A test device for improving the combustion efficiency of metal fuel when reacting with water

Abstract

The application discloses a test device for improving the combustion efficiency of metal fuel and water reaction, which comprises an upper combustion chamber, a water inlet arranged on the side wall of the upper combustion chamber, a lower combustion chamber in which metal fuel is placed, and a rotational flow nozzle composed of a guide pipe and a rotational flow pipe which are perpendicular to each other and located in the inner cavity of the upper combustion chamber. The guide pipe is horizontally arranged, the rotational flow pipe is vertically arranged, the upper end of the rotational flow pipe is communicated with the inner end of the guide pipe, the lower end of the rotational flow pipe extends downward and is arranged close to the lower combustion chamber, and the water entering the water inlet is sprayed to the lower combustion chamber after being atomized by the rotational flow, so that the atomized water mist is mixed with the metal gas in the lower combustion chamber and is evaporated by absorbing heat. The injection angle and the distance to the propellant combustion surface of the rotational flow nozzle when the water enters the rotational flow nozzle can be changed by changing the horizontal offset angle of the guide pipe and the vertical length of the rotational flow pipe, so that the metal fuel can be quickly started and continuously combusted by reacting with water.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of water ramjet engine, and particularly relates to a test device for improving combustion efficiency of metal fuel and water reaction. BACKGROUND

[0002] The water ramjet engine is a brand-new concept of underwater power propulsion system, which utilizes high-energy metal fuel and external seawater reaction to generate thrust, has the characteristics of high energy density, large specific impulse, simple structure and high reliability, and is an ideal choice for the current super-high-speed torpedo cruising propulsion system.

[0003] Since the metal fuel used by the water ramjet engine has a small amount of oxidant, the heat released by the self-combustion of the metal fuel is limited, and the liquid water droplets entering the combustion chamber as the oxidant have large evaporation latent heat and absorb more heat in the evaporation process. Under this combustion chamber environment, the combustion process of the metal and water must be reasonably organized and controlled to achieve high-efficiency combustion of the metal / water, and when the metal content in the fuel is further increased, the metal fuel will be difficult to achieve self-sustaining combustion, and the start and maintenance of the metal and water reaction will be difficult. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the application is to provide a test device for improving the combustion efficiency of metal fuel and water reaction, to solve the problems of low combustion efficiency of existing metal fuel and water reaction, unclear combustion law, and difficulties in starting and maintaining combustion due to high metal content and large water flow.

[0005] The application adopts the following technical scheme: a test device for improving the combustion efficiency of metal fuel and water reaction, comprising:

[0006] The upper combustion chamber is a hollow columnar structure arranged vertically, and the upper end of the upper combustion chamber is bolted with an upper cover plate for sealing the upper combustion chamber, and a water inlet is formed in the side wall of the upper combustion chamber,

[0007] The lower combustion chamber is a hollow columnar structure arranged vertically, and is arranged on the lower side of the upper combustion chamber coaxially and in communication with the upper combustion chamber, and the metal fuel is placed in the lower combustion chamber for simulating the combustion chamber of the water ramjet engine in cooperation with the upper combustion chamber,

[0008] The cyclone nozzle is located in the upper combustion chamber inner cavity and used for simulating the water inlet nozzle of the water ramjet engine, which is composed of a guide pipe and a cyclone pipe which are perpendicular to each other, the guide pipe is horizontally arranged, the outer end of the guide pipe is communicated with the water inlet of the upper combustion chamber, and the inner end of the guide pipe is arranged close to the axis of the upper combustion chamber, the cyclone pipe is vertically arranged, the upper end of the cyclone pipe is communicated with the inner end of the guide pipe, and the lower end of the cyclone pipe extends downward and is arranged close to the lower combustion chamber, so that the water entering the water inlet is sprayed to the lower combustion chamber after being atomized by the cyclone, so that the atomized water mist is mixed with the metal gas of the lower combustion chamber, and the heat is absorbed and evaporated.

[0009] Further, the lower end of the cyclone pipe is conical.

[0010] Further, the inner cavity of the lower end of the cyclone pipe is further provided with an atomizing pipe, the atomizing pipe is coaxially arranged with the cyclone pipe,

[0011] The atomizing pipe is vertically arranged, the upper end of the atomizing pipe is closed, the side wall of the atomizing pipe is provided with an entering hole, and the lower end of the atomizing pipe is inwardly contracted to form an atomizing hole, the atomizing hole is used for the water entering through the water inlet to enter the atomizing pipe through the entering hole after sequentially passing through the guide pipe and the cyclone pipe, and then the water is sprayed into the lower combustion chamber through the atomizing hole, so as to atomize the water.

[0012] Further, the fixed ring is located at the lower end of the cyclone pipe and has a hollow ring structure, the fixed ring is horizontally arranged, the outer wall of the fixed ring is fixedly connected with the inner cavity of the lower end of the cyclone pipe, and the inner wall of the fixed ring is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the atomizing pipe, so as to seal the lower end of the cyclone pipe.

[0013] Further, the entering hole of the atomizing pipe is located on the upper side of the fixed ring.

[0014] Further, the entering hole is provided with two and is symmetrically arranged.

[0015] Further, the cyclone nozzle is provided with two and is symmetrically arranged.

[0016] Further, the outer end of the guide pipe and the water inlet are provided with a ball joint adapter.

[0017] Further, the bottom plate is located at the lower side of the lower combustion chamber, is horizontally arranged, and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower combustion chamber, so as to seal the lower combustion chamber.

[0018] Further, the side wall of the lower combustion chamber is provided with an air inlet hole and a pressure measuring hole.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present application are that: the cyclone nozzle of the present application is easy to disassemble and replace, the injection angle and the distance to the propellant combustion surface of the cyclone nozzle when water enters can be changed by changing the horizontal offset angle of the cyclone nozzle guide pipe and the vertical length of the cyclone pipe, the rapid start of the metal fuel and the sustained combustion of the reaction with water are realized, the optimal position of the reaction of the metal with water is reasonably controlled, and the combustion efficiency of the reaction of the metal fuel with water is improved; by changing the flow of the front-end water pump, the water injection speed and momentum of the cyclone nozzle can be controlled, and then the variation law of the metal fuel burning rate under different water-fuel ratios can be studied; the present application has good air tightness and high pressure resistance, can simulate the combustion process of the water ramjet engine under high pressure, and considers the influence of pressure on the combustion process of the reaction of the metal fuel with water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the upper combustion chamber of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cyclone nozzle of the present application.

[0023] 1, upper combustion chamber; 2, lower combustion chamber; 3, upper cover plate; 4, cyclone nozzle; 5, water inlet; 6, bottom plate; 7, guide pipe; 8, cyclone pipe; 9, atomizing pipe; 10, inlet hole; 11, atomizing hole; 12, fixing ring; 13, ball head adapter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] The present application discloses a test device for improving the combustion efficiency of the reaction of metal fuel with water, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , comprising an upper combustion chamber 1, a lower combustion chamber 2 and a cyclone nozzle 4.

[0026] The upper combustion chamber 1 is a hollow columnar structure, the upper combustion chamber 1 is vertically arranged, the upper end of the upper combustion chamber 1 is bolted with an upper cover plate 3, the upper cover plate 3 seals the upper combustion chamber 1, and a water inlet 5 is formed in the side wall of the upper combustion chamber 1; the lower combustion chamber 2 is a hollow columnar structure, the lower combustion chamber 2 is vertically arranged, the lower combustion chamber 2 is located on the lower side of the upper combustion chamber 1 and is coaxially arranged with the upper combustion chamber 1 and is in communication with each other, and the lower combustion chamber 2 is used for placing metal fuel and cooperating with the upper combustion chamber 1 to simulate the combustion chamber of the water ramjet engine.

[0027] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the cyclone nozzle 4 is located in the inner cavity of the upper combustion chamber 1 and is used to simulate the water inlet nozzle of the water ramjet engine, the cyclone nozzle 4 is composed of a guide pipe 7 and a cyclone pipe 8 which are perpendicular to each other, the guide pipe 7 is horizontally arranged, the outer end of the guide pipe 7 is connected with the water inlet 5 of the upper combustion chamber 1, a ball head adapter 13 is arranged between the outer end of the guide pipe 7 and the water inlet 5, the inner end of the guide pipe 7 is arranged close to the axis of the upper combustion chamber 1, the cyclone pipe 8 is vertically arranged, the upper end of the cyclone pipe 8 is connected with the inner end of the guide pipe 7, the lower end of the cyclone pipe 8 extends downward and is arranged close to the lower combustion chamber 2, the cyclone pipe 8 is used to spray the water entering the water inlet 5 to the lower combustion chamber 2 after the water is atomized by the cyclone, so that the atomized water mist is mixed with the metal gas of the lower combustion chamber 2, and is evaporated by absorbing heat, and the lower end of the cyclone pipe 8 is conical. The cyclone nozzle 4 is provided with two and is symmetrically arranged.

[0028] The present application can change the injection angle and the distance to the propellant combustion surface of the cyclone nozzle 4 when the water enters by changing the horizontal offset angle of the guide pipe 7 and the vertical length of the cyclone pipe 8 of the cyclone nozzle 4, realize the rapid start of the metal fuel and the sustained combustion of the reaction with water, reasonably control the best position of the reaction of the metal with water, ensure the combustion efficiency of the reaction of the metal fuel with water, and improve the burning rate of the metal fuel; the present application not only can change the injection angle of the cyclone nozzle 4 when the water enters, but also can change the distance to the propellant combustion surface, so it is beneficial to the mixing of the metal gas and the water vapor, and ensures the ignition and self-sustaining combustion process of the metal fuel, which is beneficial to reasonable organization and control.

[0029] The water inlet direction of the existing cyclone nozzle 4 is horizontal, and the water inlet direction of the water after the water enters is opposite to the direction of the metal gas flow, which is not conducive to the rapid mixing of the metal gas and the water, while the cyclone nozzle 4 of the present application is composed of a guide pipe 7 and a cyclone pipe 8 which are perpendicular to each other, and the water flow of the guide pipe 7 enters the cyclone pipe 8 and is sprayed out from the lower end of the cyclone pipe 8.

[0030] If the length of the cyclone pipe 8 is too long, the gas phase reaction zone of the metal gas and the water is closer to the combustion surface of the fuel, the distance required for the evaporation of the water droplets is short and the evaporation amount is large, which will reduce the temperature of the propellant combustion surface, and the self-sustaining combustion process of the metal fuel will become difficult.

[0031] If the length of the cyclone pipe 8 is too short, the gas phase reaction zone of the metal gas and the water is far away from the combustion surface of the fuel, the distance required for the evaporation of the water droplets is long and the evaporation amount is small, which is not conducive to rapid mixing, and is also not conducive to the ignition and efficient combustion of the metal fuel.

[0032] Based on the above, the vertical length of the cyclone tube 8 is controlled, the distance between the lower end of the cyclone tube 8 and the combustion surface is adjusted according to the replacement of different cyclone tubes 8, so that the metal fuel and water are efficiently combusted to obtain higher combustion speed; the horizontal deviation angle of the flow guide pipe 7 when water enters is controlled, so that the lower end of the cyclone tube 8 does not face the combustion surface of the fuel, thereby avoiding the reduction of the temperature of the propellant combustion surface, and further avoiding the difficulty of the self-sustaining combustion process of the metal fuel.

[0033] The lower combustion chamber 2 is also provided with a horizontal observation window, and the lower combustion chamber 2 provides a place for metal gas and water vapor combustion. Through the symmetrically distributed horizontal observation window, the mixing and combustion process of metal gas and water vapor can be observed, and the reaction of metal fuel and water can be reasonably organized and controlled. The horizontal observation window is installed in the upper combustion chamber of the metal fuel and water mixing, and the reaction process of the metal fuel and water is photographed by optical diagnosis technology.

[0034] The side wall of the lower combustion chamber 2 is provided with an air inlet hole and a pressure measuring hole. The air inlet hole in the wall of the lower combustion chamber 2 can charge the lower combustion chamber 2, realize the combustion of metal gas and water vapor under high pressure environment, and consider the combustion efficiency of metal gas and water vapor reaction under different pressure. The pressure and temperature sensor is installed in the pressure measuring hole, and the pressure and temperature sensor is used to collect the data of the combustion process in real time, observe the change process of the pressure and temperature of the lower combustion chamber 2, and the speed of the reaction and combustion of the metal fuel and water.

[0035] The lower end of the cyclone tube 8 is also provided with an atomizing pipe 9, the atomizing pipe 9 is coaxially arranged with the cyclone tube 8, the atomizing pipe 9 is vertically arranged, the upper end of the atomizing pipe 9 is closed, the side wall of the atomizing pipe 9 is provided with an entering hole 10, and the lower end surface of the atomizing pipe 9 is inwardly contracted to form an atomizing hole 11. The water entering through the water inlet 5 enters the atomizing pipe 9 through the entering hole 10 after passing through the flow guide pipe 7 and the cyclone tube 8, and then is sprayed into the lower combustion chamber 2 through the atomizing hole 11, so as to atomize the water.

[0036] The application also includes a fixed ring 12, which is located at the lower end of the cyclone tube 8 and coaxially arranged with the cyclone tube 8. The fixed ring 12 is a hollow ring structure, and the fixed ring 12 is horizontally arranged. The outer wall of the fixed ring 12 is fixedly connected with the lower end cavity of the cyclone tube 8, and the inner wall of the fixed ring 12 is fixedly connected with the lower end outer wall of the atomizing pipe 9. The fixed ring 12 is used for sealing the lower end of the cyclone tube 8. The entering hole 10 of the atomizing pipe 9 is located on the upper side of the fixed ring 12, and the entering hole 10 is provided with two symmetrically arranged entering holes.

[0037] The application also includes a bottom plate 6, which is located at the lower side of the lower combustion chamber 2. The bottom plate 6 is horizontally arranged and fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower combustion chamber 2. The bottom plate 6 is used for sealing the lower combustion chamber 2.

[0038] The above merely preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for improving the combustion efficiency of metallic fuels reacting with water, characterized in that, include: The upper combustion chamber (1) is a hollow columnar structure, vertically arranged, with an upper cover plate (3) bolted to its upper end. The upper cover plate (3) seals the upper combustion chamber (1). A water inlet (5) is provided on the side wall of the upper combustion chamber (1). The lower combustion chamber (2) is a hollow columnar structure, vertically arranged, located below the upper combustion chamber (1), and coaxially arranged with and connected to the upper combustion chamber (1). It contains metallic fuel and is used to cooperate with the upper combustion chamber (1) to simulate the combustion chamber of a water-jet engine. The swirling nozzle (4), located inside the upper combustion chamber (1) and used to simulate the water inlet nozzle of a water-jet engine, consists of a guide pipe (7) and a swirling pipe (8) that are perpendicular to each other. The guide pipe (7) is set horizontally, and its outer end is connected to the water inlet (5) of the upper combustion chamber (1). Its inner end is set close to the axis of the upper combustion chamber (1). The swirling pipe (8) is set vertically, and its upper end is connected to the inner end of the guide pipe (7). Its lower end extends downward and is set close to the lower combustion chamber (2). It is used to spray the water entering the water inlet (5) into the lower combustion chamber (2) after it is atomized by swirling and atomized, so that the atomized water mist is mixed with the metal combustion gas in the lower combustion chamber (2) and absorbs heat and evaporates.

2. The experimental apparatus for improving the combustion efficiency of metal fuels reacting with water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the cyclone tube (8) is conical.

3. The experimental apparatus for improving the combustion efficiency of metal fuels reacting with water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the cyclone tube (8) is also provided with an atomizing tube (9), which is coaxially arranged with the cyclone tube (8). The atomizing tube (9) is vertically arranged, with its upper end closed and an inlet hole (10) opened on its side wall. Its lower end face is contracted inward to form an atomizing hole (11). The atomizing hole (11) is used for water entering through the water inlet (5) to pass through the guide tube (7) and the swirl tube (8) in sequence, and then enter the atomizing tube (9) through the inlet hole (10), and then spray into the lower combustion chamber (2) through the atomizing hole (11), thereby atomizing the water.

4. A test apparatus for improving the combustion efficiency of metallic fuels reacting with water according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Also includes: The fixing ring (12) is located at the lower end of the cyclone tube (8). It is a hollow ring structure, horizontally set, with its outer wall fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the lower end of the cyclone tube (8) and its inner wall fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower end of the atomizing tube (9). It is used to seal the lower end of the cyclone tube (8).

5. The experimental apparatus for improving the combustion efficiency of metal fuels reacting with water according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inlet (10) of the atomizing tube (9) is located on the upper side of the fixing ring (12).

6. The experimental apparatus for improving the combustion efficiency of metal fuels reacting with water according to claim 3, characterized in that, The entry hole (10) has two holes, which are symmetrically arranged.

7. The experimental apparatus for improving the combustion efficiency of metallic fuels reacting with water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swirling nozzle (4) is provided in two symmetrical configurations.

8. The experimental apparatus for improving the combustion efficiency of metal fuels reacting with water according to claim 1, characterized in that, A ball-head adapter (13) is provided between the outer end of the guide pipe (7) and the inlet (5).

9. A test apparatus for improving the combustion efficiency of metallic fuels reacting with water according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that, Also includes: The base plate (6) is located on the lower side of the lower combustion chamber (2), is horizontally arranged, and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower combustion chamber (2) for sealing the lower combustion chamber (2).

10. The experimental apparatus for improving the combustion efficiency of metallic fuels reacting with water according to claim 9, characterized in that, The lower combustion chamber (2) has an air inlet and a pressure measuring hole on its side wall.

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