A solid phase extraction device and control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solid-phase extraction device and control method, relating to the field of extraction technology. The solid-phase extraction device specifically comprises a tube, activated carbon disposed within the tube for adsorbing target components, and at least one set of DC electric field generating components disposed outside the tube that generate a first electric field to alter the adsorption properties of the activated carbon, enabling it to adsorb different types of target components. The device aims to improve the versatility of existing solid-phase extraction kits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of extraction technology, in particular to a solid phase extraction device and a control method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of sample analysis, raw samples generally cannot be directly analyzed using instruments. Sample preparation and pretreatment are required to convert the raw samples into an analyzable state.

[0003] Sample preparation generally involves crushing, mixing, and fractionation. The goal is to fully dissociate the components to be tested from the sample and distribute them evenly throughout the mixture, ensuring that any portion taken during analysis represents the composition of the entire sample. The purpose of pretreatment is to eliminate interfering factors in the prepared sample and retain the target components.

[0004] During the pretreatment process, different pretreatment methods need to be selected according to the different physical and chemical characteristics of the target components. Commonly used methods for organic components include solvent extraction, solid phase extraction, distillation, chemical separation, etc.

[0005] Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is a sample pretreatment method based on chromatography theory. It utilizes a selectively adsorbed solid adsorbent to adsorb the target component in a liquid sample, separating it from the sample matrix and interfering compounds. The target component is then eluted with an eluent or desorbed by heating to isolate, enrich, and purify the target component. Compared to traditional liquid-liquid extraction, SPE offers advantages such as strong selectivity, short separation time, high recovery, resistance to emulsification, low organic solvent usage, and ease of automation. It is widely used in water quality testing, pharmaceuticals, environmental analysis, food analysis, and tobacco analysis.

[0006] However, in order to achieve better extraction effects, solid-phase extraction requires selecting adsorbent fillers corresponding to target components according to different target components to improve the adsorption effect, and selecting suitable eluents to improve the elution and separation effect. This makes the versatility of solid-phase extraction kits poor, which greatly affects the scope of use of solid-phase extraction kits. How to improve the versatility of solid-phase extraction kits has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a solid phase extraction device and a control method, aiming to improve the versatility of the existing solid phase extraction kit.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention proposes a solid-phase extraction device, comprising a tube body, activated carbon arranged in the tube body for adsorbing target components, and at least one set of DC electric field generating components arranged on the outside of the tube body that can generate a first electric field for changing the adsorption characteristics of the activated carbon so that the activated carbon can adsorb different types of target components.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present application, the DC electric field generating component includes a first electrode and a second electrode that are arranged opposite to each other.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present application, the solid phase extraction device further includes: at least one set of AC electric field generating components arranged outside the tube body and capable of generating a second electric field for enriching the target component on the activated carbon and improving the purity of the target component.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present application, the AC electric field generating component includes a third electrode and a fourth electrode that are arranged opposite to each other.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, a lower sieve plate is further provided at the liquid outlet of the tube body to prevent the activated carbon from falling.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, an upper sieve plate is further provided at the liquid inlet of the tube body, which cooperates with the lower sieve plate to limit the movement of the activated carbon.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the aperture of the lower sieve plate is 300 mesh.

[0015] The present application also discloses a control method for a solid phase extraction device, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Obtain the working status of the solid phase extraction device;

[0017] When the fixed extraction device is in the column washing state, the first electric field is turned on, and the voltage change rate of the alternating current is controlled to be high when it rises and low when it falls.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, when the fixed extraction device is in the elution state, the first electric field is controlled to be turned off, and the voltage change rate of the alternating current is low when it rises, and high when it falls.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the activated carbon and the DC electric field cooperate with each other to achieve the adsorption of different polar substances by the activated carbon, thereby improving the versatility of the solid phase extraction device. When adsorbing substances, there is no need to frequently replace the adsorbent. Only the voltage of the electric field needs to be changed to achieve the adsorption of different polar substances by the activated carbon. The structure is simple and easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a main diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a top view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is the DC voltage waveform during column washing.

[0024] Figure 4 This is the AC voltage waveform during column washing.

[0025] Figure 5 This is the DC voltage waveform during elution.

[0026] Figure 6 This is the AC voltage waveform during elution. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a solid phase extraction device, comprising a tube body 10, activated carbon 20 arranged in the tube body 10 for adsorbing target components, and at least one group of DC electric field generating components arranged on the outside of the tube body 10 and capable of generating a first electric field for changing the adsorption characteristics of the activated carbon 20 so that the activated carbon 20 can adsorb different types of target components.

[0029] Specifically, a solid phase extraction device includes a tube body 10, activated carbon 20, and at least one set of direct current electric field generating components.

[0030] The tube body 10 is in the shape of an elongated strip, with the liquid inlet 11 of the tube body 10 being an expanded opening and the liquid outlet 12 of the tube body 10 being a contracted opening. Setting the liquid inlet 11 of the tube body 10 as an expanded opening can facilitate the addition of samples; setting the liquid outlet 12 of the tube body 10 as a contracted opening can extend the residence time of the sample in the tube body 10, thereby extending the adsorption time of the target component by the activated carbon 20. The tube body 10 is made of a plastic material, which has the advantages of being light in weight, low in cost, and easy to manufacture. Of course, according to the design requirements, the tube body 10 can also be made of a transparent glass material, which has the advantages of being strong in supporting capacity, low in cost, and having strong wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0031] In the present invention, there is no specific limitation on the type and amount of activated carbon 20 adsorbent. Depending on the target analyte, various commonly used activated carbon 20 adsorbents can be used. Those skilled in the art can learn about their structures and preparation methods from technical manuals or through conventional experimental methods.

[0032] For ease of understanding, this application uses granular activated carbon 20 with an average particle size of 100 to 200 mesh (75 μm to 150 μm) as an example. The granular activated carbon 20 is accumulated in the tube body 10. When a sample liquid is added through the liquid inlet 11 of the tube body 10, the granular activated carbon 20 in the tube body 10 can adsorb the target components in the sample liquid.

[0033] The DC electric field generator generates a DC electric field. An electric field is a special substance that exists in the space surrounding electric charges and a changing magnetic field. Unlike ordinary physical objects, this substance is not composed of molecules or atoms, but it is a truly unique entity with the same properties as ordinary matter, such as force and energy. The force of an electric field is manifested in its ability to exert a force on any charges placed within it, known as the electric field force. Because activated carbon 20 is a conductor with a conductivity between 0.7 and 0.85, the electric field forces the activated carbon 20 to produce electrostatic induction, thereby increasing its adsorption capacity for polar molecules. By varying the voltage, the intensity of the DC electric field changes, which in turn alters the adsorption characteristics of the activated carbon 20 within the field, enabling the adsorption of different target components.

[0034] For example, when the DC electric field voltage reaches 2200V, the activated carbon 20's adsorption capacity for malachite green increases significantly. As the DC electric field voltage continues to increase, the activated carbon 20's adsorption capacity for malachite green gradually decreases. It can be expected that the strong adsorption capacity for malachite green at a voltage of 2200V does not necessarily mean that the activated carbon 20 lacks the ability to adsorb other polar substances.

[0035] When the DC electric field components are a group, the DC electric field components are arranged on the outer side wall of the tube body 10;

[0036] When there are two groups of DC electric field components, the two groups of DC electric fields can form a superposition field of the DC electric fields.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the activated carbon 20 and the DC electric field cooperate with each other to achieve the adsorption of different polar substances by the activated carbon 20, thereby improving the versatility of the solid phase extraction device. When adsorbing substances, there is no need to frequently replace the adsorbent. Only the voltage of the electric field needs to be changed to achieve the adsorption of different polar substances by the activated carbon 20. The structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, the DC electric field generating assembly includes a first electrode 30 and a second electrode 40 that are arranged opposite to each other.

[0039] Specifically, the first electrode 30 and the second electrode 40 are arranged opposite to each other. The first electrode 30 and the second electrode 40 are made of graphite materials commonly used in the prior art. Of course, copper-tungsten alloy and the like can also be used according to design requirements.

[0040] The first electrode 30 and the second electrode 40 cooperate with each other to form a DC electric field to change the adsorption properties of the activated carbon 20 .

[0041] The above technical solution has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present application, the solid phase extraction device further includes: at least one set of AC electric field generating components arranged outside the tube body 10 and capable of generating a second electric field for enriching the target component on the activated carbon 20 and improving the purity of the target component.

[0043] Specifically, the solid phase extraction device also includes an AC electric field generating component.

[0044] The AC electric field generating component can generate an AC electric field, which refers to an electric field with alternating current, and an electric field whose electric field intensity changes with time.

[0045] During the adsorption stage, the working process of the AC electric field is as follows: the AC electric field first gives a high voltage in a very short time. At this time, the polarity of most polar substances in the sample solution will be enhanced. At this time, with the action of the DC electric field, most of the polar substances in the solution will be adsorbed on the activated carbon 20 under the action of the electric field force. It can be imagined that the target components in the sample solution will also be enhanced in the adsorption effect, thereby achieving the enrichment of the target components. After the enrichment is completed, since the polarity enhancement is completed in a short time, the enhanced property is weak. At this time, the voltage of the AC electric field is slowly reduced. As the voltage decreases, the polarity of the non-target components will be weakened, and they will fall off from the surface of the activated carbon 20 under the action of gravity and solvent force. The polarity of the target component matches the DC electric field, thereby maintaining the adsorption state.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the target component can be enriched and purified on the activated carbon 20 through the regulation of the alternating electric field, which reduces the adsorption time of the activated carbon 20 on the target component and increases the adsorption concentration. The structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present application, the AC electric field generating assembly includes a third electrode 50 and a fourth electrode 60 that are disposed opposite to each other.

[0048] Specifically, the third electrode 50 and the fourth electrode 60 are arranged opposite to each other. The third electrode 50 and the fourth electrode 60 are made of graphite material commonly used in the prior art. Of course, copper-tungsten alloy and the like can also be used according to design requirements.

[0049] The third electrode 50 and the fourth electrode 60 cooperate with each other to form an alternating current electric field to achieve enrichment of the target component by the activated carbon 20 and shorten the adsorption time.

[0050] The above technical solution has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present application, a lower sieve plate is further provided at the liquid outlet 12 of the tube body 10 for preventing the activated carbon 20 from falling.

[0052] Specifically, a lower sieve plate is mounted at the liquid outlet 12 of the tube body 10. The lower sieve plate is made of polyethylene, which has the advantages of being lightweight, low-cost, and easy to manufacture. Of course, other materials, such as glass, can also be used depending on the design requirements. The lower sieve plate serves to support the activated carbon 20 and prevent it from falling.

[0053] The lower sieve plate is detachably mounted within the tube body 10, such as by snap-fitting, screwing, or the like. This detachable connection facilitates installation and removal of the lower sieve plate, facilitating subsequent maintenance. Of course, depending on design requirements, the lower sieve plate and the tube body 10 may also be fixedly connected. This fixed connection enhances the strength of the connection between the lower sieve plate and the tube body 10, thereby improving the stability of the lower sieve plate during operation.

[0054] The aperture of the lower sieve plate is preferably 300 mesh (53 um). Setting the aperture of the lower sieve plate to 300 mesh can adapt to the diameter of most activated carbon 20 on the market and prevent the activated carbon 20 from falling from the lower sieve plate.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present application, an upper sieve plate is further provided at the liquid inlet 11 of the tube body 10 , which cooperates with the lower sieve plate to limit the movement of the activated carbon 20 .

[0056] Specifically, an upper sieve plate is mounted at the liquid inlet 11 of the tube body 10. The upper sieve plate is made of polyethylene, which has the advantages of being lightweight, low-cost, and easy to manufacture. Of course, other materials, such as glass, can also be used depending on the design requirements. The upper sieve plate serves to confine the activated carbon 20 and prevent it from overflowing.

[0057] The upper sieve plate is detachably mounted within the tube body 10, such as by snap-fitting, screwing, or the like. This detachable connection facilitates installation and removal of the upper sieve plate, facilitating subsequent maintenance. Of course, depending on design requirements, the upper sieve plate and the tube body 10 may also be fixedly connected. This fixed connection enhances the strength of the connection between the upper sieve plate and the tube body 10, thereby improving the stability of the upper sieve plate during operation.

[0058] The aperture of the upper sieve plate is preferably 300 mesh (53 um). Setting the aperture of the upper sieve plate to 300 mesh can adapt to the diameter of most activated carbon 20 on the market and prevent the activated carbon 20 from overflowing from the upper sieve plate.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present application, the aperture of the lower sieve plate is 300 mesh.

[0060] The present application also discloses a control method for a solid phase extraction device, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Obtain the working status of the solid phase extraction device;

[0062] When the fixed extraction device is in the column washing state, the first electric field is turned on, and the voltage change rate of the alternating current is controlled to be high when it rises and low when it falls.

[0063] Specifically, the current state of the fixed extraction device is obtained, and the current state includes the column washing state, the elution state, and the like.

[0064] When the fixed extraction device is in the column washing state, it indicates that the activated carbon 20 is required to adsorb the target component. At this time, the first electric field is controlled to operate. By controlling the voltage of the AC electric field, its working principle is as follows: the AC electric field first gives a high voltage for a very short time. At this time, the polarity of most polar substances in the sample solution will be enhanced. At this time, combined with the effect of the DC electric field, most of the polar substances in the solution will be adsorbed on the activated carbon 20 under the action of the electric field force. It can be imagined that the target component in the sample solution will also be enhanced in the adsorption effect, thereby achieving the enrichment of the target component. After the enrichment is completed, since the polarity enhancement is actually completed in a short time, the enhanced property is relatively weak. At this time, the voltage of the AC electric field is slowly reduced. As the voltage decreases, the polarity of the non-target components will be weakened, and they will fall off from the surface of the activated carbon 20 under the action of gravity and solvent forces. The polarity of the target component matches the DC electric field, thereby maintaining the adsorption state.

[0065] The adsorption time is shortened and the adsorption efficiency is improved.

[0066] In one embodiment of the present application, when the fixed extraction device is in the elution state, the first electric field is controlled to be turned off, and the voltage change rate of the alternating current is low when it rises, and high when it falls.

[0067] Specifically, when the fixed extraction device is in the elution state, it means that the target component on the activated carbon 20 needs to be stripped off. At this time, the AC electric field first slowly increases the voltage over a very long time. At this time, the polarity of most polar substances in the sample solution will be slowly enhanced. The DC electric field is turned off at this time. Since there is no DC electric field force, the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon 20 is weakened. Most of the polar substances in the solution will be adsorbed on the surface of the activated carbon 20 under the action of the electric field force and enriched. Then the voltage of the AC electric field is suddenly reduced, so that the activated carbon 20 loses its bondage to the target component, thereby facilitating the rapid elution of the target component.

[0068] The adoption of the above technical solution improves the elution efficiency of the target component.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made by using the contents of the present invention description and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for a solid phase extraction device, characterized in that: The solid phase extraction device includes a tube body, activated carbon disposed in the tube body for adsorbing target components, and at least one set of DC electric field generating components disposed outside the tube body and capable of generating a first electric field for changing the adsorption characteristics of the activated carbon so that the activated carbon can adsorb different types of target components; The solid phase extraction device further comprises: at least one set of AC electric field generating components disposed outside the tube body and capable of generating a second electric field for reducing the adsorption time of the target component; The control method of the solid phase extraction device comprises the following steps: Obtain the working status of the solid phase extraction device; When the solid phase extraction device is in the column washing state, the first electric field is turned on, and the voltage change rate of the second electric field is controlled to be high when it rises and low when it falls.

2. The control method of the solid phase extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the solid phase extraction device is in the elution state, the first electric field is controlled to be closed, and the voltage change rate of the second electric field is low when it rises and high when it falls.

3. A solid phase extraction device, characterized in that: A control method for implementing the solid phase extraction device according to any one of claims 1 to 2; The DC electric field generating component in the solid phase extraction device includes a first electrode and a second electrode that are arranged opposite to each other.

4. The solid phase extraction device according to claim 3, characterized in that The AC electric field generating component includes a third electrode and a fourth electrode that are arranged opposite to each other.

5. The solid phase extraction device according to claim 3, characterized in that A lower sieve plate is also provided at the liquid outlet of the tube body to prevent the activated carbon from falling.

6. The solid phase extraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that An upper sieve plate cooperating with the lower sieve plate and used to limit the movement of the activated carbon is also provided at the liquid inlet of the tube body.

7. The solid phase extraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that The aperture of the lower sieve plate is 300 meshes.

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