A method for measuring template inclination

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for measuring the inclination of a template. The method is implemented by a measuring device and a measuring step thereof: the measuring device includes a controller and a laser rangefinder arranged on a bracket; the bracket includes: a platform, two vertical rods that can rotate around a common axial center, a laser rangefinder arranged on the vertical rods, horizontal cross rods respectively connected to the top ends of the two vertical rods, each cross rod is provided with a horizontally movable suspension frame, and a vertical beacon on the suspension frame; the measuring step calculates and obtains the inclination by collecting distance data between the vertical beacon and the template. The present invention sets two sets of suspension frames and vertical beacons, and uses a laser rangefinder to measure the distance. The height of the laser rangefinder and the vertical beacon is adjustable, and the inclination of a plane with various devices attached to the surface can be measured at close range on a platform in complex situations, thereby reducing the requirements of the device on the measurement environment; two laser rangefinders are used to measure the distance at the same time, and the inclination of the plane to be measured is solved, thereby reducing the error caused by the instrument not being perpendicular to the plane to be measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of monitoring and measuring technology, in particular to the field of inclination monitoring technology, and relates to the field of hydraulic climbing formwork construction of variable-section high piers in bridge engineering, and specifically to a method for measuring the inclination of a hydraulic climbing formwork template for variable-section super-high piers. Background Art

[0002] Variable-section high-pier bridges are widely used in the field of bridge construction. The construction quality of variable-section high-piers is related to the linear shape of the high-piers and the force and linear shape of the superstructure. Hydraulic climbing formwork is usually used to construct variable-section high-piers. The inclination control of the formwork is one of the most important control indicators for the construction control of variable-section hydraulic climbing formwork.

[0003] Currently, the main means of measuring template inclination is the total station. The measurement method is single and there is no comparative data. In addition, when using the total station for measurement and control, there are often problems such as long distance from the measurement and control point and inconvenience in going back and forth.

[0004] Patent application CN214893258U, a special inclination measuring device for civil construction projects, discloses a measuring device. Based on the principle of gravity, the lower surface of the pedestal is stably contacted with the measuring surface. Under the action of gravity, the pointer will point out the angle on the angle measuring ring. Patent application CN103278074B discloses an inclination measuring instrument. The measuring instrument determines a large range of angles through positioning holes, and then measures precise angles through a measuring plate and a dial indicator. Patent application CN113418505A discloses a full-surface inclination measuring device and a measuring method for a bridge pier. The method uses an inclination pointing device and a hemispherical scale plate to determine the inclination of the surface to be measured. Patent application CN109668543A discloses a laser radar-based inclination measurement method. The method uses a laser radar to obtain angle coordinate information to calculate the inclination of the surface to be measured.

[0005] However, due to the large height of the variable-section super-high pier and the small slope angle, high measurement accuracy is required, and the construction site conditions are complex. The above measurement technology is difficult to use in the measurement of the inclination of the variable-section high pier formwork and has many shortcomings. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention discloses a method for measuring the inclination of a formwork in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an applicable, convenient and real-time formwork inclination measurement method to address the problem that the existing concrete casting formwork measurement device is limited by construction conditions, which results in a single measurement method and inaccurate measurement and control, especially the need for measuring the inclination of a variable-section high-pier hydraulic climbing formwork.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A template inclination measurement method is implemented by the following measuring device and measuring steps:

[0009] The measuring device comprises: a laser rangefinder for obtaining the measured distance and a controller combined with the laser rangefinder to collect, organize and display data, the laser rangefinder is fixedly arranged on a bracket; the bracket comprises a platform, two vertical rods are arranged vertically in parallel at the center of the platform, the two vertical rods can rotate around a common axial center, the two vertical rods are respectively arranged with laser rangefinders that can move up and down along the vertical rods, and the measurement origins of the two laser rangefinders are located at the axial centers of the two vertical rods; the top ends of the two vertical rods are respectively connected to horizontal cross rods perpendicular to the vertical rods, each cross rod is respectively arranged with a suspension frame that can move horizontally along the cross rod, and each suspension frame hangs a vertical beacon that can be retracted and extended up and down and hangs naturally;

[0010] The measurement includes the following steps:

[0011] 1) Place the bracket on a stable operating table at a certain distance from the template to be tested, facing the plane of the template to be tested, and adjust the platform level;

[0012] 2) According to the on-site conditions, adjust the two vertical rods so that they are opened at a suitable angle for laser measurement, adjust the suspension frame to the front of the crossbar and fix it, release the vertical beacon and fix it;

[0013] 3) Adjust the laser rangefinder to the upper position of the vertical pole, measure the distance from the laser rangefinder on the two horizontal poles to the template and store it; measure the distance from the laser rangefinder on the first horizontal pole to the vertical beacon and store it;

[0014] 4) Adjust the laser rangefinder to the lower position of the vertical pole, during which the suspension frame and the vertical beacon remain unchanged, measure the distance from the laser rangefinder on the first horizontal pole to the vertical beacon and store it; measure the distance from the laser rangefinder on the two horizontal poles to the template and store it;

[0015] 5) Data processing to complete the measurement.

[0016] Data processing includes the following methods;

[0017] S1: Establish a spatial rectangular coordinate system with the axial center of the vertical rod as the origin, the direction perpendicular to the horizontal edge of the template as the X-axis, the direction parallel to the horizontal edge of the template as the Y-axis, and the vertical rod direction as the Z-axis;

[0018] S2: Draw a vertical plane parallel to the horizontal line of the template through the straight line where the vertical beacon is located. The angle between the vertical plane and the template plane is the inclination angle to be determined;

[0019] S3: Use the cosine theorem and trigonometric functions to calculate the local coordinates of the control points;

[0020] S4: Calculate the normal vectors of the vertical plane and the template plane according to the local coordinates of the control point;

[0021] S5: Calculate the angle between the template plane and the vertical plane to complete the measurement.

[0022] The support of the invention adopts a tripod support, which is composed of supporting legs and a platform; the supporting legs are provided with adjusting bolts for leveling, and the surface of the platform is provided with leveling bubbles and a rotating track for rotating two vertical rods.

[0023] Furthermore, the rotating track is provided with fixing screws for positioning and fixing the rotation of the vertical rod, and is provided with an angle scale for obtaining the angle measured by the two laser rangefinders.

[0024] Furthermore, the cross-section of the vertical rod shell is an open rectangle, the laser rangefinder is arranged in the rectangular shell, the two vertical rods are fixed together by a rotating shaft located at the axial center, the rotating shaft is fixed on the platform, and the two vertical rods can be rotated and opened along the rotating track and around the rotating shaft to realize the measurement of the two laser rangefinders at an angle.

[0025] Furthermore, the cross section of the cross bar shell is an open rectangle, and the suspension frame moves through the cross rail inside the rectangular cross bar.

[0026] The top of the crossbar of the measuring device of the present invention is provided with an arc guide rail, the crossbar can rotate along with the rotation of the vertical bar, and the two crossbars and the arc guide rail form a tripod system, thereby increasing the stability of the two crossbars.

[0027] The invention is useful in that the invention adopts an adjustable bracket for support, is provided with two sets of suspension frames and vertical beacons, adopts a laser rangefinder for distance measurement, and the heights of the laser rangefinder and the vertical beacon are adjustable, and can measure the inclination of a plane with various devices attached to the surface at a close distance on a placement platform in complex situations, thereby reducing the requirements of the device on the measurement environment; two laser rangefinders are used for simultaneous distance measurement, and a mathematical method is combined to solve the inclination of the plane to be measured, thereby reducing the error caused by the instrument not being perpendicular to the plane to be measured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the measuring device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is an elevation view of a tripod stand of a measuring device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a top view of a tripod stand of a measuring device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is a bottom view of a tripod stand of a measuring device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is an elevation view of a vertical rod of the measuring device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is a top view of the crossbar of the measuring device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a crossbar of a measuring device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical rod of a measuring device of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cable connection of the measuring device of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the calculation model of the measurement method of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 This is a plane schematic diagram of point S of the calculation model of the measurement method of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 It is a plane schematic diagram of point O of the calculation model of the measurement method of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure, 1 is a bracket, 12 is a supporting leg, 13 is an adjusting bolt, 14 is a platform, 15 is a leveling bubble, 16 is a rotating track, and 17 is a fixing screw; 2 is a vertical rod, 21 is a vertical rod housing, 22 is an electric vertical rail, 23 is a rotating shaft, 24 is a first vertical rod, and 25 is a second vertical rod; 3 is a cross rod, 31 is a cross rod housing, 32 is an electric cross rail, 33 is a suspension bracket, 34 is a vertical beacon, 35 is an arc guide rail, 36 is a first cross rod, and 37 is a second cross rod; 4 is a laser rangefinder, and 5 is a controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. The specific implementation methods are further descriptions of the principles of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any way. Technologies that are the same or similar to the present invention do not exceed the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] As shown in the figure, the variable-section high pier hydraulic climbing formwork template inclination measuring device of the present invention comprises a tripod, a vertical rod, a horizontal rod, a laser rangefinder, and a controller; the tripod comprises a frame support and a support platform, and an adjusting screw is provided on the frame support; the lower end of the vertical rod is vertically fixed to the top surface of the tripod, and comprises a first vertical rod and a second vertical rod, the two vertical rods are identical, and an electric track is arranged inside, and the laser rangefinder is installed on the electric track, and can move up and down and emit a laser perpendicular to the corresponding vertical rod and parallel to the corresponding horizontal rod for distance measurement, and the two laser rangefinders are in the same position along the vertical rod direction; the horizontal rod is vertically fixed to the upper end of the vertical rod, and comprises a first horizontal rod and a second horizontal rod, the two horizontal rods are identical, and an electric track, a suspension device, and a vertical device are arranged inside, the suspension device is fixed on the electric track, and the vertical device is connected to the suspension device; the centralized controller is connected to and can electrically control the laser rangefinder, the electric track, and the suspension device;

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the tripod includes a metal frame support and a support platform. The frame support is provided with an adjustment screw, and the support platform is provided with a leveling bubble, a rotating track and a vertical rod. The tripod is leveled by adjusting the adjustment screw on the frame support. The outer periphery of the rotating track is provided with an angle scale, and the bottom surface is provided with a fixing screw.

[0044] The cross section of the vertical rod shell is an open rectangle. The two vertical rods are fixed together by a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is fixed on the bracket platform. The two vertical rods can rotate along the rotating track and around the rotating shaft to open a certain angle and are tightened and fixed by a fixing screw.

[0045] The cross section of the crossbar shell is a downwardly open rectangle. The suspension device is fixed on the electric track inside the crossbar and can move along the electric track. The suspension device can move along the electric guide rail. A rotating guide rail is provided on the top of the crossbar. The crossbar can rotate with the rotation of the vertical bar. The setting of the arc guide rail can increase its stability during rotation.

[0046] The vertical device is connected to the suspension device, and the length of the vertical device in the vertical direction can be controlled by controlling the rotation of the suspension device. The vertical device is composed of a metal strip and a hanging weight, and the metal strip is soft, thin and narrow.

[0047] The centralized controller is the master control device, equipped with a display screen and buttons, which can control the laser rangefinder to move up and down along the electric guide rail, measure the distance and record the distance it moves, and can control the suspension device to move along the electric guide rail inside the crossbar and adjust the length of the vertical device by controlling the suspension device;

[0048] A device for measuring the inclination of a hydraulic climbing formwork for a variable-section high pier, wherein the specific operation method is as follows: placing a tripod not far from the formwork to be measured, adjusting the tripod screw on the frame support to make the frame platform approximately horizontal, manually controlling the two vertical rods to open at a certain angle and tightening them for measurement, adjusting the suspension devices on the two horizontal rods to a suitable position and retracting the vertical devices; adjusting the two laser rangefinders to the upper part of the vertical rods, measuring the distances between the two and the formwork, adjusting the length of the vertical device of the first horizontal rod, and measuring the distance from the laser rangefinder in the first vertical rod to the vertical device; adjusting the two laser rangefinders to the lower part of the vertical rod, measuring the distance from the laser rangefinder in the first vertical rod to the vertical device, retracting the vertical device, and measuring the distances from the two laser rangefinders to the formwork;

[0049] like Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown in the figure, it is assumed that the measurement data of a variable-section high pier hydraulic climbing formwork inclination measurement device is:

[0050] SA1=a1 SB1=b1 SB2=b2

[0051] OC1=c1 OD1=d1 OD2=d2

[0052] OS=h ∠A1SA2=∠C1OC2=α

[0053] Among them, SA1 is the measured distance between the upper measuring point of the first vertical pole laser rangefinder and the vertical plane, SB1 is the measured distance between the upper measuring point of the first vertical pole laser rangefinder and the template plane, SB2 is the measured distance between the upper measuring point of the second vertical pole laser rangefinder and the template plane, OC1 is the measured distance between the lower measuring point of the first vertical pole laser rangefinder and the vertical plane, OD1 is the measured distance between the lower measuring point of the first vertical pole laser rangefinder and the template plane, OD2 is the measured distance between the lower measuring point of the second vertical pole laser rangefinder and the template plane, OS is the distance between the upper and lower measuring points, ∠A1SA2 is the angle between the two horizontal bars of the upper measuring point, and ∠C1OC2 is the angle between the two horizontal bars of the lower measuring point.

[0054] S1, establish a spatial rectangular coordinate system, with the second measuring point of the laser rangefinder as the origin, the vertical rod direction as the Z axis, the horizontal line perpendicular to the template plane as the X axis, and the Y axis parallel to the template plane to establish a spatial rectangular coordinate system;

[0055] S2, a vertical plane A1A2C2C1 parallel to the horizontal line in the template plane is made through the straight line where the vertical device of the first crossbar is located;

[0056] S3, use the sine and cosine theorems to solve the local coordinates of the control points. The calculation method is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Y A2 =-a2cos∠SA2A1 X A2 =a2sin∠SA2A1 Z A2 =h

[0059] Similarly, the local coordinates of A1, C1, B1, B2, and D1 can be calculated;

[0060] S4, solve the normal vectors of the two planes. The calculation process is as follows:

[0061] Let the normal vector of the vertical plane A1A2C2C1 be:

[0062]

[0063] but:

[0064]

[0065] Right now:

[0066]

[0067] Assume the normal vector of the template plane B1B2D2D1 is:

[0068]

[0069] but:

[0070]

[0071] Right now:

[0072]

[0073] S5, so the angle between the vertical plane and the template plane is:

[0074]

[0075] The measurement is complete.

Claims

1. A method for measuring template inclination, characterized in that: The measuring device includes: a laser rangefinder for obtaining the measured distance and a controller combined with the laser rangefinder to collect, organize and display data, the laser rangefinder is fixedly arranged on a bracket; the bracket includes a platform, two vertical rods are arranged vertically in parallel at the center of the platform, the two vertical rods can rotate around a common axial center, the two vertical rods are respectively arranged with laser rangefinders that can move up and down along the vertical rods, and the measurement origins of the two laser rangefinders are located at the axial centers of the two vertical rods; the top ends of the two vertical rods are respectively connected to horizontal cross rods perpendicular to the vertical rods, each cross rod is respectively arranged with a suspension frame that can move horizontally along the cross rod, and each suspension frame hangs a vertical beacon that can be retracted and extended up and down and naturally hangs; The measurement includes the following steps: 1) Place the bracket on a stable operating table at a certain distance from the template to be tested, facing the plane of the template to be tested, and adjust the platform level; 2) According to the on-site conditions, adjust the two vertical rods so that they are opened at a suitable angle for laser measurement, adjust the suspension frame to the front of the crossbar and fix it, release the vertical beacon and fix it; 3) Adjust the laser rangefinder to the upper position of the vertical pole, measure the distance from the laser rangefinder on the two horizontal poles to the template and store it; measure the distance from the laser rangefinder on the first horizontal pole to the vertical beacon and store it; 4) Adjust the laser rangefinder to the lower position of the vertical pole, during which the suspension frame and the vertical beacon remain unchanged, measure the distance from the laser rangefinder on the first horizontal pole to the vertical beacon and store it; measure the distance from the laser rangefinder on the two horizontal poles to the template and store it; 5) Data processing to complete the measurement, including: S1: Establish a spatial rectangular coordinate system with the axial center of the vertical rod as the origin, the direction perpendicular to the horizontal edge of the template as the X-axis, the direction parallel to the horizontal edge of the template as the Y-axis, and the vertical rod direction as the Z-axis; S2: Draw a vertical plane parallel to the horizontal line of the template through the straight line where the vertical beacon is located. The angle between the vertical plane and the template plane is the inclination angle to be determined; S3: Use the cosine theorem and trigonometric functions to calculate the local coordinates of the control points; S4: Calculate the normal vectors of the vertical plane and the template plane according to the local coordinates of the control point; S5: Calculate the angle between the template plane and the vertical plane to complete the measurement.

2. The template inclination measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket is a tripod bracket, which is composed of supporting legs and a platform; the supporting legs are provided with adjusting bolts for leveling, and the surface of the platform is provided with leveling bubbles and a rotating track for rotating two vertical rods.

3. The template inclination measurement method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating track is provided with fixing screws for positioning and fixing the rotation of the vertical rod, and is also provided with angle scales for obtaining the angle measured by the two laser rangefinders.

4. The template inclination measurement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-section of the vertical rod shell is an open rectangle. The laser rangefinder is arranged in the rectangular shell. The two vertical rods are fixed together by a rotating shaft located at the axial center. The rotating shaft is fixed on the platform. The two vertical rods can be rotated and opened along the rotating track and around the rotating shaft to realize the measurement of the two laser rangefinders at an angle.

5. The template inclination measurement method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the crossbar shell is an open rectangle, and the suspension frame moves through the cross rail inside the rectangular crossbar.

6. The template inclination measurement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: An arc-shaped guide rail is arranged on the top of the horizontal bar, and the horizontal bar can rotate along with the rotation of the vertical bar.

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