A method for collecting basic data of power cable channel

Abstract

The application provides a power cable channel basic data collection method, comprising the following steps: step s1, setting data collection accuracy; step s2, ensuring data collection accuracy; step s3, data collection specification; step s4, data collection implementation method; step s5, collection operation process; step s6, cable and channel path collection; and step s7, cable well opening cover collection. The technical scheme can realize data collection in multiple scenes by using one method.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cable maintenance, in particular to a power cable channel basic data collection method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The laying mode of cables is widely used in urban power lines. Due to different construction years, construction subjects and construction standards, the basic information of the structure, form, inspection wells and internal cable resource usage of the cable channel is incomplete, which restricts the daily inspection and maintenance work. Therefore, the basic data collection of the cable and the corresponding channel for power transmission is particularly important. The existing cable channel basic data collection is realized by relying on a single type of mobile terminal collection tool, and cannot realize the precision difference requirements of different collection points. The existing cable channel basic data collection method does not distinguish the specific application scenarios (pipe and channel) and naming standards. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a power cable channel basic data collection method to realize data collection in multiple scenarios.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a power cable channel basic data collection method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step s1: setting the data collection accuracy;

[0006] Step s2: ensuring data collection accuracy;

[0007] Step s3: data collection specification;

[0008] Step s4: data collection implementation method;

[0009] Step s5: collection operation process;

[0010] Step s6: cable and channel path collection;

[0011] Step s7: cable well cover opening collection.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the step s1 specifically comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step s11: hidden pipeline point exploration accuracy: for a single pipeline, the plane position limit difference δts is 0.10h; the buried depth limit difference δth is 0.15h; the plane position limit difference δts is 0.20h; and the buried depth limit difference δth is 0.30h;

[0014] Step s12: measurement accuracy of obvious pipeline points: the plane position measurement mean square error ms is not greater than ±5cm; and the height measurement mean square error mh is not greater than ±3cm;

[0015] Step s13: Trenchless directional drilling pipeline detection accuracy: plane position limit difference δts: 0.5%L, buried depth limit difference δth: 0.3%L, where L is the length of the pipeline entering and leaving the ground, in meters, when L < 100 meters, the limit difference formula is calculated by taking 100 meters, the coordinate point sampling density is not greater than 1 meter;

[0016] Step s14: Buried well detection accuracy: plane position limit difference δts: 0.5 meters;

[0017] Step s15: Collecting coordinates uniformly uses the CGCS2000 national geodetic coordinate system, and the elevation system uses the 1985 national elevation datum.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the step s2 specifically comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step s21: Electrical connection logic is accurate to interval, intermediate equipment is not missed, and a complete single-line diagram is formed;

[0020] Step s22: For single-core cables, identify loop properties and A / B / C phases;

[0021] Step s23: For three-core cables, identify loop properties;

[0022] Step s24: For intermediate joints, identify the location and the name of the line to which they belong;

[0023] Step s25: Channel assurance identifies type, interconnection relationship, and geometric dimensions;

[0024] Using the digital acquisition and coding mode, a closed-loop data flow is formed from the start of the project to the completion and acceptance of the project, and quality checks of not less than 3 times are performed on the logic, completeness, and consistency of the data to ensure data quality.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the step s3 specifically comprises the following steps: underground cable path detection, cable pipe, well resource data survey and collection, cable identity recognition and labeling, and data modeling; For attribute data of cable resources, obtain from field collection records and related business systems, and check and update various types of information of the related business systems during data acquisition and data processing; For various types of power grid resource photos, clear photos are taken and saved simultaneously with data acquisition work for modeling use; Cable orientation and path field survey and modeling ensure completion based on drawings;

[0026] Step s31: Underground cable path detection and identity recognition, using cable recognition instruments and tracking instruments to detect accurate path information of the cable and identify the identity of the cable in each cable well on the path.

[0027] Step s311: underground cable path detection, the cable path detection content includes cable path detection, cable starting point, cable end point, cable inflection point, cable intermediate joint, cable branch box key equipment coordinate collection, and the data account information is perfected in combination with the trench general survey situation; the specific standard is as follows:

[0028] (1) the actual laying path and direction of the cable are detected, and CAD format achievement materials are drawn; the path graph completely covers the cable manhole, cable inflection point, cable starting point, cable end point and cable connection device information along the whole cable path;

[0029] (2) the cable connection device, cable well, cable inflection point, cable branch point and cable intermediate joint key point coordinates are collected;

[0030] (3) the cable starting point, end point device information and related connection relationship are recorded;

[0031] (4) the cable inflection point position needs to be marked during the operation, and an identification plate is uniformly hung;

[0032] Step s312: cable identity recognition, using detection recognition instrument, starting from the starting point of the substation or station building, the cables are identified one by one, and the corresponding relationship of the detected cables is identified;

[0033] Step s32: cable pipe resource data general survey specific information, including:

[0034] Step s321: geographic coordinate information; using professional measuring equipment to collect cable well, cable inflection point, cable branch point key point coordinates on the cable corridor, meeting the measurement accuracy requirements;

[0035] Step s322: cable well attribute information; including: a) recording the pipe type; b) pipe hole material; c) cable well attribute; d) cable trench information;

[0036] Step s33: cable well profile information;

[0037] The cable well section pipe hole name is composed of cable well name, section name and pipe hole two-dimensional code;

[0038] Section name: follow the principle of the large side of the cable well name facing the small name of the cable well, that is, the section of the current cable well faces the section name of the small well, which is A, and the rest is named in the clockwise direction of A section, represented by letters B, C and D;

[0039] Cable worker well hole coding: take the large side of the worker well as the benchmark, use two-dimensional numbering, and use Arabic numerals. The horizontal direction increases from left to right, and the vertical direction increases from bottom to top.

[0040] Cable well photo shooting: shoot photos of each side of the cable well, and shoot 7 clear cable well photos respectively.

[0041] Step s34: Cable channel worker well coding;

[0042] Cable channel worker well digital coding follows the following principles: east-west road cable worker well coding from east to west; north-south road cable worker well coding from south to north; specific including (1) cable worker well coding with road name, (2) cable worker well coding without road name, (3) cable worker well coding located in independent areas such as communities and factory areas, and public places such as hospitals and parks, (4) newly added cable worker well coding, (5) virtual cable worker well coding, (6) hidden cable worker well coding, (7) intersection cable worker well coding, (8) reverse cable worker well coding, and (9) coding of multiple cable corridors on the same side.

[0043] Step 35: Cable worker well name coding account record;

[0044] On-site records and formation of standardized cable coding list, cable well coding list, inflection point coding list, cable well internal cable statistics list, coordinate point statistics list, and cable account;

[0045] Step 36: Data collection results arrangement standard;

[0046] Step 361: Original data arrangement; the data collection construction unit will improve the original data according to the data collection requirements, according to the unified data collection on-site record template, and save it as part of the results;

[0047] Step 362: Equipment account data arrangement; according to the power grid resource graphic management system template, the on-site collected spatial data and attribute data are arranged into a table, including: cable starting point, ending point, cable well, inflection point, and intermediate joint basic information; and the on-site collected various equipment account information is classified and arranged into cable well coding list, inflection point coding list, cable well internal cable statistics list, and cable account;

[0048] Step 363: Photo data arrangement; cable well photo arrangement requirements are as follows:

[0049] a) The photos of the four sections in the well are named according to "cable well name + east-south-north";

[0050] b) The photo name of the inside front of the cable well is named according to "cable well name + before construction"; the information of each face of the cable well photo and the cable well section view are consistent;

[0051] c) the manhole cover photo is named after the cable well name;

[0052] Step 364: CAD mapping of data collection results.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, step s4 specifically comprises: selecting a collection device that can meet the data accuracy requirements for data collection, using appropriate data collection methods, and conducting methodological experiments as needed to verify whether the instrument accuracy meets the requirements and whether the collection method is feasible.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, step s5 specifically comprises:

[0055] The data collection operation process mainly includes seven steps of pre-data preparation, cable direction detection, cable well cover opening collection, cable well measurement, cable well and intermediate joint label, hidden danger investigation, and result photo shooting, as shown in the figure.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, step s6 specifically comprises:

[0057] The data collection group gradually collects cable basic data from the starting position of the cable line, and the collection content mainly includes:

[0058] Substation: Collect the spatial coordinates of the substation and the overall photo of the substation house;

[0059] Cable direction: The data collection group gradually detects the cable direction from the starting position of the cable line, records the cable path and basic information of the cable, marks the cable inflection point position, and finally forms a cable path map;

[0060] Cable channel: While detecting the cable path, the basic information and path of the cable channel are detected and a cable channel path map is formed. The cable channel is an underground channel path formed by the burial between two or more cable wells;

[0061] Cable label information statistics: According to the collected cable and channel collection data, the label information needed to be made is sorted out.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, step s7 specifically comprises:

[0063] During the cable direction detection process, the cable well through which the cable passes needs to be opened, and the internal information of the cable well is recorded, mainly including the following matters:

[0064] (1) The identity of the cable in the cable well is identified by a professional pipeline detector, and a temporary cable label information is hung;

[0065] (2) draw cable well profile includes: the number of pipe holes, column number, diameter, etc., while recording cable pipe type, pipe hole material; cable pipe trench, cable well section, draw the section of the four directions in the cable well according to the field cable laying mode;

[0066] (3) cable well, cable equipment attribute information collection, including cable well coordinates, well length, well width, well depth; cable well cover plate material, size, shape; cable pipe, trench, tunnel, bridge, direct buried, drag pipe;

[0067] (4) install the signboard of cable, cable well and channel.

[0068] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] 1. The power cable channel basic data collection specification is proposed based on path detection and identity recognition.

[0070] 2. The data collection method suitable for the accuracy requirement of power cable channel basic data collection and the selection of field conditions is proposed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0071] Figure 1 The cable well profile schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0072] Figure 2 The cable well naming schematic diagram with road name of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0073] Figure 3 The cable well naming schematic diagram without road name of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0074] Figure 4 The cable well naming schematic diagram located in the independent area such as community, factory area and public place such as hospital and park of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0075] Figure 5 The newly added cable well naming schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Figure 6 The newly added cable well schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0077] Figure 7 The intersection cable well naming schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Figure 8 The reverse cable well naming schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0079] Figure 9 The naming 1 schematic diagram of the same side multi-loop cable corridor of the preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0080] Figure 10 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a same-side multi-cable corridor for a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0081] Figure 11 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a radar slice for a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0082] Figure 12 Figure 4 is a flow chart of a data collection operation for a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0083] Figure 13 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a cable corridor for a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0084] Figure 14 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a cable corridor data collection pricing system for a preferred embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0086] The above description is only preferred embodiments of the present application, and any equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.

[0087] A power cable corridor basic data collection method, with reference to Figures 1 to 14 , comprising the following steps:

[0088] 1. Data collection accuracy setting

[0089] The pipeline point of cable and corridor detection and positioning refers to the center point of the pipeline and auxiliary facilities, which is divided into hidden pipeline points and obvious pipeline points. The hidden pipeline point refers to the point detected by instruments or excavated and sampled due to the need for pipeline concealment. The obvious pipeline point refers to the point whose projected center position is obvious and can be directly positioned in the field.

[0090] (1) The exploration accuracy of hidden pipeline points: for a single pipeline, the plane position limit difference δts: 0.10h; the buried depth limit difference δth: 0.15h. In view of the current equipment technical conditions, for multiple pipelines in parallel, high-low voltage co-running / co-ditch, and buried depth ≥6 meters, the detection accuracy is allowed to be reasonably reduced, the plane position limit difference δts: 0.20h; the buried depth limit difference δth: 0.30h, but in the result submission, it is ensured to be specially marked as an estimated value, and only for reference in data use, and a safety margin is increased. (In the formula, h is the center buried depth of the cable, in meters, when h<1 meter, 1 meter is substituted into the limit difference formula for calculation.)

[0091] (2) The measurement accuracy of the obvious pipeline point: the plane position measurement error ms is not more than ± 5 cm (relative to the adjacent analytical control point); the elevation measurement error mh is not more than ± 3 cm (relative to the adjacent elevation control point).

[0092] (3) The detection accuracy of the non-excavation directional drilling pipeline: the plane position limit difference δts is 0.5% L, and the buried depth limit difference δth is 0.3% L, where L is the length of the pipeline entering and exiting the ground, in meters, and when L < 100 meters, the limit difference formula is calculated by replacing L with 100 meters. The coordinate point sampling density is not more than 1 meter.

[0093] (4) The detection accuracy of the buried well: the plane position limit difference δts is 0.5 meters.

[0094] (5) The coordinate system used for collection is the CGCS2000 national geodetic coordinate system, and the elevation system is the 1985 national elevation datum.

[0095] 2. Data collection accuracy

[0096] (1) The electrical connection logic is accurate to the interval, there is no omission of intermediate devices, and a complete single-line diagram is formed.

[0097] (2) For single-core cables, identify the loop properties and A / B / C phases.

[0098] (3) For three-core cables, identify the loop properties.

[0099] (4) For intermediate joints, identify the location and the name of the line to which they belong.

[0100] (5) The channel ensures that the type, connection relationship, and geometric size are identified.

[0101] Using the digital collection and modeling mode, a closed-loop data flow is formed from the start of the project to the completion and acceptance of the project, and the logic, completeness, and consistency of the data are checked at least three times to ensure data quality.

[0102] 3. Data collection specifications

[0103] The work content of cable data collection and modeling mainly includes: underground cable path detection (including cable starting point, ending point, and inflection point coordinate collection), cable pipe (tunnel), well resource data survey and collection, cable identity recognition and labeling, and data modeling. For the attribute data of cable resources, it is mainly obtained from field collection records and related business systems, and the various types of information of the related business systems are checked and updated during data collection and data processing. For various types of power grid resource photos, clear photos are taken and saved simultaneously with data collection work for modeling use. The cable route and path are surveyed and modeled to ensure that they are based on the as-built drawings.

[0104] 3.1 Underground cable path detection and identity recognition

[0105] The accurate path information of the cable is detected by using professional instruments such as cable identifier and tracer, and the identity of the cable in each cable well on the path is identified.

[0106] (1) Underground cable path detection

[0107] The cable path detection includes the collection of coordinates of key equipment such as cable path detection, cable starting point, cable ending point, cable turning point, cable intermediate joint, cable branch box, and the data account information is improved in combination with the trench survey. The specific standards are as follows:

[0108] The actual burial path and direction of the cable are detected, and CAD format results are drawn. The path diagram ensures that the cable well, cable turning point, cable starting point, cable ending point, cable hanging device and other information on the entire cable path are covered.

[0109] The coordinates of key points such as cable connection equipment (station building, tower, etc.), cable well, cable turning point, cable branch point, and cable intermediate joint are collected to ensure that the measurement accuracy requirements are met.

[0110] The cable starting point, ending point device information and related connection relationship are recorded.

[0111] The cable turning point position needs to be marked during the operation, and an identification plate needs to be hung uniformly.

[0112] (2) Cable identity recognition

[0113] Using detection and identification instruments, the identity of the cable is identified one by one from the starting point of the substation or station building, and the corresponding relationship of the detected cable is accurately identified 100%.

[0114] 3.2 Cable pipe (trench) resource data survey specific information

[0115] The underground cable pipe (trench) resource data survey includes underground cable pipe trench basic information collection, cable well coding, and on-site installation of cable corridor identification plate. It includes direct burial, pipe, cable trench, tunnel, bridge, and underwater power cable channels.

[0116] The cable pipe (trench) resource data is surveyed, and the data survey content mainly includes the coordinates of key points such as cable well, cable turning point, cable intermediate joint, and cable branch point through which the cable pipe (trench) passes, and the basic attribute information of the cable well. If cable trench is used or the cable well of part of the cable line is relatively dense, every 30 meters or so distance is opened to survey the data (for the case where the cable well contains cable intermediate joint, cable turning point and other equipment, it cannot be skipped and must be opened to collect and survey the cable).

[0117] (1)Geographical coordinate information

[0118] Use professional measuring equipment to collect the coordinates of key points such as cable manholes, cable inflection points, and cable branch points on the cable corridor, meeting the measurement accuracy requirements.

[0119] (2) Cable well attribute information

[0120] a) Record the pipe type (cable pipe, cable trench);

[0121] b) Pipe hole material (vinylon pipe, carbon pipe, pipe-jacking + pipe, pipe-jacking, PVC pipe, steel pipe, vinylon pipe, cement pipe, pipe + steel pipe, pipe-jacking + steel pipe, glass steel pipe, PVC pipe + pipe-jacking, PE pipe);

[0122] c) Cable well attributes (including cable well length, width, height; cable well cover plate material (cement, steel), shape, etc.);

[0123] d) Cable pipe trench information (pipe hole row number, column number, diameter, etc., while recording the on-site cable pipe (trench) usage information).

[0124] 3.3 Cable manhole profile information

[0125] The cable manhole cross-section hole name consists of "cable manhole name" + "cross-section name" + "pipe hole two-dimensional code".

[0126] Cross-section name: follow the principle of the large side of the cable manhole facing the small name of the cable manhole, i.e. the cross-section of the current cable manhole facing the small well cross-section name A, and the rest of the cross-section name is named in the clockwise direction of A cross-section, represented by letters B, C, D, etc.; Round well cross-section is defined as A, C two sides, and the identification rules of A, C are the same as above.

[0127] Cable manhole hole code: take the large side of the manhole as the reference, use two-dimensional numbering, use Arabic numerals, the horizontal direction increases from left to right, and the vertical direction increases from bottom to top.

[0128] Cable well photo shooting: take photos of each side of the cable well, and take 7 clear cable well photos (including 4 directions in the cable well, photos before and after construction, and front photos of the cable well cover, a total of 7 photos).

[0129] 3.4 Cable channel manhole coding

[0130] The cable channel manhole number follows the following principles: east-west road cable manhole number from east to west; south-north road cable manhole number from south to north.

[0131] (1) Cable well names with road names

[0132] The cable duct name is based on the road name, with the starting and ending points being the same as the road, and the numbering starts from natural numbers. To ensure the uniqueness of the cable duct name, the area name should be added before the road name in the same location. The cable manhole name is composed of: "Area + Road Name + Location + Cable Manhole Number (the number is three digits)".

[0133] (2) Cable manhole designation without road name

[0134] The naming is based on the name of the main road, plot of land or mountain village it connects to. Where the naming is based on the name of the main road it connects to, the main road name is used to distinguish it with the branch "Ⅰ", "Ⅱ", or "Ⅲ". The naming composition is "region + name of main road, plot of land or mountain village + location + cable well number (the number is three digits)".

[0135] Example: Siming People's Middle Road Branch I North 001.

[0136] (3) Cable wells located in independent areas such as residential communities and factory areas, and public places such as hospitals and parks are designated as cable wells.

[0137] Full code: Area + Name of residential area, factory area, hospital, park, etc. + three Arabic numerals. Long names of residential areas, factories, hospitals, parks, etc., can be shortened.

[0138] For example, "Siming Gaogang Caitan Community 001" refers to the cable manhole numbered 001 in the Gaogang Caitan Community.

[0139] (4) New cable well designation

[0140] When adding new cable manholes to existing cable channels, the new cable manholes should be numbered using the format "small manhole number + natural number". If more than 10 new cable manholes are added (including 10), they should be renumbered.

[0141] For example, if a manhole is added between Siming Tongjiang Avenue South 008 and Siming Tongjiang Avenue South 009, the new manhole will be "Siming Tongjiang Avenue South 008+1", not "Siming Tongjiang Avenue South 009+1". If multiple manholes are added, the numbers will increase sequentially.

[0142] (5) Virtual cable well naming

[0143] If a cable tunnel or trench has an entry or exit point for cables or ducts, and there is no working manhole on the surface, then that location is defined as a virtual manhole. Virtual manholes are coded by adding the suffix xn1, xn2, xn3… to the names of the virtual manholes and adjacent working manholes. A lowercase number is added after xn.

[0144] Cable tunnel, channel site according to 30 meters (according to the site, according to the distance of 30-50 meters segmentation) a channel collection point, according to the above principle to name.

[0145] (6) Hidden cable well coding

[0146] Due to the road reconstruction caused by the original pavement well covered, the well is defined as a hidden well. The coding of the hidden well is directly added with the suffix yb1, yb2, yb3… after the coding name of the adjacent well.

[0147] (7) Intersection cable well coding

[0148] The well at the intersection of two roads uses multi-coding mode, with the main cable channel name as the main name, and the rest of the cable channel name as "alias" filled into the system (the system account should add "alias" field, and multiple aliases are separated by commas).

[0149] For example: Siming People Road East 051 (Siming Shuanggang Road South 009) indicates the intersection of People Road East and Shuanggang Road South, which is the same well.

[0150] (8) Reverse cable well coding

[0151] With the development of the city, many roads will be extended, and the coding of the well must consider the future expansion and unity. For the south-north oriented road extending to the south; the east-west oriented road extending to the east, the original coding is adjusted, then a sequence bit is added after the "direction" in the original coding composition, using "F" English character, that is, the coding is: area + road name + direction + F + three Arabic numerals. The first coding well on the extended road is the starting point of the reverse expansion.

[0152] (9) Coding of the same side multi-loop cable corridor

[0153] For the well coding of the same side multi-corridor, a sequence bit is added after the road name in the original coding composition, using Roman characters "I", "II", "III" to represent.

[0154] The subsequent new cable corridor on the same side retains the original cable well coding name, and the cable well coding of the new corridor is represented by Roman characters "II", "III".

[0155] 3.5 Cable well name coding account record

[0156] On-site records and forms of standard cable coding list, cable well coding list, inflection point coding list, cable well cable statistics list, coordinate point statistics list, cable account.

[0157] 3.6 Data collection results arrangement standards

[0158] (1) Original data arrangement

[0159] The data collection construction unit will arrange the original data according to the unified data collection field record template and keep it as a part of the results for the convenience of later data checking and acceptance.

[0160] (2) Equipment account data arrangement

[0161] The spatial data and attribute data collected on site are arranged into a table according to the template of the power grid resource graphic management system, including the basic information such as cable starting point, ending point, cable well, inflection point, intermediate joint, etc. The various equipment account information collected on site is classified and arranged into a cable well code list, an inflection point code list, a cable well cable statistics list, and a cable account, etc.

[0162] (3) Photo data arrangement

[0163] The cable well photo arrangement requirements are as follows:

[0164] a) The photos of the 4 sections in the well are named according to "cable well name + east-west-south-north";

[0165] b) The photo name of the inside front of the cable well is named according to "cable well name + before (after) construction". The information of each face of the cable well photo and the cable well section view are consistent;

[0166] c) The manhole cover photo is named with the cable well name.

[0167] (4) Data collection results CAD mapping

[0168] a) According to the cable detection results, each cable path (trajectory diagram) is arranged into a CAD drawing;

[0169] b) The cable well section view drawn on site is arranged into a CAD drawing according to the requirements.

[0170] 4. Data collection implementation method

[0171] Select the collection equipment that can meet the data accuracy requirements for data collection, use appropriate data collection methods, and conduct methodological experiments as needed to verify whether the instrument accuracy meets the standards and whether the collection method is feasible.

[0172] 4.1 GPS collection method

[0173] GPS measurement is to use the ranging intersection three-point positioning principle, that is, through the GPS satellite to transmit ranging signal and navigation text, the ground user GPS receiver receives the signal of more than three GPS satellites, measures the distance to three satellites and calculates the space coordinates of the satellite at that time, uses three distances from the ground user to the satellite as the radius, and makes three positioning spheres with the satellite as the center, and the intersection point is the spatial position of the ground user GPS receiver, so as to accurately measure the position of the unknown point (ground user). Here, the known point can be understood as the GPS satellite, and the known base station or control point is measured to convert coordinates. There are many ways for the satellite to transmit ranging signals, and the positioning principles are not the same. The unknown point (ground user) is the equipment or marketing resource that needs to be measured.

[0174] GPS measurement is one of the traditional measurement methods, which is suitable for high-precision and open area measurement. Our unit combines the requirements of high-precision equipment collection in the document of the State Grid Corporation on further standardizing the construction of GIS platform (State Grid Information

[2012] No. 205).

[0175] 4.2 Total station acquisition method

[0176] The total station is suitable for high-precision measurement or equipment that cannot be measured at close range for plane coordinate measurement and height measurement. The total station measurement method needs to obtain the measurement control point information from the surveying and mapping department as the starting data of measurement or measure a certain number of known points as the measurement station by using RTK and other high-precision measurement instruments. The accuracy of the measurement station is required to be above the root point level, the distribution is reasonable, the control edge length and the number of edges are required, there are directional points, check points, closure points, the observation tower needs to be measured for eccentricity, the horizontal angle observation is measured, the edge length is corrected, the polar coordinate method is used to calculate the coordinates, the total station is tested effectively, and the first choice is the prism-free instrument. The total station measurement requires high skill level of the measurement personnel, the equipment price is relatively expensive, and the measurement efficiency is relatively low compared with the GPS measurement method. This method is recommended to be used in the scene where high-precision measurement is required or GPS measurement cannot be applied at close range, and it is recommended that the professional surveying and mapping team complete this measurement work.

[0177] The total station acquisition is one of the traditional measurement methods, which is suitable for high-precision and signal-free measurement area. Our unit combines the requirements of high-precision equipment collection in the document of the State Grid Corporation on further standardizing the construction of GIS platform (State Grid Information

[2012] No. 205). The instrument example is as follows:

[0178] 4.3 Electromagnetic induction method

[0179] The existence of underground pipelines will change the distribution of natural or man-made geophysical fields, that is, produce anomalies. Studying the shape, distribution, and shape of these anomalies can obtain relevant information about the position of underground pipelines. The most commonly used method for cable detection is electromagnetic induction method.

[0180] The electromagnetic induction method is to observe the change rule of the secondary electromagnetic field generated by the metal pipeline under the action of the primary electromagnetic field generated by the transmitting coil to determine the position of the underground pipeline. This method has the characteristics of not needing to expose the point and is effective in the case of few underground pipelines.

[0181] Underground cable detection usually uses intelligent pipeline detection equipment and advanced detection technology to measure the on-site trajectory of underground cables through cable positioning tracking instruments and other means to obtain detailed basic data. The specific work content is as follows:

[0182] (1) Detect the underground direction information of the entire cable from the cable starting point (exposed connection point) and draw the underground cable path diagram;

[0183] (2) Register the cable passing through the cable well information and mark the cable inflection point position (mark the cable inflection point position with steel nails and paint to facilitate subsequent coordinate collection);

[0184] (3) During the cable data detection process, improve the basic information of each cable, such as number, starting point, end point, cable length, cable model, belonging feeder, and abnormal information.

[0185] 4.4 Geological radar detection method

[0186] The geological radar method is a non-destructive testing method. For shallow buried pipelines, whether they are metal pipelines or non-metal pipelines, the detection effect is good. For deep buried pipelines, the detection effect is unstable, and the pipeline type and environment have a greater impact. For some special buried pipelines, ideal results cannot be obtained. At the same time, the geological radar method can only detect the profile of the pipeline and cannot track the pipeline.

[0187] The current effective detection method for non-metal pipelines is to use geological radar to detect pipelines. This method is only suitable as a supplement to other detection methods and cannot be used as the main detection method.

[0188] For example: buried cable wells, channels, tunnels, and pipe trenches; reference Figure 11 ;

[0189] According to the power cable exploration basic data collection accuracy requirements and field conditions, GPS real-time differential and total station measurement are combined to carry out spatial data collection, and the electromagnetic induction method is used to detect the actual direction information of the cable. The specific selection of collection equipment is as follows:

[0190]

[0191] 5. Collection operation process

[0192] The data collection work flow mainly includes the following seven steps: preliminary data preparation, cable route detection, cable well cover opening collection, cable well (knee point) measurement, cable well and intermediate joint label, hidden danger investigation, and achievement photo shooting. Figure 12 .

[0193] 6. Cable and channel path collection

[0194] The data collection group collects cable basic data from the cable line starting point (substation) position, and the collection content mainly includes:

[0195] (1) Substation: collect the spatial coordinates of the substation and the overall photo of the substation house;

[0196] (2) Cable route: the data collection group detects the cable route from the cable line starting point position, records the cable path and basic information of the cable, marks the cable knee point position (for example, uses steel nails and paint to mark the knee point position of the cable well without cable, which is convenient for subsequent coordinate collection), and finally forms a cable path diagram.

[0197] (3) Cable channel: while detecting the cable path, the cable channel basic information and path are detected and a cable channel path diagram is formed. The cable channel is an underground channel path formed by the buried cable wells between two or more cable wells; reference Figure 13 .

[0198] (4) Cable label information statistics: according to the collected cable and channel collection data, the label information to be made is sorted out.

[0199] 7. Cable well cover opening collection

[0200] During the cable route detection process, the cable well through which the cable passes needs to open the well cover to record the internal information of the cable well, which mainly includes the following matters:

[0201] (1) Use a professional pipeline detector to identify the cable in the cable well, and hang a temporary cable label information at the same time;

[0202] (2) Draw a cable well profile diagram including the number of rows, columns, diameter, etc. in the cable well, and record the cable pipe type and pipe hole material at the same time. Draw the cable pipe trench and cable well section diagram according to the actual cable burying mode (pipe, trench) in the field.

[0203] (3) Collect cable well and cable equipment attribute information, including cable well coordinates, well length, well width, well depth, cable well cover plate material (cement, steel), size, shape, cable pipe, trench, tunnel, bridge, direct burial, and drag pipe, etc.

[0204] (4) Install the labels of the cable, cable well and channel.

[0205] 7.1 Cable well (knee point) measurement

[0206] After the cable route detection is completed, use high-precision measuring instruments (RTK or total station) to measure all the starting points, ending points, knee points and intermediate joint positions in the detected cable path.

[0207] 7.2 Achievement photo shooting

[0208] Cable well: Take photos of the cable well before and after construction, east, south, west, north, and four directions, and take photos of the overall cable well ground, requiring clear cable well number plate.

[0209] Cable well profile: Take photos of the pipe passing surface inside the cable well, and the overall photo (the photo needs to reflect the pipe hole situation); if it is a channel, additional photos of the overall cable inside the channel should be taken at every 30 meters of channel branch.

[0210] The remaining types of photos ensure that the shooting objects and the background environment are clear.

[0211] The above photo requirements: format is JPEG / JPG, picture is clear, no shaking phenomenon, file is not more than 1.5M. The shooting angle is in the middle, ensuring that the entire passage of all cables and pipe holes is shot.

[0212] 7.3 Data collection operation requirements

[0213] The power grid equipment spatial data collection has the following operations:

[0214] (1) When collecting the coordinates of the tower (cable starting point or ending point), the field collection personnel must stand beside the equipment, and the distance between the GPS device and the tower should not exceed 10 cm;

[0215] (2) When collecting the coordinates of the cable well, the collector stands on the top of the well cover to collect the central point coordinates and elevation;

[0216] (3) Measure the midline points and corner midline positions of the cable trench.

[0217] 7.4 Collection and recording

[0218] During the field collection process, relevant field data recording work should be done, and the relevant characteristic attributes of underground pipeline equipment are recorded. In addition, the information of relevant business system accounts (production system, power grid GIS platform) and the actual situation on site are compared, and the following problems should be paid attention to during the collection and recording process:

[0219] (1) If attribute changes are found during field collection, they should be clearly marked;

[0220] (2) The discovery of new equipment must be recorded, and the scrapped equipment must be clearly marked;

[0221] (3) The equipment not found on the account needs to be confirmed by the relevant business department specialist whether to be scrapped;

[0222] (4) When the on-site equipment attributes do not match the account, it needs to be recorded and confirmed to the relevant specialist;

[0223] (5) The paper account needs to be marked with information such as power supply department, line, collection date, surveying and mapping personnel, recording personnel, etc. to facilitate the query, tracing and control of the results.

[0224] 7.4.1 Photographs of power grid equipment

[0225] In order to ensure the integrity of underground pipeline detection data, the on-site cable associated equipment is photographed, mainly including towers, station buildings (substations, distribution rooms, box transformers, ring network cabinets, branch boxes, etc.), cable wells (one east, west, south, and north in the cable well, one before construction, one after construction, and one full view of the well cover, a total of 7). The specific requirements for photographing are as follows:

[0226] Photographing rules: clearly photograph the cable well (inspection well) and cable auxiliary equipment;

[0227] Parameter requirements: mobile terminal requires Android 4.0 or later version, 8-core 5.2-inch screen, 3G running memory, 16G built-in storage memory, expandable to 128G, 10 million pixels or more for photographing.

[0228] Quality requirements: centered display, no obstructions; photos cannot have overexposure, ghosting, or blurring, and the light must be sufficient.

[0229] Naming conventions: well cover photos use the inspection well name + east, west, south, north, and full view, before construction, and after construction.

[0230] Format: JPEG, clear picture, no shaking, file size not greater than 1.5M;

[0231] Cable well ground overall photo, ensure cable well number plate is clear;

[0232] Cable well each section photo, including all cable overall photo on a certain face, cable corresponding to pipe hole photo. If it is a trench, it must be additionally photographed at every 30 meters and at the trench branch.

[0233] The rest of the type photos, ensure that the object and the background environment are clear.

[0234] Tower photographing requirements: tower nameplate, overall view.

[0235] Cable well shooting requirements: cable well (cable well is divided into east, west, south and north each one, before and after construction each one, well cover one, a total of 7) :

[0236] 7.4.2 Data arrangement

[0237] The purpose of data arrangement is to convert, classify, calculate, edit and so on the data collected by different methods. Data arrangement includes control measurement adjustment, generation of detailed coordinates, input of attribute data, editing of photo data, etc.

[0238] The content of data arrangement can be divided into four categories: equipment account data arrangement, result map arrangement, photo arrangement and other data arrangement. The arranged data is finally displayed on the management and control platform system, which can be quickly extracted and made into templates and realized batch data import through the data import tool of power grid GIS platform.

[0239] 7.4.3 Original data arrangement

[0240] According to the data collection requirements, the unified data collection field record template is filled in the data collection process, and the original data is saved as part of the results, which is convenient for later data checking and acceptance.

[0241] 7.4.4 Equipment account data arrangement

[0242] According to the template of power grid GIS platform, the spatial data and attribute data collected on site are arranged into tables, including: cable starting equipment, terminal equipment, cable well, inflection point, intermediate joint and other basic information. And the collected equipment account information is classified and arranged into cable section account, intermediate joint information table, cable well information table, cable channel information table, etc., and finally summarized into a comprehensive information table.

[0243] For equipment account information arrangement, coordinate data and attribute data recorded on site are arranged into the template according to the data result template, and the following matters should be noted.

[0244] When the newly collected cable well of the cable line shares the well with the original cable well of the collected line, only the cable well name is listed, no coordinates are filled in, and the longitude column is marked with which line is repeated, such as: sharing the well with the new three lines, the photo of the shared line is not submitted;

[0245] When collecting cable lines, the missing cable well needs to be left a blank line (the power company personnel do not know the trend of the intermediate section cable well), but the disconnected part must be connected in the cable well trend diagram;

[0246] The equipment parameter field of all template tabs cannot be randomly added, deleted or adjusted in order, otherwise it may cause data import failure.

[0247] Export or processing statements used in the import process, recommend sorting and saving, so that the data needs to be repeated export, you can use.

[0248] Longitude and latitude coordinates are in degrees (°) and need to be accurate to 8 digits after the decimal point.

[0249] Cable segment, cable inflection point number should be filled in the direction of the starting point to the end point, must start with Arabic numerals 1. For the same cable segment / cable, in addition to the inflection point number, longitude, latitude, elevation, other attribute parameters can be empty except the first line.

[0250] If there is a need to enter "," must be in English state input ",".

[0251] For data selected using the drop-down box, the data required to be exported or entered must be within the value range of the drop-down box.

[0252] The value in "management unit" or "operation unit" must be consistent with the value of the organization in the unified directory of the integration platform.

[0253] 8, the collection of resource input

[0254]

[0255] Data collection personnel are the actual operators of the implementation process, and are the most direct guarantee of quality, progress, safety and civilized operation. In order to ensure the implementation of high quality, safety and fast completion, technical workers are required to have a bachelor's degree, have a middle-level engineer and above title certification, have worked in this industry for 5 years or more, be familiar with the work in the field of the project, have experience in the power grid industry, and fully master the key technologies. At the same time, they should have good communication skills and professional quality.

[0256] 9, the cable channel data collection pricing system, see Figure 14 .

Claims

1. A method for collecting basic data of a power cable tunnel, characterized by It comprises the following steps: Step s1: setting of data collection accuracy; Step s2: ensuring data collection accuracy; Step s3: data collection specification; Step s4: data collection implementation method; Step s5: collection operation flow; Step s6: cable and channel path collection; Step s7: cable well opening collection; The step s1 specifically comprises the following steps: Step s11: hidden pipeline point exploration accuracy: for a single pipeline, the plane position limit difference δts: 0.10h; the buried depth limit difference δth: 0.15h; Step s12: measurement accuracy of obvious pipeline points: the plane position measurement mean square error ms is not greater than ±5cm; the height measurement mean square error mh is not greater than ±3cm; Step s13: non-excavation directional drilling pipeline detection accuracy: the plane position limit difference δts is 0.5%L, and the buried depth limit difference δth is 0.3%L, wherein L is the length of the pipeline entering and exiting the ground, in meters, when L<100 meters, 100 meters is substituted into the limit difference formula for calculation, and the coordinate point sampling density is not greater than 1 meter; Step s14: buried well detection accuracy: the plane position limit difference δts is 0.5 meters; Step s15: the collection coordinate adopts the CGCS2000 national geodetic coordinate system, and the height system adopts the 1985 national height datum; The step s2 specifically comprises the following steps: Step s21: electrical connection logic is accurate to interval, and there is no omission of intermediate equipment, and a complete single-line diagram is formed; Step s22: for single-core cables, the loop attribute and A / B / C phase are found out; Step s23: for three-core cables, the loop attribute is found out; Step s24: for intermediate joints, the location and belonging line name are found out; Step s25: the type, connection relationship and geometric size of the channel are found out; A closed-loop data flow is formed from the start of the project to the project completion acceptance by using the digital collection and coding mode, and the logic, completeness and consistency of the data are checked for quality not less than 3 times, so as to ensure the data quality; Underground cable path detection, cable pipe, well resource data general survey and collection, cable identity recognition and hanging, and data modeling; for the attribute data of the cable resources, the data are obtained from the field collection record and the related business system, and the various types of information of the related business system are checked and updated in the data collection and data processing process; for various types of power grid resource photos, clear shooting and saving are performed synchronously with the data collection work, and are used for modeling; cable trend and path field survey and modeling ensure the completion drawing.

2. A method of collecting basic data of a power cable tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step s3 specifically comprises the following steps: step s31: underground cable path detection and identity recognition, the accurate path information of the cable is detected by using the cable recognition instrument and the tracer instrument, and the cable identity in each cable well on the path is recognized; Step s311: underground cable path detection, the cable path detection content includes the coordinate collection of the cable path detection, cable starting point, cable end point, cable inflection point, cable intermediate joint and cable branch box key equipment, and the data account information is perfected in combination with the trench general survey; the specific standard is as follows: (1) The actual laying path and direction of the cable are detected, and CAD format results are drawn; the path diagram completely covers the cable shaft, cable inflection point, cable starting point, cable ending point and cable connection device information along the cable path; Collecting the coordinates of cable connection devices, cable shafts, cable inflection points, cable branch points and cable intermediate joint key points; Recording cable starting point and ending point device information and related connection relationship; During the operation, the cable inflection point position needs to be marked and an identification plate needs to be hung uniformly; Step s312: Cable identity recognition, using detection recognition instruments, starting from the starting point of the substation or station building, the cables are identified one by one, and the corresponding relationship of the detected cables is identified; Step s32: Cable pipe resource data survey specific information, including: Step s321: Geographic coordinate information; using professional measuring equipment to collect cable shaft, cable inflection point, cable branch point key point coordinates on the cable corridor, meeting the measurement accuracy requirements; Step s322: Cable shaft attribute information; including: a) recording pipe type; b) pipe hole material; c) cable shaft attribute; d) cable pipe trench information; Step s33: Cable shaft profile information; The cable shaft section hole name is composed of the cable shaft name, section name and pipe hole two-dimensional code; Section name: follow the principle of cable shaft name large side facing cable shaft small name, that is, the section of the current cable shaft faces the section name of the small well, and the rest of the section name is named in the clockwise direction of the A section, represented by letters B, C, D; Cable shaft hole code: taking the large side of the shaft as the reference, using two-dimensional numbering, represented by Arabic numerals, the horizontal direction increases from left to right, and the vertical direction increases from bottom to top; Cable shaft photo shooting: shooting photos of each side of the cable shaft, shooting 7 clear cable shaft photos respectively; Step s34: Cable channel shaft coding; The cable channel shaft digital coding follows the following principles: east-west road cable shaft coding from east to west; north-south road cable shaft coding from south to north; including (1) cable shaft coding with road name, (2) cable shaft coding without road name, (3) cable shaft coding in independent areas of communities and factories, hospitals and public places, (4) new cable shaft coding, (5) virtual cable shaft coding, (6) hidden cable shaft coding, (7) intersection cable shaft coding, (8) reverse cable shaft coding and (9) coding of the same side multiple cable corridors; Step 35: Cable shaft name coding account record; On-site recording and forming of standard cable coding list, cable shaft coding list, inflection point coding list, cable shaft cable statistics list, coordinate point statistics list and cable account; Step 36: Data collection result arrangement standard; Step 361: Original data arrangement; the data collection construction unit will arrange the original data according to the data collection requirements, according to the unified data collection site record template, and will perfect the original data as part of the results. Step 362: device account data arrangement; the spatial data and attribute data collected on site are arranged into a table according to the template of the power grid resource graphic management system, and the specific content includes: cable starting point, end point, cable well, inflection point, and intermediate joint basic information; and the various device account information collected on site is classified and arranged into a cable well code list, an inflection point code list, a cable well internal cable statistics list, and a cable account; Step 363: photo data arrangement; the cable well photo arrangement requirements are as follows: a) The photos of the 4 profiles in the well are named according to "cable well name + east-west-south-north"; b) The photo name of the front of the cable well is named according to "cable well name + before construction"; the information of each face of the cable well photo and the cable well profile are consistent; c) The manhole cover photo is named according to the cable well name; Step 364: data collection results CAD mapping.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, Step s4 specifically includes: selecting a collection device that can meet the data precision requirements for data collection, using a suitable data collection method, and conducting methodological experiments as needed to verify whether the instrument precision meets the requirements and whether the collection method is feasible.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step s5 specifically includes: The data collection operation process mainly includes 7 steps of pre-data preparation, cable direction detection, cable well opening and collection, cable well measurement, cable well and intermediate joint label, hidden danger investigation, and result photo shooting.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step s6 specifically includes: The data collection group gradually collects cable basic data from the cable line starting point position, and the collection content mainly includes: Substation: collect the spatial coordinates of the substation and the overall photo of the substation house; Cable direction: the data collection group gradually detects the cable direction from the cable line starting point position, records the cable path and basic information of the cable, marks the cable inflection point position, and finally forms a cable path diagram; Cable channel: while detecting the cable path, the basic information and path of the cable channel are detected and a cable channel path diagram is formed. The cable channel is an underground channel path formed by the buried cables between two or more cable wells; Cable label information statistics: according to the collected cable and channel data, the label information to be made is arranged.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step s7 specifically includes: During the cable direction detection process, the cable well through which the cable passes needs to be opened, and the internal information of the cable well is recorded, mainly including the following matters: (1) The identity of the cable in the cable well is identified by a professional pipeline detection instrument, and a temporary cable label information is hung; (2) Draw the cable well profile diagram, including the number of rows, columns and diameter of the pipe hole, and record the cable pipe type and pipe hole material; draw the cable pipe trench and cable well section diagram, and draw the section diagram of the 4 directions in the cable well according to the actual cable burying mode; (3) Collect the attribute information of the cable well and the cable equipment, including the cable well coordinates, well length, well width, well depth; the material, size and shape of the cable well cover plate; cable pipe, trench, tunnel, bridge, direct burial and drag pipe; (4) Install the labels of the cable, cable well and channel.

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