A rapid positioning device for the in-situ casting formwork of the initial support of a tunnel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rapid positioning device for the in-situ casting formwork of the initial support of a tunnel, which includes an excavation bench, a slip form system, side brackets, and an upper bracket. The side brackets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper bracket, and a slip form system is correspondingly arranged for each side bracket. The side brackets and the upper bracket are connected by a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is detachable. An upper support system and a lower support system for the side brackets are arranged on the excavation bench, and the upper support system and the lower support system for the side brackets are respectively connected to the side brackets; the lower support system for the side brackets is connected to the expansion and contraction system of the side brackets to realize the contraction and expansion of the side brackets; the upper support system for the side brackets is connected to the lateral positioning system to realize the lateral positioning of the slip form system; the upper bracket is supported by an upper bracket support system, and the upper bracket support system is connected to the top of the lifting bracket, and the upper bracket support system realizes lifting by using a lifting jack; the slip form system can slide along the arc-shaped support body composed of the side brackets and the upper bracket.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of construction machinery, and particularly relates to a rapid positioning device for in-situ casting formwork of tunnel primary support. Background Art

[0002] The shotcrete for tunnel primary support is an important process for tunnel support, and the tunnel primary support structure is the main load-bearing structure of the tunnel. After the tunnel excavation is completed, the installation operation of the steel arch is carried out, and then the shotcrete is used to seal the primary support steel arch. In the traditional method, no support system is set up during the primary support shotcrete operation, and the wet shotcreting machine or wet shotcreting manipulator is directly used for the primary support shotcrete operation. During the spraying process, the concrete rebounds, which not only causes waste of concrete, but also the flying gravel during the high-pressure shotcrete process poses a safety hazard and endangers the safety of the operators. In order to solve the problems existing in the direct spraying of the traditional method, the prior art uses in-situ casting formwork installed on the excavation jumbo for pouring. However, affected by the unevenness of the tunnel face, the in-situ casting formwork cannot be quickly centered and positioned, and the positioning of the excavation jumbo needs to be adjusted multiple times, resulting in low efficiency.

[0003] The existing invention patent with the application number CN201910082530.8 and the name of a device and method for rapid construction of tunnel primary support with formwork spraying includes: a steel guide rail 1 for fixing the steel formwork system and the spraying system and assisting the two systems to travel circumferentially; a circumferential driving device 2 for driving the steel formwork and the spraying equipment to travel circumferentially along the tunnel inner contour track; a steel formwork system 3 for automatically erecting the steel formwork and forming a spraying space with the sprayed surface; a spraying system 4 for the supply and transmission of concrete and automatic spraying; and a pipeline control system 5 for starting and closing the driving device 2, the steel formwork system 3 and the spraying system 4 and transmitting control signals. The steel guide rail designed in the prior art forms an integral body with the formwork spraying device, and the steel guide rail is placed on a simple jumbo to make it movable and assist the formwork spraying equipment to spray circumferentially. The designed formwork spraying system uses a circumferential spraying method to replace the existing shotcrete manipulator device, and can gradually spray each ring of formwork circumferentially. Through formwork spraying, the disadvantages that the rebound materials are not easily recycled during shotcreting in the prior art are overcome, and the waste of rebound materials is reduced. However, the steel rail of this prior art is fixed on the simple jumbo and cannot be adjusted relative to the simple jumbo according to the tunnel section position for centering. Since the tunnel is not a straight line, the position of the steel rail needs to be adjusted frequently to make its center line correspond to the tunnel center line so that the formwork spraying system can spray better. This prior art can only push the mobile primary support simple jumbo 61 to the entire section that needs initial support. The adjustment of the position of the steel rail relative to the tunnel section is inconvenient and the working efficiency is low. Moreover, when the steel rail of this prior art is not used for primary support spraying, it cannot be retracted relative to the simple jumbo frame and cannot be flexibly retracted or deployed for support according to the working environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a rapid positioning device for the cast-in-place formwork of the initial support of a tunnel, which solves the problem of low centering and positioning efficiency of the cast-in-place formwork in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose of the present disclosure can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A rapid positioning device for the cast-in-place formwork of the initial support of a tunnel includes an excavation bench, a slip form system, side brackets, and an upper bracket. The side brackets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper bracket. One slip form system is correspondingly arranged for each side bracket. The side brackets and the upper bracket are connected by a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is detachable. An upper support system and a lower support system for the side brackets are arranged on the excavation bench, and the upper support system and the lower support system for the side brackets are respectively connected to the side brackets; the lower support system for the side brackets is connected to the retraction and expansion system of the side brackets to realize the contraction and expansion of the side brackets; the upper support system for the side brackets is connected to the transverse positioning system to realize the transverse positioning of the slip form system; the upper bracket is arranged corresponding to the middle of the transverse direction of the excavation bench, and the upper bracket is supported by an upper bracket support system. The upper bracket is arranged at the top of the upper bracket support system, and the upper bracket support system is connected to the top of the lifting bracket. The upper bracket support system realizes lifting by using a lifting jack; the slip form system can slide along the arc-shaped support body composed of the side brackets and the upper bracket. The slip form system is connected to the slip form lifting system by a pulling rope, and the slip form lifting system is arranged on the upper bracket support system; after the side brackets and the upper bracket are connected into a whole, they can drive the slip form system to move along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel on the excavation bench.

[0007] The slip form system includes a slip form panel, a support screw rod, and a slip form connecting frame. The slip form panel is an arc-shaped plate located outside the upper bracket and the side brackets. Chutes I are arranged on the outer surfaces of the upper bracket and the side brackets. The slip form panel is connected to the slip form connecting frame by a support screw rod. The slip form connecting frame is located in the chute I. Sliding wheels are arranged on the slip form connecting frame, and the sliding wheels are located in the chute I and can move along the chute I. The middle of the top surface of the slip form connecting frame is connected to the pulling rope, and the other end of the pulling rope is connected to the slip form lifting system.

[0008] Pin holes are arranged at intervals along the arc length direction on both sides of the chute I of the upper bracket and the side brackets, and positioning holes corresponding to the sizes of the pin holes are arranged on the slip form connecting frame. The temporary positioning of the slip form system is realized by using a pin shaft to pass through the pin holes and the positioning holes.

[0009] The upper support system of the side support bracket includes an upper support column and an upper support bar of the side support bracket. The upper support bar of the side support bracket is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The top of the upper support column is fixedly connected to the side support bracket, and a sliding mechanism is arranged between the bottom end of the upper support column and the upper support bar of the side support bracket, so that the upper support column can drive the side support bracket to move along the length direction of the upper support bar of the side support bracket. The upper support bar of the side support bracket is connected to the transverse positioning system.

[0010] The transverse positioning system includes a transverse jack and a stop block. The stop block is fixed on the excavation bench and faces the center of the cross-section of the excavation step. One end of the transverse jack is fixed to the stop block, and the other end is connected to the upper support bar of the side support bracket.

[0011] The lower support system of the side support bracket includes a lower support column and a lower support bar of the side support bracket. The lower support bar of the side support bracket is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The top of the lower support column is fixedly connected to the side support bracket, and a sliding mechanism is arranged between the bottom end of the lower support column and the lower support bar of the side support bracket, so that the lower support column can drive the side support bracket to move along the length direction of the lower support bar of the side support bracket; walking wheels are arranged at the bottom of the lower support bar of the side support bracket, a walking groove facing the center of the cross-section is arranged on the excavation bench, the walking wheels move along the walking groove, a limit block is arranged at the outer end of the walking groove, and the side support bracket unfolding and folding system is connected to the walking wheels.

[0012] The side support bracket unfolding and folding system includes a chain block, a fixed pulley and a guide pulley. The guide pulley is arranged at the outer end of the excavation bench. The fixed pulley is fixed on the excavation bench by a hook I. The chain block is connected to the fixed pulley and a hook II. The free end of the chain block is located at the fixed pulley. The hook II is connected to the walking wheels through a first towing rope. The first towing rope can be removed from the hook II. A second towing rope is arranged on the guide pulley. The inner end of the second towing rope is detachably connected to the walking wheels, and a counterweight block is arranged at the outer end of the second towing rope.

[0013] The upper support system of the upper support bracket includes upper support columns of the upper support bracket, upper support bars of the upper support bracket and a lifting bracket. The upper support columns of the upper support bracket are symmetrically arranged with respect to the midline of the upper support bracket. The upper support bars of the upper support bracket are arranged on the support plate. The bottom end of the lifting jack is fixedly installed at the outer end of the excavation bench with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the top of the lifting jack is connected to the support plate; the top ends of the upper support columns of the upper support bracket are fixedly connected to the upper support bracket, the upper support bars of the upper support bracket are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and a sliding mechanism is arranged between the bottom ends of the upper support columns of the upper support bracket and the upper support bars of the upper support bracket, so that the upper support columns of the upper support bracket can drive the upper support bracket to move along the length direction of the upper support bars of the upper support bracket; the lifting bracket is connected to the support plate and rises and falls with the lifting jack; the middle part of the height of the upper support columns of the upper support bracket is connected through a winch mounting frame.

[0014] The slipform lifting system includes a pulling rope and a winch. The winch is divided into a left winch and a right winch. The pulling rope is divided into a left pulling rope and a right pulling rope. The bottom end of the left pulling rope is connected to the slipform connecting frame on the left slipform system, and the top end passes through the upper support and is connected to the right winch. The bottom end of the right pulling rope is connected to the slipform connecting frame on the right slipform system, and the top end passes through the upper support and is connected to the left winch.

[0015] The length of the excavation bench in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is 4 times the length of the slipform system in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The slipform system is the same length as the upper support and the side supports along the tunnel. The upper support bars, lower side support bars, and upper support bars of the side supports are in the same direction as the length of the excavation bench along the tunnel. The upper support bars, lower side support bars, and upper support bars of the side supports are disconnected on the outside of the excavation bench relative to the tunnel to form outer lower side support bars and inner lower side support bars, outer upper support bars and inner upper support bars, and outer upper support bars and inner upper support bars. The outer upper support bars can be lifted and lowered with the lifting jacks, and the outer lower side support bars can be moved horizontally under the action of the side support expansion and contraction system. The lateral positioning system is connected to the inner upper support bars, and the inner lower side support bars, inner upper support bars, and inner upper support bars can be moved horizontally.

[0016] Advantages of this application:

[0017] 1. For the quick positioning device described in the present invention, the in-situ formwork is divided into an upper support, side supports symmetrically arranged at both ends of the upper support, and a slipform system. The side supports and the upper support are detachably connected. The upper support can be lifted and lowered under the action of the lifting jacks, and the side supports can be expanded and contracted under the action of the side support expansion and contraction system. This allows the upper support and the side supports to be connected, lifted upward, and expanded to both sides when needed, providing support for the slipform system during pouring. After the support body is in place, when it is pushed in the excavation direction of the excavation bench, quick centering and positioning of the entire support can be achieved under the action of the lateral positioning system, improving the positioning efficiency.

[0018] 2. For the quick positioning device described in the present invention, when pouring is not required, the upper support can be lowered until the fixed point of the upper support is below the operation platform of the excavation bench, and the side supports can be retracted into the side of the excavation bench, avoiding obstruction or interference to the movement of the excavation bench and other excavation operations by the support body during non-pouring operations. At the same time, it also prevents the support body and the slipform system from being damaged by impact and obstruction during the movement of the excavation bench.

[0019] 3. The slip form system of the present invention and the support body can be temporarily positioned with a pin shaft. During the pouring operation, even when the winch fails or other operation errors occur, the slip form system is still fixed in place, playing a dual insurance role for the slip form system together with the winch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the positioning device of the present invention in the pouring working state;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the retracted state of the positioning device after the pouring work of the present invention stops;

[0023] Figure 3 Top view of the positioning device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the slip form system and the side support of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the upper support system, the lateral positioning system and the side support on the side support of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the lower support system of the side support and the expansion and retraction system of the side support of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the upper support system and the slip form lifting system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the sliding system structure of the present invention;

[0029] Reference numerals in the drawings:

[0030] 1 - Excavation bench, 2 - Slip form system, 3 - Side support, 4 - Upper support, 5 - Connector, 6 - Upper support system of the side support, 7 - Lower support system of the side support, 8 - Expansion and retraction system of the side support, 9 - Lateral positioning system, 10 - Upper support system, 11 - Lifting bracket, 12 - Lifting jack, 13 - Pulling rope, 14 - Slip form lifting system, 15 - Temporary support rod of the upper support, 16 - Temporary support rod of the side support, 17 - Tunnel, 18 - Chute, 19 - V-shaped pulley, 20 - V-shaped slideway;

[0031] 201 - Slip form panel, 202 - Support screw rod, 203 - Slip form connecting frame, 204 - Chute I, 205 - Sliding wheel, 206 - Pin hole, 207 - Positioning hole, 208 - Pin shaft;

[0032] 61 - Upper support column, 62 - Side bracket upper support strip, 621 - Outer side bracket upper support strip, 622 - Inner side bracket upper support strip;

[0033] 71 - Lower support column, 72 - Side bracket lower support strip, 73 - Traveling wheel, 74 - Traveling groove, 75 - Limit block, 721 - Outer side bracket lower support strip, 722 - Inner side bracket lower support strip;

[0034] 81 - Chain block, 82 - Fixed pulley, 83 - Guide pulley, 84 - Hook I, 85 - Hook II, 86 - First tow rope, 87 - Second tow rope, 88 - Counterweight;

[0035] 101 - Upper bracket support column, 102 - Upper bracket support strip, 103 - Support plate, 104 - Hoist installation frame; 141 - Left hoist, 141 - Right hoist, 131 - Left pulling rope, 132 - Right pulling rope, 1021 - Outer upper bracket support strip, 1022 - Inner upper bracket support strip. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0037] As Figure 1-8A rapid positioning device for in-situ casting formwork of the initial support of a tunnel, as shown, includes an excavation bench 1, a slip form system 2, side brackets 3, and an upper bracket 4. The side brackets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper bracket. One slip form system is correspondingly arranged for each side bracket 3. The side brackets and the upper bracket are connected by a connecting piece 5, and the connecting piece is detachable. An upper support system 6 for the side brackets and a lower support system 7 for the side brackets are arranged on the excavation bench. The upper support system for the side brackets and the lower support system for the side brackets are respectively connected to the side brackets; the lower support system for the side brackets is connected to a retraction and expansion system 8 for the side brackets to realize the contraction and expansion of the side brackets; the upper support system for the side brackets is connected to a lateral positioning system 9 to realize the lateral positioning of the slip form system; the upper bracket is arranged corresponding to the middle of the excavation bench in the transverse direction, and the upper bracket is supported by an upper bracket support system 10. The upper bracket is arranged at the top of the upper bracket support system. The upper bracket support system is connected to the top of a lifting bracket 11, and the upper bracket support system realizes lifting by using a lifting jack 12; the slip form system can slide along the arc-shaped support body composed of the side brackets and the upper bracket. The slip form system is connected to a slip form lifting system 14 by a pulling rope 13, and the slip form lifting system is arranged on the upper bracket support system; after the side brackets and the upper bracket are connected into a whole, they can drive the slip form system to move along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel on the excavation bench.

[0038] The slip form system 2 includes a slip form panel 201, support screw rods 202, and a slip form connecting frame 203. The slip form panel is an arc-shaped plate located on the outer sides of the upper bracket and the side brackets. Chutes I204 are arranged on the outer surfaces of the upper bracket and the side brackets. The slip form panel is connected to the slip form connecting frame through support screw rods. The slip form connecting frame is located in the chute I. Sliding wheels 205 are arranged on the slip form connecting frame, and the sliding wheels are located in the chute I204 and can move along the chute I. The middle of the top surface of the slip form connecting frame is connected to the pulling rope, and the other end of the pulling rope is connected to the slip form lifting system 14.

[0039] Pin holes 206 are arranged at intervals along the arc length direction on both sides of the chute I204 of the upper bracket and the side brackets. Positioning holes 207 corresponding to the sizes of the pin holes are arranged on the slip form connecting frame. The temporary positioning of the slip form system is realized by using a pin shaft 208 to pass through the pin holes and the positioning holes; whenever the slip form system moves into place, it is positioned with a pin shaft. When the slip form system needs to be moved, the pin shaft is removed to enable the slip form system to move along the support body.

[0040] The upper support system 6 for the side brackets includes an upper support column 61 and a side bracket upper support strip 62. The side bracket upper support strip is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The top of the upper support column is fixedly connected to the side bracket. A sliding mechanism is arranged between the bottom end of the upper support column and the side bracket upper support strip, so that the upper support column can drive the side bracket to move along the length direction of the side bracket upper support strip. The side bracket upper support strip is connected to the lateral positioning system 9.

[0041] The lateral positioning system 9 includes a lateral jack 91 and a stop block 92. The stop block is fixed on the excavation bench 1 and faces the center of the cross-section of the excavation step. One end of the lateral jack is fixed to the stop block, and the other end is connected to the support bar 62 on the side support.

[0042] The lower support system 7 of the side support includes a lower support column 71 and a lower support bar 72 of the side support. The lower support bar of the side support is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The top of the lower support column is fixedly connected to the side support. A sliding mechanism is arranged between the bottom end of the lower support column and the lower support bar of the side support, so that the lower support column can drive the side support to move along the length direction of the lower support bar of the side support. A walking wheel 73 is arranged at the bottom of the lower support bar of the side support. A walking groove 74 facing the center of the cross-section is arranged on the excavation bench 1. The walking wheel moves along the walking groove. A limit block 75 is arranged at the outer end of the walking groove. The side support unfolding and folding system 8 is connected to the walking wheel.

[0043] The side support unfolding and folding system 8 includes a chain block 81, a fixed pulley 82 and a guide pulley 83. The guide pulley is arranged at the outer end of the excavation bench. The fixed pulley is fixed on the excavation bench 1 through a hook I 84. The chain block is connected to the fixed pulley and a hook II 85. The free end of the chain block is located at the fixed pulley. The hook II is connected to the walking wheel 73 through a first towing rope 86. The first towing rope can be removed from the hook II. A second towing rope 87 is arranged on the guide pulley. The inner end of the second towing rope is detachably connected to the walking wheel. A counterweight 88 is arranged at the outer end of the second towing rope. The working process of the side support unfolding and folding system is as follows: when it is necessary to unfold the side support outward, the first towing rope is removed from the hook II, and the second towing rope is fixed to the walking wheel through the guide pulley. The pulling force of the counterweight pulls the walking wheel to the outside of the excavation bench. The walking wheel drives the lower support system of the side support to move, so that the side support unfolds to both sides of the excavation bench until the side support can be connected to the upper support with a connecting piece and is connected and fixed with the connecting piece; when it is necessary to fold the side support, the second towing rope is disconnected from the fixed connection with the walking wheel, one end of the first towing rope is connected to the walking wheel, and the other end is connected to the hook II. Then, the free end of the chain block is pulled by hand, and the walking wheel drives the lower support system of the side support to move towards the center line direction of the cross-section of the excavation bench, realizing the contraction of the side support.

[0044] The upper support system 10 includes upper support columns 101, upper support bars 102 and a lifting bracket 11. The upper support columns are symmetrically arranged with respect to the midline of the upper support. The upper support bars are arranged on the support plate 102. The bottom end of the lifting jack 12 is fixedly installed at the outer end of the excavation bench with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the top of the lifting jack is connected to the support plate. The top end of the upper support column is fixedly connected to the upper support. The upper support bars are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. A sliding mechanism is arranged between the bottom end of the upper support column and the upper support bar, so that the upper support column can drive the upper support to move along the length direction of the upper support bar. The lifting bracket is connected to the support plate 103 and rises and falls with the lifting jack. The middle part of the height of the upper support column is connected through a winch mounting frame 104.

[0045] The slip form lifting system 14 includes a pulling rope and a winch. The winch is divided into a left winch 141 and a right winch 142. The pulling rope is divided into a left pulling rope 131 and a right pulling rope 132. The bottom end of the left pulling rope is connected to the slip form connecting frame on the left slip form system, and the top end passes through the upper support and is connected to the right winch. The bottom end of the right pulling rope is connected to the slip form connecting frame on the right slip form system, and the top end passes through the upper support and is connected to the left winch.

[0046] The length of the excavation bench 1 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is 4 times the length of the slip form system 2 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The slip form system, the upper support 4 and the side support 3 have the same length along the tunnel. For example, the length of the excavation bench along the depth direction of the tunnel is 8 meters, and the length of the slip form system along the depth direction of the tunnel is 2 meters.

[0047] The upper support bar 62, the lower support bar 72 of the side support and the upper support bar 102 of the upper support are consistent with the length direction of the excavation bench along the tunnel. The upper support bar, the lower support bar of the side support and the upper support bar of the upper support are disconnected on the outside of the excavation bench with respect to the tunnel to form an outer lower support bar 721 and an inner lower support bar 722, an outer upper support bar 621 and an inner upper support bar 622, and an outer upper support bar 1021 and an inner upper support bar 1022. The outer upper support bar can rise and fall with the lifting jack 12, and the outer lower support bar of the side support can move horizontally under the action of the side support expansion and contraction system 8. The transverse positioning system is connected to the inner upper support bar, and the inner lower support bar, the inner upper support bar and the inner upper support bar can move horizontally.

[0048] A sliding mechanism is arranged between the upper support column 61 and the upper support bar 62 of the side support, between the lower support column 61 and the lower support bar 62 of the side support, and between the upper support column 101 and the upper support bar 102 of the upper support. The sliding mechanism is such as Figure 8As shown, it includes a chute 18, a V-shaped pulley 19, and a V-shaped slideway 20. Open-up chutes are provided on the support bars on the side brackets, the support bars under the side brackets, and the support bars on the upper brackets, and V-shaped slideways are provided in the middle of the chutes. V-shaped pulleys are fixedly provided at the bottoms of the upper support columns, the lower support columns, and the support columns on the upper brackets. The V-shaped pulleys match the V-shaped slideways and can move on the V-shaped slideways. The lower support bar 721 of the outer side bracket and the lower support bar 722 of the inner side bracket are located on the same straight line and on the same horizontal plane in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the distance between their disconnections is much smaller than the diameter of the V-shaped pulley; the upper support bar 621 of the outer side bracket and the upper support bar 622 of the inner side bracket are located on the same straight line and on the same horizontal plane in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the distance between their disconnections is much smaller than the diameter of the V-shaped pulley; the upper support bar 1021 of the outer upper bracket and the upper support bar 1022 of the inner upper bracket are located on the same straight line and on the same horizontal plane in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the distance between their disconnections is much smaller than the diameter of the V-shaped pulley, enabling the V-shaped pulley to easily transition from the upper support bar of the outer upper bracket to the upper support bar of the inner upper bracket, and the same applies to other support bars.

[0049] Chutes I204 are respectively provided at both ends in the width direction of the side brackets and the upper brackets. The sliding wheels 205 on the slipform support connecting frame are provided corresponding to the chutes I. Sliding wheels are provided at both ends of the slipform system, which can make the slipform system operate more stably.

[0050] The positioning device of the present invention further includes temporary support rods 15 for the upper brackets and temporary support rods 16 for the side brackets. The temporary support rods for the upper brackets are respectively provided at both bottom ends of the upper brackets and are detachably connected to the upper brackets. The temporary support rods for the side brackets are provided at the bottom ends of each side bracket and are detachably connected to the side brackets. When the support body needs to be unfolded for pouring work, the temporary support rods are lowered and connected to the support. When the support body is retracted, the temporary support rods are removed. The temporary support rods are provided to play an auxiliary supporting role for the side brackets and the upper brackets during the pouring operation, avoiding deformation of the side brackets and the upper brackets after long-term pressure.

[0051] The working principle of the positioning device of the present invention is as follows:

[0052] When pouring is not required, the side brackets and the upper brackets are retracted to one end of the excavation bench away from the tunneling direction. When pouring concrete into the initial support of Tunnel 17 is needed, the lifting jack 12 is activated. The lifting jack lifts the support plate 103, causing the upper bracket support system 10 above the support plate to move upward with the upper bracket until the outer upper bracket support bar and the inner upper bracket support bar are on the same horizontal line. Then, the side bracket unfolding and retracting system 8 is used to unfold the two outer sides of the side bracket excavation bench until the upper end of the side bracket can be fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper bracket with available connectors to obtain the bracket body. After the fixed connection is completed, the bracket body is manually pushed. The upper support column, the lower support column, and the upper bracket support column drive the bracket body to move towards the tunneling end under the action of the sliding mechanism. When it moves to the position where pouring is required, it stops. Then, the telescoping of the transverse jack drives the bracket body to move left and right to achieve rapid centering and positioning. After positioning, the upper bracket temporary support rod 15 and the side bracket temporary support rod 16 are propped up to support the bracket body. After the above preparatory work is completed, the left winch and the right winch are activated to make the pulling rope drive the slip form system to move along the bracket body. After moving into place, the slip form system is positioned with a pin shaft, and then the concrete pouring operation can be started in the space between the slip form system and the tunnel initial support. After pouring is completed at one position, the slip form system continues to move upward until the slip form system reaches the top of the upper bracket to complete the pouring of the same circumferential position. Until the concrete pouring of the excavated tunnel initial support is completed, the bracket body is retracted for the next excavation operation.

[0053] When the bracket body is to be retracted, the entire bracket body is pushed to one end of the excavation bench away from the tunneling direction, so that the bracket body is completely located behind the outer side bracket lower support bar 721, the outer side bracket upper support bar 621, and the outer upper bracket support bar 1021. Then, the connection relationship between the upper bracket temporary support rod 15 and the side bracket temporary support rod 16 and the bracket body is released, and the connection between the side bracket and the upper bracket is removed by disassembling the connector. The upper bracket is lowered to the lowest point by using the lifting jack. At this time, the outer side bracket lower support bar descends with the support plate and the lifting jack. The first pulling rope is connected to the traveling wheel and the hook II, and the chain block is pulled by hand, and the traveling wheel drives the side bracket to contract towards the middle of the tunnel section.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0055] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only to illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A rapid positioning device for the in-situ casting formwork of the initial support of a tunnel, characterized in that: It includes an excavation bench (1), a slip form system (2), side brackets (3), and an upper bracket (4). The side brackets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper bracket. One slip form system is correspondingly arranged for each side bracket (3). The side brackets and the upper bracket are connected by a connecting piece (5), and the connecting piece is detachable. An upper support system (6) and a lower support system (7) of the side bracket are arranged on the excavation bench. The upper support system and the lower support system of the side bracket are respectively connected to the side bracket; the lower support system of the side bracket is connected to a side bracket retraction and extension system (8) to realize the retraction and extension of the side bracket; the upper support system of the side bracket is connected to a lateral positioning system (9) to realize the lateral positioning of the slip form system; the upper bracket is arranged corresponding to the middle part in the transverse direction of the excavation bench, and the upper bracket is supported by an upper bracket support system (10). The upper bracket is arranged at the top of the upper bracket support system. The upper bracket support system is connected to the top of a lifting bracket (11), and the upper bracket support system realizes lifting by using a lifting jack (12); the slip form system can slide along the arc-shaped support body composed of the side bracket and the upper bracket. The slip form system is connected to a slip form lifting system (14) through a pulling rope (13), and the slip form lifting system is arranged on the upper bracket support system; after the side bracket and the upper bracket are connected into a whole, they can drive the slip form system to move along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel on the excavation bench; the upper support system (6) of the side bracket includes an upper support column (61) and a side bracket upper support bar (62). The side bracket upper support bar is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The top of the upper support column is fixedly connected to the side bracket. A sliding mechanism is arranged between the bottom end of the upper support column and the side bracket upper support bar, so that the upper support column can drive the side bracket to move along the length direction of the side bracket upper support bar. The side bracket upper support bar is connected to the lateral positioning system (9).

2. The quick positioning device for in-situ casting formwork of tunnel primary support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slip form system (2) includes a slip form panel (201), support screw rods (202), and a slip form connecting frame (203). The slip form panel is an arc-shaped plate located outside the upper bracket and the side bracket. Chutes I (204) are arranged on the outer surfaces of the upper bracket and the side bracket. The slip form panel is connected to the slip form connecting frame through support screw rods. The slip form connecting frame is located in the chute I. Sliding wheels (205) are arranged on the slip form connecting frame. The sliding wheels are located in the chute I (204) and can move along the chute I. The middle part of the top surface of the slip form connecting frame is connected to the pulling rope, and the other end of the pulling rope is connected to the slip form lifting system (14).

3. The quick positioning device for in-situ casting formwork of tunnel primary support according to claim 2, wherein: Pin holes (206) are arranged at intervals along the arc length direction on both sides of the chute I (204) of the upper bracket and the side bracket. Positioning holes (207) corresponding to the size of the pin holes are arranged on the slip form connecting frame. The temporary positioning of the slip form system is realized by using a pin shaft (208) to pass through the pin holes and the positioning holes.

4. The quick positioning device for the initial support cast-in-place formwork of the tunnel according to claim 3, wherein: The lateral positioning system (9) includes a lateral jack (91) and a stop block (92). The stop block is fixed on the excavation bench (1) and faces the center of the cross section of the excavation step. One end of the lateral jack is fixed to the stop block, and the other end is connected to the side bracket upper support bar (62).

5. The quick positioning device for in-situ casting formwork of tunnel primary support according to claim 4, wherein: The side support lower support system (7) includes a lower support column (71) and a side support lower support bar (72). The side support lower support bar is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The top of the lower support column is fixedly connected to the side support, and a sliding mechanism is arranged between the bottom end of the lower support column and the side support lower support bar, so that the lower support column can drive the side support to move along the length direction of the side support lower support bar; walking wheels (73) are arranged at the bottom of the side support lower support bar, a walking groove (74) facing the center of the cross-section is arranged on the excavation bench (1), the walking wheels move along the walking groove, a limit block (75) is arranged at the outer end of the walking groove, and the side support expansion and contraction system (8) is connected to the walking wheels.

6. The quick positioning device for the in-situ casting formwork of the initial support of the tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The described side support expansion and contraction system (8) includes a chain block (81), a fixed pulley (82) and a guide pulley (83). The guide pulley is arranged at the outer end of the excavation bench. The fixed pulley is fixed on the excavation bench (1) through a hook I (84). The chain block is connected to the fixed pulley and a hook II (85). The free end of the chain block is located at the fixed pulley. The hook II is connected to the walking wheel (73) through a first traction rope (86). The first traction rope can be removed from the hook II. A second traction rope (87) is arranged on the guide pulley. The inner end of the second traction rope is detachably connected to the walking wheel, and a counterweight block (88) is arranged at the outer end of the second traction rope.

7. The quick positioning device for the initial support cast-in-place formwork of a tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper support support system (10) includes upper support columns (101), upper support bars (102) and a lifting bracket (11). The upper support columns are symmetrically arranged with respect to the midline of the upper support. The upper support bars are arranged on the support plate (102). The bottom end of the lifting jack (12) is fixedly installed at the outer end of the excavation bench with respect to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the top of the lifting jack is connected to the support plate; the top end of the upper support column is fixedly connected to the upper support, the upper support bars are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and a sliding mechanism is arranged between the bottom end of the upper support column and the upper support bar, so that the upper support column can drive the upper support to move along the length direction of the upper support bar; the lifting bracket is connected to the support plate (103) and moves up and down with the lifting jack; the middle part of the height of the upper support column is connected through a winch mounting frame (104).

8. The quick positioning device for in-situ casting formwork of the initial support of a tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slip form lifting system (14) includes a pulling rope and a winch. The winch is divided into a left winch (141) and a right winch (142). The pulling rope is divided into a left pulling rope (131) and a right pulling rope (132). The bottom end of the left pulling rope is connected to the slip form connecting frame on the left slip form system, and the top end passes through the upper support and is connected to the right winch; the bottom end of the right pulling rope is connected to the slip form connecting frame on the right slip form system, and the top end passes through the upper support and is connected to the left winch.

9. The quick positioning device for in-situ casting formwork of the initial support of a tunnel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The length of the excavation bench (1) in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is 4 times the length of the slip form system (2) in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The slip form system, the upper support (4), and the side supports (3) have the same length along the tunnel. The upper support bars (62) and lower support bars (72) of the side supports and the upper support bar (102) of the upper support are aligned with the excavation bench in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The upper support bars, lower support bars of the side supports, and the upper support bar of the upper support are disconnected on the outer side of the excavation bench relative to the tunnel to form the outer lower support bar (721) and the inner lower support bar (722), the outer upper support bar (621) and the inner upper support bar (622), and the outer upper support bar (1021) and the inner upper support bar (1022); the outer upper support bar can be lifted and lowered with the lifting jack (12), and the outer lower support bar of the side support can move horizontally under the action of the side support expansion and contraction system (8); the lateral positioning system is connected to the inner upper support bar, and the inner lower support bar, the inner upper support bar, and the inner upper support bar can move horizontally.

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