A ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines to prevent forest and grassland fires

Abstract

The present invention discloses a ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines to prevent forest and grassland fires, aiming to solve the problem of operators easily driving a fuse tube when retracting a pull-out rod. The device comprises an insulating tube and a controller; a fuse tube having a trigger end provided at one end thereof opposite to an upper movable contact; an upper support connected to one end of the insulating tube; a lower support connected to the other end of the insulating tube and rotatably connected to the fuse tube; an anti-retraction mechanism provided on the upper support, having a plurality of limit ends controlled by the controller to extend and retract, the limit ends being capable of radially limiting the upper movable contact of the fuse tube; a trigger provided on the lower support, connected to the controller, the trigger being triggered by the trigger end to feed back a trigger signal to the controller; and a voltage monitoring module connected to the controller for monitoring the voltage in the power transmission and distribution line. The present invention can limit the upper movable contact, thereby preventing the fuse tube from being driven by the pull-out rod and generating an arc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric power equipment, and in particular to a ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines to prevent forest and grassland fires. Background Art

[0002] my country's power grid, with its wide distribution and large dimensions, is highly vulnerable to natural disasters such as forest and grassland fires. In recent years, with the development of power resources, an increasing number of transmission lines have traversed alpine forests and grasslands. The unique topography and climatic conditions of these areas are highly susceptible to grassland and wildfires.

[0003] Forest and grassland fires are often prone to occurring on transmission and distribution line branches. Branch equipment primarily consists of high-voltage dropout switches, which lack the ability to remotely control and automatically protect against ground faults. Arcing caused by ground faults can trigger forest and grassland fires, potentially burning towers and equipment. In severe cases, they can cause significant national losses and lead to long-term, unrecoverable power outages. Incomplete statistics indicate that forest and grassland fires caused by grounding of transmission and distribution lines pose a significant threat and cause severe losses in my country. Forest and grassland fires caused by grounding of transmission and distribution lines have also occurred abroad.

[0004] The closing operation of a high-voltage dropout switch is typically performed using a pull rod. Because the high-voltage dropout switch is installed at a considerable height, operators typically rely on their own professional experience to determine whether the switch is closed properly. Therefore, it is unclear whether the engagement pressure between the upper moving contact on the fuse tube and the upper static contact on the insulating tube is sufficient. As the operator withdraws the pull rod from the pull ring, the fuse tube can easily rotate, causing the upper moving contact to separate from the upper static contact, generating an arc and potentially causing a fire. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to prevent the upper moving contact from being separated from the upper static contact when the pull rod is withdrawn from the pull ring, and the purpose is to provide a grounding fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines to prevent forest and grassland fires.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires, comprising an insulating tube and:

[0008] Controller;

[0009] The fuse tube has a trigger end provided on one end thereof opposite to the upper moving contact;

[0010] an upper support connected to one end of the insulating tube, wherein an upper static contact is provided on the upper support;

[0011] A lower support is connected to the other end of the insulating tube, and the lower support is rotatably connected to the fuse tube;

[0012] The anti-retraction mechanism provided on the upper support has a plurality of limit ends extended by the controller, and when the upper movable contact of the fuse tube engages with the upper static contact, the limit ends can form a radial limit on the upper movable contact of the fuse tube;

[0013] a trigger provided on the lower support, the trigger being connected to the controller, and when the upper movable contact of the fuse tube engages with the upper static contact, the trigger is activated by the trigger end to be in a triggered state so as to feed back a trigger signal to the controller;

[0014] A time relay is connected between the anti-retreat mechanism and the controller.

[0015] A voltage monitoring module connected to the controller is used to monitor the voltage in the power transmission and distribution lines.

[0016] In a possible embodiment, the upper support has a stepped blind hole for installing an anti-retreat mechanism, and a cover plate is detachably fixedly connected to the opening of the stepped blind hole.

[0017] In a possible embodiment, the anti-retreat mechanism includes:

[0018] A first electromagnet is disposed in the small diameter section of the stepped blind hole;

[0019] An attraction member is spaced apart from the first electromagnet, and a plurality of guide rods are provided on the attraction member. The guide rods are movable from the bottom of the large diameter section of the stepped blind hole to penetrate the upper support, and the limit ends are provided at the ends of the guide rods;

[0020] The reset member is connected between the suction member and the cover plate, and is used to provide the suction member with a force opposite to the suction direction of the first electromagnet.

[0021] In a possible embodiment, the reset member is a tension spring.

[0022] In a possible embodiment, the lower support has a mounting plate, a first fulcrum is provided on one surface of the mounting plate, a trigger rod is rotatably connected to the first fulcrum, and a first end of the trigger rod is connected to the mounting plate via a first elastic member to provide a rotational tendency for the trigger rod;

[0023] The trigger is connected to the mounting plate;

[0024] When the upper static contact engages with the upper moving contact, the trigger end contacts the first end of the trigger rod so that the first elastic member stores elastic potential energy and the second end of the trigger rod contacts the trigger.

[0025] In a possible embodiment, the trigger rod includes a first section and a second section, the first section and the second section are connected by an elastic section, and the elastic section is located between the trigger and the first fulcrum.

[0026] In a possible embodiment, it further includes:

[0027] A sensor module connected to the controller, for detecting fire;

[0028] The actuator has an actuator end which is controlled to extend and retract by the controller, and the actuator end can contact the trigger rod in the extended or retracted state.

[0029] In a possible embodiment, the system further includes a voltage monitoring module connected to the controller, wherein the voltage monitoring module is used to monitor the voltage in the power transmission and distribution line.

[0030] In a possible embodiment, the execution mechanism includes:

[0031] A second fulcrum connected to the mounting plate, a locking rod being rotatably connected to the second fulcrum, a first end of the locking rod being connected to the mounting plate via a second elastic member;

[0032] a second electromagnet provided on the mounting plate, for attracting the second end of the locking rod;

[0033] A third fulcrum connected to the mounting plate, a movable link rotatably connected to the third fulcrum, a first end of the movable link connected to the mounting plate via a third elastic member, and a second end of the movable link rotatably connected to the execution end;

[0034] A guide torque block connected to the mounting plate, wherein the two guide torque blocks are spaced apart to form a guide channel for passing the actuator end;

[0035] When the upper static contact is engaged with the upper moving contact, the first end of the locking rod vertically abuts against the movable connecting rod.

[0036] In a possible embodiment, the first end of the locking rod and the first end of the movable connecting rod are respectively connected to rollers.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. An embodiment of the present invention provides a ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires. By configuring an anti-retraction mechanism in conjunction with a trigger, when the upper moving contact engages with the upper static contact, the controller can automatically control the anti-retraction mechanism to radially limit the fuse tube. This prevents the fuse tube from being driven and causing the upper moving contact and the upper static contact to separate when the pull rod disengages from the pull ring, thereby preventing the generation of an arc and, consequently, preventing the occurrence of a fire.

[0039] 2. An embodiment of the present invention provides a grounding fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines to prevent forest and grassland fires. Through the setting of a voltage monitoring module, it is possible to pre-set a certain voltage threshold. When the voltage value detected by the voltage detection module reaches the voltage threshold, the controller can control the anti-retraction mechanism to release the radial limit on the upper moving contact, thereby not affecting the normal switching operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without making any creative efforts.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fuse tube and the lower support provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an actuator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an upper static contact provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a trigger lever provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Markings and corresponding parts names in the accompanying drawings:

[0049] 1-insulating tube, 2-fuse tube, 3-lower support, 4-upper support, 41-step blind hole, 5-control cabinet, 6-pull ring, 7-first electromagnet, 8-reset part, 9-upper static contact, 91-positioning block, 911-movable step hole, 92-movable bolt, 93-pressure spring, 94-contact end, 941-limiting groove, 10-upper moving contact, 11-mounting plate, 12-first fulcrum, 13-trigger rod, 131-first section, 132-second section, 133-spring Sex section, 14-trigger, 15-connecting convex plate, 16-trigger end, 17-first fixed block, 18-first elastic member, 19-actuator, 191-actuator end, 192-movable connecting rod, 193-locking rod, 194-second fulcrum, 195-second fixed block, 196-second elastic member, 197-roller, 198-third fixed block, 199-third elastic member, 1910-third fulcrum, 1911-guide torque block, 1912-second electromagnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0051] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessarily required to practice the present invention. In other embodiments, well-known structures, circuits, materials, or methods are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0052] Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, appearances of the phrases "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combinations and / or subcombinations. Furthermore, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0054] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a ground fault protection device for a power transmission and distribution line against forest and grassland fires, the ground fault protection device for a power transmission and distribution line against forest and grassland fires comprises an insulating tube 1, a controller, a fuse tube 2, an upper support 4, a lower support 3, an anti-retraction mechanism, a trigger 14 and a time relay; a trigger end 16 is provided on the end of the fuse tube 2 opposite to the upper moving contact 10; the upper support 4 is connected to one end of the insulating tube 1, and an upper static contact 9 is provided on the upper support 4; the lower support 3 is connected to the other end of the insulating tube 1, and the lower support 3 and the fuse tube 2 rotation connection; the anti-retraction mechanism is arranged on the upper support 4 and has a plurality of limit ends extended by the controller. When the upper movable contact 10 of the fuse tube 2 is engaged with the upper static contact 9, the limit ends can form a radial limit on the upper movable contact 10 of the fuse tube 2; the trigger 14 is arranged on the lower support 3 and is connected to the controller. When the upper movable contact 10 of the fuse tube 2 is engaged with the upper static contact 9, the trigger 14 is triggered by the trigger end 16 to feedback a trigger signal to the controller; the time relay is connected between the anti-retraction mechanism and the controller.

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, the controller is arranged in the control cabinet 5, and the control cabinet 5 is fixedly mounted on the upper support 4; the trigger 14 is connected to the controller by wire and its signal line is covered with a shielding layer to prevent electromagnetic interference in a high-voltage switching environment. The trigger 14 can be a contact type such as a limit switch, a switch button, etc., or a non-contact type such as a proximity switch, an infrared sensor, a Hall sensor, etc. This embodiment takes into account the field working environment and response stability, and selects a limit switch as the trigger 14; since the time for closing the switch varies from person to person, the time relay in this embodiment selects a digital time relay to provide sufficient operating time.

[0056] During the closing process, the staff inserts the corresponding part of the pull rod into the pull ring 6, and then quickly pushes the fuse tube 2 to quickly engage the upper static contact 9 and the upper moving contact 10. At this time, the trigger end 16 on the fuse tube 2 acts on the trigger 14, and the trigger 14 feeds back the trigger signal to the controller. After receiving the trigger signal, the controller controls the anti-retraction mechanism to extend the limit end to form a radial limit on the fuse tube 2. At this time, the time relay is turned on and then slowly disconnected. The staff then withdraws the corresponding part of the pull rod from the pull ring 6. Due to the limiting effect of the limit end, the fuse tube 2 will not be driven during the retraction of the pull rod, that is, the upper moving contact 10 and the upper static contact 9 will not separate, thereby avoiding the generation of arcs and then avoiding the occurrence of fire. When the time relay is completely disconnected, the limit end of the anti-retraction mechanism retracts to release its limit on the fuse tube 2, allowing the staff to perform the closing operation.

[0057] As a possible installation method of the anti-retreat mechanism, the upper support 4 has a stepped blind hole 41 for installing the anti-retreat mechanism, and a cover plate is detachably fixedly connected to the opening of the stepped blind hole 41.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, the combination of the cover plate and the stepped blind hole 41 provides a relatively sealed installation environment for the anti-retraction mechanism, which can play a waterproof role, thereby protecting the anti-retraction mechanism from erosion by rainwater, ensuring the structural accuracy of the anti-retraction mechanism, and further ensuring the speed of the limiting action. The cover plate can be connected to the stepped blind hole 41 by means of a threaded connection.

[0059] In a possible embodiment, the anti-retraction mechanism includes a first electromagnet 7, an attraction member and a reset member 8; the first electromagnet 7 is arranged in the small diameter section of the stepped blind hole 41; the attraction member is spaced apart from the first electromagnet 7, and a plurality of guide rods are provided on the attraction member, which are movable from the bottom of the large diameter section of the stepped blind hole 41 to pass through the upper support 4, and the limiting end is provided at the end of the guide rod; the reset member 8 is set as a tension spring, and the reset member 8 is connected between the attraction member and the cover plate, which is used to provide the attraction member with a force opposite to the attraction direction of the first electromagnet 7.

[0060] Specifically, the attraction part is disc-shaped, and the attraction part itself is an iron plate for the first electromagnet 7 to attract; the guide rod is cylindrical, and one end of the guide rod is vertically fixedly connected to the plate surface of the attraction part. The guide rod itself is a plastic rod to reduce the burden of the reset part 8, and several guide rods are evenly distributed around the circumference; the limit end is made of insulating material, and the limit end is connected to the free end of the guide rod; a number of guide holes corresponding to the guide rod are opened along the circumferential direction on the bottom of the large diameter section of the stepped blind hole 41 for the guide rod to pass through; avoidance holes corresponding to the guide holes are opened on the upper static contact 9, and the avoidance holes and the guide holes jointly form a limit for the guide rod to ensure the movement accuracy of the guide rod and prevent the guide rod from getting stuck. Among them, the upper static contact 9 includes a positioning block 91, a movable bolt 92, a pressure spring 93 and a contact end 94; the positioning block 91 is cylindrical, and a movable stepped hole 911 is coaxially opened from one end face of the positioning block 91, and the end is connected to the upper support 4. The small diameter section of the movable stepped hole 911 is used to movably penetrate the movable bolt 92, and the bottom of the large diameter section of the movable stepped hole 911 is used to limit the head of the movable bolt 92; a limiter for the upward and downward movement of the positioning block 91 is provided on the contact end 94. Groove 941, a threaded blind hole is provided at the bottom of the limiting groove 941, and the threaded blind hole cooperates with the movable bolt 92. When the movable bolt 92 cooperates with the threaded blind hole, there is a distance between the positioning block 91 and the bottom of the limiting groove 941; the pressure spring 93 is sleeved on the positioning block 91 and is located between the upper support 4 and the contact end 94; when the upper moving contact 10 is engaged with the upper static contact 9, the pressure spring 93 is forced to compress to provide a certain contact pressure to ensure that the upper moving contact 10 and the upper static contact 9 are stably connected.

[0061] The upper moving contact 10 is generally a spherical silver contact. Therefore, in order to reduce the contact area between the limiting end and the upper moving contact 10 , the limiting end is spherical.

[0062] In a possible embodiment, the lower support 3 has a mounting plate 11, and a first fulcrum 12 is provided on one of the plate surfaces of the mounting plate 11. The first fulcrum 12 is rotatably connected to the trigger rod 13, and the first end of the trigger rod 13 is connected to the mounting plate 11 through a first elastic member 18 to provide a rotation tendency for the trigger rod 13; the trigger 14 is connected to the mounting plate 11; when the upper static contact 9 is engaged with the upper moving contact 10, the trigger end 16 contacts the first end of the trigger rod 13 so that the first elastic member 18 stores elastic potential energy and causes the second end of the trigger rod 13 to contact the trigger 14.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, a first fixing block 17 extends vertically from the surface of the mounting plate 11. A first elastic member 18 is configured as a compression spring, with both ends of the first elastic member 18 connected to the first end of the trigger rod 13 and the first fixing block 17, respectively. The provision of the first elastic member 18 enables the second end of the trigger rod 13 to separate from the trigger 14 after the upper movable contact 10 and the upper static contact 9 are separated. Furthermore, the first elastic member 18 provides a certain buffering force when the upper movable contact 10 and the upper static contact 9 engage, thereby preventing the trigger 14 from being subjected to a large impact from the second end of the trigger rod 13 due to the inertia of the trigger rod 13.

[0064] In a possible embodiment, the trigger rod 13 includes a first section 131 and a second section 132 . The first section 131 and the second section 132 are connected by an elastic section 133 , and the elastic section 133 is located between the trigger 14 and the first fulcrum 12 .

[0065] In an embodiment of the present application, the elastic section 133 can be constructed as a rubber section. Repeated closing and closing operations will cause wear on the connection structure between the fuse tube 2 and the lower support 3, which may cause the trigger rod 13 to be unable to act on the trigger 14, resulting in the trigger 14 not feeding back a trigger signal. The provision of the elastic section 133 allows the trigger rod 13 to bend to a certain extent, and after bending, the second end of the trigger rod 13 will also generate a certain amount of pressure on the trigger 14 due to the action of the elastic section 133. When the connection structure between the fuse tube 2 and the lower support 3 is worn, resulting in a decrease in the position accuracy of the trigger end 16, the bending degree of the elastic section 133 is reduced, that is, the pressure of the second end of the trigger rod 13 on the trigger 14 is reduced, but the second end can still act on the trigger 14 to trigger it.

[0066] It is understandable that the first elastic member 18 in the embodiment of the present application is only used to reset the trigger rod 13 , and the elastic force provided by the first elastic member 18 is not sufficient to rotate the fuse tube 2 relative to the lower support 3 .

[0067] In one possible embodiment, a sensor module and an actuator 19 are further included; the sensor module is connected to a controller and is used to detect fire; the actuator 19 has an actuator end 191 that is controlled by the controller to extend and retract, and the actuator end 191 can contact the trigger rod 13 when extended or retracted. When a fire occurs, the high-voltage line needs to be disconnected to reduce safety hazards. However, the voltage in the line is at a normal value, and the fuse tube 2 cannot be relied upon to achieve disconnection. The actuator 19, in conjunction with the sensor module, can automatically disconnect the circuit breaker in the event of a fire, preventing the fire from spreading due to the energized line and preventing circuit shorts caused by the fire.

[0068] In a possible embodiment, the actuator 19 includes a second fulcrum 194, a second electromagnet 1912, a third fulcrum 1910 and a guide torque block 1911; the second fulcrum 194 is connected to the mounting plate 11, and a locking rod 193 is rotatably connected to the second fulcrum 194. The first end of the locking rod 193 is connected to the second elastic member 196, and the second elastic member 196 is connected to the second fixing block 195 derived from the mounting plate 11; the second electromagnet 1912 is provided on the mounting plate 11 for attracting the second end of the locking rod 193; the third fulcrum 1910 is connected to the mounting plate 11 1, a movable link 192 is rotatably connected to the third fulcrum 1910, a first end of the movable link 192 is connected to the third elastic member 199, the third elastic member 199 is connected to the third fixed block 198 derived from the mounting plate 11, and the second end of the movable link 192 is rotatably connected to the execution end 191; the guide moment blocks 1911 are connected to the mounting plate 11, and the two guide moment blocks 1911 are arranged at intervals to form a guide channel for passing the execution end 191; when the upper static contact 9 is engaged with the upper moving contact 10, the first end of the locking rod 193 vertically abuts against the movable link 192. With such arrangement, when the actuator 19 completes its action, the second electromagnet 1912 loses power, and the first end of the locking rod 193 wants to return to its original position under the elastic action of the second elastic member 196. However, the movable link 192 maintains a certain rotation angle under the elastic force of the third elastic member 199. Therefore, the locking rod 193 is limited by the movable link 192 at this time. When the upper movable contact 10 is engaged with the upper static contact 9, the trigger rod 13 forces the actuator end 191 to move. At this time, the movable link 192 rotates. When the movable link 192 rotates into place, the first end of the locking rod 193 rotates by itself under the elastic force of the second elastic member 196 to form a rotation limit for the movable link 192, and the actuator 19 waits for the command of the controller to execute the next action.

[0069] In one possible embodiment, rollers 197 are connected to the first ends of locking rod 193 and movable link 192, respectively. This arrangement reduces wear between movable link 192 and locking rod 193. Furthermore, during the closing process, roller 197 on movable link 192 generates less friction, minimizing hindrance to the closing operation. When actuator 19 operates, roller 197 on locking rod 193 generates less friction, enabling more sensitive operation.

[0070] In one possible embodiment, the controller is connected to a voltage detection module. In this way, when the voltage value in the high-voltage line is detected to be too high, the controller can control the actuator 19 to automatically switch off the fuse, thereby reducing the number of replacements of the fuse tube 2 and reducing maintenance costs.

[0071] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires, comprising an insulating tube (1), characterized in that: Also includes: Controller; A fuse tube (2) having a trigger end (16) provided at one end thereof opposite to the upper moving contact (10); An upper support (4) is connected to one end of the insulating tube (1), and an upper static contact (9) is provided on the upper support (4); A lower support (3) is connected to the other end of the insulating tube (1), and the lower support (3) is rotatably connected to the fuse tube (2); The anti-retraction mechanism provided on the upper support (4) has a plurality of limit ends extended by a controller, and when the upper movable contact (10) of the fuse tube (2) is engaged with the upper static contact (9), the limit ends can form radial limits on the upper movable contact (10) of the fuse tube (2); A trigger (14) is provided on the lower support (3), the trigger (14) being connected to the controller, and when the upper movable contact (10) of the fuse tube (2) is engaged with the upper static contact (9), the trigger (14) is executed into a trigger state by the trigger end (16) to feed back a trigger signal to the controller; A time relay is connected between the anti-retreat mechanism and the controller.

2. The ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper support (4) has a stepped blind hole (41) for installing an anti-retreat mechanism, and a cover plate is detachably fixedly connected to the opening of the stepped blind hole (41).

3. The ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-retreat mechanism comprises: A first electromagnet (7) is disposed in the small diameter section of the stepped blind hole (41); An attraction member spaced apart from the first electromagnet (7), the attraction member being provided with a plurality of guide rods, the guide rods being movable from the bottom of the large diameter section of the stepped blind hole (41) through the upper support (4), the limit end being provided at the end of the guide rod; A reset member (8) is connected between the suction member and the cover plate, and is used to provide the suction member with a force opposite to the suction direction of the first electromagnet (7).

4. The ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reset member (8) is a tension spring.

5. The ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower support (3) has a mounting plate (11), a first fulcrum (12) is provided on one of the plate surfaces of the mounting plate (11), a trigger rod (13) is rotatably connected to the first fulcrum (12), and a first end of the trigger rod (13) is connected to the mounting plate (11) via a first elastic member (18) to provide a rotational tendency for the trigger rod (13); The trigger (14) is connected to the mounting plate (11); When the upper static contact (9) engages with the upper moving contact (10), the trigger end (16) abuts against the first end of the trigger rod (13) so that the first elastic member (18) stores elastic potential energy and the second end of the trigger rod (13) abuts against the trigger (14).

6. The ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires according to claim 5, characterized in that: The trigger rod (13) comprises a first section (131) and a second section (132), wherein the first section (131) and the second section (132) are connected via an elastic section (133), and the elastic section (133) is located between the trigger (14) and the first fulcrum (12).

7. The ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A sensor module connected to the controller, for detecting fire; The actuator (19) has an actuator end (191) whose extension and retraction are controlled by the controller, and the actuator end (191) can contact the trigger rod (13) in an extended or retracted state.

8. The ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a voltage monitoring module connected to the controller, and the voltage monitoring module is used to monitor the voltage in the transmission and distribution line.

9. The ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires according to claim 7, characterized in that: The actuator (19) comprises: A second fulcrum (194) connected to the mounting plate (11), a locking rod (193) being rotatably connected to the second fulcrum (194), a first end of the locking rod (193) being connected to the mounting plate (11) via a second elastic member (196); A second electromagnet provided on the mounting plate (11) and used for attracting the second end of the locking rod (193); A third fulcrum (1910) connected to the mounting plate (11), a movable link (192) being rotatably connected to the third fulcrum (1910), a first end of the movable link (192) being connected to the mounting plate (11) via a third elastic member (199), and a second end of the movable link (192) being rotatably connected to the execution end (191); A guide moment block (1911) connected to the mounting plate (11), wherein the two guide moment blocks (1911) are spaced apart to form a guide channel for passing the execution end (191); When the upper static contact (9) is engaged with the upper movable contact (10), the first end of the locking rod (193) vertically contacts the movable connecting rod (192).

10. The ground fault protection device for power transmission and distribution lines against forest and grassland fires according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first end of the locking rod (193) and the first end of the movable connecting rod (192) are respectively connected to rollers (197).

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