A communication method and a communication device

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method and a communication device, the method comprising: UPF determines to perform local switching, UPF requests a second delay from SMF, and obtains a third delay based on the first delay and the second delay, the third delay including the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device; and / or UPF determines that local switching is not required, requests a fourth delay from SMF, and obtains a fifth delay based on the first delay and the fourth delay, the fifth delay including the delay of the stream from the talker to UPF, the residence delay in the UPF, and the delay from the UPF to the TSN device. By using the embodiment of the present application, the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device and / or the delay of the stream from the talker to the TSN device can be determined in a simple manner, thereby determining the delay of the stream transmission and processing between the 5GS and TSN devices, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the stream.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] In the Time Sensitive Network (TSN) project of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the 5th generation wireless systems (5GS) are considered as a virtual time-sensitive networking (TSN) bridge. The external TSN network is adapted by superimposing the device side TSN translator (DS-TT) on the user equipment (UE) side and the network side TSN translator (NW-TT) on the user plane function (UPF) side. In the distributed TSN network, TSN bridge devices and terminal devices complete path planning, resource reservation and other functions through various distributed protocols.

[0003] An important distributed resource reservation protocol in TSN network is multiple stream reservation protocol (MSRP). However, when 5GS and TSN networks are interconnected, it is necessary to calculate the delay of stream transmission and processing between 5GS and TSN devices. Therefore, when 5GS and TSN networks are interconnected, determining the delay of stream transmission and processing between 5GS and TSN devices to ensure the transmission quality of the stream is a technical problem that technicians in this field are currently solving. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application disclose a communication method and a communication device, which can determine the delay of transmission processing of a stream between 5GS and TSN equipment, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the stream.

[0005] The first aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, the execution subject of the method may be a user plane function UPF network element, or a network device including a UPF network element, or a chip used in a network device. The following description is made by taking the execution subject as an example. A user plane function UPF network element receives first information, where the first information is used to indicate a first delay, where the first delay includes a delay in transmitting a flow from a flow service provider talker to a first terminal device, and a resident delay in the first terminal device; when the UPF determines to perform local switching, the UPF requests a second delay from a session management function SMF network element, and obtains a third delay based on the first delay and the second delay, where the second delay includes a packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to an uplink protocol data unit session PDU session and a downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, and the third delay includes a delay in transmitting a flow from the talker to the second terminal device; and / or when the UPF determines that local switching is not required, the UPF requests a fourth delay from the SMF, and obtains a fifth delay based on the first delay and the fourth delay, where the fourth delay includes a PDB value corresponding to an uplink PDU session of the UPF, and the fifth delay includes a delay in transmitting a flow from the talker to the UPF, a resident delay in the UPF, and a transmission delay from the UPF to a time-sensitive network TSN device.

[0006] For example, the first delay is X+a, the second delay is b+c, and the fourth delay is b. Accordingly, UPF determines that local switching is required, and obtains the third delay of X+a+b+c based on the first delay and the second delay; UPD determines that local switching is not required, and obtains the fifth delay of X+a+b+txPropogationDelay based on the first delay and the fourth delay, where txPropogationDelay represents the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the time-sensitive network TSN device.

[0007] In the above method, UPF receives the first delay in the first information, the first delay includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the first terminal device, and the resident delay in the first terminal device, and after determining to perform local switching, the delay of the flow from the talker to the second terminal device is obtained according to the first delay and the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session and the downlink PDU session of the UPF. In such a simple way, UPF can obtain the delay of the flow from the talker to the second terminal device, and / or, UPF receives the first delay in the first information, and after determining that local switching is not required, the delay of the flow from the talker to the UPF, the resident delay in the UPF, and the transmission delay from the UPF to the TSN device are obtained according to the first delay and the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the UPF. In such a simple way, UPF can obtain the delay of the flow from the talker to the TSN device, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the flow.

[0008] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the two adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, UPF can request the second delay and / or the fourth delay from SMF. The second delay and / or the fourth delay is the transmission delay of the flow between UPF and the terminal device UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0009] For example, the first delay may include a maximum transmission delay of the stream from a stream service provider talker to a first terminal device, and a residence delay in the first terminal device.

[0010] The second aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, the execution subject of the method may be a user plane function UPF network element, or a network device including a UPF network element, or a chip used in a network device. The following description is taken as an example that the execution subject is UPF. The user plane function UPF network element receives first information, and the first information is used to indicate a sixth delay, and the sixth delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the UPF; the UPF requests a seventh delay from the session management function SMF network element, and obtains a third delay based on the sixth delay and the seventh delay, and the seventh delay includes the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the terminal device.

[0011] For example, the sixth delay is X, the seventh delay is c, and the UPF obtains the third delay as X+c according to the sixth delay and the seventh delay.

[0012] In the above method, UPF receives the sixth delay in the first information, that is, the delay of the stream being transmitted from the talker to the UPF, and after determining that local switching is not required, obtains the delay of the stream being transmitted from the talker to the terminal device according to the delay of the stream being transmitted from the talker to the UPF and the PDB value corresponding to the downlink PDU session of the UPF. In such a simple way, UPF can add the delay of the stream being transmitted from the talker to the UPF to the transmission and processing delay of the stream from the UPF to the terminal device, thereby obtaining the delay of the stream being transmitted from the talker to the terminal device, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the stream.

[0013] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, UPF can request the seventh delay from SMF. The seventh delay is the transmission delay of the flow between UPF and the terminal device UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0014] For example, the sixth delay may be the maximum transmission delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the UPF.

[0015] The third aspect of an embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, and an example of an execution subject of the method is: if it is uplink, the first device may be a terminal device or a chip used in a terminal device; if it is downlink, the first device may be a UPF, or a network device including a UPF, or a chip used in a network device.

[0016] Another example of the execution subject in the method disclosed in the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application is: the first device and the second device can both be terminal devices or chips used in terminal devices.

[0017] The following description is made by taking the execution subject as the first device as an example. The first device receives the first information, the first information is used to indicate the delay A, and the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first device; the first device sends a request message to the session management function SMF network element to request the delay B, and the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; the first device receives the delay B from the SMF; the first device obtains the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, and the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device; the first device determines the second information, and the second information includes the delay C; the first device sends the second information to the second device.

[0018] In the above method, the first device obtains the delay C of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device based on the delay A of the flow from the talker to the first device and the delay B from the SMF, where the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second TSN device. Then the first device sends the second information to the second device, and the second information includes the delay C, which is the updated delay. In such a simple way, the first device determines the delay of the flow from the input interface of the 5GS system to the second TSN device, that is, only the first device, that is, the input interface device in the 5GS system, needs to update the delay, and no other network elements or devices in the 5GS system need to be operated, which is simple and convenient.

[0019] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the two adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, the first device can request a delay B by sending a request message to SMF. The delay B is the transmission delay between the flow in the 5GS system input interface device, such as UPF and the 5GS system output interface device, such as UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0020] In one example, the first device sends a request message to a session management function SMF network element, including: the request message sent by the first device to the SMF carries the delay A.

[0021] In another example, the first device receives the delay B from the SMF, including: the first device receives the delay B and the delay A from the SMF.

[0022] The fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, and an example of the execution subject of the method is: if it is uplink, the second device may be a UPF, or a network device including a UPF, or a chip used in a network device; if it is downlink, the second device may be a terminal device or a chip used in a terminal device.

[0023] Another example of the execution subject in the method disclosed in the fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present application is: the first device and the second device can both be terminal devices or chips used in terminal devices.

[0024] The following description is made by taking the execution subject as the second device as an example. The second device receives the first information, the first information is used to indicate the delay A, and the delay A includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device; the second device sends a request message to the session management function SMF network element to request the delay B, and the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the stream from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; the second device receives the delay B sent by the SMF; the second device obtains the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, and the delay C includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second TSN device; the second device determines the second information, and the second information includes the delay C; the second device sends the second information to the second TSN device.

[0025] In the above method, the second device obtains the delay C of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device based on the delay A of the flow from the talker to the first device and the delay B from the SMF, where the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second TSN device. Then the second device sends the second information to the second TSN device, and the second information includes the delay C, which is the updated delay. In such a simple way, the second device determines the delay of the flow from the input interface of the 5GS system to the second TSN device. That is to say, only the second device, that is, the output interface device in the 5GS system, needs to update the delay, and no other network elements or devices in the 5GS system need to be operated, which is simple and convenient.

[0026] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, the second device can send a request message to SMF to request a delay B. The delay B is the transmission delay of the flow between the 5GS system input interface device and the 5GS system output interface device. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0027] In one example, the second device sends a request message to a session management function SMF network element, including: the request message sent by the second device to the SMF carries the delay A.

[0028] In another example, the second device receives the delay B sent by the SMF, including: the second device receives the delay B and the delay A sent by the SMF.

[0029] The fifth aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, the execution subject of the method can be a terminal device, or a chip applied to the terminal device. The following description is taken as an example that the execution subject is the first terminal device. The first terminal device receives the first information, and the first information is used to indicate the eighth delay, and the eighth delay includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first terminal device; the first terminal device determines the first delay according to the eighth delay, and the first delay includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the first terminal device, and the residence delay in the first terminal device; the first terminal device sends the second information to the user plane function UPF network element, and the second information includes the first delay.

[0030] For example, the eighth delay is X, and the first terminal device determines the first delay as X+a according to the eighth delay, where a represents the residence delay of the flow in the first terminal device.

[0031] In the above method, the first terminal device, that is, the input interface device in the 5GS system, determines the first delay according to the eighth delay of the stream transmitted from the talker to the first terminal device, and the first delay includes the delay of the stream transmitted from the talker to the first terminal device and the residence delay in the first terminal device, and then sends the second information to the UPF, the second information includes the first delay, that is, the updated delay. In such a simple way, the first terminal device updates the delay, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the stream.

[0032] The sixth aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, the execution subject of the method can be a terminal device, or a chip applied to the terminal device. The following description is taken as an example that the execution subject is a second terminal device. The second terminal device receives the first information, and the first information is used to indicate the third delay, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the second terminal device; the second terminal device determines the ninth delay based on the third delay, and the ninth delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device, the residence delay in the second terminal device, and the transmission delay from the second terminal device to the time-sensitive network TSN device.

[0033] The second terminal device sends second information to the TSN device, where the second information includes the ninth time delay.

[0034] For example, the third delay is X, and the second terminal device determines the ninth delay as X+a+txPropogationDelay based on the third delay, where a represents the residence delay of the flow in the second terminal device, and txPropogationDelay represents the transmission delay of the flow from the second terminal device to the TSN device.

[0035] In the above method, the second terminal device, that is, the output interface device in the 5GS system, determines the ninth delay according to the third delay of the stream transmitted from the talker to the second terminal device. The ninth delay includes the delay of the stream transmitted from the talker to the second terminal device, the residence delay in the second terminal device, and the transmission delay from the second terminal device to the TSN device. Then, the second information is sent to the TSN device. The second information includes the ninth delay, that is, the updated delay. In such a simple way, the second terminal device updates the delay, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the stream.

[0036] The seventh aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, the execution subject of the method may be a session management function SMF, or a network device including an SMF network element, or a chip used in a network device. The following description is made by taking the execution subject being SMF as an example. The session management function SMF network element receives request information from the user plane function UPF network element, which is used to request the second delay and / or the fourth delay; the SMF determines to perform local switching, and the SMF sends the second delay to the UPF, the second delay includes the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the uplink protocol data unit session PDU session and the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, and the second delay is used by the UPF to obtain the third delay according to the first delay and the second delay, the first delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first terminal device, and the residence delay in the first terminal device, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device; and / or the SMF determines that local switching is not required, and the SMF sends the fourth delay to the UPF, and the fourth delay includes the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the UPF.

[0037] For example, the first delay is X+a, and the second delay is b+c, where b represents the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of UPF, and c represents the PDB value corresponding to the downlink PDU session of UPF. SMF determines to perform local switching, and SMF sends the second delay b+c to UPF. Correspondingly, SMF determines that local switching is not required and sends a fourth delay b to UPF.

[0038] In the above method, after SMF determines whether local switching is required, the second delay and / or the fourth delay is sent to UPF, which facilitates UPF to obtain the third delay based on the first delay and the second delay, and / or obtain the fifth delay based on the first delay and the fourth delay, so as to update the delay and ensure the transmission quality of the flow. In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE is calculated, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between two adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, the second delay and / or the fourth delay are sent directly to UPF through SMF. The second delay and / or the fourth delay are the transmission delay of the flow between UPF and the terminal device UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the scheme of the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0039] For example, the first delay may include a maximum transmission delay of the stream from a stream service provider talker to a first terminal device, and a residence delay in the first terminal device.

[0040] The eighth aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, the execution subject of the method may be a session management function SMF, or a network device including an SMF network element, or a chip used in a network device. The following description is made by taking the execution subject being SMF as an example. The session management function SMF network element receives request information from the user plane function UPF, which is used to request the seventh delay; the SMF sends the seventh delay to the UPF, and the seventh delay includes the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, and the seventh delay is used by the UPF to obtain the third delay based on the sixth delay and the seventh delay, and the sixth delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the UPF, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0041] For example, the seventh delay is c, the sixth delay is X, SMF sends the seventh delay c to UPF, and accordingly, UPF obtains the third delay as X+c based on the sixth delay and the seventh delay.

[0042] In the above method, UPF obtains the third delay according to the sixth delay and the seventh delay of the flow from the talker to the UPF, the seventh delay includes the PDB value corresponding to the downlink PDU session of the UPF, and the third delay includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second terminal device. Then send the second information to the terminal device, the second information includes the third delay, that is, the updated delay, and the delay is updated in such a simple way to ensure the transmission quality of the flow. In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of the flow from the UPF to the terminal device UE is calculated, it is necessary to synchronize the clocks between the two adjacent nodes between the UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between the UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In this scheme, the seventh delay is sent directly to the UPF through the SMF. The seventh delay is the transmission delay of the flow between the UPF and the terminal device UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0043] For example, the sixth delay may include the maximum transmission delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the UPF.

[0044] The ninth aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, the execution subject of the method may be a session management function SMF, or a network device including an SMF network element, or a chip used in a network device. The following description is taken as an example that the execution subject is SMF. The session management function SMF network element receives a request message from a first device, and the request message is used to request a delay B, and the delay B includes a bridge delay and a transmission delay of a stream from a second device to a second time-sensitive network TSN device; the SMF sends the delay B to the first device, and the delay B is used by the first device to obtain a delay C based on the delay A and the delay B, and the delay A includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device, and the delay C includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second TSN device.

[0045] In the above method, the first device obtains the delay C of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device based on the delay A of the flow from the talker to the first device and the delay B from the SMF, where the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second TSN device. Then the first device sends the second information to the second device, and the second information includes the delay C, which is the updated delay. In such a simple way, the first device determines the delay of the flow from the input interface of the 5GS system to the second TSN device, that is, only the first device, that is, the input interface device in the 5GS system, needs to update the delay, and no other network elements or devices in the 5GS system need to be operated, which is simple and convenient.

[0046] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, SMF directly sends a request delay B to the first device. The delay B is the transmission delay between the flow in the 5GS system input interface device, such as UPF and the 5GS system output interface device, such as UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0047] In one example, the request message of the first device carries the delay A.

[0048] In another example, when the request message of the first device carries the delay A, the SMF sends the delay B to the first device, including: the SMF sends the delay B and the delay A to the first device.

[0049] The tenth aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication method, the execution subject of the method may be a session management function SMF, or a network device including an SMF network element, or a chip used in a network device. The following description is taken as an example that the execution subject is SMF. The session management function SMF network element receives a request message from a second device, and the request message is used to request a delay B, and the delay B includes a bridge delay and a transmission delay of a stream from the second device to a second time-sensitive network TSN device; the SMF sends the delay B to the second device; the delay B is used by the second device to obtain a delay C based on the delay A and the delay B, and the delay A includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device, and the delay C includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second TSN device.

[0050] In the above method, the second device obtains the delay C of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device based on the delay A of the flow from the talker to the first device and the delay B from the SMF, where the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second TSN device. Then the second device sends the second information to the second TSN device, and the second information includes the delay C, which is the updated delay. In such a simple way, the second device determines the delay of the flow from the input interface of the 5GS system to the second TSN device. That is to say, only the second device, that is, the output interface device in the 5GS system, needs to update the delay, and no other network elements or devices in the 5GS system need to be operated, which is simple and convenient.

[0051] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the two adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In this scheme, SMF directly sends a request delay B to the second device. The delay B is the transmission delay between the flow in the 5GS system input interface device, such as UPF and the 5GS system output interface device, such as UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0052] In one example, the request message of the second device carries the delay A.

[0053] In another example, when the request message of the second device carries the delay A, the SMF sends the delay B to the second device, including: the SMF sends the delay B and the delay A to the second device.

[0054] The eleventh aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication device, and the beneficial effects can be found in the description of the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, the seventh aspect, the eighth aspect, the ninth aspect or the tenth aspect, which will not be repeated here. The communication device has the function of implementing the behavior in the method example of the first aspect, the second aspect, the third aspect, the fourth aspect, the seventh aspect, the eighth aspect, the ninth aspect or the tenth aspect. The function can be implemented by hardware, or the corresponding software can be implemented by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.

[0055] In one possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module, used to receive first information, the first information is used to indicate a first delay, the first delay includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first terminal device, and the resident delay in the first terminal device; a processing module, used to request a second delay from the session management function SMF network element when determining to perform local switching, and obtain a third delay according to the first delay and the second delay, the second delay includes the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the uplink protocol data unit session PDU session and the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the device, and the third delay includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second terminal device; and / or determine that local switching is not required, request a fourth delay from the SMF, and obtain a fifth delay according to the first delay and the fourth delay, the fourth delay includes the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the device, and the fifth delay includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the device, the resident delay in the device, and the transmission delay from the device to the time-sensitive network TSN device. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned first aspect method example. Please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0056] In another possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module for receiving first information, the first information is used to indicate a sixth delay, the sixth delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the device; the processing module is used to request a seventh delay from the session management function SMF network element, and obtain a third delay according to the sixth delay and the seventh delay, the seventh delay includes the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the downlink protocol data unit session PDUsession of the device, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned second aspect method example, please refer to the detailed description in the method example, which will not be repeated here.

[0057] In another possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module for receiving first information, the first information is used to indicate delay A, the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the device; the transceiver module is used to send a request message to the session management function SMF network element, for requesting delay B, the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device, and receiving the delay B from the SMF. The processing module is used to obtain delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, and the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device; the device determines the second information, and the second information includes the delay C; the transceiver module is also used to send the second information to the second device. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned third aspect method example, please refer to the detailed description in the method example, which will not be repeated here.

[0058] In another possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module for receiving first information, the first information is used to indicate delay A, the delay A includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device; the transceiver module is also used to send a request message to the session management function SMF network element, for requesting delay B, the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the stream from the device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device, and for receiving the delay B sent by the SMF; a processing module is used to obtain delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, the delay C includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second TSN device; and for determining second information, the second information includes the delay C; the transceiver module is also used to send the second information to the second TSN device. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned fourth aspect method example, please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0059] In another possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module for receiving request information from a user plane function UPF network element, for requesting a second delay and / or a fourth delay; a processing module for determining to perform local switching, a transceiver module for sending the second delay to the UPF, the second delay including the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the uplink protocol data unit session PDU session and the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, the second delay is used by the UPF to obtain a third delay based on the first delay and the second delay, the first delay including the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first terminal device, and the resident delay in the first terminal device, the third delay including the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device; and / or the processing module for determining that local switching is not required, the transceiver module for sending the fourth delay to the UPF, the fourth delay including the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the UPF. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned seventh aspect method example, please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0060] In another possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module for receiving request information from a user plane function UPF, and for requesting a seventh delay; the transceiver module sends the seventh delay to the UPF, the seventh delay includes a packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to a downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, the seventh delay is used by the UPF to obtain a third delay based on the sixth delay and the seventh delay, the sixth delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the UPF, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned eighth aspect method example, please refer to the detailed description in the method example, which will not be repeated here.

[0061] In another possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module for receiving a request message from a first device, the request message is used to request a delay B, the delay B includes a bridge delay and a transmission delay of a stream from a second device to a second time-sensitive network TSN device; the transceiver module is used to send the delay B to the first device, the delay B is used by the first device to obtain a delay C based on the delay A and the delay B, the delay A includes the delay of a stream from a stream service provider talker to the first device, and the delay C includes the delay of a stream from the talker to the second TSN device. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned ninth aspect method example, please refer to the detailed description in the method example, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] In another possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module for receiving a request message from a second device, the request message is used to request a delay B, the delay B includes a bridge delay and a transmission delay of a stream from the second device to a second time-sensitive network TSN device; the transceiver module is used to send the delay B to the second device; the delay B is used by the second device to obtain a delay C based on the delay A and the delay B, the delay A includes the delay of a stream from a stream service provider talker to a first device, and the delay C includes the delay of a stream from the talker to the second TSN device. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned method example of the tenth aspect, please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0063] The twelfth aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication device. The beneficial effects can be found in the third aspect. The description of the fourth aspect, the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect is not repeated here. The communication device has the function of implementing the behavior in the method example of the third aspect, the fourth aspect, the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect. The function can be implemented by hardware or by executing corresponding software implementation by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.

[0064] In one possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module, used to receive first information, the first information is used to indicate an eighth delay, and the eighth delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the device; a processing module, used to determine the first delay according to the eighth delay, the first delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the first terminal device, and the residence delay in the device; the transceiver module is used to send second information to the user plane function UPF network element, and the second information includes the first delay. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned fifth aspect method example, please refer to the detailed description in the method example, which will not be repeated here.

[0065] In one possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module for receiving first information, the first information is used to indicate a third delay, the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the device; the processing module is used to determine a ninth delay based on the third delay, the ninth delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the device, the residence delay in the device, and the transmission delay from the device to the time-sensitive network TSN device. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned sixth aspect method example, please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0066] In another possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module for receiving first information, the first information is used to indicate delay A, the delay A includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talkcr to the device; the transceiver module is used to send a request message to the session management function SMF network element, for requesting delay B, the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the stream from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device, and receiving the delay B from the SMF. The processing module is used to obtain delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, and the delay C includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second TSN device. The device determines the second information, and the second information includes the delay C; the transceiver module is also used to send the second information to the second device. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned third aspect method example, please refer to the detailed description in the method example, which will not be repeated here.

[0067] In another possible design, the communication device includes: a transceiver module for receiving first information, the first information is used to indicate delay A, and the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first device; the transceiver module is also used to send a request message to the session management function SMF network element to request delay B, the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device, and is used to receive the delay B sent by the SMF; a processing module is used to obtain delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device; and is used to determine the second information, the second information includes the delay C; the transceiver module is also used to send the second information to the second TSN device. These modules can perform the corresponding functions in the above-mentioned fourth aspect method example, please refer to the detailed description in the method example for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0068] The thirteenth aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication device, which may be a terminal device in the above method embodiment, or a chip set in the terminal device. The communication device includes a communication interface and a processor, and optionally, also includes a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program or instruction, and the processor is coupled to the memory and the communication interface. When the processor executes the computer program or instruction, the communication device executes the method executed by the terminal device in the above aspects.

[0069] The fourteenth aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a communication device, which can be the network device in the above-mentioned aspects, or a chip set in the network device, or a network device including a UPF network element, or a UPF network element, or an SMF network element, or a network device including an SMF network element. The communication device includes a communication interface and a processor, and optionally, also includes a memory. The memory is used to store computer programs or instructions, and the processor is coupled to the memory and the communication interface. When the processor executes the computer program or instruction, the communication device executes the method executed by the network device in the above aspects.

[0070] A fifteenth aspect of an embodiment of the present application discloses a computer program product, which includes: a computer program, which, when executed, enables the methods performed by a terminal device in the above aspects to be executed.

[0071] A sixteenth aspect of an embodiment of the present application discloses a computer program product, which includes: a computer program, which, when run, enables the methods performed by the network device, UPF network element, or SMF network element in the above aspects to be executed.

[0072] The seventeenth aspect of the embodiment of the present application discloses a chip system, which includes a processor for implementing the functions of the terminal side device in the above-mentioned methods. In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory for storing program instructions and / or data. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0073] In aspect 18 of the embodiments of the present application, a chip system is disclosed, which includes a processor for implementing the functions of the network side device in the above-mentioned methods. In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory for storing program instructions and / or data. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0074] A nineteenth aspect of an embodiment of the present application discloses a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the methods performed by the terminal side device in the above aspects are implemented.

[0075] The twentieth aspect of an embodiment of the present application discloses a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the methods performed by the network side device in the above aspects are implemented.

[0076] A twenty-first aspect of an embodiment of the present application discloses a communication system, including the devices described in the above-mentioned eleventh and twelfth aspects, or including the devices described in the thirteenth and fourteenth aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0077] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Figure 2 is a flow chart of an MSRP provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a delay update of an MSRP process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] Figure 4-a This is a 5GS system architecture diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] Figure 4-b This is a 5GS system architecture diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] Figure 4-c This is a 5GS system architecture diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] Figure 4-d This is a 5GS system architecture diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] Figure 5 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Figure 6 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] Figure 7 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] Figure 8 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] Fig. 9is a flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] Fig.10 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] Fig.11 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] Fig.12 is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] Fig.13 is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] Fig.14 is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0094] Fig.15 It is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0095] The embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0096] See also Figure 1 , Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication system 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication system 1000 includes a time-sensitive networking (TSN) device 1001, a fifth generation wireless system (5GS) 1008, and a TSN device 1007. The TSN device 1001 and the TSN device 1007 may be a programmable logic controller, a data acquisition device, etc. that can access Ethernet. In addition to the 5GS system, there may also be switches, routers, bridges, etc. with time-sensitive network functions between the TSN device 1001 and the TSN device 1007, and the number may be zero, one, or more. The flow may reach the TSN device 1007 from the TSN device 1001 via the 5GS system, or may reach the TSN device 1001 from the TSN device 1007 via the 5GS system. Among them, the 5GS system 1008 includes a device side time sensitive network translator (DS-TT) 1002, a user equipment (UE) 1003, wherein the UE may also be referred to as a terminal device, a user plane function (UPF) network element 1004, a network side time sensitive network translator (NW-TT) 1005 and a session management function (SMF) network element 1006. DS-TT may be embedded in or externally mounted in the UE, and NW-TT may be embedded in or externally mounted in the UPF, which is not limited in this method. UPF is a data plane network element, and the access and mobility management function (AMF) and SMF are control plane network elements. The UE may establish multiple protocol data unit (PDU) sessions, and the data belonging to the session is transmitted between the radio access network function entity (RAN) and the UPF through the PDUsession. AMF is responsible for mobility management and is connected to RAN. SMF is responsible for session management and is connected to UPF. Policy control function (PCF) network element is responsible for policy control and is connected to SMF. The flow involved in the embodiment of the present application may be a quality of service (QoS) flow. The QoS flow may be a QoS flow with deterministic transmission requirements.

[0097] It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited to Figure 1 For example, a communication system to which the communication method of the embodiment of the present application can be applied may include more or fewer network elements or devices. Figure 1 The equipment or network element in the network can be hardware, functionally divided software, or a combination of the two. Figure 1 Devices or network elements in a network can communicate through other devices or network elements.

[0098] Time-sensitive network (TSN) is a new generation network standard based on Ethernet, which has functions such as time synchronization and delay guarantee to ensure real-time performance. In the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) TSN, the 5GS system as a whole is regarded as a virtual TSN bridge. The external TSN system is adapted by superimposing the function module DS-TT on the UE side and the function module NW-TT on the UPF side. In the distributed TSN system, TSN bridge devices (including traditional TSN bridges and 5GS systems, i.e., virtual TSN bridges) and terminal devices complete path planning, resource reservation and other functions through various distributed protocols. An important distributed resource reservation protocol in the TSN system is the multiple stream reservation protocol (MSRP).

[0099] The working principle of MSRP is as follows: In order to ensure the quality of data transmission, the stream service provider talker can use MSRP to reserve bandwidth resources of all bridges along the way from talker to listener before sending the stream to the stream service receiver listener. For ease of understanding, talker and listener can be terminal devices, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The flow chart representing MSRP is as follows:

[0100] First, the talker sends a stream service provider broadcast declaration message, which includes one or more parameters, including the flow traffic characteristics TrafficSpec, such as the amount of bandwidth required for the flow, the sending period, etc. The message can also include an accumulated delay field (Accumulated Latency) to describe the accumulated delay information. Then, after bridge 1, bridge 2 or other bridges on the path between the talker and the listener receive the talker's stream service provider broadcast declaration message, they determine whether the local remaining available resources meet the resource reservation requirements based on the TrafficSpec. If the resource reservation requirements cannot be met, the talker's stream service provider broadcast declaration message will no longer be forwarded downstream; if the resource reservation requirements can be met, the value of the accumulated delay field will be updated, and the talker's stream service provider broadcast declaration message will continue to be forwarded downstream. After the listener receives the talker's stream service provider broadcast declaration message, it determines whether the time consumed by the path from the talker to the listener is acceptable to the application layer based on the value of the accumulated delay field. If it is acceptable, listcncr replies with a Listcncr Ready Declaration message along the path. Then bridge 1, bridge 2, or other bridges on the path between talker and listener perform actual resource reservation after receiving the Ready Declaration message and continue to forward the Ready Declaration message upstream. After receiving the Ready Declaration message, talker determines that the resource reservation process has ended and starts sending the stream.

[0101] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 Indicates the delay update of the MSRP process. From talker to listener, it passes through bridge 1 (ordinary bridge) and 5G bridge (5GS system). The talker sends a stream service provider broadcast announcement message to bridge 1. The initial value of the cumulative delay field in the message is a, which indicates the maximum possible time for the stream to go from the talker's outbound interface to the inbound interface of bridge 1. After bridge 1 receives the stream service provider broadcast announcement message, it adds b to the initial value a of the cumulative delay field, which indicates the maximum possible time for the stream to go from the inbound interface of bridge 1 to the inbound interface of the 5G bridge. After the 5G bridge receives the stream service provider broadcast announcement message, it adds c to a+b of the cumulative delay field, which indicates the maximum possible time for the stream to go from the inbound interface of the 5G bridge to the inbound interface of the listener.

[0102] As mentioned above, after receiving the broadcast declaration message from the stream service provider, the 5GS system as a virtual bridge needs to accumulate the maximum time from the input interface of the 5GS system to the input interface of the next-hop device based on the cumulative delay domain value. The next-hop device can be the next hop of the 5GS system. The maximum time from the input interface of the 5GS system to the input interface of the next-hop device can be recorded as T. Since there are many possible architectures within the 5GS system, such as Figure 4-a , Figure 4-b , Figure 4-c and Figure 4-d As shown, Figure 4-a Indicates that the flow enters from the UE and exits from the UPF; Figure 4-b Indicates that the flow enters from UPF and exits from UE; Figure 4-c Indicates that the traffic enters from the UE, passes through the UPF, and then exits from the same UE; Figure 4-d Indicates that the flow enters from UE1, passes through UPF, and then exits from UE2. The value of T is different in different architectures. Based on the existing research on the 3rd generation partnership project release 16 (3GPP Rel-16) protocol, the control plane network elements AMF and SMF in 5GS determine all the elements that make up T, including UE-DS-TT Residence Time, packet delay budget (PDB) value, bridge delay 5GS bridge delay and txPropogationDelay. Among them, UE-DS-TT residence time is the total time consumed for transmission and processing of the flow between DS-TT and UE, and the PDB value is the delay of transmission and processing of the flow between UPF and UE (which may include the processing delay inside UPF). Figure 4-c and Figure 4-d In the architecture, the 5GS bridge delay is the sum of the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session and downlink PDU session of the UPF and the UE-DS-TT ResidenceTime of the inbound and outbound interfaces. Figure 4-a and Figure 4-bIn the architecture, 5GS bridge delay is the sum of the PDB value corresponding to the uplink or downlink PDU session and the UE-DS-TT Residence Time of the input or output interface, and txPropogationDelay is the maximum time taken for the flow to travel from the output interface of the 5GS system to the input interface of the next-hop device. Based on the existing research results of the 3GPP Release 16 protocol, the network element UPF (including NW-TT) or UE (including DS-TT) corresponding to the output interface in the 5GS system can obtain the value of txPropogationDelay using the IEEE 802.1Q protocol. Therefore, txPropogationDelay is known information for the output interface network element in the 5GS system. In addition, each UE knows its own UE-DS-TT residence time value, so the data plane network element UE and UPF in the 5GS do not know the value of the PDB value and the 5GS bridge delay. Therefore, how to determine the delay of the transmission and processing of the flow between the 5GS system and the TSN device when the 5GS and TSN networks are interoperable, so as to ensure the transmission quality of the flow is a technical problem to be solved by people in this field.

[0103] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 is a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 The method shown can be applied to the above Figure 4-c or Figure 4-d In the architecture, the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0104] Step S501: a time sensitive network TSN device or a streaming service provider talker sends first information to a first terminal device.

[0105] Step S502: The first terminal device receives first information from a time sensitive network TSN device or a streaming service provider talker.

[0106] Specifically, the first information is used to indicate an eighth delay, and the eighth delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first terminal device. For example, the eighth delay is the maximum transmission delay of the stream from the talker to the first terminal device. The talker refers to the host or server that provides the stream and is the source of the stream. The first terminal device refers to the input interface device of the stream in the 5GS system.

[0107] Specifically, the first information may be carried in a talker advertise declaration message. The talker advertise declaration message may be used to broadcast the QoS requirements corresponding to the broadcast flow.

[0108] Specifically, in addition to the first information, the stream service provider broadcast announcement message may also carry a stream identity (Stream ID). In addition, the stream service provider broadcast announcement message may also carry one or more of the following information: destination address (destination_address), source address (source_address), maximum frame size (MaxFrameSize), maximum frame interval (MaxIntervalFrames), frame priority (PriorityAndRank), maximum allowable delay of a single frame of the stream from the talker to the listener, reliability requirements of the stream or reasons for resource reservation failure (FailureInformation).

[0109] For example, the first terminal device receives first information, where the first information is used to indicate the eighth delay X.

[0110] Step S503: The first terminal device determines the first delay according to the eighth delay.

[0111] Specifically, the first delay includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the first terminal device, and the residence delay in the first terminal device. For example, the first delay is the maximum transmission delay of the flow from the talker to the first terminal device, and the residence delay in the first terminal device. The residence delay of the flow in the first terminal device refers to the transmission and processing delay of the flow in the first terminal device, which can also be called the maximum time consumed by the flow in the first terminal device, or the total time consumed for transmission and processing of the flow between the device-side delay-sensitive network converter DS-TT and the UE. For example, the residence delay in the first terminal device is the UE-DS-TT residence time.

[0112] Specifically, a possible manner in which the first terminal device determines the first delay according to the eighth delay includes: the first terminal device adds a predefined or default value on the basis of the eighth delay to obtain the first delay, and the predefined or default value may be a residence delay of the flow in the first terminal device. Of course, the first terminal device may also determine the first delay according to the eighth delay in other ways, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0113] For example, if the eighth delay is X, the first terminal device adds a to the eighth delay X, so that the first delay is X+a, where X represents the delay of the stream from the talker to the first terminal device, and a represents the residence delay of the stream in the first terminal device.

[0114] Step S504: The first terminal device sends the second information to the user plane function UPF network element.

[0115] Specifically, the second information includes the first delay. The second information may be carried in a stream service provider broadcast declaration (Talker Advertise Declaration) message.

[0116] For example, after the first terminal device determines the first delay, the eighth delay in the streaming service provider broadcast announcement message received by the first terminal device can be modified to the first delay, and then the first terminal device sends the modified streaming service provider broadcast announcement message to the UPF. In other words, the first terminal device can send the second information to the UPF through the streaming service provider broadcast announcement message, and the second information includes the first delay.

[0117] Step S505: UPF receives second information from the first terminal device.

[0118] Specifically, the second information is used to indicate a first delay, where the first delay includes a delay in transmitting the stream from the talkcr to the first terminal device and a resident delay in the first terminal device.

[0119] For example, UPF receives second information from a first terminal device, where the second information is used to indicate a first delay, which is (X+a), where X refers to the delay in transmitting the stream from the talker to the first terminal device, and a refers to the residence delay of the stream in the first terminal device.

[0120] Step S506: UPF determines to perform local switching.

[0121] Specifically, local switching may refer to UPF receiving second information from a first terminal device and sending third information to the first terminal device, wherein the second information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the first terminal device and the resident delay in the first terminal device, and the third information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the output interface device of the 5GS, that is, the first terminal device. Alternatively, local switching may also refer to UPF receiving second information from a first terminal device and sending third information to a second terminal device, wherein the second information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the first terminal device and the resident delay in the first terminal device, and the third information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0122] For example, Figure 4-c As shown, if the UPF receives the second information from the terminal device UE and sends the third information to the terminal device UE, and the second information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the terminal device UE and the residence delay in the terminal device UE, and the third information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the UE, then the UPF determines to perform local switching. Or, Figure 4-d As shown, if the UPF receives the second information from the terminal device UE1 and sends the third information to the terminal device UE2, the second information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the terminal device UE1 and the residence delay in the terminal device UE1, and the third information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to UE2, then the UPF determines to perform local switching.

[0123] Step S507: UPF sends a request message to the session management function SMF network element, requesting a second delay.

[0124] Step S508: SMF receives the request message from UPF and sends the second delay to UPF.

[0125] Specifically, the second delay includes the packet delay budget (PDB) value corresponding to the uplink protocol data unit session PDU session and the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF. The PDB value is the transmission delay of the flow between the UPF and the UE determined by the 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS identifier, 5QI), wherein the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session can be the maximum transmission delay of the flow from the UE to the UPF, and the PDB value corresponding to the downlink PDU session can be the maximum transmission delay of the flow from the UPF to the UE. The PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session or the PDB value corresponding to the downlink PDU session may include the processing delay of the flow inside the UPF.

[0126] For example, UPF sends a request message to SMF, and the request message is used to request a second delay. Accordingly, after receiving the request message from UPF, SMF sends a second delay to UPF. The second delay can be the sum of the PDB value b corresponding to the uplink PDU session of UPF and the PDB value c corresponding to the downlink PDU session of UPF, that is, (b+c), or the second delay can be the PDB value b corresponding to the uplink PDU session of UPF and the PDB value c corresponding to the downlink PDU session of UPF, that is, (b, c). Accordingly, UPF receives the second delay (b+c) or (b, c) from SMF.

[0127] Step S509: UPF receives the second delay from SMF.

[0128] Step S510: The UPF obtains a third delay according to the first delay and the second delay.

[0129] Specifically, the first delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first terminal device, and the resident delay in the first terminal device. The second delay includes the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session and downlink PDU session of the UPF, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device. For example, the third delay is the maximum transmission delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0130] Specifically, a possible implementation method for the UPF to obtain the third delay based on the first delay and the second delay may include: the UPF determines the sum of the first delay and the second delay as the third delay, thereby obtaining the third delay. Of course, the UPF can also obtain the third delay based on the first delay and the second delay in other ways. For example, after the UPF adds the first delay and the second delay, the sum obtained by the addition can be corrected (for example, adding a specified or default value) to obtain the third delay. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the method for obtaining the third delay based on the first delay and the second delay.

[0131] For example, if the first delay is X+a and the second delay is b+c, the UPF obtains the third delay X+a+b+c based on the first delay X+a and the second delay b+c.

[0132] Step S511: UPF sends third information to the second terminal device.

[0133] Specifically, the third information is used to indicate a third delay, wherein the second terminal device may be an outbound interface device UE flowing in the 5GS system.

[0134] Specifically, the third information may be carried in a streaming service provider broadcast announcement message.

[0135] For example, after the UPF determines the third delay, the first delay in the stream service provider broadcast announcement message received by the UPF can be modified to the third delay, and then the UPF sends the modified stream service provider broadcast announcement message to the second terminal device. That is, the UPF network element can send the third information to the second terminal device through the stream service provider broadcast announcement message, and the third information includes the third delay.

[0136] Step S512: The second terminal device receives the third information from the UPF.

[0137] Specifically, the third information is used to indicate a third delay, and the third delay includes a delay for transmitting the stream from the talker to the second terminal device. For example, the third delay is a maximum transmission delay for transmitting the stream from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0138] For example, the second terminal device receives third information from the UPF. The third information is used to indicate a third delay X+a+b+c.

[0139] Step S513: The second terminal device determines a ninth delay according to the third delay.

[0140] Specifically, the ninth delay includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second terminal device, the residence delay in the second terminal device, and the transmission delay from the second terminal device to the time-sensitive network TSN device. For example, the ninth delay is the maximum transmission delay of the flow from the talker to the second terminal device, the residence delay in the second terminal device, and the transmission delay from the second terminal device to the time-sensitive network TSN device. The residence delay of the flow in the second terminal device can be the transmission and processing delay of the flow in the second terminal device, or the maximum time consumed by the flow in the second terminal device, or the total time consumed for transmission and processing of the flow between the device-side delay-sensitive network converter DS-TT and the UE.

[0141] Specifically, a possible way for the second terminal device to determine the ninth delay based on the third delay includes: the second terminal device adds a predefined or default value on the basis of the third delay to obtain the ninth delay, and the predefined or default value may be the residence delay of the flow in the second terminal device and the transmission delay from the second terminal device to the TSN device. Of course, the second terminal device may also determine the ninth delay based on the third delay in other ways, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0142] For example, if the third delay is X+a+b+c, the second terminal device adds d+txPropogationDelay to the third delay X+a+b+c, thereby obtaining the ninth delay X+a+b+c+d+txPropogationDelay, where X+a+b+c represents the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device, d represents the residence delay of the stream in the second terminal device, and txPropogationDelay represents the transmission delay of the stream from the second terminal device to the TSN device.

[0143] Step S514: the second terminal device sends fourth information to the time sensitive network TSN device.

[0144] Specifically, the fourth information includes a ninth delay, wherein the TSN device can be Figure 4-c TSN device 2 in the Figure 4-d The fourth information may be carried in a stream service provider broadcast declaration (TalkcrAdvertise Declaration) message.

[0145] For example, after the second terminal device determines the ninth time delay, the third time delay in the stream service provider broadcast announcement message received by the second terminal device can be modified to the ninth time delay, and then the second terminal device sends the modified stream service provider broadcast announcement message to the TSN device. In other words, the second terminal device can send fourth information to the TSN device through the stream service provider broadcast announcement message, and the fourth information includes the ninth time delay.

[0146] Step S515: The TSN device receives fourth information from the second terminal device.

[0147] Specifically, the fourth information includes a ninth time delay.

[0148] In the above method, the first terminal device determines the first delay based on the eighth delay from the first information, and then sends the second information to the UPF, the second information includes the first delay, correspondingly, the UPF receives the second information from the first terminal device, and obtains the third delay based on the first delay in the second information and the second delay from the SMF, and then the UPF sends the third information to the second terminal device, the third information includes the third delay, correspondingly, the second terminal device receives the third delay from the UPF, and determines the ninth delay based on the third delay, and then sends the fourth information to the TSN device, the fourth information includes the ninth delay, and the delay is updated in such a simple way to ensure the transmission quality of the stream.

[0149] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, SMF directly sends the second delay to UPF. The second delay is the transmission delay of the flow between UPF and the terminal device UE. Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0150] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 is a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 6 The method shown can be applied to the above Figure 4-a In the architecture, the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0151] Steps S601 to S605 may refer to steps S501 to S505 and will not be described in detail here.

[0152] Step S606: UPF determines that local switching is not required.

[0153] Specifically, local switching may refer to UPF receiving first information from a first terminal device and sending second information to the first terminal device, wherein the first information includes the latency of the flow from the talker to the human interface device of the 5GS, that is, the first terminal device, and the resident latency in the first terminal device, and the second information includes the latency of the flow from the talker to the output interface device of the 5GS, that is, the first terminal device. Alternatively, local switching may also refer to UPF receiving first information from a first terminal device and sending second information to a second terminal device, wherein the first information includes the latency of the flow from the talker to the first terminal device, and the resident latency in the first terminal device, and the second information includes the latency of the flow from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0154] For example, Figure 4-a As shown, the UPF receives the first information from the first terminal device, wherein the first information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the input interface device of the 5GS, that is, the first terminal device, and the resident delay in the first terminal device, but does not send the second information to the first terminal device, or does not send the second information to the second terminal device, and the second information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the output interface device of the 5GS, that is, the first terminal device, or the delay of the flow from the talker to the second terminal device, then the UPF determines that local switching is not required.

[0155] Step S607: UPF sends a request message to the session management function SMF network element, requesting the fourth delay.

[0156] Step S608: SMF receives the request message from UPF and sends the fourth delay to UPF.

[0157] Specifically, the fourth delay includes the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the UPF, wherein the PDB value is the transmission delay of the flow between the UPF and the UE determined by the 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS identifier, 5QI), and the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session can be the maximum transmission delay of the flow from the UE to the UPF. The PDB value may include the processing delay of the flow inside the UPF.

[0158] For example, UPF sends a request message to SMF, where the request message is used to request the fourth time delay. SMF receives the request message and sends the fourth time delay b to UPF. Correspondingly, UPF receives the fourth time delay b from SMF.

[0159] Step S609: UPF receives the fourth delay from SMF.

[0160] Step S610: The UPF obtains a fifth delay according to the first delay and the fourth delay.

[0161] Specifically, the first delay includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the first terminal device, and the resident delay in the first terminal device. The fifth delay includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the UPF, the resident delay in the UPF, and the transmission delay from the UPF to the time-sensitive network TSN device.

[0162] Specifically, a possible implementation manner in which the UPF obtains the fifth delay according to the first delay and the fourth delay may include: after the UPF adds the first delay and the fourth delay, the sum obtained by the addition may be corrected (for example, adding a specified or default value) to obtain the fifth delay. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the manner in which the fifth delay is obtained according to the first delay and the fourth delay.

[0163] For example, if the first delay is X+a and the fourth delay is b, where X represents the delay of the flow from the talker to the first terminal device, and a represents the residence delay of the flow in the first terminal device, then the UPF calculates the sum of the first delay and the fourth delay as X+a+b. Since the UPF is an outbound interface network element, txPropogationDelay is added to X+a+b, where txPropogationDelay represents the transmission delay of the flow from the UPF to the TSN device, and finally the fifth delay is X+a+b+txPropogationDelay.

[0164] Step S611: The UPF sends the fifth information to the time sensitive network TSN device.

[0165] Specifically, the fifth information includes a fifth delay, wherein the TSN device can be Figure 4-a The TSN device 2. The fifth information may be carried in a stream service provider broadcast declaration (TalkerAdvertise Declaration) message.

[0166] For example, after the UPF determines the fifth delay, the first delay in the stream service provider broadcast announcement message received by the UPF can be modified to the fifth delay, and then the UPF sends the modified stream service provider broadcast announcement message to the TSN device. That is, the UPF network element can send the fifth information to the TSN device through the stream service provider broadcast announcement message, and the fifth information includes the fifth delay.

[0167] Step S612: The TSN device receives the fifth information from the UPF.

[0168] Specifically, the fifth information includes a fifth delay.

[0169] In the above method, the first terminal device determines the first delay based on the eighth delay from the first information, and then sends the second information to the UPF, the second information includes the first delay, correspondingly, the UPF receives the second information from the first terminal device, and obtains the fifth delay based on the first delay in the second information and the fourth delay from the SMF, and then the UPF sends the fifth information to the TSN device, the fifth information includes the fifth delay, and the delay is updated in such a simple way, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the stream.

[0170] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, UPF can request the fourth delay from SMF. The fourth delay is the transmission delay of the flow between UPF and the terminal device UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0171] See also Figure 7 , Figure 7 is a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 7 The method shown can be applied to the above Figure 4-b In the architecture, the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0172] Step S701: the time sensitive network TSN device or the streaming service provider talker sends sixth information to the user plane function UPF network element.

[0173] Step S702: The user plane function UPF network element receives sixth information from a time sensitive network TSN device or a streaming service provider talker.

[0174] Specifically, the sixth information is used to indicate a sixth delay, which includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the UPF. For example, the sixth delay is the maximum transmission delay of the stream from the talker to the UPF. The talker refers to the host or server that provides the stream and is the source of the stream.

[0175] Specifically, the sixth information may be carried in a talker advertise declaration message. The talker advertise declaration message may be used to broadcast the QoS requirements corresponding to the broadcast flow.

[0176] Specifically, in addition to the sixth information, the stream service provider broadcast announcement message may also carry a stream identity (Stream ID). In addition, the stream service provider broadcast announcement message may also carry one or more of the following information: destination address (destination_address), source address (source_address), maximum frame size (MaxFrameSize), maximum frame interval (MaxIntervalFrames), frame priority (PriorityAndRank), maximum allowable delay of a single frame of the stream from the talker to the listener, reliability requirements of the stream or reasons for resource reservation failure (FailureInformation).

[0177] For example, the UPF receives a sixth message, where the sixth information is used to indicate a sixth delay, and the sixth delay is X.

[0178] Step S703: UPF sends a request message to the session management function SMF network element to request the seventh delay.

[0179] Step S704: SMF receives the request message and sends the seventh delay to UPF.

[0180] Specifically, the seventh delay includes the PDB value corresponding to the downlink PDU session of the UPF, wherein the PDB value is the transmission delay of the flow between the UPF and the UE determined by the 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS identifier, 5QI), and the PDB value corresponding to the downlink PDU session can be the maximum transmission delay of the flow from the UPF to the UE. The PDB value may include the processing delay of the flow inside the UPF.

[0181] For example, UPF sends a request message to SMF, where the request message is used to request the seventh time delay. Correspondingly, SMF receives the request message from UPF, sends the seventh time delay c to UPF, and UPF receives the seventh time delay c.

[0182] Step S705: UPF receives the seventh delay from SMF.

[0183] Step S706: The UPF obtains the third delay according to the sixth delay and the seventh delay.

[0184] Specifically, the third delay includes the delay of transmitting the stream from the talker to the second terminal device. For example, the third delay is the maximum transmission delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0185] Specifically, a possible implementation method for the UPF to obtain the third delay based on the sixth delay and the seventh delay may include: the UPF determines the sum of the sixth delay and the seventh delay as the third delay, thereby obtaining the third delay. Of course, the UPF may also obtain the third delay based on the sixth delay and the seventh delay in other ways. For example, after the UPF adds the sixth delay and the seventh delay, the sum obtained by the addition may be corrected (for example, adding a specified or default value) to obtain the third delay. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the method for obtaining the third delay based on the sixth delay and the seventh delay.

[0186] For example, if the sixth delay is X and the seventh delay is c, the UPF determines that the third delay is X+c according to the sixth delay X and the seventh delay c.

[0187] Step S707: UPF sends the seventh information to the second terminal device.

[0188] Specifically, the seventh information is used to indicate the third delay. The second terminal device may be Figure 4-b UE in.

[0189] Specifically, the seventh information may be carried in a stream service provider broadcast declaration (Talker AdvertiseDeclaration) message.

[0190] For example, after the UPF determines the third delay, the sixth delay in the stream service provider broadcast announcement message received by the UPF can be modified to the third delay, and then the UPF sends the modified stream service provider broadcast announcement message to the second terminal device. That is, the UPF network element can send the seventh information to the second terminal device through the stream service provider broadcast announcement message, and the seventh information includes the third delay.

[0191] Step S708: The second terminal device receives the seventh information from the UPF.

[0192] Specifically, the seventh information is used to indicate a third delay, where the third delay includes a delay for transmitting the stream from the stream service provider talker to the second terminal device. For example, the third delay is a maximum transmission delay for transmitting the stream from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0193] For example, the second terminal device receives the seventh information from the UPF, where the seventh information is used to indicate the third delay X+c.

[0194] Step S709: The second terminal device determines a ninth delay according to the third delay.

[0195] Specifically, the ninth delay includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second terminal device, the residence delay in the second terminal device, and the transmission delay from the second terminal device to the time-sensitive network TSN device. The residence delay of the flow in the second terminal device may include the transmission and processing delay of the flow in the second terminal device, or the maximum time consumed by the flow in the second terminal device, or the total time consumed for transmission and processing of the flow between the device-side delay-sensitive network converter DS-TT and the UE.

[0196] Specifically, a possible way for the second terminal device to determine the ninth delay based on the third delay includes: the second terminal device adds a predefined or default value on the basis of the third delay to obtain the ninth delay, and the predefined or default value may be the residence delay of the flow in the second terminal device and the transmission delay from the second terminal device to the TSN device. Of course, the second terminal device may also determine the ninth delay based on the third delay in other ways, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0197] For example, if the third delay is X+c, the second terminal device adds d+txPropogationDelay to the third delay X+c, thereby obtaining the ninth delay X+c+d+txPropogationDelay, wherein X+c represents the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device, d represents the residence delay of the stream in the second terminal device, and txPropogationDelay represents the transmission delay of the stream from the second terminal device to the TSN device.

[0198] Step S710: The second terminal device sends eighth information to the time sensitive network TSN device.

[0199] Specifically, the eighth information includes a ninth delay, wherein the TSN device can be Figure 4-b TSN device 2 in.

[0200] Specifically, the eighth information may be carried in a stream service provider broadcast declaration (Talker AdvertiseDeclaration) message.

[0201] For example, after the second terminal device determines the ninth time delay, the third time delay in the stream service provider broadcast announcement message received by the second terminal device can be modified to the ninth time delay, and then the second terminal device sends the modified stream service provider broadcast announcement message to the TSN device. In other words, the second terminal device can send the eighth information to the TSN device through the stream service provider broadcast announcement message, and the eighth information includes the ninth time delay.

[0202] Step S711: The TSN device receives the eighth information from the second terminal device.

[0203] Specifically, the eighth information includes a ninth time delay.

[0204] In the above method, UPF receives the sixth delay in the sixth information from the TSN device or talker, sends a request message to the SMF, requests the seventh delay, determines the third delay according to the sixth delay and the seventh delay, and then sends the seventh information to the second terminal device, the seventh information includes the third delay, and accordingly, the second terminal device receives the third delay from the UPF, determines the ninth delay according to the third delay, and then sends the eighth information to the TSN device, the eighth information includes the ninth delay. The delay is updated in such a simple way, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the stream.

[0205] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, UPF can request the seventh delay by sending a request message to SMF. The seventh delay is the transmission delay of the flow between UPF and the terminal device UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0206] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 8 The method shown is applied to the above Figure 4-c or Figure 4-d In the architecture, the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0207] Steps S801 to 805 refer to steps S501 to 505 and are not described again here.

[0208] Step S806: UPF sends a request message to the session management function SMF network element.

[0209] Specifically, the request information is used to request the second delay.

[0210] Step S807: SMF receives request information from UPF.

[0211] Step S808: SMF determines to perform local switching.

[0212] Specifically, the SMF determines that a local switch is to be performed, which may refer to the SMF determining that the UPF receives the second information from the first terminal device, and the UPF sends the third information to the first terminal device, wherein the second information includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the input interface device in the 5GS system, that is, the first terminal device, and the resident delay in the first terminal device, and the third information includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the output interface device in the 5GS system, that is, the first terminal device. Alternatively, the SMF determines that a local switch is to be performed, which may refer to the SMF determining that the UPF receives the second information from the first terminal device, and the UPF sends the third information to the second terminal device, wherein the second information includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the first terminal device, and the resident delay in the first terminal device, and the third information includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0213] For example, Figure 4-c As shown, if the UPF receives the second information from the terminal device UE and sends the third information to the terminal device UE, and the second information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the terminal device UE and the residence delay in the terminal device UE, and the third information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the UE, then the UPF determines to perform local switching. Or, Figure 4-d As shown, if UPF receives the second information from the terminal device UE1 and sends the third information to the terminal device UE2, the second information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the terminal device UE1 and the residence delay in the terminal device UE1, and the third information includes the delay of the flow from the talker to UE2, then SMF determines to perform local switching.

[0214] Step S809: SMF sends the second delay to UPF.

[0215] Specifically, the second delay includes the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session and downlink PDU session of the UPF, wherein the PDB value is the delay between the UPF and the UE of the flow determined by the 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS identifier, 5QI). The PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session may be the maximum transmission delay of the flow from the UE to the UPF, and the PDB value corresponding to the downlink PDU session may be the maximum transmission delay of the flow from the UPF to the UE. The PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session or the PDB value corresponding to the downlink PDU session may include the processing delay of the flow inside the UPF.

[0216] For example, if the second delay can be the sum of the PDB value b corresponding to the uplink PDU session of UPF and the PDB value c corresponding to the downlink PDU session of UPF, that is, (b+c), then the SMF sends the second delay b+c to UPF, or, the second delay can be the PDB value b corresponding to the uplink PDU session of UPF and the PDB value c corresponding to the downlink PDU session of UPF, that is, (b, c), then the SMF sends the second delay (b, c) to UPF.

[0217] Steps S810 to S816 may refer to steps S509 to S515 and will not be described in detail here.

[0218] In the above method, the first terminal device determines the first delay based on the eighth delay from the first information, and then sends the second information to the UPF, the second information includes the first delay, correspondingly, the UPF receives the second information from the first terminal device, and obtains the third delay based on the first delay in the second information and the second delay from the SMF, and then the UPF sends the third information to the second terminal device, the third information includes the third delay, correspondingly, the second terminal device receives the third delay from the UPF, and determines the ninth delay based on the third delay, and then sends the fourth information to the TSN device, the fourth information includes the ninth delay, and the delay is updated in such a simple way to ensure the transmission quality of the stream.

[0219] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, SMF directly sends the second delay to UPF. The second delay is the transmission delay of the flow between UPF and the terminal device UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0220] See also Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 is a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, Fig. 9 The method shown is applied to the above Figure 4-c or Figure 4-d In the architecture, the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0221] Steps S901 to 905 refer to steps S501 to 505 and are not described again here.

[0222] Step S906: UPF sends a request message to the session management function SMF network element.

[0223] Specifically, the request information is used to request the fourth delay.

[0224] Step S907: SMF receives request information from UPF.

[0225] Step S908: SMF determines that local switching is not required.

[0226] Specifically, determining local switching may refer to SMF determining that UPF receives second information from the first terminal device, and UPF sends third information to the first terminal device, wherein the second information includes the latency of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the input interface device in the 5GS system, that is, the first terminal device, and the resident latency in the first terminal device, and the third information includes the latency of the stream from the talker to the output interface device in the 5GS system, that is, the first terminal device. Alternatively, determining local switching may also refer to SMF determining that UPF receives second information from the first terminal device, and sending third information to the second terminal device, wherein the second information includes the latency of the stream from the talker to the first terminal device, and the resident latency in the first terminal device, and the third information includes the latency of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0227] For example, Figure 4-a As shown, UPF receives first information from a first terminal device, wherein the first information includes the latency of a flow transmitted from a talker to an input interface device of the 5GS, i.e., the first terminal device, and the resident latency in the first terminal device, but does not send second information to a terminal device, or does not send second information to a second terminal device, and the second information includes the latency of a flow transmitted from a talker to an output interface device of the 5GS, i.e., the first terminal device, or the latency of a flow transmitted from a talker to a second terminal device, then SMF determines that local switching is not required.

[0228] Step S909: SMF sends the fourth delay to UPF.

[0229] Specifically, the fourth delay includes the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the UPF, wherein the PDB value is the transmission delay of the flow between the UPF and the UE determined by the 5GQoS identifier (5G QoS identifier 5QI), wherein the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDUsession may be the maximum transmission delay of the flow from the UE to the UPF, and the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session may include the processing delay of the flow inside the UPF.

[0230] For example, if the fourth delay is b, the SMF sends the fourth delay b to the UPF.

[0231] Steps S910 to S913 may refer to steps S609 to S612 and will not be described in detail here.

[0232] In the above method, the first terminal device determines the first delay based on the eighth delay from the first information, and then sends the second information to the UPF, the second information includes the first delay, correspondingly, the UPF receives the second information from the first terminal device, and obtains the fifth delay based on the first delay in the second information and the fourth delay from the SMF, and then the UPF sends the fifth information to the TSN device, the fifth information includes the fifth delay, and the delay is updated in such a simple way, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the stream.

[0233] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, UPF can request the fourth delay from SMF. The fourth delay is the transmission delay of the flow between UPF and the terminal device UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0234] See also Fig.10 , Fig.10 is a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, Fig.10 The method shown is applied to the above Figure 4-a , Figure 4-b , 4-c or Figure 4-d In the architecture, the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0235] Step S1001: a time sensitive network TSN device or a streaming service provider talker sends ninth information to a first device.

[0236] Step S1002: the first device receives ninth information from a time sensitive network TSN device or a streaming service provider talker.

[0237] Specifically, the ninth information is used to indicate the delay A, which includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device. For example, the delay A is the maximum transmission delay of the stream from the talker to the first device. The talker refers to the host or server that provides the stream and is the source of the stream. The first device is the input interface device of the stream in the 5GS system, which can be a UE or a UPF. For example, the first device can be Figure 4-a In the UE, the first device may be Figure 4-b In the UPF, the first device can be Figure 4-cIn the UE, the first device may be Figure 4-d UE1 in.

[0238] Specifically, the ninth information may be carried in a talker advertise declaration message. The talker advertise declaration message may be used to broadcast the QoS requirements corresponding to the broadcast flow.

[0239] Specifically, in addition to the ninth information, the stream service provider broadcast announcement message may also carry a stream identity (Stream ID). In addition, the stream service provider broadcast announcement message may also carry one or more of the following information: destination address (destination_address), source address (source_address), maximum frame size (MaxFrameSize), maximum frame interval (MaxIntervalFrames), frame priority (PriorityAndRank), maximum allowable delay of a single frame of the stream from the talker to the listener, reliability requirements of the stream or reasons for resource reservation failure (FailureInformation).

[0240] For example, if the delay of transmitting the stream from talkcr to the first device is X, the first device receives the ninth information from the TSN device or talker, and the ninth information is used to indicate the delay A, and the value of the delay A is X.

[0241] Step S1003: The first device sends a request message to the session management function SMF network element.

[0242] Specifically, the request message is used to request a delay B, which includes a bridge delay and a transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second TSN device. The second device is an outbound interface device of the flow in the 5GS system, and the second device can be a UE or a UPF. For example, the second device can be Figure 4-a In the UPF, the second device can be Figure 4-b The second device may be a UE Figure 4-c The second device may be a UE Figure 4-d UE2 in .

[0243] In one example, the first device sends a request message to a session management function SMF network element, including: the request message sent by the first device to the SMF carries a delay A.

[0244] For example, the first device sends a request message to the SMF, and the request message carries a delay A. If the delay A is X, then the delay of the stream carried in the request message from the talker to the first device is X.

[0245] Step S1004: The SMF receives a request message from the first device.

[0246] In one example, the request message of the first device carries a delay A.

[0247] For example, if the first device sends a request message to the SMF, the request message carries a delay A. If the delay A is X, the SMF receives the request message from the first device, and the delay of the stream carried in the request message from the talker to the first device is X.

[0248] Step S1005: The SMF sends delay B to the first device.

[0249] Specifically, the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second TSN device. In different architectures, the value of the bridge delay (5GS bridge delay) is different, such as in Figure 4-c and Figure 4-d In the architecture, 5GSbridge delay is the sum of the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session and downlink PDU session of the UPF and the UE-DS-TT Residence Time of the inbound and outbound interfaces. Figure 4-a and Figure 4-b In the architecture, the 5GS bridge delay is the sum of the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session or downlink PDU session of the UPF and the UE-DS-TT Residence Time of the inbound or outbound interface, where the UE-DS-TT residence time is the total time consumed for transmission and processing of the flow between the DS-TT and the UE.

[0250] For example, if the delay B is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay, where txPropogationDelay represents the transmission delay of the stream from the second device to the second TSN device, then the delay B sent by SMF to the first device is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay.

[0251] In one example, when the request message of the first device carries delay A, the SMF sends delay B to the first device, including: the SMF sends delay B and delay A to the first device.

[0252] Specifically, when the SMF receives a request message from the first device carrying delay A, the SMF may send the sum of delay B and delay A to the first device, or may send delay B and delay A to the first device. Correspondingly, the first device receives the sum of delay B and delay A from the SMF, or may receive delay B and delay A from the SMF.

[0253] For example, if delay B is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay and delay A is X, then SMF sends to the first device delay B of 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay and delay A of X. Alternatively, the sum of delay B and delay A sent to the first device may be 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay + X.

[0254] Step S1006: The first device receives the delay B from the SMF.

[0255] For example, if the delay B sent by the SMF to the first device is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay, then the delay B received by the first device from the SMF is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay.

[0256] In one example, the first device receives delay B from the SMF, including: the first device receives delay B and delay A from the SMF.

[0257] For example, if the delay B sent by SMF to the first device is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay, and the delay A is X, then the delay B sent by SMF to the first device is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay, and the delay A is X. Or if the sum of the delay B and delay A sent by SMF to the first device is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay + X, then the sum of the delay B and delay A received by the first device from SMF is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay + X.

[0258] Step S1007: The first device obtains delay C according to delay A and delay B.

[0259] Specifically, the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second time-sensitive network TSN device. For example, the delay C is the maximum transmission delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device.

[0260] Specifically, a possible implementation manner in which the first device obtains delay C according to delay A and delay B may include: the first device determines the sum of delay A and delay B as delay C, thereby obtaining delay C. Of course, the first device may also obtain delay C according to delay A and delay B in other ways. For example, the first device may correct the sum obtained after adding delay A to delay B (for example, adding a specified or default value) to obtain delay C. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the manner in which delay C is obtained according to delay A and delay B.

[0261] For example, the value of delay A is X, and the value of delay B is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay. Then the first device determines, according to delay A and delay B, that the value of delay C is X + 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay.

[0262] Step S1008: The first device determines the tenth information.

[0263] Specifically, the tenth information includes delay C.

[0264] Step S1009: The first device sends the tenth information to the second device.

[0265] Specifically, the tenth information may be carried in a stream service provider broadcast declaration (Talker AdvertiseDeclaration) message. The second device is an outbound interface device of the stream in the 5GS system, and the second device may be a UE or a UPF. For example, the second device may be Figure 4-a In the UPF, the second device can be Figure 4-b The second device may be a UE Figure 4-c The second device may be a UE Figure 4-d UE2 in .

[0266] For example, after the first device determines the delay C, the delay A in the stream service provider broadcast announcement message received by the first device can be modified to the delay C, and then the first device sends the modified stream service provider broadcast announcement message to the second device. That is, the first device can send the tenth information to the second device through the stream service provider broadcast announcement message, and the tenth information includes the delay C.

[0267] Step S1010: The second device receives the tenth information from the first device.

[0268] Step S1011: the second device sends the tenth information to the TSN device.

[0269] Specifically, the tenth information includes the delay C. Among them, the TSN device can be Figure 4-a TSN device 2 in the Figure 4-b TSN device 2 in the Figure 4-c TSN device 2 in the Figure 4-d TSN device 2 in.

[0270] Step S1012: The TSN device receives the tenth information from the second device.

[0271] Specifically, the tenth information includes delay C.

[0272] In the above method, the first device receives the ninth information from the TSN device or Talker, the ninth information includes delay A, requests delay B from the SMF, determines delay C based on delay A and delay B, and then sends the tenth information to the second device, the tenth information includes delay C. In such a simple way, the first device determines the delay of the flow from the input interface of the 5GS system to the second TSN device, that is, only the first device, that is, the input interface device in the 5GS system, needs to update the delay, and other network elements or devices in the 5GS system do not need to be operated, which is simple and convenient.

[0273] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the two adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, the first device can request a delay B by sending a request message to SMF. The delay B is the transmission delay between the flow in the 5GS system input interface device, such as UPF and the 5GS system output interface device, such as UE. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0274] See also Fig.11 , Fig.11 is a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application, Fig.11 The method shown is applied to the above Figure 4-a , Figure 4-b , Figure 4-c or Figure 4-d In the architecture, the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0275] Step S1101: a time sensitive network TSN device or a streaming service provider talker sends ninth information to a first device.

[0276] Step S1002: the first device receives ninth information from a time sensitive network TSN device or a streaming service provider talker.

[0277] Step S1003: The first device sends ninth information to the second device.

[0278] Step S1104: the second device receives the ninth information from the first device.

[0279] Specifically, the ninth information is used to indicate the delay A, which includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device, wherein the delay A can be the maximum transmission delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device. The talker refers to the host or server that provides the stream and is the source of the stream. The second device is the outbound interface device of the stream in the 5GS system, and the second device can be a UE or a UPF. For example, the second device can be Figure 4-a In the UPF, the second device can be Figure 4-b The second device may be a UE Figure 4-c The second device may be a UE Figure 4-d The first device is an inbound interface device of the flow in the 5GS system, and the first device can be a UE or a UPF. For example, the first device can be Figure 4-a In the UE, the first device may be Figure 4-b In the UPF, the first device can be Figure 4-c In the UE, the first device may be Figure 4-d UE1 in.

[0280] Specifically, the ninth information may be carried in a talker advertise declaration message. The talker advertise declaration message may be used to broadcast the QoS requirements corresponding to the broadcast flow.

[0281] Specifically, in addition to the ninth information, the stream service provider broadcast announcement message may also carry a stream identity (Stream ID). In addition, the stream service provider broadcast announcement message may also carry one or more of the following information: destination address (destination_address), source address (source_address), maximum frame size (MaxFrameSize), maximum frame interval (MaxIntervalFrames), frame priority (PriorityAndRank), maximum allowable delay of a single frame of the stream from the talker to the listener, reliability requirements of the stream or reasons for resource reservation failure (FailureInformation).

[0282] For example, if the delay of transmitting the stream from the talker to the first device is X, the second device receives the ninth information, and the ninth information is used to indicate the delay A, and the delay A is X.

[0283] Step S1105: The second device sends a request message to the session management function SMF network element.

[0284] Specifically, the request message is used to request a delay B, where the delay B includes a bridge delay and a transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device.

[0285] In one example, the second device sends a request message to a session management function SMF network element, including: the request message sent by the second device to the SMF carries a delay A.

[0286] For example, the second device sends a request message to the SMF, and the request message carries the delay A. If the delay A is X, the request message carries the delay X of the stream being transmitted from the talker to the first device.

[0287] Step S1106: The SMF receives a request message from the second device.

[0288] In one example, the request message of the second device carries delay A.

[0289] For example, if the second device sends a request message to the SMF, the request message carries a delay A. If the delay A is X, the SMF receives the request message from the second device, and the delay of the stream carried in the request message from the talker to the first device is X.

[0290] Step S1107: SMF sends delay B to the second device.

[0291] Specifically, the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second TSN device. In different architectures, the value of the bridge delay (5GS bridge delay) is different, such as in Figure 4-c and Figure 4-d In the architecture, 5GSbridge delay is the sum of the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session and downlink PDU session of the UPF and the UE-DS-TT Residence Time of the inbound and outbound interfaces. Figure 4-a and Figure 4-b In the architecture, the 5GS bridge delay is the sum of the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session or downlink PDU session of the UPF and the UE-DS-TT Residence Time of the inbound or outbound interface, where the UE-DS-TT residence time is the total time consumed for transmission and processing of the flow between the DS-TT and the UE.

[0292] For example, if the delay B is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay, the delay B sent by SMF to the second device is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay.

[0293] In one example, when the request message of the second device carries delay A, the SMF sends delay B to the second device, including: the SMF sends delay B and delay A to the second device.

[0294] Specifically, when the SMF receives a request message from the second device carrying delay A, the SMF may send the sum of delay B and delay A to the second device, or may send delay B and delay A to the second device. Correspondingly, the second device receives the sum of delay B and delay A from the SMF, or may receive delay B and delay A from the SMF. For example, if delay B is 5GS bridgedelay+txPropogationDelay, and delay A is X, then the delay B sent by the SMF to the second device is 5GS bridge delay+txPropogationDelay, and delay A is X. Alternatively, the sum of delay B and delay A sent to the second device may be 5GS bridge delay+txPropogationDelay+X.

[0295] Step S1108: The second device receives the delay B sent by the SMF.

[0296] For example, if the delay B sent by SMF to the second device is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay, then the delay B received by the second device from SMF is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay.

[0297] In one example, the second device receives delay B sent by SMF, including: the second device receives delay B and delay A sent by SMF.

[0298] Specifically, the SMF can send the sum of delay B and delay A to the second device, or send delay B and delay A to the second device. Correspondingly, the second device receives the sum of delay B and delay A from the SMF, or receives delay B and delay A from the SMF.

[0299] For example, if the delay B sent by SMF to the second device is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay, and the delay A is X, then the delay B sent by SMF to the second device is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay, and the delay A is X. Or if the sum of the delay B and delay A sent by SMF to the second device is 5GS bridge dclay + txPropogationDclay + X, then the sum of the delay B and delay A received by the second device from SMF is 5GS bridgedelay + txPropogationDelay + X.

[0300] Step S1109: The second device obtains delay C according to delay A and delay B.

[0301] Specifically, the latency C includes the latency of the stream being transmitted from the talker to the second TSN device.

[0302] Specifically, a possible implementation manner in which the second device obtains delay C according to delay A and delay B may include: the second device determines the sum of delay A and delay B as delay C, thereby obtaining delay C. Of course, the second device may also obtain delay C according to delay A and delay B in other ways. For example, the second device may correct the sum obtained by adding delay A to delay B (for example, adding a specified or default value) to obtain delay C. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the manner in which delay C is obtained according to delay A and delay B.

[0303] For example, the value of delay A is X, and the value of delay B is 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay. Then the second device determines, according to delay A and delay B, that delay C is X + 5GS bridge delay + txPropogationDelay.

[0304] Step S1110: The second device determines the tenth information.

[0305] Specifically, the tenth information includes delay C.

[0306] Step S1111: the second device sends the tenth information to the TSN device.

[0307] Specifically, the tenth information may be carried in a stream service provider broadcast declaration (Talker AdvertiseDeclaration) message.

[0308] For example, after the second device determines the delay C, the delay A in the stream service provider broadcast announcement message received by the second device can be modified to the delay C, and then the second device sends the modified stream service provider broadcast announcement message to the TSN device. That is, the second device can send the tenth information to the TSN device through the stream service provider broadcast announcement message, and the tenth information includes the delay C.

[0309] Step S1112: The second TSN device receives the tenth information from the second device.

[0310] Specifically, the tenth information includes delay C.

[0311] In the above method, the second device receives the ninth information from the first device, the ninth information includes delay A, requests delay B from the SMF, determines delay C based on delay A and delay B, and then sends the tenth information to the TSN device, the tenth information includes delay C. In such a simple way, the second device determines the delay of the flow from the input interface of the 5GS system to the second TSN device, that is, only the second device, that is, the output interface device in the 5GS system, needs to update the delay, and other network elements or devices in the 5GS system do not need to be operated, which is simple and convenient.

[0312] In addition, in the prior art, if the delay of calculating the transmission delay of the flow from UPF to the terminal device UE, it is necessary to perform clock synchronization between the adjacent nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE, and finally realize the clock synchronization of all nodes between UPF and the terminal device UE. The scheme is complicated and difficult to implement. In the present scheme, the second device can send a request message to SMF to request a delay B. The delay B is the transmission delay of the flow between the 5GS system input interface device and the 5GS system output interface device. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application is simpler and easier to implement.

[0313] The method of the embodiment of the present application is described in detail above, and the device of the embodiment of the present application is provided below.

[0314] See also Fig.12 , Fig.12 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1200 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device may include a transceiver module 1201 and a processing module 1202, wherein each module is described in detail as follows.

[0315] In one possible design, the communication device 1200 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 A user plane function UPF network element in any one of the methods described, a network device of a UPF network element.

[0316] For example, the transceiver module 1201 is used to receive first information, where the first information is used to indicate a first delay, where the first delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first terminal device, and the resident delay in the first terminal device; the processing module 1202 is used to determine whether to perform local switching, request a second delay from the session management function SMF network element, and obtain a third delay based on the first delay and the second delay, where the second delay includes the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the uplink protocol data unit session PDU session and the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device; and / or the processing module 1202 is also used to determine that local switching is not required, request a fourth delay from the SMF, and obtain a fifth delay based on the first delay and the fourth delay, where the fourth delay includes the uplink PDU of the UPF. The PDB value corresponding to the session, the fifth delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the UPF, the residence delay in the UPF, and the transmission delay from the UPF to the time-sensitive network TSN device.

[0317] In another possible design, the communication device 1200 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 A user plane function UPF network element in any one of the methods described, a network device of a UPF network element.

[0318] For example, the transceiver module 1201 is used to receive first information, where the first information is used to indicate a sixth delay, and the sixth delay includes the delay of transmitting the stream from the stream service provider talker to the UPF; the processing module 1202 is used to request a seventh delay from the session management function SMF network element, and obtain a third delay based on the sixth delay and the seventh delay, where the seventh delay includes a packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to a downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, and the third delay includes the delay of transmitting the stream from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0319] In another possible design, the communication device 1200 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 The first device in any one of the methods described in , if it is uplink, the first device may be a terminal device or a chip used in the terminal device; if it is downlink, the first device may be a UPF, or a network device including a UPF, or a chip used in a network device, or the first device and the second device may both be terminal devices or chips used in terminal devices.

[0320] For example, the transceiver module 1201 is used to receive first information, the first information is used to indicate delay A, and the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the device; the transceiver module 1201 is used to send a request message to the session management function SMF network element to request delay B, the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device, and receive the delay B from the SMF; the processing module 1202 is used to obtain delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, and the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device; the processing module 1202 is used to determine second information, and the second information includes the delay C; the transceiver module 1201 is also used to send the second information to the second device. In one example, the transceiver module 1201 is also used to send the request message sent to the SMF to carry the delay A. In another example, the transceiver module 1201 is further used to receive the delay B and the delay A from the SMF.

[0321] In another possible design, the communication device 1200 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 The second device in any one of the methods described in , if it is uplink, the second device may be a UPF, or a network device including a UPF, or a chip used in a network device; if it is downlink, the second device may be a terminal device or a chip used in a terminal device, or the first device and the second device may both be terminal devices or chips used in terminal devices.

[0322] The transceiver module 1201 is used to receive first information, the first information is used to indicate delay A, and the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first device; the transceiver module 1201 is used to send a request message to the session management function SMF network element to request delay B, and the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; the transceiver module 1201 is also used to receive the delay B sent by the SMF; the processing module 1202 is used to obtain the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, and the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device; the processing module 1202 is also used to determine the second information, and the second information includes the delay C; the transceiver module 1201 is also used to send the second information to the second TSN device. In an example, the transceiver module 1201 is also used to send the request message sent to the SMF to carry the delay A. In another example, the transceiver module 1201 is further used to receive the delay B and the delay A sent by the SMF.

[0323] In one possible design, the communication device 1200 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 An SMF network element in any of the methods described herein, or a network device of an SMF network element.

[0324] The transceiver module 1201 is used to receive request information from the user plane function UPF network element, which is used to request the second delay and / or the fourth delay; the processing module 1202 is used to determine that local switching is required, and send the second delay to the UPF through the transceiver module 1201, wherein the second delay includes the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the uplink protocol data unit session PDU session and the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF. The second delay is used for the UPF to obtain the third delay according to the first delay and the second delay, wherein the first delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first terminal device, and the residence delay in the first terminal device, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device; and / or the processing module 1202 is used to determine that local switching is not required, and send the fourth delay to the UPF through the transceiver module 1201, wherein the fourth delay includes the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the UPF.

[0325] In one possible design, the communication device 1200 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 A user plane function SMF network element in any one of the methods described, a network device of the SMF network element.

[0326] The processing module 1202 is used to receive request information from the user plane function UPF through the transceiver module 1201, and is used to request the seventh delay; the processing module 1202 is used to send the seventh delay to the UPF through the transceiver module 1201, and the seventh delay includes the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, and the seventh delay is used by the UPF to obtain the third delay according to the sixth delay and the seventh delay, and the sixth delay includes the delay of transmitting the stream from the stream service provider talker to the UPF, and the third delay includes the delay of transmitting the stream from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0327] In one possible design, the communication device 1200 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 An SMF network element in any of the methods described, a network device of an SMF network element.

[0328] The processing module 1202 is used to receive a request message from the first device through the transceiver module 1201, wherein the request message is used to request a delay B, wherein the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the stream from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; the processing module 1202 is used to send the delay B to the first device through the transceiver module 1201, wherein the delay B is used by the first device to obtain the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, wherein the delay A includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device, and the delay C includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second TSN device. In one example, the request message of the first device carries the delay A. In another example, the processing module 1202 is also used to send the delay B and the delay A to the first device through the transceiver module 1201 when the request message of the first device carries the delay A.

[0329] In one possible design, the communication device 1200 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 An SMF network element in any of the methods described, a network device of an SMF network element.

[0330] The processing module 1202 is used to receive a request message from the second device through the transceiver module 1201, wherein the request message is used to request a delay B, wherein the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the stream from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; the processing module 1202 is used to send the delay B to the second device through the transceiver module 1201; the delay B is used by the second device to obtain the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, wherein the delay A includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device, and the delay C includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second TSN device. In one example, the request message of the second device carries the delay A. In another example, the processing module 1202 is also used to send the delay B and the delay A to the second device through the transceiver module 1201 when the request message of the second device carries the delay A.

[0331] See also Fig.13 , Fig.13 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1300 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device may include a transceiver module 1301 and a processing module 1302, wherein each module is described in detail as follows.

[0332] In one possible design, the communication device 1300 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 The first terminal device in any one of the methods described in .

[0333] The transceiver module 1301 is used to receive first information, where the first information is used to indicate an eighth delay, and the eighth delay includes the delay of transmitting the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first terminal device; the processing module 1302 is used to determine the first delay according to the eighth delay, where the first delay includes the delay of transmitting the stream from the talker to the first terminal device and the residence delay in the first terminal device; the transceiver module 1301 is used to send second information to the user plane function UPF network element, where the second information includes the first delay.

[0334] In another possible design, the communication device 1300 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 The second terminal device in any one of the methods described in .

[0335] The transceiver module 1301 is used to receive first information, where the first information is used to indicate a third delay, where the third delay includes a delay for transmitting the stream from the stream service provider talker to the second terminal device; the processing module 1302 is used to determine a ninth delay based on the third delay, where the ninth delay includes a delay for transmitting the stream from the talker to the second terminal device, a residence delay in the second terminal device, and a transmission delay from the second terminal device to a time-sensitive network TSN device; the transceiver module 1301 is used to send second information to the TSN device, where the second information includes the ninth delay.

[0336] In another possible design, the communication device 1300 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 The first device in any one of the methods described in , if it is uplink, the first device may be a terminal device or a chip used in the terminal device; if it is downlink, the first device may be a UPF, or a network device including a UPF, or a chip used in a network device, or the first device and the second device may both be terminal devices or chips used in terminal devices.

[0337] For example, the transceiver module 1301 is used to receive first information, the first information is used to indicate delay A, and the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the device; the transceiver module 1301 is used to send a request message to the session management function SMF network element to request delay B, the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device, and receive the delay B from the SMF; the processing module 1302 is used to obtain delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, and the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device; the processing module 1302 is used to determine the second information, and the second information includes the delay C; the transceiver module 1301 is also used to send the second information to the second device. In an example, the transceiver module 1301 is also used to send the request message sent to the SMF to carry the delay A. In another example, the transceiver module 1301 is further used to receive the delay B and the delay A from the SMF.

[0338] In another possible design, the communication device 1300 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 The second device in any one of the methods described in , if it is uplink, the second device may be a UPF, or a network device including a UPF, or a chip used in a network device; if it is downlink, the second device may be a terminal device or a chip used in a terminal device, or the first device and the second device may both be terminal devices or chips used in terminal devices.

[0339] The transceiver module 1301 is used to receive first information, the first information is used to indicate delay A, and the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first device; the transceiver module 1301 is used to send a request message to the session management function SMF network element to request delay B, and the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; the transceiver module 1301 is also used to receive the delay B sent by the SMF; the processing module 1302 is used to obtain the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, and the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device; the processing module 1302 is also used to determine the second information, and the second information includes the delay C; the transceiver module 1301 is also used to send the second information to the second TSN device. In an example, the transceiver module 1301 is also used to send the request message sent to the SMF to carry the delay A. In another example, the transceiver module 1301 is further used to receive the delay B and the delay A sent by the SMF.

[0340] See also Fig.14 , Fig.14 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1400 provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the communication device 1400 includes an interface circuit 1401 and a processor 1402, and optionally, also includes a memory 1403. The interface circuit 1401 may be a transceiver or an input / output interface, the memory 1403 is used to store a computer program, and the processor 1402 is coupled to the memory 1403 and the interface circuit 1401.

[0341] In one possible design, the communication device 1400 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 A user plane function UPF network element in any of the methods described, a network device of a UPF network element, or a chip used in a network device.

[0342] When the processor 1402 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: receiving first information, the first information is used to indicate a first delay, the first delay includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first terminal device, and the resident delay in the first terminal device; determining to perform local switching, requesting a second delay from the session management function SMF network element, and obtaining a third delay according to the first delay and the second delay, the second delay including the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the uplink protocol data unit session PDU session and the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, and the third delay including the delay of the flow from the talker to the second terminal device; and / or determining that local switching is not required, requesting a fourth delay from the SMF, and obtaining a fifth delay according to the first delay and the fourth delay, the fourth delay including the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the UPF, the fifth delay including the delay of the flow from the talker to the UPF, the resident delay in the UPF, and the transmission delay from the UPF to the time-sensitive network TSN device.

[0343] In another possible design, the communication device 1400 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 A user plane function UPF network element in any of the methods described, a network device of a UPF network element, or a chip used in a network device.

[0344] When the processor 1402 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: receiving first information, where the first information is used to indicate a sixth delay, where the sixth delay includes the delay of transmitting the stream from the stream service provider talker to the UPF; requesting a seventh delay from the session management function SMF network element, and obtaining a third delay based on the sixth delay and the seventh delay, where the seventh delay includes a packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to a downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, and the third delay includes the delay of transmitting the stream from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0345] In another possible design, the communication device 1400 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 The first device in any one of the methods described in , if it is uplink, the first device may be a terminal device or a chip used in the terminal device; if it is downlink, the first device may be a UPF, or a network device including a UPF, or a chip used in a network device, or the first device and the second device may both be terminal devices or chips used in terminal devices.

[0346] When the processor 1402 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: receiving first information through the interface circuit 1401, the first information is used to indicate delay A, and the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first device; sending a request message to the session management function SMF network element through the interface circuit 1401 to request delay B, and the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; receiving the delay B from the SMF through the interface circuit 1401; obtaining delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, and the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device; determining second information, the second information includes the delay C; sending the second information to the second device through the interface circuit 1401. In one example, the processor 1402 is also used to carry the delay A in the request message sent to the SMF through the interface circuit 1401. In another example, the processor 1402 is further configured to receive the delay B and the delay A from the SMF through the interface circuit 1401 .

[0347] In another possible design, the communication device 1400 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11The second device in any one of the methods described in , if it is uplink, the second device may be a UPF, or a network device including a UPF, or a chip used in a network device; if it is downlink, the second device may be a terminal device or a chip used in a terminal device, or the first device and the second device may both be terminal devices or chips used in terminal devices.

[0348] When the processor 1402 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: receiving first information through the interface circuit 1401, the first information is used to indicate the delay A, and the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first device; sending a request message to the session management function SMF network element through the interface circuit 1401 to request the delay B, and the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; receiving the delay B sent by the SMF through the interface circuit 1401; obtaining the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, and the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device; determining the second information, and the second information includes the delay C; sending the second information to the second TSN device through the interface circuit 1401. In one example, the processor 1402 is also used to carry the delay A in the request message sent to the SMF through the interface circuit 1401. In another example, the processor 1402 is further configured to receive the delay B and the delay A sent by the SMF through the interface circuit 1401.

[0349] In another possible design, the communication device 1400 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 A user plane function SMF network element in any of the methods described, a network device of an SMF network element, or a chip used in a network device.

[0350] When the processor 1402 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: receiving request information from the user plane function UPF network element through the interface circuit 1401, for requesting the second delay and / or the fourth delay; determining to perform local switching, sending the second delay to the UPF through the interface circuit 1401, the second delay including the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the uplink protocol data unit session PDU session and the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, the second delay is used for the UPF to obtain the third delay according to the first delay and the second delay, the first delay including the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first terminal device, and the residence delay in the first terminal device, the third delay including the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device; and / or determining that local switching is not required, sending the fourth delay to the UPF through the interface circuit 1401, the fourth delay including the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the UPF.

[0351] In another possible design, the communication device 1400 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 A user plane function SMF network element in any of the methods described, a network device of an SMF network element, or a chip used in a network device.

[0352] When the processor 1402 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: a request message is received from the user plane function UPF through the interface circuit 1401 to request the seventh delay; the seventh delay is sent to the UPF through the interface circuit 1401, the seventh delay includes the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, the seventh delay is used by the UPF to obtain the third delay based on the sixth delay and the seventh delay, the sixth delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the UPF, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device.

[0353] In another possible design, the communication device 1400 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 A user plane function SMF network element in any of the methods described, a network device of an SMF network element, or a chip used in a network device.

[0354] When the processor 1402 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: receiving a request message from the first device through the interface circuit 1401, the request message is used to request a delay B, and the delay B includes a bridge delay and a transmission delay of a flow from the second device to a second time-sensitive network TSN device;

[0355] The delay B is sent to the first device through the interface circuit 1401, and the delay B is used by the first device to obtain the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B. The delay A includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device, and the delay C includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second TSN device. In one example, the request message of the first device carries the delay A. In another example, the processor 1402 is further used to send the delay B and the delay A to the first device through the interface circuit 1401 when the request message of the first device carries the delay A.

[0356] In another possible design, the communication device 1400 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 A user plane function SMF network element in any of the methods described, a network device of an SMF network element, or a chip used in a network device.

[0357] When the processor 1402 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: receiving a request message from the second device through the interface circuit 1401, the request message is used to request delay B, and the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; sending the delay B to the second device through the interface circuit 1401; the delay B is used by the second device to obtain the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first device, and the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device. In one example, the request message of the second device carries the delay A. In another example, the processor 1402 is also used to send the delay B and the delay A to the second device through the interface circuit 1401 when the request message of the second device carries the delay A.

[0358] See also Fig.15 , Fig.15 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1500 provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the communication device 1500 includes an interface circuit 1501 and a processor 1502, and optionally, also includes a memory 1503. The interface circuit 1501 may be a transceiver or an input / output interface, the memory 1503 is used to store a computer program, and the processor 1502 is coupled to the memory 1503 and the interface circuit 1501.

[0359] In one possible design, the communication device 1500 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 A first terminal device in any one of the methods described in, or a chip used in the first terminal device.

[0360] When the processor 1502 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: first information is received through the interface circuit 1501, where the first information is used to indicate an eighth delay, and the eighth delay includes the delay of transmitting the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first terminal device; a first delay is determined according to the eighth delay, where the first delay includes the delay of transmitting the stream from the talker to the first terminal device and the residence delay in the first terminal device; second information is sent to the user plane function UPF network element through the interface circuit 1501, and the second information includes the first delay.

[0361] In another possible design, the communication device 1500 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 A second terminal device in any one of the methods described in, or a chip used in the second terminal device.

[0362] When the processor 1502 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: receiving first information through the interface circuit 1501, the first information is used to indicate a third delay, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the second terminal device; determining a ninth delay according to the third delay, and the ninth delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device, the residence delay in the second terminal device, and the transmission delay from the second terminal device to the time sensitive network TSN device; sending second information to the TSN device through the interface circuit 1501, and the second information includes the ninth delay.

[0363] In another possible design, the communication device 1500 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 The first device in any one of the methods described in , if it is uplink, the first device may be a terminal device or a chip used in the terminal device; if it is downlink, the first device may be a UPF, or a network device including a UPF, or a chip used in a network device, or the first device and the second device may both be terminal devices or chips used in terminal devices.

[0364] When the processor 1502 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: receiving first information through the interface circuit 1501, the first information is used to indicate the delay A, and the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first device; sending a request message to the session management function SMF network element through the interface circuit 1501 to request the delay B, and the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; receiving the delay B from the SMF through the interface circuit 1501; obtaining the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, and the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device; determining the second information, and the second information includes the delay C; sending the second information to the second device through the interface circuit 1501. In one example, the processor 1502 is also used to carry the delay A in the request message sent to the SMF through the interface circuit 1501. In another example, the processor 1502 is further configured to receive the delay B and the delay A from the SMF through the interface circuit 1501 .

[0365] In another possible design, the communication device 1500 can be used to perform Figures 5 to 11 The second device in any one of the methods described in , if it is uplink, the second device may be a UPF, or a network device including a UPF, or a chip used in a network device; if it is downlink, the second device may be a terminal device or a chip used in a terminal device, or the first device and the second device may both be terminal devices or chips used in terminal devices.

[0366] When the processor 1502 executes the computer program, the following operations are performed: receiving first information through the interface circuit 1501, the first information is used to indicate the delay A, the delay A includes the delay of the flow from the flow service provider talker to the first device; sending a request message to the session management function SMF network element through the interface circuit 1501 to request the delay B, the delay B includes the bridge delay and the transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; receiving the delay B sent by the SMF through the interface circuit 1501; obtaining the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, the delay C includes the delay of the flow from the talker to the second TSN device; determining the second information, the second information includes the delay C; sending the second information to the second TSN device through the interface circuit 1501. In one example, the processor 1502 is also used to carry the delay A in the request message sent to the SMF through the interface circuit 1501. In another example, the processor 1502 is further configured to receive the delay B and the delay A sent by the SMF through the interface circuit 1501.

[0367] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer product, and provides a computer program product, wherein the computer program product includes: a computer program, and when the computer program is run, the method executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiment is executed.

[0368] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes: a computer program, when the computer program is run, the method performed by the network device, UPF network element, or SMF network element in the above method embodiment is executed.

[0369] The embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor for implementing the functions of the terminal side device in the above method embodiment. In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory for storing program instructions and / or data. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0370] The embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor for implementing the functions of the network side device in the above method embodiment. In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory for storing program instructions and / or data. The chip system can be composed of a chip, or it can include a chip and other discrete devices.

[0371] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the method performed by the terminal side device in the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0372] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed, the method performed by the network side device in the above method embodiment is implemented.

[0373] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0374] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0375] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0376] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0377] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0378] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0379] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be essentially or partly embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage media include: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM), random access memories (RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0380] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: include: The user plane function UPF network element receives first information, where the first information is used to indicate a first delay, where the first delay includes a delay for transmitting a stream from a stream service provider talker to a first terminal device, and a residence delay in the first terminal device; When the UPF determines to perform local switching, the UPF requests a second delay from the session management function SMF network element, and obtains a third delay according to the first delay and the second delay, wherein the second delay includes a packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to an uplink protocol data unit session PDU session and a downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, and the third delay includes a delay for the flow to be transmitted from the talker to the second terminal device; and / or When the UPF determines that local switching is not required, the UPF requests a fourth delay from the SMF, and obtains a fifth delay based on the first delay and the fourth delay, the fourth delay including the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the UPF, and the fifth delay including the delay of transmitting the stream from the talker to the UPF, the residence delay in the UPF, and the transmission delay from the UPF to the time-sensitive network TSN device.

2. A communication method, characterized in that: include: A first device receives first information, where the first information is used to indicate a delay A, where the delay A includes a delay for a stream to be transmitted from a stream service provider talker to the first device; The first device sends a request message to the session management function SMF network element to request a delay B, where the delay B includes a bridge delay and a transmission delay of the flow from the second device to the second time-sensitive network TSN device; The first device receives the time delay B from the SMF; The first device acquires a delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, where the delay C includes a delay for the stream to be transmitted from the talker to the second TSN device; The first device determines second information, where the second information includes the delay C; The first device sends the second information to the second device.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The first device sends a request message to a session management function SMF network element, including: The request message sent by the first device to the SMF carries the delay A.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The first device receives the time delay B from the SMF, comprising: The first device receives the delay B and the delay A from the SMF.

5. A communication method, characterized in that: include: The second device receives first information, where the first information is used to indicate a delay A, where the delay A includes a delay for transmitting a stream from a stream service provider talker to the first device; The second device sends a request message to the session management function SMF network element to request a delay B, where the delay B includes a bridge delay and a transmission delay of a flow from the second device to a second time-sensitive network TSN device; The second device receives the delay B sent by the SMF; The second device acquires a delay C according to the delay A and the delay B, where the delay C includes a delay for the stream to be transmitted from the talker to the second TSN device; The second device determines second information, where the second information includes the delay C; The second device sends the second information to the second TSN device.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The second device sends a request message to a session management function SMF network element, including: The request message sent by the second device to the SMF carries the delay A.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The second device receiving the delay B sent by the SMF includes: The second device receives the delay B and the delay A sent by the SMF.

8. A communication method, characterized in that: include: The first terminal device receives first information, where the first information is used to indicate an eighth delay, where the eighth delay includes a delay for transmitting a stream from a stream service provider talker to the first terminal device; The first terminal device determines a first delay according to the eighth delay, where the first delay includes a delay for transmitting a flow from the talker to the first terminal device, and a residence delay in the first terminal device, where the residence delay includes a transmission and processing delay of the flow in the first terminal device, or a maximum time consumption of the flow in the first terminal device, or a total time consumption for transmission and processing of the flow between a device-side delay-sensitive network converter DS-TT and the first terminal device; The first terminal device sends second information to the user plane function UPF network element, and the second information includes the first delay.

9. A communication method, characterized in that: include: The second terminal device receives first information, where the first information is used to indicate a third delay, where the third delay includes a delay for transmitting a stream from a stream service provider talker to the second terminal device; The second terminal device determines a ninth delay according to the third delay, where the ninth delay includes a delay in transmitting the stream from the talker to the second terminal device, a residence delay in the second terminal device, and a transmission delay from the second terminal device to a time-sensitive network TSN device; The second terminal device sends second information to the TSN device, where the second information includes the ninth time delay.

10. A communication method, characterized in that: include: The session management function SMF network element receives request information from the user plane function UPF network element, which is used to request the second delay and / or the fourth delay; The SMF determines to perform local switching, and the SMF sends the second delay to the UPF, where the second delay includes the packet delay budget PDB value corresponding to the uplink protocol data unit session PDU session and the downlink protocol data unit session PDU session of the UPF, and the second delay is used by the UPF to obtain the third delay according to the first delay and the second delay, where the first delay includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first terminal device, and the resident delay in the first terminal device, and the third delay includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second terminal device; and / or The SMF determines that local switching is not required, and the SMF sends the fourth delay to the UPF, where the fourth delay includes the PDB value corresponding to the uplink PDU session of the UPF.

11. A communication method, characterized in that: include: The session management function SMF network element receives a request message from the first device, wherein the request message is used to request a delay B, wherein the delay B includes a bridge delay and a transmission delay of a flow from the second device to a second time-sensitive network TSN device; The SMF sends the delay B to the first device, and the delay B is used by the first device to obtain the delay C according to the delay A and the delay B. The delay A includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device, and the delay C includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second TSN device.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The request message of the first device carries the delay A.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that When the request message of the first device carries the delay A, the SMF sends the delay B to the first device, including: The SMF sends the delay B and the delay A to the first device.

14. A communication method, characterized in that: include: The session management function SMF network element receives a request message from the second device, wherein the request message is used to request a delay B, wherein the delay B includes a bridge delay and a transmission delay of a flow from the second device to a second time-sensitive network TSN device; The SMF sends the delay B to the second device; the delay B is used by the second device to obtain the delay C based on the delay A and the delay B, the delay A includes the delay of the stream from the stream service provider talker to the first device, and the delay C includes the delay of the stream from the talker to the second TSN device.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The request message of the second device carries the delay A.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that When the request message of the second device carries the delay A, the SMF sends the delay B to the second device, including: The SMF sends the delay B and the delay A to the second device.

17. A communication device, characterized in that: Comprising means for performing the method of any one of claims 1, 2 to 4, 5 to 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 to 13 or 14 to 16.

18. A communication device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to receive a signal from other communication devices other than the communication device and transmit it to the processor or send a signal from the processor to other communication devices other than the communication device, and the processor is used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1, 2 to 4, 5 to 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 to 13 or 14 to 16 through a logic circuit or executing a computer program.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1, 2 to 4, 5 to 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 to 13 or 14 to 16 is implemented.

20. A communication system, characterized in that: include: The user plane function UPF network element according to claim 1, the first terminal device according to claim 8, and the second terminal device according to claim 9; or The UPF network element according to claim 1, the first terminal device according to claim 8, and the session management function SMF network element according to claim 10; or The second terminal device as claimed in claim 9; or The UPF network element as claimed in claim 1, the first terminal device as claimed in claim 8, the second terminal device as claimed in claim 9, and the SMF network element as claimed in claim 10; or The first device according to claim 2 and the SMF network element according to any one of claims 11 to 13; or The second device as described in any one of claims 5 to 7 and the SMF network element as described in any one of claims 14 to 16.

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