Solar cell and manufacturing method thereof, photovoltaic module

Abstract

The application discloses a solar cell and a manufacturing method thereof and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell comprises a silicon wafer, an emitter layer, a passivation layer and a grid line arranged on at least one surface of the solar cell. The grid line comprises a main body and a light guide part. The main body comprises a bottom surface and a top surface. The light guide part comprises a first surface and a second surface. One end of the first surface is connected with the top surface, and the first surface is perpendicular to the tangent plane of the connection. One end of the second surface is connected with the top surface, and the other end of the second surface is connected with one end of the first surface away from the top surface. The length of the first surface in the cross section is m, and the length of the second surface in the cross section is n. The ratio of n to m is negatively related to the slope K of the tangent plane. The size and angle of the light guide part at different positions of the grid line are different, more sunlight incident on the light guide part can be reflected to the surface of the solar cell, so that more photo-generated carriers are generated in the solar cell, and the efficiency of the solar cell is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and more particularly, to a solar cell, a manufacturing method thereof, and a photovoltaic module. BACKGROUND

[0002] In order to collect more current and have more contact area with the solar cell, a main grid and a fine grid are usually staggered to form a mesh structure on the surface of the solar cell. In addition, in order to have better conductivity and reduce costs, the mesh structure is usually made of opaque metal. Therefore, the opaque mesh metal on the surface of the solar cell will block about 2% to 3% of the incident light of the solar cell, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of the solar cell.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a design that can improve the efficiency of the solar cell. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a solar cell, a manufacturing method thereof, and a photovoltaic module.

[0005] In one aspect, the present application provides a solar cell, comprising a silicon wafer, an emitter layer formed on the surface of the silicon wafer, a passivation layer, and a grid line arranged on at least one surface of the solar cell, wherein the grid line comprises:

[0006] a main body extending in a first direction, comprising a bottom surface and a top surface, and a cross section taken in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface, the cross section extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the shape of the top surface on the cross section comprising a curved segment;

[0007] a light guide portion extending in the first direction, the light guide portion comprising a first surface and a second surface, one end of the first surface being connected to the top surface, the connection between the top surface and the first surface having a tangent plane, and the first surface being perpendicular to the tangent plane; one end of the second surface being connected to the top surface, and the other end of the second surface being connected to the other end of the first surface away from the top surface;

[0008] the length of the first surface on the cross section being m, the length of the second surface on the cross section being n, and the ratio of n to m being negatively related to the slope K of the tangent plane.

[0009] In another aspect, the present application provides a manufacturing method of a solar cell, comprising:

[0010] providing a silicon wafer;

[0011] texturing the silicon wafer;

[0012] diffusing the front surface of the silicon wafer to form an emitter layer;

[0013] a tunneling oxide layer is prepared on the back surface of the silicon wafer;

[0014] a polysilicon layer is prepared on the side of the tunneling oxide layer away from the silicon wafer;

[0015] a doping treatment is performed on the polysilicon layer, so that the polysilicon layer is converted into a doped polysilicon layer;

[0016] a passivation layer is formed on the side of the emitter layer away from the silicon wafer and on the side of the doped polysilicon layer away from the silicon wafer;

[0017] a metal paste is printed and sintered to form a metal line;

[0018] a nano-level laser is used to etch the surface of the metal line to form the above-mentioned gate line.

[0019] In another aspect, the present application provides a method for manufacturing a solar cell wafer, comprising:

[0020] a silicon wafer is provided;

[0021] the silicon wafer is textured;

[0022] a diffusion treatment is performed on the front surface of the silicon wafer to form an emitter layer;

[0023] a tunneling oxide layer is prepared on the back surface of the silicon wafer;

[0024] a polysilicon layer is prepared on the side of the tunneling oxide layer away from the silicon wafer;

[0025] a doping treatment is performed on the polysilicon layer, so that the polysilicon layer is converted into a doped polysilicon layer;

[0026] a passivation layer is formed on the side of the emitter layer away from the silicon wafer and on the side of the doped polysilicon layer away from the silicon wafer;

[0027] a 3D printing is used to form the above-mentioned gate line on the surface of the passivation layer.

[0028] In another aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic module comprising the above-mentioned solar cell wafer.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the solar cell wafer provided by the present application at least achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The solar cell provided by the application comprises a silicon wafer, an emitter layer, a passivation layer and a grid line arranged on at least one surface of the solar cell and sequentially formed on the surface of the silicon wafer, the grid line comprises a main body extending along a first direction, a bottom surface and a top surface, a section is taken along a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface, the section extends along a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the shape of the top surface on the section comprises a curved segment; the grid line further comprises a light guide part extending along the first direction, the light guide part comprises a first surface and a second surface, one end of the first surface is connected with the top surface, the connection position of the top surface and the first surface has a tangent plane, and the first surface is perpendicular to the tangent plane; one end of the second surface is connected with the top surface, and the other end of the second surface away from the top surface is connected with the other end of the first surface away from the top surface; the length of the first surface on the section is m, the length of the second surface on the section is n, and the ratio of n to m is negatively related to the slope K of the tangent plane. The light guide part reflects the sunlight incident on the grid line to the position between adjacent grid lines, i.e., the position not blocked by the grid line on the surface of the solar cell, the ratio of n to m is negatively related to the slope K of the tangent plane, i.e., the size and angle of the light guide part at different positions of the grid line are different, more sunlight incident on the light guide part can be reflected to the surface of the solar cell, so that more photo-generated carriers are generated in the solar cell, the current density is increased, and the efficiency of the solar cell is improved.

[0031] Of course, any product implementing the present application does not necessarily need to achieve all the technical effects described above.

[0032] Other features of the present application, and their advantages, will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0034] Figure 1 is a front view of the solar cell provided by the application;

[0035] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the grid line in the solar cell;

[0036] Figure 3 is Figure 2 is a sectional view of A-A' direction in the figure;

[0037] Figure 4 is another structural schematic view of the grid line in the solar cell;

[0038] Figure 5 is Figure 4 is a sectional view of B-B' direction in the figure;

[0039] Figure 6 is another structural schematic diagram of the grid line in the solar cell piece;

[0040] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a sectional view in the direction of C-C' in

[0041] Figure 8 is a flow chart of the manufacturing method of the solar cell piece provided by the present application;

[0042] Figure 9 is another flow chart of the manufacturing method of the solar cell piece provided by the present application;

[0043] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments are not limiting to the scope of the present application unless otherwise specifically stated.

[0045] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the scope of the application its application or uses.

[0046] Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail herein. However, the techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification.

[0047] In all of the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values.

[0048] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items throughout the several views, and as such, further discussion of them is not necessary in the subsequent views.

[0049] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 1 is a front view of a solar cell piece provided by the present application, Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the grid line in the solar cell piece, Figure 3 is Figure 2 a sectional view in the direction of A-A' in Figure 4 is another structural schematic diagram of the grid line in the solar cell piece, Figure 5 isFigure 4 A cross-sectional view along line B-B' is provided to illustrate a specific embodiment of the solar cell 100 provided by the present invention, including a silicon wafer 08, an emitter layer 09 sequentially formed on the surface of the silicon wafer 08, a passivation layer 12, and grid lines 01 disposed on at least one surface of the solar cell 100, wherein the grid lines 01 include:

[0050] The main body 02 extends along the first direction X and includes a bottom surface 03 and a top surface 04. A cross section is taken along the direction perpendicular to the bottom surface 03. The cross section extends along the second direction Y, which is perpendicular to the first direction X. The shape of the top surface 04 on the cross section includes a curved segment.

[0051] The light guide portion 05 extends along the first direction X. The light guide portion 05 includes a first surface 06 and a second surface 07. One end of the first surface 06 is connected to the top surface 04. The connection between the top surface 04 and the first surface 06 has a cross-section. The first surface 06 is perpendicular to the cross-section. One end of the second surface 07 is connected to the top surface 04. The end of the second surface 07 away from the top surface 04 is connected to the end of the first surface 06 away from the top surface 04.

[0052] The length of the first surface 06 on the cross section is m, and the length of the second surface 07 on the cross section is n. The ratio of n to m is negatively correlated with the slope K of the tangent.

[0053] It should be noted that, in Figure 1 This illustration only shows one structure of the solar cell 100 provided in this embodiment, and is not limited thereto. The solar cell 100 includes a silicon wafer 08, an emitter layer 09 formed on one side of the silicon wafer 08, a tunneling oxide layer 10 provided on the other side of the silicon wafer 08, a doped polycrystalline silicon layer 11 provided on the side of the tunneling oxide layer 10 away from the silicon wafer 08, a passivation layer 12 provided on the side of the doped polycrystalline silicon layer 11 away from the tunneling oxide layer 10 and on the side of the emitter layer 09 away from the tunneling oxide layer 10, and also includes grid lines 01 disposed on at least one surface of the solar cell 100. (Refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 5 The light guide part 05 includes a first surface 06 and a second surface 07, both of which can reflect light. (Refer to...) Figure 3 Light strikes the second surface 07, which reflects the light to the adjacent first surface 06. The first surface 06 then reflects the light back to the surface of the solar cell 100. (Refer to...) Figure 5The light is incident on the first surface 06, the first surface 06 reflects the light to the second surface 07 adjacent to the first surface 06, and the second surface 07 reflects the light to the surface of the solar cell 100. Of course, the light can be incident on the first surface 06, the first surface 06 reflects the light to the surface of the solar cell 100, or the light can be incident on the second surface 07, and the second surface 07 directly reflects the light to the surface of the solar cell 100. Of course, the light can be reflected between the first surface 06 and the second surface 07 for multiple times and then reflected to the surface of the solar cell 100. The light guide part 05 reflects more light to the surface of the solar cell 100, so that the solar cell 100 generates more photo-generated carriers, increases the current density, and improves the efficiency of the solar cell 100.

[0054] It can be understood that, for a grid line 01 of a solar cell, the light guide parts 05 at different positions need to reflect light to the adjacent positions, so the setting angles of the light guide parts 05 at different positions are different. The length of the first surface 06 in the cross section is m, and the length of the second surface 07 in the cross section is n. The ratio of n to m is negatively related to the slope K of the cross section, which can reflect more sunlight to the surface of the solar cell 100 and improve the utilization efficiency of sunlight.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the solar cell 100 provided by the present application has at least the following advantages:

[0056] The solar cell 100 provided by the application comprises a silicon wafer 08, an emitter layer 09, a passivation layer 12 and a grid line 01 arranged on at least one surface of the solar cell 100, which are sequentially formed on the surface of the silicon wafer 08. The grid line 01 comprises a main body 02 extending along a first direction X, a bottom surface 03 and a top surface 04, a section of the top surface 04 along a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface 03 extends along a second direction Y perpendicular to the first direction X, and the shape of the top surface 04 on the section comprises a curved segment. The grid line 01 further comprises a light guide part 05 extending along the first direction X, which comprises a first surface 06 and a second surface 07. One end of the first surface 06 is connected with the top surface 04, and the connection part of the top surface 04 and the first surface 06 has a tangent plane, and the first surface 06 is perpendicular to the tangent plane. One end of the second surface 07 is connected with the top surface 04, and the other end of the second surface 07 is connected with the other end of the first surface 06. The length of the first surface 06 on the section is m, the length of the second surface 07 on the section is n, and the ratio of n to m is negatively related to the slope K of the tangent plane. The light guide part 05 reflects the sunlight incident on the grid line 01 to the position between the adjacent grid lines 01, i.e. the position on the surface of the solar cell 100 which is not blocked by the grid line 01. By setting the ratio of n to m to be negatively related to the slope K of the tangent plane, i.e. by setting the size and angle of the light guide part 05 at different positions of the grid line 01 to be different, more sunlight incident on the light guide part 05 can be reflected to the surface of the solar cell 100, so that more photo-generated carriers are generated in the solar cell 100, the current density is increased, and the efficiency of the solar cell 100 is improved.

[0057] In some optional embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 when 0≤K<0.572, 5≤n / m≤10;

[0058] when 0.572≤K<1.717, 2≤n / m≤3;

[0059] when K≥1.717, 1.717≤n / m<2.

[0060] It can be understood that the length of m ranges from 50 nm to 150 nm, of course, not limited to this, preferably the length of m is 1 / 100 of the maximum width of the cross section of the grid line 01 of the solar cell sheet 100, the value of m can be adjusted according to the maximum width of the cross section of the grid line 01 of the solar cell sheet 100, the embodiment does not make specific restrictions on this, the length m of the first surface 06 of each light guide part 05 of the grid line 01 of the solar cell sheet 100 can be equal or not equal, the embodiment does not make specific restrictions on this, taking one light guide part 05 as an example, the value of n of the second surface 07 is calculated according to the value of m of the first surface 06, the slope K of the cross section at the connection between the first surface 06 and the top surface 04, when K≥1.717, 1.717≤n / m<2, which can ensure the light receiving angle, thereby reflecting more sunlight; when 0.572≤K<1.717, 2≤n / m≤3, which can ensure relatively sufficient light receiving, and make full use of this part of light, and reflect part of the light to the surface of the solar cell sheet 100; when 0≤K<0.572, 5≤n / m≤10, which can ensure the full use of unilateral light. According to the slope of the position of the light guide part 05, the shape and angle of the light guide part 05 are adjusted, which can reflect more light to the surface of the solar cell sheet 100, solve the problem of light blocking of the grid line 01 of the solar cell sheet 100, and reduce the influence of the grid line 01 of the solar cell sheet 100 on the photocurrent.

[0061] In some optional embodiments, with reference to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 is another structural schematic diagram of the grid line in the solar cell sheet, Figure 7 is Figure 6 a cross-sectional view in the direction of C-C', the number of light guide parts 05 is multiple, and the first surface 06 and the second surface 07 are arranged at intervals.

[0062] It can be understood that the first surface 06 and the second surface 07 are arranged at intervals, that is, there is an interval between adjacent light guide parts 05, the number of light guide parts 05 is reduced, and the manufacturing is facilitated.

[0063] In some optional embodiments, with reference to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the top surface 04 includes a first area 13 and a second area 14, and the light guide parts 05 are arranged in the first area 13 and the second area 14;

[0064] The main body 02 includes a virtual central axis 15 extending in the first direction X, and the light guide parts 05 located in the first area 13 are symmetrical to the light guide parts 05 located in the second area 14 about the virtual central axis 15.

[0065] It can be understood that the light guide part 05 located in the first area 13 is symmetrical to the virtual center axis 15 with the light guide part 05 located in the second area 14, that is, the light guide part 05 of the first area 13 reflects light to one side of the grid line 01, and the light guide part 05 of the second area 14 reflects light to the other side of the grid line 01, and the reflection effect is uniform, which is convenient for manufacturing.

[0066] In some optional embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , there is no gap between adjacent light guide parts 05.

[0067] It can be understood that there is no gap between adjacent light guide parts 05, which can set a larger number of light guide parts 05 on the limited top surface 04, improve the utilization rate of light rays shot to the grid line 01, generate more photo-generated carriers for the solar cell sheet 100, and improve the efficiency of the solar cell sheet 100.

[0068] In some optional embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the material of the light guide part 05 is metal.

[0069] It can be understood that the grid line 01 of the solar cell sheet 100 provided by the present application reflects light to the surface of the solar cell sheet 100 through the light guide part 05, so that the solar cell sheet 100 generates more photo-generated carriers, and metal generally has high reflectivity. Therefore, the material of the light guide part 05 is metal, which can improve the reflection effect of light, preferably, the material of the light guide part 05 can be silver or copper, of course, a non-metal with high reflectivity can also be selected according to requirements.

[0070] In some optional embodiments, continuing to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the main body 02 is integrated with the light guide part 05.

[0071] It can be understood that the main body 02 is integrated with the light guide part 05, which can avoid the light guide part 05 from falling off from the main body 02, ensure that the grid line 01 structure is more stable, and thus ensure the light utilization rate.

[0072] In some optional embodiments, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a flowchart of the manufacturing method of the solar cell sheet provided by the present application, to explain a specific embodiment of the manufacturing method of the solar cell sheet 100, which comprises:

[0073] S101: providing a silicon wafer 08;

[0074] S102: etching the silicon wafer 08;

[0075] S103: diffusing the front surface of the silicon wafer 08 to form an emitter layer 09;

[0076] S104: preparing a tunneling oxide layer 10 on the back surface of the silicon wafer 08;

[0077] S105: preparing a polysilicon layer on the side of the tunneling oxide layer 10 away from the silicon wafer 08;

[0078] S106: doping the polysilicon layer to convert the polysilicon layer into a doped polysilicon layer 11;

[0079] S107: forming a passivation layer 12 on the side of the emitter layer 09 away from the silicon wafer 08 and on the side of the doped polysilicon layer 11 away from the silicon wafer 08;

[0080] S108: printing a metal paste and sintering to form a metal line;

[0081] S109: etching the surface of the metal line to form a gate line 01 using a nanoscale laser, the gate line 01 being the gate line 01 of any one of the above embodiments.

[0082] It can be understood that the maximum width of the metal line of the solar cell 100 in the cross section is usually 15 microns, so it is feasible to perform texturing processing on the metal line of the solar cell 100, and the light guide part 05 obtained by etching the metal line can reflect the sunlight incident on the gate line 01 to the surface of the solar cell 100, thereby increasing the photo-generated carriers generated by the solar cell 100, increasing the current density, and improving the efficiency of the solar cell 100.

[0083] In some optional embodiments, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 9 , Figure 9 is another flowchart of the method for manufacturing the solar cell 100 provided by the application, the method for manufacturing the solar cell provided by the embodiment includes:

[0084] S201: providing a silicon wafer 08;

[0085] S202: texturing the silicon wafer 08;

[0086] S203: diffusing the front surface of the silicon wafer 08 to form an emitter layer 09;

[0087] S204: preparing a tunneling oxide layer 10 on the back surface of the silicon wafer 08;

[0088] S205: preparing a polysilicon layer on the side of the tunneling oxide layer 10 away from the silicon wafer 08;

[0089] S206: doping the polysilicon layer to convert the polysilicon layer into a doped polysilicon layer 11;

[0090] S207: forming a passivation layer 12 on the side of the emitter layer 09 away from the silicon wafer 08 and on the side of the doped polysilicon layer 11 away from the silicon wafer 08;

[0091] S208: forming the gate line 01 on the surface of the passivation layer 12 by 3D printing, the gate line 01 being the gate line 01 of any one of the above embodiments.

[0092] It can be understood that the 3D printing can be 3D inkjet printing in particular, which directly prints the gate line 01 structure integrated with the light guide part 05 of the main body 02, and the overall structure of the gate line 01 of the solar cell sheet 100 is more stable, avoiding damage to the gate line 01 when etching the light guide part 05.

[0093] Referring to Figure 10 , Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module provided by the present application, and the photovoltaic module 200 provided by the present embodiment includes the solar cell sheet 100 provided by any one of the above embodiments of the present application. Figure 10 is only a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module 200, which includes the solar cell sheet 100, the solar cell sheet 100 is provided with a first adhesive film 16 on one side, the solar cell sheet 100 is provided with a second adhesive film 17 on the side away from the first adhesive film 16, the first adhesive film 16 is provided with a first glass 18 on the side away from the solar cell sheet 100, and the second adhesive film 17 is provided with a second glass 19 on the side away from the solar cell sheet 100. It can be understood that the present application does not specifically limit the photovoltaic module 200. The photovoltaic module 200 provided by the present embodiment has the beneficial effects of the solar cell sheet 100 provided by the present embodiment, and specific descriptions of the solar cell sheet 100 can be referred to the above embodiments. The present embodiment will not be described here.

[0094] From the above embodiments, it can be known that the gate line of the solar cell provided by the present application at least achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0095] The solar cell provided by the application comprises a silicon wafer, an emitter layer, a passivation layer and a grid line arranged on at least one surface of the solar cell, which are sequentially formed on the surface of the silicon wafer, the grid line comprises a main body extending along a first direction, and comprises a bottom surface and a top surface, a section is taken along a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface, the section extends along a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the shape of the top surface on the section comprises a curved segment; the grid line further comprises a light guide part extending along the first direction, the light guide part comprises a first surface and a second surface, one end of the first surface is connected with the top surface, the connection position of the top surface and the first surface has a tangent plane, and the first surface is perpendicular to the tangent plane; one end of the second surface is connected with the top surface, and the other end of the second surface away from the top surface is connected with the other end of the first surface away from the top surface; the length of the first surface on the section is m, the length of the second surface on the section is n, and the ratio of n to m is negatively related to the slope K of the tangent plane. The light guide part reflects the sunlight incident on the grid line to the position between adjacent grid lines, i.e., the position not blocked by the grid line on the surface of the solar cell, the ratio of n to m is negatively related to the slope K of the tangent plane, i.e., the size and angle of the light guide part at different positions of the grid line are different, more sunlight incident on the light guide part can be reflected to the surface of the solar cell, so that more photo-generated carriers are generated in the solar cell, the current density is increased, and the efficiency of the solar cell is improved.

[0096] Although some specific embodiments of the application have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration, and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solar cell, comprising a silicon wafer, an emitter layer, a passivation layer, and grid lines sequentially formed on the surface of the silicon wafer, and disposed on at least one surface of the solar cell, characterized in that, The gate lines include: The main body extends along a first direction and includes a bottom surface and a top surface. A cross-section is taken along a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface. The cross-section extends along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The shape of the top surface on the cross-section includes a curved segment. A light guide portion extends along the first direction, the light guide portion includes a first surface and a second surface, one end of the first surface is connected to a top surface, the connection between the top surface and the first surface has a cross-section, and the first surface is perpendicular to the cross-section; one end of the second surface is connected to the top surface, and the end of the second surface away from the top surface is connected to the end of the first surface away from the top surface; The length of the first surface on the cross section is m, and the length of the second surface on the cross section is n. The ratio of n to m is negatively correlated with the slope K of the cross section, where 0 ≤ K < 0.572, 0.572 ≤ K < 1.717, or K ≥ 1.

717.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, When 0 ≤ K < 0.572, 5 ≤ n / m ≤ 10; When 0.572≤K<1.717, 2≤n / m≤3; When K≥1.717, 1.717≤n / m<2.

3. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of light guides is multiple, and there is a gap between adjacent light guides.

4. The solar cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top surface includes a first region and a second region, and both the first region and the second region are provided with the light guide portion; The main body includes a virtual central axis extending along the first direction, and the light guide portion located in the first region and the light guide portion located in the second region are symmetrical about the virtual central axis.

5. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is no gap between adjacent light guides.

6. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light guide is made of metal.

7. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body and the light guide are integrated.

8. A method for manufacturing a solar cell, characterized in that, include: Provide a silicon wafer; The silicon wafer is texturized; The front side of the silicon wafer is subjected to diffusion treatment to form an emitter layer; A tunneling oxide layer is prepared on the back side of the silicon wafer; A polycrystalline silicon layer is formed on the side of the tunneling oxide layer away from the silicon wafer; The polycrystalline silicon layer is doped to transform it into a doped polycrystalline silicon layer. A passivation layer is formed on the side of the emitter layer away from the silicon wafer and on the side of the doped polysilicon layer away from the silicon wafer; Print metal paste and sinter it to form metal wire; The surface of the metal wire is etched using a nanoscale laser to form the grid lines in the solar cell according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. A method for manufacturing a solar cell, characterized in that, include: Provide a silicon wafer; The silicon wafer is texturized; The front side of the silicon wafer is subjected to diffusion treatment to form an emitter layer; A tunneling oxide layer is prepared on the back side of the silicon wafer; A polycrystalline silicon layer is formed on the side of the tunneling oxide layer away from the silicon wafer; The polycrystalline silicon layer is doped to transform it into a doped polycrystalline silicon layer. A passivation layer is formed on the side of the emitter layer away from the silicon wafer and on the side of the doped polysilicon layer away from the silicon wafer; The grid lines in the solar cell according to any one of claims 1-7 are formed on the surface of the passivation layer using 3D printing.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The solar cell includes any one of claims 1-7.

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