Multi-axle drive hybrid power system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-axle drive hybrid system, including a mechanical drive unit, an electric drive unit, a two-in-one motor control unit, a main control unit, an engine control unit, and a power battery pack. The two-in-one motor control unit is connected to the electric drive unit, and the engine control unit is connected to the mechanical drive unit; the main control unit is electrically connected to the two-in-one motor control unit, the engine control unit, and the power battery pack, respectively. In the multi-axle drive hybrid system and vehicle provided by the invention, the mechanical drive unit is implemented based on current traditional fuel power technology and a high-torque component platform. The new energy power electric drive unit can be driven simultaneously with the transmission fuel power mechanical drive unit or independently for short distances in pure electric mode. It is suitable for multi-axle heavy-duty vehicles, especially multi-axle engineering vehicles, and can provide greater driving capacity while taking into account good fuel economy, environmental protection, high reliability, and modular scalability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hybrid power, and in particular discloses a multi-axle drive hybrid power system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the heavy-duty truck segment, where mileage is less critical, such as dump trucks and sanitation vehicles, pure electric heavy-duty trucks are gaining popularity thanks to their superior economy and environmental performance compared to traditional fuel-powered vehicles. In the heavy-duty logistics sector, which requires heavy loads and long distances, numerous manufacturers have introduced hybrid heavy-duty trucks, utilizing parallel hybrid technology to improve fuel efficiency while also addressing the limited range of pure electric vehicles. However, in the multi-axle, heavy-duty construction vehicle sector, pure electric technology faces a range challenge that will not see a fundamental breakthrough in the near term. Hybrid technology, constrained by current motor and transmission limitations, struggles to achieve high power and torque, severely hindering the application and promotion of new energy power technologies in construction vehicles.

[0003] The patent document with publication number CN201310581600.7 discloses a multi-axle wheeled vehicle hybrid electric drive system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the drive system consists of a mechanical drive section and an electric drive section. Within the mechanical drive section, the engine 1 and transmission 3 are arranged longitudinally, with an elastic coupling 2 interposed between them. Transmission 3 is connected to a transfer case 4, which distributes the power to the axles via the drive axle. Within the electric drive section, wheel-side drive motors 8, coupled with a second-speed transmission 7, drive the axles. These motors 8 are connected to an energy management system 21, which is connected to a power battery pack 22 and transmission 3, respectively. This simplifies the drive structure and addresses layout difficulties, but the problem of insufficient power remains. This is primarily due to the impact of hybrid transmissions, the core technology of hybrid power. Currently, high-torque, multi-speed hybrid transmissions require specialized development, resulting in immature technology and high development costs. This limits the driving capability of the mechanical drive section, particularly poor starting and acceleration performance in the event of a failure of the electric drive section, resulting in insufficient vehicle power. The hybrid transmission only provides full power and torque at medium and high speeds, while high low-speed torque and hill-climbing torque are provided by the electric drive section or in parallel. Another shortcoming is that the control method of using a main controller to control all wheel-side motors makes the electric drive section not very scalable. Every time an electric drive axle is added, the drive mode will undergo fundamental changes, and the corresponding control strategies and programs need to be changed accordingly.

[0004] Therefore, the above-mentioned defects of the existing axle-wheel vehicle hybrid electric drive system are technical problems that need to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The invention provides a multi-axle drive hybrid power system and vehicle, aiming to solve the above-mentioned defects of the existing axle-wheel vehicle hybrid electric drive system.

[0006] According to one aspect of the invention, a multi-axis drive hybrid system is provided, comprising a mechanical drive unit, an electric drive unit, a two-in-one motor control unit, a main control unit, an engine control unit and a power battery pack, wherein the two-in-one motor control unit is connected to the electric drive unit, and the engine control unit is connected to the mechanical drive unit; the main control unit is electrically connected to the mechanical drive unit, the two-in-one motor control unit, the engine control unit and the power battery pack respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the electric drive unit includes an electric drive axle and wheels. The electric drive axle is provided with a drive motor, the drive motor is connected to the wheels through a transmission shaft, and the two-in-one motor control unit is electrically connected to the drive motor.

[0008] Furthermore, the electric drive axle includes a first electric drive axle and a second electric drive axle, the two-in-one motor control unit includes a first two-in-one motor control unit and a second two-in-one motor control unit, the first electric drive axle is provided with a first drive motor and a second drive motor, the second electric drive axle is provided with a third drive motor and a fourth drive motor, the first two-in-one motor control unit is electrically connected to the first drive motor and the second drive motor respectively, and the second two-in-one motor control unit is electrically connected to the third drive motor and the fourth drive motor respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the mechanical drive unit includes a powertrain, which includes an engine, a clutch and a transmission. The transmission is connected to the engine via the clutch, and the engine control unit is electrically connected to the engine.

[0010] Furthermore, the mechanical drive unit includes a generator, a clutch transmission and a transfer case, the transfer case is connected to the generator through the clutch transmission, and the main control unit is electrically connected to the generator.

[0011] Furthermore, a mechanical drive axle is provided on the mechanical drive unit, and the transfer case is connected to the mechanical drive axle via a transmission shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the mechanical drive axle includes a first mechanical drive axle, a second mechanical drive axle and a third mechanical drive axle, and the transfer case is connected to the first mechanical drive axle, the second mechanical drive axle and the third mechanical drive axle respectively through a transmission shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the clutch transmission and the transfer case are designed as an integrated unit, or the clutch transmission and the generator are designed as an integrated unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the first two-in-one motor control unit and the first electric drive axle constitute a first electric drive module, and the second two-in-one motor control unit and the second electric drive axle constitute a second electric drive module.

[0015] According to one aspect of the present invention, a multi-axle drive hybrid vehicle is provided, comprising a vehicle body and a multi-axle drive hybrid system provided on the vehicle body.

[0016] The beneficial effects achieved by the invention are:

[0017] The invention provides a multi-axle drive hybrid system and vehicle, which utilizes a mechanical drive unit, an electric drive unit, a two-in-one motor control unit, a main control unit, an engine control unit, and a power battery pack. The two-in-one motor control unit is connected to the electric drive unit, and the engine control unit is connected to the mechanical drive unit. The main control unit is electrically connected to the mechanical drive unit, the two-in-one motor control unit, the engine control unit, and the power battery pack, respectively. The main control unit realizes the drive coupling between the electric drive unit and the mechanical drive unit, and controls the charging of the power battery pack using the electric energy generated by the mechanical drive unit. The multi-axle drive hybrid system and vehicle provided by the invention utilizes a mechanical drive unit based on current traditional fuel power technology and a high-torque component platform. The new energy power electric drive unit can be coupled with the transmission fuel power mechanical drive unit, and can also be driven independently for short distances in pure electric mode. It is suitable for multi-axle heavy-duty vehicles, especially multi-axle engineering vehicles, and can provide greater driving capacity while taking into account good fuel economy, environmental protection, high reliability, and modular scalability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the layout of an embodiment of a conventional multi-axle wheeled vehicle hybrid electric drive system;

[0019] Figure 2 A functional block diagram of an embodiment of a multi-shaft drive hybrid system provided by the invention;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the layout of an embodiment of a multi-shaft drive hybrid system provided by the invention.

[0021] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0022] 10. Mechanical drive unit; 20. Electric drive unit; 30. Two-in-one motor control unit; 40. Main control unit; 50. Engine control unit; 60. Power battery pack; 21. Electric drive axle; 22. Drive motor; 211. First electric drive axle; 212. Second electric drive axle; 31. First two-in-one motor control unit; 32. Second two-in-one motor control unit; 221. First drive motor; 222. Second drive motor; 223. Third drive motor; 224. Fourth drive motor; 11. Powertrain; 111. Engine; 112. Clutch; 113. Transmission; 12. Generator; 13. Clutch transmission; 14. Transfer case; 15. Mechanical drive axle; 151. First mechanical drive axle; 152. Second mechanical drive axle; 153. Third mechanical drive axle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, one embodiment of the invention proposes a multi-axle hybrid drive system, comprising a mechanical drive unit 10, an electric drive unit 20, a two-in-one motor control unit 30, a main control unit 40, an engine control unit 50, and a power battery pack 60. The two-in-one motor control unit 30 is connected to the electric drive unit 20, and the engine control unit 50 is connected to the mechanical drive unit 10. The main control unit 40 is electrically connected to the mechanical drive unit 10, the two-in-one motor control unit 30, the engine control unit 50, and the power battery pack 60, respectively, to achieve drive coupling between the electric drive unit 20 and the mechanical drive unit 10 and control the charging of the power battery pack 60 using the electrical energy generated by the mechanical drive unit 10. In this embodiment, the mechanical drive unit can utilize mature fuel-powered technology currently available in the industry, with a high-power engine, clutch, and high-torque transmission forming the power output. The electric drive unit 20 utilizes distributed new energy electric drive technology.

[0025] The multi-axle drive hybrid power system provided in this embodiment adopts hybrid power technology, utilizes existing traditional power technology and component platforms, and integrates new energy power technology. It can not only improve fuel efficiency, save energy and reduce emissions, and take mileage into consideration, but also achieve high power, large torque, and high reliability output, which is of great significance to multi-axle heavy-load vehicles.

[0026] In the above structure, see Figure 2 and Figure 3In the multi-axle hybrid drive system provided in this embodiment, the electric drive unit 20 includes an electric drive axle 21 and wheels. The electric drive axle 21 is provided with a drive motor 22, which is connected to the wheels via a transmission shaft. The two-in-one motor control unit 30 is electrically connected to the drive motor 22. Specifically, the electric drive axle 21 includes a first electric drive axle 211 and a second electric drive axle 212. The two-in-one motor control unit 30 includes a first two-in-one motor control unit 31 and a second two-in-one motor control unit 32. The first electric drive axle 211 is provided with a first drive motor 221 and a second drive motor 222, and the second electric drive axle 212 is provided with a third drive motor 223 and a fourth drive motor 224. The first two-in-one motor control unit 31 is electrically connected to the first drive motor 221 and the second drive motor 222, respectively, and the second two-in-one motor control unit 32 is electrically connected to the third drive motor 223 and the fourth drive motor 224, respectively. In this embodiment, the first two-in-one motor control unit 31 and the first electric drive axle 211 constitute a first electric drive module, and the second two-in-one motor control unit 32 and the second electric drive axle 212 constitute a second electric drive module. The power battery pack 60 is connected to the two-in-one motor control unit 30 through the main control unit 40, and then connected to the drive motors on each electric drive axle 21 through the two-in-one motor control unit 30. The drive motors are then connected to the wheels through the drive shaft, thereby realizing distributed drive of each wheel. In the multi-axle drive hybrid system provided by this embodiment, the main control unit 40 controls the two drive motors on the electric drive axle 21 through the two-in-one motor control unit 30. The two-in-one motor control unit 30 and the electric drive axle 21 constitute an electric drive module. By adding electric drive modules, more electric drive units for more axles can be realized. The electric drive unit 20 adopts modular distributed new energy electric drive technology and does not have transmission components such as a transmission, drive shaft, and drive axle. It has a simple structure, convenient layout, light weight, and good scalability.

[0027] Preferably, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The multi-axle hybrid drive system provided in this embodiment comprises a mechanical drive unit 10 including a powertrain 11, which includes an engine 111, a clutch 112, and a transmission 113. The transmission 113 is connected to the engine 111 via the clutch 112, and the engine control unit 50 is electrically connected to the engine 111. In this embodiment, the engine 111 is a high-power engine, and the transmission 113 is a high-torque transmission. The multi-axle hybrid drive system provided in this embodiment utilizes existing fuel-powered powertrain technology and a high-torque component platform. This mature technology is fully equipped, enabling high-torque drive without the constraints of a hybrid transmission.

[0028] Further, see Figure 2 and Figure 3In the multi-axle hybrid drive system provided in this embodiment, the mechanical drive unit 10 includes a generator 12, a clutch transmission 13, and a transfer case 14. The transfer case 14 is connected to the generator 12 via the clutch transmission 13, and the main control unit 40 is electrically connected to the generator 12. A mechanical drive axle 15 is provided on the mechanical drive unit 10, and the transfer case 14 is connected to the mechanical drive axle 15 via a transmission shaft. Specifically, the mechanical drive axle 15 includes a first mechanical drive axle 151, a second mechanical drive axle 152, and a third mechanical drive axle 153. The transfer case 14 is connected to the first mechanical drive axle 151, the second mechanical drive axle 152, and the third mechanical drive axle 153 via transmission shafts, respectively. The multi-axle hybrid system provided in this embodiment combines a mechanical drive unit 10 and an electric drive unit 20 to facilitate full-bridge drive, providing ample driving force for the vehicle. Alternatively, each unit can be driven independently to provide highly reliable redundant power for vehicle travel. Power is output from the transfer case of the mechanical drive unit 10, driving the generator 12 to generate electricity and replenish energy for the power battery pack 60. Furthermore, outputting power from the transmission of the mechanical drive unit 10 is also feasible, and this is preferred. The generator 12 also has an electric motor function and can provide a power take-off port for the vehicle as needed.

[0029] Preferably, the clutch transmission 13 and the transfer case 14 are designed as an integral whole, or the clutch transmission 13 and the generator 12 are designed as an integral whole. The clutch transmission 13 has a clutch function and a speed change function. The clutch transmission 13 and the transfer case 14 can be designed as an integral whole, or the clutch transmission 13 and the generator 12 can be designed as an integral whole. In the multi-axis drive hybrid system provided in this embodiment, the clutch transmission 13 connected to the transfer case 14 has a clutch function and a speed change function, which can facilitate the connection and disconnection of the mechanical drive unit 10 and the electric drive unit 20, and can also increase the output speed through its speed change function to keep the generator in a high-efficiency range. Preferably, the speed change function of the clutch transmission 13 is a speed-up function, and the speed ratio range is 0.2 to 1.

[0030] According to one aspect of the present invention, a multi-axle drive hybrid vehicle is provided, comprising a vehicle body and a multi-axle drive hybrid system provided on the vehicle body, which will not be described in detail herein.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the multi-axle drive hybrid system and vehicle provided in this embodiment have the following working principles:

[0032] The multi-axle hybrid drive system consists of a mechanical drive unit 10 and an electric drive unit 20. Each of the mechanical drive unit 10 and the electric drive unit 20 can drive the vehicle independently or in combination. The mechanical drive unit 10 and the electric drive unit 20 have the following operating modes:

[0033] The working modes include mechanical drive mode, hybrid drive mode and pure electric drive mode.

[0034] The first operating mode is mechanical drive mode. In this mode, the main control unit 40 controls the engine control unit 50, which drives the mechanical drive unit 10 to mechanically drive the vehicle. Specifically, the engine control unit 50 rotates the engine 111, synchronously driving the clutch 12, transmission 113, and transfer case 14. The transfer case 14 is connected to the drive shaft to achieve front and rear power transfer, and the drive shaft is connected to each drive axle, thereby achieving multi-axle drive. At the same time, the transfer case 14 is connected to the clutch transmission 13 via a drive shaft, and the clutch transmission 13 is connected to the engine 111 via a drive shaft, allowing the mechanical drive unit 10 to drive the generator 12 to charge the power battery pack 60. In this mechanical drive mode, only the mechanical drive unit 10 is driving, similar to traditional fuel-powered technology. In this mode, the electric drive axle 21 is in a follow-up auxiliary state.

[0035] The second working mode is the hybrid drive mode. In the hybrid drive mode, the main control unit 40 controls the operation of the engine control unit 50 and the two-in-one motor control unit 30. The mechanical drive unit 10 and the electric drive unit 20 are driven by the engine control unit 50 and the two-in-one motor control unit 30 at the same time. The two-in-one motor control unit 30 drives the drive motors on each electric drive axle 21 to rotate, and the drive motors are then connected to the wheels through the drive shaft, thereby realizing distributed drive of each wheel; the drive coupling between the electric drive unit 20 and the mechanical drive unit 10 is realized through the main control unit 20.

[0036] The third operating mode is pure electric drive mode. In this mode, the main control unit 40 controls the two-in-one motor control unit 30, which drives the drive motors on each electric drive axle 21 to rotate. The drive motors are then connected to the wheels via drive shafts, achieving distributed drive for each wheel. In this pure electric drive mode, only the electric drive unit is in operation, while the mechanical drive axle 15 is in a follower state, enabling short-distance pure electric travel.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the multi-axle drive hybrid system and vehicle provided in this embodiment utilizes a mechanical drive unit, an electric drive unit, a two-in-one motor control unit, a main control unit, an engine control unit, and a power battery pack. The two-in-one motor control unit is connected to the electric drive unit, and the engine control unit is connected to the mechanical drive unit. The main control unit is electrically connected to the mechanical drive unit, the two-in-one motor control unit, the engine control unit, and the power battery pack, respectively. The main control unit realizes the drive coupling between the electric drive unit and the mechanical drive unit, and controls the charging of the power battery pack with the electric energy generated by the mechanical drive unit. The multi-axle drive hybrid system and vehicle provided in this embodiment utilizes a mechanical drive unit based on current traditional fuel power technology and a high-torque component platform. The new energy power electric drive unit can be coupled to the transmission fuel power mechanical drive unit, and can also be driven independently for short distances in a pure electric manner. The multi-axle drive hybrid system and vehicle provided in this embodiment are suitable for multi-axle heavy-duty vehicles, especially multi-axle engineering vehicles, and can provide greater driving capacity while taking into account good fuel economy, environmental protection, high reliability, and modular scalability.

[0038] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once informed of the basic inventive concepts, may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as covering the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the invention is intended to cover such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-axle drive hybrid system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mechanical drive unit (10), an electric drive unit (20), a two-in-one motor control unit (30), a main control unit (40), an engine control unit (50) and a power battery pack (60), wherein the two-in-one motor control unit (30) is connected to the electric drive unit (20), and the engine control unit (50) is connected to the mechanical drive unit (10); and the main control unit (40) is electrically connected to the mechanical drive unit (10), the two-in-one motor control unit (30), the engine control unit (50) and the power battery pack (60) respectively. The electric drive unit (20) includes an electric drive bridge (21) and wheels, a drive motor (22) is provided on the electric drive bridge (21), the drive motor (22) is connected to the wheels via a transmission shaft, and the two-in-one motor control unit (30) is electrically connected to the drive motor (22); The electric drive bridge (21) comprises a first electric drive bridge (211) and a second electric drive bridge (212); the two-in-one motor control unit (30) comprises a first two-in-one motor control unit (31) and a second two-in-one motor control unit (32); the first electric drive bridge (211) is provided with a first drive motor (221) and a second drive motor (222); the second electric drive bridge (212) is provided with a third drive motor (223) and a fourth drive motor (224); the first two-in-one motor control unit (31) is electrically connected to the first drive motor (221) and the second drive motor (222), respectively; the second two-in-one motor control unit (32) is electrically connected to the third drive motor (223) and the fourth drive motor (224); The mechanical drive unit (10) includes a powertrain (11), the powertrain (11) includes an engine (111), a clutch (112) and a transmission (113), the transmission (113) is connected to the engine (111) via the clutch (112), and the engine control unit (50) is electrically connected to the engine (111); The mechanical drive unit (10) comprises a generator (12), a clutch transmission (13) and a transfer case (14); the transfer case (14) is connected to the generator (12) via the clutch transmission (13); and the main control unit (40) is electrically connected to the generator (12).

2. The multi-shaft drive hybrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical drive unit (10) is provided with a mechanical drive bridge (15), and the transfer case (14) is connected to the mechanical drive bridge (15) via a transmission shaft.

3. The multi-shaft drive hybrid system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mechanical drive axle (15) comprises a first mechanical drive axle (151), a second mechanical drive axle (152) and a third mechanical drive axle (153); the transfer case (14) is respectively connected to the first mechanical drive axle (151), the second mechanical drive axle (152) and the third mechanical drive axle (153) via a transmission shaft.

4. The multi-shaft drive hybrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clutch transmission (13) and the transfer case (14) are designed as an integrated unit, or the clutch transmission (13) and the generator (12) are designed as an integrated unit; the speed ratio range of the clutch transmission (13) is 0.2 to 1.

5. The multi-shaft drive hybrid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first two-in-one motor control unit (31) and the first electric drive bridge (211) form a first electric drive module, and the second two-in-one motor control unit (32) and the second electric drive bridge (212) form a second electric drive module.

6. A multi-axle drive hybrid vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vehicle body and a multi-axle drive hybrid power system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 arranged on the vehicle body.

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