A waste incineration fly ash micro-power washing integrated device

Abstract

The present application relates to fly ash treatment technical field, especially relates to a kind of garbage incineration fly ash micro power washing integrated device, including pre-washing clarification zone, primary cyclone precipitation zone, primary rinsing area, secondary cyclone precipitation zone, secondary rinsing area;The pre-washing clarification zone is connected with primary cyclone precipitation zone;Overflow baffle, sludge-water separation baffle, different wave folded plate, water inlet distribution system and sludge-water turbulent reaction zone are provided in the primary rinsing area;The primary rinsing area is connected with secondary hydrocyclone by secondary gravity flow pipe;Material distribution system is provided in the secondary rinsing area, and the material distribution system is connected with the slurry underflow port of secondary hydrocyclone.The present application realizes the mutual mixing rinsing process of slurry and water by water inlet distribution system and material distribution system, without power stirring equipment;Land area is small, solves the land area of ordinary multistage washing process washing tank, solid-liquid separation equipment, energy consumption, high failure rate problem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fly ash treatment technology, and in particular to an integrated micro-powered water washing device for waste incineration fly ash. Background Technology

[0002] Waste incineration technology, with its volume reduction advantages, is gradually becoming the mainstream trend in my country's municipal solid waste treatment. However, the large amount of fly ash generated during waste incineration is classified as hazardous waste by countries around the world due to its high concentration of chloride salts, trace heavy metals, and trace amounts of persistent organic pollutants (dioxins). Therefore, waste incineration fly ash must undergo strict treatment before landfilling and resource recovery.

[0003] Fly ash is rich in high concentrations of soluble chloride salts, posing challenges to its resource utilization (co-processing in cement kilns). Therefore, dechlorination is an essential step in fly ash disposal. Currently, fly ash dechlorination technology is relatively simple. Chlorine entering the fly ash is mainly transferred to the liquid phase using aqueous solutions as leaching agents through washing techniques. This reduces the salt content (such as chlorides), improves the grade of the pretreated fly ash products, lowers the environmental and biological hazards of fly ash, and enhances the utilization value of the products.

[0004] Water washing, as an effective pretreatment method, can significantly improve the treatment effects of cement solidification, cement kiln co-processing, sintering / melting, and carbonation methods, and also provides a foundation for the large-scale resource utilization of subsequent products (such as cement and lightweight aggregates). Existing water washing processes employ multi-stage washing systems, which are relatively complex and require a large area. Each stage of washing requires electrically driven devices such as washing tanks, dewatering equipment, and feed pumps. The dewatered cement cake obtained after each stage has a moisture content of approximately 35%, requiring agitation by a stirring motor before it can be fully washed in the next stage washing tank; this process demands significant electrical power. Therefore, the fly ash water washing process for thorough dechlorination is complex and energy-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention solves the problems of large footprint and high energy consumption in related technologies for water washing devices. It proposes a micro-power water washing integrated device for waste incineration fly ash, which realizes the mixing and rinsing process of mud and water through a water inlet and distribution system and a material distribution system, without the need for power stirring equipment. It has a small footprint and does not require supporting mud pumps, belt conveyors and other power transmission equipment. It solves the problems of large footprint, high energy consumption and high failure rate of ordinary multi-stage water washing process water washing tanks and solid-liquid separation equipment.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a micro-powered water washing integrated device for waste incineration fly ash, comprising a pre-washing and clarification zone, a primary cyclone sedimentation zone, a primary rinsing zone, a secondary cyclone sedimentation zone, and a secondary rinsing zone; the lower parts of the pre-washing and clarification zone, the primary rinsing zone, and the secondary rinsing zone all form a conical structure; the upper part of the pre-washing and clarification zone is provided with a supernatant outlet pipe and a slurry inlet pipe; the primary cyclone sedimentation zone is provided with several primary hydrocyclones; the pre-washing and clarification zone is connected to the primary hydrocyclones; the upper part of the primary rinsing zone is provided with an overflow pipe. The primary rinsing zone is equipped with an overflow baffle, a mud-water separation baffle, a corrugated baffle, a water inlet distribution system, and a mud-water turbulent reaction zone. The discharge port of the pre-washing clarification zone is located above the mud-water turbulent reaction zone and below the water inlet distribution system. The mud underflow port of the primary hydrocyclone is connected to the upper section of the mud-water turbulent reaction zone and is located below the water inlet distribution system. The secondary cyclone sedimentation zone includes several secondary hydrocyclones, and the primary rinsing zone is connected to the secondary hydrocyclones. A material distribution system is provided in the secondary rinsing zone, and the material distribution system is connected to the mud underflow port of the secondary hydrocyclones.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the pre-washing clarification zone is connected to the inlet I of the first-stage hydrocyclone via a first-stage gravity flow pipe. A first-stage feed control valve is installed on the first-stage gravity flow pipe, and a gravity discharge valve is installed at the outlet of the pre-washing clarification zone. The gravity discharge valve is located above the mud-water turbulent reaction zone and below the water inlet distribution system.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the first-stage hydrocyclone is provided with an overflow port I; the second-stage hydrocyclone is provided with an overflow port II.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the sinking zone of the primary rinsing zone is connected to the feed inlet II of the secondary hydrocyclone via a secondary gravity flow pipe; a secondary feed control valve is installed on the secondary gravity flow pipe.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the corrugated plate has a structure in which the crests and troughs are opposite each other.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the water inlet and distribution system consists of six horizontally distributed water inlet pipes embedded in the primary rinsing area. The water inlet pipes are arranged in an alternating pattern of three long pipes and three short pipes. Several branch pipes are vertically arranged on the main water inlet pipes, and each branch pipe has a round hole on three sides.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the upper part of the secondary rinsing zone is provided with an overflow water outlet pipe, and the bottom part is provided with a mud self-unloading pipe. The material distribution system is a group structure of inverted cones evenly distributed on a rectangular plane.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] (1) The mixing and rinsing process of mud and water is realized through the water inlet and distribution system and the material distribution system, without the need for power mixing equipment;

[0015] (2) This device occupies a small area and does not require supporting power transmission equipment such as mud pumps and belt conveyors, which solves the problems of large footprint, high energy consumption and high failure rate of ordinary multi-stage water washing tanks and solid-liquid separation equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water inlet and distribution system of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water inlet pipe in the water inlet and distribution system of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fabric system of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture:

[0021] 1. Pre-washing and clarification zone: 1-1. Slurry feed pipe; 1-2. Supernatant outlet pipe; 1-3. Primary feed control valve; 1-4. Primary gravity flow pipe; 1-5. Gravity discharge valve; 2. Primary cyclone sedimentation zone: 2-1. Feed inlet I; 2-2. Overflow outlet I; 2-3. Slurry underflow outlet I; 3. Primary rinsing zone: 3-1. Overflow pipe; 3-2. Overflow baffle; 3-3. Slurry-water separation baffle. 3-4. Corrugated baffle plate; 3-5. Water inlet and distribution system; 3-6. Mud-water turbulent reaction zone; 3-7. Secondary feed control valve; 3-8. Secondary gravity flow pipe; 4. Secondary vortex sedimentation zone; 4-1. Feed inlet II; 4-2. Overflow outlet II; 4-3. Mud bottom flow outlet II; 5. Secondary rinsing zone; 5-1. Overflow outlet pipe; 5-2. Material distribution system; 5-3. Water inlet pipe; 5-4. Mud self-unloading pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0024] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0026] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a micro-powered water washing integrated device for waste incineration fly ash includes a pre-washing and clarification zone 1, a primary cyclone sedimentation zone 2, a primary rinsing zone 3, a secondary cyclone sedimentation zone 4, and a secondary rinsing zone 5. The lower parts of the pre-washing and clarification zone 1, the primary rinsing zone 3, and the secondary rinsing zone 5 all form a conical structure (similar to a sludge hopper) to facilitate material discharge. The upper part of the pre-washing and clarification zone 1 is equipped with a supernatant outlet pipe 1-2 and a sludge feed pipe 1-1. The primary cyclone sedimentation zone 2 is equipped with several primary hydrocyclones, and the pre-washing and clarification zone 1 is connected to the primary hydrocyclones. The upper part of the primary rinsing zone 3 is equipped with an overflow pipe 3-1, and the primary rinsing zone 3 is equipped with an overflow baffle 3-2, a sludge-water separation baffle 3-3, a corrugated baffle 3-4, and a sludge-water turbulence... The discharge port of the pre-washing and clarification zone 1 is located above the mud-water turbulent reaction zone 3-6 and below the inlet water distribution system 3-5. The overflow baffle 3-2 is located below the overflow water pipe 3-1. The mud-water separation baffle 3-3 and the corrugated plate 3-4 are interconnected to form a barrier layer and are located above the discharge port of the pre-washing and clarification zone 1. The mud bottom flow port I2-3 of the first-stage hydrocyclone is connected to the upper section of the mud-water turbulent reaction zone 3-6 and is located below the inlet water distribution system 3-5. The second-stage cyclone sedimentation zone 4 includes several second-stage hydrocyclones. The first-stage rinsing zone is connected to the second-stage hydrocyclones. The second-stage rinsing zone 5 is equipped with a material distribution system 5-2, which is connected to the mud bottom flow port II4-3 of the second-stage hydrocyclone.

[0029] The number of primary hydrocyclones configured in the primary cyclone sedimentation zone 2 is determined according to the amount of mud, and generally 4 to 12 can be set. The primary hydrocyclones are also equipped with overflow port I2-2. The number of secondary hydrocyclones configured in the secondary cyclone sedimentation zone 4 is determined according to the amount of mud, and generally 4 to 8 can be set. The secondary hydrocyclones are also equipped with overflow port II4-2.

[0030] In one embodiment, the upper and lower parts of the pre-washing clarification zone 1 form two conical structures of different sizes. The upper part forms a larger first conical structure, and the lower part forms a smaller second mud conical structure. The pre-washing clarification zone 1 is connected to the feed inlet I2-1 of the first-stage hydrocyclone through a primary gravity flow pipe 1-4. Figure 1 Only one set of primary gravity flow pipes 1-4 is shown connected to the primary vortex sedimentation zone 2. The connection relationship of the other three sets of primary gravity flow pipes 1-4 is not shown. The primary gravity flow pipes 1-4 are located on the inclined wall of the first conical structure. A primary feed control valve 1-3 is installed on the primary gravity flow pipes 1-4. A gravity discharge valve 1-5 is installed at the outlet of the pre-washing clarification zone 1. The gravity discharge valve 1-5 is located above the mud-water turbulent reaction zone 3-6 and below the water inlet distribution system 3-5.

[0031] In one embodiment, the sinking zone of the primary rinsing zone 3 is connected to the feed inlet II 4-1 of the secondary hydrocyclone via a secondary gravity flow pipe 3-8; a secondary feed control valve 3-7 is installed on the secondary gravity flow pipe 3-8.

[0032] In one embodiment, the corrugated plate 3-4 has a structure with opposite crests and opposite troughs, which causes the flow velocity of mud and water to sometimes contract to a minimum and sometimes expand to a maximum, thereby generating turbulence, which helps the fine particles of suspended mud to coagulate and agglomerate, and facilitates the separation of mud and water.

[0033] In one embodiment, the water inlet distribution system 3-5 is composed of six horizontally distributed water inlet pipes embedded in the primary rinsing zone 3. The water inlet pipes are arranged in an alternating pattern of three long pipes and three short pipes. Several branch pipes are vertically arranged on the main water inlet pipe. Each branch pipe has a round hole on three sides. Each branch pipe is placed in the mud-water turbulent reaction zone 3-6. Water is pushed out through the branch pipes at a certain flow rate by the water inlet pressure to form a turbulent water layer. The turbulent water will disperse the mud entering from the gravity discharge valve 1-5 and the mud bottom outlet I2-3 of the primary hydrocyclone for rinsing.

[0034] In one embodiment, the upper part of the secondary rinsing zone 5 is provided with an overflow outlet pipe 5-1, and the bottom is provided with a mud self-discharge pipe 5-4. The material distribution system 5-2 is a pipe with a uniformly distributed inverted cone group structure on a rectangular plane, which disperses the mud into a fine fluid column that enters the secondary rinsing zone 5. The mud enters the secondary rinsing zone 5 from top to bottom by gravity through the mud bottom outlet II 4-3 of the secondary hydrocyclone and undergoes a mixing and rinsing process with water at the upper end. Subsequently, the large particles of mud slowly settle and are discharged through the mud self-discharge pipe 5-4, while the supernatant flows out from the overflow outlet pipe 5-1.

[0035] The working principle of this device is as follows:

[0036] The fly ash washing slurry prepared by the fly ash slurry preparation tank flows into the pre-washing and clarification zone 1 through the mud feed pipe 1-1. Utilizing the gravity of the fly ash particles, the particles settle, and after a certain period of slow settling, the fly ash mud separates from the water. The washed and clarified liquid overflows from the supernatant outlet pipe 1-2. The conical structure below the pre-washing and clarification zone uses gravity to activate the gravity discharge valve 1-5. The mud with higher particle density enters the mud-water turbulence reaction zone 3-6 of the primary rinsing zone 3. At this time, the primary feed control valve 1-3 is opened, and the fly ash mud mixture with relatively lower particle density in the upper settling zone of the pre-washing and clarification zone 1 passes through the primary gravity... The fly ash concentrate enters the primary cyclone sedimentation zone 2 via gravity flow pipe 1-4 for concentration. The clarified liquid flows out through overflow outlet I2-2. The concentrated fly ash sludge enters the mud-water turbulent reaction zone 3-6 of the primary rinsing zone 3 through mud bottom outlet I2-3. At the same time, the water distribution system 3-5 is activated to distribute water. Water is pushed into the primary rinsing zone 3 at a certain flow rate through the branch pipe by the inlet pressure, forming a turbulent water layer. The turbulent water disperses the sludge entering from the gravity discharge valve 1-5 and the mud bottom outlet I2-3 of the primary hydrocyclone for primary rinsing. The fly ash sludge with higher particle density falls into the primary rinsing zone. In the settling zone of washing zone 3, low-density suspended particles float to the surface. The mud-water separation baffle 3-3 and the corrugated baffle 3-4 form a barrier layer to intercept these low-density particles. Simultaneously, the structure of the corrugated baffle 3-4 promotes the agglomeration of small suspended particles into larger particles, causing them to settle. This achieves solid-liquid separation of the fly ash slurry. The supernatant overflows from the overflow pipe 3-1 via the overflow baffle 3-2. By opening the secondary feed control valve 3-7, the mud from the settling zone of the primary rinsing zone 3 flows into the secondary cyclone sedimentation zone 4 via the secondary gravity flow pipe 3-8 for concentration. The clarified liquid flows out through the overflow outlet II 4-2. The fly ash... The concentrated mud enters the secondary rinsing zone 5 through the mud underflow outlet II4-3 and the distribution system 5-2. The distribution system 5-2 is composed of a group of inverted cones evenly distributed on a rectangular plane, which disperses the mud into a fine stream before it enters the secondary rinsing zone 5. Before the mud enters the secondary rinsing zone 5, the water level needs to be submerged in the distribution system 5-2 through the water inlet pipe 5-3. The mud enters the secondary rinsing zone from top to bottom by gravity through the mud underflow outlet II4-3 of the secondary hydrocyclone and mixes with the water at the upper end for rinsing. Subsequently, the large mud particles slowly settle, the mud slurry is discharged from the unloading pipe 5-4, and the supernatant flows out from the overflow outlet pipe 5-1.

[0037] The pre-washing clarification zone 1 utilizes the density difference between fly ash slurry and water. Fly ash particles settle due to their own gravity, causing the fly ash slurry to separate into clarified liquid and slurry, achieving solid-liquid separation. The slurry in the sedimentation zone enters the hydrocyclone tangentially. Utilizing the head difference generated by gravity, it flows in a rotating manner within the hydrocyclone at a certain flow rate. Larger particles with higher diameters and densities are thrown against the hydrocyclone wall and slide down the wall under the propulsion of the downward swirling water and the action of gravity, forming concentrated slurry at the bottom of the cone, which is continuously discharged.

[0038] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro-powered water washing integrated device for waste incineration fly ash, characterized in that: The system includes a pre-wash clarification zone (1), a primary cyclone sedimentation zone (2), a primary rinsing zone (3), a secondary cyclone sedimentation zone (4), and a secondary rinsing zone (5). The lower parts of the pre-wash clarification zone (1), the primary rinsing zone (3), and the secondary rinsing zone (5) all form a conical structure. The upper part of the pre-wash clarification zone (1) is provided with a supernatant outlet pipe (1-2) and a mud feed pipe (1-1). The primary cyclone sedimentation zone (2) is provided with several primary hydrocyclones. The pre-wash clarification zone (1) is connected to the primary hydrocyclones. The upper part of the primary rinsing zone (3) is provided with an overflow pipe (3-1). The primary rinsing zone (3) is provided with an overflow baffle (3-2), a mud-water separation baffle (3-3), a corrugated plate (3-4), a water inlet distribution system (3-5), and a mud-water turbulence reaction zone (3-6). The overflow baffle... (3-2) is located below the overflow pipe (3-1). The mud-water separation baffle (3-3) and the corrugated plate (3-4) are connected to each other to form a barrier layer and are located above the discharge port of the pre-washing clarification zone (1). The discharge port of the pre-washing clarification zone (1) is located above the mud-water turbulent reaction zone (3-6) and below the water inlet distribution system (3-5). The mud bottom flow port I (2-3) of the first-stage hydrocyclone is connected to the upper section of the mud-water turbulent reaction zone (3-6) and is located below the water inlet distribution system (3-5). The second-stage cyclone sedimentation zone (4) includes several second-stage hydrocyclones. The first-stage rinsing zone (3) is connected to the second-stage hydrocyclones. The second-stage rinsing zone (5) is equipped with a material distribution system (5-2). The material distribution system (5-2) is connected to the mud bottom flow port II (4-3) of the second-stage hydrocyclone.

2. The integrated micro-powered water washing device for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-washing clarification zone (1) is connected to the feed inlet I (2-1) of the first-stage hydrocyclone through a first-stage gravity flow pipe (1-4). A first-stage feed control valve (1-3) is installed on the first-stage gravity flow pipe (1-4). A gravity discharge valve (1-5) is installed at the discharge port of the pre-washing clarification zone (1). The gravity discharge valve (1-5) is located above the mud-water turbulent reaction zone (3-6) and below the water inlet distribution system (3-5).

3. The integrated micro-powered water washing device for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage hydrocyclone is provided with an overflow port I (2-2); the second-stage hydrocyclone is provided with an overflow port II (4-2).

4. The integrated micro-powered water washing device for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sinking area of ​​the primary rinsing zone (3) is connected to the feed inlet II (4-1) of the secondary hydrocyclone through a secondary gravity flow pipe (3-8); a secondary feed control valve (3-7) is installed on the secondary gravity flow pipe (3-8).

5. The integrated micro-powered water washing device for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrugated plate (3-4) has a structure in which the crests and troughs are opposite each other.

6. The integrated micro-powered water washing device for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet and distribution system (3-5) consists of six horizontally distributed water inlet pipes embedded in the primary rinsing area (3). The water inlet pipes are arranged in an alternating pattern of three long pipes and three short pipes. Several branch pipes are vertically arranged on the main pipe of each water inlet pipe, and each branch pipe has a round hole on three sides.

7. The integrated micro-powered water washing device for waste incineration fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary rinsing zone (5) is equipped with an overflow outlet pipe (5-1) at the top and a mud self-unloading pipe (5-4) at the bottom. The material distribution system (5-2) is a group structure of inverted cones evenly distributed on a rectangular plane.

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