Electric vehicle

Abstract

The application provides an electric vehicle, which comprises a battery pack and a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism is installed on the electric vehicle and is used for locking the battery pack, the battery pack is internally provided with an unlocking mechanism, and the unlocking mechanism is used for unlocking the locking mechanism under external driving force.In this scheme, the unlocking mechanism is arranged in the battery pack, and the locking mechanism is unlocked under the action of external driving force, compared with directly unlocking the locking mechanism through an external driving mechanism, the unlocking distance stroke can be shortened, the unlocking efficiency can be improved, the alignment accuracy of the unlocking mechanism to the locking mechanism during unlocking can be improved, and therefore the unlocking reliability is improved.Meanwhile, the unlocking mechanism is arranged on the battery pack, the structural complexity of the external driving mechanism can be simplified, the occupied space of the external driving mechanism is reduced, the overall height of the external driving mechanism is shortened, and therefore the structural complexity of the external driving mechanism is simplified.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. CN2021116067637, filed on December 26, 2021, and Chinese Patent Application No. CN2021116067815, filed on December 26, 2021. This application incorporates the entire text of the above-mentioned Chinese patent applications. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to an electric vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0003] The battery pack of an electric vehicle can be replaced at a battery swap station to quickly charge the electric vehicle when the battery pack is depleted. The battery pack needs to be detached from the vehicle and replaced with a fully charged battery pack. Therefore, the locking mechanism between the battery pack and the vehicle body is very important. It not only needs to ensure reliable locking between the battery pack and the vehicle body, but also needs to enable the battery pack to quickly separate from the vehicle body. Generally, the battery pack is connected to the electric vehicle through a locking device. The locking device usually includes a corresponding locking base and a locking shaft. The locking base is usually provided on the electric vehicle, and one end of the locking shaft is provided on the battery pack. The other end of the locking shaft is inserted into the locking base and locked by a locking tongue to fix the battery pack.

[0004] In the prior art, the unlocking position of the locking device is close to the lower side of the battery pack. When unlocking, the locking link is usually lifted upward by the unlocking rod of the external device, thereby driving the locking tongue to swing upward to disengage from the locking groove, so that the locking shaft on the battery pack can move in the locking groove and move out of the locking groove, achieving unlocking and taking out the battery pack for replacement. For electric vehicles with the unlocking position of the locking device close to the upper side of the battery pack, due to the thickness of the battery pack itself, the unlocking rod needs to have a higher extension length to pass through the battery pack to reach the unlocking position. However, the unlocking rod with the above-mentioned extension length cannot be provided on the existing external device. Even if the unlocking rod with sufficient extension length can be provided, the movement path of the unlocking rod is long, the unlocking time is prolonged, the alignment accuracy is poor, the reliability of unlocking is affected, and the occupying space of the unlocking rod is large, which makes the overall height of the external device higher, and may cause the failure of the chassis battery swap. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the defect that the unlocking rod of the external device in the prior art cannot meet the unlocking of the unlocking position of the locking device close to the upper side of the battery pack. The present application provides an electric vehicle.

[0006] The present application solves the above technical problems by the following technical solutions:

[0007] An electric vehicle comprises a battery pack and a locking mechanism mounted on the electric vehicle for locking the battery pack, wherein the battery pack is provided with an unlocking mechanism for unlocking the locking mechanism under external driving force.

[0008] In the present scheme, the unlocking mechanism is arranged in the battery pack and unlocks the locking mechanism under the action of external driving force, which can shorten the unlocking stroke compared with directly unlocking the locking mechanism by an external driving mechanism, thereby improving the unlocking efficiency and the alignment accuracy of the unlocking mechanism to the locking mechanism during unlocking, and improving the unlocking reliability. Meanwhile, arranging the unlocking mechanism on the battery pack can also reduce the occupied space of the external driving mechanism and shorten the overall height of the external driving mechanism, thereby simplifying the structural complexity of the external driving mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the battery pack is provided with a locking member, which cooperates with the locking mechanism to lock and unlock the battery pack.

[0010] In the present scheme, the locking member arranged on the battery pack can be connected with the locking mechanism to lock the battery pack, and the unlocking mechanism can apply unlocking force to the locking mechanism to unlock the battery pack, so that the battery pack can be locked on or removed from the electric vehicle.

[0011] Preferably, the top end of the unlocking mechanism can extend out of an outlet of the battery pack and abut against the locking mechanism to unlock.

[0012] In the present scheme, the unlocking mechanism extends out of the outlet of the battery pack and acts on the locking mechanism, which is a simple unlocking movement mode with high alignment accuracy and short unlocking stroke, and can improve the unlocking reliability.

[0013] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a plurality of lock bases, at least part of the lock bases are provided with a lock tongue, the lock tongue is rotatably mounted in the lock base, and the top end of the unlocking mechanism can extend out of the outlet of the battery pack to unlock the lock tongue.

[0014] In the present scheme, the lock tongue mounted in the lock base can lock the battery pack, and the lock tongue is rotatably mounted in the lock base, so that the unlocking mechanism can push the lock tongue to rotate and unlock the battery pack.

[0015] Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a lock connecting rod, the lock connecting rod is movably connected with the lock base through the lock tongue, and the top end of the unlocking mechanism can extend out of the outlet of the battery pack and abut against the lock connecting rod to drive the lock tongue to unlock.

[0016] In the scheme, the unlocking mechanism can act on the lock connecting rod, and by pushing the lock connecting rod to move relative to the lock base, the lock bolt is unlocked, which can make the action range of the unlocking mechanism larger, and the lock connecting rod can connect multiple lock bolts to drive the multiple lock bolts to move synchronously.

[0017] Preferably, one side of the lock connecting rod towards the lock base has an unlocking surface, the top end of the unlocking mechanism abuts against and moves on the unlocking surface, and the unlocking surface extends along the length direction of the lock connecting rod, so that when the unlocking mechanism moves on the unlocking surface, the unlocking mechanism can drive the lock bolt to unlock and keep the unlocking state.

[0018] In the scheme, the unlocking mechanism abuts against the unlocking surface of the lock connecting rod, so that the top end of the unlocking mechanism can act on the surface, making the unlocking process more reliable. Moreover, the unlocking surface extends along the length direction of the lock connecting rod, and when the unlocking mechanism moves along the length direction of the lock connecting rod, the unlocking mechanism can move on the unlocking surface without being stuck at a certain position, which greatly improves the unlocking stability of the locking mechanism. Meanwhile, when the locking part of the battery pack moves relative to the lock base along the length direction of the lock connecting rod, the top of the unlocking mechanism can always abut against the lock connecting rod and keep the vertical position of the lock connecting rod, so that the lock bolt keeps the open state and avoids unlocking failure.

[0019] Preferably, the lower surface of the lock connecting rod has a protruding part extending towards the lock base, and the unlocking surface is located on the bottom surface of the protruding part.

[0020] Preferably, the unlocking surface is a horizontal surface, or the unlocking surface is a concave square, a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism.

[0021] In the scheme, the unlocking mechanism applies force on the unlocking surface and moves along the length direction of the lock connecting rod on the horizontal surface without being stuck at a certain position, which has high unlocking stability. The unlocking surface is a horizontal surface, which has greater fault tolerance, and can always be kept in the unlocking surface even if there is a deviation or a torsion angle in the unlocking device. Meanwhile, the structure is simple and easy to process. The unlocking surface is a concave square, which can limit the unlocking device so that the unlocking device cannot move out of the unlocking surface during the unlocking process. The unlocking surface is a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism, which can form an optimal unlocking line with the unlocking device and has appropriate fault tolerance, so that the unlocking device moves along the length direction of the lock connecting rod in the unlocking surface, and the unlocking device can stop conveniently.

[0022] Preferably, in the initial state, the top end of the unlocking mechanism protrudes from the outlet of the battery pack and has a spacing in the vertical direction from the unlocking surface.

[0023] In the present scheme, the initial state refers to the state when the battery pack is locked with the locking mechanism, and the unlocking mechanism does not perform unlocking operation on the locking mechanism. In the initial state, the top end of the unlocking mechanism can protrude from the outlet of the battery pack, so as to shorten the distance between the top end and the unlocking surface, reduce the moving distance of the unlocking mechanism, improve the unlocking efficiency, and also improve the unlocking reliability.

[0024] Preferably, a buffer structure is further arranged at the unlocking surface, and the top end of the unlocking mechanism abuts against the buffer structure.

[0025] In the present scheme, the buffer structure is arranged at the unlocking surface, and when the top end of the unlocking mechanism acts on the unlocking surface, the buffer structure can be buffered, so as to avoid the abrasion of the unlocking surface due to rigid contact during the unlocking process. Not only the service life can be improved, but also the unlocking mechanism can be unlocked to the position of the locking piece during the unlocking, so as to avoid the unlocking failure due to the movement of the locking link to the position.

[0026] Preferably, the top end of the unlocking mechanism is in a smooth shape, or the top end of the unlocking mechanism is provided with a rolling piece.

[0027] In the present scheme, the smooth top end abuts against the locking link, so as to reduce the contact area with the locking link, and facilitate the horizontal movement of the top end of the unlocking mechanism relative to the locking link. Alternatively, the rolling piece is arranged at the top end of the unlocking mechanism, so as to form rolling connection with the locking link, reduce the resistance of the relative movement between the top end of the unlocking mechanism and the locking link, and facilitate the relative movement.

[0028] Preferably, the bottom of the unlocking mechanism is provided with an input end plate, and the extension direction of the input end plate is consistent with the extension direction of the unlocking surface of the locking mechanism.

[0029] In the present scheme, the input end plate is arranged at the bottom of the unlocking mechanism, so as to increase the contact range between the external driving device and the unlocking mechanism. In addition, the extension direction of the input end plate is consistent with the extension direction of the unlocking surface, so that when the unlocking mechanism unlocks the locking link, the external driving device can also form reliable contact with the unlocking mechanism in the same aspect, so as to avoid the dislocation of the contact between the external driving device and the unlocking mechanism due to the movement of the external driving device.

[0030] Preferably, the battery pack has a containing cavity penetrating through the battery pack in the vertical direction, used for placing the unlocking mechanism, and the containing cavity is in communication with the outlet of the battery pack.

[0031] In the present scheme, the containing cavity is arranged in the battery pack, so as to provide space for the arrangement of the unlocking mechanism, and also enable the unlocking mechanism to be integrated in the battery pack, so that the structure of the battery pack is compact.

[0032] Preferably, the unlocking mechanism comprises an unlocking rod and a mounting member, the unlocking rod is mounted on the battery pack through the mounting member, and the unlocking rod is elastically connected with the mounting member.

[0033] In this scheme, by elastically arranging the unlocking rod in the battery pack, the impact force can be buffered, and the unlocking rod can be restored to its original position after unlocking.

[0034] Preferably, the unlocking mechanism further comprises a first elastic part, the first elastic part is sleeved on the unlocking rod, a bottom end of the first elastic part abuts against the unlocking rod, and the other end of the first elastic part abuts against the mounting member, and the first elastic part is used for resetting the unlocking rod relative to the battery pack.

[0035] In this scheme, the elastic connection of the unlocking rod relative to the mounting member is realized by arranging the elastic part, which is simple and reliable. In this structural arrangement, the structure of the unlocking rod is relatively simple.

[0036] Preferably, the unlocking rod comprises a first unlocking rod and a second unlocking rod, the first elastic part is sleeved on the first unlocking rod, the unlocking mechanism further comprises a second elastic part, the second unlocking rod is elastically connected with the first unlocking rod through the second elastic part, the second elastic part is arranged separately from the first elastic part, and a top end of the first unlocking rod can protrude from an outlet of the battery pack and abut against the locking mechanism to unlock.

[0037] In this scheme, the elastic connection of the unlocking rod relative to the mounting member is realized by arranging the elastic part, which is simple and reliable. At the same time, the first unlocking rod and the second unlocking rod of the unlocking rod are also connected by the elastic part, which facilitates the first unlocking rod to push open the locking link rod when the second elastic part is in a compressed state, and the impact force between the first unlocking rod and the second unlocking rod is buffered by the second elastic part, avoiding hard impact on the locking mechanism. After the battery replacement trolley drives the unlocking rod to rise in place, the unlocking rod is contracted under the action of the second elastic part, avoiding further rising of the unlocking rod from damaging the parts.

[0038] Preferably, a guide structure is arranged on a top of the mounting member, a top end of the unlocking rod is arranged in the guide structure and protrudes at least partially from an upper end of the guide structure, and the guide structure is used for positioning the outlet of the battery pack and limiting the movement freedom degree of the unlocking rod in the horizontal direction.

[0039] In the scheme, the guide structure is arranged to be mounted and positioned with the outlet on the battery pack, and the movement freedom of the unlocking rod in the horizontal direction can be limited, so as to avoid the unlocking failure caused by the position deviation of the jacking of the unlocking rod relative to the locking structure on the vehicle body, and avoid the collision between the moving direction of the unlocking rod and the outlet, so as to protect the unlocking rod and the outlet.

[0040] Preferably, the locking member in the battery pack is a lock shaft, both ends of the lock shaft are fixed to the battery pack, the lock base is provided with a lock slot, the lock slot penetrates through the lock base along the thickness direction of the lock base, and the lock slot is used for penetrating and inserting the lock shaft.

[0041] In the scheme, both ends of the lock shaft are fixed to the battery pack, and the lock slot penetrates through the lock base along the thickness direction of the lock base; after the lock shaft is hung on the lock slot, both ends of the lock shaft can be stressed, the bearing effect of the lock shaft on the battery pack is improved, and the connection between the battery pack and the locking mechanism is more firm and stable.

[0042] Preferably, the lock slot has an opening slot extending in the vertical direction and a locking slot extending in the horizontal direction, the opening slot extends upward from the bottom of the lock base, and the top of the opening slot is communicated with the locking slot.

[0043] In the scheme, through the opening slot and the locking slot communicated therewith, the lock shaft can enter the locking slot from the opening slot and finally be locked in the locking slot, the locking step is simple, and the locking efficiency and success rate can be improved.

[0044] Preferably, the locking mechanism is a rotary locking mechanism, and the locking member is in rotary connection with the locking mechanism.

[0045] Preferably, the locking member includes at least one of a threaded member, a spring ball, a T-shaped lock and a hook, and the unlocking mechanism is arranged to drive the locking member to rotate.

[0046] Preferably, the external driving force is a battery replacement device with an unlocking driving mechanism, the unlocking driving mechanism acts on the unlocking mechanism and drives the unlocking mechanism to move up and down and / or rotate.

[0047] In the scheme, the unlocking mechanism is arranged in the battery pack, so as to shorten the unlocking stroke, improve the reliability of unlocking, and provide the unlocking mechanism with an unlocking driving force through the external battery replacement device, so as to simplify the structure of the battery pack and the complexity of the external driving mechanism.

[0048] The positive progress effect of the application is that the unlocking mechanism is arranged in the battery pack and unlocks the locking mechanism under the action of external driving force, compared with directly unlocking the locking mechanism by the external driving mechanism, the unlocking stroke can be shortened, the unlocking efficiency can be improved, the alignment accuracy of the unlocking mechanism to the locking mechanism during unlocking can be improved, and the reliability of unlocking can be improved. At the same time, arranging the unlocking mechanism on the battery pack can also reduce the occupied space of the external driving mechanism, shorten the overall height of the external driving mechanism, and thus simplify the structural complexity of the external driving mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an electric vehicle is provided for the embodiment 1 of the application, in which the locking member on the battery pack and the locking mechanism on the electric vehicle are locked with each other.

[0050] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the battery pack and the locking mechanism when they are locked with each other is provided for the embodiment 1 of the application.

[0051] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the battery pack and the locking mechanism when they are locked with each other is provided for the embodiment 1 of the application. Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the locking member and the locking mechanism of the battery pack is provided.

[0052] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of the locking member is provided for the embodiment 1 of the application.

[0053] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the locking mechanism is provided for the embodiment 1 of the application, in which the locking tongue of the locking mechanism is lifted up and the locking slot is opened.

[0054] Figure 6a A partial structural state diagram of the unlocking mechanism is provided for the embodiment 1 of the application, in which the top end of the unlocking mechanism contacts the locking mechanism and is about to lift up the locking link of the locking mechanism.

[0055] Figure 6b A partial structural state diagram of the unlocking mechanism is provided for the embodiment 1 of the application, in which the unlocking mechanism lifts up the locking link and opens the locking slot.

[0056] Figure 7 Another unlocking surface schematic diagram is provided for the embodiment 1 of the application.

[0057] Figure 8 Another unlocking surface schematic diagram is provided for the embodiment 1 of the application.

[0058] Figure 9 A structural schematic diagram of the unlocking mechanism is provided for the embodiment 1 of the application.

[0059] Figure 10 A structural schematic diagram of the unlocking mechanism is provided for the embodiment 1 of the application. Figure 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the unlocking mechanism is provided.

[0060] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a locking mechanism and some components of the locking member after unlocking, provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an unlocking mechanism provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the unlocking mechanism.

[0063] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of an unlocking mechanism provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the unlocking mechanism.

[0065] Figure 16 This is a structural schematic diagram of a locking mechanism and locking element provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 17 for Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the central locking component;

[0067] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another locking mechanism provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another locking component provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of another locking mechanism and locking element provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention, in which the locking mechanism and locking element are locked together.

[0070] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of another locking mechanism and locking element provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention, in which the locking mechanism and locking element are locked together.

[0071] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0072] Electric vehicle 1, vehicle beam 11, battery pack 10, outlet 110, receiving cavity 120, unlocking mechanism 20, smooth part 210, abutment part 211, rolling element 220, base 221, ball bearing 222, input end plate 230, unlocking lever 241, mounting part 242, first elastic part 243, first unlocking lever 251, second unlocking lever 252, second elastic part 253, guide structure 260, locking element 30.

[0073] Locking mechanism 40, lock base 410, lock slot 411, open slot 412, locking slot 413, lock tongue 420, lock connecting rod 430, return spring 431, unlocking surface 440, recess 450, bottom surface 451, side surface 452,

[0074] Channel 701, base 702, first locking body 703, second locking body 704, locking seat 801, first opening 802, hanging part 803, first threaded part 804, hanging rod 903, second threaded part 904, second opening 905, locking body 906, mounting shell 907 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] Some preferred embodiments will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to make the present application more clearly and completely.

[0076] Embodiment 1

[0077] The embodiments of the present application provide an electric vehicle 1, which is a commercial vehicle such as a heavy truck or a light truck. As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 The electric vehicle 1 can include a battery pack 10 and a locking mechanism 40, which is installed on the electric vehicle 1 and used to lock the battery pack 10. The battery pack 10 is provided with an unlocking mechanism 20, which is used to unlock the locking mechanism 40 under external driving force.

[0078] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 The battery pack 10 is usually arranged at the bottom of the electric vehicle 1 to facilitate the operation of locking and unlocking the battery pack 10. Correspondingly, the locking mechanism 40 can also be located at the bottom of the electric vehicle 1. Further, the locking mechanism 40 can be installed at the bottom of the electric vehicle 1 through the installation seat such as a quick-change support, for example, as shown in the drawings, Figure 1 It can be installed on the vehicle beam 11 of the electric vehicle 1. The vehicle beam 11 of the electric vehicle 1 can also be used as an installation seat, and the locking mechanism 40 can be directly installed on the vehicle beam 11.

[0079] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 Generally, the battery pack 10 is a component with a certain thickness, and the unlocking mechanism 20 can be arranged in the battery pack 10 along the thickness direction of the battery pack 10 and unlock the locking mechanism 40 under the action of external driving force. Compared with unlocking the locking mechanism 40 through an external driving mechanism, the unlocking stroke can be shortened, which not only improves the unlocking efficiency, but also improves the alignment accuracy of the unlocking mechanism to the locking mechanism during unlocking, thereby improving the reliability of unlocking. At the same time, arranging the unlocking mechanism 20 on the battery pack 10 can also reduce the occupied space of the external driving mechanism, shorten the overall height of the external driving mechanism, and simplify the structural complexity of the external driving mechanism. In specific implementation, as shown in the drawings, Figure 3As shown, the unlocking mechanism 20 can be arranged in the battery pack 10 and extend in the ejection direction during the unlocking process, specifically, can extend in the vertical direction, that is, extend in the thickness direction of the battery pack 10.

[0080] As shown, Figure 3 The battery pack 10 is provided with a locking member 30, and the locking member 30 and the locking mechanism 40 cooperate to achieve locking and unlocking of the battery pack 10.

[0081] Figure 1 An embodiment is shown when the locking member 30 on the battery pack 10 and the locking mechanism 40 on the electric vehicle 1 are mutually locked. As shown, Figure 3 The unlocking mechanism 20 can be located below the locking mechanism 40 and opposite the locking mechanism 40. In addition, the unlocking mechanism 20 can have one or more, and through multiple unlocking mechanisms 20, the multiple locking mechanisms 40 can be respectively subjected to unlocking forces, thereby achieving effective unlocking of the battery pack 10; so that the battery pack 10 can be locked on or unlocked and removed from the electric vehicle 1.

[0082] The top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can protrude from an outlet 110 of the battery pack 10 and abut against the locking mechanism 40 to perform unlocking. This unlocking movement is relatively simple and can improve unlocking reliability.

[0083] As shown, Figure 3 The surface of the battery pack 10 towards the locking mechanism 40 can be provided with the outlet 110, and the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can protrude from the outlet 110 to unlock the locking mechanism 40, or retract to the initial state from the outlet 110.

[0084] As shown, Figure 3 and Figure 5 The locking mechanism 40 includes a plurality of lock bases 410, at least part of the lock bases 410 are provided with a lock tongue 420, the lock tongue 420 is rotatably mounted in the lock base 410, and the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can protrude from the outlet 110 of the battery pack 10 to unlock the lock tongue 420. Thus, through the lock tongue 420 mounted in the lock base 410, the battery pack 10 can be locked; and the lock tongue 420 is rotatably mounted in the lock base 410, and the unlocking mechanism 20 can push the lock tongue 420 to rotate, thereby unlocking the battery pack 10.

[0085] As shown, Figure 3As shown, the locking member 30 on the battery pack 10 can be locked in the lock base 410 by the lock tongue 420, at this time, the battery pack 10 is connected with the locking mechanism 40 on the electric vehicle 1, and can supply power for the electric vehicle 1. The top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can be moved out of the outlet 110 and push the lock tongue 420 to rotate to unlock the battery pack 10.

[0086] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the locking mechanism 40 further comprises a lock connecting rod 430, which is movably connected with the lock base 410 through the lock tongue 420, and the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can be moved out of the outlet 110 of the battery pack 10 and abut against the lock connecting rod 430 to drive the lock tongue 420 to unlock.

[0087] In specific implementation, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the lock tongue 420 is usually arranged in the lock base 410 and rotates relative to the lock base 410. By arranging the lock connecting rod 430, the force for unlocking can be provided by the lock connecting rod 430, thereby driving the lock tongue 420 to rotate, facilitating the unlocking of the unlocking mechanism 20, and enabling the action range of the unlocking mechanism 20 to be larger. In addition, the lock connecting rod 430 can connect multiple lock tongues 420, thereby driving multiple lock tongues 420 to move synchronously and improving the unlocking efficiency.

[0088] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the side of the lock connecting rod 430 facing the lock base 410 has an unlocking surface 440, and the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 abuts against and moves on the unlocking surface 440. The unlocking surface 440 extends along the length direction of the lock connecting rod 430, so that the movement of the unlocking mechanism 20 on the unlocking surface 440 will not be stuck at a certain position of the unlocking surface 440, greatly improving the unlocking stability of the locking mechanism.

[0089] The unlocking mechanism 20 abuts against the unlocking surface 440 of the lock connecting rod 430, so that the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can act on the surface, making the unlocking process more reliable. Moreover, the unlocking surface 440 extends along the length direction of the lock connecting rod 430, so that when the unlocking mechanism 20 moves along the length direction of the lock connecting rod 430 to move the locking member 30 of the battery pack 10 relative to the lock base 410, the top of the unlocking mechanism 20 can always abut against the lock connecting rod 430 and keep the vertical position of the lock connecting rod 430, so that the lock tongue 420 remains in the open state, avoiding unlocking failure.

[0090] Specifically, when the unlocking mechanism 20 drives the locking member 30 of the battery pack 10 to move relative to the lock base 410, the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 abuts against the unlocking surface 440 of the lock connecting rod 430, and the unlocking surface 440 extends along the length direction of the lock connecting rod 430, so that the top of the unlocking mechanism 20 can always abut against the lock connecting rod 430 and keep the vertical position of the lock connecting rod 430, so that the lock tongue 420 remains in the open state, avoiding unlocking failure. Figure 3When the battery pack 10 in the locked state shown is unlocked, during the unlocking process, the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 first extends from the outlet 110 of the battery pack 10 under the action of the external driving device, and continues to move upward to contact the locking mechanism 40. Specifically, as shown... Figure 6a As shown (partial lock base and locking rod omitted), it can contact the locking rod 430 of the locking mechanism 40 or one side of the unlocking surface 440 of other unlocking parts, thereby lifting the unlocking part of the locking mechanism 40. During the process of lifting the locking rod 430, the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 slides along the unlocking surface 440, as... Figure 6b As shown (partial lock base and locking rod omitted), the unlocking mechanism 20 slides from one side of the unlocking surface 440 to the other side. At this time, the locking member 30 of the battery pack 10 is still within the lock base 410 of the locking mechanism 40, specifically within the locking groove 413 of the lock base 410. Then, under the action of an external drive device, the battery pack 10 moves horizontally. During this horizontal movement, since the unlocking surface 440 extends along the length of the locking rod 430, the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can also move along the length of the locking rod 430, allowing the locking mechanism 40 to be in an unlocked state. During the horizontal movement of the unlocking mechanism 20, it keeps the locking rod 430 at a certain height, preventing the locking rod 430 from moving up and down, which would cause unlocking failure.

[0091] In specific implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the unlocking surface 440 can be the surface of the locking link 430 facing the lock base 410. This surface is horizontal, and since the unlocking surface is horizontal, it has greater fault tolerance and can always remain within the unlocking surface even if there is a misalignment of the unlocking device or a torsional angle. In other embodiments, the unlocking surface 440 may also have other structural forms.

[0092] In other implementations, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the lower surface of the locking link 430 has a recess 450 extending away from the lock base 410, that is, the recess 450 is recessed toward the locking link 430 (i.e., recessed upwards), and the unlocking surface 440 is at least one of the inner surfaces of the recess 450.

[0093] The lower surface of the lock connecting rod 430 has a recess 450, the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can be accommodated by the recess 450, so as to limit the movement of the unlocking mechanism 20, so that the unlocking mechanism 20 can move linearly, and avoid dislocation, so as to cause unlocking failure. The top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can extend into the bottom surface 451 of the recess 450, so that the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can be in contact with the bottom surface 451 and at least one side surface 452 in the inner surface of the recess 450; or, the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 extends into the recess 450, but is not in contact with the bottom surface 451, so that the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can be in contact with two side surfaces 452 in the inner surface of the recess 450. As shown in Figure 7 the figure, the recess 450 can have a structure with a circular arc transition, and the width thereof can gradually increase from the opening to the bottom surface 451, so as to guide the unlocking mechanism 20 to enter the recess 450, and appropriately tolerate errors, so that the unlocking device moves along the length direction of the lock connecting rod in the unlocking surface, and facilitates the stopping of the unlocking device. The recess 450 can also have other structure forms, such as triangular or prismatic, etc., and can form an optimal unlocking line with the unlocking device, and appropriately tolerate errors, so that the unlocking device moves along the length direction of the lock connecting rod in the unlocking surface, and facilitates the stopping of the unlocking device.

[0094] As shown in Figure 8 the figure, the recess 450 can also have a rectangular structure, so that the two side walls of the recess 450 can more reliably limit the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20.

[0095] Preferably, the inner surface of the recess 450 extends in the horizontal direction, so that the unlocking mechanism 20 can abut against the lock connecting rod 430 in the horizontal direction.

[0096] As a preferred embodiment, in the initial state, the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 extends out of the outlet 110 of the battery pack 10, and has a spacing in the vertical direction with the unlocking surface 440.

[0097] The initial state refers to the state when the battery pack 10 is locked by the locking mechanism 40, and the unlocking mechanism 20 does not perform unlocking operation on the locking mechanism 40, that is, the state as shown in the figure. In the initial state, the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 can extend out of the outlet 110 of the battery pack 10, so as to shorten the distance between the top end and the unlocking surface 440, reduce the movement distance of the unlocking mechanism 20, improve the unlocking efficiency, and also improve the reliability of unlocking. Figure 3

[0098] As a preferred embodiment, the unlocking surface 440 is also provided with a buffer structure (not shown in the figure), and the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 abuts against the buffer structure.

[0099] ​In specific implementation, a buffer structure is set on the unlocking surface 440. When the top of the unlocking mechanism 20 acts on the unlocking surface 440, it can be buffered by the buffer structure to avoid wear of the unlocking surface 440 due to rigid contact during the unlocking process. This not only improves the service life, but also ensures that the unlocking mechanism 20 unlocks the locking member 30 in place during unlocking, avoiding unlocking failure due to the locking linkage 430 not moving in place.

[0100] The top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 matches the unlocking surface 440 of the locking mechanism 40, enabling it to act on the unlocking surface 440 of the locking mechanism 40. In specific implementations, the unlocking mechanism 20 can also adopt various structural forms; some feasible implementation methods will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0101] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 ,as well as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the top of the unlocking mechanism 20 has a smooth shape, or, as... Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, a rolling element 220 is provided at the top of the unlocking mechanism 20.

[0102] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 ,as well as Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, by having the rounded top end of 210 abut against the locking rod 430, the contact area with the locking rod 430 can be reduced, facilitating the horizontal movement of the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 relative to the locking rod 430. Alternatively, as... Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, by setting a rolling element 220 at the top of the unlocking mechanism 20, a rolling connection can be formed with the locking rod 430, which reduces the resistance to relative movement between the top of the unlocking mechanism 20 and the locking rod 430, and facilitates relative movement.

[0103] The smooth shape can be spherical or ellipsoidal. The rolling element 220 may include a base 221 and a ball 222, which is housed and confined within the base 221 and is capable of rolling within the base 221.

[0104] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 10 As shown, the bottom of the unlocking mechanism 20 is provided with an input end plate 230, and the extending direction of the input end plate 230 is consistent with the extending direction of the unlocking surface 440 of the unlocking mechanism 20. Providing the input end plate 230 at the bottom of the unlocking mechanism 20 increases the contact range between the external driving device and the unlocking mechanism 20; and as... Figure 3As shown, the extending direction of the input end plate 230 is consistent with the extending direction of the unlocking surface 440, so that when the unlocking mechanism 20 unlocks the lock connecting rod 430, the external driving device can also form reliable contact with the unlocking mechanism 20 in the same aspect, avoiding the dislocation of contact between the external driving device and the unlocking mechanism 20 caused by the movement of the external driving device.

[0105] As shown in the figures, Figure 3 The battery pack 10 has a containing cavity 120 which penetrates through the battery pack 10 in the vertical direction for placing the unlocking mechanism 20; wherein the containing cavity 120 is in communication with the outlet 110 at the top of the battery pack 10. By setting the containing cavity 120 in the battery pack 10, space can be left for the setting of the unlocking mechanism 20, and the unlocking mechanism 20 can also be integrated in the battery pack 10, so that the structure of the battery pack 10 is compact.

[0106] As shown in the figures, Figures 9-10 The unlocking mechanism 20 includes an unlocking rod 241 and a mounting piece 242, the unlocking rod 241 is mounted to the battery pack 10 through the mounting piece 242, and the unlocking rod 241 is elastically connected with the mounting piece 242. By setting the unlocking rod 241 in the battery pack 10 in an elastic connection manner, the impact force can be buffered, and the unlocking rod 241 can be easily restored to the original position after unlocking.

[0107] As shown in the figures, Figure 9 , Figure 10 The unlocking mechanism 20 further includes a first elastic part 243, the first elastic part 243 is sleeved on the unlocking rod 241, the bottom end of the first elastic part 243 abuts against the unlocking rod 241, the other end of the first elastic part 243 abuts against the mounting piece 242, and the first elastic part 243 is used for resetting the unlocking rod 241 relative to the battery pack 10.

[0108] Figure 9 A schematic view of the first elastic part 243 in the initial state is shown. As shown in the figures, Figure 10 The unlocking rod 241 is a whole moving type rod structure, specifically, it is composed of a first unlocking rod 251 and a second unlocking rod 252, the first unlocking rod 251 and the second unlocking rod 252 are fixedly connected, and when being jacked up by the external driving device, the unlocking rod 241 moves as a whole. The first unlocking rod 251 is also provided with an abutting part 211, the upper surface of the abutting part 211 can be used as the surface abutting against the first elastic part 243.

[0109] As a preferred implementation manner, as shown in the figures, Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the top of the mounting member 242 is provided with a guide structure 260, the top end of the unlocking rod 241 is inserted into the guide structure 260 and at least partially extends from the upper end of the guide structure 260, and the guide structure 260 is used to position the outlet 110 of the battery pack 10 and limit the horizontal movement freedom of the unlocking rod 241.

[0110] By setting the guide structure 260 to limit the horizontal movement freedom of the unlocking rod 241, it can avoid the unlocking failure caused by the position deviation of the jacking of the unlocking rod 241 relative to the locking structure on the vehicle body, and avoid the collision between the moving direction of the unlocking rod 241 and the outlet 110, thereby protecting the unlocking rod 241 and the outlet 110. Specifically, as shown in Figure 10 The guide structure 260 can be a sleeve.

[0111] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 The locking member 30 in the battery pack 10 is a lock shaft, both ends of the lock shaft are fixed to the battery pack 10, the lock base 410 is provided with a lock groove 411, the lock groove 411 penetrates the lock base 410 along the thickness direction of the lock base 410, and the lock groove 411 is used for the lock shaft to penetrate and insert for locking.

[0112] Both ends of the lock shaft are fixed to the battery pack 10, and the lock groove 411 penetrates the lock base 410 along the thickness direction of the lock base 410; after the lock shaft is hung on the lock groove 411, both ends of the lock shaft can be stressed, which improves the bearing effect of the lock shaft on the battery pack 10, and makes the connection between the battery pack 10 and the locking mechanism 40 more firm and stable.

[0113] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 The lock groove 411 has an opening groove 412 extending in the vertical direction and a locking groove 413 extending in the horizontal direction, the opening groove 412 extends upward from the bottom of the lock base 410, and the top of the opening groove 412 is communicated with the locking groove 413. Through the opening groove 412 and the locking groove 413 communicated therewith, the lock shaft can enter the locking groove 413 from the opening groove 412 and finally be locked in the locking groove 413, which is a simple locking step and can improve the locking efficiency and success rate.

[0114] In this embodiment, the external driving force is a battery replacement device with an unlocking driving mechanism, which acts on the unlocking mechanism 20 and drives the unlocking mechanism 20 to move up and down to unlock the locking mechanism 40. The unlocking driving force can be provided to the unlocking mechanism 20 by the external battery replacement device, thereby simplifying the structure of the battery pack 10.

[0115] Embodiment 2

[0116] As shown in Figure 11As shown, the present embodiment provides another schematic diagram of the locking mechanism, Figure 11 The difference between the locking mechanism in the present embodiment and the locking mechanism in Embodiment 1 is that the locking link 430 in the locking mechanism 40 in the present embodiment has a part further extending downward at the unlocking surface 440, which is closer to the top end of the unlocking mechanism than the locking mechanism 40 in Embodiment 1, so as to further shorten the distance between the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 and the unlocking surface 440, and improve the efficiency and reliability of unlocking.

[0117] In addition, the locking link 430 in the present embodiment also has a reset spring 431 between the locking link 430 and the locking base 410, which can apply a force to the locking link 430 during the process of the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 moving downward to the initial position, so as to reset the locking link 430 from the unlocking position to the locking position.

[0118] Embodiment 3

[0119] As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 The present embodiment provides another unlocking mechanism, and the difference between the present embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the specific structural form of the unlocking mechanism is different; the other structures of the electric vehicle are consistent with those in Embodiments 1 and 2. In addition, the unlocking mechanism in the present embodiment can also be combined with any of the embodiments in Embodiments 1 and 2.

[0120] Figure 12 As shown, the first elastic part 243 is in the initial state; as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 The unlocking lever 241 of the unlocking mechanism 20 is a split structure, has two-stage elastic compression, and further has an abutting part 211 on the upper part of the unlocking lever 241, and the upper surface of the abutting part 211 can be used as the surface abutting against the first elastic part 243.

[0121] As shown in Figure 11As shown, the unlocking mechanism 20 includes an unlocking rod 241 and a mounting member 242, the unlocking rod 241 is mounted to the battery pack 10 through the mounting member 242, the unlocking rod 241 includes a first unlocking rod 251, a second unlocking rod 252, an abutting portion 211 is arranged on the first unlocking rod 251, a first elastic portion 243 is sleeved on the first unlocking rod 251, a bottom end of the first elastic portion 243 abuts against the abutting portion 211, the other end of the first elastic portion 243 abuts against the mounting member 242, and the first elastic portion 243 is used for resetting the unlocking rod 241 relative to the battery pack 10. The unlocking mechanism 20 further includes a second elastic portion 253, the second unlocking rod 252 is elastically connected with the first unlocking rod 251 through the second elastic portion 253, the second elastic portion 253 is arranged in a spaced manner with the first elastic portion 243, and a top end of the first unlocking rod 251 can protrude from the outlet 110 of the battery pack 10 and abut against the locking mechanism 40 to perform unlocking.

[0122] The elastic member is arranged to achieve elastic connection of the unlocking rod 241 relative to the mounting member 242, and the structure is simple and reliable. Meanwhile, the first unlocking rod 251 and the second unlocking rod 252 of the unlocking rod 241 are also connected through the second elastic portion 253, the second elastic portion 253 can store energy as an energy storage component, the first unlocking rod 251 is convenient to push open the locking link 430 when the second elastic portion 253 is in a compressed state, and the impact force between the first unlocking rod 251 and the second unlocking rod 252 is buffered by the second elastic portion 253, so that hard impact on the locking mechanism 40 is avoided. After the battery replacement trolley drives the unlocking rod 241 to be lifted into place, the unlocking rod 241 is prevented from being further lifted to cause parts to be damaged by contraction of the unlocking rod 241 under the action of the second elastic portion 253.

[0123] As a preferred implementation manner, as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, a guide structure 260 is arranged at a top of the mounting member 242, a top end of the unlocking rod 241 is arranged in the guide structure 260 and protrudes from an upper end of the guide structure 260 at least partially, and the guide structure 260 is used for positioning the outlet 110 of the battery pack 10 and limiting the movement freedom degree of the unlocking rod 241 in the horizontal direction.

[0124] The guide structure 260 is arranged to limit the movement freedom degree of the unlocking rod 241 in the horizontal direction, so that unlocking failure caused by position deviation of lifting of the unlocking rod 241 relative to the locking structure on the vehicle body is avoided, and movement direction deviation of the unlocking rod 241 and collision with the outlet 110 are avoided, so that the unlocking rod 241 and the outlet 110 are protected. Specifically, as shown in Figure 12 The guide structure 260 can be a sleeve.

[0125] Embodiment 4

[0126] AsFigure 14 and Figure 15 The present embodiment provides another unlocking mechanism, and the difference between the present embodiment and the above embodiments 1 and 3 is that the specific structure of the unlocking mechanism is different. The other structures of the electric vehicle are consistent with those in the above embodiments 1 to 3. Moreover, the unlocking mechanism in the present embodiment can also be combined with any of the embodiments 1 to 3.

[0127] As shown in Figure 14 , the unlocking mechanism 20 includes an unlocking rod 241 and a mounting member 242, the unlocking rod 241 is mounted to the battery pack 10 through the mounting member 242, and the unlocking mechanism 20 further includes a first elastic part 243, the first elastic part 243 is sleeved on the unlocking rod 241, the bottom end of the first elastic part 243 abuts against the unlocking rod 241, and the other end of the first elastic part 243 abuts against a guide cylinder in the mounting member 242. The first elastic part 243 is used for resetting the unlocking rod 241 relative to the battery pack 10.

[0128] Figure 15 A schematic view of the first elastic part 243 in a compressed state is shown in

[0129] More specifically, as shown in Figure 15 , the unlocking rod 241 of the unlocking mechanism 20 is of an integrated structure, and the upper surface of the input end plate 230 at the lower end thereof can serve as the abutting surface of the first elastic part 243.

[0130] In specific implementation, for the unlocking mechanism 20 with one-stage elastic compression shown in Figure 14 , a component with elastic compression can also be configured at the output end corresponding to the unlocking mechanism 20 in the external driving device, so that the external driving device and the unlocking mechanism 20 can jointly form two-stage elastic compression, avoiding the parts from being damaged by being pushed.

[0131] As shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15 , by providing a rolling member 220 at the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20, a rolling connection can be formed with the lock connecting rod 430, the resistance of the relative movement between the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 and the lock connecting rod 430 is reduced, and the relative movement is facilitated. The rolling member 220 can include a base 221 and a rolling ball 222, the rolling ball 222 is contained and limited in the base 221 and can roll in the base 221.

[0132] For the above embodiments 1-4, Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 , a structure in which the top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 is round and smooth 210 is shown, which is also applicable to Figure 14 andFigure 15 The top end of the unlocking mechanism 20 shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15 may be the structure of the rolling member 220, which can also be applied to the unlocking mechanism 20 in Figure 12 and Figure 13 . The specific embodiment should not be limited to the embodiments provided by the embodiments of the present application. In specific implementation, the guide structure 260 can also be applied to the unlocking mechanism 20 in Figure 14 and Figure 15 .

[0133] Embodiment 5

[0134] In the above embodiments, the locking shaft is locked by the lock base 410 and the lock tongue 420. In specific implementation, the locking member 30 and the locking mechanism 40 can also have other embodiments, which will be further described below.

[0135] In this embodiment, the locking mechanism 40 is a rotating locking mechanism 40, and the locking member 30 is connected with the locking mechanism 40 in rotating cooperation.

[0136] The locking member 30 includes at least one of a threaded member, a spring ball, a T-shaped lock, and a hook, and the unlocking mechanism 20 is configured to drive the locking member 30 to rotate.

[0137] Specifically, in the threaded connection mode, as shown in Figure 16 and Figure 17 , the locking mechanism 40 includes a locking seat 801, the locking seat 801 has a first opening hole 802 extending in the vertical direction, and the first opening hole 802 is provided with a first threaded portion 804, which is an internal thread. The locking member 30 includes a mounting shell 907 and a locking body 906, the mounting shell 907 has a second opening hole 905 extending in the vertical direction, and the locking body 906 is vertically arranged in the second opening hole 905. The locking body 906 is movable relative to the mounting shell 907 in the vertical direction and is provided with a second threaded portion 904 matched with the first threaded portion 804. The second threaded portion 904 can be engaged with the first threaded portion 804, so as to realize locking and unlocking of the locking mechanism 40 and the locking member 30.

[0138] In other specific embodiments, in the rotating clamping mode, as shown in Figure 18 , Figure 19 and Figure 20 .As shown, the locking mechanism 40 includes a locking seat 801 having a first opening 802 extending in the vertical direction, the locking seat 801 is provided with a hanging part 803, the locking seat 801 has a hanging cavity, the first opening 802 communicates with the hanging cavity, and the hanging seat 803 is located at the bottom of the hanging cavity. In the embodiment, the first opening 802 is a square hole, and the hanging part 803 is located on both sides of the first opening 802. The locking member 30 includes a locking body 906, and the upper end of the locking body 906 is provided with a hanging rod 903 extending in the horizontal direction. The hanging rod 903 is a columnar body and is horizontally arranged at the top of the locking body 906. The locking rod 903 and the locking body 906 jointly form a T-shaped structure.

[0139] When the hanging rod 903 is in the first position, the hanging rod 903 can pass through the first opening 802 and enter the hanging cavity of the locking seat 801. When the hanging rod 903 located in the hanging cavity is rotated to the second position, the hanging rod 903 can be hung on the limiting part 803, so that the locking mechanism 40 is relatively locked and fixed with the locking member 30.

[0140] In other specific embodiments, in the hooking and locking mode, as shown in Figure 21 As shown, the base 702 is provided with a channel 701 extending in the direction of gravity, and the channel 701 extends to the lower surface of the base 702 to enable the locking member 30 to enter and exit the channel 701. The locking mechanism 40 is arranged on the base 702. The locking mechanism 40 is configured to lock the locking member 30 when the locking member 30 moves upward to a predetermined position of the channel 701, and the locking mechanism 40 is configured to release the locking of the locking member 30, so that the locking member 30 moves downward under the action of gravity of the battery pack 10 to disengage from the channel 701.

[0141] The locking mechanism 40 can include a first locking body 703 and a second locking body 704. The first locking body 703 is rotatably mounted on the base 702. The first locking body 703 is configured to prevent the locking member 30 located at the predetermined position of the channel 701 from moving downward when it is in the locking position, so as to lock the locking member 30. The second locking body 704 is configured to prevent the first locking body 703 from rotating when the first locking body 703 rotates to the locking position, so that the first locking body 703 remains in the locking position.

[0142] More specifically, the first locking body 703 can be a ratchet, and the second locking body 704 can be a pawl. The ratchet is configured to be driven by the locking member 30 to rotate in the first direction A1 during the upward movement of the locking member 30. The pawl is configured to engage with the ratchet when the locking member 30 moves upward to the predetermined position of the channel 701 to prevent the ratchet from rotating, for example, to prevent the ratchet from rotating in the second direction A2 opposite to the first direction A1, so as to lock the locking member 30 in the channel 701 by the ratchet, thereby achieving the locking of the battery pack 10.

[0143] In the present embodiment, the external driving force is a battery replacement device having an unlocking driving mechanism, which acts on the unlocking mechanism 20 and drives the unlocking mechanism 20 to rotate to unlock the rotary locking mechanism 40. The unlocking driving force can be provided to the unlocking mechanism 20 by the external battery replacement device, so that the structure of the battery pack 10 can be simplified.

[0144] Although the specific embodiments of the present application are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present application, and these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle comprising a battery pack and a locking mechanism mounted on the electric vehicle for locking the battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack is provided with an unlocking mechanism, which is used to unlock the locking mechanism under external driving force; The battery pack is provided with a locking part, which cooperates with the locking mechanism to realize locking and unlocking of the battery pack, when the battery pack is unlocked, the battery pack is removed from the electric vehicle; the top end of the unlocking mechanism can be extended from an outlet of the battery pack and abut against the locking mechanism to unlock; the surface of the battery pack towards the locking mechanism is provided with the outlet.

2. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The locking mechanism comprises a plurality of lock bases, at least part of the lock bases are provided with a lock tongue, the lock tongue is rotatably installed in the lock base, and the top end of the unlocking mechanism can be extended from the outlet of the battery pack to unlock the lock tongue.

3. The electric vehicle of claim 2, wherein, The locking mechanism further comprises a lock connecting rod, the lock connecting rod is movably connected with the lock base through the lock tongue, and the top end of the unlocking mechanism can be extended from the outlet of the battery pack and abut against the lock connecting rod to drive the lock tongue to unlock.

4. The electric vehicle of claim 3, wherein, The side of the lock connecting rod towards the lock base has an unlocking surface, the top end of the unlocking mechanism abuts against and moves on the unlocking surface, the unlocking surface extends along the length direction of the lock connecting rod, so that when the unlocking mechanism moves on the unlocking surface, the lock tongue can be driven to unlock and remain in the unlocked state.

5. The electric vehicle of claim 4, wherein, The lower surface of the lock connecting rod has a protruding part extending towards the lock base, and the unlocking surface is located on the bottom surface of the protruding part.

6. The electric vehicle of claim 4, wherein, The unlocking surface is a horizontal surface, or the unlocking surface is a concave square, a concave arc, a concave triangle or a concave prism.

7. The electric vehicle of claim 4, wherein, The unlocking surface is further provided with a buffer structure, and the top end of the unlocking mechanism abuts against the buffer structure.

8. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The top end of the unlocking mechanism has a smooth shape, or the top end of the unlocking mechanism is provided with a rolling part.

9. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the unlocking mechanism is provided with an input end plate, and the extension direction of the input end plate is consistent with the extension direction of the unlocking surface of the locking mechanism.

10. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The battery pack has a containing cavity, which penetrates through the battery pack in the vertical direction and is used to place the unlocking mechanism. The containing cavity is communicated with the outlet of the battery pack.

11. The electric vehicle of claim 10, wherein, The unlocking mechanism comprises an unlocking rod and a mounting part, the unlocking rod is mounted on the battery pack through the mounting part, the unlocking mechanism further comprises a first elastic part, the first elastic part is sleeved on the unlocking rod, the bottom end of the first elastic part abuts against the unlocking rod, and the other end of the first elastic part abuts against the mounting part, and the first elastic part is used for resetting the unlocking rod relative to the battery pack.

12. The electric vehicle of claim 11, wherein, The unlocking rod comprises a first unlocking rod and a second unlocking rod, the first elastic part is sleeved on the first unlocking rod, the unlocking mechanism further comprises a second elastic part, the second unlocking rod is elastically connected with the first unlocking rod through the second elastic part, the second elastic part is arranged in a spaced manner with the first elastic part, and the top end of the first unlocking rod can be extended from the outlet of the battery pack and abut against the locking mechanism to unlock.

13. The electric vehicle of claim 11 or 12, wherein, A top of the mounting member is provided with a guide structure, a top end of the unlocking rod is arranged in the guide structure and extends at least partially from an upper end of the guide structure, and the guide structure is used for positioning with an outlet of the battery pack and limiting a horizontal movement freedom degree of the unlocking rod.

14. The electric vehicle of claim 2, wherein, The locking member in the battery pack is a lock shaft, two ends of the lock shaft are fixed to the battery pack, the lock base is provided with a lock groove, the lock groove penetrates through the lock base along a thickness direction of the lock base, and the lock groove is used for penetrating and inserting the lock shaft for locking.

15. The electric vehicle of claim 14, wherein, The lock groove has an opening groove extending along a vertical direction and a locking groove extending along a horizontal direction, the opening groove extends upward from a bottom of the lock base, and a top of the opening groove is communicated with the locking groove.

16. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The locking mechanism is a rotary locking mechanism, and the locking member is rotationally connected with the locking mechanism.

17. The electric vehicle of claim 16, wherein, The locking member includes at least one of a threaded member, a spring ball, a T-shaped lock and a hooking member, and the unlocking mechanism is arranged to drive the locking member to rotate.

18. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The external driving force is a battery replacement device with an unlocking driving mechanism, the unlocking driving mechanism acts on the unlocking mechanism and drives the unlocking mechanism to move up and down and / or rotate.

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