Self-balancing cooling water system and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a self-balancing cooling water system and a control method thereof, which comprises cooling towers, uniform distribution and water distribution devices, water pipes and accessories; water distribution grooves are arranged on the top of the cooling towers, and flow uniformizing water tanks are arranged at the two water distribution grooves; a water inlet branch pipe is arranged on a water inlet main pipe, and the water inlet branch pipe is connected with the bottom of the flow uniformizing water tank through a plurality of branch pipes; a first flow uniformizing plate is arranged in the flow uniformizing water tank, an electric overflow port is arranged on the side wall of the flow uniformizing water tank, the electric overflow port is located above the side of the flow uniformizing water tank, and the flow uniformizing water tank is communicated with the water distribution groove through the electric overflow port; a second flow uniformizing plate and a plurality of water distribution pipes are arranged in the water distribution groove, the upper end of the water distribution pipe is located above the second flow uniformizing plate, the lower end of the water distribution pipe penetrates through the second flow uniformizing plate and is communicated with the cooling tower; and the upper end of the water distribution pipe is provided with inverted conical openings on both sides. The scheme guarantees that the opened cooling tower automatically realizes the hydraulic balance and the uniform water distribution function through a plurality of measures, and simultaneously meets various energy-saving control requirements.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automatic control and energy efficiency improvement of water-cooled central air conditioning water systems, and particularly relates to a self-balancing cooling water system and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The main equipment of the water-cooled central air conditioning water system includes a cooling tower, a cooling water pump, a cold water unit, a chilled water pump, and related equipment such as an air conditioning terminal. The function of the cooling tower is to discharge the heat dissipation of the condenser of the cold water unit to the outdoor atmosphere. The dynamic balance ability, uniform water distribution ability, and heat dissipation ability of the cooling tower not only affect the energy consumption of the cooling tower itself, but also affect the operation energy consumption of the cooling water pump and the cold water unit, and in severe cases, even affect the normal work of the cold water unit and reduce the cooling capacity of the cold water unit. According to the actual project site investigation, the cooling towers of most existing public buildings are connected in parallel, and there are serious problems such as water force imbalance of the water supply branch pipe, uneven water distribution of the cooling tower water distribution tank, and poor cooling effect of the cooling tower. The above problems are more prominent under variable flow conditions, which seriously affects the efficient operation of the air conditioning system.

[0003] With the increasing popularity of the concept of energy saving and emission reduction and the national "double carbon" strategy, cooling tower equipment manufacturers have continuously optimized and upgraded the process and technology of the cooling tower. New cooling towers have made great progress in dynamic water force balance, uniform water distribution, and group control. However, the existing new technology is to install an electric flow regulating valve on the cooling water branch pipe before entering the water distribution tank. This balancing valve requires a pressure or flow sensor, an actuator, and a controller, which has the problems of complex control system, high requirement for flow control precision of hardware equipment, high cost, large amount of maintenance work, and high maintenance cost.

[0004] In the traditional cooling water system, the cooling water inlet branch pipe is installed at the top of the cooling tower, and a manual butterfly valve is arranged on each inlet branch pipe for water force balance adjustment. It is very difficult to achieve absolute water force balance through manual adjustment of the valve. When the cooling water system operates under variable flow conditions, the inlet branch pipe has different degrees of non-full pipe flow due to changes in water quantity. This phenomenon deviates from the basic principle of fluid mechanics full pipe flow, and the resistance characteristics deviate from the original balance relationship, resulting in water force imbalance.

[0005] Therefore, it has high practical value to invent a cooling tower with simple structure, precise control, low initial investment, less maintenance workload, low maintenance cost, and meeting various energy-saving control logic. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application is to solve the problems of the prior art, and aims to provide a self-balancing cooling water system and a control method thereof. By fully utilizing the basic principle of fluid statics and through multiple measures, the opened cooling tower can automatically achieve water force balance and uniform water distribution in the water distribution tank.

[0007] The present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0008] A self-balancing cooling water system comprises several cooling towers, uniform distribution and water distribution devices, water pipes and accessories.

[0009] Both sides of the top of the cooling tower are provided with water distribution channels, and both of the water distribution channels are provided with flow uniformizing water tanks; the water inlet main pipe is provided with a water inlet branch pipe, and the water inlet branch pipe is connected with the bottom of the flow uniformizing water tank through a plurality of branch pipes;

[0010] A first flow uniformizing plate is arranged in the flow uniformizing water tank, the side wall of the flow uniformizing water tank is provided with an electric overflow port, the electric overflow port is located above the flow uniformizing water tank, and the flow uniformizing water tank is communicated with the water distribution channel through the electric overflow port;

[0011] A second flow uniformizing plate and a plurality of water distribution pipes are arranged in the water distribution channel, the water distribution pipe is provided with inverted conical openings on both sides of the upper end, the lower edge of the water distribution pipe opening is located above the second flow uniformizing plate, the lower end of the water distribution pipe penetrates through the second flow uniformizing plate and is communicated with the cooling tower.

[0012] With respect to the prior art, in the traditional cooling water system, the cooling water inlet branch pipe is installed at the top of the cooling tower, and a manual butterfly valve is arranged on each inlet branch pipe for hydraulic balance adjustment. It is very difficult to achieve absolute hydraulic balance through manual adjustment of the valve. When the cooling water system operates at variable flow, the inlet branch pipe has different degrees of non-full pipe flow due to changes in water quantity, which deviates from the basic principle of fluid mechanics full pipe flow, and the resistance characteristics deviate from the original balance relationship, resulting in hydraulic imbalance. The present scheme provides a self-balancing cooling water system which fully utilizes the basic principle of fluid statics and ensures that the opened cooling tower automatically achieves hydraulic balance and uniform water distribution in the water distribution tank through multiple measures. In the specific scheme, the cooling water inlet branch pipe is installed at the bottom of the flow equalization tank, and the inlet branch pipe is connected to the bottom of the flow equalization tank through a plurality of branch fine pipes, thereby avoiding the non-full pipe flow phenomenon during operation of the cooling water system, and the balance achieved during initial adjustment of the system will not change greatly due to changes in flow. The branch fine pipe of each cooling water inlet branch pipe is preferably two. A first flow equalization plate is provided in the flow equalization tank, the first flow equalization plate is horizontally arranged, and a plurality of micro perforations are provided on the first flow equalization plate, thereby ensuring that the total water flow velocity of all cooling towers is small enough and the degree of water flow turbulence is as low as possible. The distance L2 between the first flow equalization plate and the bottom of the flow equalization tank needs to meet the condition of uniform distribution of cooling water through the flow equalization plate. The side wall of the flow equalization tank is provided with an electric overflow port, which can be controlled locally or remotely to open and close the electric overflow port to flow the cooling water from the flow equalization tank into the bottom of the water distribution tank. The electric overflow port has an electric signal feedback valve opening and closing signal state. A second flow equalization plate is provided in the water distribution tank, the second flow equalization plate is horizontally placed, and a plurality of micro perforations are provided on the second flow equalization plate, which can make the flow velocity small enough and reduce the turbulence of the water flow, and reduce the water flow fluctuation entering the water distribution tank from the overflow port. A plurality of water distribution pipes are provided in the water distribution tank, the water distribution pipes are vertically placed, the upper end of each water distribution pipe is higher than the bottom of the water distribution tank by a certain distance and is located above the second flow equalization plate, and the upper end of each water distribution pipe is provided with a reverse tapered shape, i.e. a "V" shaped opening, thereby meeting the uniform water distribution requirement of the cooling water at different flow rates and further ensuring uniform distribution of the cooling water entering each water distribution pipe.

[0013] Further optimization, a plurality of branch fine pipes are located at the geometric center of the flow equalization tank in the transverse direction and are uniformly distributed in the longitudinal direction of the flow equalization tank. Through this connection mode, the non-full pipe flow phenomenon during operation of the cooling water system is further avoided, and the balance achieved during initial adjustment of the system will not change greatly due to changes in flow.

[0014] Further optimization, the first flow equalization plate has several solid plates matched with the branch pipes, and the end opening of the branch pipe projects in the solid plate; in order to improve the uniformity of the distribution of cooling water in the same flow equalization tank, the first flow equalization plate has several solid plates in the present scheme, the solid plates are located at the entrances of the branch pipes, preferably circular solid plates, and the diameter L1 of the solid plate is 1.5 times of the diameter of the entrance of the branch pipe, and the rest is a micro-perforated plate, and the total area of the perforations ensures that the total water flow velocity of all cooling towers is small enough and the turbulence of the water flow is reduced as much as possible.

[0015] Further optimization, the side close to the electric overflow port of the water distribution groove is further provided with a water baffle, and a gap is left between the lower end of the water baffle and the bottom of the water distribution groove; in order to reduce the fluctuation of the water flow in the water distribution groove, the side close to the electric overflow port is provided with a water baffle in the present scheme, and a gap is left between the water baffle and the electric overflow port, the water baffle is used to block the water flow out of the electric overflow port, so that the cooling water flows into the water distribution groove through the gap at the bottom of the water baffle, and through the water baffle and the second flow equalization plate, the uniformity of the cooling water in the area above the water distribution groove of the flow equalization plate can be improved, the fluctuation of the water flow in the water distribution groove can be reduced, and the uniform distribution of the cooling water into each water distribution pipe is further ensured.

[0016] Further optimization, the water inlet main pipe is connected with the water inlet branch pipe through a manual butterfly valve; in the present scheme, the water power balance of each cooling tower is adjusted through the manual butterfly valve.

[0017] Further optimization, the two flow equalization tanks are connected through a first communication pipe; in the present scheme, the two flow equalization tanks are connected through the first communication pipe, so as to eliminate the slight water power imbalance between the flow equalization tanks after the manual butterfly valve is adjusted, and ensure that the water surfaces in the two flow equalization tanks of the cooling tower are at the same height.

[0018] Further optimization, the lower edge of the opening of the electric overflow port in each flow equalization tank is at the same height; in the present scheme, under the premise that the flow equalization tank maintains the same height level, the water flow through the opened electric overflow port is the same, and the purpose of uniform distribution of cooling water is achieved.

[0019] Further optimization, the bottom of the cooling tower is provided with a water collecting disc, the bottom of the water collecting disc is provided with a water collecting tank, and a plurality of water collecting tanks are connected with the water outlet branch pipe and the water outlet main pipe; the cooling water outlet branch pipe is connected with the lower part of the water collecting tank, and is combined with the cooling water outlet main pipe, so as to discharge the cooling water.

[0020] Further optimization, the second communication pipe is connected between the adjacent two water collecting tanks.

[0021] Further optimization, a cooling fan is arranged at the top of each cooling tower, the fan has stepless speed regulation function and can realize remote control, and each fan has an electric power meter which can independently measure active power.

[0022] Further optimization, a control method of a self-balancing cooling water system, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1: preset the minimum water flow Lmin of a single cooling tower;

[0024] S2: real-time monitoring of the total flow L of cooling water through the flow meter on the water inlet main pipe;

[0025] S3: through the detection value of the minimum water flow Lmin and the total flow L of cooling water, the number of cooling towers opened is determined; when L≥K*Lmin, all cooling towers are opened; when X*Lmin≤L<(X+1)*Lmin, X cooling towers are opened; wherein K is the total number of cooling towers, and X+1≤K.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0027] The present application makes full use of the basic principles of fluid statics, and through multiple measures, ensures that the opened cooling towers automatically achieve hydraulic balance and uniform water distribution requirements of the water distribution tank; the system does not require easily damaged components such as flow electric regulating valves, and only needs to be adjusted once, and the control system can automatically achieve hydraulic balance and uniform flow distribution of multiple cooling towers through the demand opening and closing of the overflow port, the system is simple, efficient, reliable, easy to operate and maintain, and is especially suitable for efficient variable flow cooling water systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of a self-balancing cooling water system according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0030] Figure 2 The partial enlarged schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0031] Figure 3 The connection schematic diagram between the flow equalizing tank and the water distribution tank according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0032] Figure 4 The control flowchart according to an embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0033] The marks in the drawings and the corresponding names of the parts:

[0034] 1-cooling tower, 2-collector, 3-packing, 4-collector tank, 5-flow equalization tank, 6-distributing channel, 7-cooling tower fan, 8-electric overflow, 9-inlet main pipe, 10-outlet main pipe, 11-inlet branch pipe, 12-outlet branch pipe, 13-second communication pipe, 14-first communication pipe, 15-hand-operated butterfly valve, 16-flow meter, 17-distributing pipe, 18-first flow equalization plate, 19-water baffle, 20-second flow equalization plate, 21-operation controller, 22-thermometer, 22-hygrometer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, further detailed description will be given below in combination with examples and drawings, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are only used to explain the present application, and do not limit the present application.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The present example 1 provides a self-balancing cooling water system, Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, the system comprises several cross-flow cooling towers 1, cooling tower fans 7 with stepless frequency conversion speed regulation function, a set of flow self-balancing distribution devices, cooling water pipelines and accessories connecting the cooling tower and the flow self-balancing distribution devices, and an operation controller 21. The flow self-balancing distribution devices comprise a flow equalization tank 5, a first flow equalization plate 18, an electric overflow 8, a first communication pipe 14, a water baffle 19, a second flow equalization plate 20, and a water distribution pipe 17. The cooling water pipelines comprise an inlet main pipe 9, an outlet main pipe 10, an inlet branch pipe 11, an outlet branch pipe 12, and a second communication pipe 13. A hand-operated butterfly valve 15 is arranged on the inlet branch pipe. A flow meter 16 is arranged on the inlet main pipe of the cooling tower. A thermometer 22 is arranged on the return water main pipe. An outdoor hygrometer 23 is arranged. The cooling water control system comprises the operation controller 21 and a remote control data interface.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1-3, In the specific structure, the system comprises K cross-flow cooling towers 1, the number of the cooling towers 1 is determined according to the system requirement; a water collecting tray 2 is arranged at the bottom of the cooling tower 1; a filler 3 is arranged at the two sides of the cooling tower 1; a water collecting tank 4 is arranged at the bottom of the water collecting tray 2; the water distribution channels 6 of different cooling towers 1 are connected through the flow equalizing tanks 5; a cooling fan is arranged at the top of each cooling tower 1, the fan has stepless speed regulation function and can be controlled on site and remotely, each fan has an electric power meter which can independently measure active power; an electric overflow port 8 is arranged between the flow equalizing tank 5 and the water distribution channel 6, the electric overflow port 8 can be remotely controlled to open and close, and simultaneously feedback the opening and closing signal state of the electric signal; the system is provided with a cooling water inlet main pipe 9 and a cooling water outlet main pipe 10; two cooling water branch pipes are connected to the bottom of the flow equalizing tank 5 at the two sides of each cooling tower 1 from the cooling water inlet main pipe 9, the cooling water inlet branch pipe 11 is evenly divided into two branch pipes before being connected to the flow equalizing tank 5, the branch pipes are located at the geometric center in the transverse direction of the flow equalizing tank 5, and the distance between all the branch pipes needs to be uniform in the longitudinal direction; the cooling water outlet branch pipe 12 is connected to the lower side of the water collecting tank 4 and is combined with the cooling water outlet main pipe 10; the water collecting tanks 4 at the lower part of the cooling towers 1 are connected through the second communication pipe 13; the flow equalizing tanks 5 at the two sides of the cooling tower 1 are connected through the first communication pipe 14; the manual butterfly valve 15 is arranged on the cooling water inlet branch pipe 11; the flow meter 16 is arranged on the cooling water inlet main pipe, and the flow meter 16 has data remote transmission function; the water distribution pipe 17 is arranged in the water distribution channel 6, the top of the water distribution pipe 17 is higher than the bottom of the water distribution channel 6 by a certain distance, and the "V" shaped opening is arranged at a certain height on the two sides of the water distribution pipe 17; the first flow equalizing plate 18 is arranged in the flow equalizing tank 5, the first flow equalizing plate 18 is a solid plate at the inlet of the branch pipe of the inlet branch pipe 11, and the rest part is a perforated plate; the water baffle 19 and the second flow equalizing plate 20 are arranged in the water distribution channel 6; the cooling tower 1 is provided with an on-site controller.

[0039] System principle: in the traditional cooling water system, the cooling water inlet branch pipe 11 is installed at the top of the cooling tower 1, and the manual butterfly valve 15 is arranged on each inlet branch pipe 11 for hydraulic balance adjustment. It is very difficult to achieve absolute hydraulic balance through manual adjustment of the valve, when the cooling water system operates in variable flow, the inlet branch pipe 11 has different degrees of non-full pipe flow due to the change of water quantity, which deviates from the basic principle of full pipe flow of fluid mechanics, the resistance characteristics deviate from the original balance relationship, and serious hydraulic imbalance phenomenon occurs.

[0040] The present scheme makes full use of the basic principles of fluid statics, and through multiple measures, ensures that the opened cooling tower 1 automatically realizes hydraulic balance and the uniform water distribution requirement of the water distribution tank 6; the cooling water inlet branch pipe 11 is installed at the bottom of the water tank and is horizontally centered along the flow equalization tank 5 and is uniformly arranged along the longitudinal direction of the flow equalization tank 5, which can avoid the non-full pipe flow phenomenon in the operation process of the cooling water system, and the balance achieved by the initial adjustment of the system will not change greatly due to the change in flow; the flow equalization tank 5 and the first communication pipe 14 can accommodate the slight hydraulic imbalance existing after the manual butterfly valve 15 is adjusted, ensuring that the water surfaces in the two flow equalization tanks 5 are at the same height, and the minimum cross-sectional area S (S = A * (B - L2 - L3), m2) of the flow equalization tank 5 satisfies that the cross-sectional flow velocity of the rated flow of a single cooling tower 1 passing through the flow equalization tank 5 is small enough; the first flow equalization plate 18 arranged in the flow equalization tank 5 can ensure that the water flow entering the flow equalization tank 5 has small fluctuations, further improving the uniformity of cooling water distribution in the same flow equalization tank 5, and the first flow equalization plate 18 opposite the inlet of the cooling water inlet branch pipe 11 is a circular solid plate, the diameter L1 of the solid plate is 1.5 times the inlet pipe diameter of the inlet branch pipe 11, and the rest is a perforated plate, the total area of the perforations ensures that the total water flow velocity of all cooling towers 1 is small enough and the degree of water flow turbulence is as low as possible, and the distance L2 between the first flow equalization plate 18 and the bottom of the flow equalization tank 5 needs to meet the condition of uniform distribution of cooling water passing through the flow equalization plate; the lower edge of the opening of all electric overflow ports 8 is at the same height, and under the premise that the flow equalization tank 5 maintains the same height level, the water flow through all opened electric overflow ports 8 is the same, achieving the purpose of uniform distribution of cooling water, and the height L3 ensures that the cooling water flow velocity passing through the overflow ports on both sides of a single tower is small enough and the degree of water flow turbulence is as low as possible; the water distribution pipe 17 in the water distribution tank 6 can ensure uniform water distribution of cooling water under different flow rates, and the top of the water distribution pipe 17 is higher than the bottom of the water distribution tank 6 by a certain height (L4 + L5), the height L4 is to reduce the water flow fluctuations entering the water distribution tank 6 from the overflow port, and the height L5 is to meet the uniform water distribution requirement of cooling water under different flow rates; the water baffle 19 and the second flow equalization plate 20 in the water distribution tank 6 can improve the uniformity of cooling water in the area above the second flow equalization plate 20 and reduce the water flow fluctuations in the water distribution tank 6, further ensuring the uniform distribution of cooling water into each water distribution pipe 17, and the width L6 needs to ensure that the water flow entering the water distribution tank 6 is uniformly distributed; the thermometer 22 arranged on the return water main pipe can monitor the cooling tower outlet water temperature in real time; the temperature and humidity meter 23 arranged outdoors can monitor the outdoor dry and wet bulb temperature in real time; the operation controller 21 can control the opening and closing of the electric overflow ports 8 of each cooling tower, the start and stop of the cooling tower fan, and the operating frequency of each cooling tower fan 7 according to the total flow of the cooling water main pipe, and at the same time provide a data interface for the air conditioning control system.

[0041] The above scheme, through the manual regulating butterfly valve on the cooling water supply branch pipe, can be hydraulically adjusted to ensure that the cooling water entering the flow self-balancing distribution device is substantially uniform; the flow self-balancing distribution device can uniformly distribute the cooling water to the water distribution tank of each cooling tower, and according to the flow of the water supply main pipe and the minimum uniform water distribution of a single cooling tower, the corresponding cooling tower electric overflow port and the cooling tower fan are opened and closed; the cooling water system operation controller can realize the opening and closing of the cooling tower and the electric overflow port, and the frequency operation of the cooling tower fan, and the operation controller can realize local control through local programming, or can be controlled by the centralized control system through an open protocol. The system has good hydraulic balance performance, simple structure, simple control, stable operation, and supports different control logic of energy-saving operation.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] This embodiment 2 is further optimized on the basis of embodiment 1, and provides a control method of a self-balancing cooling water system, as shown in Figure 4 .

[0044] Since the cooling tower system only needs to open and close the overflow port during variable flow operation to achieve uniform distribution of all cooling tower flows, and because of the special structure of the water distribution pipe, the cooling tower's ability to adapt to low flow conditions is further enhanced, the control system and control logic are simpler than the latest variable flow cooling tower system on the market.

[0045] The cooling tower 1 can preset the minimum water flow Lmin of a single cooling tower 1 during operation, and the minimum water flow Lmin must meet the uniform water distribution requirements of the cooling tower 1. The flow meter 16 on the cooling water supply main pipe monitors the cooling water flow L in real time and uploads the monitoring data to the operation controller 21. The operation controller 21 calculates and determines the number of cooling towers 1 to be opened by presetting the minimum uniform water distribution Lmin of the cooling tower 1 and the total cooling water flow L detection value. When L≥K*Lmin, all cooling towers 1 are opened; when X*Lmin≤L<(X+1)*Lmin, X cooling towers 1 are opened; when 1*Lmin≤L<2*Lmin, 1 cooling tower 1 is opened; wherein K is the total number of cooling towers, and X+1≤K; for details, see Figure 3 . The start-stop control of the cooling tower fan 7 is synchronously interlocked with the opening and closing of the electric overflow port 8; the total cooling water flow regulation of the cooling tower 1 (the number and frequency control of the cooling water pump), and the operation frequency of the cooling tower fan 7 can be adjusted according to the minimum energy consumption of the cooling tower 1+cooling water pump+cooling water chiller unit as a control target, or the fan frequency can be controlled according to the approximation degree relationship between the return water temperature monitored by the temperature meter 22 on the return water main pipe and the outdoor air wet bulb temperature monitored by the outdoor temperature and humidity meter 23; the main control instructions are issued by the centralized control system of the cooling water plant.

[0046] The system does not need the easily damaged components such as flow regulating valve, only needs to be adjusted once, and the control system can automatically realize the hydraulic balance and uniform distribution of flow of multiple cooling towers by opening and closing the overflow port according to the demand, so the system is simple, reliable, easy to operate and maintain, and is especially suitable for high-efficiency variable flow cooling water system.

[0047] The above detailed description further explains the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-balancing cooling water system, characterized in that, Includes several cooling towers (1) and main water inlet pipes (9); The cooling tower (1) is provided with water distribution troughs (6) on both sides of the top, and a flow equalization tank (5) is provided at each of the two water distribution troughs (6); the main water inlet pipe (9) is equipped with a water inlet branch pipe (11), and the water inlet branch pipe (11) is connected to the bottom of the flow equalization tank (5) through several branch thin pipes. The equalization tank (5) is provided with a first equalization plate (18), and the side wall of the equalization tank (5) is provided with an electric overflow port (8). The electric overflow port (8) is located above the side of the equalization tank (5), and the equalization tank (5) is connected to the water distribution tank (6) through the electric overflow port (8). The water distribution tank (6) is provided with a second flow equalization plate (20) and several water distribution pipes (17). The upper end of the water distribution pipe (17) is located above the second flow equalization plate (20), and the lower end of the water distribution pipe (17) passes through the second flow equalization plate (20) and is connected to the cooling tower (1). The upper end of the water distribution pipe (17) has an inverted conical opening. Several of the branch capillaries are located laterally at the geometric center of the flow equalization tank (5) and are evenly distributed longitudinally along the flow equalization tank (5); A baffle plate (19) is also provided on the side of the water distribution trough (6) near the electric overflow port (8), and a gap is left between the lower end of the baffle plate (19) and the bottom of the water distribution trough (6).

2. The self-balancing cooling water system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first flow equalization plate (18) contains a plurality of solid plates that match the branch tubes, and the projection of the end opening of the branch tubes is located within the solid plates.

3. The self-balancing cooling water system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main water inlet pipe (9) is connected to the branch water inlet pipe (11) via a manual butterfly valve (15).

4. A self-balancing cooling water system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two equalizing water tanks (5) are connected by a first connecting pipe (14).

5. A self-balancing cooling water system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower edge of the electric overflow port (8) inside each of the aforementioned equal flow tanks (5) is at the same height.

6. A self-balancing cooling water system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling tower (1) is provided with a water collection tray (2) at the bottom, and a water collection tank (4) is provided at the bottom of the water collection tray (2). Several of the water collection tanks (4) are connected to the water outlet branch pipe (12) and the water outlet main pipe (10).

7. A self-balancing cooling water system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The two adjacent water collection tanks (4) are connected by a second connecting pipe (13).

8. A control method for a self-balancing cooling water system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Preset the minimum water flow rate Lmin for a single cooling tower (1); S2: The total cooling water flow rate L is monitored in real time by the flow meter (16) on the main water inlet pipe (9); S3: The number of cooling towers to be turned on is determined by the detection values ​​of the minimum water flow rate Lmin and the total cooling water flow rate L; when L≥K*Lmin, all cooling towers are turned on; when X*Lmin≤L<(X+1)*Lmin, X cooling towers are turned on; where K is the total number of cooling towers and X+1≤K.

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