Dual power supply switching circuit and dual power supply switching method

Abstract

The application discloses a dual-power switching circuit and a dual-power switching method. The circuit comprises a hardware switching circuit, a software switching circuit, a backup power supply circuit, a secondary power supply circuit and a competition control circuit. The competition control circuit comprises a first competition control module, a second competition control module and an inverting module. The backup power supply circuit and the secondary power supply circuit comprise a power failure prevention module for providing a power failure prevention voltage during a conduction switching process. The hardware switching circuit is connected with the first competition control module and is used for inputting a hardware control signal to the first competition control module. The software switching circuit is connected with the second competition control module and is used for inputting a software control signal to the second competition control module. The first competition control module and the second competition control module are connected with the backup power supply circuit and the inverting module. The inverting module is connected with the secondary power supply circuit. The competition control circuit is used for controlling the conduction switching of the backup power supply circuit and the secondary power supply circuit according to the hardware control signal and the software control signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of automobile control, and in particular to a dual power supply switching circuit and a dual power supply switching method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles, the technology used in electric vehicles has also been continuously improved. Various automobile manufacturers have proposed a dual power supply mode, that is, using a main power supply and a backup power supply to ensure that sufficient power can be continuously, safely and reliably provided to on-board equipment when the vehicle is running.

[0003] Traditional dual-power switching circuits often utilize two circuits: one for primary power and one for backup power. This complex circuitry requires human intervention to select and switch between power sources. In emergencies, such as a loss of the vehicle's main power source, automatic switching to the backup power source is impossible, potentially leading to loss of critical data and inability to transmit emergency signals. Furthermore, output power is prone to loss during the power switching process, potentially preventing the system from maintaining operating voltage and causing shutdown, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a dual power switching circuit and a dual power switching method, which can solve the technical problem that the existing dual power switching cannot automatically switch to the backup power supply in time when encountering an emergency or the main power supply of the vehicle is cut off, and the output is prone to power outage during the power switching, which makes the subsequent system unable to maintain the working voltage and shut down, resulting in certain safety hazards in vehicle driving.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a dual power switching circuit, the dual power switching circuit comprising: a hardware switching circuit, a software switching circuit, a backup power circuit, a secondary power circuit, and a competition control circuit, the competition control circuit comprising a first competition control module, a second competition control module, and an inverting module, the backup power circuit comprising a backup power path and a first power-off prevention module, and the secondary power circuit comprising a secondary power path and a second power-off prevention module;

[0006] The output end of the hardware switching circuit is connected to the input end of the first competition control module, and is used to input a hardware control signal to the first competition control module;

[0007] The output end of the software switching circuit is connected to the input end of the second competition control module, and is used to input a software control signal to the second competition control module;

[0008] The output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module are simultaneously connected to the input end of the backup power supply circuit and the input end of the inverting module, the output end of the inverting module is connected to the input end of the secondary power supply circuit, the output end of the backup power supply circuit and the output end of the secondary power supply circuit are connected to the voltage output end of the dual power supply switching circuit, the first competition control module and the second competition control module are formed or controlled by the inverting module, and are used to enable the competition control circuit to control the conduction switching of the backup power supply circuit and the secondary power supply circuit according to one of the hardware control signal and the software control signal;

[0009] The first anti-power-off module is connected in parallel with the backup power supply power path, and is used to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end during the conduction switching process of the backup power supply power path. The second anti-power-off module is connected in parallel with the secondary power supply power path, and is used to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end during the conduction switching process of the secondary power supply power path.

[0010] Optionally, the hardware switching circuit includes an NPN transistor Q01, a voltage dividing resistor R01, a voltage dividing resistor R02 and a pull-up resistor R03;

[0011] A first end of the voltage dividing resistor R01 is connected to the main power supply, a second end of the voltage dividing resistor R01 is connected to a first end of the voltage dividing resistor R02, and a second end of the voltage dividing resistor R02 is grounded. The voltage dividing resistor R01 and the voltage dividing resistor R02 form a voltage dividing circuit for converting the main power supply voltage into a control voltage;

[0012] The base of the NPN transistor Q01 is connected to the second end of the voltage-dividing resistor R01 and the first end of the voltage-dividing resistor R02. The collector of the NPN transistor Q01 serves as the output end of the hardware switching circuit and is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R03 and the input end of the first competition control module. The emitter of the NPN transistor Q01 is grounded.

[0013] The second end of the pull-up resistor R03 is connected to the backup power supply;

[0014] In which, the hardware switching circuit is used to input a hardware control signal with a voltage of 0 to the first competition control module from the collector of the NPN transistor Q01 when the main power supply voltage is greater than a preset threshold, or to input a hardware control signal with a voltage of a backup power supply voltage to the first competition control module from the collector of the NPN transistor Q01 when the main power supply voltage is less than a preset threshold.

[0015] Optionally, the software switching circuit includes a level conversion module and a pull-down resistor R05;

[0016] The input end of the level conversion module is connected to the IO port of the controller and the first end of the pull-down resistor R05. The output end of the level conversion module serves as the output end of the software switching circuit and is connected to the input end of the second competition control module. The second end of the pull-down resistor R05 is grounded.

[0017] The software switching circuit is configured to input a software control signal with a voltage of 0 from the output end of the level conversion module to the second competition control module when the IO port is in an open-drain state or the IO port outputs a low-level signal, or to input a software control signal with a voltage of a backup power supply voltage from the output end of the level conversion module to the second competition control module when the IO port outputs a high-level signal.

[0018] Optionally, the level conversion module includes: an N-type field effect transistor M01, an N-type field effect transistor M02, a pull-up resistor R06 and a pull-up resistor R07;

[0019] The gate of the N-type field effect transistor M01 serves as the input end of the level conversion module, is connected to the IO port of the controller and the first end of the pull-down resistor R05, the source of the N-type field effect transistor M01 is grounded, and the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M01 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06;

[0020] The gate of the N-type field effect transistor M02 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06, the source of the N-type field effect transistor M02 is grounded, and the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M02 serves as the output end of the level conversion module and is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R07 and the input end of the second competition control module;

[0021] The second end of the pull-up resistor R06 and the second end of the pull-up resistor R07 are respectively connected to the backup power supply.

[0022] Optionally, the level conversion module includes: an NPN transistor Q02, an NPN transistor Q03, a pull-up resistor R06 and a pull-up resistor R07;

[0023] The base of the NPN transistor Q03 serves as the input end of the level conversion module, is connected to the IO port of the controller and the first end of the pull-down resistor R05, the emitter of the NPN transistor Q03 is grounded, and the collector of the NPN transistor Q03 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06;

[0024] The base of the NPN transistor Q02 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06, the emitter of the NPN transistor Q02 is grounded, and the collector of the NPN transistor Q02 serves as the output end of the level conversion module and is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R07 and the input end of the second competition control module;

[0025] The second end of the pull-up resistor R06 and the second end of the pull-up resistor R07 are respectively connected to the backup power supply.

[0026] Optionally, the backup power supply power path includes a P-type field effect transistor M11, an N-type field effect transistor M13 and a pull-up resistor R11, and the first power-off prevention module includes a power diode D11;

[0027] The drain of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the backup power supply, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M13 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R11, and the source of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the voltage output end;

[0028] The input end of the power diode D11 is connected to the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M11, and the output end of the power diode D11 is connected to the source of the P-type field effect transistor M11;

[0029] The source of the N-type field effect transistor M13 is grounded, and the gate of the N-type field effect transistor M13 serves as the input end of the backup power supply circuit, is connected to the output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module, and is used to receive the hardware control signal and the software control signal;

[0030] In which, the backup power supply circuit is used to control the conduction of the backup power supply power path in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal being the backup power supply voltage, and before the backup power supply power path is conducted, use the first anti-power-off module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end.

[0031] Optionally, the backup power supply power path includes a P-type field effect transistor M11, an NPN-type transistor Q11 and a pull-up resistor R11, and the first power-off prevention module includes a power diode D11;

[0032] The drain of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the backup power supply, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor Q11 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R11, and the source of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the voltage output end;

[0033] The input end of the power diode D11 is connected to the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M11, and the output end of the power diode D11 is connected to the source of the P-type field effect transistor M11;

[0034] The emitter of the NPN transistor Q11 is grounded, and the base of the NPN transistor Q11 serves as the input end of the backup power supply circuit, is connected to the output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module, and is used to receive the hardware control signal and the software control signal;

[0035] In which, the backup power supply circuit is used to control the conduction of the backup power supply power path in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal being the backup power supply voltage, and before the backup power supply power path is conducted, use the first anti-power-off module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end.

[0036] Optionally, the secondary power path includes a P-type field effect transistor M21, an N-type field effect transistor M23 and a pull-up resistor R21, and the second power-off prevention module includes a power diode D21;

[0037] The drain of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the secondary power supply, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M23 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R21, and the source of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R21 and the voltage output end;

[0038] The input end of the power diode D21 is connected to the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M21, and the output end of the power diode D21 is connected to the source of the P-type field effect transistor M21;

[0039] The source of the N-type field effect transistor M23 is grounded, and the gate of the N-type field effect transistor M23 serves as the input end of the secondary power supply circuit and is connected to the output end of the inverting module;

[0040] In which, the secondary power supply circuit is used to control the secondary power supply power path to be turned on in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal being 0 and the voltage of the software control signal being 0, and before the secondary power supply power path is turned on, use the second anti-power-off module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end.

[0041] Optionally, the secondary power path includes a P-type field effect transistor M21, an NPN transistor Q21 and a pull-up resistor R21, and the second power-off prevention module includes a power diode D21;

[0042] The drain of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the secondary power supply, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor Q21 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R21, and the source of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R21 and the voltage output end;

[0043] The input end of the power diode D21 is connected to the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M21, and the output end of the power diode D21 is connected to the source of the P-type field effect transistor M21;

[0044] The emitter of the NPN transistor Q21 is grounded, and the base of the NPN transistor Q21 serves as the input end of the secondary power supply circuit and is connected to the output end of the inverting module;

[0045] In which, the secondary power supply circuit is used to control the secondary power supply power path to be turned on in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal being 0 and the voltage of the software control signal being 0, and before the secondary power supply power path is turned on, use the second anti-power-off module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end.

[0046] Optionally, the first competition control module is a diode D01.

[0047] Optionally, the second competition control module is a diode D02.

[0048] Optionally, the inverting module includes: a pull-up resistor R22 and an N-type field effect transistor M24;

[0049] The gate of the N-type field effect transistor M24 serves as the input end of the inverting module and is connected to the output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module. The source of the N-type field effect transistor M24 is grounded. The drain of the N-type field effect transistor M24 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R22 and the input end of the secondary power supply circuit. The second end of the pull-up resistor R22 is connected to the backup power supply.

[0050] In which, the inverting module is used to input 0 voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power supply voltage; or is used to input the backup power supply voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is 0 voltage.

[0051] Optionally, the inverting module includes: a pull-up resistor R22 and an NPN transistor Q22;

[0052] The base of the NPN transistor Q22 serves as the input end of the inverting module and is connected to the output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module. The emitter of the NPN transistor Q22 is grounded. The collector of the NPN transistor Q22 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R22 and the input end of the secondary power supply circuit. The second end of the pull-up resistor R22 is connected to the backup power supply.

[0053] In which, the inverting module is used to input 0 voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power supply voltage; or is used to input the backup power supply voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is 0 voltage.

[0054] Optionally, the competition control circuit further includes: a pull-down resistor R04, wherein the pull-down resistor R04 is used to ground the output end of the first competition control module when the voltage of the hardware control signal is 0, and is used to ground the output end of the second competition control module when the voltage of the software control signal is 0.

[0055] In a second aspect of the present application, an embodiment provides a dual power switching method, which is applied to the above-mentioned dual power switching circuit, including:

[0056] Using the contention control circuit to receive a hardware control signal sent by the hardware switching circuit, and / or to receive a software control signal sent by the software switching circuit;

[0057] Using the competition control circuit to send the hardware control signal and / or the software control signal to the backup power supply circuit, so that the voltage of the backup power supply circuit in response to the hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power supply voltage, the backup power supply power path is controlled to be turned on, and before the backup power supply power path is turned on, the first power-off prevention module is used to provide an output voltage to the voltage output terminal;

[0058] The competition control circuit is used to invert the hardware control signal and the software control signal, and the inverted hardware control signal and the inverted software control signal are sent to the secondary power supply circuit, so that the secondary power supply circuit responds to the voltage of the inverted hardware control signal being the backup power supply voltage and / or the voltage of the inverted software control signal being the backup power supply voltage, controls the secondary power supply power path to be turned on, and before the secondary power supply power path is turned on, uses the second power-off prevention module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output terminal.

[0059] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned dual power switching circuit.

[0060] The present invention provides a dual power switching circuit and a dual power switching method. By providing a dual power switching circuit, the dual power switching circuit includes a hardware switching circuit, a software switching circuit, a backup power circuit, a secondary power circuit, and a competition control circuit. The hardware switching circuit can be used to implement hardware-passive switching of the dual power supplies, and the software switching circuit can be used to implement software-controlled switching of the dual power supplies. Furthermore, based on the control of the competition control circuit, it is possible to ensure that the hardware switching and software switching do not conflict. Furthermore, through the first anti-power-off module in the backup power circuit and the second anti-power-off module in the secondary power circuit, the voltage output terminal can maintain a stable output voltage during the switching process of the backup power path and the secondary power path, respectively. This can prevent the voltage output terminal from losing power during the dual power switching process, thereby preventing the system from being unable to maintain voltage and shutting down later. The technical solution of the present invention can enrich the performance of dual power switching, making dual power switching automated and applicable to a variety of scenarios. In the event of an emergency or a power outage in the vehicle's main power supply, the hardware switching circuit or the software switching circuit can be used to promptly switch to the backup power supply, allowing the backup battery to record critical data or send emergency signals, fully ensuring the driving safety of the electric vehicle.

[0061] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are specifically listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0063] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a dual power switching circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0064] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another dual power switching circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0065] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process flow of a dual power supply switching method provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0066] In the picture:

[0067] 1-Hardware switching circuit;

[0068] 2-software switching circuit, 21-level conversion module;

[0069] 3- Backup power circuit;

[0070] 4- Secondary power supply circuit;

[0071] 5-competition control circuit, 51-first competition control module, 52-second competition control module, 53-inverting module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0073] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0074] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0075] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0076] The following combination Figures 1 to 2 A dual power switching circuit according to some embodiments of the present invention is described.

[0077] An embodiment of the present invention provides a dual power switching circuit, such as Figure 1 or Figure 2As shown, the dual power switching circuit includes: a hardware switching circuit 1, a software switching circuit 2, a backup power circuit 3, a secondary power circuit 4 and a competition control circuit 5 (not shown in the figure), the competition control circuit includes a first competition control module 51, a second competition control module 52 and an inverting module 53, the backup power circuit includes a backup power power path and a first anti-power-off module (D11), and the secondary power circuit includes a secondary power power path and a second anti-power-off module (D21); the output end of the hardware switching circuit 1 is connected to the input end of the first competition control module 51, for inputting a hardware control signal to the first competition control module 51; the output end of the software switching circuit 2 is connected to the input end of the second competition control module 52 The first competition control module 51 and the second competition control module 52 are connected to the input of the backup power supply circuit 3 and the input of the inverting module 53. The output of the inverting module 53 is connected to the input of the secondary power supply circuit 4. The output of the backup power supply circuit 3 and the output of the secondary power supply circuit 4 are connected to the voltage output of the dual power switching circuit. The first competition control module 51 and the second competition control module 52 are formed or controlled by the inverting module, and are used to enable the competition control circuit 5 to control the conduction switching of the backup power supply circuit 3 and the secondary power supply circuit 4 according to one of the hardware control signal and the software control signal. The first power-off prevention module is connected in parallel with the backup power supply power path and is used to provide an output voltage to the voltage output terminal during the conduction switching of the backup power supply power path. The second power-off prevention module is connected in parallel with the secondary power supply power path and is used to provide an output voltage to the voltage output terminal during the conduction switching of the secondary power supply power path.

[0078] The "or control" refers to controlling the backup power circuit 3 or the secondary power circuit 4 to be turned on according to the hardware control signal or the software control signal. For example, as a possible implementation, when the voltage of the input hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power voltage, the first competition control module 51 or the second competition control module 52 inputs the backup power voltage into the backup power circuit 3, and the backup power path is turned on; the first competition control module 51 or the second competition control module 52 simultaneously inputs the backup power voltage into the inversion module 53, and the inversion module 53 inverts the backup power voltage into a low level "0" and inputs the low level "0" into the secondary power circuit 4, and the secondary power path is disconnected. As a possible implementation, when the voltage of the input hardware control signal is 0 and the voltage of the software control signal is 0, the first competition control module 51 or the second competition control module 52 will input a low level "0" into the backup power circuit 3, disconnecting the backup power path. Simultaneously, the first competition control module 51 or the second competition control module 52 will input the low level "0" into the inversion module 53. The inversion module 53 inverts the low level "0" into a backup power voltage and inputs the backup power voltage into the secondary power circuit 4, turning the secondary power path on. That is, when the backup power path is on, the secondary power path is disconnected; when the backup power path is disconnected, the secondary power path is on, thereby enabling switching between the backup power circuit and the secondary power circuit.

[0079] Specifically, the first competition control module 51 can be used to receive the hardware control signal sent by the hardware switching circuit, and the second competition control module 52 can be used to receive the software control signal sent by the software switching circuit. The first competition control module 51 sends the hardware control signal to the backup power circuit 3, and sends the inverted hardware control signal to the secondary power circuit 4. The second competition control module 52 sends the software control signal to the backup power circuit 3, and sends the inverted software control signal to the secondary power circuit 4. The backup power circuit 3 can control the backup power path to be turned on in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal being the backup power voltage, that is, switching from the secondary power circuit being turned on to the backup power circuit being turned on. During the process of switching from the secondary power circuit being turned on to the backup power circuit being turned on, the first power-off prevention module can provide an output voltage to the voltage output terminal. The secondary power circuit 4 can control the secondary power path to be turned on in response to the voltage of the inverted hardware control signal being the backup power voltage and / or the voltage of the inverted software control signal being the backup power voltage, that is, switching from the backup power circuit being turned on to the secondary power circuit being turned on. In the process of switching the standby power supply circuit to the secondary power supply circuit, the second power-off prevention module may provide an output voltage for the voltage output terminal.

[0080] Among them, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 In the figure, Vmain represents the main power supply voltage, which comes from the main battery. The typical voltage of the main power supply is 14V, and the voltage range is 6-18V; Vbkp represents the backup power supply voltage, which comes from the backup battery. The typical voltage of the backup power supply is 5V, and the voltage range is 3.5-5.5V; Vsnd represents the secondary power supply voltage, which is converted from the main power supply through a step-down chip. The typical voltage of the secondary power supply is 6V; Vdrive represents the voltage value in the hardware control signal or software control signal; Vo represents the output voltage, and the voltage output requirement is 5V; CS represents the level signal, which comes from the controller and is input by software control.

[0081] In a specific application scenario, as a preferred implementation, Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the hardware switching circuit 1 includes an NPN transistor Q01, a voltage dividing resistor R01, a voltage dividing resistor R02 and a pull-up resistor R03; the first end of the voltage dividing resistor R01 is connected to the main power supply, the second end of the voltage dividing resistor R01 is connected to the first end of the voltage dividing resistor R02, the second end of the voltage dividing resistor R02 is grounded, and the voltage dividing resistor R01 and the voltage dividing resistor R02 form a voltage dividing circuit for converting the main power supply voltage into a control voltage Vmain2; the base of the NPN transistor Q01 is connected to the second end of the voltage dividing resistor R01 and the first end of the voltage dividing resistor R02, and the collector of the NPN transistor Q01 is connected to the first end of the voltage dividing resistor R02. As the output end of the hardware switching circuit 1, it is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R03 and the input end of the first competition control module 51, and the emitter collector of the NPN transistor Q01 is grounded; the second end of the pull-up resistor R03 is connected to the backup power supply; the hardware switching circuit 1 is used to input a hardware control signal with a voltage of 0 to the first competition control module 51 from the collector of the NPN transistor Q01 when the main power supply voltage is greater than a preset threshold, or, when the main power supply voltage is less than the preset threshold, input a hardware control signal with a voltage of the backup power supply voltage to the first competition control module 51 from the collector of the NPN transistor Q01.

[0082] Specifically, Q01 is turned on or off under the control of Vmain2. When the control voltage Vmain2 is greater than the base-emitter saturation voltage Vbesat(q01) of the NPN transistor Q01, Q01 is turned on and the collector voltage Vc(q01) of Q01 is 0. When the control voltage Vmain2 is less than the base-emitter saturation voltage Vbesat(q01) of the NPN transistor Q01, Q01 is turned off and the collector voltage Vc(q01) of Q01 is , that is, the output software control signal is 0. Further, the above-mentioned preset threshold value can be calculated as:

[0083]

[0084] That is, when Vmain is greater than Vmain(th), Vc(q01) is 0, the secondary power supply Vsnd turns on the output voltage Vo, and the backup power supply Vbkp turns off the output voltage Vo; when Vmain is less than Vmain(th), Vc(q01) is the backup power supply voltage, the secondary power supply Vsnd turns off the output voltage Vo, and the backup power supply Vbkp turns on the output voltage Vo.

[0085] In specific application scenarios, such as Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, the software switching circuit 2 includes a level conversion module 21 and a pull-down resistor R05. The input end of the level conversion module 21 is connected to the controller's IO port (CS terminal) and the first end of the pull-down resistor R05. The output end of the level conversion module 21, serving as the output end of the software switching circuit 2, is connected to the input end of the second competition control module 52. The second end of the pull-down resistor R05 is grounded. The software switching circuit 2 is configured to input a software control signal with a voltage of 0 from the output end of the level conversion module 21 to the second competition control module 52 when the IO port is in an open-drain state or outputs a low-level signal, or to input a software control signal with a voltage of the backup power supply from the output end of the level conversion module 21 to the second competition control module 52 when the IO port outputs a high-level signal. The level conversion module 21 is configured to prevent coupling of Vbkp with CS.

[0086] Accordingly, as an optional implementation, Figure 1As shown, the level conversion module 21 includes: an N-type field effect transistor M01, an N-type field effect transistor M02, a pull-up resistor R06 and a pull-up resistor R07; the gate of the N-type field effect transistor M01 serves as the input end of the level conversion module 21, connected to the IO port of the controller and the first end of the pull-down resistor R05, the source of the N-type field effect transistor M01 is grounded, and the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M01 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06; the gate of the N-type field effect transistor M02 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06, the source of the N-type field effect transistor M02 is grounded, and the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M02 serves as the output end of the level conversion module 21, connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R07 and the input end of the second competition control module 52; the second end of the pull-up resistor R06 and the second end of the pull-up resistor R07 are respectively connected to the backup power supply. Specifically, when the IO port is in an open-drain state or the IO port outputs a low-level signal (CS is 0), the gate-source voltage Vgs(m01) of the N-type field-effect transistor M01 is 0, M01 is disconnected, the gate-source voltage Vgs(m02) of the N-type field-effect transistor M02 is the backup power supply voltage, M02 is turned on, and the drain voltage Vd(m02) of M02 is 0, that is, the output software control signal is 0. At this time, the secondary power supply Vsnd is connected to the output voltage Vo, and the backup power supply Vbkp is disconnected from Vo; when the IO port outputs a high-level signal (CS is 1), Vgs(m01) is high (depending on the controller IO voltage), M01 is turned on; Vgs(m02) is 0, M02 is disconnected, and the drain voltage Vd(m02) of M02 is the backup power supply voltage, that is, the output software control signal is the backup power supply voltage. At this time, the secondary power supply Vsnd is disconnected from the output voltage Vo, and the backup power supply Vbkp is connected to Vo.

[0087] Accordingly, as another optional implementation, Figure 2As shown, the level conversion module 21 may further include: an NPN transistor Q02, an NPN transistor Q03, a pull-up resistor R06, and a pull-up resistor R07; the base of the NPN transistor Q03 serves as an input end of the level conversion module 21, connected to the IO port of the controller and the first end of the pull-down resistor R05, the emitter of the NPN transistor Q03 is grounded, and the collector of the NPN transistor Q03 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06; the base of the NPN transistor Q02 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06, the emitter of the NPN transistor Q02 is grounded, and the collector of the NPN transistor Q02 serves as an output end of the level conversion module 21, connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R07 and the input end of the second competition control module 52; the second end of the pull-up resistor R06 and the second end of the pull-up resistor R07 are respectively connected to the backup power supply. Specifically, when the IO port is in an open-drain state or the IO port outputs a low-level signal (CS is 0), the base-emitter voltage Vbe(q03) of the NPN transistor Q03 is 0, Q03 is disconnected, the base-emitter voltage Vbe(q02) of the NPN transistor Q02 is the backup power supply voltage, Q02 is turned on, and the collector voltage Vc(q02) of Q02 is 0, that is, the output software control signal is 0. At this time, the secondary power supply Vsnd is connected to the output voltage Vo, and the backup power supply Vbkp is disconnected from Vo; when the IO port outputs a high-level signal (CS is 1), Vbe(q03) is high (depending on the controller IO voltage), Q03 is turned on; Vbe(q02) is 0, Q02 is disconnected, and the collector voltage Vc(q02) of Q02 is the backup power supply voltage, that is, the output software control signal is the backup power supply voltage. At this time, the secondary power supply Vsnd is disconnected from the output voltage Vo, and the backup power supply Vbkp is connected to Vo.

[0088] In a specific application scenario, as an optional implementation method, Figure 1As shown, the backup power supply power path includes a P-type field effect transistor M11, an N-type field effect transistor M13 and a pull-up resistor R11, and the first power-off prevention module may include a power diode D11; wherein, M11 is used to prevent Vo from reversely flowing to Vbkp; R11 is used to provide a pull-up source; and M13 is used to receive a control signal. Specifically, the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the backup power supply, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M13 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R11, and the source of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the voltage output end; the input end of the power diode D11 is connected to the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M11, and the output end of the power diode D11 is connected to the source of the P-type field effect transistor M11; the source of the N-type field effect transistor M13 is grounded, and the gate of the N-type field effect transistor M13 serves as the input end of the backup power supply circuit, is connected to the output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module, and is used to receive hardware control signals and software control signals; wherein, the backup power supply circuit is used to control the backup power supply power path to be turned on in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal being the backup power supply voltage, and before the backup power supply power path is turned on, use the first anti-power-off module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end. Specifically, when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is 0, the gate-source voltage Vgs(m13) of the N-type field effect transistor M13 is 0, M13 is disconnected, the drain voltage Vd(m13) of M13 is the backup power supply voltage, the gate-source voltage Vgs(m11) of the P-type field effect transistor M11 and the gate-source voltage Vgs(m12) of the P-type field effect transistor M12 are 0, M11 is disconnected, and D11 is turned on, that is, the backup power supply power path is turned off; when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power supply voltage, Vgs(m13) is greater than the gate-source threshold voltage Vgsth(m13) of the N-type field effect transistor M13, M13 is turned on, the voltage Vd(m13) is 0, Vgs(m11) is -Vbkp, M11 is turned on, that is, the backup power supply power path is turned on.

[0089] Accordingly, as another optional implementation, Figure 2As shown, the backup power supply power path may also include a P-type field effect transistor M11, an NPN-type transistor Q11 and a pull-up resistor R11, and the first power-off prevention module may include a power diode D11; wherein, M11 is used to prevent Vo from reversely flowing to Vbkp; R11 is used to provide a pull-up source; and the NPN-type transistor Q11 is used to receive a control signal. Specifically, the drain of the P-type field-effect transistor M11 is connected to the backup power supply, the gate of the P-type field-effect transistor M11 is connected to the collector of the NPN-type transistor Q11 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R11, and the source of the P-type field-effect transistor M11 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the voltage output end; the input end of the power diode D11 is connected to the drain of the P-type field-effect transistor M11, and the output end of the power diode D11 is connected to the source of the P-type field-effect transistor M11; the emitter of the NPN-type transistor Q11 is grounded, and the base of the NPN-type transistor Q11 serves as the input end of the backup power supply circuit, connected to the output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module, for receiving hardware control signals and software control signals; wherein, the backup power supply circuit is used to control the backup power supply power path to be turned on in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal being the backup power supply voltage, and before the backup power supply power path is turned on, use the first power-off prevention module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end. Specifically, when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is 0, the base-emitter voltage Vbe(q11) of the NPN transistor Q11 is 0, Q11 is disconnected, the gate-source voltage Vgs(m11) of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is 0, M11 is disconnected (M11 is still turned on through the body diode), that is, the backup power path is turned off; when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power voltage, the base-emitter voltage Vbe(q11) of the NPN transistor Q11 is greater than the base-emitter saturation voltage Vbesat(q11) of Q11, Q11 is turned on, Vgs(m11) is -Vbkp, M11 is turned on, that is, the backup power path is turned on.

[0090] In a specific application scenario, as an optional implementation method, Figure 1As shown, the secondary power supply path includes a P-type field effect transistor M21, an N-type field effect transistor M23 and a pull-up resistor R21, and the second power-off prevention module may include a power diode D21; wherein, M21 is used to prevent Vo from reversely flowing to Vsnd; R21 is used to provide a pull-up source; and M23 is used to receive a control signal. Specifically, the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the secondary power supply, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M23 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R21, and the source of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R21 and the voltage output end; the input end of the power diode D21 is connected to the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M21, and the output end of the power diode D21 is connected to the source of the P-type field effect transistor M21; the source of the N-type field effect transistor M23 is grounded, and the gate of the N-type field effect transistor M23 serves as the input end of the secondary power supply circuit and is connected to the output end of the inverting module; wherein the secondary power supply circuit is used to control the secondary power supply power path to be turned on in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal being 0 and the voltage of the software control signal being 0, and before the secondary power supply power path is turned on, use the second power-off protection module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end. Specifically, when the gate-source voltage Vgs(m12) of the N-type field effect transistor M23 is 0, M23 is disconnected, the drain voltage Vd(m23) of M23 is the backup power supply voltage, Vgs(m21) is 0, M21 is disconnected (M21 is still turned on through the body diode), that is, the secondary power supply power path is disconnected; when Vgs(m23) is greater than the gate-source threshold voltage Vgsth(m23) of the N-type field effect transistor M23, M23 is turned on, the Vd(m23) voltage is 0, Vgs(m21) is -Vsnd, M21 is turned on, that is, the secondary power supply power path is turned on.

[0091] In a specific application scenario, as another optional implementation method, Figure 2As shown, the secondary power supply path may include a P-type field effect transistor M21, an NPN-type transistor Q21 and a pull-up resistor R21, and the second power-off prevention module may include a power diode D21; wherein, M21 is used to prevent Vo from reversely flowing to Vsnd; R21 is used to provide a pull-up source; and Q21 is used to receive a control signal. Specifically, the drain of the P-type field-effect transistor M21 is connected to the secondary power supply, the gate of the P-type field-effect transistor M21 is connected to the collector of the NPN-type transistor Q21 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R21, and the source of the P-type field-effect transistor M21 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R21 and the voltage output end; the input end of the power diode D21 is connected to the drain of the P-type field-effect transistor M21, and the output end of the power diode D21 is connected to the source of the P-type field-effect transistor M21; the emitter of the NPN-type transistor Q21 is grounded, and the base of the NPN-type transistor Q21 serves as the input end of the secondary power supply circuit and is connected to the output end of the inverting module; wherein the secondary power supply circuit is used to control the secondary power supply power path to be turned on in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal being 0 and the voltage of the software control signal being 0, and before the secondary power supply power path is turned on, the second power-off protection module is used to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end. Specifically, when the base-emitter voltage Vbe(q21) of the NPN transistor Q21 is 0, Q21 is disconnected, Vgs(m21) is 0, and M21 is disconnected (M21 is still turned on through the body diode), that is, the secondary power path is disconnected; when Vbe(q21) is greater than the base-emitter saturation voltage Vbesat(q21) of Q21, Q21 is turned on, Vgs(m21) is -Vsnd, and M21 is turned on, that is, the secondary power path is turned on.

[0092] In a specific application scenario, as an optional implementation method, Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, the first competition control module 51 is a diode D01 , and the second competition control module 52 may be a diode D02 .

[0093] In a specific application scenario, as an optional implementation method, Figure 1 As shown, the inverting module 53 includes: a pull-up resistor R22 and an N-type field effect transistor M24; the gate of the N-type field effect transistor M24 serves as the input end of the inverting module 53, and is connected to the output end of the first competition control module 51 and the output end of the second competition control module 52, the source of the N-type field effect transistor M24 is grounded, the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M24 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R22 and the input end of the secondary power supply circuit 4, and the second end of the pull-up resistor R22 is connected to the backup power supply; wherein, the inverting module 53 is used to input 0 voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power supply voltage; or is used to input the backup power supply voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is 0 voltage.

[0094] In a specific application scenario, as another optional implementation method, Figure 2 As shown, the inverting module 53 includes: a pull-up resistor R22 and an NPN transistor Q22; the base of the NPN transistor Q22 serves as the input end of the inverting module 53, and is connected to the output end of the first competition control module 51 and the output end of the second competition control module 52, the emitter of the NPN transistor Q22 is grounded, the collector of the NPN transistor Q22 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R22 and the input end of the secondary power supply circuit 4, and the second end of the pull-up resistor R22 is connected to the backup power supply; wherein, the inverting module 53 is used to input 0 voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power supply voltage; or is used to input the backup power supply voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is 0 voltage.

[0095] When the voltage of the hardware control signal or software control signal is the backup power supply voltage, Vdrive is the backup power supply voltage; otherwise, Vdrive is 0. When Vdrive is the backup power supply voltage, M13 or Q11 in the backup power supply circuit 3 is turned on, M11 is turned on, and the backup power supply path is turned on. Simultaneously, M24 or Q22 in the inverter module 53 is turned on, M23 or Q21 in the secondary power supply circuit 4 is turned off, M21 is turned off, and the secondary power supply path is turned off. When Vdrive is 0, M13 or Q11 in the backup power supply circuit 3 is turned off, M11 is turned off, and the backup power supply path is turned off. Simultaneously, M24 or Q22 in the inverter module 53 is turned off, M23 or Q21 in the secondary power supply circuit 4 is turned on, M21 is turned on, and the secondary power supply path is turned on. The competitive control circuit can prevent Vbkp and Vsnd from being turned on simultaneously.

[0096] In a specific application scenario, as an optional implementation method, Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the competition control circuit 5 also includes: a pull-down resistor R04, which is used to ground the output end of the first competition control module 51 when the voltage of the hardware control signal is 0, and is used to ground the output end of the second competition control module 52 when the voltage of the software control signal is 0.

[0097] It should be noted that Figure 1 and Figure 2 As only examples of circuit implementations disclosed in this application, the software switching circuit, backup power circuit, secondary power circuit, and competition control circuit can all correspond to two circuit connection methods. The dual power switching circuit can also include other achievable circuit combination connection methods, which are not exhaustive and should all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Accordingly, Figure 2 and Figure 1 In comparison, the advantages are: fast response speed, which can reduce the gap between Vbkp and Vsnd switching and reduce the injection current. The reason is that the transistor does not have the capacitance effect of MOSFET, which can reduce the delay; the disadvantage is: the base-emitter of the transistor is equivalent to a diode, and the leakage current is relatively large.

[0098] Through the dual power switching circuit provided by this embodiment, the hardware switching circuit can be used to implement hardware passive switching of the dual power supply, and the software switching circuit can be used to implement software controlled switching of the dual power supply, and based on the control of the competitive control circuit, it can be ensured that the hardware switching and the software switching do not conflict. In addition, through the first anti-power-off module in the backup power supply circuit and the second anti-power-off module in the secondary power supply circuit, the voltage output end can be prevented from losing power during the dual power switching process, thereby preventing the system from being unable to maintain voltage and shutting down in the later stage. Through the technical solution of the present invention, the expression form of the dual power switching can be enriched, the dual power switching can be automatically executed, and can be applied to a variety of scenarios. In the event of an emergency or a power outage of the main power supply of the vehicle, the hardware switching circuit or the software switching circuit can be used to switch to the backup power supply in time, so that the backup battery can be used to record key data or send emergency signals, fully ensuring the driving safety of the electric vehicle.

[0099] The present invention provides a dual power switching method, see Figure 3 , which may include the following steps:

[0100] 101. Utilize a contention control circuit to receive a hardware control signal sent by a hardware switching circuit, and / or receive a software control signal sent by a software switching circuit.

[0101] In a specific application scenario, as an optional application scenario, when the hardware switching circuit loses power instantly, the hardware switching circuit can send a hardware control signal to the first competition control module in the competition control circuit. When the hardware switching circuit loses power slowly, the software switching circuit can send a software control signal to the second competition control module in the competition control circuit after identifying the power-off state of the hardware switching circuit.

[0102] 102. Utilize the competition control circuit to send the hardware control signal and / or the software control signal to the backup power supply circuit, so that the voltage of the backup power supply circuit in response to the hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power supply voltage, control the conduction of the backup power supply power path, and before the backup power supply power path is conducted, utilize the first anti-power-off module to provide the output voltage to the voltage output terminal.

[0103] In this embodiment, when both the hardware control signal and the software control signal are 0, the voltage input to the backup power supply circuit is 0, the backup power path is disconnected, and the first power-off prevention module can provide an output voltage to the voltage output terminal. When the hardware control signal and / or the software control signal are 1, the voltage input to the backup power supply circuit is the backup power voltage, and the backup power path is connected. The first power-off prevention module can prevent the voltage output terminal from losing power during the process of switching the backup power supply circuit to the secondary power supply circuit.

[0104] 103. A competition control circuit is used to invert the hardware control signal and the software control signal, and the inverted hardware control signal and the inverted software control signal are sent to the secondary power supply circuit, so that the secondary power supply circuit responds to the voltage of the inverted hardware control signal as the backup power supply voltage and / or the voltage of the inverted software control signal as the backup power supply voltage, controls the conduction of the secondary power supply power path, and uses the second anti-power-off module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output terminal before the secondary power supply power path is conducted.

[0105] In this embodiment, when both the hardware control signal and the software control signal are 0, the voltage input to the secondary power supply circuit becomes the backup power supply voltage after inversion processing by the inverting module, and the secondary power supply power path is turned on. When the voltage of the hardware control signal or the voltage of the software control signal is the backup power supply voltage, the voltage input to the secondary power supply circuit becomes 0 after inversion processing by the inverting module, and the secondary power supply power path is turned off. In this case, the second power-off prevention module can provide an output voltage to the voltage output terminal. The second power-off prevention module can prevent the voltage output terminal from losing power during the process of switching the secondary power supply circuit to the backup power supply circuit.

[0106] Through the dual power switching method of the present invention, the hardware passive switching of the dual power supply can be realized by using the hardware switching circuit, and the software control switching of the dual power supply can be realized by using the software switching circuit, and based on the control of the competition control circuit, it can be ensured that the hardware switching and the software switching do not conflict. In addition, through the first anti-power-off module in the backup power supply circuit and the second anti-power-off module in the secondary power supply circuit, the voltage output end can be prevented from losing power during the dual power switching process, thereby preventing the system from being unable to maintain the voltage and shutting down in the later stage. Through the technical solution of the present invention, the expression form of the dual power switching can be enriched, the dual power switching can be automatically executed, and can be applied to a variety of scenarios. In the event of an emergency or a power outage of the main power supply of the vehicle, the hardware switching circuit or the software switching circuit can be used to switch to the backup power supply in time, so that the backup battery can be used to record key data or send emergency signals, fully ensuring the driving safety of the electric vehicle.

[0107] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A dual power switching circuit, characterized in that: include: A hardware switching circuit, a software switching circuit, a backup power supply circuit, a secondary power supply circuit, and a competition control circuit. The competition control circuit includes a first competition control module, a second competition control module, and an inverting module. The backup power supply circuit includes a backup power supply path and a first power-off prevention module. The secondary power supply circuit includes a secondary power supply path and a second power-off prevention module. The first competition control module is a diode D01, and the second competition control module is a diode D02. The output end of the hardware switching circuit is connected to the input end of the first competition control module, and is used to input a hardware control signal to the first competition control module; The output end of the software switching circuit is connected to the input end of the second competition control module, and is used to input a software control signal to the second competition control module; The output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module are simultaneously connected to the input end of the backup power supply circuit and the input end of the inverting module, the output end of the inverting module is connected to the input end of the secondary power supply circuit, the output end of the backup power supply circuit and the output end of the secondary power supply circuit are connected to the voltage output end of the dual power supply switching circuit, the first competition control module and the second competition control module are formed or controlled by the inverting module, and are used to enable the competition control circuit to control the conduction switching of the backup power supply circuit and the secondary power supply circuit according to one of the hardware control signal and the software control signal; The first anti-power-off module is connected in parallel with the backup power supply power path, and is used to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end during the conduction switching process of the backup power supply power path. The second anti-power-off module is connected in parallel with the secondary power supply power path, and is used to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end during the conduction switching process of the secondary power supply power path.

2. The dual power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The hardware switching circuit includes an NPN transistor Q01, a voltage dividing resistor R01, a voltage dividing resistor R02 and a pull-up resistor R03; A first end of the voltage dividing resistor R01 is connected to the main power supply, a second end of the voltage dividing resistor R01 is connected to a first end of the voltage dividing resistor R02, and a second end of the voltage dividing resistor R02 is grounded. The voltage dividing resistor R01 and the voltage dividing resistor R02 form a voltage dividing circuit for converting the main power supply voltage into a control voltage; The base of the NPN transistor Q01 is connected to the second end of the voltage-dividing resistor R01 and the first end of the voltage-dividing resistor R02. The collector of the NPN transistor Q01 serves as the output end of the hardware switching circuit and is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R03 and the input end of the first competition control module. The emitter of the NPN transistor Q01 is grounded. The second end of the pull-up resistor R03 is connected to the backup power supply; In which, the hardware switching circuit is used to input a hardware control signal with a voltage of 0 to the first competition control module from the collector of the NPN transistor Q01 when the main power supply voltage is greater than a preset threshold, or to input a hardware control signal with a voltage of a backup power supply voltage to the first competition control module from the collector of the NPN transistor Q01 when the main power supply voltage is less than a preset threshold.

3. The dual power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The software switching circuit includes a level conversion module and a pull-down resistor R05; The input end of the level conversion module is connected to the IO port of the controller and the first end of the pull-down resistor R05. The output end of the level conversion module serves as the output end of the software switching circuit and is connected to the input end of the second competition control module. The second end of the pull-down resistor R05 is grounded. The software switching circuit is configured to input a software control signal with a voltage of 0 from the output end of the level conversion module to the second competition control module when the IO port is in an open-drain state or the IO port outputs a low-level signal, or to input a software control signal with a voltage of a backup power supply voltage from the output end of the level conversion module to the second competition control module when the IO port outputs a high-level signal.

4. The dual power switching circuit according to claim 3, wherein: The level conversion module includes: an N-type field effect transistor M01, an N-type field effect transistor M02, a pull-up resistor R06 and a pull-up resistor R07; The gate of the N-type field effect transistor M01 serves as the input end of the level conversion module, is connected to the IO port of the controller and the first end of the pull-down resistor R05, the source of the N-type field effect transistor M01 is grounded, and the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M01 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06; The gate of the N-type field effect transistor M02 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06, the source of the N-type field effect transistor M02 is grounded, and the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M02 serves as the output end of the level conversion module and is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R07 and the input end of the second competition control module; The second end of the pull-up resistor R06 and the second end of the pull-up resistor R07 are respectively connected to the backup power supply.

5. The dual power switching circuit according to claim 3, wherein: The level conversion module includes: an NPN transistor Q02, an NPN transistor Q03, a pull-up resistor R06 and a pull-up resistor R07; The base of the NPN transistor Q03 serves as the input end of the level conversion module, is connected to the IO port of the controller and the first end of the pull-down resistor R05, the emitter of the NPN transistor Q03 is grounded, and the collector of the NPN transistor Q03 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06; The base of the NPN transistor Q02 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R06, the emitter of the NPN transistor Q02 is grounded, and the collector of the NPN transistor Q02 serves as the output end of the level conversion module and is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R07 and the input end of the second competition control module; The second end of the pull-up resistor R06 and the second end of the pull-up resistor R07 are respectively connected to the backup power supply.

6. The dual power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The backup power supply power path includes a P-type field effect transistor M11, an N-type field effect transistor M13 and a pull-up resistor R11, and the first anti-power-off module includes a power diode D11; The drain of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the backup power supply, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M13 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R11, and the source of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the voltage output end; The input end of the power diode D11 is connected to the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M11, and the output end of the power diode D11 is connected to the source of the P-type field effect transistor M11; The source of the N-type field effect transistor M13 is grounded, and the gate of the N-type field effect transistor M13 serves as the input end of the backup power supply circuit, is connected to the output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module, and is used to receive the hardware control signal and the software control signal; In which, the backup power supply circuit is used to control the conduction of the backup power supply power path in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal being the backup power supply voltage, and before the backup power supply power path is conducted, use the first anti-power-off module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end.

7. The dual power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The backup power supply power path includes a P-type field effect transistor M11, an NPN-type transistor Q11 and a pull-up resistor R11, and the first anti-power-off module includes a power diode D11; The drain of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the backup power supply, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor Q11 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R11, and the source of the P-type field effect transistor M11 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R11 and the voltage output end; The input end of the power diode D11 is connected to the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M11, and the output end of the power diode D11 is connected to the source of the P-type field effect transistor M11; The emitter of the NPN transistor Q11 is grounded, and the base of the NPN transistor Q11 serves as the input end of the backup power supply circuit, is connected to the output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module, and is used to receive the hardware control signal and the software control signal; In which, the backup power supply circuit is used to control the conduction of the backup power supply power path in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal being the backup power supply voltage, and before the backup power supply power path is conducted, use the first anti-power-off module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end.

8. The dual power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The secondary power supply path includes a P-type field effect transistor M21, an N-type field effect transistor M23 and a pull-up resistor R21, and the second power-off prevention module includes a power diode D21; The drain of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the secondary power supply, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the drain of the N-type field effect transistor M23 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R21, and the source of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R21 and the voltage output end; The input end of the power diode D21 is connected to the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M21, and the output end of the power diode D21 is connected to the source of the P-type field effect transistor M21; The source of the N-type field effect transistor M23 is grounded, and the gate of the N-type field effect transistor M23 serves as the input end of the secondary power supply circuit and is connected to the output end of the inverting module; In which, the secondary power supply circuit is used to control the secondary power supply power path to be turned on in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal being 0 and the voltage of the software control signal being 0, and before the secondary power supply power path is turned on, use the second anti-power-off module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end.

9. The dual power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The secondary power supply path includes a P-type field effect transistor M21, an NPN transistor Q21 and a pull-up resistor R21, and the second power-off prevention module includes a power diode D21; The drain of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the secondary power supply, the gate of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor Q21 and the first end of the pull-up resistor R21, and the source of the P-type field effect transistor M21 is connected to the second end of the pull-up resistor R21 and the voltage output end; The input end of the power diode D21 is connected to the drain of the P-type field effect transistor M21, and the output end of the power diode D21 is connected to the source of the P-type field effect transistor M21; The emitter of the NPN transistor Q21 is grounded, and the base of the NPN transistor Q21 serves as the input end of the secondary power supply circuit and is connected to the output end of the inverting module; In which, the secondary power supply circuit is used to control the secondary power supply power path to be turned on in response to the voltage of the hardware control signal being 0 and the voltage of the software control signal being 0, and before the secondary power supply power path is turned on, use the second anti-power-off module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output end.

10. The dual power switching circuit according to any one of claims 1, 8 and 9, characterized in that: The inverting module includes: a pull-up resistor R22 and an N-type field effect transistor M24; The gate of the N-type field effect transistor M24 serves as the input end of the inverting module and is connected to the output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module. The source of the N-type field effect transistor M24 is grounded. The drain of the N-type field effect transistor M24 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R22 and the input end of the secondary power supply circuit. The second end of the pull-up resistor R22 is connected to the backup power supply. In which, the inverting module is used to input 0 voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power supply voltage; or is used to input the backup power supply voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is 0 voltage.

11. The dual power switching circuit according to any one of claims 1, 8 and 9, characterized in that: The inverting module includes: a pull-up resistor R22 and an NPN transistor Q22; The base of the NPN transistor Q22 serves as the input end of the inverting module and is connected to the output end of the first competition control module and the output end of the second competition control module. The emitter of the NPN transistor Q22 is grounded. The collector of the NPN transistor Q22 is connected to the first end of the pull-up resistor R22 and the input end of the secondary power supply circuit. The second end of the pull-up resistor R22 is connected to the backup power supply. In which, the inverting module is used to input 0 voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power supply voltage; or is used to input the backup power supply voltage to the secondary power supply circuit when the voltage of the hardware control signal or the software control signal is 0 voltage.

12. The dual power switching circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The competition control circuit also includes: a pull-down resistor R04, which is used to ground the output end of the first competition control module when the voltage of the hardware control signal is 0, and is used to ground the output end of the second competition control module when the voltage of the software control signal is 0.

13. A dual power switching method, characterized in that: The method is applied to the dual power switching circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and the method includes: Using the contention control circuit to receive a hardware control signal sent by the hardware switching circuit, and / or to receive a software control signal sent by the software switching circuit; Using the competition control circuit to send the hardware control signal and / or the software control signal to the backup power supply circuit, so that the voltage of the backup power supply circuit in response to the hardware control signal or the software control signal is the backup power supply voltage, the backup power supply power path is controlled to be turned on, and before the backup power supply power path is turned on, the first power-off prevention module is used to provide an output voltage to the voltage output terminal; The competition control circuit is used to invert the hardware control signal and the software control signal, and the inverted hardware control signal and the inverted software control signal are sent to the secondary power supply circuit, so that the secondary power supply circuit responds to the voltage of the inverted hardware control signal being the backup power supply voltage and / or the voltage of the inverted software control signal being the backup power supply voltage, controls the secondary power supply power path to be turned on, and before the secondary power supply power path is turned on, uses the second power-off prevention module to provide an output voltage to the voltage output terminal.

14. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes the dual power switching circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

Images