A fuel cell based on a doped lithiated transition metal oxide

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of fuel cell based on doping lithiumization transition metal oxide, comprising closely connected cathode layer, electrolyte layer, anode layer;The material used in cathode layer is doping lithiumization transition metal oxide;And / or, the material used in electrolyte layer is doping lithiumization transition metal oxide;And / or, the material used in anode layer is doping lithiumization transition metal oxide;Doping element in doping lithiumization transition metal oxide is Na, or K, or Na and K co-doping.Beneficial effect is: alkali metal element (mainly involves Na and K) is placed in lithiumization transition metal oxide by doping way, is applied to fuel cell, specifically respectively involves the application of electrode and electrolyte, can improve the output power density of fuel cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and more specifically to a fuel cell based on doped lithium-ionized transition metal oxides. Background Technology

[0002] The rapid development of modern technology-related industries has led to an increasing demand for non-renewable resources, including oil, natural gas, and coal, resulting in many resource shortages. The total amount of these non-renewable resources on Earth is finite and not inexhaustible. Therefore, developing new energy sources has become a direction that the world must study.

[0003] Faced with this major challenge, many feasible solutions have been developed, including saving energy by improving energy conversion efficiency, reducing the consumption of non-renewable resources, increasing the generation of renewable energy, and vigorously developing the supply of environmentally friendly energy sources such as fuel cells.

[0004] In 1839, British scientist William Grove first discovered the "gas battery" device, which was formally named the fuel cell in 1889. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have now been developed for over 180 years. SOFCs belong to the third generation of fuel cells, using a fully solid-state electrolyte. They are clean energy conversion devices with very high conversion efficiency. Because they do not involve high-temperature combustion, the efficiency of fuel cells is almost unaffected by the Carnot cycle. The development of SOFCs is undoubtedly full of both opportunities and challenges. Commercialization of SOFCs has always been a goal, but one challenge is the excessively high operating temperature. Only under high temperatures can the electrolyte material possess sufficiently high ionic conductivity, and only then can the electrode material exhibit excellent catalytic activity, including the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), ensuring good battery performance. Yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is a well-studied electrolyte material. To achieve high ionic conductivity, such as greater than 0.1 S / cm, this material needs to be used at temperatures above 1000℃. However, high-temperature conditions often lead to a series of problems, such as the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients of the three-layer materials. Therefore, reducing the operating temperature of SOFCs and finding suitable electrode and electrolyte materials at low temperatures (400℃-600℃) has become an inevitable trend.

[0005] Traditional SOFCs mainly consist of three parts: an anode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a cathode layer. These can be broadly categorized into electrode materials and electrolyte materials. The electrolyte material is the key material for this component and has therefore been a research hotspot for researchers worldwide. However, the catalytic role of the electrode materials is also crucial. The anode is the negative electrode of the fuel cell, where fuels such as H2 undergo electrochemical oxidation. The anode material must be able to catalyze fuel oxidation, transfer electrons generated during oxidation, and allow the diffusion of fuel and its reaction products. The cathode is the positive electrode of the fuel cell, where O2 completes its electrochemical processes. The cathode material needs to guide the electrons transported by the external circuit to combine with oxygen to form oxygen ions. Common anode materials are divided into two main categories: metal-ceramic composites and perovskite oxides. Early anode materials were mostly non-noble metals such as Ni and Co, and noble metals such as Pt and Ru. Non-noble metal Ni-based anodes are prone to carbon buildup and sulfur poisoning, while noble metals are too expensive for mass production. Therefore, developing low-temperature, highly catalytically active electrode materials is crucial for the development of low-temperature SOFCs.

[0006] In recent years, researchers have discovered lithium-containing transition metal oxides Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 LiO 2-δ Lithium-containing transition metal oxides (NCAL) are excellent electrode catalysts for fuel cells, exhibiting good anodic and cathodic catalytic activity at low temperatures. Cells using NCAL as an electrode have achieved excellent power output at low temperatures. Therefore, lithium-containing transition metal oxides are highly promising electrode materials for low-temperature fuel cells. This material is derived from nickel-rich cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries. It is widely produced and used due to its low cost, effectively reducing the production cost of fuel cells. However, the stability of this type of material in fuel cells needs further improvement. Therefore, adopting appropriate methods to enhance its stability in fuel cell atmospheres is a key technical challenge for its application in low-temperature SOFCs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide, which is a three-component fuel cell, the structure of which includes a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer and an anode layer that are closely connected.

[0009] The cathode layer is made of a lithium-doped transition metal oxide.

[0010] And / or,

[0011] The electrolyte layer is made of lithium-doped transition metal oxide.

[0012] And / or,

[0013] The anode layer is made of a lithium-doped transition metal oxide.

[0014] The doping element in the lithium-doped transition metal oxide is Na, or K, or Na and K co-doped.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0016] Furthermore, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is Li 1-x-y Na x K y Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2-δ , where 0≤x≤0.2, 0≤y≤0.05, 0<x+y≤0.25.

[0017] Furthermore, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is Li 1-x-y Na x K y MO2, where 0≤x≤0.2, 0≤y≤0.05, 0<x+y≤0.25, and M is one of the elements Ni, Co, Al, Mn, and Fe.

[0018] Furthermore, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is Li 1-x-y Na x K y Ni 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O2, Li 1-x- y Na x K y Ni 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O2, Li 1-x-y Na x K y Ni 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O2, Li 1-x-y Na x K y Ni 1 / 3 Co 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 One of the O2 types, where 0≤x≤0.2, 0≤y≤0.05, and 0<x+y≤0.25.

[0019] Furthermore, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is Li 1-x-y Na x K y Al 0.6 Co 0.4 O2, Li 1-x- y Na x K y Ni 0.6 Co 0.4 One of the O2 types, where 0≤x≤0.2, 0≤y≤0.05, and 0<x+y≤0.25.

[0020] Furthermore, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is Li 7-x-y Na x K y La3Zr2O 12 , where 0≤x≤1.5, 0≤y≤0.5, 0<x+y≤2.

[0021] Furthermore, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is Li 0.33-x-y Na x K y La 0.57 TiO3, where 0≤x≤0.06, 0≤y≤0.02, 0<x+y≤0.08.

[0022] Furthermore, when doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides are used as electrode layers, the electrolyte layer includes, but is not limited to, oxygen ion conductors, proton conductors, and low-conductivity electrode materials.

[0023] Furthermore, the cathode layer, electrolyte layer, and anode layer are made of the same material, which is a mixture of doped lithium transition metal oxide and oxygen ion conductor or proton conductor, wherein the mass ratio of doped lithium transition metal oxide is 10%-100%.

[0024] Furthermore, oxygen ion conductors can be used for Ce 0.8 Sm 0.2 O 2-δ (SDC, samarium-doped cerium oxide), Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 2-δ (GDC, gadolinium-doped cerium oxide);

[0025] Proton conductors can be BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.2 O 2.9 (BZCY);

[0026] Low conductivity electrode materials can be LiAlO2 (LAO), LiAl 0.6 Co 0.4 O2 (LACO).

[0027] Furthermore, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides were prepared using a high-temperature solid-state method.

[0028] Furthermore, the specific steps of the high-temperature solid-state method are as follows: according to the molar ratio of the material to be prepared, weigh the raw materials in a suitable proportion, then grind or ball-mill them thoroughly, place them in a muffle furnace for high-temperature calcination, and after the material cools down, grind them thoroughly again to obtain the doped lithium transition metal oxide.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0030] Alkali metal elements (mainly Na and K) are placed in lithium-ion transition metal oxides through doping and applied to fuel cells, specifically in the electrode and electrolyte applications, which can improve the output power density of fuel cells.

[0031] The doping of alkali metal ions broadens the range of choices for fuel cell electrode and electrolyte materials. The raw materials are readily available, the preparation is convenient and simple, the price is low, and the performance is good. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 The Ni prepared in Example 1 of this invention 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 Li 0.95 Na 0.05 O 2-δ (NCAL-5% Na) and pure Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 LiO 2-δ (NCAL) 5000x microscopic SEM morphology image;

[0033] Figure 2 The Ni prepared in Example 1 of this invention 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 Li 0.95 Na 0.05 O 2-δ Schematic diagram of XRD characterization;

[0034] Figure 3 Ni is used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 Li 0.95 Na 0.05 O 2-δElectrochemical performance curves of fuel cells using SDC as cathode and anode materials and SDC as electrolyte material at 550℃. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides includes a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an anode layer that are closely connected.

[0038] Both the cathode and anode layers are made of Ni. 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 Li 0.95 Na 0.05 O 2-δ (Li 1-x- y Na x K y Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2-δ x = 0.05, y = 0, NCAL-5%Na (also known as NCALN)

[0039] Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 Li 0.95 Na 0.05 O 2-δ Synthesized using a high-temperature solid-state method;

[0040] The specific synthesis method is as follows:

[0041] The raw materials Na2CO3, LiOH˙H2O, Ni(OH)2, Co3O4, and Al2O3 were all of analytical grade.

[0042] Weigh the raw materials according to the metal ion molar ratio n(Ni):n(Co):n(Al):n(Li):n(Na) = 0.8:0.15:0.05:0.95:0.05. Considering the volatility effect of alkali metals, Li and Na should be in appropriate excess based on the raw material ratio.

[0043] The above five raw materials were placed in an agate mortar and ground for 1 hour to mix the materials evenly, and then sintered in a muffle furnace.

[0044] The specific sintering method is a two-stage solid-state method. First, under an air atmosphere, the temperature is raised to 550℃ and held for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, it is removed and ground in an agate mortar. Then, it is placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 750℃ for 12 hours. The heating rate is 10℃ / min for both stages. After sintering, it is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature in the furnace, removed, and ground into powder again to obtain Ni. 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 Li 0.95 Na 0.05 O 2-δ (NCALN);

[0045] NCARN powder is uniformly dispersed in terpineol to form a viscous slurry. This slurry is then uniformly coated onto one side of nickel foam with a brush and dried to form a Ni-NCALN electrode, or NCARN electrode for short.

[0046] Then, by following the SOFC assembly process, NCARN / SDC / NCALN symmetrical cells can be fabricated for SOFC performance testing.

[0047] Figure 1 In (a), pure NCAL (Ni) is present. 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 LiO 2-δ (a) is a SEM image of the powder at 5000x magnification, while (b) is NCAL-5% Na(Ni) 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 Li 0.95 Na 0.05 O 2-δ SEM image at 5000x magnification; it can be seen that the NCAL-5%Na spheres are larger in volume than pure NCAL, but the surface particles of the spheres are smaller and more compact;

[0048] Figure 2 The Ni prepared in Example 1 of this invention 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 Li 0.95 Na 0.05 O 2-δ The XRD characterization diagram shows that the XRD of Na-doped NCAL material generally retains the diffraction peaks of pure NCAL. The only difference is that the peak position is "shifted to the left" because Na replaces some Li, that is, the small radius particles are replaced by large radius particles. This will cause the crystal structure to stretch, resulting in a larger interplanar spacing. According to the Bragg equation, the diffraction angle will shift to a smaller angle, which is the "leftward shift" of the peak position in the figure.

[0049] Figure 3Ni is used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 Li 0.95 Na 0.05 O 2-δ Electrochemical performance curves of a fuel cell using SDC as both cathode and anode materials and as electrolyte material at 550℃. Maximum power density is 1042 mW / cm³. -2 Compared to pure NCAL (910mWcm) -2 Performance improved by approximately 14.5%.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides includes a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an anode layer that are closely connected.

[0052] Both the cathode and anode layers are made of Li. 0.95 K 0.05 NiO2(LKN, Li) 1-x-y Na x K y MO2, where M is Ni, x = 0, y = 0.05;

[0053] Li 0.95 K 0.05 NiO2 was synthesized using a high-temperature solid-state method.

[0054] The specific synthesis method is as follows:

[0055] The raw materials Li2CO3, KOH, and Ni(OH)2 were all of analytical grade.

[0056] Weigh the raw materials according to the metal ion molar ratio n(Li):n(K):n(Ni) = 0.95:0.05:1. Considering the volatility effect of alkali metals, Li and K should be in appropriate excess based on the raw material ratio.

[0057] The three raw materials were ground in an agate mortar for 1 hour to mix them evenly, and then sintered in a muffle furnace.

[0058] The specific sintering method is a two-stage solid-state method, which involves first heating to 650℃ and holding for 5 hours in air, then heating to 750℃ and holding for 15 hours, with a heating rate of 10℃ / min. After sintering, the furnace is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature, and the product is then removed and ground into powder to obtain Li. 0.95 K 0.05 NiO2(LKN);

[0059] LKN powder is uniformly dispersed in terpineol to form a viscous slurry. This slurry is then uniformly coated onto one side of nickel foam with a brush and dried to form a Ni-LKN electrode, or LKN electrode for short. Subsequently, LKN / SDC / LKN electrodes are fabricated according to the SOFC assembly process for SOFC performance testing.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides includes a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an anode layer that are closely connected.

[0062] The cathode layer material uses Li 0.9 Na 0.1 Al 0.6 Co 0.4 O2(LNAC, Li 1-x-y Na x K y Al 0.6 Co 0.4 O2, where x = 0.1, y = 0);

[0063] Li 0.9 Na 0.1 Al 0.6 Co 0.4 O2 was synthesized using a high-temperature solid-state method;

[0064] The specific synthesis method is as follows:

[0065] The raw materials LiOH˙H2O, Na2CO3, Al2O3, and Co3O4 were all of analytical grade.

[0066] Weigh the raw materials according to the metal ion molar ratio n(Li):n(Na):n(Al):n(Co) = 0.9:0.1:0.6:0.4. Considering the volatility effect of alkali metals, Li and Na should be in appropriate excess based on the raw material ratio.

[0067] The above four raw materials were placed in an agate mortar and ground for 1 hour to mix the materials evenly, and then sintered in a muffle furnace.

[0068] The specific sintering method is a two-stage solid-state method, which involves first heating to 400℃ and holding for 4 hours in air, then heating to 1000℃ and holding for 6 hours, with a heating rate of 10℃ / min. After sintering, the furnace is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature, and the product is then removed and ground into powder to obtain Li. 0.9 Na 0.1 Al 0.6 Co 0.4 O2 (LNAC);

[0069] LNAC powder is evenly dispersed in terpineol to form a viscous slurry. This slurry is then evenly coated onto one side of nickel foam with a brush and dried to form a Ni-LNAC electrode, or LNAC cathode electrode for short.

[0070] Subsequently, following the SOFC assembly process, the anode electrode material is commercial NCAL, and the electrode fabrication process is consistent. Once NCAL (anode) / SDC / LNAC (cathode) are assembled, SOFC performance testing can be performed.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides includes a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an anode layer that are closely connected.

[0073] The electrolyte layer material uses Li 0.8 Na 0.15 K 0.05 AlO2(LNKA, Li 1-x-y Na x K y MO2, where M is Al, x = 0.15, y = 0.05;

[0074] Li 0.8 Na 0.15 K 0.05 AlO2 was synthesized using a high-temperature solid-state method;

[0075] The specific synthesis method is as follows:

[0076] The raw materials, Li₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, KOH, and Al₂O₃, were all of analytical grade.

[0077] Weigh the raw materials according to the metal ion molar ratio n(Li):n(Na):n(K):n(Al) = 0.8:0.15:0.05:1. Considering the volatility effect of alkali metals, Li, Na and K should be in appropriate excess based on the raw material ratio.

[0078] The above four raw materials were placed in an agate mortar and ground for 1 hour to mix the materials evenly, and then sintered in a muffle furnace.

[0079] The specific sintering method is a two-stage solid-state method, which involves first heating to 400℃ and holding for 4 hours in air, then heating to 700℃ and holding for 6 hours, with a heating rate of 10℃ / min. After sintering, the furnace is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature, and the product is then removed and ground into powder to obtain Li. 0.8 Na 0.15 K 0.05 AlO2(LNKA);

[0080] Subsequently, following the SOFC assembly process, the anode electrode material is commercial NCAL, and the SOFC performance test can be performed by assembling NCAL / LNKA / NCAL.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides includes a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an anode layer that are closely connected.

[0083] The electrolyte layer material is Li6NaLa3Zr2O 12 (LNLZO, Li) 7-x-y Na x K y La3Zr2O 12 (where x = 1, y = 0);

[0084] Li6NaLa3Zr2O 12 Synthesized using a high-temperature solid-state method;

[0085] The specific synthesis method is as follows:

[0086] The raw materials LiOH˙H2O, Na2CO3, La2O3, and ZrO2 were all of analytical grade.

[0087] Weigh the raw materials according to the metal ion molar ratio n(Li):n(Na):n(La):n(Zr) = 6:1:3:2. Considering the volatilization effect of alkali metals, Li and Na should be in appropriate excess based on the raw material ratio.

[0088] The above four raw materials were mixed evenly and ball-milled for 6 hours at 400 rpm. After drying in a forced-air drying oven at 100℃, they were sintered in a muffle furnace at 900℃ for 6 hours at a heating rate of 10℃ / min. After sintering, the mixture was allowed to cool naturally to room temperature in the furnace, then removed and ground into powder to obtain Li6NaLa3Zr2O. 12 (LNLZO);

[0089] Subsequently, following the SOFC assembly process, the anode electrode material is commercial NCAL, and the SOFC performance test can be performed by assembling NCAL / LNLZO / NCAL.

[0090] Example 6

[0091] A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides includes a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an anode layer that are closely connected.

[0092] The electrolyte layer material uses Li 0.31 K 0.02 La 0.57TiO3(LKLTO, Li 0.33-x-y Na x K y La 0.57 TiO3, where x = 0, y = 0.02);

[0093] Li 0.31 K 0.02 La 0.56 TiO3 was synthesized using a high-temperature solid-state method.

[0094] The specific synthesis method is as follows:

[0095] The raw materials Li₂CO₃, KOH, La₂O₃, and TiO₂ were all of analytical grade.

[0096] Weigh the raw materials according to the metal ion molar ratio n(Li):n(K):n(La):n(Ti) = 0.31:0.02:0.57:1. Considering the volatility effect of alkali metals, Li and K should be in appropriate excess based on the raw material ratio.

[0097] The above four raw materials were mixed evenly and ball-milled for 5 hours at 200 rpm. After drying in a forced-air drying oven at 100°C, they were sintered in a muffle furnace. First, the temperature was raised to 800°C and held for 6 hours. After cooling, they were removed and ground a second time for 1 hour. Then, they were pressed into tablets using a tablet press. To prevent sticking to the crucible at high temperatures, a layer of powder was pre-spread. The crucible was placed in a muffle furnace and heated to 1200°C and held for 6 hours at a heating rate of 10°C / min. After sintering, the tablets were allowed to cool naturally to room temperature in the furnace. The tablets were then removed and ground into powder to obtain Li. 0.31 K 0.02 La 0.57 TiO3(LKLTO);

[0098] Subsequently, following the SOFC assembly process, the anode electrode material is commercial NCAL, and the SOFC performance test can be performed by assembling NCAL / LKLTO / NCAL.

[0099] Example 7

[0100] A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides includes a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an anode layer that are closely connected.

[0101] The cathode layer, electrolyte layer, and anode layer are all Li 0.5 Na 0.5 CoO2 and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 A mixture in which Li 0.5 Na 0.5The mass percentage of CoO2 is 30%, and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 The mass percentage is 70%.

[0102] Li 0.5 Na 0.5 CoO2 was synthesized using a solid-state method, the specific method of which is as follows:

[0103] Na₂O and Co₃O₄ were mixed uniformly at a molar ratio of n(Na):n(Co) = 1:1, and heated at 350℃ for 2 hours, followed by heating at 500℃ for 3 hours. The mixture was then allowed to cool naturally to room temperature to obtain NaCoO₂ powder. Next, the obtained NaCoO₂ powder was mixed uniformly with Li₂CO₃ and basic cobalt carbonate in a certain proportion. Considering the volatilization effect of alkali metals, Li and Na should be in appropriate excesses based on the raw material ratio. The powder was then sintered at 500℃ for 1 hour, followed by sintering at 750℃ for 9 hours. After cooling to room temperature, Li₂O was obtained. 0.5 Na 0.5 CoO2;

[0104] The above Li 0.5 Na 0.5 CoO2 powder and Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9 The mixture was homogeneously mixed at a mass ratio of 3:7 to obtain the composite material LNCO-SDC.

[0105] The mixed materials are uniformly dispersed in terpineol to form a viscous slurry, which is then uniformly coated on one side of nickel foam and dried to form an electrode, referred to as LNCO-SDC electrode.

[0106] Subsequently, following the SOFC assembly process, LNCO-SDC / LNCO-SDC / LNCO-SDC batteries were fabricated using LNCO-SDC as the electrolyte. All three layers of the battery were made of LNCO-SDC.

[0107] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide, comprising a cathode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an anode layer connected in close proximity, characterized in that: The cathode layer is made of a lithium-doped transition metal oxide. The anode layer is made of a lithium-doped transition metal oxide. The doping element in the doped lithium-ionized transition metal oxide is Na, or K, or Na and K co-doped. The doped lithium-ionized transition metal oxide is Li 1-x-y Na x K y Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2-δ Where 0≤x≤0.2, 0≤y≤0.05, 0<x+y≤0.25; Alternatively, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is Li 1-x-y Na x K y MO2, where 0≤x≤0.2, 0≤y≤0.05, 0<x+y≤0.25, and M is one of the elements Ni, Co, Al, Mn, and Fe; Alternatively, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is Li 1-x-y Na x K y Ni 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O2, Li 1-x- y Na x K y Ni 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O2, Li 1-x-y Na x K y Ni 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O2, Li 1-x-y Na x K y Ni 1 / 3 Co 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 One of the following is O2, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.05, and 0 < x + y ≤ 0.25; Alternatively, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is Li 1-x-y Na x K y Al 0.6 Co 0.4 O2, Li 1-x-y Na x K y Ni 0.6 Co 0.4 One of the following is O2, where 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.05, and 0 < x + y ≤ 0.25; Alternatively, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is Li 7-x-y Na x K y La3Zr2O 12 Where 0≤x≤1.5, 0≤y≤0.5, 0<x+y≤2; Alternatively, the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is Li 0.33-x-y Na x K y La 0.57 TiO3, where 0≤x≤0.06, 0≤y≤0.02, 0<x+y≤0.

08.

2. A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide is used as the electrode layer, the electrolyte layer is an oxygen ion conductor or a proton conductor.

3. A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode layer, electrolyte layer, and anode layer are made of the same material.

4. A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The doped lithium-ion transition metal oxide was prepared by a high-temperature solid-state method.

5. A fuel cell based on doped lithium-ion transition metal oxides according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cathode layer, electrolyte layer, and anode layer are made of the same material, which is a mixture of doped lithium transition metal oxide and oxygen ion conductor or proton conductor, wherein the mass percentage of doped lithium transition metal oxide is 30%.

Images