A wireless power transmission system and method based on a rectangular laser beam

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wireless energy transmission system and method based on a rectangular laser beam, including a first part of a laser emission system and a second part of a laser reception system. The present invention uses a GPS positioning and tracking system of the laser emission system and the laser reception system to complete the first positioning, and then completes the second precise positioning according to the opposed photoelectric sensors installed in the emission system and the reception system. The range space formed by the light beams emitted by the four sensors serves as a protection space. Most laser batteries are rectangular while laser beams are circular. In order to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency, the shape of the laser beam is shaped, changing from circular to rectangular and from Gaussian to uniform. After the shape of the laser matches the laser battery, the electric energy is stored in the storage battery and its power management system through an MPPT maximum power tracking circuit and a DC-DC conversion circuit. An automatic identification and detection module is set in the storage battery and its power management system to realize the system intelligence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of energy transmission, and particularly relates to a wireless energy transmission system and method based on a rectangular laser beam. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, diversified consumer electronic products and electric drive mobile platforms such as drones have occupied an increasingly important position in life. Problems such as traditional wired charging and short battery life have seriously affected people's product experience. There are high requirements for wireless energy transmission in various military and civilian fields. Therefore, wireless energy transmission technology has become a hot topic of current research and has received attention from scientific research staff in various countries. Technologies such as microwave, magnetic induction, and magnetic resonance have their own advantages and disadvantages in terms of transmission distance, efficiency, etc. The microwave transmitting and receiving devices are too large, not easy to install and not concealed, the transmission efficiency is very low, and when the microwave power density is too large, it will interfere with wireless communication and there are certain safety hazards. The advantage is that the transmission distance is far; for magnetic induction wireless charging, the square of the transmission distance is inversely proportional to the power, and the transmission distance is only centimeter-level, suitable for short-distance and ultra-short-distance cases; the magnetic resonance transceiver coil has a large size, and there are also certain safety hazards when the power density is too large, and it is used for short-distance cases.

[0003] Laser, as a carrier, has been favored for its excellent directivity, coherence, and high power density. It can transmit laser over a long distance to an electrical device equipped with a photoelectric conversion device to continuously provide energy guarantee for it. The volume and weight of the equipment required by the system are only 10% of that of similar equipment, and it does not interfere with other equipment, and the transmission efficiency is also high. It will become a hot topic of future wireless energy transmission. It is of great significance for the battery life and energy supply of micro air vehicles and drones. It can be used in national defense, new energy vehicles, drone battery life, and various electronic products. It is expected to completely solve the wireless battery life problem and has an important position in the field of wireless energy transmission. The adoption of laser medium- and long-distance charging technology makes it possible for air detectors and aircraft to have unlimited battery life, and it has great value in both military and civilian fields.

[0004] In the patent with the patent number CN 212289531U, the first and second photosensitive sensors are used for alignment, which is relatively complex. In this patent, a transmissive photoelectric sensor is used for alignment, which has high precision and can also perform ranging functions. The transmissive photoelectric sensor is well-developed, and different types of sensors such as reflective photoelectric sensors can also be selected according to different occasions. Traditional laser wireless charging mostly uses circular lasers to generate electricity. During the transmission process, the spot size of the laser will increase as the transmission distance increases. At a relatively long distance, the spot will become very large and the optical power density will decrease. The decrease in optical power density will seriously mismatch the optimal working range of the laser photovoltaic cell, which is very fatal in the field of laser wireless power transmission. The circular spot causes a certain degree of waste of laser energy to some extent. This patent uses a rectangular laser, which improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency on the basis of matching the shape of the laser battery, does not cause waste of laser energy, and adds functions of secondary alignment, ranging, and anti-misoperation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wireless power transmission system and method based on a rectangular laser beam.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A wireless power transmission system based on a rectangular laser beam includes an optical emission system and a laser reception system. The laser emission system includes a transmitting end GPS positioning and tracking system, a transmitting system control center, a 360-degree servo turntable system, an optical valve, a transmissive photoelectric sensor transmitting end, a continuous laser, and a laser beam shaper; the laser reception system includes a receiving end GPS positioning and tracking system, a receiving system control center, a laser battery and its heat dissipation device, an MPPT maximum power tracking circuit, a DC-DC conversion circuit, a storage battery and its power management system, and a transmissive photoelectric sensor receiving end.

[0008] A wireless power transmission method based on a rectangular laser beam. The first positioning is completed by the transmitting end GPS positioning and tracking system and the receiving end GPS positioning and tracking system, and then the second precise positioning is completed by the transmissive photoelectric sensor transmitting end and the transmissive photoelectric sensor receiving end; after the two positionings are completed, the two transmissive photoelectric sensors start ranging. When the distance is within the threshold range, the continuous laser emits laser, which is shaped by the laser beam shaper, and the shaped rectangular laser irradiates on the laser battery and its heat dissipation device for the conversion of light energy into electrical energy; the laser beam shaper is composed of a concave mirror, a convex lens, and two cylindrical mirrors.

[0009] Further, after the second alignment is completed, the light beams emitted by the four opposed photoelectric sensors form a protection space. After the alignment process is completed, when one or at least two receiving ends of the opposed photoelectric sensors cannot receive the signals from the transmitting ends of the opposed photoelectric sensors, the rectangular laser beam is blocked. At this time, the opposed photoelectric sensors immediately send an instruction to the control center of the emission system to request closing the optical valve of the laser emission system, realizing the protection function of the optical path and preventing accidental injury.

[0010] Further, the electric energy generated by the laser battery is rectified through the MPPT maximum power tracking circuit and the DC-DC conversion circuit, and then the electric energy is stored in the storage battery and its power management system for the load to use. The storage battery and its power management system are equipped with a power detection device to detect the remaining power of the storage battery in real time. When it is full, the storage battery and its management system send an instruction, which is transmitted to the control center of the emission system through the control center of the receiving system. Then, the laser emission power control circuit of the control center of the emission system makes a timely response and gradually reduces the emission power to zero.

[0011] Further, the storage battery and its power management system are provided with a corresponding automatic recognition mode module, and the specific working modes are as follows: ① Load-carrying: When there is no laser irradiation for charging, the storage battery itself supplies power to the load; ② Charging: When laser charging is carried out and the load does not work at this time, only charging is carried out; ③ Load-supplying: When laser charging and load-carrying work are carried out simultaneously, the priority of charging is lower than that of load-carrying at this time. The load is preferentially supplied with power, and the excess electric energy is stored in the storage battery after supplying power to the load. This function is automatically completed by the storage battery and its management system.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] 1. The two alignment systems ensure the positioning accuracy of the system. The opposed photoelectric sensors play a real-time detection function for the distance and also play a role in preventing accidental injury.

[0014] 2. The laser beam shaper changes the shape of the laser spot, improves the Gaussian property of the laser energy distribution, matches the shape of the laser battery, and improves the conversion efficiency of the system.

[0015] 3. The storage battery and its power management system are combined with the external circuit to realize the mode recognition and automatic switching functions, making the system more intelligent.

[0016] 4. The system can work in various situations at different distances by replacing the beam shaper and setting the distance threshold of the opposed photoelectric sensors, and the system has strong flexibility. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is the wireless power transmission system based on rectangular laser beams of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is the working flowchart of the wireless energy transmission system based on a rectangular laser beam according to the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The present invention provides a wireless energy transmission system and method based on a rectangular laser beam. The wireless energy transmission system based on a rectangular laser beam is composed of a laser emission system and a laser reception system. The laser emission system includes a 360-degree servo turntable system 3, a GPS positioning and tracking system 1 at the transmitting end, an opposed photoelectric sensor transmitter 5, an optical valve 4, a continuous laser 6, a laser beam shaper 7, and a control center 2 of the emission system; the laser reception system includes a GPS positioning and tracking system 8 at the receiving end, a control center 9 of the reception system, a laser battery and its heat dissipation device 10, an MPPT maximum power tracking circuit 11, a DC-DC switching circuit 12, a storage battery and its power management system 13, and an opposed photoelectric sensor receiver 14. The function of adjusting the laser emission angle is completed by the turntable system. The first positioning is completed by the GPS positioning and tracking systems of the emission system and the reception system. The completion of the second precise positioning is determined by whether the receivers and transmitters of the opposed photoelectric sensors match. Only when the opposed photoelectric sensor receivers 14 at the four corner positions of the laser battery in the laser reception system simultaneously receive the light beams from the opposed photoelectric sensor transmitters 5 of the laser emission system does it indicate that the second alignment is completed. If several photoelectric sensors do not receive signals, the voltage signals generated by the sensors that do not receive signals are different from those of the sensors that receive signals. These difference signals are transmitted to the control center 2 of the emission system through the control center 9 of the reception system. The control center 2 of the emission system processes and makes feedback on these signals, and self-adjusts in real time until all four opposed photoelectric sensor receivers 14 receive the light signals from the opposed photoelectric sensor transmitters 5. At this time, the second precise positioning is completed.

[0021] At the same time, the photoelectric sensor also plays a role in distance measurement. When the distance between the laser emission system and the laser receiving system measured by the photoelectric sensor is greater than or less than the threshold value initially set, the signal is fed back to the receiving system control center 2, and then the receiving system makes adjustments until the requirements are met. When the distance meets the set threshold, the continuous laser 6 of the laser emission system starts to emit lasers. The emitted lasers are transformed into rectangular laser beams after passing through the laser beam shaper 7, and the energy distribution changes from Gaussian to a more uniform flat-top distribution. This deformation process improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency to a certain extent. When the rectangular laser beam and the rectangular laser battery are perfectly matched, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the laser battery reaches the best state. The space composed of the beams of the four photoelectric sensors is used as the protection area of ​​the system. When an unknown object breaks into this area, the four beams emitted by the photoelectric sensors will be blocked. After the sensor fails to receive the signal, it immediately sends a request to close the optical valve 4 to the emission system control center 2. The valve is closed in time, which protects the unknown object and increases the safety of the system.

[0022] The electric energy generated by the laser cell first enters the MPPT maximum power tracking circuit 11 for maximum power tracking. According to the PV curve of the laser cell, the output voltage of the laser cell is closely related to the output power, so the output voltage value of the laser cell should always be kept at the voltage value of the maximum power point. The MPPT maximum power tracking circuit 11 has this function.

[0023] Laser cells are connected in series and parallel, and generally several parallel and several series are connected to optimize the output power and maximize the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Due to the arrangement, the voltage value of the output current may not be the ideal voltage value, so a DC-DC switching circuit 12 is introduced to perform voltage stabilization and rectification, which converts the current into an ideal shape.

[0024] The current from the DC-DC switching circuit 12 is stored in the battery and its management system 13. At the same time, an automatic identification mode module is set in the battery and its power management system 13, and the specific modes are as follows: ① Load: When there is no laser charging, the battery itself supplies power to the load; ② Charging: When laser charging is performed, and the load is not working at this time, only charging is performed; ③ Load supply: When laser charging and load work are performed at the same time, the priority of charging is lower than that of loading, and the load is powered first. After powering the load, the excess electric energy is stored in the battery, and this light energy is automatically completed by the detection circuit of the battery. When the battery is fully charged, the battery sends a signal to the receiving system control center 9, and the signal is transmitted to the transmitting system control center 2 via the receiving system control center 9, and then the transmitting system control center 2 gradually reduces the power to 0, and the charging process ends.

[0025] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wireless power transmission system based on a rectangular laser beam, characterized in that: it includes a laser emission system and a laser reception system. The laser emission system includes a transmitting end GPS positioning and tracking system (1), a transmission system control center (2), a 360-degree servo turntable system (3), an optical valve (4), a transmissive photoelectric sensor transmitting end (5), a continuous laser (6), and a laser beam shaper (7); the laser reception system includes a receiving end GPS positioning and tracking system (8), a reception system control center (9), a laser battery and its heat dissipation device (10), an MPPT maximum power tracking circuit (11), a DC-DC switching circuit (12), a storage battery and its power management system (13), and a transmissive photoelectric sensor receiving end (14); For the power transmission method of the wireless power transmission system based on a rectangular laser beam, the first positioning is completed by the transmitting end GPS positioning and tracking system (1) and the receiving end GPS positioning and tracking system (8), and then the second precise positioning is completed by the transmissive photoelectric sensor transmitting end (5) and the transmissive photoelectric sensor receiving end (14); after the two positionings are completed, the two transmissive photoelectric sensors start ranging. When the distance is within the threshold range, the continuous laser (6) emits laser light, which is shaped by the laser beam shaper (7), and the shaped rectangular laser light irradiates on the laser battery and its heat dissipation device (10) for the conversion of light energy into electrical energy; the laser beam shaper (7) is composed of a concave mirror, a convex lens, and two cylindrical mirrors; after the second alignment is completed, the light beams emitted by the four transmissive photoelectric sensors form a protection space. After the alignment process, when one or at least two transmissive photoelectric sensor receiving ends (14) cannot receive the signal from the transmissive photoelectric sensor transmitting end (5), the rectangular laser beam is blocked. At this time, the transmissive photoelectric sensor immediately sends an instruction to the transmission system control center (2) to request closing the optical valve (4) of the laser emission system, realizing the protection function of the optical path and preventing accidental injury.

2. A wireless power transmission system based on a rectangular laser beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrical energy generated by the laser battery is rectified through tracking by the MPPT maximum power tracking circuit (11) and the DC-DC switching circuit (12), and then the electrical energy is stored in the storage battery and its power management system (13) for use by the load; the storage battery and its power management system (13) are equipped with power detection devices to detect the remaining power of the storage battery in real time. When it is full, the storage battery and its management system (13) send an instruction, which is transmitted to the transmission system control center (2) via the reception system control center 9, and then the laser emission power control circuit of the transmission system control center (2) makes a timely response and gradually reduces the emission power until it reaches zero.

3. A wireless power transmission system based on a rectangular laser beam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The corresponding automatic recognition mode module is set for the storage battery and its power management system (13), and the specific working modes are as follows: ① Load carrying: When there is no laser irradiation for charging, the storage battery itself supplies power to the load; ② Charging: When laser charging is carried out and the load does not work at this time, only charging is performed; ③ Load supply: When laser charging and load carrying work are carried out simultaneously, the priority of charging is lower than that of load carrying at this time, and power is preferentially supplied to the load. The excess electric energy is stored in the storage battery after supplying power to the load. This function is automatically completed by the storage battery and its management system (13).

Images