Method and apparatus for simulating silicone oil tamponade for the treatment of retinal detachment

Abstract

The application discloses a silicone oil filling simulation method and device for assisting treatment of retinal detachment, and the method comprises the following steps: constructing an eyeball wall model of a patient according to an elastic solid modeling method, and maintaining the incompressibility of the eyeball wall by adopting an implicit iterative correction pressure method based on the number density; for the scene of filling silicone oil in the intraocular cavity during surgery, the silicone oil is regarded as a high-viscosity incompressible Newton fluid, and the interaction between the silicone oil and the eyeball wall is simulated according to the coupling method between the fluid and the elastic solid; and the three-phase coupling environment composed of water, silicone oil and the eyeball wall generated by the aqueous humor entering the vitreous cavity after surgery is simulated, and the emulsification phenomenon of the water and the silicone oil occurring at the immiscible boundary is simulated. According to the technical scheme of the application, the eyeball wall is constructed according to the elastic solid modeling method, the filling environment is visualized, and the dynamic interaction generated by the filling is simulated through the volume incompressible model based on the number density, so that accurate quantitative analysis can be provided for the surgical treatment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of computer graphics fluid simulation, and particularly relates to a silicone oil filling simulation method and device for assisting treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a common primary ophthalmic disease caused by the detachment between the retinal nerve epithelial layer and the pigment epithelial layer due to retinal holes. A main treatment method for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is vitrectomy combined with silicone oil intraocular filling to achieve the effect of retinal repositioning. Vitreous is a gelatinous substance with viscoelasticity, transparency and permeability, which is located between the lens and the retina. Silicone oil has been applied as a vitreous substitute due to its stable physical and chemical properties and good biological tolerance, and can be safely filled in the eye. However, in the vitrectomy combined with silicone oil intraocular filling surgery, due to the difficulty in determining the filling amount of silicone oil and the existence of silicone oil emulsification, a series of intraocular complications may be caused, such as corneal lesions, glaucoma, etc. Therefore, providing quantitative analysis and visual display for the process of the surgery has a significant effect on assisting to solve the above problems.

[0003] Since the outer structure of the eyeball and the vitreous body are both elastic solids, they can be processed according to the method of elastic solids in computer simulation. When simulating elastic solids, a method for measuring displacement and calculating gradient needs to be introduced to meet the physical calculation requirements. At present, in the particle-based method, the main methods include the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method and the Moving Least Squares method (MLS). However, in the simulation scene where the elastic solid needs to be coupled with the fluid, it is difficult to ensure that the elastic solid still maintains the incompressible property during the deformation process, which may easily lead to the penetration of fluid particles at the fluid-structure boundary.

[0004] The water existing in the vitreous body and the silicone oil filled in the surgery have the form and characteristics of fluid, and follow the dynamics law of the Navier-Stokes equation in physics. According to the immiscible relationship between the silicone oil and the water, the silicone oil can be simulated according to the method of non-mixed multi-phase fluid. The phases in the non-mixed fluid usually do not merge together, and the fluid can be simulated by a grid-based method or a particle-based method. In the SPH framework, one method is to calculate the collision of particles explicitly and adjust the particle position, and the other method is to assign different labels and physical properties to particles of different phases, but these methods are prone to cause interphase discontinuity problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The application provides a silicone oil filling simulation method and device for assisting in treating rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, provides a visualization method for vitrectomy combined with silicone oil filling surgery for treating rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, realizes quantitative analysis on the filling amount and removal time of the silicone oil, and simulates the state of the silicone oil in the intraocular cavity, so as to help doctors determine the ideal filling amount of the silicone oil in the surgery and solve the problem that the emulsification of the silicone oil is difficult to predict.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the application provides the following technical solutions.

[0007] In one aspect, the application provides a silicone oil filling simulation method for assisting in treating rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and the silicone oil filling simulation method for assisting in treating rhegmatogenous retinal detachment comprises the following steps.

[0008] A patient eyeball wall model is constructed according to an elastic solid modeling method, the intraocular silicone oil filling environment is simulated, and a quantity density-based implicit iteration correction pressure method is used to keep the incompressible characteristics of the elastic solid;

[0009] Based on the constructed eyeball wall model, the filled silicone oil is regarded as a high-viscosity incompressible Newton fluid, the scene of filling the silicone oil in the intraocular cavity in the surgery is simulated, and the interaction between the silicone oil and the eyeball wall is simulated according to the coupling method between the fluid and the elastic solid.

[0010] Based on the constructed eyeball wall model, a three-phase coupling environment composed of water, silicone oil and the eyeball wall generated by the entry of the aqueous humor into the vitreous cavity after the surgery is simulated, the emulsification phenomenon of the water and the silicone oil in the immiscible boundary in the three-phase coupling environment is simulated, and the emulsification speed of the filled silicone oil is simulated.

[0011] Further, the patient eyeball wall model is constructed according to the elastic solid modeling method, the intraocular silicone oil filling environment is simulated, and the quantity density-based implicit iteration correction pressure method is used to keep the incompressible characteristics of the elastic solid, and the method comprises the following steps.

[0012] obtaining an eyeball parameter for constructing a three-dimensional model of an eyeball, and constructing an eyeball model; wherein the eyeball parameter comprises: intraocular pressure, eyeball diameter, superior-inferior diameter, horizontal diameter and anteroposterior diameter of vitreous cavity;

[0013] discretizing and particle sampling the eyeball model by a three-dimensional point cloud sampling algorithm;

[0014] following the biomechanical characteristics of the eyeball wall of the human body, using the corresponding Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio to model the elastic body of the eyeball wall structure, and constructing an eyeball wall model to simulate the intraocular silicone oil filling environment;

[0015] calculating the deformation gradient, stress and strain of the eyeball wall model under different stress environments, and obtaining the compressible intermediate state of the eyeball wall under the action of elastic force;

[0016] iteratively correcting the number density by the pressure force generated by the pressure gradient to ensure the incompressibility of the eyeball wall.

[0017] Further, the simulation of the interaction between the silicone oil and the eyeball wall comprises:

[0018] analyzing the stress condition of the silicone oil after filling in the eye, calculating the physical field and completing the dynamics simulation based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method and the Navier-Stokes equation;

[0019] Considering the coupling between fluid and elastic solid, the contribution of boundary particles to fluid particles is approximately calculated by sampling the eyeball wall surface with intraocular boundary particles, and the adhesion effect between fluid and solid boundary is simulated.

[0020] Combining the inter-particle cohesive force and the curvature force that can minimize the surface area, the surface tension between the silicone oil and the eyeball wall is calculated, and the spreading effect of the silicone oil on the retina is simulated.

[0021] Further, the sampling of the eyeball wall surface with intraocular boundary particles, and the approximate calculation of the contribution of boundary particles to fluid particles, comprises:

[0022] Sampling the eyeball wall surface with intraocular boundary particles, calculating the number density and volume of boundary particles within the sampling range based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method, and obtaining the contribution of boundary particles to the physical field involved in the dynamics simulation of fluid particles based on the volume of boundary particles.

[0023] Further, the combination of the inter-particle cohesive force and the curvature force that can minimize the surface area to calculate the surface tension between the silicone oil and the eyeball wall comprises:

[0024] Confirm the surface position between the fluid and the elastic solid by the method of smoothing the color field, measure the surface curvature and the normal vector information perpendicular to the fluid surface;

[0025] Introduce the curvature force proportional to the surface curvature to offset the surface curvature, control the liquid surface shrinkage degree by the surface tension coefficient, and realize the surface area minimization;

[0026] The cohesive force between particles is simulated by using a kernel function, which exhibits both attraction and repulsion phenomena, and a threshold is set to divide the displacement vector between particles, when the distance between adjacent particles is greater than the threshold, the kernel function exhibits a positive attractive force, otherwise, the kernel function exhibits a negative repulsive force.

[0027] Further, the emulsification phenomenon of the water and the silicone oil at the immiscible boundary in the three-phase coupling environment is simulated to simulate the emulsification speed of the filled silicone oil, comprising:

[0028] The content of each fluid phase in each fluid particle is represented by volume fraction, and the physical quantities involved in the simulation process of the fluid particle are calculated based on the volume fraction scheme, so as to describe the distribution and motion state of the fluid;

[0029] According to the physical control equation between particles and within particles, the dynamics simulation of water and silicone oil under the approximate incompressibility is carried out, the phase exchange between different phase fluid particles is calculated, and the numerical value of each physical quantity and volume fraction of the particle at the end of each discrete time is updated, and the emulsification speed of the silicone oil is simulated.

[0030] Further, the dynamics simulation of water and silicone oil under the approximate incompressibility according to the physical control equation between particles and within particles, the phase exchange between different phase fluid particles is calculated, comprising:

[0031] The physical field of the macro fluid particle is calculated, the compressible state of the fluid field under the action of gravity and viscous force is calculated according to the Navier-Stokes equation, and the pressure field is adjusted implicitly based on the number density, so that the mixed fluid composed of water and silicone oil has the volume incompressibility;

[0032] Based on the conservation of mass and momentum within the particle, the velocity difference of the fluid phase within the particle is calculated, and the volume fraction change within the particle caused by the interphase motion in the interaction process is corrected;

[0033] The volume fraction change within the particle caused by interphase diffusion in the interaction process is corrected by using the form of Laplace operator, the emulsification phenomenon of water and silicone oil at the immiscible interface is approximately represented, and the emulsification speed of the silicone oil is simulated by using the diffusion coefficient.

[0034] In another aspect, the present application also provides a silicone oil filling simulation device for assisting in treating retinal detachment due to a hole, comprising:

[0035] An eyeball wall model construction module is configured to construct a patient eyeball wall model according to an elastic solid modeling method, simulate an intraocular silicone oil filling environment, and maintain the incompressibility of the elastic solid by using a quantity density-based implicit iterative correction pressure method;

[0036] An interaction simulation module between silicone oil and eyeball walls is configured to, based on the eyeball wall model constructed by the eyeball wall model construction module, simulate a scene of filling silicone oil in an intraocular cavity during surgery by regarding the filled silicone oil as a high-viscosity incompressible Newton fluid, and simulate the interaction between the silicone oil and the eyeball walls according to a coupling method between the fluid and the elastic solid for the scene of filling silicone oil in the intraocular cavity during surgery.

[0037] A silicone oil emulsification phenomenon simulation module is configured to, based on the eyeball wall model constructed by the eyeball wall model construction module, simulate a three-phase coupling environment composed of water, silicone oil and eyeball walls generated by the entry of aqueous humor into the vitreous cavity after surgery, simulate the silicone oil emulsification phenomenon of the water and the silicone oil in the three-phase coupling environment at an immiscible boundary, and simulate the emulsification speed of the filled silicone oil.

[0038] In yet another aspect, the present application also provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the above method.

[0039] In yet another aspect, the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above method.

[0040] The technical solution provided by the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1、The present application realizes medical information visualization by obtaining parameters for constructing an eyeball three-dimensional model, including intraocular pressure, eyeball diameter, vitreous cavity upper and lower diameter, horizontal diameter, front and back diameter, etc.

[0042] 2、The present application applies numerical calculation method in computational fluid dynamics field to actual medical auxiliary process, realizes the development of subject intersection. In combination with intraocular pressure, silicone oil surface tension and other factors, the relationship between silicone oil filling volume and retina contact area is analyzed, and the minimum silicone oil volume required for repairing hole source retinal detachment is obtained. Through the simulation of diffusion effect between water and silicone oil, the analysis of silicone oil emulsification process and emulsification speed is realized, and the removal time of silicone oil after operation is confirmed, thereby reducing the occurrence of silicone oil complications after operation, and providing a safer and more effective new type of surgical treatment method for hole source retinal detachment and other vitreoretinal diseases.

[0043] 3、The implicit iterative correction pressure method based on number density adopted in the present application can maintain the incompressible characteristics of fluid and elastic solid, and prevent the penetration phenomenon at the boundary. At the same time, the method is applied in the simulation of multiphase immiscible fluid, which can effectively eliminate the visual artifacts generated by the immiscible fluid at the boundary, there is no obvious interval, and support the interaction behavior of multiphase fluid under high density ratio environment, enhance the reality and stability of simulation.

[0044] 4、The present application has strong portability. The intraocular cavity multiphase fluid dynamics analysis adopted can be transplanted to other fluid related calculation analysis in biological tissues, such as local blood circulation, contrast agent injection, cerebrospinal fluid buffer simulation, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0046] Figure 1 is the execution flow diagram of the silicone oil filling simulation method for assisting the treatment of retinal detachment provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 is the internal solid-liquid boundary interaction analysis diagram of eyeball provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 is the visual simulation effect diagram of silicone oil filling intraocular cavity under different Young's modulus provided by the embodiment of the present application; wherein (a) is an eyeball model, (b) is the simulation effect diagram of E=10KPa, (c) is the simulation effect diagram of E=50KPa, and (d) is the simulation effect diagram of E=100KPa;

[0049] Figure 4is a simulation diagram of a silicone oil injection process in different frames provided by an embodiment of the present application; wherein (a) is a simulation diagram of the 28th frame, (b) is a simulation diagram of the 84th frame, and (c) is a simulation diagram of the 280th frame;

[0050] Figure 5 is a simulation effect diagram of intraocular silicone oil at different emulsification speeds provided by an embodiment of the present application; wherein (a) is a simulation effect diagram of an emulsification speed D m = 0.01, (b) is a simulation effect diagram of D m = 0.1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the present application in combination with the drawings.

[0052] First Embodiment

[0053] The present embodiment provides a silicone oil filling simulation method for assisting in treating retinal detachment, which realizes visualization of an intraocular silicone oil filling process and environment based on physical simulation, assists in confirming a theoretical optimal filling amount of silicone oil through numerical analysis, and determines a removal time according to a silicone oil emulsification condition. Thus, accurate quantitative analysis can be provided for surgical treatment. Specifically, the method can assist in evaluating a suitable silicone oil filling amount in surgery, assists in confirming a reasonable silicone oil removal time after surgery, reduces the occurrence of silicone oil emulsification after surgery, and improves the surgical prognosis. The method can be realized by an electronic device. The execution process of the method is shown in Figure 1 , which includes the following steps:

[0054] S1, constructing a patient's eyeball wall model according to an elastic solid modeling method, simulating an intraocular silicone oil filling environment, and adopting an implicit iteration correction pressure method based on number density to maintain the incompressible characteristics of the elastic solid;

[0055] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the role of S1 is to complete three-dimensional modeling and incompressible simulation of the patient's eyeball wall according to its elastic properties, and to realize numerical analysis and visual display of the deformation degree of the eyeball under different stress conditions and pressure conditions; the implementation process is as follows:

[0056] S11, obtaining eyeball parameters for constructing a three-dimensional model of the eyeball, and constructing an eyeball model; wherein the eyeball parameters include intraocular pressure, eyeball diameter, superior-inferior diameter, horizontal diameter and anteroposterior diameter of the vitreous cavity;

[0057] S12, performing discrete particle sampling on the eyeball model through a three-dimensional point cloud sampling algorithm;

[0058] S13, following the biomechanical characteristics of the human eyeball wall, using the corresponding Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio to model the eyeball wall structure as an elastic body, constructing an eyeball wall model to simulate the intraocular silicone oil filling environment;

[0059] S14, calculating the deformation gradient, stress and strain of the eyeball wall model under different stress environments to obtain the compressible intermediate state of the eyeball wall under the action of elastic force;

[0060] S15, iteratively correcting the number density by the pressure gradient generated by the pressure force to ensure the incompressible characteristics of the eyeball wall.

[0061] S2, based on the constructed eyeball wall model, filling the silicone oil as a high-viscosity incompressible Newtonian fluid, simulating the scene of filling silicone oil in the intraocular cavity during surgery, and according to the coupling method between fluid and elastic solid, simulating the interaction between silicone oil and eyeball wall for the scene of filling silicone oil in the intraocular cavity during surgery;

[0062] Specifically, in the embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 the implementation process of S2 is as follows:

[0063] S21, analyzing the stress condition of the silicone oil after filling in the eye, calculating the physical field and completing the dynamics simulation based on the smoothed particle dynamics method and Navier-Stokes equation;

[0064] S22, considering the coupling between fluid and elastic solid, approximating the contribution of boundary particles to fluid particles by sampling the eyeball wall surface with intraocular boundary particles, and simulating the adhesion effect between fluid and solid boundary; wherein, the contribution of boundary particles to fluid particles is approximated by sampling the eyeball wall surface with intraocular boundary particles, and the number density and volume of boundary particles are calculated within the sampling range based on the smoothed particle dynamics method, and the contribution of boundary particles to the physical field involved in the dynamics simulation of fluid particles is obtained based on the volume of boundary particles.

[0065] S23, combining the inter-particle cohesive force and the curvature force that can minimize the surface area, calculating the surface tension between the silicone oil and the eyeball wall, and simulating the spreading effect of the silicone oil on the retina;

[0066] Wherein, the surface tension between the silicone oil and the eyeball wall is calculated by combining the inter-particle cohesive force and the curvature force that can minimize the surface area, and the specific implementation process is as follows:

[0067] S231, confirming the surface position between the fluid and the elastic solid by the method of smoothing the color field, measuring the surface curvature and the normal vector information perpendicular to the fluid surface;

[0068] S232, introduce the curvature force proportional to the surface curvature to offset the surface curvature, control the liquid surface shrinkage degree by the surface tension coefficient, and realize the surface area minimization;

[0069] S233, use a kernel function to simulate the cohesion between particles, which shows as attraction and repulsion, set a threshold to divide the displacement vector between particles, when the distance between adjacent particles is greater than the threshold, the kernel function shows as positive attraction, otherwise, the kernel function shows as negative repulsion.

[0070] S3, based on the constructed eyeball wall model, simulate the three-phase coupling environment composed of water, silicone oil and eyeball wall generated by the postoperative aqueous humor into the vitreous cavity, simulate the silicone oil emulsification phenomenon of water and silicone oil in the immiscible boundary in the three-phase coupling environment, and simulate the emulsification speed of the filled silicone oil.

[0071] Specifically, in the embodiment, the implementation process of S3 is as follows:

[0072] S31, the content of each fluid phase in each fluid particle is represented by volume fraction, and the physical quantities involved in the simulation process of the fluid particle are calculated based on the volume fraction scheme to describe the distribution and motion state of the fluid;

[0073] S32, according to the physical control equation between particles and within particles, the dynamics simulation of water and silicone oil under the approximate incompressible property is carried out, the phase exchange between different phase fluid particles is calculated, the numerical value of each physical quantity and volume fraction of the particle at the end of each discrete time is updated, and the emulsification speed of the silicone oil is simulated.

[0074] Further, according to the physical control equation between particles and within particles, the dynamics simulation of water and silicone oil under the approximate incompressible property is carried out, the phase exchange between different phase fluid particles is calculated, including:

[0075] S321, calculate the physical field of macro fluid particle, calculate the compressible state of fluid field under the action of gravity and viscous force according to Navier-Stokes equation, and based on the number density, the pressure field is adjusted implicitly to make the mixed fluid composed of water and silicone oil have volume incompressibility;

[0076] S322, based on the conservation of mass and momentum within particles, calculate the velocity difference of fluid phase within particles, and correct the volume fraction change within particles caused by the interphase motion in the interaction process;

[0077] S323, use the form of Laplace operator to correct the volume fraction change within particles caused by interphase diffusion in the interaction process, approximately represent the emulsification phenomenon of water and silicone oil at the immiscible interface, and simulate the emulsification speed of the silicone oil through the diffusion coefficient.

[0078] Further, the embodiment verifies the simulation influence of the shape and elastic property of the intraocular cavity on the silicone oil filling surgery by experiments. Figure 3 (a) in FIG. 7 is an eyeball model reconstructed by using the MRI image of a myopic patient, and the bottom thereof is irregularly shaped. Figure 3 (b) to (d) in FIG. 7 are results of investigating the influence of the elastic property on the silicone oil covering the retinal hole by using elastic materials with different Young's modulus.

[0079] Further, the embodiment performs a two-phase interaction simulation experiment of water and silicone oil in the eyeball, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. Figure 4 Figure 5 In the experiment, the white fluid represents the silicone oil, and the transparent fluid represents the water. In the silicone oil injection process, the silicone oil is injected through the left catheter, and the right catheter drains the silicone oil from the intraocular cavity, as shown in FIG. 8. Figure 4 After the injection of the silicone oil is stopped, the emulsification speed of the silicone oil is simulated by adjusting the diffusion coefficient, to assist the doctor in determining the appropriate silicone oil filling amount and postoperative silicone oil removal time. Figure 5 The simulation results of the silicone oil emulsification in the intraocular cavity at the same time after the surgery in different degrees are shown in FIG. 9. Figure 5 The diffusion coefficient of (a) in FIG. 9 is 0.01. Figure 5 The diffusion coefficient of (b) in FIG. 9 is 0.1. That is, the greater the diffusion coefficient is set, the more serious the emulsification of the silicone oil is.

[0080] In summary, the embodiment provides a silicone oil filling simulation method for assisting in treating the retinal break, proposes to complete the modeling based on the Young's modulus and the Poisson ratio, simulate the filling process of the silicone oil in the intraocular cavity, adopt the volume incompressible model based on the number density, and realize the bidirectional coupling simulation of the dynamic interaction process between the multi-phase fluid environment of the silicone oil and water in the intraocular cavity and the elastomer structure in the intraocular cavity. In order to simulate the dynamic interaction process occurring in the intraocular cavity during and after the silicone oil filling surgery, a visual approach is provided to assist the doctor in achieving the best treatment effect with the least amount of silicone oil and reducing the occurrence of postoperative complications.

[0081] Second Embodiment

[0082] The embodiment provides a silicone oil filling simulation device for assisting in treating the retinal break, and the silicone oil filling simulation device for assisting in treating the retinal break comprises the following modules.

[0083] The eyeball wall model construction module is configured to construct a patient eyeball wall model according to an elastic solid modeling method, simulate an intraocular silicone oil filling environment, and adopt an implicit iteration correction pressure method based on the number density to maintain the incompressible property of the elastic solid;

[0084] ​An interaction simulation module between the silicone oil and the eyeball wall, configured to simulate the interaction between the silicone oil and the eyeball wall in a scenario of filling the silicone oil in the intraocular cavity during surgery, based on the eyeball wall model constructed by the eyeball wall model construction module, taking the filled silicone oil as a high-viscosity incompressible Newtonian fluid, and according to a coupling method between a fluid and an elastic solid.

[0085] An emulsification phenomenon simulation module, configured to simulate an emulsification phenomenon of the silicone oil in a three-phase coupling environment composed of water, silicone oil and the eyeball wall, simulate the emulsification phenomenon of the water and the silicone oil in the three-phase coupling environment at an immiscible boundary, and simulate an emulsification speed of the filled silicone oil.

[0086] The silicone oil filling simulation device for assisting in treating the retinal detachment caused by the retinal hole in the embodiment corresponds to the silicone oil filling simulation method for assisting in treating the retinal detachment caused by the retinal hole in the first embodiment. The functions realized by the functional modules in the silicone oil filling simulation device for assisting in treating the retinal detachment caused by the retinal hole in the embodiment correspond to the process steps in the silicone oil filling simulation method for assisting in treating the retinal detachment caused by the retinal hole in the first embodiment. Therefore, the details are not described herein.

[0087] The third embodiment

[0088] The embodiment provides an electronic device, which comprises a processor and a memory; wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method in the first embodiment.

[0089] The electronic device can be different in configuration or performance, and can comprise one or more than one processor (central processing unit, CPU) and one or more than one memory, wherein the memory stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the above method.

[0090] The fourth embodiment

[0091] The embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores at least one instruction, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method in the first embodiment. The computer readable storage medium can be a ROM, a random access memory, a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk and an optical data storage device. The instruction stored in the computer readable storage medium can be loaded and executed by the processor in the terminal to implement the above method.

[0092] Moreover, it should be noted that the present application can be provided as a method, an apparatus, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application embodiments can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application embodiments can take the form of a computer program product on one or more computer-usable storage media (including disks, diskettes, tapes, optical, silicon, solid substrate, etc.) embodying computer-readable instructions.

[0093] The present application embodiments are described with reference to the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of the methods, terminal devices (systems) and computer program products according to the present application embodiments. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing terminal devices to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing terminal devices, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams.

[0094] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing terminal devices to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions means which implement the function specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams.

[0095] It should also be noted that, in the present document, the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or terminal device that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements in the list, but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or terminal device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or terminal device that includes the element.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is of preferred embodiments of the application, and that although preferred embodiments of the application have been described, numerous changes and modifications can be made to the preferred embodiments without departing from the principles of the application, and that such changes and modifications are contemplated as falling within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to embrace all such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for simulating silicone oil filling in the adjunctive treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, characterized in that, include: A patient's eyeball wall model was constructed using an elastic solid modeling method to simulate the silicone oil-filled environment within the eye. An implicit iterative pressure correction method based on number density was employed to maintain the incompressible properties of the elastic solid. This process included: obtaining eyeball parameters for constructing a three-dimensional eyeball model; constructing the eyeball model; the eyeball parameters included: intraocular pressure, eyeball diameter, vertical diameter of the vitreous cavity, horizontal diameter, and anteroposterior diameter; discretizing the eyeball model using a three-dimensional point cloud sampling algorithm; following the biomechanical characteristics of the human eyeball wall, using the corresponding Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio to model the eyeball wall structure as an elastic body, thus simulating the silicone oil-filled environment within the eye; calculating the deformation gradient, stress, and strain of the eyeball wall model under different stress conditions to obtain the compressible intermediate state of the eyeball wall under elastic force; and iteratively correcting the number density using the pressure generated by the pressure gradient to ensure the incompressible properties of the eyeball wall. Based on the constructed eyeball wall model, the silicone oil used for filling is treated as a highly viscous, incompressible Newtonian fluid. The scenario of intraoperative silicone oil filling in the intraocular cavity is simulated. According to the coupling method between fluid and elastic solid, the interaction between silicone oil and the eyeball wall is simulated for the intraocular silicone oil filling scenario. This includes: analyzing the force situation of silicone oil after intraocular filling; calculating the physical field and completing the dynamic simulation based on smooth particle dynamics and the Navier-Stokes equations; considering the coupling between fluid and elastic solid, sampling the surface of the eyeball wall using intraocular boundary particles to approximately calculate the contribution of boundary particles to fluid particles, simulating the adhesion effect between the fluid and solid boundaries; and calculating the surface tension between silicone oil and the eyeball wall by combining interparticle cohesion and curvature force that minimizes surface area, simulating the spreading effect of silicone oil on the retina. Based on the constructed ocular wall model, the three-phase coupled environment consisting of water, silicone oil, and ocular wall generated by the entry of aqueous humor into the vitreous cavity after surgery is simulated. The simulation of silicone oil emulsification at the immiscible boundary of water and silicone oil in the three-phase coupled environment is used to simulate the emulsification rate of silicone oil after filling. This includes: representing the content of each fluid phase in each fluid particle by volume fraction; calculating the physical quantities involved in the fluid particles during the simulation process based on the volume fraction scheme to describe the distribution and motion state of the fluid; performing dynamic simulation of water and silicone oil under approximately incompressible properties according to the physical control equations between and within particles; calculating the phase exchange between different phase fluid particles; updating the values ​​of each physical quantity and volume fraction of the particles after each discrete time step to simulate the emulsification rate of silicone oil.

2. The silicone oil filling simulation method for adjuvant treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method of sampling the surface of the eyeball wall using intraocular boundary particles and approximating the contribution of boundary particles to fluid particles includes: The surface of the eyeball wall is sampled using intraocular boundary particles. Based on the smooth particle dynamics method, the number density and volume of boundary particles are calculated within the sampling range. The contribution of boundary particles to the physical field involved in the fluid particles in the dynamic simulation is obtained based on the volume of the boundary particles.

3. The silicone oil filling simulation method for adjuvant treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the surface tension between silicone oil and the eyeball wall, combining interparticle cohesion and curvature forces that minimize surface area, includes: The surface position between the fluid and the elastic solid was determined by smoothing the color field, and the surface curvature and the normal vector perpendicular to the fluid surface were measured. A curvature force proportional to the surface curvature is introduced to counteract the surface curvature, and the degree of liquid surface contraction is controlled by the surface tension coefficient to minimize the surface area; A kernel function is used to simulate the cohesive force between particles, which manifests as both attraction and repulsion. A threshold is set to divide the displacement vectors between particles. When the distance between neighboring particles is greater than the threshold, the kernel function exhibits a positive attractive force; conversely, when the distance is less than the threshold, the kernel function exhibits a negative repulsive force.

4. The silicone oil filling simulation method for adjuvant treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic simulation of water and silicone oil under approximately incompressible conditions is performed based on the physical governing equations between and within particles, calculating the phase exchange that occurs between particles of different phase fluids, including: The physical field of macroscopic fluid particles is calculated, and the compressibility of the fluid field under the action of gravity and viscosity is calculated according to the Navier-Stokes equations. The pressure field is implicitly iterated and adjusted based on the number density, so that the mixed fluid composed of water and silicone oil has volume incompressibility. Based on the conservation of mass and momentum within particles, the velocity difference of the fluid phase within particles is calculated to correct the change in volume fraction within particles caused by interphase motion during the interaction process. The Laplace operator is used to correct the change in intraparticle volume fraction caused by interphase diffusion during the interaction process, which approximates the emulsification phenomenon that occurs at the immiscible interface of water and silicone oil. The emulsification rate of silicone oil is simulated by the diffusion coefficient.

5. A silicone oil-filled simulation device for assisting in the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, characterized in that, include: An eyeball wall model construction module is used to construct a patient's eyeball wall model according to the elastic solid modeling method, simulating the silicone oil-filled environment inside the eye, and using a number density-based implicit iterative pressure correction method to maintain the incompressible properties of the elastic solid. This includes: obtaining eyeball parameters for constructing a 3D eyeball model; constructing the eyeball model; wherein the eyeball parameters include: intraocular pressure, eyeball diameter, vertical diameter, horizontal diameter, and anteroposterior diameter of the vitreous cavity; discretizing the eyeball model using a 3D point cloud sampling algorithm; following the biomechanical characteristics of the human eyeball wall, using the corresponding Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio to perform elastic body modeling of the eyeball wall structure, constructing the eyeball wall model to simulate the silicone oil-filled environment inside the eye; calculating the deformation gradient, stress, and strain generated by the eyeball wall model under different stress conditions to obtain the compressible intermediate state of the eyeball wall under elastic force; and iteratively correcting the number density using the pressure force generated by the pressure gradient to ensure the incompressible properties of the eyeball wall. The interaction simulation module between silicone oil and the eyeball wall is used to simulate the intraocular cavity filling of silicone oil during surgery, based on the eyeball wall model constructed by the eyeball wall model construction module. The silicone oil is treated as a highly viscous, incompressible Newtonian fluid. According to the coupling method between fluid and elastic solid, the module simulates the interaction between silicone oil and the eyeball wall during intraocular cavity filling, including: analyzing the force situation of silicone oil after intraocular filling; calculating the physical field and completing the dynamic simulation based on the smooth particle dynamics method and the Navier-Stokes equations; considering the coupling between fluid and elastic solid, sampling the surface of the eyeball wall with intraocular boundary particles to approximately calculate the contribution of boundary particles to fluid particles, simulating the adhesion effect between the fluid and solid boundaries; and calculating the surface tension between silicone oil and the eyeball wall by combining the cohesive force between particles and the curvature force that minimizes the surface area, simulating the spreading effect of silicone oil on the retina. The silicone oil emulsification simulation module is used to simulate the three-phase coupled environment (comprising water, silicone oil, and the eyeball wall) generated by the entry of aqueous humor into the vitreous cavity after surgery, based on the eyeball wall model constructed by the eyeball wall model construction module. It simulates the silicone oil emulsification phenomenon occurring at the immiscible boundary between water and silicone oil in the three-phase coupled environment to simulate the emulsification rate of the filled silicone oil. This includes: representing the content of each fluid phase within each fluid particle by volume fraction; calculating the physical quantities involved in the fluid particles during the simulation process based on a volume fraction scheme to describe the distribution and motion state of the fluid; performing a dynamic simulation of water and silicone oil under approximately incompressible properties according to the physical control equations between and within particles; calculating the phase exchange between different phase fluid particles; updating the values ​​of each physical quantity and volume fraction of the particles after each discrete time step; and simulating the emulsification rate of silicone oil.

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