A high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system and its control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system and its control method. The control system is connected to the first chamber and the second chamber of the crushing cylinder. The first chamber is connected to a high-pressure pump source through a high-pressure pipeline, and the first chamber is connected to a low-pressure large-flow control module through a first pipeline. The low-pressure large-flow control module is connected to a low-pressure pump source, and the low-pressure large-flow control module is connected to the second chamber through a second pipeline. A hydraulic lock is arranged between the first pipeline and the second pipeline. The high-pressure pipeline is connected to a high-pressure pressure detection unit, the first pipeline is connected to a first pressure detection unit, and the second pipeline is connected to a flowmeter. The controller controls the low-pressure large-flow control module and the high-pressure pump source according to the feedback signal, and switches between high pressure and low pressure during the rapid expansion and contraction of the crushing cylinder and the high-pressure crushing process. The present invention occupies a small space, can not only improve the crushing efficiency, reduce the cylinder specification, but also improve the service life of the pipeline and reduce the equipment failure rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-frequency crushing hydraulic systems, and particularly to a high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Hydraulic crushers are widely used in fields such as mines, highways, railways, and water conservancy. They are crushing machines used for coarse crushing or medium crushing of various hardness materials. For example, in slurry shield tunneling, the crusher in the air cushion chamber needs to crush and stir the stones and muck excavated by the cutterhead, filter them through a grille, and then suck them out by a slurry pump and discharge them into the slurry pipe. The existing control systems and control methods of the crusher include the hydraulic control system and control method of the oil cylinder crusher device disclosed in the Chinese patent application with an application publication date of September 10, 2021 and an application publication number of CN 113374749 A.

[0003] Since the crushing speed of the crusher directly affects the construction progress, and for the crusher in slurry shield, the crushing speed directly affects the tunneling speed and the degree of stagnant discharge in the air cushion chamber. The technical solution of the above patent application has a low crushing frequency and a high risk of damage to the pipelines in the chamber, which limits the construction progress. Especially with the increase of the slurry shield tunneling speed or the excavation diameter, the requirement for the crushing speed of the crusher also increases.

[0004] Although the Chinese patent application with a patent publication date of July 10, 2020 and a patent publication number of CN111396408A discloses a slurry shield crusher stroke control device and method, the technical solution for increasing the crushing frequency is to increase the pump source flow rate. However, when the pump source flow rate increases, technical problems such as the connecting oil cylinder pipeline being subjected to high-pressure and large-flow impact and the return oil pipeline of the control valve group being sucked flat will occur. Therefore, it is impossible to continue to increase the crushing frequency. Especially for crushing equipment with limited environmental space, it is impossible to increase the pipeline diameter and the number of pipelines, so it is difficult to meet the pumping requirements of high flow rate and high pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to design a crusher hydraulic control method and control system with small occupied space, high frequency, and reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies in the above background art, the present invention proposes a high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system and a control method thereof, which solve the technical problem that the existing crusher control methods and control systems cannot continue to increase the crushing frequency in an environment with limited space.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0007] A high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system is connected to the first chamber and the second chamber of a crushing cylinder. The first chamber is connected to a high-pressure pump source through a high-pressure pipeline. The first chamber is connected to a low-pressure large-flow control module through a first pipeline. The low-pressure large-flow control module is connected to a low-pressure pump source. The low-pressure large-flow control module is connected to the second chamber through a second pipeline. A hydraulic lock is arranged between the first pipeline and the second pipeline to realize the isolation of high and low pressures at the cylinder. The high-pressure pipeline is connected to a high-pressure pressure detection unit. The first pipeline is connected to a first pressure detection unit. The second pipeline is connected to a flowmeter for detecting the stroke of the crushing cylinder. The controller controls the low-pressure large-flow control module and the high-pressure pump source according to the feedback signals of the low-pressure pump source, the flowmeter, and the high-pressure pressure detection unit. The controller controls according to the detection results of the first pressure detection unit, the flowmeter, and the high-pressure pressure detection unit. When the crushing cylinder needs to quickly extend and retract and no crushing action is performed, the controller controls the low-pressure pump source and the low-pressure large-flow control module to start. When the crushing cylinder needs to perform a crushing operation, the controller controls the high-pressure pump source to start, which can realize the rapid switching between high pressure and low-pressure large flow, so that the crushing cylinder can not only quickly extend and retract, but also efficiently crush.

[0008] Further, the high-pressure pipeline is connected to the first chamber through a hydraulic amplifier, and the high-pressure pressure detection unit is arranged between the hydraulic amplifier and the first chamber. When the high-pressure control system does not adopt a hydraulic amplifier, a high-pressure pump is used for oil supply. If a high-pressure pump is directly used for oil supply, the entire high-pressure system needs to adopt high-pressure pipelines from the pump outlet to the cylinder. Compared with the system adopting a hydraulic amplifier, its cost is higher, and the pipeline passes through the construction area, and the safety risk caused by pipeline leakage is higher. Therefore, adopting a hydraulic amplifier can not only reduce the burden on the high-pressure pump source, but also adopt different pipelines, reducing the cost and construction risk.

[0009] Further, a second pressure detection unit is arranged on the second pipeline. The second pressure detection unit can cooperate with the first pressure detection unit to simultaneously detect the pressures in the two chambers of the crushing cylinder during the rapid extension and retraction of the crushing cylinder. The three pressure detection units work together to provide signals for the continuous movement of the crushing cylinder.

[0010] Further, the first chamber is a rodless chamber, and the second chamber is a rod chamber. Then the high-pressure pump source acts on the rodless chamber of the crushing cylinder. The pressure detected by the first pressure detection unit is the pressure in the rodless chamber during the rapid extension of the crushing cylinder. The pressure detected by the high-pressure pressure detection unit is the pressure in the rodless chamber during the crushing action of the crushing cylinder. The pressure detected by the second pressure detection unit is the pressure in the rod chamber during the rapid retraction of the crushing cylinder. The crushing cylinder performs a crushing action during the rapid extension process.

[0011] Furthermore, the high-pressure pump source is a small-displacement fixed pump, which provides a pressure source for the high-pressure control module.

[0012] Furthermore, the large-flow pump source is a low-pressure large-displacement variable pump, which provides large-flow pressure oil for the low-pressure large-flow control module.

[0013] Furthermore, the first pressure detection unit is arranged on the first pipeline between the hydraulic lock and the low-pressure large-flow control module. Since the hydraulic lock is arranged between the first chamber and the first pressure detection unit, the pressure during the crushing process of the crushing cylinder is isolated by the hydraulic lock, so that it can be ensured that the pressure detected by the first pressure detection unit is only the pressure during the rapid expansion and contraction of the crushing cylinder, and only the pressure detection result of the first pressure detection unit during the rapid expansion and contraction of the crushing cylinder needs to be received.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydraulic lock is installed on the cylinder, so that high-pressure oil only exists in the high-pressure pipeline and the first chamber of the crushing cylinder. Both the first pipeline and the second pipeline can use ordinary pipelines, which not only reduces the leakage risk but also reduces the system cost.

[0015] A high-frequency crushing hydraulic control method uses the high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system of any one of the above, and realizes the switching of the high and low pressure actions of the crushing cylinder through the combined control of pressure detection and stroke detection, and respectively controls the low-pressure rapid action and the high-pressure crushing action. When the stroke detection result of the flow meter is lower than the set value and the pressure detection result of the first pressure detection unit reaches the set value, the high-pressure pump source is controlled to start; when the pressure detection result of the high-pressure pressure detection unit reaches the set value, the signal of the original high and low pressure actions is stopped, and the reverse action of the crushing cylinder is switched. When the crushing cylinder performs the reverse action, the low-pressure pump source and the low-pressure large-flow control module are controlled to start and the high-pressure pump source or the hydraulic amplifier is closed.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can increase the crushing frequency and improve the crushing efficiency. Especially for the application scenario of crushers with limited space, such as in the air cushion chamber of a slurry shield, while improving the crushing efficiency, it can also reduce the risk of stagnant discharge in the chamber; at the same time, it avoids the technical means of increasing the oil supply flow rate such as increasing the pipeline diameter, increasing the number of pipelines and the number of oil pumps, and adopts the inventive concept of low-pressure rapid action and high-pressure rapid switching crushing, separating the control of high pressure and low pressure from the cylinder and controlling them as two independent systems, avoiding technical problems such as the connecting cylinder pipeline being impacted by high pressure and large flow and the oil return pipeline of the control valve group being flattened. The present invention occupies a small space, can not only improve the crushing efficiency, reduce the cylinder specification, but also improve the service life of the pipeline, reduce the number of times of entering the chamber, reduce the equipment failure rate, and ensure the tunneling time. The present invention is not only applicable to the air cushion chamber of slurry shields, but also applicable to various hydraulic crushing equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 is the control schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Reference numerals in the figure:

[0020] Breaking oil cylinder 1; hydraulic lock 2; flowmeter 3; large flow control module 4; hydraulic amplifier 5; low-pressure pump source 6; high-pressure pump source 7; first pressure detection unit 8; second pressure detection unit 9; high-pressure pressure detection unit 10. Specific embodiments

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] A high-frequency breaking hydraulic control system, as Figure 1 shown, is connected to the first chamber and the second chamber of the breaking oil cylinder 1. The first chamber is connected to a high-pressure pump source 7 through a high-pressure pipeline. During the breaking process of the breaking oil cylinder 1, the high-pressure pump source 7 pumps high-pressure oil with a small flow rate into the first chamber through the high-pressure pipeline.

[0023] The first chamber is connected to a low-pressure large flow control module 4 through a first pipeline. The low-pressure large flow control module 4 is connected to a low-pressure pump source 6, and the low-pressure large flow control module 4 is connected to the second chamber through a second pipeline. During the rapid telescopic process of the breaking oil cylinder 1, the low-pressure pump source 6 and the low-pressure large flow control module 4 pump high-pressure oil with a large flow rate into the first chamber and the second chamber through the first pipeline and the second pipeline respectively.

[0024] A hydraulic lock 2 is arranged between the first pipeline and the second pipeline to realize the isolation of high and low pressures at the oil cylinder and prevent the high-pressure oil in the first chamber from affecting the first pipeline and the second pipeline. Since the pressure in the first chamber is very high during the breaking process of the breaking oil cylinder 1, if the first pipeline and the second pipeline are directly connected to the first chamber, the low-pressure control part during the rapid telescopic process of driving the breaking oil cylinder 1 also needs to be set with high-pressure resistance. After using the hydraulic lock 2, the high-pressure part and the low-pressure part can be isolated, and there is no need to worry about the above problems at all.

[0025] The high-pressure pipeline is connected with a high-pressure pressure detection unit 10 for detecting the pressure in the first chamber during the crushing process of the crushing cylinder 1; the first pipeline is connected with a first pressure detection unit 8 for detecting the pressure in the first chamber during the rapid telescopic process of the crushing cylinder 1; the second pipeline is connected with a flowmeter 3 for detecting the stroke of the crushing cylinder 1, for detecting the telescopic stroke during the rapid telescopic process of the crushing cylinder 1; the low-pressure pump source 6, the low-pressure large-flow control module 4, the first pressure detection unit 8, the high-pressure pump source 7, the flowmeter 3, and the high-pressure pressure detection unit 10 are all connected to the controller. The controller controls according to the detection results of the first pressure detection unit 8, the flowmeter 3, and the high-pressure pressure detection unit 10. When the crushing cylinder 1 needs to rapidly expand and contract without performing a crushing action, the controller controls the low-pressure pump source 6 and the low-pressure large-flow control module 4 to start. When the crushing cylinder 1 needs to perform a crushing operation, the controller controls the high-pressure pump source 7 to start, which can realize the rapid switching between high pressure and low-pressure large flow, enabling the crushing cylinder 1 to both rapidly expand and contract and efficiently crush.

[0026] Specifically: The pressure detected by the high-pressure pressure detection unit 10 is the pressure during the crushing process. After this pressure reaches the preset value, the high-pressure pressure detection unit 10 provides a corresponding signal to the controller, so that the controller controls the low-pressure large-flow control module 4 and the low-pressure pump source 6 to start, and then the crushing cylinder 1 ends the crushing process and enters the next rapid telescopic process; after the pressure detected by the first pressure detection unit 8 reaches the preset value and the stroke detected by the flowmeter 3 reaches the set value, the first pressure detection unit 8 and the flowmeter 3 simultaneously provide corresponding signals to the controller, so that the controller controls the high-pressure pump source 7, and then the crushing cylinder 1 ends the rapid process and enters the next crushing process.

[0027] As a preferred implementation manner, the high-pressure pipeline is connected to the first chamber through a hydraulic amplifier 5, and the high-pressure pressure detection unit 10 is arranged between the hydraulic amplifier 5 and the first chamber. The hydraulic amplifier 5 can amplify the low-pressure oil pumped out by the high-pressure pump source 7 to high pressure and supply it to the crushing cylinder 1 for high-pressure crushing. When the high-pressure control system does not adopt the hydraulic amplifier 5, a high-pressure pump is used for oil supply. If a high-pressure pump is directly used for oil supply, the entire high-pressure system requires high-pressure pipelines from the pump outlet to the cylinder. Compared with the system using a hydraulic amplifier, its cost is higher, and the pipeline passes through the construction area, resulting in a higher safety risk of pipeline leakage. Therefore, adopting the hydraulic amplifier 5 can not only reduce the burden on the high-pressure pump source but also enable the use of different pipelines, reducing costs and construction risks.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, a second pressure detection unit 9 is provided on the second pipeline. The second pressure detection unit 9 can cooperate with the first pressure detection unit 8 to detect the pressures in the two chambers of the crushing cylinder 1 simultaneously during the rapid expansion and contraction of the crushing cylinder 1. The three pressure detection units act together to provide signals for the continuous operation of the crushing cylinder.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, the first chamber is the rodless chamber and the second chamber is the rod chamber. Then, the high-pressure pump source 6 acts on the rodless chamber of the crushing cylinder 1. The pressure detected by the first pressure detection unit 8 is the pressure in the rodless chamber during the rapid extension of the crushing cylinder 1. The pressure detected by the high-pressure pressure detection unit 10 is the pressure in the rodless chamber during the crushing operation of the crushing cylinder 1. The pressure detected by the second pressure detection unit 9 is the pressure in the rod chamber during the rapid retraction of the crushing cylinder 1. The crushing cylinder 1 performs a crushing operation during the rapid extension process.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, the high-pressure pump source 7 is a small-displacement fixed-displacement pump, which provides a pressure source for the high-pressure control module.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the large-flow pump source 6 is a low-pressure large-displacement variable pump, which provides large-flow pressure oil for the low-pressure large-flow control module.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, the first pressure detection unit 8 is provided on the first pipeline between the hydraulic lock 2 and the low-pressure large-flow control module 4. Since the hydraulic lock 2 is provided between the first chamber and the first pressure detection unit 8, the pressure during the crushing process of the crushing cylinder 1 is isolated by the hydraulic lock 1. Then, it can be ensured that the pressure detected by the first pressure detection unit 8 is only the pressure during the rapid expansion and contraction of the crushing cylinder 1. Only the pressure detection result of the first pressure detection unit 8 during the rapid expansion and contraction of the crushing cylinder 1 needs to be received.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic lock 2 is installed on the cylinder, so that high-pressure oil only exists in the high-pressure pipeline and the first chamber of the crushing cylinder 1. Both the first pipeline and the second pipeline can use ordinary pipelines, which not only reduces the leakage risk but also reduces the system cost.

[0034] A high-frequency crushing hydraulic control method uses the high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system of any one of the above. Through the combined control of pressure detection and stroke detection, it realizes the switching of the high and low pressure actions of the crushing cylinder 1, and separately controls the low-pressure fast action and the high-pressure crushing action. When the stroke detection result of the flow meter 3 is lower than the set value and the pressure detection result of the first pressure detection unit 8 reaches the set value, the high-pressure pump source 7 is controlled to start; when the pressure detection result of the high-pressure pressure detection unit 10 reaches the set value, the signal for the original high and low pressure actions stops, and it switches to the reverse action of the crushing cylinder 1. When the crushing cylinder 1 performs the reverse action, the low-pressure pump source 6 and the low-pressure large-flow control module 4 are controlled to start and the high-pressure pump source 7 or the high-pressure control module is closed.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can increase the crushing frequency and improve the crushing efficiency. Especially for the application scenario of crushers with limited space, such as in the air cushion bin of a slurry shield, while improving the crushing efficiency, it can also reduce the risk of stagnant discharge in the bin; at the same time, it avoids the technical means of increasing the oil supply flow rate such as increasing the pipeline diameter, increasing the number of pipelines, and increasing the number of oil pumps. Instead, it adopts the inventive concept of low-pressure fast action and high-pressure fast switching crushing, separately controlling high pressure and low pressure from the cylinder as two independent systems, avoiding technical problems such as the connecting cylinder pipeline being subjected to high-pressure large-flow impact and the oil return pipeline of the control valve group being sucked flat. The present invention occupies a small space, can not only improve the crushing efficiency, reduce the cylinder specification, but also increase the service life of the pipeline, reduce the number of times of entering the bin, reduce the equipment failure rate, and ensure the tunneling time.

[0036] The details not elaborated in the present invention are all well-known conventional technical means in the art.

[0037] The above content shows and describes the basic principles, main features and the beneficial effects of the present invention. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system, connected to the first chamber and the second chamber of a crushing oil cylinder (1), characterized in that: The first chamber is connected to a high-pressure pump source (7) through a high-pressure pipeline. The first chamber is connected to a low-pressure large-flow control module (4) through a first pipeline. The low-pressure large-flow control module (4) is connected to a low-pressure pump source (6). The low-pressure large-flow control module (4) is connected to the second chamber through a second pipeline. A hydraulic lock (2) is provided between the first pipeline and the second pipeline. The high-pressure pipeline is connected to a high-pressure pressure detection unit (10). The first pipeline is connected to a first pressure detection unit (8). The second pipeline is connected to a flowmeter (3) for detecting the stroke of the crushing cylinder (1). The controller controls the low-pressure large-flow control module (4) and the high-pressure pump source (7) according to the feedback signals of the low-pressure pump source (6), the flowmeter (3), and the high-pressure pressure detection unit (10). The high-pressure pipeline is connected to the first chamber through a hydraulic amplifier (5). The high-pressure pressure detection unit (10) is provided between the hydraulic amplifier (5) and the first chamber. A second pressure detection unit (9) is provided on the second pipeline. The first pressure detection unit (8) is provided on the first pipeline between the hydraulic lock (2) and the low-pressure large-flow control module (4).

2. The high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first chamber is a rodless chamber, and the second chamber is a rod chamber.

3. The high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The high-pressure pump source (7) is a small-displacement fixed-displacement pump.

4. The high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The low-pressure pump source (6) is a low-pressure large-displacement variable pump.

5. The high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic lock (2) is installed on the oil cylinder.

6. A high-frequency crushing hydraulic control method, characterized in that: Using the high-frequency crushing hydraulic control system according to any one of claims 1-5, through the combined control of pressure detection and stroke detection, the switching of the high and low pressure actions of the crushing cylinder (1) is realized, and the low-pressure fast action and the high-pressure crushing action are respectively controlled. When the stroke detection result of the flowmeter (3) is lower than the set value and the pressure detection result of the first pressure detection unit (8) reaches the set value, the high-pressure pump source (7) is controlled to start; when the pressure detection result of the high-pressure pressure detection unit (10) reaches the set value, the signal of the original high and low pressure actions stops, and the reverse action of the crushing cylinder (1) is switched. When the crushing cylinder (1) performs a reverse action, the low-pressure pump source (6) and the low-pressure large-flow control module (4) are controlled to start and the high-pressure pump source (7) or the hydraulic amplifier is closed.

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