A forest fire prevention monitoring and patrolling system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of forest fire prevention monitoring and patrolling system, including patrolling unmanned aerial vehicle, wireless data transmission module, fire extinguishing equipment, server terminal, patrolling unmanned aerial vehicle is integrated with real-time thermal imager, high-definition camera, temperature sensor, smoke sensor, GPS positioning module, fire extinguishing equipment includes high-lift jet fire engine, is equipped with auxiliary fire extinguishing powder bag.The forest fire prevention monitoring and patrolling system can be uninterrupted to forest patrol, and prevention and control personnel only need to receive alarm information, verify by the aid of server terminal can.By means of patrolling unmanned aerial vehicle, each area is monitored, and it is ensured that fire is found in first time or shortest time, so as to avoid personnel casualties;Multiple quantities multiple batches of large load patrolling unmanned aerial vehicles can be launched according to fire, these patrolling unmanned aerial vehicles can hover above fire point, accurately drop a large amount of auxiliary fire extinguishing powder and cooperate with the water sprayed by high-lift jet fire engine to extinguish fire, and the fire extinguishing effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a forest fire prevention monitoring and patrol system, belonging to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology. Background Technology

[0002] In addition to preventing deforestation, forest fire prevention is also crucial for forest protection. Currently, forest fire prevention mainly relies on manual patrols and monitoring, which is not only very inefficient but also ineffective, often only being detected after a large fire has already occurred.

[0003] If drones are used for patrols, existing drones, due to limitations in battery technology, are generally only suitable for remote video monitoring and patrols. In the event of a forest fire, drones are of little help in firefighting operations. This is because drones have limited payload capacity and cannot carry large quantities of fire extinguishing materials; they typically carry only a few fire extinguishing bombs, which is woefully inadequate for large-scale forest fire suppression. Even if they carry fire extinguishing agents, their contribution to firefighting is minimal.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a forest fire monitoring and patrol system, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:

[0006] A forest fire prevention monitoring and patrol system includes:

[0007] The patrol drone is used to patrol the forest; the patrol drone is equipped with a real-time thermal imager, a high-definition camera, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, and a GPS positioning module;

[0008] A wireless data transmission module is used to transmit data;

[0009] Firefighting equipment, used for firefighting operations; the firefighting equipment includes a high-rise fire truck and a hoisting bag loaded with auxiliary fire extinguishing powder;

[0010] A server terminal is used to process data.

[0011] Further optimization of the above technical solution, and the method of using the forest fire prevention monitoring and patrol system for patrols, includes the following steps:

[0012] Step S1: Based on the forest area, divide the forest into several patrol areas composed of Thiessen polygons.

[0013] Step S2: Based on the divided patrol areas, design patrol routes and upload the patrol routes to the server terminal.

[0014] Step S3: Determine the number of patrol drones based on the patrol routes; when unloaded, the patrol drones will patrol the corresponding areas according to their respective patrol routes and detect fires in real time.

[0015] Step S4: When a forest fire occurs, the server terminal judges the scale of the fire based on the fire information sent back by the patrol drone, issues an alert of the corresponding level, and simultaneously directs the aerial ladder fire truck and the patrol drone equipped with a hoisting bag to rush to the fire scene to extinguish the fire.

[0016] Further optimization of the above technical solution: In step S4, after the fire in the area is extinguished, the server terminal commands the patrol drone to monitor the area above the extinguished area in real time while it is unloaded, and to determine whether the fire will reignite.

[0017] Further optimization of the above technical solution involves using a real-time thermal imager mounted on the underside of the patrol drone. Based on the imager's field of view, the patrol area is divided into thermal imaging regions composed of several Thiessen polygons. The temperature image data detected by the real-time thermal imager within these regions is transmitted wirelessly to a server terminal for analysis and processing using a high-temperature anomaly algorithm.

[0018] When the temperature at a certain point in the temperature image data exceeds the preset threshold temperature, a high temperature alarm message is issued;

[0019] When the rate of temperature rise of a certain cell in the temperature image data exceeds the preset temperature rise threshold, a high temperature alarm message is issued.

[0020] The value of N is the total number of pixels within a given cell in a temperature image data set. s The number of pixels with a temperature value greater than the preset warning value, whose value is N. t ;y s =N t / N s If y s ≥y q A high temperature warning message was issued. q This is the preset response value.

[0021] Further optimization of the above technical solution: In step S4, the smoke data collected by the smoke sensor is transmitted to the server terminal through the wireless data transmission module. When the smoke data exceeds a preset smoke threshold, a smoke alarm message is issued.

[0022] In a further optimization of the above technical solution, the data obtained by the real-time thermal imager, high-definition camera, temperature sensor, smoke sensor, and GPS positioning module are transmitted to the server terminal through a wireless data transmission module.

[0023] The server terminal also includes an image processing module for analyzing the temperature image data transmitted back by the real-time thermal imager and the live image data transmitted back by the high-definition camera.

[0024] Further optimization of the above technical solution involves manually reviewing the real-time image data transmitted from the high-definition camera to verify whether a fire has occurred when a high-temperature alarm or smoke alarm is received.

[0025] Further optimization of the above technical solution: In step S4, while the aerial ladder fire truck is spraying water to extinguish the fire, a patrol drone transports a bag containing auxiliary fire extinguishing powder to the airspace above the fire site and scatters the auxiliary fire extinguishing powder over the fire site; the auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate, and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:(3~5):(13~16):(8~10), the particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0026] Further optimization of the above technical solution: In step S4, the lifting bag includes a fireproof bag body and a fireproof sling. The bottom of the fireproof bag body is provided with a circular hole, and a mesh belt is embedded in the circular hole. The mesh belt is connected to the fireproof bag body as a whole. The bottom of the fireproof bag body is also provided with a hot-melt layer that completely covers the circular hole and is connected to the mesh belt as a whole. The hot-melt layer is formed by mixing hot-melt adhesive masterbatch and aluminum hydroxide in a mass ratio of 5:1 and molding it at 160°C. The width of the mesh belt is 3~5mm, and the aperture of the mesh belt is 10~15mm.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] The forest fire monitoring and patrol system can continuously patrol the forest. Personnel only need to verify alarm information via a server terminal. Patrol drones monitor various areas to ensure fires are detected in the shortest possible time, eliminating the need for personnel to approach the fire and thus preventing casualties. Furthermore, multiple large-payload patrol drones can be launched in batches based on the fire situation. These drones can hover above the fire point and precisely drop large amounts of auxiliary fire extinguishing powder, working in conjunction with water sprayed by aerial ladder trucks to extinguish the fire effectively.

[0029] Compared to manual patrols, this method not only saves labor but also more effectively achieves zero casualties during the patrol process.

[0030] Compared to ordinary drones used for patrol and firefighting, this method can achieve large-scale, uninterrupted coverage reconnaissance across the entire area, making it economical, practical, and easy to promote.

[0031] Compared to using drones to deliver hydrogel, patrol drones carry auxiliary fire extinguishing powder and work in conjunction with aerial ladder trucks to extinguish fires. This is equivalent to continuously delivering a large amount of hydrogel during firefighting, allowing patrol drones to extinguish large areas of fire in a single round trip. In particular, it is more effective in supplementing firefighting efforts to prevent the reignition of smoldering fires. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fireproof enclosure without the heat-fusion layer installed.

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the installation of the heat-fusion layer on a fireproof enclosure;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between the K value and the precipitation rate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The forest fire prevention monitoring and patrol system includes:

[0038] The patrol drone is used to patrol the forest; the patrol drone is equipped with a real-time thermal imager, a high-definition camera, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, and a GPS positioning module;

[0039] A wireless data transmission module is used to transmit data;

[0040] Firefighting equipment, used for firefighting operations; the firefighting equipment includes a high-rise fire truck and a hoisting bag loaded with auxiliary fire extinguishing powder;

[0041] A server terminal is used to process data.

[0042] In this embodiment, the method for conducting patrols using a forest fire prevention monitoring and patrol system includes the following steps:

[0043] Step S1: Based on the forest area, divide the forest into several patrol areas composed of Thiessen polygons. Due to the equal division characteristic of Thiessen polygons in spatial partitioning, the patrol areas can be quickly divided into the nearest and smallest closed regions. If very regular shapes such as triangles, squares, and circles are used, they are not suitable for forests with irregular edges when dividing the forest.

[0044] Step S2: Based on the divided patrol areas, design patrol routes and upload the patrol routes to the server terminal.

[0045] Step S3: Determine the number of patrol drones based on the patrol routes; when unloaded, the patrol drones will patrol the corresponding areas according to their respective patrol routes and detect fires in real time.

[0046] Step S4: When a forest fire occurs, the server terminal judges the scale of the fire based on the fire information sent back by the patrol drone, issues an alert of the corresponding level, and simultaneously directs the aerial ladder fire truck and the patrol drone equipped with a hoisting bag to rush to the fire scene to extinguish the fire.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] In Example 1, after the fire in the area is extinguished in step S4, the server terminal commands the patrol drone to monitor the area above the extinguished area in real time while it is unloaded, and to determine whether the fire reignites.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] In Example 1, a real-time thermal imager installed on the underside of the patrol drone divides the patrol area into thermal imaging regions composed of several Thiessen polygons based on the imager's field of view. The temperature image data detected by the real-time thermal imager in these regions is transmitted to a server terminal via a wireless data transmission module for analysis and processing using a high-temperature anomaly algorithm. The imager ensures that the field of view of a single real-time thermal imager precisely covers one Thiessen polygon-based thermal imaging region. This minimizes image repetition during the imager's movement, thereby improving efficiency and significantly reducing data transmission volume. Here, "image data" refers to image data containing temperature information.

[0051] When the temperature at a certain point in the temperature image data exceeds the preset threshold temperature, a high temperature alarm message is issued; this situation refers to a point where the temperature is particularly high, for example, it has reached the level of an open flame.

[0052] A high-temperature alarm is issued when the rate of temperature rise in a certain cell of the temperature image data exceeds a preset temperature rise threshold. This indicates that the temperature rise in a certain area (cell) is very high, suggesting that it may be in the early stages of a fire. Temperature rise refers to the rate of temperature increase, the numerical increase in temperature per unit time.

[0053] The value of N is the total number of pixels within a given cell in a temperature image data set. s The number of pixels with a temperature value greater than the preset warning value, whose value is N. t ;y s =N t / Ns If y s ≥y q A high temperature warning message was issued. q This is the preset response value. This situation indicates that a certain area (unit) may be a smoldering fire, which may reignite if left untreated.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] In Example 1, in step S4, the smoke data collected by the smoke sensor is transmitted to the server terminal through the wireless data transmission module. When the smoke data exceeds a preset smoke threshold, a smoke alarm message is issued.

[0056] Example 5

[0057] In Embodiment 1, the data obtained by the real-time thermal imager, high-definition camera, temperature sensor, smoke sensor, and GPS positioning module are transmitted to the server terminal through a wireless data transmission module.

[0058] The server terminal also includes an image processing module for analyzing the temperature image data transmitted back by the real-time thermal imager and the live image data transmitted back by the high-definition camera.

[0059] Example 6

[0060] In Example 1, when a high-temperature alarm or smoke alarm is received, the system further verifies whether a fire has occurred by manually reviewing the live image data transmitted from the high-definition camera. This manual review process improves the system's accuracy.

[0061] Example 7

[0062] In Example 1, in step S4, while the aerial spray fire truck is spraying water to extinguish the fire, a patrol drone transports a bag containing auxiliary fire extinguishing powder to the airspace above the fire site and scatters the auxiliary fire extinguishing powder over the fire site. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate, and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:(3~5):(13~16):(8~10), with the lead tetroxide having a particle size of 23~29μm and the polyvinylpyrrolidone having a K value of K60.

[0063] In this embodiment, the auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is prepared by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate, and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9.

[0064] In this embodiment, while the aerial ladder truck is spraying water to extinguish the fire, a patrol drone transports a bag containing auxiliary fire extinguishing powder to the airspace above the fire site and then scatters the powder over the fire. This fire extinguishing method is referred to as water spraying and powder spreading combined fire extinguishing. The water spraying flow rate is 2.5 L / min, and the downward flow rate of the auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is 0.2 ± 0.05 L / min.

[0065] Fire Extinguishing Time Test

[0066] Following the fire extinguishing test procedures for Class A fires in GB 17835-2008 "Water-based Fire Extinguishing Agents", a test platform was constructed to simulate a forest fire using a timber stack fire extinguishing test, testing the combined fire extinguishing effect of water spraying and powder application. A timber stack platform was constructed using 72 identical wooden strips. An ignition plate (e.g., for pouring gasoline to ignite later) was placed beneath the platform. A thermocouple was installed in the center of the platform, measuring the temperature as T1; another thermocouple was installed 10 cm above the platform, measuring the temperature as T2. The fire extinguishing test began when T1 reached 400℃. At the start of the test, if T2 was below 200℃ and there was no open flame on the timber stack platform for 10 minutes, the time from the start of the fire extinguishing test until T2 fell below 200℃ was calculated as the fire extinguishing time.

[0067] Group 1: The fire extinguishing method is a combination of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate, and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0068] Group 2: The fire extinguishing method only involves using a high-rise fire truck to spray water on the timber stack platform.

[0069] Group 3: The fire extinguishing method only involves using a high-reach fire truck to spray hydrogel onto the timber stack platform. The hydrogel is made by mixing auxiliary extinguishing powder and water at a mass ratio of 5:100, stirring for more than 2 minutes, and then letting it stand for 5 minutes. The auxiliary extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate, and lead tetroxide at a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0070] Group 4: The fire extinguishing method is a combination of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is Lingtian No. 1 water-washable fire extinguishing agent from Jiangsu Lingtian Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.

[0071] Group 5: The fire extinguishing method only involves using a high-reach fire truck to spray hydrogel onto the timber stack platform. The hydrogel is made by mixing auxiliary extinguishing powder and water at a mass ratio of 3:100, stirring for more than 2 minutes, and then letting it stand for 5 minutes. The auxiliary extinguishing powder is Lingtian No. 1 water-washable extinguishing agent from Jiangsu Lingtian Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.

[0072] Group 6: The fire extinguishing method is a combination of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is AFFF type fire gel extinguishing agent from Hubei Shiyuan Fire Equipment Co., Ltd.

[0073] Group 7: The fire extinguishing method only involves using a high-rise fire truck to spray hydrogel onto the timber stack platform. The hydrogel is made by mixing auxiliary extinguishing powder and water at a mass ratio of 3:100, stirring for more than 2 minutes, and then letting it stand for 5 minutes. The auxiliary extinguishing powder is AFFF type fire gel extinguishing agent from Hubei Shiyuan Fire Equipment Co., Ltd.

[0074] The results obtained by groups 1-7 according to the "Fire Extinguishing Time Test" are shown in Table 1:

[0075] Table 1

[0076]

[0077] As shown in Groups 1-3, the best fire extinguishing effect is achieved when auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is mixed with water to form a hydrogel. However, due to the limited payload of drones and the large amount of water contained in the hydrogel, using drones to transport the hydrogel for fire extinguishing is impractical. This invention separates the auxiliary fire extinguishing powder and water for transportation. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is dispersed by drone, while the water is sprayed by a high-lift fire truck. In this way, the drone can carry the maximum amount of fire extinguishing materials, improving the fire extinguishing effect.

[0078] As shown in Groups 4-7, conventional auxiliary fire extinguishing powder requires a certain amount of time to mix with water, and it also needs to be stirred evenly and allowed to stand for a period of time before it can be made into a hydrogel suitable for fire extinguishing.

[0079] The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder used in this invention, after being scattered by the patrol drone, can form a gel in a short time after coming into contact with the water sprayed by the aerial ladder fire truck, thereby improving the fire extinguishing effect.

[0080] Stability Test of Hydrogel Surface Foam

[0081] As water is sprayed onto the surface of the wood, a large amount of water vapor is generated at high temperatures. Combined with the continuous impact of the water flow, even on the wood surface where the hydrogel adheres, a large amount of foam is produced due to boiling and impact. The presence of this foam further isolates oxygen, thereby improving the fire extinguishing effect. To improve fire extinguishing efficiency, the foam on the hydrogel surface needs to adhere to the wood surface for a sufficiently long time. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the foam stability on the hydrogel surface. The specific simulation test steps are as follows:

[0082] 1) Stir the hydrogel at a speed of 1000 r / min or higher for 5 min.

[0083] 2) Take 30g of each of the foams generated on the surface of the hydrogel, place them on filter paper and let them stand for 1 hour. Weigh the change in mass of the filter paper before and after, and you will get the mass of the precipitate.

[0084] 3) Precipitation rate = mass of precipitate / 30 * 100%.

[0085] Group 8: The fire extinguishing method is a combination of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate, and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K12.

[0086] Group 9: The fire extinguishing method is a combination of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate, and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K15.

[0087] Group 10: The fire extinguishing method is a combined fire extinguishing method of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K17.

[0088] Group 11: The fire extinguishing method is a combined fire extinguishing method of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K25.

[0089] Group 12: The fire extinguishing method is a combined fire extinguishing method of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K30.

[0090] Group 13: The fire extinguishing method is a combined fire extinguishing method of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0091] Group 14: The fire extinguishing method is a combination of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate, and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K90.

[0092] Group 15: The fire extinguishing method is a combination of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate, and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K120.

[0093] Group 16: The fire extinguishing method is a combined fire extinguishing method of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K150.

[0094] The auxiliary fire extinguishing powders from groups 8 to 16 were poured into water and stirred at a speed of 1000 rpm or higher to obtain the corresponding hydrogels. The mass ratio of auxiliary fire extinguishing powder to water was 3:100. The precipitation rate was measured according to the "Foam Stability Test of Hydrogel Surfaces," and the results are shown below. Figure 3 .

[0095] From groups 8 to 16 and Figure 3 It can be seen that, from the perspective of precipitation rate, the preferred K value for polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0096] Hydrogel Surface Adhesion Test

[0097] 1) Take 10g of hydrogel and drop it onto the surface of a 20×20cm filter paper (laid flat), and let it stand for 15 minutes;

[0098] 2) Clamp the filter paper with hydrogel on it vertically and let it stand for 1 hour. Weigh the mass of the material that drips from the filter paper to obtain the mass of the dripping material.

[0099] 3) Drip rate = mass of dripped material / 10 * 100%.

[0100] A higher drip rate indicates that more material drips from the filter paper, which means that the hydrogel has a weaker adhesion to the filter paper surface.

[0101] Group 17: The fire extinguishing method is a combined fire extinguishing method of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate and composite titanium red in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of the composite titanium red is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0102] Group 18: The fire extinguishing method is a combination of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate and cadmium red in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of cadmium red is 23~29μm and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0103] Group 19: The fire extinguishing method is a combined fire extinguishing method of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate and iron oxide red in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of the iron oxide red is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0104] Group 20: The fire extinguishing method is water spraying and powder spreading combined fire extinguishing. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate and toluidine red in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of toluidine red is 23~29μm and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0105] The auxiliary fire extinguishing powders in groups 1 and 17-20 were poured into water and stirred at a speed of 1000 rpm or higher to obtain the corresponding hydrogels. The mass ratio of auxiliary fire extinguishing powder to water was 3:100. The corresponding drip rate was measured according to the "Hydrogel Surface Adhesion Test" standard, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0106] Table 2

[0107] Group 1 Group 17 Group 18 Group 19 Group 20 drip rate 10.8% 58.7% 60.2% 57.5% 69.1%

[0108] First of all, lead tetroxide, composite titanium red, cadmium red, iron red, toluidine red, etc. are all pigments. Their initial purpose was to make them more visible when remotely controlled patrol drones are spraying auxiliary fire extinguishing powder, so as to facilitate accurate operation.

[0109] However, as shown in Groups 1, 17-20 and Table 2, among red pigments, lead tetroxide with small particle size can significantly improve the adhesion of hydrogels.

[0110] Group 21: The fire extinguishing method is a combined fire extinguishing method of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium bicarbonate and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 103.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0111] The extinguishing time of Group 21, as measured according to the "Fire Extinguishing Time Test", was 447 seconds. The auxiliary extinguishing powder in Group 21 was poured into water and stirred at a speed of 1000 rpm or higher to obtain the corresponding hydrogel. The mass ratio of the auxiliary extinguishing powder to water was 3:100. The corresponding precipitation rate, measured according to the "Hydrogel Surface Foam Stability Test", was 17.5%.

[0112] Therefore, adding sodium dehydroacetate to auxiliary fire extinguishing powder can significantly improve the stability of subsequent hydrogel surface foam, thereby improving the fire extinguishing effect.

[0113] Group 22: The fire extinguishing method is a combined fire extinguishing method of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is less than 5μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0114] Group 23: The fire extinguishing method is a combined fire extinguishing method of water spraying and powder application. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:3.5:15:9. The particle size of lead tetroxide is greater than 74μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60.

[0115] The auxiliary fire extinguishing powders from groups 22 and 23 were poured into water and stirred at a speed of 1000 rpm or higher to obtain the corresponding hydrogels. The mass ratio of auxiliary fire extinguishing powder to water was 3:100. The corresponding drip rate was measured according to the "Hydrogel Surface Adhesion Test" standard, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0116] Table 3

[0117] Group 1 Group 22 Group 23 drip rate 10.8% 83.4% 88.1%

[0118] Whether the particle size of lead tetroxide is too large or too small, the result is that lead tetroxide either concentrates in large quantities on the foam surface or sinks to the bottom, failing to effectively exert its function and ultimately reducing the adhesion of the hydrogel surface.

[0119] Example 8

[0120] In step S4, as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the fireproof bag includes a fireproof bag body 10 and fireproof slings. The bottom of the fireproof bag body 10 is provided with a round hole 11, and a mesh belt 12 is embedded in the round hole. The mesh belt 12 is connected to the fireproof bag body 10 as a whole. The bottom of the fireproof bag body 10 is also provided with a hot melt layer 20 that completely covers the round hole 11 and is connected to the mesh belt 12 as a whole. The hot melt layer is formed by mixing hot melt adhesive masterbatch and aluminum hydroxide in a mass ratio of 5:1 and molding it at 160°C. The width of the mesh belt 12 is 3~5mm, and the aperture of the mesh belt is 10~15mm.

[0121] In this embodiment, the holes in the mesh belt 12 are square holes, and the diameter of the holes is equal to the side length of the square. The bandwidth refers to the width of the warp and weft belts that make up the mesh belt 12.

[0122] First, based on Example 7, if the auxiliary extinguishing powder does not contain sodium bicarbonate, the flow rate during subsequent application will be very low. Specifically, in this example, when the diameter of the orifice 11 is 25 cm, the flow rate is measured every minute for the first 5 minutes of the application process, and the average flow rate of the auxiliary extinguishing powder falling from the orifice 11 is 0.25 L / min.

[0123] If the auxiliary extinguishing powder does not contain sodium bicarbonate, the diameter of the round hole 11 is 25 cm. During the first 5 minutes of the throwing process, the flow rate is measured every minute. The average flow rate of the auxiliary extinguishing powder falling from the round hole 11 is 0.15 L / min.

[0124] The fireproof bag body 10 and fireproof slings are not easily burned or broken by fire. Flames or high temperatures below the bag will preferentially melt the heat-fusion layer 20, and the force of gravity will further accelerate the breaking of the heat-fusion layer 20. The mesh belt 12 acts as a reinforcing layer, effectively improving the mechanical strength of the heat-fusion layer 20, thereby effectively preventing large-area breakage of the heat-fusion layer 20 during transportation.

[0125] The hot melt adhesive masterbatch is made by crushing 3M 615 hot melt adhesive film into particles with a particle size of less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0126] When the thickness of the hot-melt layer 20 is 5 mm, the maximum compressive strength at the hot-melt layer 20 is measured to be 28 psi. The test method for the maximum compressive strength is as follows: continuously pour powder into the fireproof enclosure 10 until leakage occurs at the hot-melt layer 20; then weigh the total weight of the powder inside the fireproof enclosure 10. Maximum compressive strength = total weight of powder inside the fireproof enclosure / area of ​​the circular hole.

[0127] Without the mesh belt 12, the maximum compressive strength at the hot melt layer is 11 psi.

[0128] If aluminum hydroxide is not added, and a multi-layer 3M 615 hot melt adhesive film is used to form a hot melt layer through composite molding, its maximum compressive strength is 19 psi.

[0129] The melting temperature of 3M 615 hot melt adhesive film is 120-160℃; a 5mm thick 3M 615 hot melt adhesive film melts in 30 seconds at 160℃ and in 7 seconds at 200℃. The decomposition temperature range of aluminum hydroxide is 190-230℃. When the total weight of the lifting bag reaches 60kg, the thickness of the hot melt layer 20 is 5mm, and the temperature at the hot melt layer 20 reaches 200±10℃ and lasts for 16±2 seconds. The addition of aluminum hydroxide not only effectively improves the compressive strength of the hot melt layer 20 but also effectively extends its softening time (the time from heating to softening), thus preventing the lifting bag from softening due to brief contact with high temperatures when passing through a fire, thereby effectively improving the reliability of transportation.

[0130] When the mesh belt has a small aperture, such as 5mm, the flow rate is measured every minute during the first 5 minutes of the spraying process. The average flow rate of the auxiliary fire extinguishing powder being sprayed downward from the round hole 11 is less than 0.11L / min.

[0131] When the mesh belt has a large aperture, such as 25 mm, the thickness of the hot melt layer is 5 mm, and the maximum compressive strength at the hot melt layer is measured to be 21 psi.

[0132] In the above embodiments, the patrol drone of the present invention carries 60 kg of auxiliary fire extinguishing powder, whose fire extinguishing effect is equivalent to 2060 kg of hydrogel (calculated based on a mass ratio of auxiliary fire extinguishing powder to water of 3:100). Even if some auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is scattered during the dispersal process, the amount of scattering can be minimized by controlling the hovering height of the patrol drone, ultimately equivalent to no less than 1000 kg of hydrogel. Currently, no drone on the market can carry 1000 kg of hydrogel for fire extinguishing operations.

[0133] Even if conventional hydrogel powders on the market are delivered by drones and then replenished with water using fire hoses, the current hydrogel powders require a considerable amount of time to mix with water to form a hydrogel. Due to this property, it is impossible to use drones to spray hydrogel powder combined with water hoses for fire extinguishing. This is because firefighting requires extinguishing the flames as quickly as possible, and water is the primary extinguishing agent before the hydrogel powder combines with water to form a hydrogel. By the time the existing hydrogel powders combine with water to form a hydrogel, the flames can already be extinguished with water hoses. This can be seen from the relevant experiments in groups 1-7.

[0134] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forest fire prevention monitoring and patrol system, characterized in that... include: The patrol drone is used to patrol the forest; the patrol drone integrates a real-time thermal imager, a high-definition camera, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, and a GPS positioning module; A wireless data transmission module is used to transmit data; Firefighting equipment, used for firefighting operations; the firefighting equipment includes a high-rise fire truck and a hoisting bag loaded with auxiliary fire extinguishing powder; A server terminal is used to process data. The method of using a forest fire prevention monitoring and patrol system for patrols includes the following steps: Step S1: Based on the forest area, divide the forest into several patrol areas composed of Thiessen polygons. Step S2: Based on the divided patrol areas, design patrol routes and upload the patrol routes to the server terminal. Step S3: Determine the number of patrol drones based on the patrol routes; when unloaded, the patrol drones will patrol the corresponding areas according to their respective patrol routes and detect fires in real time. Step S4: When a forest fire occurs, the server terminal judges the scale of the fire based on the fire information sent back by the patrol drone, issues an alert of the corresponding level, and at the same time directs the aerial ladder fire truck and the patrol drone equipped with a hoist to rush to the fire scene to extinguish the fire. A real-time thermal imager mounted on the underside of the patrol drone divides the patrol area into several Thiessen polygon thermal imaging zones based on the imager's field of view. Temperature image data detected by the real-time thermal imager within these zones is transmitted wirelessly to a server terminal for analysis and processing using a high-temperature anomaly algorithm. When the temperature at a certain point in the temperature image data exceeds a preset threshold temperature, a high temperature alarm message is issued; When the rate of temperature rise of a certain cell in the temperature image data exceeds a preset temperature rise threshold, a high temperature alarm message is issued. The value of N is the total number of pixels within a given cell in a temperature image data set. s The number of pixels with a temperature value greater than the preset warning value, whose value is N. t ;y s =N t / N s If y s ≥y q A high temperature warning message was issued. q This is the preset response value; In step S4, while the aerial ladder fire truck is spraying water to extinguish the fire, a patrol drone transports a bag containing auxiliary fire extinguishing powder to the airspace above the fire site and scatters the auxiliary fire extinguishing powder over the fire site. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder mixes with water at the fire site to form a hydrogel for fire extinguishing. The auxiliary fire extinguishing powder is made by mixing polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium bicarbonate, and lead tetroxide in a mass ratio of 100:(3~5):(13~16):(8~10). The particle size of lead tetroxide is 23~29μm, and the K value of polyvinylpyrrolidone is K60. In step S4, the lifting bag includes a fireproof bag body and a fireproof sling. The bottom of the fireproof bag body is provided with a round hole, and a mesh belt is embedded in the round hole. The mesh belt is connected to the fireproof bag body as a whole. The bottom of the fireproof bag body is also provided with a hot melt layer that completely covers the round hole and is connected to the mesh belt as a whole. The hot melt layer is formed by mixing hot melt adhesive masterbatch and aluminum hydroxide in a mass ratio of 5:1 and molding it at 160°C. The width of the mesh belt is 3~5mm, and the aperture of the mesh belt is 10~15mm.

2. The forest fire prevention monitoring and patrol system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, after the fire in the affected area is extinguished, the server terminal directs the patrol drone to monitor the area in real time while it is unloaded, and to determine whether the fire will reignite.

3. The forest fire prevention monitoring and patrol system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the smoke data collected by the smoke sensor is transmitted to the server terminal through the wireless data transmission module. When the smoke data exceeds the preset smoke threshold, a smoke alarm message is issued.

4. A forest fire prevention monitoring and patrol system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data obtained by the real-time thermal imager, high-definition camera, temperature sensor, smoke sensor, and GPS positioning module are transmitted to the server terminal through the wireless data transmission module. The server terminal also includes an image processing module for analyzing the temperature image data transmitted back by the real-time thermal imager and the live image data transmitted back by the high-definition camera.

5. A forest fire prevention monitoring and patrol system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When a high temperature alarm or smoke alarm is received, the system will manually review the live image data transmitted from the high-definition camera to further verify whether a fire has occurred.

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