Method, device and electronic equipment for deploying aerial base station

Abstract

The present invention provides a method, device and electronic equipment for deploying an aerial base station, which belongs to the field of communication technology. The method includes: determining the number of deployments, coverage radius and coverage area of ​​the first aerial base stations; maximizing the coverage of the area to be deployed by the coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of ​​each of the first aerial base stations, determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground, and then determining the first height and first transmission power of each first aerial base station to deploy and implement deployment. The method for deploying aerial base stations of the present invention, by using a certain number of first aerial base stations to provide communication coverage with the maximum coverage range of the area to be covered, determines the coverage radius of the first aerial base station, and then determines the actual deployment position and transmission power of each first aerial base station, can achieve maximum communication coverage of the area to be covered in an emergency scenario, and improves the utilization efficiency of communication resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method, device and electronic equipment for deploying an aerial base station. Background Art

[0002] Emergency communications refers to the comprehensive use of various communication resources to ensure the communication means and methods required for rescue, emergency assistance and necessary communications when natural or man-made emergencies occur, including when communication demand increases sharply during important holidays. With the development of mobile communication equipment and the complex changes in emergency situations, the information and instructions transmitted in 5G and 6G networks are no longer limited to voice services, but also need to provide stable, secure and instant video transmission services.

[0003] With the emergence of a new generation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), drones have more advanced avionics, guidance and autopilot systems. Drones are increasingly being used, such as performing disaster relief and establishing dynamic, scalable communication networks. At present, research on aerial base stations has received widespread attention. Compared with high altitude platforms (HAPs), low altitude platforms (LAPs) are easier to deploy and are consistent with the concept of cellular network applications.

[0004] Under the severe impact of natural disasters or special events, ground communication infrastructure may be severely damaged. Rapid deployment of network coverage alternatives for a wide range of affected areas is an important solution to the failure. During deployment, the performance of the primary network is severely affected. How to quickly deploy large aerial base stations on low-altitude platforms to maximize network coverage is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method, device and electronic equipment for deploying an aerial base station, which are used to solve the defect in the prior art that it is difficult to quickly deploy an aerial base station in an emergency scenario, and to deploy the aerial base station in an emergency scenario to maximize communication coverage.

[0006] The present invention provides a method for deploying an aerial base station, comprising:

[0007] Determining the number of first aerial base stations to be deployed;

[0008] Determine the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station based on the area of ​​the to-be-deployed area, the shape of the to-be-deployed area, and the deployment quantity;

[0009] The to-be-deployed area is filled with coverage areas corresponding to the coverage areas of the first aerial base stations to maximize coverage, and a projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground is determined;

[0010] Determine, based on the coverage radius of each first aerial base station, a first deployment height and a first transmission power of each first aerial base station;

[0011] Based on the projection position, the first height, and the first transmission power, first aerial base stations are deployed in the air of the to-be-deployed area.

[0012] According to a method for deploying an aerial base station provided by the present invention, the method of determining the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station based on the area of ​​the to-be-deployed area, the shape of the to-be-deployed area, and the number of deployments includes:

[0013] Determine the maximum value of the distance between any two points in the area to be deployed based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed and the shape of the area to be deployed;

[0014] A first circular area is determined by taking a line segment between two points corresponding to the maximum value as a diameter; the first circular area completely covers the area to be deployed;

[0015] The number of deployed second circular areas is set within the first circular area, so that the second circular areas achieve maximum coverage of the first circular area; and the coverage positions of the second circular areas do not overlap;

[0016] The radius of the second circular area is determined as the coverage radius of each first aerial base station.

[0017] According to a method for deploying an aerial base station provided by the present invention, the first height and first transmission power of each first aerial base station deployed based on the coverage radius of each first aerial base station include:

[0018] Determine a path loss between a user terminal and the first aerial base station within a second circular area on the ground with the projection position of the first aerial base station as the center and the coverage radius of the first aerial base station as the radius;

[0019] Determining the first transmit power based on the path loss and a minimum receive power threshold of the user terminal;

[0020] The first height is determined based on the first transmission power and the coverage radius of the first aerial base station.

[0021] According to a method for deploying an aerial base station provided by the present invention, the path loss between the user terminal and the first aerial base station is determined by the following formula:

[0022]

[0023] Where P(LoS) = a(θ ij -θ0) b , P(NLoS)=1-a(θ ij -θ0) b , is the path loss between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, FSPL ij is the free space fading between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, P(LoS) is the line-of-sight transmission probability, P(NLoS) is the non-line-of-sight transmission probability, is the large-scale fading of line-of-sight transmission between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, is the large-scale fading of non-line-of-sight transmission between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, θ ij is the angle between the transmission path between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal and the ground, θ0 is a constant, θ0∈[0°,90°], θ ij ∈[θ0,90°], a and b are both constants.

[0024] According to a method for deploying an aerial base station provided by the present invention, after the first aerial base station is deployed in the air of the to-be-deployed area, the method further includes:

[0025] Determine a target area based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, the projection position of the first aerial base station on the ground, and the coverage area of ​​the first aerial base station; the target area is an uncovered area of ​​the first aerial base station in the area to be deployed;

[0026] deploying at least one radio remote unit in the air over the target area;

[0027] The radio remote unit is in communication connection with the first aerial base station, and the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit are used to achieve full-area communication coverage in the area to be deployed.

[0028] According to a method for deploying an aerial base station provided by the present invention, after deploying at least one radio remote unit in the air of the target area, the method further includes:

[0029] Acquire, through the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit, the amount of transmission information of the user terminal in the area to be deployed and the location information of the user terminal;

[0030] Determine at least one hotspot location in the to-be-deployed area based on the amount of transmission information and location information of the user terminal;

[0031] A second aerial base station is deployed in the air above each of the hotspot locations.

[0032] According to a method for deploying an aerial base station provided by the present invention, the second aerial base station communicates with the user terminal via a millimeter wave band.

[0033] The present invention also provides a deployment device for an aerial base station, comprising:

[0034] A first processing module is used to determine the deployment quantity of the first aerial base station;

[0035] A second processing module is used to determine the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station based on the area of ​​the to-be-deployed area, the shape of the to-be-deployed area and the deployment quantity;

[0036] A third processing module is used to maximize the coverage of the to-be-deployed area through the coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station, and determine the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground;

[0037] A fourth processing module, configured to determine a first deployment height and a first transmission power of each first aerial base station based on a coverage radius of each first aerial base station;

[0038] A fifth processing module is used to deploy each first aerial base station in the air of the to-be-deployed area based on the projection position, the first height and the first transmission power.

[0039] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, a method for deploying an aerial base station as described in any one of the above-described methods is implemented.

[0040] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for deploying an aerial base station as described in any one of the above is implemented.

[0041] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements any of the above-mentioned methods for deploying aerial base stations.

[0042] The method, device and electronic equipment for deploying aerial base stations provided by the present invention determine the coverage radius of the first aerial base stations by utilizing a certain number of first aerial base stations to provide communication coverage with the maximum coverage range for the area to be covered, and then determine the actual deployment position and transmission power of each first aerial base station. This can achieve maximum communication coverage for the area to be covered in an emergency scenario and improve the utilization efficiency of communication resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method for deploying an aerial base station provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is one of the coverage diagrams of the first aerial base station provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of the coverage range of the first aerial base station provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a deployment device of an aerial base station provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention describes the deployment method, device and electronic equipment of the aerial base station.

[0051] The execution subject of the method for deploying an aerial base station in the embodiment of the present invention may be a control center, and in some embodiments, may also be a controller or a server, and the execution subject is not limited here. The following describes the method for deploying an aerial base station in the embodiment of the present invention with the control center as the execution subject.

[0052] It should be noted that the control center is used for emergency deployment of the post-disaster communication system. The control center can receive user input and issue relevant instructions to relevant facilities. Alternatively, the control center can also automatically issue relevant instructions to relevant equipment according to the default strategy.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for deploying an aerial base station in an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes step 110, step 120, step 130, step 140 and step 150.

[0054] Step 110, determining the number of deployed first aerial base stations.

[0055] The first aerial base station is a public mobile communication base station for emergency use, and in this embodiment, it can be an aerial base station (Aerial Base Station, AeBS). The first aerial base station is a radio transceiver station that transmits information between a mobile communication exchange center and a terminal in a certain radio coverage area. The baseband part and the radio frequency part of the first aerial base station can be separated. Among them, the baseband part can be called a baseband processing unit, and the radio frequency part can be called a radio frequency remote unit. The baseband processing unit and the radio frequency remote unit can be connected by wired optical fiber or wirelessly.

[0056] Terminal can also be called User Equipment (UE), Mobile Station (MS), Mobile Terminal, Access Terminal, Terminal Equipment, User Unit, User Station, Mobile Station, Mobile Station, Remote Station, Remote Terminal, Mobile Device, User Terminal, Wireless Communication Equipment, User Agent or User Device, etc. The terminal can communicate with one or more core networks through a base station. The terminal can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computer device or a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and a terminal device in the future 5G network, etc.

[0057] Of course, in different communication systems, the specific units included in the first aerial base station are different. In this embodiment, the first aerial base station may only include a baseband processing unit, but not a radio frequency remote unit. The baseband processing unit includes a central unit and a distributed unit. By deploying a baseband processing unit with a wide coverage range, a wide range of communication emergency coverage can be achieved.

[0058] It should be noted that the first aerial base station provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to networking scenarios in which line-of-sight or non-line-of-sight transmission is required between the base station and the terminal. This application does not limit the specific type of data transmitted in the networking scenario, for example, it can be voice data, image data, video data, sensor data, and control data.

[0059] It is understandable that due to the high cost of the first aerial base station for emergency use, the number of deployed first aerial base stations is not necessarily the more the better. Therefore, when determining the number of deployed first aerial base stations, the deployment cost of the first aerial base station and the number of existing first aerial base station-related devices that can be dispatched and deployed can be fully considered, and then the actual number required for deployment can be determined through comprehensive consideration.

[0060] It is understandable that after obtaining the number of first aerial base stations available for deployment, the number can be used as the number of first aerial base stations to be deployed. In other words, the number of deployments can be a user-defined number.

[0061] Step 120: Determine the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station based on the area of ​​the to-be-deployed area, the shape of the to-be-deployed area, and the number of deployments.

[0062] It should be noted that the area to be deployed may be an area affected by a disaster, or the area to be deployed may be an area where emergency communications need to be restored after a disaster.

[0063] In some embodiments, the area and shape of the area to be deployed can be first obtained by mapping using a satellite or a drone.

[0064] For example, patrol drones can be used to scan the area to be deployed. The scanning method is that the drone continuously takes high-definition images of the disaster area at a fixed direction, speed and altitude. In this case, the photos taken every two times must maintain a certain overlap area to ensure that the images can be completely spliced, thereby obtaining complete and accurate shape and area data of the area to be deployed.

[0065] In the prior art, when deploying base stations to provide communication coverage for a certain area, the deployment height and transmission power of the base stations are usually determined based on the communication requirements of the required scenario, and then the coverage radius of the base stations is determined, and then the number of base stations to be deployed is determined.

[0066] In this embodiment, the existing base station resources are preferentially used to achieve communication coverage over a wider range. That is, in this embodiment, after the number of first aerial base stations to be deployed is determined, the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​the first aerial base stations are determined, and then the deployment height and transmission power of the first aerial base stations are determined.

[0067] In some embodiments, based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, and the number of deployments, determining the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station may include the following process.

[0068] The maximum value of the distance between any two points in the area to be deployed may be determined based on the area and shape of the area to be deployed, and the first circular area may be determined using the line segment between the two points corresponding to the maximum value as the diameter.

[0069] It should be noted that the first circular area will fully cover the area to be deployed.

[0070] In this embodiment, the area to be deployed can be placed between two parallel straight lines, both of which pass through the boundary of the area to be deployed. The two intersections of the area to be deployed and the two straight lines can be determined by adjusting the distance between the two straight lines, and then the line segment between the two points corresponding to the maximum value is taken as the diameter to determine the first circular area.

[0071] It can be understood that in order to achieve the first aerial base station covering the largest possible area of ​​the area to be deployed, a first circular area with a circular boundary can be determined to fully cover the area to be deployed, so as to solve the maximum filling strategy in the complex two-dimensional bounded space filling problem.

[0072] Since the coverage range of the base station is a circular area, in some embodiments, the area to be deployed may be fully covered with an elliptical area first, so as to solve the maximum filling strategy of the base station coverage range.

[0073] It is understandable that, according to the number of deployed first aerial base stations, a number of deployed second circular areas may be set within the first circular area, so that the second circular area can achieve maximum coverage of the first circular area.

[0074] It should be noted that the larger the radius of the second circular area, the larger the coverage of the first aerial base station. Although the larger the coverage of a single first aerial base station, the larger the area that the emergency network system can cover. However, at the same deployment height, the larger the coverage of the first aerial base station, the higher its transmission power, which will increase the energy consumption and equipment loss of the first aerial base station. Moreover, if the coverage of a single first aerial base station is too large, the coverage of multiple first aerial base stations will overlap, in which case, a large waste of resources will occur.

[0075] In this embodiment, the coverage positions of each second circular area do not overlap, which can effectively reduce the impact of resource waste after the deployment of the first aerial base station, and can also effectively reduce the impact of energy consumption and equipment loss caused by an excessively large coverage radius, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of communication resources.

[0076] In other words, when the coverage ranges of multiple first aerial base stations do not overlap, the coverage radius of the first aerial base station is set to the maximum to achieve maximum coverage of the first circular area, and then the radius of the second circular area is determined as the coverage radius of the first aerial base station.

[0077] Of course, in other embodiments, after determining the area of ​​the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, and the number of deployed first aerial base stations, the coverage radius of the first aerial base station can be determined according to the historical distribution positions of user terminals in the area to be deployed to achieve coverage of as many user terminals as possible.

[0078] Step 130, the coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station is used to maximize the coverage of the area to be deployed, and the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground is determined.

[0079] It can be understood that after determining the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​the first aerial base station, multiple coverage methods can be implemented on the first circular area, and the coverage rate of each coverage method can be calculated to determine the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground when it is finally deployed in the air.

[0080] It can be understood that the deployment positions corresponding to each first aerial base station and the relative positional relationship between each first aerial base station can be determined in the first circular area. On this basis, the area to be covered can be rotated and traversed with the center of the first circular area as the center, and the rotation range is 360°, so as to obtain the maximum coverage rate of the area to be covered covered by multiple first aerial base stations, and the projection position of each first aerial base station on the area to be covered is calculated according to the position of the area to be covered corresponding to the maximum coverage rate.

[0081] In some embodiments, the number of deployed first aerial base stations is 2, that is, two first aerial base stations are deployed in the area to be covered.

[0082] like Figure 2 As shown, when two first aerial base stations are deployed in the area to be covered, the coverage areas corresponding to the coverage areas of the two first aerial base stations maximize the coverage of the area to be deployed as shown in the figure.

[0083] Figure 2 In the figure, the area with irregular borders represents the area to be covered, the circular area with a larger diameter is the first circular area, and the two circles with smaller diameters are the second circular areas. In this case, the interval between the two centers of the two second circular areas is the largest, and the maximum range of the first circular area can be covered without overlapping the two second circular areas.

[0084] In other words, the boundaries of the two second circular areas are tangent to the center of the first circular area, and the radius of the second circular area is the coverage radius R of the first aerial base station. A is the radius R of the first circular area sys half.

[0085] In some embodiments, the number of deployed first aerial base stations is 3, that is, three first aerial base stations are deployed in the area to be covered.

[0086] like Figure 3 As shown, when three first aerial base stations are deployed in the area to be covered, the coverage areas corresponding to the coverage areas of the three first aerial base stations maximize the coverage of the area to be deployed as shown in the figure.

[0087] Figure 3 In the figure, the area with irregular borders represents the area to be covered, the circular area with a larger diameter is the first circular area, and the three circles with smaller diameters are the second circular areas. When the intersection of the tangents of the three second circular areas is the center of the equilateral triangle formed by the three second circular areas, the maximum range of the first circular area can be covered without overlapping the three second circular areas. The radius of the second circular area is the coverage radius R of the first aerial base station. A The radius R of the first circular area sys The relationship between them satisfies: R A =R sys / cos30°.

[0088] Step 140: Determine a first deployment height and a first transmission power of the first aerial base station based on the coverage radius of the first aerial base station.

[0089] It can be understood that the conditions that the transmission power of the first aerial base station must meet can be determined in combination with the transmission path loss between the ground terminal device and the first space base station to determine the first transmission power, and then the first deployment height of the first aerial base station can be determined when the transmission power and coverage radius are determined.

[0090] Step 150: deploy a first aerial base station in the air above the area to be deployed based on the projection position, the first altitude, and the first transmission power.

[0091] It can be understood that after determining the first height and the first transmission power, the first aerial base stations can be deployed at the first height at the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground, and the first aerial base stations can be controlled to communicate with the ground terminal according to the first transmission power.

[0092] According to the method for deploying aerial base stations provided by an embodiment of the present invention, a certain number of first aerial base stations are used to provide communication coverage with the maximum coverage range for the area to be covered, the coverage radius of the first aerial base stations is determined, and then the actual deployment position and transmission power of each first aerial base station are determined. This can achieve maximum communication coverage for the area to be covered in an emergency scenario and improve the utilization efficiency of communication resources.

[0093] In some embodiments, step 140: determining the first deployment height and first transmission power of each first aerial base station based on the coverage radius of the first aerial base station includes the following process.

[0094] It is understandable that the path loss between the user terminal and the first aerial base station in a second circular area on the ground with the projection position of the first aerial base station as the center and the coverage radius of the first aerial base station as the radius can be determined first.

[0095] In this case, the path loss of communication between the user terminal at each position within the second circular area and the first aerial base station may be calculated first.

[0096] The path loss between the user terminal and the first aerial base station is determined by the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] Where P(LoS) = a(θ ij -θ0) b , P(NLoS)=1-a(θ ij -θ0) b , is the path loss between the i-th first air base station and the j-th user terminal, FSPL ij is the free space fading between the i-th first airborne base station and the j-th user terminal, P(LoS) is the line-of-sight transmission probability, P(NLoS) is the non-line-of-sight transmission probability, is the large-scale fading of line-of-sight transmission between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, is the large-scale fading of non-line-of-sight transmission between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, θ ij is the angle between the transmission path between the i-th first air base station and the j-th user terminal and the ground, θ0 is a constant, θ0∈[0°,90°], θ ij ∈[θ0,90°], a and b are both constants.

[0099] It should be noted that θ0 is the initial angle, which is related to the hardware parameters of the first aerial base station. a and b represent fixed parameters related to the environment, which can be set based on experience. For example, a can be 0.76, and b can be 0.6.

[0100] In some embodiments, free space fading can be expressed as: FSPL ij =20logd ij +20logf-27.55, where f is the carrier frequency, and the value of f can be 2000MHz.

[0101] In this case, the first transmit power may be determined based on the path loss and the minimum receive power threshold of the user terminal.

[0102] It is understandable that the minimum receiving power threshold value of the user terminal can be determined according to the type information of various user terminals. Alternatively, the historical minimum receiving power value can be determined according to the historical connection transmission information of the user terminal, and the value is used as the minimum receiving power threshold value. At the same time, the maximum path loss is determined according to the calculated path loss of the user terminal.

[0103] In some embodiments, the sum of the maximum path loss and the minimum receiving power threshold of the user terminal may be determined as the first transmit power.

[0104] In this case, the influence of power loss involved in the transmission process between the user terminal and the first aerial base station is fully considered, and the first transmission power of the first aerial base station can be guaranteed to be unaffected by the transmission path loss. In addition, by considering the minimum receiving power threshold of the user terminal, the influence of resource waste caused by excessive first transmission power can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of network resources.

[0105] Of course, in some other embodiments, the first transmit power may be determined in other ways.

[0106] It can be understood that after the first transmission power is determined, the first height can be determined based on the first transmission power and the coverage radius of the aerial base station according to the attribute parameters of the first aerial base station.

[0107] In this embodiment, the deployment parameters of the first aerial base station are determined by fully considering the influence of path loss and user terminal receiving power, which can improve the efficiency of network resource utilization while ensuring effective communication coverage.

[0108] In some embodiments, after the first aerial base station is deployed in the air above the area to be deployed, the method for deploying the aerial base station of an embodiment of the present invention further includes: determining the target area based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, the projection position of the first aerial base station on the ground, and the coverage area of ​​the first aerial base station.

[0109] It can be understood that the target area is an area not covered by the first aerial base station in the area to be deployed.

[0110] In other words, after the coverage area after the first aerial base station is deployed is determined in the area to be deployed, the uncovered edge area and gap area are determined, and the uncovered edge area and gap area are determined as the target area.

[0111] On this basis, at least one radio remote unit may be deployed in the air in the target area.

[0112] It can be understood that the RF remote unit in this embodiment may be an Aerial Remote Radio Head (AeRRH). The Aerial Remote Radio Head does not have a baseband processing unit and cannot work independently.

[0113] In this embodiment, the radio remote unit is communicatively connected to the first aerial base station, and the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit are used to achieve full-area communication coverage in the area to be deployed.

[0114] The baseband processing unit of the first airborne base station can support multiple radio remote units. The radio remote unit in this embodiment transmits baseband signals to the baseband processing unit, the baseband processing unit can send the baseband signals to the radio remote unit, the radio remote unit can convert the baseband signals into radio frequency signals and transmit them through the antenna, and the radio remote unit can also receive radio frequency signals through the antenna, convert the received radio frequency signals into baseband signals and send the baseband signals to the baseband processing unit.

[0115] The radio frequency remote unit is communicatively connected with the first aerial base station, and can achieve coverage of the target area by continuously deploying radio frequency remote units in the gap positions and edge positions of network coverage through the range of the area to be covered and the coverage range of the first aerial base station, thereby achieving coverage of the entire area to be covered.

[0116] In this embodiment, the first aerial base station is deployed to ensure emergency communications at most locations in the area to be covered at the fastest speed, and then radio frequency remote units are arranged to provide communication coverage for gaps and edge locations, thereby achieving full and rapid coverage of communications in the area to be covered and ensuring continuous network services over a large area in the area to be covered.

[0117] In some embodiments, after deploying at least one radio remote unit in the air of the target area, the method for deploying an aerial base station of an embodiment of the present invention further includes: obtaining the transmission information volume and location information of user terminals in the area to be deployed through the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit.

[0118] It is understandable that after the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit are deployed, the communication in the area to be covered is restored, and the user terminal can access the temporarily constructed aerial network system for communication.

[0119] In this case, the amount of transmission information of the user terminal in the target area and the location information of the user terminal acquired by the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit may be collected.

[0120] Due to the transfer and activities of people, the traffic volume in some areas will surge, and it is difficult to meet the communication needs of the target area with existing technologies and equipment. Excessive population density will generate regional traffic hotspots caused by user aggregation.

[0121] These users gathered in hot spots are called hot spot gathering users. For a hot spot area, the closer to the center, the higher the degree of user gathering.

[0122] In some embodiments, based on the amount of transmission information and location information of user terminals, places where user terminals are densely distributed and have a large amount of transmission information can be determined as hotspot locations. In this case, at least one hotspot location can be determined in the target area.

[0123] After the hotspot locations are determined, a second aerial base station may be deployed in the air above each hotspot location.

[0124] In other words, based on the amount of information transmitted and the location information of the user terminal, at least one hotspot location can be determined in the area to be deployed, and a second aerial base station can be deployed in the air above each hotspot location.

[0125] In this case, by deploying a second aerial base station, local performance improvement and capacity expansion can be achieved at the hotspot location, thereby better providing stable and continuous network services to the target area.

[0126] In some embodiments, the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit both communicate with the user terminal via a conventional band, and the second aerial base station communicates with the user terminal via a millimeter wave band.

[0127] In other words, the second aerial base station is a millimeter wave base station. In this case, the millimeter wave base station can provide sufficient bandwidth, low latency and high-capacity communication support.

[0128] Millimeter waves have the advantage of large bandwidth, and bandwidth is the most important resource in communications. To achieve higher download rates, the simplest way is to increase the bandwidth. Millimeter waves have a large bandwidth ranging from 24GHz to 100GHz, which is 25 times more than the bandwidth currently used by 3G / 4G, and can easily achieve a higher rate.

[0129] Millimeter waves have the advantage of low latency. Millimeter wave technology supports reducing the length of subframes, can transmit information in a very short time, and can quickly feedback whether the information has been received or not, which can reduce communication latency.

[0130] Millimeter waves also have the advantage of large capacity. If there are hundreds of people in a square, or thousands or even ten thousand people in a stadium, a large number of users are downloading data at the same time. Compared with when only a single user is downloading, the requirements for wireless communication bandwidth and download rate are different. Millimeter waves can well meet the wireless communication needs of a large number of users and provide greater capacity.

[0131] In this case, millimeter wave base stations can provide faster and more stable network services for hotspot locations, thereby better meeting the communication needs of special areas in emergency scenarios.

[0132] In some embodiments, the first aerial base station is deployed using an airship as a carrier, and the radio remote unit and the second aerial base station are both deployed using a fixed-wing aircraft as a carrier.

[0133] It should be noted that in order to realize the aerial deployment of base stations, drones can be used for deployment.

[0134] Drone types can be divided into rotorcraft, fixed-wing aircraft and airships. Rotorcraft have a payload capacity ranging from tens of grams to seven kilograms, cannot carry enough communication units, and have relatively low autonomy. They can only operate at low altitudes for a few minutes, making them unsuitable for post-disaster network repair scenarios.

[0135] Fixed-wing aircraft have sufficient payload capacity, allowing trajectory management and positioning. Compared with rotary-wing aircraft, they are generally more autonomous, can operate for up to an hour, can be used to carry network modules, and can be deployed quickly and cost-effectively.

[0136] Airships and balloons are classified as aerostatic platforms that use buoyancy to stay aloft. They are very flexible in terms of payload and autonomy, and can fly and stay in the air for long periods of time at altitudes ranging from 200 meters to 30 kilometers above the ground.

[0137] Therefore, considering the specific conditions of different communication facilities, the location of the first aerial base station will basically not change, so the first aerial base station can be deployed by airship. Considering the change of hotspot location and the flexibility of RF unit deployment, the second aerial base station and RF remote unit can be deployed by fixed-wing aircraft as a carrier.

[0138] In this embodiment, by selecting appropriate carriers for different types of network devices and deploying the network devices, it is possible to ensure that the network devices are deployed normally, thereby meeting the communication needs of the target area.

[0139] The following is a description of the deployment device of the aerial base station provided by the present invention. The deployment device of the aerial base station described below and the deployment method of the aerial base station described above can correspond to each other.

[0140] like Figure 4 As shown, the deployment device of the aerial base station provided by the present invention includes a first processing module 410 , a second processing module 420 , a third processing module 430 , a fourth processing module 440 and a fifth processing module 450 .

[0141] The first processing module 410 is used to determine the deployment quantity of the first aerial base station;

[0142] The second processing module 420 is used to determine the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station based on the area of ​​the to-be-deployed area, the shape of the to-be-deployed area, and the number of deployments;

[0143] The third processing module 430 is used to maximize the coverage of the area to be deployed through the coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station, and determine the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground;

[0144] The fourth processing module 440 is used to determine the first height and first transmission power of each first aerial base station based on the coverage radius of each first aerial base station;

[0145] The fifth processing module 450 is used to deploy each first aerial base station in the air of the to-be-deployed area based on the projection position, the first altitude, and the first transmission power.

[0146] According to the deployment device of the aerial base station provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by utilizing a certain number of first aerial base stations to provide communication coverage with the maximum coverage range for the area to be covered, the coverage radius of the first aerial base stations is determined, and then the actual deployment position and transmission power of each first aerial base station are determined. This can achieve maximum communication coverage for the area to be covered in an emergency scenario and improve the utilization efficiency of communication resources.

[0147] In some embodiments, the second processing module 420 is also used to determine the maximum value of the distance between any two points in the area to be deployed based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed and the shape of the area to be deployed; determine the first circular area with the line segment between the two points corresponding to the maximum value as the diameter; the first circular area fully covers the area to be deployed; a number of second circular areas are set within the first circular area so that the second circular area achieves maximum coverage of the first circular area; the coverage positions of the second circular areas do not overlap; and the radius of the second circular area is determined as the coverage radius of each first aerial base station.

[0148] In some embodiments, the fourth processing module 440 is also used to determine the path loss between the user terminal and the first aerial base station within a second circular area on the ground with the projection position of the first aerial base station as the center and the coverage radius of the first aerial base station as the radius; determine the first transmission power based on the path loss and the minimum receiving power threshold value of the user terminal; determine the first height based on the first transmission power and the coverage radius of the first aerial base station.

[0149] In some embodiments, the path loss between the user terminal and the first aerial base station is determined by the following formula:

[0150]

[0151] Where P(LoS) = a(θ ij -θ0) b , P(NLoS)=1-a(θ ij -θ0) b , is the path loss between the i-th first air base station and the j-th user terminal, FSPL ij is the free space fading between the i-th first airborne base station and the j-th user terminal, P(LoS) is the line-of-sight transmission probability, P(NLoS) is the non-line-of-sight transmission probability, is the large-scale fading of line-of-sight transmission between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, is the large-scale fading of non-line-of-sight transmission between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, θ ij is the angle between the transmission path between the i-th first air base station and the j-th user terminal and the ground, θ0 is a constant, θ0∈[0°,90°], θ ij ∈[θ0,90°], a and b are both constants.

[0152] In some embodiments, the deployment device of the aerial base station of the embodiment of the present invention also includes a sixth processing module, which is used to determine the target area based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, the projection position of the first aerial base station on the ground, and the coverage area of ​​the first aerial base station; the target area is the uncovered area of ​​the first aerial base station in the area to be deployed; at least one radio frequency remote unit is deployed in the air of the target area; the radio frequency remote unit is communicatively connected with the first aerial base station, and the first aerial base station and the radio frequency remote unit are used to achieve full-area communication coverage in the area to be deployed.

[0153] In some embodiments, the sixth processing module is also used to obtain the transmission information volume of user terminals and the location information of user terminals in the area to be deployed through the first aerial base station and the radio frequency remote unit; based on the transmission information volume and location information of the user terminal, determine at least one hotspot location in the area to be deployed; and deploy a second aerial base station in the air at each hotspot location.

[0154] In some embodiments, the second aerial base station communicates with the user terminal via a millimeter wave band.

[0155] Figure 5 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 510, a communication interface 520, a memory 530 and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication interface 520 and the memory 530 communicate with each other through the communication bus 540. The processor 510 may call the logic instructions in the memory 530 to execute the method for deploying the aerial base station, the method comprising: determining the number of first aerial base stations to be deployed; determining the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed and the number of deployments; maximizing the coverage of the area to be deployed by the coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station, and determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground; determining the first height and first transmission power of each first aerial base station based on the coverage radius of each first aerial base station; and deploying each first aerial base station in the air of the area to be deployed based on the projection position, the first height and the first transmission power.

[0156] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 530 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0157] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. The computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the aerial base station deployment method provided by the above-mentioned methods, which includes: determining the number of first aerial base stations to be deployed; determining the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed and the number of deployments; maximizing the coverage of the area to be deployed by the coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station, and determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground; determining the first height and first transmission power of each first aerial base station based on the coverage radius of each first aerial base station; and deploying each first aerial base station in the air of the area to be deployed based on the projection position, the first height and the first transmission power.

[0158] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to execute the aerial base station deployment method provided by the above-mentioned methods, the method comprising: determining the number of first aerial base stations to be deployed; determining the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed and the number of deployments; maximizing the coverage of the area to be deployed by the coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station, and determining the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground; determining the first height and first transmission power of each first aerial base station based on the coverage radius of each first aerial base station; and deploying each first aerial base station in the air of the area to be deployed based on the projection position, the first height and the first transmission power.

[0159] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0160] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0161] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for deploying an aerial base station, characterized in that: include: Determining the number of first aerial base stations to be deployed; Determine the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station based on the area of ​​the to-be-deployed area, the shape of the to-be-deployed area, and the deployment quantity; The to-be-deployed area is filled with coverage areas corresponding to the coverage areas of the first aerial base stations to maximize coverage, and a projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground is determined; Determine, based on the coverage radius of each first aerial base station, a first deployment height and a first transmission power of each first aerial base station; Deploy first aerial base stations in the air of the to-be-deployed area based on the projection position, the first height, and the first transmission power; The determining, based on the area of ​​the to-be-deployed area, the shape of the to-be-deployed area, and the number of deployments, of the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station includes: Determine the maximum value of the distance between any two points in the area to be deployed based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed and the shape of the area to be deployed; A first circular area is determined by taking a line segment between two points corresponding to the maximum value as a diameter; the first circular area completely covers the area to be deployed; The number of deployed second circular areas is set within the first circular area, so that the second circular areas achieve maximum coverage of the first circular area; and the coverage positions of the second circular areas do not overlap; Determine the radius of the second circular area as the coverage radius of each first aerial base station; The determining, based on the coverage radius of each first aerial base station, the first deployment height and the first transmission power of each first aerial base station includes: Determine a path loss between a user terminal and the first aerial base station within a second circular area on the ground with the projection position of the first aerial base station as the center and the coverage radius of the first aerial base station as the radius; Determining the first transmit power based on the path loss and a minimum receive power threshold of the user terminal; The first height is determined based on the first transmission power and the coverage radius of the first aerial base station.

2. The method for deploying an aerial base station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The path loss between the user terminal and the first aerial base station is determined by the following formula: ； in, , , is the path loss between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, is the free space fading between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, is the line-of-sight transmission probability, is the non-line-of-sight transmission probability, is the large-scale fading of line-of-sight transmission between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, is the large-scale fading of non-line-of-sight transmission between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal, is the angle between the transmission path between the i-th first aerial base station and the j-th user terminal and the ground, is a constant, , , a and b are both constants.

3. The method for deploying an aerial base station according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: After deploying the first aerial base station in the air of the to-be-deployed area, the method further includes: Determine a target area based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed, the shape of the area to be deployed, the projection position of the first aerial base station on the ground, and the coverage area of ​​the first aerial base station; the target area is an uncovered area of ​​the first aerial base station in the area to be deployed; deploying at least one radio remote unit in the air over the target area; The radio remote unit is in communication connection with the first aerial base station, and the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit are used to achieve full-area communication coverage in the area to be deployed.

4. The method for deploying an aerial base station according to claim 3, characterized in that: After deploying at least one radio remote unit in the air in the target area, the method further includes: Acquire, through the first aerial base station and the radio remote unit, the amount of transmission information of the user terminal in the area to be deployed and the location information of the user terminal; Determine at least one hotspot location in the to-be-deployed area based on the amount of transmission information and location information of the user terminal; A second aerial base station is deployed in the air above each of the hotspot locations.

5. The method for deploying an aerial base station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second aerial base station communicates with the user terminal via a millimeter wave band.

6. A deployment device for an aerial base station, characterized in that: include: A first processing module is used to determine the deployment quantity of the first aerial base station; A second processing module is used to determine the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station based on the area of ​​the to-be-deployed area, the shape of the to-be-deployed area and the deployment quantity; A third processing module is used to maximize the coverage of the to-be-deployed area through the coverage area corresponding to the coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station, and determine the projection position of each first aerial base station on the ground; A fourth processing module, configured to determine a first deployment height and a first transmission power of each first aerial base station based on a coverage radius of each first aerial base station; A fifth processing module, configured to deploy each first aerial base station in the air of the to-be-deployed area based on the projection position, the first height, and the first transmission power; The determining, based on the area of ​​the to-be-deployed area, the shape of the to-be-deployed area, and the number of deployments, of the coverage radius and coverage area of ​​each first aerial base station includes: Determine the maximum value of the distance between any two points in the area to be deployed based on the area of ​​the area to be deployed and the shape of the area to be deployed; A first circular area is determined by taking a line segment between two points corresponding to the maximum value as a diameter; the first circular area completely covers the area to be deployed; The number of deployed second circular areas is set within the first circular area, so that the second circular areas achieve maximum coverage of the first circular area; and the coverage positions of the second circular areas do not overlap; Determine the radius of the second circular area as the coverage radius of each first aerial base station; The determining, based on the coverage radius of each first aerial base station, the first deployment height and the first transmission power of each first aerial base station includes: Determine a path loss between a user terminal and the first aerial base station within a second circular area on the ground with the projection position of the first aerial base station as the center and the coverage radius of the first aerial base station as the radius; Determining the first transmit power based on the path loss and a minimum receive power threshold of the user terminal; The first height is determined based on the first transmission power and the coverage radius of the first aerial base station.

7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the method for deploying the aerial base station as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

8. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for deploying an aerial base station as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 is implemented.

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