Economical heat pump air conditioning thermal management system for new energy vehicles and its working method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an economical heat pump air conditioning thermal management system for new energy vehicles and its working method. The system includes a refrigerant pipeline for refrigerant circulation and a cooling water pipeline for thermal management of batteries and motor electronic controls. The refrigerant pipeline includes an electric compressor, an HVAC assembly, a chiller heat exchanger, a front-end heat exchange module, the HVAC assembly includes an evaporator and an indoor condenser, the front-end heat exchange module includes an outdoor heat exchanger, and the cooling water pipeline includes a water pump 1, a battery, a four-way water valve, a water pump 2, a motor electronic control, and a three-way water valve. The present invention can fully utilize the waste heat and heat generated by the motor electronic control during stalling, and can simultaneously perform thermal management on the passenger compartment, motor electronic control, and battery, effectively saving battery energy consumption and improving the cruising range of the entire vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to new energy vehicles, and in particular to an economical heat pump air-conditioning thermal management system for new energy vehicles and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the heating and battery heating of new energy electric vehicles mainly adopt electric heating solutions. Electric heating has low efficiency and significantly reduces the range of electric vehicles. Although some mid-to-high-end models are also equipped with heat pump systems, the system design architecture is complex and the cost is too high, which is not conducive to the promotion and popularization of heat pump systems.

[0003] How to economically and effectively meet the thermal management needs of the entire vehicle, save battery power consumption, and increase the vehicle's range is the current research focus of electric vehicle thermal management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an economical heat pump air conditioning thermal management system for new energy vehicles and its working method, which can make full use of the waste heat of the motor and electronic control and the heat generated by congestion, and can simultaneously perform thermal management of the passenger compartment, motor and electronic control, and battery, effectively saving battery energy consumption and improving the vehicle's cruising range.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An economical heat pump air conditioning thermal management system for new energy vehicles, including a refrigerant pipeline for refrigerant circulation and a cooling water pipeline for thermal management of batteries and motor electronic controls; the refrigerant pipeline includes an electric compressor, an HVAC assembly, a chiller heat exchanger, and a front-end heat exchange module; the HVAC assembly includes an evaporator and an indoor condenser; the front-end heat exchange module includes an outdoor heat exchanger; the outlet of the electric compressor is connected to the indoor condenser, which is respectively connected to solenoid valve 1 and solenoid valve 2; solenoid valve 1 is respectively connected to the outlet of the chiller heat exchanger, evaporator, and one-way valve; solenoid valve 2 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger; the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger and the one-way valve is connected to solenoid valve 3; the chiller heat exchanger, evaporator, and solenoid valve 3 are connected to the inlet of the electric compressor;

[0007] The cooling water pipeline includes water pump 1, a battery, a four-way water valve, water pump 2, a motor electronic control, and a three-way water valve. The inlet of water pump 1 is connected to the Chiller heat exchanger, the outlet of water pump 1 is connected to the battery, the battery is connected to the first pipe port of the four-way water valve, the second pipe port of the four-way water valve is connected to the Chiller heat exchanger, the third pipe port of the four-way water valve is connected to the first pipe port of the three-way water valve, the fourth pipe port of the four-way water valve is connected to the inlet of water pump 2, the outlet of water pump 2 is connected to the motor electronic control, the motor electronic control is respectively connected to the external heat exchanger and the second pipe port of the three-way water valve, and the third pipe port of the three-way water valve is connected to the external heat exchanger.

[0008] Furthermore, the refrigerant pipeline also includes electronic expansion valve 1, electronic expansion valve 2, and electronic expansion valve 3. Electronic expansion valve 1 is arranged between solenoid valve 1 and the chiller heat exchanger, electronic expansion valve 2 is arranged between solenoid valve 1 and the evaporator, and electronic expansion valve 3 is arranged in parallel with solenoid valve 2 between the indoor condenser and the outdoor heat exchanger.

[0009] Furthermore, the refrigerant pipeline also includes a vapor-liquid separator, which is arranged between the chiller heat exchanger, the evaporator, the solenoid valve and the electric compressor.

[0010] Furthermore, the front-end heat exchange module also includes an electronic fan for directing outdoor airflow to the outdoor heat exchanger.

[0011] The working method of the above-mentioned economical heat pump air conditioning thermal management system for new energy vehicles is as follows:

[0012] In passenger compartment cooling mode, the refrigeration cycle consists of an electric compressor, indoor condenser, solenoid valve 2, outdoor heat exchanger, non-return valve, electronic expansion valve 2, evaporator, and vapor-liquid separator. During the refrigeration cycle, high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger. Then, low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant passes through the evaporator to cool the air circulating inside the vehicle through the HVAC assembly. The cold air is then delivered through the HVAC assembly's blown-out vents, achieving the purpose of cooling the vehicle interior.

[0013] In battery cooling mode, when the ambient temperature is below 30°C, a water circuit consisting of water pump 1, battery, the first and fourth pipe ports of the four-way water valve, water pump 2, motor and electronic control, outdoor heat exchanger, the first and third pipe ports of the three-way water valve, the second and third pipe ports of the four-way water valve, and the chiller heat exchanger forms a water circuit. The heat of the battery is transferred to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger through the water circuit. When the ambient temperature is equal to or higher than 30°C and the battery needs to be forced cooled, a water circuit consisting of water pump 1, battery, the first and second pipe ports of the four-way valve, and the chiller heat exchanger forms a water circuit. The refrigeration circuit consists of the electric compressor, indoor condenser, solenoid valve 2, outdoor heat exchanger, one-way valve, electronic expansion valve 1, chiller heat exchanger, and vapor-liquid separator. The heat of the battery is transferred to the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger through the water circuit, and then transferred to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger.

[0014] In the simultaneous cooling mode for the passenger compartment and the battery, the refrigeration cycle consists of the electric compressor, indoor condenser, solenoid valve 2, outdoor heat exchanger, non-return valve, electronic expansion valve 2, electronic expansion valve 1, evaporator, chiller heat exchanger, and vapor-liquid separator. The water circuit consists of water pump 1, battery, the first and second pipe ports of the four-way valve, and chiller heat exchanger. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant passes through the evaporator and chiller heat exchanger simultaneously to cool the indoor circulating air that has passed through the HVAC assembly. At the same time, the heat from the battery is transferred to the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger through the water circuit and then discharged into the atmosphere through the outdoor heat exchanger, achieving the purpose of cooling the vehicle cabin and the battery simultaneously.

[0015] In passenger compartment heat pump heating mode, the heating cycle consists of an electric compressor, indoor condenser, electronic expansion valve 3, outdoor heat exchanger, solenoid valve 3, and vapor-liquid separator. High-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant passes through the indoor condenser to heat the interior air flowing through the HVAC assembly, achieving heating. The refrigerant then gains heat from the outdoor low-temperature environment of -10°C to 25°C via the outdoor heat exchanger.

[0016] In the waste heat recovery heating mode, a heating cycle is composed of an electric compressor, an indoor condenser, an electronic expansion valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger, a solenoid valve 3, and a vapor-liquid separator. Another heating cycle is composed of an electric compressor, an indoor condenser, a solenoid valve 1, an electronic expansion valve 1, a chiller heat exchanger, and a vapor-liquid separator. A water circuit is composed of a water pump 1, a battery, the first and fourth pipe ports of a four-way water valve, a water pump 2, a motor point control, the first and second pipe ports of a three-way water valve, the second and third pipe ports of a four-way water valve, and a chiller heat exchanger. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant heats the indoor air flowing through the HVAC assembly through the indoor condenser to achieve the purpose of heating. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor low-temperature environment of -10℃ to 25℃ through the outdoor heat exchanger. At the same time, the heat from the battery and the motor electronic control is transferred to the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger through the water circuit.

[0017] In battery heating mode, a water circuit consisting of water pump 1, batteries, the first and fourth outlets of the four-way water valve, water pump 2, the motor and electronic control, the first and second outlets of the three-way water valve, the second and third outlets of the four-way water valve, and the chiller heat exchanger forms the heat exchanger. The heat generated by the motor and electronic control is directly transferred to the battery.

[0018] The defogger mode is divided into cooling defogger mode and cooling reheating defogger mode. When the ambient temperature is equal to or higher than 15℃, the cooling defogger mode is required when the cabin is fogged. When the ambient temperature is lower than 15℃, the cooling reheating defogger mode is required when the cabin is fogged. In the cooling defogger mode, the electric compressor, indoor condenser, solenoid valve 2, outdoor heat exchanger, one-way valve, electronic expansion valve 2, evaporator, and vapor-liquid separator form a refrigeration cycle. In the refrigeration cycle, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to the outdoor heat exchanger. The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant in the outdoor air passes through the evaporator to cool the air circulating in the vehicle interior through the HVAC assembly. The cold air is then sent out through the HVAC assembly's defogger air outlet to remove mist from the vehicle windows. In the cooling, reheating, and defogger mode, a refrigeration cycle consisting of an electric compressor, indoor condenser, solenoid valve 1, electronic expansion valve 2, evaporator, and vapor-liquid separator forms the refrigeration cycle. The indoor air passing through the HVAC assembly is first cooled in the evaporator and then heated in the indoor condenser. The heated, dry, hot air is then passed into the vehicle interior to remove mist from the windows.

[0019] In the defrost protection mode, the refrigeration cycle is composed of the electric compressor, indoor condenser, solenoid valve 2, outdoor heat exchanger, one-way valve, electronic expansion valve 1, Chiller heat exchanger, and vapor-liquid separator. The water circuit is composed of water pump 1, battery, the first and fourth pipe ports of the four-way water valve, water pump 2, motor electronic control, the first and second pipe ports of the three-way water valve, the second and third pipe ports of the four-way water valve, and Chiller heat exchanger. When the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows through the outdoor heat exchanger, the frost on the outdoor heat exchanger is melted. At the same time, the heat from the battery and the motor electronic control is transferred to the refrigerant through the Chiller heat exchanger through the water circuit.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention can utilize the waste heat of the motor electronic control and the heat generated by the stalled transfer to provide auxiliary heat under certain working conditions, eliminating the WPTC (water heater) or APTC (air heater), simplifying the system and reducing system costs;

[0022] 2. The front-end module adopts a new structural design, integrating the original condenser and low-temperature radiator into one design. Under low-temperature conditions, the mutual heat transfer between the two heat exchangers is increased, which improves the efficiency of waste heat utilization and saves installation space.

[0023] 3. In addition to the front-end module, the heat from the motor can be used to heat the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger while maintaining the battery's constant temperature, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the refrigeration system's heat pump and increasing the vehicle's interior heating capacity.

[0024] 4. Compared with the common heat pump thermal management system architecture design on the market, the present invention can significantly reduce costs, and it is estimated that the cost can be reduced by about 30%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1-Electric compressor; 2-HVAC assembly; 2-1-Evaporator; 2-2-Indoor condenser; 3-Electronic expansion valve 1; 4-Electronic expansion valve 2; 5-Chiller heat exchanger; 6-Gas-liquid separator; 7-Solenoid valve 1; 8-Electronic expansion valve 3; 9-Solenoid valve 2; 10-Front-end heat exchange module; 10-1-Outdoor heat exchanger; 10-2-Electronic fan; 11-Water pump 1; 12-Battery; 13-Four-way water valve; 14-Water pump 2; 15-Motor electronic control; 16-Three-way water valve; 17-Check valve; 18-Solenoid valve 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an economical heat pump air conditioning thermal management system for new energy vehicles, including a refrigerant pipeline for circulating the refrigerant and a cooling water pipeline for thermal management of batteries and motor electronic controls.

[0029] The refrigerant pipeline includes an electric compressor 1, an HVAC assembly 2, a chiller heat exchanger 5, and a front-end heat exchange module 10. The HVAC assembly 2 includes an evaporator 2-1 and an indoor condenser 2-2. The front-end heat exchange module 10 includes an outdoor heat exchanger 10-1. The outlet of the electric compressor 1 is connected to the indoor condenser 2-2. The indoor condenser 2-2 is respectively connected to solenoid valve 1 7 and solenoid valve 2 9. Solenoid valve 1 7 is respectively connected to the outlets of the chiller heat exchanger 5, the evaporator 2-1, and the one-way valve 17. Solenoid valve 2 9 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1. The inlets of the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1 and the one-way valve 17 are connected to solenoid valve 3 18. The chiller heat exchanger 5, the evaporator 2-1, and the solenoid valve 3 18 are connected to the inlet of the electric compressor 1.

[0030] In this embodiment, the refrigerant pipeline also includes electronic expansion valve 1 3, electronic expansion valve 2 4, and electronic expansion valve 3 8. Electronic expansion valve 1 3 is set between solenoid valve 1 7 and chiller heat exchanger 5, electronic expansion valve 2 4 is set between solenoid valve 1 7 and evaporator 2-1, and electronic expansion valve 3 8 and solenoid valve 2 9 are set in parallel between indoor condenser 2-2 and outdoor heat exchanger 10-1. In order to facilitate accurate control of refrigerant flow,

[0031] In this embodiment, the refrigerant circuit further includes a vapor-liquid separator 6, which is disposed between the chiller heat exchanger 5, the evaporator 2-1, the solenoid valve 3 18, and the electric compressor 1. The vapor-liquid separator 6 protects the compressor when the refrigerant liquid returns after startup, operation, or defrosting (heat pump).

[0032] In this embodiment, the front-end heat exchange module 10 further includes an electronic fan 10 - 2 for guiding outdoor air flow to the outdoor heat exchanger 10 - 1 .

[0033] The cooling water pipeline includes water pump 11, battery 12, four-way water valve 13, water pump 2 14, motor electronic control 15, and three-way water valve 16. The inlet of water pump 11 is connected to the chiller heat exchanger 5, and the outlet of water pump 11 is connected to the battery 12. The battery 12 is connected to the first pipe port of the four-way water valve 13. The second pipe port of the four-way water valve 13 is connected to the chiller heat exchanger 5. The third pipe port of the four-way water valve 13 is connected to the first pipe port of the three-way water valve 16. The fourth pipe port of the four-way water valve 13 is connected to the inlet of water pump 2 14. The outlet of water pump 2 14 is connected to the motor electronic control 15. The motor electronic control 15 is respectively connected to the external heat exchanger 10-1 and the second pipe port of the three-way water valve 16. The third pipe port of the three-way water valve 16 is connected to the external heat exchanger 10-1.

[0034] The working method of the economical heat pump air conditioning thermal management system for new energy vehicles of the present invention:

[0035] In the passenger compartment cooling mode, solenoid valve 2 9 is open, solenoid valve 1 7 and solenoid valve 3 18 are closed, and a refrigeration cycle is formed by the electric compressor 1, the indoor condenser 2-2, the solenoid valve 2 9, the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1, the one-way valve 17, the electronic expansion valve 2 4, the evaporator 2-1, and the vapor-liquid separator 6. In the refrigeration cycle, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1, and the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant cools the indoor circulating air passing through the HVAC assembly 2 through the evaporator 2-1. The cold air is sent out through the blowing air outlet of the HVAC assembly (2), thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the vehicle interior.

[0036] In the battery cooling mode, when the ambient temperature is lower than 30°C, the first and fourth pipe ports of the four-way water valve 13 are connected, the second and third pipe ports are connected, and the first and third pipe ports of the three-way water valve 16 are connected. A water circuit is formed by water pump 11, battery 12, the first and fourth pipe ports of the four-way water valve 13, water pump 2 14, motor electronic control 15, outdoor heat exchanger 10-1, the first and third pipe ports of the three-way water valve 16, the second and third pipe ports of the four-way water valve 13, and the chiller heat exchanger 5. The heat of the battery 12 is transferred to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1 through the water circuit. When the ambient temperature is equal to or higher than 30°C, the battery needs to be forced to cool. When 100 Hz is reached, the first and second pipe ports of the four-way water valve 13 are connected, and a water circuit consisting of the water pump 11, the battery 12, the first and second pipe ports of the four-way valve 13, and the chiller heat exchanger 5 is formed. The solenoid valve 2 9 is opened, and the solenoid valve 1 7 and the solenoid valve 3 18 are closed. A refrigeration circuit consisting of the electric compressor 1, the indoor condenser 2-2, the solenoid valve 2 9, the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1, the one-way valve 17, the electronic expansion valve 1 3, the chiller heat exchanger 5, and the vapor-liquid separator 6 is formed. The heat from the battery 12 is transferred to the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger 5 through the water circuit, and then the heat is transferred to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1.

[0037] In the simultaneous cooling mode for the passenger compartment and the battery, solenoid valve 2 9 is open, solenoid valve 1 7 and solenoid valve 3 18 are closed. A refrigeration cycle is formed by the electric compressor 1, indoor condenser 2-2, solenoid valve 9, outdoor heat exchanger 10-1, non-return valve 17, electronic expansion valve 2 4, electronic expansion valve 1 3, evaporator 2-1, chiller heat exchanger 5, and vapor-liquid separator 6. The first and second pipe ports of the four-way water valve 13 are connected, and a water circuit is formed by the water pump 11, the battery 12, the first and second pipe ports of the four-way valve 13, and the chiller heat exchanger 5. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant simultaneously passes through the evaporator 2-1 and the chiller heat exchanger 5 to cool the air circulating in the vehicle interior through the HVAC assembly 2. At the same time, the heat from the battery 12 is transferred to the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger 5 through the water circuit and then discharged to the atmosphere through the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the vehicle interior and the battery simultaneously.

[0038] In the passenger compartment heat pump heating mode, solenoid valve three 18 is open, solenoid valve one 7 and solenoid valve two 9 are closed, and a heating cycle is formed by the electric compressor 1, indoor condenser 2-2, electronic expansion valve three 8, outdoor heat exchanger 10-1, solenoid valve three 18, and vapor-liquid separator 6. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant passes through the indoor condenser 2-2 to heat the interior air flowing through the HVAC assembly 2, achieving the purpose of heating. The absorbed heat is recovered from the outdoor low-temperature environment of -10°C to 25°C through the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1.

[0039] In the waste heat recovery heating mode, solenoid valve 17 and solenoid valve 3 18 are open, solenoid valve 2 9 is closed, and a heating cycle is formed by the electric compressor 1, indoor condenser 2-2, electronic expansion valve 3 8, outdoor heat exchanger 10-1, solenoid valve 3 18, and vapor-liquid separator 6. Another heating cycle is formed by the electric compressor 1, indoor condenser 2-2, solenoid valve 17, electronic expansion valve 13, Chiller heat exchanger 5, and vapor-liquid separator 6. The first and fourth pipe ports of the four-way water valve 13 are connected, and the second and third pipe ports are connected. The first and second pipe ports of the three-way water valve 16 are connected. The water pump 11 and battery 1 2. The first and fourth ports of the four-way water valve 13, water pump 2 14, motor and electronic control 15, the first and second ports of the three-way water valve 16, the second and third ports of the four-way water valve 13, and the chiller heat exchanger 5 form a water circuit. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant passes through the indoor condenser 2-2 to heat the indoor air flowing through the HVAC assembly 2, achieving the purpose of heating. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor low-temperature environment of -10°C to 25°C through the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1. At the same time, the heat from the battery 12 and the motor and electronic control 15 is transferred to the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger 5 through the water circuit.

[0040] In the battery heating mode, the first and fourth ports of the four-way water valve 13 are connected, the second and third ports are connected, and the first and second ports of the three-way water valve 16 are connected. A water circuit consisting of water pump 11, battery 12, the first and fourth ports of the four-way water valve 13, water pump 2 14, motor and electronic control 15, the first and second ports of the three-way water valve 16, the second and third ports of the four-way water valve 13, and the chiller heat exchanger 5 forms the water circuit. The heat generated by the motor and electronic control 15 is directly transferred to the battery 12.

[0041] The defogger mode is divided into cooling defogger mode and cooling reheating defogger mode. When the ambient temperature is equal to or higher than 15°C, the cooling defogger mode is required when the vehicle interior is fogged. When the ambient temperature is lower than 15°C, the cooling reheating defogger mode is required when the vehicle interior is fogged. In the cooling defogger mode, the electric compressor 1, the indoor condenser 2-2, the solenoid valve 29, the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1, the one-way valve 17, the electronic expansion valve 24, the evaporator 2-1, and the vapor-liquid separator 6 form a refrigeration cycle. In the refrigeration cycle, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to the indoor condenser through the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1. The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant in the outside air passes through the evaporator 2-1 to cool the air circulating in the vehicle interior through the HVAC assembly 2. The cold air is then sent out through the defogger air outlet of the HVAC assembly 2 to remove mist from the vehicle windows. In the cooling, reheating and defogger mode, a refrigeration cycle is formed by the electric compressor 1, the indoor condenser 2-2, the solenoid valve 1 7, the electronic expansion valve 2 4, the evaporator 2-1, and the vapor-liquid separator 6. The indoor air passing through the HVAC assembly 2 is first cooled in the evaporator 2-1 and then heated in the indoor condenser 2-2. The heated, dry hot air is then passed into the vehicle interior to remove mist from the vehicle windows.

[0042] In the defrost protection mode, solenoid valve 2 9 is open, solenoid valve 1 7 and solenoid valve 3 18 are closed. A refrigeration cycle is formed by the electric compressor 1, indoor condenser 2-2, solenoid valve 2 9, outdoor heat exchanger 10-1, one-way valve 17, electronic expansion valve 1 3, chiller heat exchanger 5, and vapor-liquid separator 6. The first and fourth pipe ports of the four-way water valve 13 are connected, and the second and third pipe ports are connected. The first and second pipe ports of the three-way water valve 16 are connected. A water circuit is formed by water pump 1 11, battery 12, the first and fourth pipe ports of the four-way water valve 13, water pump 2 14, motor and electronic control 15, the first and second pipe ports of the three-way water valve 16, the second and third pipe ports of the four-way water valve 13, and chiller heat exchanger 5. When the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1, the frost on the outdoor heat exchanger 10-1 is melted. At the same time, the heat from the battery 12 and the motor and electronic control 15 is transferred to the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger 5 through the water circuit.

[0043] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for operating an economical heat pump air conditioning thermal management system for a new energy vehicle, wherein the economical heat pump air conditioning thermal management system for a new energy vehicle comprises a refrigerant pipeline for circulating a refrigerant and a cooling water pipeline for thermal management of a battery and a motor electronic control; the refrigerant pipeline comprises an electric compressor (1), an HVAC assembly (2), a chiller heat exchanger (5), and a front-end heat exchange module (10); the HVAC assembly (2) comprises an evaporator (2-1), an indoor condenser (2-2); the front-end heat exchange module (10) comprises an outdoor heat exchanger (10-1); the electric compressor (1) comprises ... The outlet of the electric compressor (1) is connected to the indoor condenser (2-2), the indoor condenser (2-2) is respectively connected to the solenoid valve 1 (7) and the solenoid valve 2 (9), the solenoid valve 1 (7) is respectively connected to the outlets of the chiller heat exchanger (5), the evaporator (2-1), and the one-way valve (17), the solenoid valve 2 (9) is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), the inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1) and the one-way valve (17) are connected to the solenoid valve 3 (18), the chiller heat exchanger (5), the evaporator (2-1), and the solenoid valve 3 (18) are connected to the inlet of the electric compressor (1); The refrigerant pipeline further includes an electronic expansion valve 1 (3), an electronic expansion valve 2 (4), and an electronic expansion valve 3 (8). The electronic expansion valve 1 (3) is arranged between the solenoid valve 1 (7) and the chiller heat exchanger (5), the electronic expansion valve 2 (4) is arranged between the solenoid valve 1 (7) and the evaporator (2-1), and the electronic expansion valve 3 (8) and the solenoid valve 2 (9) are arranged in parallel between the indoor condenser (2-2) and the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1). The refrigerant pipeline further includes a vapor-liquid separator (6), which is arranged between the chiller heat exchanger (5), the evaporator (2-1), the solenoid valve 3 (18) and the electric compressor (1); The front-end heat exchange module (10) further includes an electronic fan (10-2) for directing outdoor airflow to the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1); The cooling water pipeline includes a water pump (11), a battery (12), a four-way water valve (13), a water pump (14), a motor electronic control (15), and a three-way water valve (16). The inlet of the water pump (11) is connected to the chiller heat exchanger (5), the outlet of the water pump (11) is connected to the battery (12), the battery (12) is connected to the first pipe port of the four-way water valve (13), the second pipe port of the four-way water valve (13) is connected to the chiller heat exchanger (5), the third pipe port of the four-way water valve (13) is connected to the first pipe port of the three-way water valve (16), the fourth pipe port of the four-way water valve (13) is connected to the inlet of the water pump (14), the outlet of the water pump (14) is connected to the motor electronic control (15), the motor electronic control (15) is connected to the external heat exchanger (10-1) and the second pipe port of the three-way water valve (16), and the third pipe port of the three-way water valve (16) is connected to the external heat exchanger (10-1); It is characterized in that The working method includes: in a passenger compartment cooling mode, a refrigeration cycle is formed by an electric compressor (1), an indoor condenser (2-2), a second solenoid valve (9), an outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), a one-way valve (17), a second electronic expansion valve (4), an evaporator (2-1), and a vapor-liquid separator (6); in the refrigeration cycle, a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), and a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant cools the indoor circulating air passing through the HVAC assembly (2) through the evaporator (2-1); and the cold air is sent out through the blowing air outlet of the HVAC assembly (2), thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the vehicle interior; In the battery cooling mode, when the ambient temperature is lower than 30°C, a water circuit consisting of water pump 1 (11), battery (12), the first and fourth pipe openings of the four-way water valve (13), water pump 2 (14), motor electronic control (15), outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), the first and third pipe openings of the three-way water valve (16), the second and third pipe openings of the four-way water valve (13), and chiller heat exchanger (5) is formed. The heat of the battery (12) is transferred to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1) through the water circuit. When the ambient temperature is equal to or higher than 30°C and the battery needs forced cooling, the water pump A water circuit is formed by one (11), a battery (12), the first and second pipe ports of a four-way valve (13), and a chiller heat exchanger (5). A refrigeration circuit is formed by an electric compressor (1), an indoor condenser (2-2), a second solenoid valve (9), an outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), a one-way valve (17), an electronic expansion valve (3), a chiller heat exchanger (5), and a vapor-liquid separator (6). The heat of the battery (12) is transferred to the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger (5) through the water circuit, and then the heat is transferred to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1). In the simultaneous cooling mode of the passenger compartment and the battery, a refrigeration cycle is formed by the electric compressor (1), the indoor condenser (2-2), the second solenoid valve (9), the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), the one-way valve (17), the second electronic expansion valve (4), the first electronic expansion valve (3), the evaporator (2-1), the chiller heat exchanger (5), and the vapor-liquid separator (6). A water circuit is formed by the first water pump (11), the battery (12), the first and second pipe ports of the four-way valve (13), and the chiller heat exchanger (5). The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1). The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant passes through the evaporator (2-1) and the chiller heat exchanger (5) at the same time to cool the indoor circulating air passing through the HVAC assembly (2). At the same time, the heat of the battery (12) is transferred to the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger (5) through the water circuit, and then discharged to the atmosphere through the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the vehicle cabin and the battery at the same time. In the passenger compartment heat pump heating mode, a heating cycle is formed by an electric compressor (1), an indoor condenser (2-2), an electronic expansion valve (3) (8), an outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), a solenoid valve (3) (18), and a vapor-liquid separator (6). The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant heats the cabin air flowing through the HVAC assembly (2) through the indoor condenser (2-2) to achieve the purpose of heating. The refrigerant obtains heat from the outdoor low-temperature environment of -10°C to 25°C through the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1); In the waste heat recovery heating mode, a heating cycle is formed by the electric compressor (1), the indoor condenser (2-2), the electronic expansion valve 3 (8), the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), the solenoid valve 3 (18), and the vapor-liquid separator (6). Another heating cycle is formed by the electric compressor (1), the indoor condenser (2-2), the solenoid valve 1 (7), the electronic expansion valve 1 (3), the chiller heat exchanger (5), and the vapor-liquid separator (6). The heating cycle is formed by the water pump 1 (11), the battery (12), the first and fourth pipe ports of the four-way water valve (13), the water pump 2 (14), the motor point control (15), the first and second pipe ports of the three-way water valve (16), the second and third pipe ports of the four-way water valve (13), and the chiller heat exchanger (5) form a water circuit. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant heats the indoor air flowing through the HVAC assembly (2) through the indoor condenser (2-2) to achieve the purpose of heating. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor low-temperature environment of -10℃ to 25℃ through the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1). At the same time, the heat of the battery (12) and the motor electronic control (15) is transferred to the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger (5) through the water circuit. In the battery heating mode, a water circuit is formed by water pump 1 (11), battery (12), the first and fourth pipe openings of the four-way water valve (13), water pump 2 (14), motor electronic control (15), the first and second pipe openings of the three-way water valve (16), the second and third pipe openings of the four-way water valve (13), and the chiller heat exchanger (5), and the heat generated by the motor electronic control (15) is directly transferred to the battery (12); The defogger mode is divided into a refrigeration defogger mode and a refrigeration reheat defogger mode. When the ambient temperature is equal to or higher than 15°C, the refrigeration defogger mode is required when the vehicle interior is fogged. When the ambient temperature is lower than 15°C, the refrigeration reheat defogger mode is required when the vehicle interior is fogged. In the refrigeration defogger mode, a refrigeration cycle is composed of an electric compressor (1), an indoor condenser (2-2), a second solenoid valve (9), an outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), a one-way valve (17), a second electronic expansion valve (4), an evaporator (2-1), and a vapor-liquid separator (6). In the refrigeration cycle, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to the outdoor air through the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1). The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant cools the indoor circulating air volume of the vehicle through the HVAC assembly (2) through the evaporator (2-1), and the cold air is sent out through the defogger air outlet of the HVAC assembly (2) to remove the water mist on the car windows. In the cooling and reheating defogger mode, the electric compressor (1), the indoor condenser (2-2), the solenoid valve 1 (7), the electronic expansion valve 2 (4), the evaporator (2-1), and the vapor-liquid separator (6) form a refrigeration cycle. The indoor air flowing through the HVAC assembly (2) is first cooled in the evaporator (2-1) and then heated in the indoor condenser (2-2). The heated dry hot air is passed into the vehicle to remove the water mist on the car windows. In the defrost protection mode, a refrigeration cycle is formed by an electric compressor (1), an indoor condenser (2-2), a second solenoid valve (9), an outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), a one-way valve (17), an electronic expansion valve (3), a chiller heat exchanger (5), and a vapor-liquid separator (6). A water circuit is formed by a water pump (11), a battery (12), the first and fourth pipe ports of a four-way water valve (13), a second water pump (14), a motor electronic control (15), the first and second pipe ports of a three-way water valve (16), the second and third pipe ports of a four-way water valve (13), and a chiller heat exchanger (5). When a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows through the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1), the frost on the outdoor heat exchanger (10-1) is melted. At the same time, the heat of the battery (12) and the motor electronic control (15) is transferred to the refrigerant through the chiller heat exchanger (5) through the water circuit.

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