A hydraulic coal and rock strata perforation device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a hydraulic coal and rock strata perforation device and method, comprising a drill rod and a nozzle assembly. The nozzle assembly includes a nozzle and a nozzle rod, with the nozzle connected to the nozzle rod, which passes through the drill rod and is connected to it. The nozzle and nozzle rod are in communication, and the nozzle rod is in communication with the drill rod. A slag discharge hole is provided on the nozzle head, and the slag discharge hole is in communication with the nozzle rod. Several inclined nozzles communicating with the borehole are provided outside the slag discharge hole. An anti-clogging structure is provided between the inclined nozzles and the slag discharge hole, and the inclined nozzles are in communication with the anti-clogging structure, which is in communication with the borehole. An unlocking structure is provided on the nozzle head, and a slag discharge structure is provided on the nozzle rod. The unlocking structure cooperates with the slag discharge structure. By opening an inclined nozzle on the outer edge of the nozzle head to complete inclined spraying, the rock slag generated from the sprayed coal and rock strata is discharged through the slag discharge hole on the nozzle head. Simultaneously, the anti-clogging structure and the slag discharge structure are used to efficiently remove the slag clogging the borehole, improving the rock slag return water efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engineering construction, in particular to a hydraulic coal rock stratum punching device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing hydraulic punching high-pressure water enters the punching drill rod and is high-pressure sprayed through the spray hole of the spray head. The rock slag is discharged through the gap between the drill hole and the drill hole. However, due to uneven stress during drilling, the inner wall of the drill hole is rough, which greatly affects the discharge of the rock slag. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the technical problem of low efficiency of the rock slag returning through the gap between the drill hole and the inner wall of the drill rod in the current high-pressure water punching method, the present application provides a hydraulic coal rock stratum punching device and method.

[0004] The present application achieves the above-mentioned purposes through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present application provides a hydraulic coal rock stratum punching device, which comprises a drill rod and a spray head assembly, the spray head assembly comprises a spray head and a spray rod, the spray head is connected with the spray rod, the spray rod is arranged in the drill rod, the spray rod is connected with the drill rod, the spray head is communicated with the spray rod, and the spray rod is communicated with the drill rod; a slag discharge hole is arranged on the spray head, the slag discharge hole is communicated with the spray rod, a plurality of inclined spray holes communicated with the drill hole are arranged outside the slag discharge hole, a anti-blocking structure is arranged between the inclined spray hole and the slag discharge hole, the inclined spray hole is communicated with the anti-blocking structure, and the anti-blocking structure is communicated with the drill hole; an unlocking structure is arranged on the spray head, a slag discharge structure is arranged on the spray rod, and the unlocking structure is matched with the slag discharge structure, so that when the unlocking structure drives the spray rod to stretch out from the drill rod under the action of the high-pressure water, the slag discharge structure is communicated with the drill hole.

[0006] Preferably, the anti-blocking structure comprises a dredging hole opened in the axial direction of the spray head, one side of the dredging hole is communicated with the inclined spray hole through a horizontal hole, and the dredging hole is communicated with the drill hole, so that the high-pressure water in the drill hole is sprayed to the rock stratum through the dredging hole, the horizontal hole and the inclined spray hole in sequence; an ejection spring is arranged in the dredging hole, one end of the ejection spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the dredging hole, and the other end of the ejection spring is connected with a ejector rod, so that the ejection spring drives the ejector rod to reset to unblock the slag group at the inlet of the dredging hole.

[0007] Preferably, the inclined spray hole, the horizontal hole and the dredging hole integrally form a high-pressure water jet channel.

[0008] Preferably, the unlocking mechanism comprises reverse fixed paddles, and a plurality of the reverse fixed paddles are uniformly arranged on the spray head and on both sides of the spray rod, and the reverse fixed paddles drive the spray head and the spray rod to reverse under the impact of the high-pressure water.

[0009] Preferably, the spray rod is threadedly connected with the drill rod, and the residue discharging structure comprises a plurality of residue discharging ports which are uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the spray rod, the residue discharging ports are rectangular long strip-shaped residue discharging ports which penetrate along the radial direction of the spray rod, and the side of the residue discharging port close to the side surface of the drill rod is a 90° arc surface.

[0010] Preferably, the equipment cavity is provided with a sealing assembly which is in communication with the drill hole, and the side of the sealing assembly close to the drill hole penetrates out of the equipment cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the side of the equipment cavity is provided with a connecting hole which is in communication with the outside, and the side of the equipment cavity close to the spray rod is provided with a mounting hole; the sealing assembly comprises a rubber block, the side of the rubber block is provided with a protruding end, the axial direction of the rubber block is provided with a water inlet hole which is in communication with the outside, and the water inlet hole extends into the protruding end; the rubber block penetrates through the mounting hole and is fixed in the equipment cavity, the protruding end extends out of the connecting hole, the water inlet hole is in the same straight line with the mounting hole, and the water inlet hole is in communication with the drill hole.

[0012] Preferably, the cross section of the water inlet hole is L-shaped.

[0013] Preferably, the high-pressure water inlet channel which penetrates through the drill rod is arranged along the radial direction of the drill rod, the spray channel which penetrates through the high-pressure water inlet channel is arranged along the axial direction perpendicular to the high-pressure water inlet channel, the spray channel is in communication with the high-pressure water inlet channel, the spray channel and the high-pressure water inlet channel are in the shape of a cross as a whole, and the two ends of the spray channel are in communication with the inside of the drill rod, respectively.

[0014] The application further provides a working method of the water power coal rock layer punching device.

[0015] S1, high-pressure water spraying: firstly, high-pressure water is injected between the drill rod and the drill hole, the high-pressure water is sequentially sprayed to the coal rock layer through the anti-blocking structure and the inclined spray hole, the rock residue return water generated on the coal rock layer by the high-pressure water spraying enters the spray rod through the residue discharging hole, enters the drill rod through the spray rod, and is discharged from the hole;

[0016] S2, sealing of the outer edge of the spray head: while the high-pressure water is sprayed, the high-pressure water in the drill rod and the drill hole is injected into the sealing assembly on the outer side of the spray head, the sealing assembly expands under the action of the high-pressure water, and fills the gap between the spray head and the drill hole;

[0017] S3, the anti-blocking structure is cleared: when the rock slag blocks the outer edge of the dredging hole in the anti-blocking structure, the ejector spring in the anti-blocking structure drives the ejector rod to extend outward and reset, at this time, the ejector rod opens the rock slag on the outer edge of the dredging hole, at this time, the dredging hole is exposed, under the impact of high-pressure water, the ejector spring is compressed again into the dredging hole, the high-pressure water flows into the inclined jet hole again through the dredging hole, and the high-pressure water jet operation is continued;

[0018] S4, the rock slag is discharged through the discharge structure: when the anti-blocking structure cannot clear the rock slag on the outer edge of the dredging hole, the drilling machine is stopped, the drill rod stops rotating clockwise, at this time, the unlocking structure drives the nozzle and the jet rod to rotate as a whole under the impact of high-pressure water, the jet rod rotates outward relative to the drill rod, and the discharge port in the discharge structure is exposed, at this time, the rock slag in the borehole flows into the discharge port under the action of high-pressure water, the rock slag returns to the water through the discharge port into the jet rod, and then flows into the drill rod, and is discharged from the hole;

[0019] S5, the drilling machine is started: when the discharge port in the discharge structure is exposed, the water discharge capacity in the drill rod reaches the peak value, the drilling machine is started by monitoring the water discharge capacity in the drill rod reaching the peak value, the drilling machine drives the drill rod to rotate clockwise at low speed, and the reverse force caused by the reverse rotation of the unlocking structure is offset, when the high-pressure water flows into the inclined jet hole through the dredging hole and starts to jet the coal rock layer, the drilling machine drives the drill rod to rotate clockwise at high speed, so that the jet rod body is completely connected with the drill rod, the initial state is restored, and the high-pressure water jet operation is continued;

[0020] S6, secondary crushing of rock slag: when the rock slag returns to the water through the drill rod, high-pressure water is introduced into the high-pressure water inlet channel on both sides of the drill rod, the high-pressure water flows into the jet channel through the high-pressure water inlet channel, and is sprayed outward through the two side nozzles of the jet channel, thereby completing the secondary crushing of the rock slag.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0022] 1. The present application changes the traditional rock slag return water mode, by injecting high-pressure water between the drill hole and the drill rod, the high-pressure water is jetted obliquely through the inclined jet hole on the outer edge of the nozzle, the rock slag returned by the high-pressure water jet is introduced into the jet rod through the rock slag hole on the nozzle, and then passes through the jet rod into the drill rod, thereby avoiding the rock slag remaining in the drill hole in the traditional rock slag return water process, and improving the rock slag discharge efficiency;

[0023] 2. The present application sets a cross-shaped jet structure inside the drill rod, high-pressure water is introduced into the drill rod on both sides, and then sprayed through the two end nozzles of the jet channel, thereby crushing the rock slag discharged outward through the drill rod twice, increasing the water return power, and avoiding the rock slag from blocking the drill rod;

[0024] 3、The present application sets high-strength rubber block outside the spray head, high-pressure water in the drill pipe and drill hole enters the high-strength rubber block through the water inlet hole, the high-strength rubber expands under the action of high-pressure water, fills the gap between the spray head and the drill hole, thereby reducing the rock slag through the gap between the spray head and the drill hole, and improving the sealing between the spray head and the drill hole;

[0025] 4、The present application sets a dredging hole on the spray head, when the outer edge of the dredging hole is blocked by a large slag mass, the ejection spring of the dredging hole drives the ejector rod to reset and extend outward, the ejector rod pushes away the slag mass on the outer edge of the dredging hole when it extends, then the high-pressure water drives the ejector rod to move into the dredging hole, the high-pressure water flows into the inclined spray hole, and the slag removal process is completed;

[0026] 5、The present application sets a reverse fixed paddle on the spray head and a long strip-shaped slag discharge port on the spray rod, when the ejector rod in the dredging hole cannot handle the slag mass, the drilling machine is stopped, the reverse fixed paddle starts to reverse under the impact of high-pressure water, at the same time, the reverse fixed paddle drives the spray head and the spray rod to reverse as a whole, the spray rod extends outward, at this time, the long strip-shaped slag discharge port on the spray rod is exposed, the high-pressure water discharges the slag mass in the drill hole outward through the slag discharge port, thereby completing the secondary slag removal operation of the slag mass, ensuring the normal operation of the jetting operation, and improving the rock slag return water efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 is a distribution diagram of the drill pipe and the drill hole in the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drill pipe in the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the spray hole distribution in the present application.

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the spray head and the spray rod in the present application.

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing assembly in the present application.

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the reverse fixed paddle and the slag discharge port in the present application.

[0034] The following is a description of the reference signs:

[0035] 1 is a drill hole;

[0036] 2 is a nozzle, 21 is a device cavity, 22 is a rubber block, 23 is a residue discharge hole, 24 is an ejection spring, 25 is an ejector rod, 26 is an inclined jet hole, 27 is a dredging hole, 28 is a reverse fixed paddle;

[0037] 221 is a convex end, 222 is a water inlet hole;

[0038] 3 is a drill rod, 31 is a high-pressure water inlet channel, and 32 is a jet channel;

[0039] 4 is a jet rod, and 41 is a residue discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings Figures 1-6 The technical solutions of the present application are further explained as follows:

[0041] Example 1

[0042] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the present application discloses a hydraulic coal rock layer punching device, which comprises a drill rod 3 and a nozzle assembly. The drill rod 3 is arranged in the drill hole 1. The nozzle assembly comprises a nozzle 2 and a jet rod 4. The nozzle 2 is connected with the jet rod 4. The jet rod 4 is arranged in the drill rod 3 and connected with the drill rod 3. The nozzle 2 is in communication with the jet rod 4. The jet rod 4 is in communication with the drill rod 3. A residue discharge hole 23 is arranged on the nozzle 2 and in communication with the jet rod 4. A plurality of inclined jet holes 26 are arranged on the outside of the residue discharge hole 23 and in communication with the drill hole 1. That is, a plurality of inclined jet holes 26 are uniformly arranged on the outside of the nozzle 2, and a residue discharge hole 23 is arranged between the inclined jet holes 26. High-pressure water is injected between the drill rod 3 and the drill hole 1. The high-pressure water is sprayed to the rock layer through the inclined jet holes 26. The rock residue generated by the rock layer and the high-pressure water flow into the jet rod 4 through the residue discharge hole 23, then flow into the drill rod 3 through the jet rod 4, and finally flow out through the drill rod 3. The water injection between the drill hole 1 and the drill rod 3 and the residue discharge through the residue discharge hole 23 in the nozzle 2 replace the traditional residue discharge mode of water injection in the nozzle 2 and residue discharge between the drill rod 3 and the drill hole 1. The rock residue return water efficiency is greatly improved, and the rock residue is prevented from being retained in the drill hole, which affects the subsequent rock residue discharge.

[0043] It should be noted that the inclination angle of the inclined jet hole 26 in the present application is 30°-60°. In the embodiment of the present application, the inclination angle of the inclined jet hole 26 is 45°, that is, the included angle between the axial direction of the inclined jet hole 26 and the axial direction of the nozzle 2 is 45°.

[0044] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6As shown, the inclined jet hole 26 and the deslagging hole 23 are provided with a anti-blocking structure, the inclined jet hole 26 communicates with the anti-blocking structure, and the anti-blocking structure communicates with the drill hole 1. That is, the anti-blocking structure is arranged between the inclined jet hole 26 and the deslagging hole 23 to avoid that the large-diameter rock slag in the drill hole 1 blocks the inclined jet hole 26. When the anti-blocking structure is blocked by the large-diameter rock slag, the anti-blocking structure can automatically clean the rock slag, thereby avoiding the blockage of the inclined jet hole and ensuring the normal jetting of the high-pressure water.

[0045] Optionally, as shown in the drawings, Figure 6 The anti-blocking structure includes a dredging hole 27 axially arranged in the jet head 2, one side of the dredging hole 27 communicates with the inclined jet hole 26 through a horizontal hole, and the dredging hole 27 communicates with the drill hole 1, so that the high-pressure water in the drill hole 1 is sequentially jetted to the rock stratum through the dredging hole 27, the horizontal hole and the inclined jet hole 26; the dredging hole 27 is provided with an ejection spring 24, one end of the ejection spring 24 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the dredging hole 27, and the other end of the ejection spring 24 is connected with a ejecting rod 25, so that the ejection spring 24 drives the ejecting rod 25 to reset to unblock the slag group at the entrance of the dredging hole 27. That is, the inclined jet hole 26 extends to the inside of the jet head 2 and communicates with the horizontal hole, the horizontal hole communicates with the dredging hole 27, in the normal jetting operation, the high-pressure water compresses the ejecting rod 25 and the ejection spring 24 to the inside of the dredging hole 27, then the high-pressure water in the dredging hole 27 flows into the horizontal hole, and finally is jetted to the rock surface along the inclined jet hole 26. When the position of the outer edge of the dredging hole 27 is blocked by a small amount of large-diameter slag group, that is, the high-pressure water is supplied through the gap between the drill rod 3 and the drill hole 1, the residual coal slag on the inner wall of the hole blocks the entrance of the jet hole, so that the high-pressure water cannot enter the inside of the dredging hole, at this time, the ejection spring 24 in the dredging hole 27 drives the ejecting rod 25 to extend outward, the ejecting rod 25 unblocks the slag group at the position of the outer edge of the dredging hole 27, and then the high-pressure water can enter the inside of the dredging hole 27 to continue the high-pressure water jetting operation. After the slag group is cleaned, the spring at the bottom of the dredging hole structure is compressed under the action of the high-pressure water, so as to avoid affecting the smoothness of the high-pressure water in the jet hole. It should be noted that the end of the ejecting rod extends beyond the outer edge of the dredging hole when it extends.

[0046] Specifically, as shown in the drawings, Figure 4As shown, the nozzle 2 is provided with an unlocking structure, the spray rod 4 is provided with a residue discharge structure, and the unlocking structure cooperates with the residue discharge structure, so that when the unlocking structure drives the spray rod 4 to extend outwards from the drill rod 3 under the impact of high-pressure water, the residue discharge structure communicates with the drill hole 1. That is, when the amount of rock residue blocking the inner spray hole is large, and the ejector rod 25 in the dredging hole 27 cannot handle it, the function of the drilling machine driving the drill rod 3 to rotate clockwise is temporarily suspended, that is, the drill rod 3 stops rotating, the unlocking structure reverses under the action of high-pressure water, and simultaneously drives the nozzle 2 and the spray rod 4 to reverse, the spray rod 4 extends outwards relative to the drill rod 3 at this time, and the residue discharge structure on the spray rod 4 is exposed, the rock residue in the drill hole 1 enters the spray rod 4 through the residue discharge structure, then flows into the drill rod 3 through the spray rod 4, and finally is discharged out of the drill rod 3.

[0047] Specifically, the inclined spray hole 26, the horizontal hole and the dredging hole 27 constitute a high-pressure water jet channel as a whole. The inclined spray hole 26, the horizontal hole and the dredging hole 27 form an integrated high-pressure water jet channel with a anti-blocking function, greatly improving the stability of high-pressure water jet operation and avoiding interference of rock residue blocking the inclined spray hole.

[0048] Optionally, as shown in Figure 4 As shown, the unlocking mechanism includes a reversing fixed paddle 28, and a plurality of reversing fixed paddles 28 are uniformly arranged on the nozzle 2 on both sides of the spray rod 4, and the reversing fixed paddles 28 drive the nozzle 2 and the spray rod 4 to reverse under the impact of high-pressure water. That is, when there is a large amount of rock residue at the outer edge position of the dredging hole 27, which cannot be removed by the ejector rod 25, the drilling machine stops, and the drill rod 3 temporarily suspends clockwise rotation, at this time, the high-pressure water between the drill hole 1 and the drill rod 3 impacts the reversing fixed paddle 28, drives the reversing fixed paddle 28 to reverse, and the reversing fixed paddle 28 synchronously drives the nozzle 2 and the spray rod 4 to reverse as a whole, at this time, the spray rod 4 extends outwards relative to the drill rod 3, and the anti-blocking structure on the spray rod 4 is exposed, and then a large amount of rock residue at the outer edge position of the dredging hole 27 is sent into the spray rod 4 through the anti-blocking structure by high-pressure water, and then is transported into the drill rod 3, and is discharged outwards, completing the cleaning of the rock residue at the outer edge position of the dredging hole 27.

[0049] Optionally, as shown in Figure 4As shown, the spray rod 4 is threadedly connected with the drill rod 3; the residue discharging structure comprises a plurality of residue discharging ports 41 arranged uniformly along the axial direction of the spray rod 4, the residue discharging port 41 is a rectangular long strip-shaped residue discharging port 41 penetrating along the radial direction of the spray rod 4, and the side of the residue discharging port 41 close to the drill rod 3 is a 90° arc surface. That is, by threadedly connecting the spray rod 4 with the drill rod 3, the spray rod 4 can be rotated outward relative to the drill rod 3 under the reverse action of the reverse fixed paddle 28 while the main body of the drill rod 3 remains unchanged, when the spray rod 3 is extended, the residue discharging port 41 on the spray rod 3 is exposed, at this time, the residue discharging port 41 is in the drill hole 1, and then the rock residue at the position of the dredging hole 27 is driven by the high-pressure water to enter the spray rod 4 through the residue discharging port 41, and then enters the drill rod 3 through the spray rod 4 and is discharged outward. It should be noted that in order to quickly discharge a large amount of rock residue outside the dredging hole 27 into the spray rod 4, the opening form of the residue discharging port 41 is designed as a 90° arc surface, and the residue discharging port along the axial direction of the spray rod 4 is in a rectangular long strip shape, that is, the large-area arc opening design is used to facilitate the entry of large-particle-size rock residue into the spray rod.

[0050] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5 As shown, the inclined spray hole 26 is provided with a device cavity 21 outside the inclined spray hole 26, the device cavity 21 is in communication with the drill hole 1, and a sealing assembly in communication with the drill hole 1 is arranged in the device cavity 21, and one side of the sealing assembly close to the drill hole 1 penetrates out of the device cavity 21. That is, the device cavity 21 is also provided on the spray head 2 and located outside the inclined spray hole 26, the device cavity 21 is filled with a sealing assembly, and one end of the sealing assembly can extend out of the device cavity 21, after the high-pressure water enters the sealing assembly, the sealing assembly expands and expands outward to fill the gap between the spray head 2 and the drill hole 1, thereby reducing water leakage.

[0051] Optionally, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the equipment cavity 21 has a connecting hole on one side that communicates with the outside, and a mounting hole on the side of the equipment cavity 21 near the spray bar 4; the sealing assembly includes a rubber block 22, a protruding end 221 on one side of the rubber block 22, and a water inlet 222 communicating with the outside along the axial direction of the rubber block 22, and the water inlet 222 extends into the protruding end 221, and the cross-sectional shape of the water inlet 222 is L-shaped; the rubber block 22 passes through the mounting hole and is fixed in the equipment cavity 21, and the protruding end 221 extends outward from the connecting hole, the water inlet 222 and the mounting hole are on the same straight line, and the water inlet 222 communicates with the drill hole 1. In other words, an installation hole is provided on one side of the equipment cavity 21 so that the protruding end 221 on the rubber block 22 can extend outward. The rubber block 22 is fixed in the equipment cavity 21 by the anchoring pad and the anchoring bolt. After the high-pressure water between the drill hole 1 and the drill rod 3 is injected into the rubber block 22 through the water inlet hole 222, the rubber block 22 expands under the action of the high-pressure water, filling the gap between the nozzle 2 and the drill hole 1, thereby reducing the rock debris passing through the gap between the nozzle 2 and the drill hole 1 and improving the sealing between the nozzle 2 and the drill hole 1.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, a high-pressure water inlet channel 31 is arranged radially through the drill rod 3, and an injection channel 32 is arranged axially perpendicular to the high-pressure water inlet channel 31, penetrating the high-pressure water inlet channel 31. The injection channel 32 is connected to the high-pressure water inlet channel 31, and the injection channel 32 and the high-pressure water inlet channel 31 are generally cross-shaped. Both ends of the injection channel 32 are connected to the interior of the drill rod 3. That is to say, a cross-shaped injection structure is also provided inside the drill rod 3. High-pressure water is introduced into both sides of the high-pressure water inlet channel 31 inside the drill rod 3, and the high-pressure water introduced into the high-pressure water inlet channel 31 is injected into the injection channel 32. The rock cuttings can be secondary crushed by being sprayed outward from both ends of the injection channel 32.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This invention also discloses a working method for a hydraulic coal and rock strata punching device, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1. High-Pressure Water Jetting: First, high-pressure water is injected between drill rod 3 and borehole 1. The high-pressure water is then injected obliquely into the coal and rock strata through the anti-clogging structure and the inclined nozzle 26. The rock debris generated by the high-pressure water jetting onto the coal and rock strata flows back into the nozzle 4 through the slag discharge hole 23, and then into the drill rod 3 through the nozzle 4, before being discharged from the borehole. In other words, by injecting high-pressure water into the nozzle between borehole 1 and drill rod 3, the inclined nozzle 26 injects the rock strata obliquely. During the jetting process, the broken rock debris flows into the slag discharge hole and into the drill rod 3 under the influence of the high-pressure water. This changes the traditional operation method of injecting high-pressure water into the drill rod and having rock debris flow back from both sides of the nozzle, achieving efficient and stable slag discharge.

[0056] S2. Nozzle outer edge sealing: While high-pressure water is being sprayed, high-pressure water in the drill rod 3 and the borehole 1 is injected into the sealing component on the outside of the nozzle. The sealing component expands under the action of high-pressure water, filling the gap between the nozzle 2 and the borehole 1. That is, a high-strength rubber block 22 is installed in the equipment cavity 21. High-pressure water enters the rubber block 22 through the water inlet hole 222 on the rubber block 22. The rubber block 22 expands under the action of high-pressure water, and the protruding end 221 of the rubber block 22 expands outward, filling the gap between the nozzle 2 and the borehole 1, reducing water leakage between the nozzle 2 and the borehole 1, and preventing rock debris generated on the rock breaking surface from flowing into the gap between the borehole 1 and the drill rod 3 through the gap between the nozzle 2 and the borehole 1, thus preventing blockage of the outer edge of the unblocking hole 27.

[0057] S3. Cleaning of rock debris from the anti-clogging structure: When rock debris blocks the outer edge of the unblocking hole 27 in the anti-clogging structure, the ejector spring 24 in the anti-clogging structure drives the push rod 25 to extend outward and reset. At this time, the push rod 25 pushes open the rock debris on the outer edge of the unblocking hole 27, exposing the unblocking hole 27. Under the impact of high-pressure water, the ejector spring 24 is compressed back into the unblocking hole 27, and the high-pressure water flows back into the inclined nozzle 26 through the unblocking hole 27 to continue the high-pressure water jetting operation. In other words, the high-pressure water is transported through the gap between the drill rod 3 and the borehole 1. Rock debris remaining on the inner wall of the hole will block the outer edge of the unblocking port 27. When the unblocking port 27 is blocked, high-pressure water cannot enter the unblocking port 27. The ejector spring 24 inside the unblocking port 27 will extend and reset the ejector rod 25. At this time, the ejector rod 25 will push open the rock debris at the outer edge of the unblocking port 27, and the high-pressure water can enter the unblocking port 27 to continue the high-pressure water jetting operation. After the rock debris is cleaned, the ejector spring at the bottom of the unblocking port is compressed by the high-pressure water under the action of the high-pressure water to avoid affecting the smooth flow of high-pressure water in the inclined spray hole.

[0058] S4. Slag Removal Structure: When the anti-blocking structure fails to remove slag from the outer edge of the unblocking hole, the drilling rig pauses, and the drill rod stops rotating clockwise. At this time, the unlocking structure, under the impact of high-pressure water, drives the nozzle 2 and the spray rod 4 to rotate as a whole. The spray rod 4 rotates outward relative to the drill rod 3, exposing the slag removal port 41 in the slag removal structure. At this time, the rock debris in the borehole 1 flows into the slag removal port 41 under the action of high-pressure water. The rock debris backflow water enters the spray rod 4 through the slag removal port 41, and then flows into the drill rod 3, exiting the hole. That is to say, when the spring 24 in the unblocking hole 27 pushes out the push rod 25 but still cannot remove a large amount of slag from the outer edge of the unblocking hole 27, the function of the drilling rig driving the drill rod 3 to rotate clockwise is paused, that is, the drill rod 3 stops rotating. The reverse fixed paddle 28 reverses under the action of high-pressure water, exposing the rectangular elongated opening on the spray rod 4. The rock debris in the borehole 1 enters the drill rod 3 through the large area of ​​the rectangular elongated opening, is crushed by the secondary crushing spray nozzle, and is discharged outside the drill rod 3.

[0059] S5. Drilling Rig Start-up: When the slag discharge port 41 in the slag discharge structure is fully exposed, the drainage volume inside the drill rod 3 reaches its peak value. When the drainage volume inside the drill rod 3 reaches its peak value, the drilling rig starts. The drilling rig drives the drill rod 3 to rotate clockwise at a low speed to counteract the reverse force brought by the reverse rotation of the unlocking structure. When the high-pressure water flows into the inclined nozzle 26 through the dredging hole 27 and begins to spray onto the coal and rock strata, the drilling rig drives the drill rod 3 to rotate clockwise at a high speed, so that the main body of the nozzle 3 is fully connected to the drill rod 3, restoring the initial state and continuing the high-pressure water spraying operation. In other words, the larger the area of ​​the rectangular elongated opening exposed, the greater the drainage volume inside the drill rod 3. Based on the existing device system, the flow meter is set to monitor the water volume at the outlet, which can determine the area of ​​the rectangular elongated opening exposed. When the drainage volume increases significantly, it can be determined that the area of ​​the rectangular elongated opening exposed is increasing. When the water flow reaches its peak, the drilling rig drives the drill rod 3 to rotate, which counteracts the reverse force of the nozzle brought by the reverse fixed paddle 28. When the slag discharge decreases or disappears, it is considered that the rock slag at the outer edge of the blockage and unblocking hole in the borehole 1 has been completely removed. At this time, the drilling rig can rotate rapidly, so that the nozzle 4 is completely connected to the drill rod 3. As the nozzle 4 enters the drill rod 3, the exposed area of ​​the slag discharge port 41 gradually decreases until the drill rod 3 and the nozzle 4 return to their initial connection state. At this point, the slag discharge port 41 is completely inside the drill rod.

[0060] S6. Secondary crushing of rock debris: When the rock debris returns water through the drill rod 3, high-pressure water is introduced into both sides of the high-pressure water inlet channel 31 inside the drill rod 3. The high-pressure water flows into the jet channel 32 through the high-pressure water inlet channel 31 and is sprayed out through the nozzles on both sides of the jet channel 32 to complete the secondary crushing of the rock debris.

[0061] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic coal seam perforating device, comprising a drill pipe and a nozzle assembly, the nozzle assembly comprising a nozzle and a nozzle rod, the nozzle being connected with the nozzle rod, the nozzle rod being arranged in the drill pipe, the nozzle rod being connected with the drill pipe, characterized in that, The nozzle is connected to the spray rod, and the spray rod is connected to the drill rod. The nozzle has a slag discharge hole, which is connected to the spray rod. Several inclined spray holes connected to the drill hole are located outside the slag discharge hole. An anti-clogging structure is provided between the inclined spray holes and the slag discharge hole. The inclined spray holes are connected to the anti-clogging structure, and the anti-clogging structure is connected to the drill hole. The nozzle has an unlocking structure, and the spray rod has a slag discharge structure. The unlocking structure cooperates with the slag discharge structure so that when the unlocking structure, under the force of high-pressure water, drives the spray rod to extend outward from inside the drill rod, the slag discharge structure communicates with the drill hole. The anti-clogging structure includes a clearing hole opened along the axial direction of the nozzle. One side of the clearing hole is connected to the inclined nozzle through a horizontal hole. The clearing hole is also connected to the borehole, so that high-pressure water in the borehole can be sprayed sequentially through the clearing hole, the horizontal hole, and the inclined nozzle into the rock strata. A push-out spring is installed in the clearing hole. One end of the push-out spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the clearing hole, and the other end of the push-out spring is connected to a push rod, so that the push-out spring can drive the push rod to reset and push away the slag clump at the entrance of the clearing hole. The inclined nozzle, the horizontal hole, and the unblocking hole together form a high-pressure water jet channel; The unlocking structure includes a reversing fixed paddle. Several reversing fixed paddles are evenly arranged on the nozzle and on both sides of the spray bar. The reversing fixed paddles drive the nozzle and the spray bar to reverse under the force of high-pressure water. The slag discharge structure includes several slag discharge ports evenly arranged along the axial direction of the spray bar. An equipment cavity communicating with the drill hole is provided on the outer side of the inclined nozzle. A sealing component communicating with the drill hole is provided in the equipment cavity. The sealing component extends outward from the equipment cavity on the side near the drill hole. A high-pressure water inlet channel is provided radially through the drill rod, and a jetting channel is provided axially perpendicular to the high-pressure water inlet channel. The jetting channel is connected to the high-pressure water inlet channel, and the jetting channel and the high-pressure water inlet channel are in a cross shape. Both ends of the jetting channel are connected to the inside of the drill rod.

2. The hydrodynamic coal seam perforating device according to claim 1, characterized in that The spray bar is threadedly connected to the drill rod; the slag discharge port is a rectangular strip-shaped slag discharge port that runs radially through the spray bar, and the side of the slag discharge port near the drill rod has a 90° arc surface.

3. The hydrodynamic coal seam perforating device according to claim 1, characterized in that The equipment cavity has a connecting hole on one side that communicates with the outside, and a mounting hole on the side of the equipment cavity near the spray bar; the sealing assembly includes a rubber block, a protruding end on one side of the rubber block, and a water inlet hole that communicates with the outside along the axial direction of the rubber block, and the water inlet hole extends into the protruding end; the rubber block passes through the mounting hole and is fixed in the equipment cavity, and the protruding end extends outward from the connecting hole, the water inlet hole and the mounting hole are on the same straight line, and the water inlet hole communicates with the drill hole.

4. The hydrodynamic coal strata perforating device of claim 3, wherein, The cross-sectional shape of the water inlet is L-shaped.

5. The method of operating a hydrodynamic coal seam perforating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, Includes the following steps: S1, high-pressure water jet: first, high-pressure water is injected between the drill pipe and the borehole, the high-pressure water is sequentially jetted to the coal rock layer through the anti-blocking structure and the inclined jet hole, the rock slag return water generated by the high-pressure water jet on the coal rock layer enters the jet rod through the slag discharge hole, and then enters the drill pipe through the jet rod, and is discharged from the hole; S2, outer edge sealing of the nozzle: while the high-pressure water is jetted, the high-pressure water in the drill pipe and the borehole is injected into the sealing assembly outside the nozzle, and the sealing assembly expands under the action of the high-pressure water to fill the gap between the nozzle and the borehole; S3, anti-blocking structure slag removal: when the rock slag blocks the outer edge of the dredging hole in the anti-blocking structure, the ejector spring in the anti-blocking structure drives the ejector rod to extend outward and reset, at this time the ejector rod pushes the rock slag away from the outer edge of the dredging hole, at this time the dredging hole is exposed, and the ejector spring is compressed again into the dredging hole under the impact of the high-pressure water, the high-pressure water flows into the inclined jet hole again through the dredging hole, and the high-pressure water jetting operation continues; S4, slag discharge structure slag discharge: when the anti-blocking structure cannot remove the slag from the outer edge of the dredging hole, the drilling machine is paused and the drill pipe stops rotating clockwise, at this time the unlocking structure drives the nozzle and the jet rod to rotate as a whole under the impact of the high-pressure water, the jet rod rotates outward relative to the drill pipe and exposes the slag discharge port in the slag discharge structure, at this time the rock slag in the borehole flows into the slag discharge port under the action of the high-pressure water, the rock slag return water enters the jet rod through the slag discharge port, and then flows into the drill pipe, and is discharged from the hole; S5, start of the drilling machine: when the slag discharge port in the slag discharge structure is exposed, the water discharge amount in the drill pipe reaches a peak value, by monitoring the water discharge amount in the drill pipe reaching the peak value, the drilling machine is started, the drilling machine drives the drill pipe to rotate clockwise at a low speed, which offsets the reverse force caused by the reverse rotation of the unlocking structure, when the high-pressure water flows into the inclined jet hole through the dredging hole to start jetting to the coal rock layer, the drilling machine drives the drill pipe to rotate clockwise at a high speed, which makes the jet rod body completely connected with the drill pipe, restores the initial state, and continues the high-pressure water jetting operation; S6, secondary crushing of rock slag: when the rock slag return water passes through the drill pipe, high-pressure water is respectively introduced into the high-pressure water inlet channel on both sides of the drill pipe, the high-pressure water flows into the jet channel through the high-pressure water inlet channel, and is jetted outward through the jet ports on both sides of the jet channel, thereby completing the secondary crushing of the rock slag.

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