for the first m paging records whose corresponding paging causes in PagingCauseList-v17xy are set to non-existent, a common paging cause may be adopted, where m is less than or equal to the size of PagingCauseList-v17xy. At the UE, the UE first determines whether it has a paging cause by checking whether it belongs to the first y entries in the legacy pagingRecordList, where y is the size of PagingCauseList-v17xy. If the UE has a paging cause, the paging cause is further determined by the corresponding value in PagingCauseList-v17xy. The first element in PagingCauseList-v17xy indicates the paging cause of the first paging record in the legacy pagingRecordList. If the paging cause in PagingCauseList-v17xy for the corresponding paging record is set to non-existent, the UE adopts the common paging cause.

[0050] Example for optimizing method 1

[0051] In this example, there are 5 paging records in the legacy paging record list, and 4 paging records have paging reasons, such as paging record 1 / 3 has paging reason 3 and paging record 2 has paging reason 1 and paging record 4 has paging reason 2. Then the commonPagingCause value can be set to reason 3, and the size of PagingRecordList-v17xy is set to 4, and PagingCauseList-v17xy is set as follows:

[0052] Table 1. Paging records and paging reasons

[0053]

[0054] Paging reason signaling optimization method 2

[0055] In another technique, for a specific UE ID, paging records having the same paging cause are put together, and then the number of paging records for each of the paging causes is indicated.

[0056] Example for optimizing method 2

[0057] In this example, it is not necessary to add a paging cause for each paging record. Instead, a paging cause list (PagingCauseList) can be added, as shown in Table 2 below.

[0058] Table 2. Paging records and paging reasons

[0059]

[0060] Example of a list of paging reason indices for each paging reason

[0061] Table 3 shows an example of a paging cause list including each paging cause.

[0062] Table 3. List of paging reason indexes for each paging reason

[0063]

[0064] For paging records from X2+1 to the end (number of paging records), R16 / 15 UEs without paging causes may be included, and R17 UEs that will use paging cause 4. Even if there is no paging record with paging cause 3, paging cause 3 is listed, and the UE will be notified that the last paging cause is 4.

[0065] Figure 3 An example of the ASN.1 code used for the above example is depicted in Figure 3In PagingCauseList-v17xy, the index for each paging cause is indicated. The first element corresponds to the maximum paging record index for pagingCauseStartValue. If there is only one paging cause, this list does not exist.

[0066] In the pagingRecordList, the network will first put the paging record with the paging cause "pagingCauseStartValue", and then put other paging records according to the paging cause order.

[0067] In some example embodiments, the order of paging causes is Voice, Alternate 1, Alternate 2, Alternate 3, Alternate 4, Alternate 5, Alternate 6, Alternate 7.

[0068] pagingCauseStartValue indicates the first paging cause according to the paging cause sequence.

[0069] In this example, the network sets the PagingCauseList to: PagingCauseList[0]{x1}, PagingCauseList[1]{x2}, PagingCauseList[2]{does not exist}.

[0070] The UE first determines whether it has a paging cause by checking whether it belongs to the first y entries in the legacy pagingRecordList, where y is the size of PagingCauseList-v17xy. If the UE has a paging cause, the paging cause is further determined based on the number of records for each paging cause in PagingCauseList-v17xy. In this example, a UE belonging to the first x1 paging records in the legacy paging record list will adopt the first paging cause. If the UE belongs to (x1+1) to x2 paging records in the legacy paging record list, it will adopt the second paging cause. If the UE belongs to (x2+1) to y paging records in the legacy paging record list, it will adopt the third paging cause, where y is the size of PagingCauseList-v17xy.

[0071] Paging reason signaling optimization method 3

[0072] Figure 4 An example of an ASN.1 code for a paging message according to Method 3 is depicted.

[0073] In this method, the signaling is the same as the above signaling, and different meanings are given to the newly added elements (eg, PagingCauseList-v17xy, PagingRecord-v17xy).

[0074] The size of PagingCauseList-v17x can be set to the number of paging records with a paging cause. For example, if there are x paging records in the legacy pagingRecordList, and y paging records have that paging cause, then the size of agingRecordList-v17x will be y.

[0075] The network may put together a paging record with the paging reason.

[0076] For a paging record having the same paging cause as a previous paging record, pagingCause-r17 may be set to not exist.

[0077] At the UE, for each of the first y paging records, if the corresponding paging cause in PagingCauseList-v17x is set to non-existent, the paging cause of the previous paging record may be adopted, where y is the size of PagingCauseList-v17x. The UE first determines whether it has a paging cause by checking whether it belongs to the first y entries in the legacy pagingRecordList, where y is the size of PagingCauseList-v17xy. If the UE has a paging cause, it further determines the paging cause by the corresponding value in PagingCauseList-v17xy. The first element in PagingCauseList-v17xy indicates the paging cause of the first paging record in the legacy pagingRecordList. If the paging cause in PagingCauseList-v17xy for the corresponding paging record is set to non-existent (no paging cause is given), the UE with the corresponding paging record will use the last paging cause indicated in the paging cause order in PagingCauseList-v17xy. For example, using Table 4 below, a UE with paging record 2 or 3 that does not give a paging cause will use the paging cause of paging record 1, i.e., paging cause m. Paging cause m is the last paging cause indicated in the list of paging causes in order from paging cause m to paging cause n.

[0078] Example for optimizing method 3

[0079] There are 5 paging records in the legacy paging record list, and 4 paging records have paging causes, for example, paging records 1 / 2 / 3 have paging cause m and paging record 4 has paging cause n. Then the cause of paging record 2 / 3 can be set to not exist, and the size of agingRecordList-v17xy is set to 4, and PagingCauseList-v17xy is set as follows. From the UE side, for UEs with paging records 2 / 3, the paging cause of paging record 1 will be referenced. Table 4 shows an example of paging records and paging causes using method 3.

[0080] Table 4. Paging records and paging reasons

[0081]

[0082] Toggle Notifications

[0083] This section describes a scenario where the UE is connected to network A via a first USIM and uses another USIM to connect to network B. The UE may need to send a release request to network A. Figure 5 An example of a radio resource control based release procedure is detailed.

[0084] exist Figure 5 In the example of , after sending the release request message, the UE waits for a confirmation message or expiration of a timer. If network A does not support Multi-Universal Subscriber Identity Module (MUSIM) handover notification, the UE will not send a release request message. It would be advantageous to indicate to the UE whether the network supports the MUSIM handover notification feature. Whether the network supports the MUSIM handover notification feature may be included in system information or NAS signaling. The network may indicate the length of the timer in system information or dedicated NAS signaling.

[0085] Figure 6 Depicted is an example of an ASN.1 code for a MUSIM switch notification. Figure 7 An example of a process for handling paging conflicts is depicted.

[0086] Paging Conflict

[0087] A MUSIM device that monitors paging on all 3GPP RATs and systems simultaneously (where it is in idle state or RRC inactive state (for 5GS)) must determine the paging channel(s) to monitor, which may cause unsuccessful paging on other paging channels. In some cases, UE identifier values ​​associated with different USIMs may cause system conflicts, which may cause corresponding missed pages. Figure 7 A sample solution is explained in detail.

[0088] If the MUSIM UE determines that a paging conflict may occur, the MUSIM UE may select a registration network (e.g., Network B) that supports UE changes in NAS parameters, and may perform a mobility registration update on that network. The registration request may include a new UE ID request indication and information to assist the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) in the assignment of a new 5G NR Globally Unique Temporary Identifier (5G-GUTI), such as a requested UE-ID value or range. The assistance information may be in the format of a UE_ID that provides optimal paging timing.

[0089] In this solution, the paging occasion of the UE can be modified by reallocating a new 5G-STMSI. The paging occasion is derived based on the 5G-STMSI. But it requires the UE to provide auxiliary information to assist the AMF in the assignment of a new 5G-GUTI, such as the requested UE-ID value or range. But the UE has no information about which UE-IDs are already in use by the network, such as assigned to other UEs. If the requested UE-ID value or range has been assigned to other UEs, the 5G-STMSI reallocation process may fail. To solve this problem, another solution is described below.

[0090] The network may assign more than one UE ID (e.g., 5G-ST MSI) to a UE, and the UE may select one of the assigned UE IDs based on the neighbor cell paging control channel (PCCH) configuration to avoid conflict and send the selected UE ID to the network.

[0091] The network may indicate multiple UE_IDs in the Registration Accept / Attach Accept message and add a list of UE-IDs (e.g. 5G-STMSI or GUTI for 4G).

[0092] The UE may indicate the selected UE ID to the network via a registration complete / attach complete message with the UE-ID (e.g. 5G-ST MSI or GUTI for 4G) or an index added to indicate the selected UE_ID.

[0093] The network indicates multiple UE IDs when paging conflicts occur

[0094] Figure 8 Depicted is an example of a process for the network to indicate multiple UE IDs when a paging conflict occurs.

[0095] At 801, the UE registers with network A using USIM-A. At 802, the UE registers with network B using USIM-B. At 810, the UE detects a paging conflict. At 820, a registration request (paging conflict indication) is sent from the UE to the AMF. At 830, a registration accept message with multiple UE-IDs is sent from the AMF to the UE. At 840, the UE selects one of the received UE-IDs. At 850, a registration complete message indicating the selected UE-ID is sent from the UE to the AMF.

[0096] Send via signaling via the registration acceptance message

[0097] Table 5 shows the content for an example registration accept message.

[0098] Table 5: Registration acceptance message content

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] Signaled via Registration Complete message

[0102] The UE_ID selected to the network or an index based on a UE ID list may be added to the Registration Accept message. The UE_ID may be a dedicated UE_ID.

[0103] Table 6 shows an example of the message content for such a registration completion message.

[0104] Table 6. Registration completion message content

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] Summary of selected features

[0108] The following list summarizes some aspects of various embodiments.

[0109] The common cause value may be added to the paging message. For paging records with a common paging cause, the paging cause need not be sent. The paging cause only needs to be sent for paging records with a paging cause different from the common paging cause.

[0110] The size of PagingCauseList-v17x may be the number of paging records with a specific paging cause. For example, if there are x paging records in the legacy pagingRecordList, and y paging records have the paging cause, then the size of agingRecordList-v17x is y.

[0111] The network may first arrange paging records with specific paging causes in the legacy pagingRecordList.

[0112] The network may set the paging cause with the most paging records as the common paging cause.

[0113] At the UE, for each of the first y paging records, if the corresponding paging cause in PagingCauseList-v17x is set to not present, the common paging cause may be adopted, where y is the size of PagingCauseList-v17x.

[0114] The network may indicate the number of paging records for each paging reason.

[0115] The pagingCauseStartValue parameter may indicate the first paging cause according to the paging cause sequence.

[0116] The PagingCauseList-v17xy parameter may indicate the index for each paging cause. The first element may correspond to the maximum paging record index for pagingCauseStartValue. If there is only one paging cause, this list may not exist.

[0117] In pagingRecordList, the network may arrange paging records with paging cause "pagingCauseStartValue" first, and then arrange other paging records according to the order of paging causes later in the list.

[0118] The order of paging reasons can be Voice, Backup 1, Backup 2, Backup 3, Backup 4, Backup 5, Backup 6, Backup 7

[0119] The size of PagingCauseList-v17x can be set to the number of paging records with a specific paging cause. For example, if there are x paging records in the legacy pagingRecordList, and y paging records have the paging cause, then the size of agingRecordList-v17x is y.

[0120] The network may put together a paging record with the paging reason.

[0121] For a paging record having the same paging cause as a previous paging record, pagingCause-r17 may be set to not exist.

[0122] At the UE, for the first y paging records, if the corresponding paging cause in PagingCauseList-v17x is set to not exist, the paging cause of the previous paging record may be adopted, where y is the size of PagingCauseList-v17x.

[0123] The network shall indicate to the UE whether the network supports the MUSIM handover notification / release request feature. This indication may be included in system information or NAS signaling. The network may indicate the length of the timer in system information or NAS signaling.

[0124] The network can assign more than one UE ID (e.g. 5G-ST MSI) to the UE, and the UE can select one UE ID based on the neighboring cell PCCH configuration to avoid collision and send to the network.

[0125] A list of UE-IDs (e.g. 5G-ST MSI or GUTI for 4G) may be added to Registration Accept / Attach Accept to indicate multiple UE_IDs.

[0126] The UE may indicate the selected UE ID to the network via a Registration Complete / Attach Complete message by adding a UE-ID (e.g., 5G-STMSI or GUTI for 4G) or an index to indicate the selected UE_ID.

[0127] Fig. 9 An example of a method 900 for wireless communication is shown. At 910, in some embodiments of the disclosed technology, the method includes determining, by a network node based on a rule, whether to include a paging cause indication in a paging message. At 920, the method also includes transmitting, by the network node, the paging message based on the determination, wherein the rule specifies that in a case where the paging message is being transmitted due to a common paging cause, the paging cause indication is omitted, and in a case where the paging message is being transmitted due to a different paging cause than the common paging cause, the paging message is transmitted by indicating the different paging cause in the paging cause indication.

[0128] Fig.10 Another example of a method 1000 for wireless communication is shown. At 1010, in some embodiments of the disclosed technology, the method includes receiving, by a wireless device, a paging message including a paging cause indication. At 1020, the method includes determining, by the wireless device, a paging cause based on a common paging cause, a paging cause list, and a legacy paging record list, wherein a first element in the paging cause list indicates a paging cause of a first paging record in the legacy paging record list.

[0129] Fig.11Another example of a method 1100 for wireless communication is shown. At 1110, in some embodiments of the disclosed technology, the method includes transmitting, from a network node to a wireless device, a paging message including one or more paging causes, wherein the paging message also includes a plurality of paging records for each of the one or more paging causes.

[0130] Fig.12 Another example of a method 1200 for wireless communication is shown. At 1210, in some embodiments of the disclosed technology, the method includes receiving, by a wireless device, a paging message including a paging cause indication. At 1220, the method includes determining, by the wireless device, a paging cause based on the paging cause indication, a paging cause list, and a legacy paging record list, wherein the paging cause list includes a plurality of records for each paging cause in the paging cause list.

[0131] Fig.13 Another example of a method 1300 for wireless communication is shown. At 1310, in some embodiments of the disclosed technology, the method includes determining, by a network node, a first number of paging records from a paging record list having a second number of paging records, wherein the first number of paging records have paging causes from a paging cause list, wherein the paging cause is associated with the first number of paging records. At 1320, the method includes transmitting, by the network node, a paging message in which a size of the paging record list is indicated according to the first number of paging records having paging causes associated therewith.

[0132] Fig.14 An example of a wireless communication system 1400 to which the technology according to one or more embodiments of the present technology can be applied is shown. The wireless communication system 1400 may include one or more base stations (BSs) 1405a, 1405b, one or more wireless devices 1410a, 1410b, 1410c, 1410d, and a core network 1425. The base stations 1405a, 1405b may provide wireless services to the wireless devices 1410a, 1410b, 1410c, and 1410d in one or more wireless sectors. In some implementations, the base stations 1405a, 1405b include directional antennas to generate two or more directional beams to provide wireless coverage in different sectors. The base stations 1405a, 1405b may communicate directly with each other wirelessly or via a wired interface including a direct wired interface, a wired network, or the Internet.

[0133] The core network 1425 can communicate with one or more base stations 1405a, 1405b. The core network 1425 provides connections with other wireless communication systems and wired communication systems. The core network may include one or more service subscription databases to store information related to subscribed wireless devices 1410a, 1410b, 1410c, and 1410d. The first base station 1405a can provide wireless services based on a first radio access technology, and the second base station 1405b can provide wireless services based on a second radio access technology. Depending on the deployment scenario, base stations 1405a and 1405b can be co-located or installed separately on site. Wireless devices 1410a, 1410b, 1410c, and 1410d can support a variety of different radio access technologies. The techniques and embodiments described in this document may be implemented by the base stations described in this document or by wireless devices.

[0134] Fig.15 1505 is a block diagram representation of a portion of a radio station according to one or more embodiments of the present technology to which it may be applied. A radio 1505 (such as a base station or a wireless device (or UE)) may include an electronic device 1510 (such as a microprocessor) that implements one or more wireless technologies presented in this document. The radio 1505 may include a transceiver electronic device 1515 to send and / or receive wireless signals through one or more communication interfaces (such as an antenna 1520). The radio 1505 may include other communication interfaces for transmitting and receiving data. The radio 1505 may include one or more memories (not explicitly shown) configured to store information (such as data and / or instructions). In some implementations, the processor electronic device 1510 may include at least a portion of the transceiver electronic device 1515. In some embodiments, at least some of the disclosed techniques, modules, or functions are implemented using the radio 1505. In some embodiments, the radio 1505 may be configured to perform the methods described in this document.

[0135] The technical solutions described by the following clauses may preferably be implemented through some embodiments.

[0136] Clause 1. A wireless communication method, comprising: determining by a network node whether to include a paging cause indication in a paging message based on a rule; and transmitting by the network node a paging message according to the determination, wherein the rule stipulates that: in a case where a paging message is being transmitted due to a common paging cause, the paging cause indication is omitted, and in a case where a paging message is being transmitted due to a different paging cause than the common paging cause, the paging message is transmitted by indicating the different paging cause in the paging cause indication.

[0137] Clause 2. The wireless communication method of clause 1, further comprising: transmitting a list of paging causes from the network node to the wireless device, wherein each paging record in the plurality of paging records has associated at least one paging cause from the list of paging causes.

[0138] Clause 3. The wireless communication method of clause 2, further comprising: sorting the paging records into a list according to each paging reason in the list of paging reasons.

[0139] Clause 4. The wireless communication method of clause 3, further comprising: in the absence of an associated paging cause, sorting the paging record to the end of the list.

[0140] Clause 5. The wireless communication method of clause 2, further comprising: determining a common paging cause from among paging causes having a greatest number of associated paging records.

[0141] Clause 6. The wireless communication method of clause 1, further comprising: assigning a common paging cause to the paging record, otherwise no paging cause.

[0142] Clause 7. The wireless communication method according to Clause 2 further includes: for a paging record having a common paging cause, setting the paging cause to no paging cause.

[0143] Clause 8. A wireless communication method, comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, a paging message including paging reason information; and determining, by the wireless device, a paging reason based on a common paging reason, a paging reason list, and a legacy paging record list, wherein a first element in the paging reason list indicates the paging reason of a first paging record in the legacy paging record list.

[0144] Clause 9. The wireless communication method according to Clause 8 further includes: the wireless device determining that the wireless device has a paging reason by checking whether the paging reason corresponds to the first y entries in the legacy paging record list, where y is the first size of the paging reason list, and the first size is less than or equal to the second size of the legacy paging record list.

[0145] Clause 10. The wireless communication method according to clause 9 further comprises: the wireless device determining a detailed paging reason according to a corresponding value in the paging reason list.

[0146] Clause 11. The wireless communication method according to clause 10, further comprising: for no paging cause existing, using, by the wireless device, a last paging cause indicated in the paging cause list.

[0147] Clause 12. The wireless communication method of clause 10, further comprising: employing, by the wireless device, common paging for absence of a paging cause.

[0148] Clause 13. A method of wireless communication, comprising: transmitting, from a network node to a wireless device, a paging message including one or more paging causes, wherein the paging message further comprises a plurality of paging records for each of the one or more paging causes.

[0149] Clause 14. The wireless communication method of clause 13, wherein each of the one or more paging record volumes corresponds to a different paging cause of the one or more paging causes.

[0150] Clause 15. The wireless communication method of clause 13, wherein the one or more paging causes are arranged in an order of paging causes, wherein the first paging cause is a first paging cause in the order of paging causes.

[0151] Clause 16. The wireless communication method of clause 13, wherein the paging cause is arranged such that a voice paging cause is first.

[0152] Clause 17. The wireless communication method of clause 15, further comprising: arranging the paging records according to the order of paging causes, wherein a first paging record corresponding to a first paging cause is first in the arranged paging records.

[0153] Clause 18. The wireless communication method according to Clause 13 further includes: for each of the one or more paging causes, indicating a start paging record index, which corresponds to the start paging record in the paging records arranged for the corresponding paging causes of the one or more paging causes.

[0154] Clause 19. A wireless communication method, comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, a paging message including a paging reason indication; and determining, by the wireless device, a paging reason based on the paging reason indication, a paging reason list, and a legacy paging record list, wherein the paging reason list includes multiple records for each paging reason in the paging reason list.

[0155] Clause 20. The wireless communication method according to Clause 19 further includes: the wireless device determines that the wireless device has the paging cause by checking whether the paging cause corresponds to the first y entries in the legacy paging record list, where y is the first size of the paging cause list, and the first size is less than or equal to the second size of the legacy paging record list.

[0156] Clause 21. The wireless communication method according to Clause 19, further comprising: determining, by the wireless device, a detailed paging cause according to a corresponding value in the paging cause list.

[0157] Clause 22. The wireless communication method of clause 19, further comprising: determining, by the wireless device, a detailed paging cause based on a plurality of records for each paging cause in the paging cause list.

[0158] Clause 23. A wireless communication method, comprising: determining, by a network node, a first number of paging records from a paging record list having a second number of paging records, wherein the first number of paging records have paging causes from a paging cause list, wherein the paging causes are associated with the first number of paging records; and transmitting, by the network node, a paging message, the size of the paging record list being indicated in the paging message according to the first number of paging records having the paging causes associated therewith.

[0159] Clause 24. The wireless communication method of clause 23, further comprising: arranging the paging records associated with each of the paging causes according to the paging causes.

[0160] Clause 25. The wireless communication method of clause 23, further comprising: transmitting a paging cause for a first paging record in the arranged paging records from among the paging causes, and not transmitting a paging cause for subsequent paging records having the same paging cause.

[0161] Clause 26. The wireless communication method of clause 23, wherein a previous paging cause corresponding to an immediately previous paging record is used for paging records that do not have an associated paging cause from the arranged paging records.

[0162] Clause 27. The wireless communication method of clause 23, wherein the second number is greater than or equal to the first number.

[0163] Clause 28. A wireless communication method, comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, a paging message including a paging reason indication; and determining, by the wireless device, a paging reason based on the paging reason indication, a paging reason list, and a legacy paging record list, wherein a first element in the paging reason list indicates a first paging reason for a first paging record in the legacy paging record list.

[0164] Clause 29. The wireless communication method according to clause 28 further comprises: determining, by the wireless device, a detailed paging cause according to a corresponding value in the paging cause list.

[0165] Clause 30. The wireless communication method of clause 28, further comprising: determining, by the wireless device, a detailed paging cause based on a plurality of records for each paging cause in the paging cause list.

[0166] Clause 31. A method of wireless communication, comprising: transmitting, by a network node to a wireless device, an indication that the network node is capable of performing multiple SIM handover and release, wherein the indication is carried in a system information message or a non-access stratum message.

[0167] Clause 32. The wireless communication method of clause 31, further comprising: transmitting, by the network node to the wireless device, an indication of the length of the timer.

[0168] Clause 33. A wireless communication method, comprising: receiving, at a wireless device, a plurality of wireless device identifiers for the wireless device; and selecting, by the wireless device, one of the plurality of wireless device identifiers based on a paging control channel (PCCH) configuration in a neighboring cell that avoids paging conflicts.

[0169] Clause 34. The wireless communication method of clause 33, further comprising: transmitting, by the wireless device, the selected wireless device identifier to a network.

[0170] Clause 35. The wireless communication method of clause 33, wherein the plurality of wireless device identifiers are received via a registration accept message.

[0171] Clause 36. The wireless communication method of clause 33, wherein the selected wireless device identifier is indicated to the network by an index sent via a registration accept complete message.

[0172] In the technical solutions described in the form of clauses herein, the network node may be a network device or a network-side device (such as a base station). The wireless device may be any type of wireless device as described above.

[0173] Fig.14 An example hardware platform for implementing a network node or wireless device is shown.

[0174] It will be understood that this document discloses techniques that can be implemented in various embodiments to establish multi-SIM functionality in a cellular network. The disclosed and other embodiments, modules and functional operations described in this document can be implemented in digital electronic device circuit systems or in computer software, firmware or hardware, including the structures disclosed in this document and their structural equivalents, or one or more combinations thereof. The disclosed and other embodiments can be implemented as one or more computer program products, i.e., one or more computer program instruction modules encoded on a computer-readable medium, for execution by a data processing device or for controlling the operation of the data processing device. The computer-readable medium can be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readable storage substrate, a memory device, a material composition that affects a machine-readable propagation signal, or one or more combinations thereof. The term "data processing device" covers all devices, equipment and machines for processing data, including by way of example a programmable processor, a computer or multiple processors or computers. In addition to hardware, the device may also include code that creates an execution environment for the computer program in question, for example, code constituting processor firmware, a protocol stack, a database management system, an operating system, or one or more combinations thereof. A propagated signal is an artificially generated signal (eg, a machine-generated electrical, optical, or electromagnetic signal) that is generated to encode information for transmission to suitable receiver apparatus.

[0175] A computer program (also referred to as a program, software, software application, script, or code) may be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it may be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program does not necessarily correspond to a file in a file system. A program may be stored in a portion of a file containing other programs or data (e.g., one or more scripts stored in a markup language document), in a single file dedicated to the program in question, or in multiple coordinated files (e.g., files storing portions of one or more modules, subroutines, or code). A computer program may be deployed to execute on one computer or on multiple computers located at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communications network.

[0176] The processes and logic flows described in this document may be performed by one or more programmable processors executing one or more computer programs to perform functions by operating on input data and generating output. The processes and logic flows may also be performed by, and the apparatus may also be implemented as, a special purpose logic circuit system, such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit).

[0177] Processors suitable for the execution of computer programs include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any type of digital computer. Typically, the processor will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory or a random access memory, or both. The essential elements of a computer are a processor for executing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Typically, a computer will also include or be operatively coupled to receive data from or transfer data to or both of one or more mass storage devices (e.g., magnetic, magneto-optical, or optical disks) for storing data. However, a computer need not have such devices. Computer-readable media suitable for storing computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, media, and memory devices, including, by way of example, semiconductor memory devices, such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor and memory may be supplemented by or incorporated in a dedicated logic circuit system.

[0178] Some embodiments may preferably implement one or more of the following solutions listed in a clause format. The following clauses are supported and further described in the above examples and this document. As used in the following clauses and claims, a wireless terminal may be a user equipment, a mobile station, or any other wireless terminal including a fixed node (such as a base station). A network node includes a base station, which includes a next generation Node B (gNB), an enhanced Node B (eNB), or any other device that performs as a base station. A resource range may refer to a range of time-frequency resources or blocks.

Claims

1. A wireless communication method, comprising: transmitting, by a first network node to a multi-subscriber identity module MUSIM wireless device, an indication that the first network node is capable of performing MUSIM switching and release, wherein the indication further indicates a plurality of identifiers for the MUSIM wireless device; receiving, by the first network node, a response from the MUSIM wireless device, wherein the response indicates a selection of one of the plurality of identifiers as an identifier for the MUSIM wireless device; Determining, by the first network node based on a rule, whether to include a paging cause indication in a paging message to the MUSIM wireless device; as well as transmitting, by the first network node, the paging message to the MUSIM wireless device according to the determination, wherein the MUSIM wireless device is connected to a second network node; The rules state that: In case the paging message is being transmitted due to a common paging reason, the paging reason indication is omitted, and in case the paging message is being transmitted due to a different paging cause than the common paging cause, the paging message is transmitted by indicating the different paging cause in the paging cause indication, The paging cause indication includes a triggering cause for the paging message, wherein the triggering cause enables the MUSIM wireless device to determine whether to operate in a dual connectivity state with the first network node and the second network node.

2. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, further comprising: A list of paging causes is transmitted from the first network node to the MUSIM wireless device, wherein each paging record of a plurality of paging records has associated at least one paging cause from the list of paging causes.

3. The wireless communication method according to claim 2, further comprising: According to each paging reason in the list of paging reasons, the paging records are sorted into a list.

4. The wireless communication method according to claim 3, further comprising: In the absence of an associated paging cause, the paging record is sorted to the end of the list of paging causes.

5. The wireless communication method according to claim 2, further comprising: The common paging cause is determined from among the paging causes having a largest number of associated paging records.

6. The wireless communication method according to claim 1, further comprising: The common paging reason is assigned to the paging record, otherwise there is no paging reason.

7. The wireless communication method according to claim 2, further comprising: For the paging record with the common paging reason, the paging reason is set to no paging reason exists. 8 . The wireless communication method according to claim 1 , wherein the indication further includes configuration information related to a timer used in the MUSIM switching.

9. A computer program product having a code stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A wireless communication method, comprising: receiving, by a Multi Subscriber Identity Module (MUSIM) wireless device, from a first network node an indication that the first network node is capable of performing MUSIM switching and release, wherein the indication further indicates a plurality of identifiers for the MUSIM wireless device; transmitting, by the MUSIM wireless device, a response to the first network node, wherein the response indicates a selection of one of the plurality of identifiers as an identifier of the MUSIM wireless device; receiving, by the MUSIM wireless device, a paging message from the first network node, the paging message including a rule-based paging cause indication, wherein the MUSIM wireless device is connected to a second network node; The rules state that: In case the paging message is due to a common paging cause, the paging cause indication is omitted, and In the case where the paging message is due to a different paging cause than the common paging cause, the paging message indicates the different paging cause in the paging cause indication, The paging cause indication includes a triggering cause for the paging message, wherein the triggering cause enables the MUSIM wireless device to determine whether to operate in a dual connectivity state with the first network node and the second network node.

11. The wireless communication method according to claim 10, further comprising: A list of paging causes is received by the MUSIM wireless device from the first network node, wherein each paging record of a plurality of paging records has associated at least one paging cause from the list of paging causes.

12. The wireless communication method according to claim 11, wherein the list of paging causes includes the common paging cause determined from among paging causes having a largest number of associated paging records.

13. The wireless communication method according to claim 11, wherein the list of paging causes includes a paging cause set to a non-existent paging cause for a paging record having the common paging cause. 14 . The wireless communication method according to claim 10 , wherein the indication further comprises configuration information related to a timer used in the MUSIM switching.

15. A computer program product having stored thereon a code which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement the method according to any one of claims 10 to 14.

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