A method for decision-making on spatial layout coordination of coal mining and filling working faces in underground coal mines

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of coal mining, and relates to a method for coordinating and deciding the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces in underground coal mines. The method comprehensively defines the coordination relationship between coal mining and filling working faces according to the designed capacity of the mine, the occurrence conditions of coal seams, and the demand for engineering filling, including filling determined by mining and mining determined by filling, and provides a method for making decisions on the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces applicable to the two types of mining and filling coordination relationships. The present invention can not only give full play to the technical advantages of the two types of mining processes, improve the underground integrated mining, selection and filling technology, and promote the efficient coordination and cooperation of underground coal mining and filling systems, but also provide reference and reference for the spatial planning layout and dynamic adjustment of underground coal mining and filling working faces, which has important practical significance for ensuring safe, efficient and green mining in deep coal mines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal mining, and in particular relates to a method for coordinating and deciding the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces in underground coal mines. Background Art

[0002] After long-term large-scale development, the shallow coal resources in the central and eastern mining areas are almost exhausted. At present, the mining depth of the main mines has reached 800-1000m, and they have entered the deep mining stage. The mining of deep coal resources directly faces the problems of increased gangue production and reduced mine hoisting efficiency. At the same time, the washing and discharge of gangue on the ground also seriously pollute the ecological environment of the mining area. The integrated mining, selection and filling technology can realize the initial screening of raw coal underground by establishing a coal gangue sorting system in the deep mine. The washed gangue can be directly transported to the goaf for filling after crushing, which can effectively solve the above problems. For deep integrated mining, selection and filling mines, the coordinated layout of underground coal mining and filling working faces can not only give full play to the advantages of the two types of mining processes and technologies, but also meet the engineering requirements of rock migration control, rock burst prevention and control, lane surrounding rock control, water resource protection, and high-gas coal seam pressure relief and permeability enhancement. Therefore, realizing the spatial optimization layout of coal mining and filling working faces is the primary problem faced by deep integrated mining, selection and filling mines.

[0003] At present, many experts and scholars have conducted extensive research on the spatial optimization layout of underground coal mining and filling working faces, pointing out that the layout of coal mining and filling working faces can be divided into four types: full mining and full filling, partial mining and full filling, full mining and partial filling, and partial mining and partial filling. The advantages, disadvantages and applicable conditions of the four types of layout methods have been discussed, and the caving method and gangue filling mixed comprehensive mining technology have been developed. The "mining-filling-retention" coordinated mining method has been proposed, and the "mining, selection and filling + X" integrated mine selective mining technology system has been constructed. The continuous mining, continuous filling and water-saving coal mining method based on the coordinated layout of mining and filling space has been developed. However, the above research is mainly based on given mining conditions, and the decision-making method of the spatial optimization layout system of coal mining and filling working faces that meets different engineering needs and is suitable for different mining and filling coordination relationships still needs to be further studied. Therefore, a method for spatial layout coordination and decision-making of underground coal mining and filling working faces in deep coal mines was proposed, which is of positive significance for ensuring efficient coordination and cooperation of underground coal mining and filling systems, improving integrated mining, selection and filling technology, guiding the spatial planning and layout and dynamic adjustment of underground coal mining and filling working faces, and realizing safe, efficient and green mining in deep integrated mining, selection and filling mines. Summary of the invention

[0004] In response to the problem of optimizing the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces in deep underground coal mines, the present invention proposes a method for coordinating and deciding the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces based on the specific mining and filling coordination relationship (filling is determined by mining and mining is determined by filling). This method helps to give full play to the technical advantages of the two types of mining processes, and is of positive significance for guiding the spatial planning and layout and dynamic adjustment of coal mining and filling working faces in underground coal mines, improving the integrated mining, selection and filling technology, and realizing safe, efficient and green mining in deep mines.

[0005] The specific steps of the method for spatial layout coordination decision of coal mining and filling working face are as follows:

[0006] a. Based on the designed capacity of the mine, the occurrence conditions of the coal seams, and the demand for engineering filling, the coordination relationship between the coal mining and filling working faces shall be comprehensively defined, and the coordination relationship includes the filling determined by mining and the mining determined by filling;

[0007] Among them, filling determined by mining means that the mine takes the annual raw coal output to meet the design production capacity requirements as the main goal, and at the same time, in order to meet the requirements of on-site digestion of the associated gangue underground, a mining and filling coordination method is used to reasonably determine the filling method, location and related parameters.

[0008] Among them, mining based on filling refers to a mining and filling coordination method in which the mine takes rock movement control, rock burst prevention and control, lane retention surrounding rock control, water resource protection or coal seam pressure relief and permeability increase as the main goals, and reversely determines the number, location, layout parameters and process parameters of the coal mining working face based on the filling working face layout plan, gangue demand, raw coal selection rate and gangue content.

[0009] b. For mines with mining-fixed filling, first determine the number, location, layout parameters and process parameters of underground coal mining faces based on the factors affecting the layout of coal mining faces and the weights of each factor, the principle of optimizing the spatial layout of coal mining and filling faces under the mining-fixed filling conditions, and the requirements of policies and regulations;

[0010] Among them, the relative weights of the factors affecting the layout of the coal mining face are, from small to large, mining succession plan, mining tunnel layout, coal mining technology, coal seam characteristics, coal seam occurrence conditions, mine design capacity, mine mining conditions, technical equipment and management level.

[0011] Among them, the main principles for optimizing the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces under the condition of fixed mining and filling are as follows: (1) The spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces follows the layout strategy of "mining as the main and filling as the auxiliary"; (2) When a mine needs to arrange multiple coal mining working faces simultaneously underground to meet the design production capacity requirements, in order to weaken the stress concentration of the surrounding rock and reduce the probability of dynamic disasters, the coal mining working faces need to be dispersed; (3) In order to ensure the stability of raw coal production, coal mining working faces should be arranged in areas with stable coal seam occurrence, and filling working faces should be arranged in areas with unstable coal seam occurrence or complex geological structures; (4) The filling working face should be as close as possible to the underground coal gangue distribution area. Select the system layout to reduce the interaction between the gangue transportation system and other production activities in the mine; (5) The number, location, layout parameters and process parameters of the filling working face should be flexibly adjusted according to the actual production of associated gangue in the mine; (6) Auxiliary use of abandoned tunnels for gangue filling and continuous mining and filling methods to reduce the gangue handling pressure of the filling working face; (7) The filling working face should have a certain surplus digestion capacity to adapt to the fluctuation of the production of associated gangue in the mine; (8) The technical advantages of the filling mining process should be fully utilized to achieve the goals of rock migration control, rock burst prevention and control, tunnel surrounding rock control, water resource protection or coal seam pressure relief and permeability enhancement.

[0012] c. Without considering the annual raw coal production of the filling working face, the annual raw coal production of the mine is preliminarily determined in combination with the annual coal tunneling succession plan, and then the annual production of associated gangue of the mine is calculated based on the underground coal gangue sorting accuracy, the annual rock tunneling plan, the raw coal selection rate, and the raw coal gangue content;

[0013] The specific calculation method is:

[0014] The annual raw coal output of the mine Y without considering the coal output of the filling working face c for:

[0015]

[0016] Where Y m Y is the annual raw coal output of the coal mining face; r The annual raw coal output of coal tunnel excavation; n 1 The number of coal mining faces mined throughout the year; D i 、c i 、r i 、h i , l i 、f i They are the annual mining days, daily cycles, coal seam recovery rate, mining height, layout length, and cycle footage of the i-th coal mining face; ρ c is the density of coal; n 2 is the number of coal tunnels excavated in the mine per year; l p , S pis the annual footage and gross cross-sectional area of ​​the pth coal roadway;

[0017] At this time, the annual output of associated gangue in the mine is Y g for:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, G is the gangue content of raw coal; R is the selection rate of raw coal in the mine; A 1 , A 2 are the gangue separation rate and gangue coal carrying rate of the underground gangue separation system; n 3 is the number of rock tunnels excavated in the mine per year; q , S q is the annual footage and gross cross-sectional area of ​​the qth rock tunnel; ρ g is the density of gangue.

[0020] d. Based on the production of associated gangue in the mine and the amount of gangue digested by the designed filling working face, calculate the number of filling working faces that need to be arranged underground, and then refer to the engineering filling target, the factors affecting the layout of the filling working face and the weight of each influencing factor, and determine the specific spatial location of the filling working face based on the principle of spatial optimization layout of coal mining and filling working faces under the conditions of mining and filling;

[0021] Among them, the number of filling working faces to be arranged underground is calculated based on the production of associated gangue in the mine and the amount of gangue digested in the designed filling working face. The specific calculation method is:

[0022] Design and layout of filling working face Daily waste rock digestion capacity m b The calculation formula is:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, ρ 1 It is the density of gangue when it is naturally piled up; is the filling rate; 0 is the maximum compaction deformation ratio of gangue; c b 、h b , l b 、f b The order is the number of daily cycles, mining height, layout length, and cycle footage of the designed filling working face;

[0025] Without considering the amount of gangue produced by the filling working face, the number of filling working faces x with the same digestion capacity that needs to be arranged in the mine should meet the following requirements:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, 330 is the annual production days of the mine; when the calculated value on the left side of the above formula is greater than 1, x takes the smallest positive integer greater than this value, indicating that the proposed single filling working face cannot meet the on-site digestion demand of the associated gangue underground; when the calculated value on the left side of the above formula is less than 1, it indicates that the proposed single filling working face can meet the on-site digestion demand of the associated gangue underground.

[0028] Among them, the relative weights of the factors affecting the layout of the filling working face are, from small to large, gangue transportation cost, gangue filling cost, coal gangue sorting capacity, mine design capacity, filling method and parameters, underground gangue output, filling technology and equipment level, and engineering filling requirements.

[0029] e. If it is determined that multiple filling working faces need to be arranged simultaneously in the mine, it is necessary to use dynamic adjustment equations to check the specific layout parameters and process parameters of each filling working face. On this basis, continue to judge whether the mining and filling balance requirements of the mine are met under the condition of considering the gangue production of the filling working face, until the optimal spatial layout of the filling working face is finally achieved;

[0030] The specific calculation method is:

[0031] According to the principle of mass conservation, the dynamic adjustment equation of filling working surface layout parameters and process parameters is:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, c bj 、h bj , l bj 、f bj , They are the daily cycle number, mining height, layout length, cycle footage, and filling rate of the jth filling working face;

[0034] After determining all relevant parameters of the filling working face, continue to judge whether the mine mining and filling balance requirements are met under the condition of considering the amount of gangue produced by the filling working face according to the following formula. If not, the x value needs to be corrected or The value is then adjusted according to the dynamic adjustment equation to calibrate the relevant parameters of each filling working face until the on-site digestion needs of all the associated gangue in the mine are met;

[0035]

[0036] Where D bj 、r bj is the annual mining days and coal seam recovery rate of the jth filling working face.

[0037] f. For mining pits determined by filling, first determine the number and specific location of the filling working faces based on the engineering filling requirements, the factors affecting the layout of the filling working face and the weights of each influencing factor, the principle of optimizing the layout of coal mining and working face space under the conditions of filling-determined mining, and the technical management level, and then determine the layout parameters and process parameters of the filling working face according to the filling range and filling rate requirements;

[0038] Among them, the principles for optimizing the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces under the condition of filling-determined mining are as follows: (1) The spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces follows the layout strategy of "filling as the main and mining as the auxiliary"; (2) When multiple coal mining working faces are required to meet the production demand of underground associated gangue, the coal mining working faces should be arranged in a dispersed manner; (3) Based on the specific filling requirements of the mine project, the spatial position of the coal mining and filling working faces should be flexibly adjusted; (4) The spatial layout of the filling working face is not restricted by the location of the underground coal gangue sorting system, but is mainly determined by the filling requirements of the project; (5) In order to ensure that the production of underground associated gangue meets the filling requirements of the project, the production of raw coal or tunneling gangue should be appropriately increased to ensure the supply of gangue.

[0039] g. Determine the amount of associated gangue filling required for the mine, and reversely determine the raw coal production requirements of the coal mining face based on the coal tunnel and rock tunnel excavation succession plan, the gangue content of the raw coal, and the coal gangue sorting accuracy;

[0040] The specific calculation method is:

[0041] Under the condition of filling and mining, the amount of associated waste rock filling required by the mine throughout the year is Y g for:

[0042]

[0043] Where n 4 is the number of filling working faces arranged underground; P is the percentage of underground associated gangue in the total amount of filling gangue required; ρ 2j Corresponding to the filling rate The density of the gangue filling body;

[0044] The annual amount of gangue Y required for the mine under the condition of fixed mining can be derived from the above formula: gm for:

[0045]

[0046] Combined with the underground coal gangue sorting accuracy and the annual raw coal production of the filling working face, the annual raw coal production Y of the coal mining working face is derived. m The calculation formula is:

[0047]

[0048] h. Calculate the number of coal mining faces that need to be arranged simultaneously underground according to the raw coal production of the designed coal mining faces, and determine the spatial location of the coal mining faces by referring to the factors affecting the layout of the coal mining faces and the weights of each factor, and by the principle of optimizing the layout of the coal mining and working face space under the given mining conditions;

[0049] Specifically, the method for determining the number of coal mining working faces that need to be arranged simultaneously is as follows:

[0050] Design and arrange coal mining working face daily raw coal output m c The calculation formula is:

[0051] m c =crhlfρ c

[0052] Where: c, r, h, l, and f are the daily cycle number, coal seam recovery rate, mining height, layout length, and cycle footage of the coal mining face respectively;

[0053] In order to ensure that the gangue output of the coal mining face can meet the underground filling requirements, the following conditions should be met:

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, y is the number of coal mining faces with the same raw coal production capacity that need to be arranged simultaneously in the mine. Similarly, when the calculated value on the left side of the above formula is greater than 1, y takes the smallest positive integer greater than this value; when the calculated value on the left side is less than 1, it indicates that the gangue production of a single coal mining face can meet the underground gangue filling needs.

[0056] i. If it is determined that multiple coal mining faces need to be arranged simultaneously in the mine, the specific layout parameters and process parameters of each coal mining face need to be checked according to the dynamic adjustment equation, so as to achieve the optimal spatial layout of the coal mining faces.

[0057] The dynamic adjustment equation of the coal mining face layout parameters and process parameters is:

[0058]

[0059] Beneficial effects: The present invention proposes a method for coordinating and deciding the spatial layout of underground coal mining and filling working faces in coal mines, which can not only give full play to the technical advantages of the two types of mining processes, improve the underground mining, selection and filling integrated technology, and promote the efficient coordination and cooperation of underground coal mining and filling systems, but also provide reference and reference for the spatial planning layout and dynamic adjustment of underground coal mining and filling working faces, which is of great practical significance for ensuring safe, efficient and green mining in deep mines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the decision-making method for the spatial layout coordination of coal mining and filling working faces under the condition of "mining determines filling";

[0061] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the coordinated decision-making method for the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces under the condition of "mining determined by filling". DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] A method for coordinating and deciding the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces in underground coal mines, comprising the following steps:

[0063] a. Based on the designed capacity of the mine, the occurrence conditions of the coal seams, and the demand for engineering filling, the coordination relationship between the coal mining face and the filling face is comprehensively defined, and the coordination relationship includes the filling determined by mining and the mining determined by filling;

[0064] "Filling based on mining" refers to a mining and filling coordination method that takes the annual raw coal output of the mine to meet the design production capacity requirements as the main goal, and at the same time meets the requirements of on-site digestion of underground associated gangue, and reasonably determines the filling method, location and related parameters;

[0065] "Mining based on filling" refers to a mining and filling coordination method in which the number, location, layout parameters and process parameters of the coal mining face are determined by reverse calculation based on parameters such as the filling working face layout plan, gangue demand, raw coal selection rate and gangue content, with the main goals of rock stratum migration control, rock burst prevention and control, lane retention surrounding rock control, water resource protection or coal seam pressure relief and permeability enhancement.

[0066] Here, coal mining working face refers specifically to the working face that does not use the filling method for mining, such as the common longwall caving method for mining; filling working face refers specifically to the working face that uses underground filling technology for mining.

[0067] b. For mines with mining-determined filling, first determine the number, location, layout parameters and process parameters of underground coal mining faces based on the factors affecting the layout of coal mining faces and the weights of each factor, the principles of spatial optimization layout of coal mining and filling faces under the conditions of mining-determined filling, and policy and regulatory requirements, that is, first formulate a spatial optimization layout plan for coal mining faces;

[0068] In his doctoral dissertation "Study on Stability Control Mechanism of Surrounding Rock of Deep Well Sorting Chamber Group and Optimal Layout of Mining and Filling Space", the inventor has established a weight analysis model of factors affecting the layout of coal mining faces based on expert survey-analytic hierarchy process. The relative weights of various factors affecting the layout of coal mining faces were determined by constructing paired comparison matrices, pairwise comparison matrix consistency tests, hierarchical single sorting, and hierarchical total sorting. From small to large, they are mining succession plan, mining tunnel layout, coal mining technology, coal seam characteristics, coal seam occurrence conditions, mine design capacity, mine mining conditions, technical equipment and management level.

[0069] The main principles for optimizing the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces under the condition of mining-fixed filling are as follows: (1) The spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces follows the layout strategy of "mining as the main and filling as the auxiliary"; (2) When a mine needs to arrange multiple coal mining working faces underground at the same time to meet the design production capacity requirements, in order to weaken the stress concentration of the surrounding rock and reduce the probability of dynamic disasters, the coal mining working faces need to be dispersed; (3) In order to ensure stable raw coal production, coal mining working faces should be arranged in areas with stable coal seam occurrence, and filling working faces can be arranged in areas with unstable coal seam occurrence or complex geological structures; (4) The filling working face should be as close as possible to the underground coal gangue sorting system (5) The number, location, layout parameters and process parameters of the filling working face can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual production of associated gangue in the mine; (6) Auxiliary methods such as abandoned tunnel gangue filling and continuous mining and filling can be used to reduce the gangue treatment pressure of the filling working face; (7) The filling working face should have a certain surplus digestion capacity to adapt to the fluctuating changes in the production of associated gangue in the mine; (8) The technical advantages of the filling mining process can be fully utilized to achieve engineering goals such as stratum migration control, rock burst prevention and control, tunnel surrounding rock control, water resource protection or coal seam pressure relief and permeability enhancement.

[0070] c. Without considering the annual raw coal production of the filling working face, the annual raw coal production of the mine is preliminarily determined in combination with the annual coal tunneling succession plan, and then the annual production of associated gangue of the mine is calculated based on the underground coal gangue sorting accuracy, the annual rock tunneling plan, the raw coal selection rate, and the raw coal gangue content;

[0071] If the coal production of the filling working face is not considered, the annual raw coal production of the mine is Y c for:

[0072]

[0073] Where Y m Y is the annual raw coal output of the coal mining face; r The annual raw coal output of coal tunnel excavation; n 1 The number of coal mining faces mined throughout the year; D i 、c i 、r i 、h i , l i 、f i They are the annual mining days, daily cycles, coal seam recovery rate, mining height, layout length, and cycle footage of the i-th coal mining face; ρ c is the density of coal; n 2 is the number of coal tunnels excavated in the mine per year; l p , S p It is the annual advancement and gross cross-sectional area of ​​the pth coal roadway.

[0074] At this time, the annual output of associated gangue in the mine is Y g for:

[0075]

[0076] In the formula, G is the gangue content of raw coal; R is the selection rate of raw coal in the mine; A 1 , A 2 are the gangue separation rate and gangue coal carrying rate of the underground gangue separation system; n 3 is the number of rock tunnels excavated in the mine per year; q , S q is the annual footage and gross cross-sectional area of ​​the qth rock tunnel; ρ g is the density of gangue.

[0077] d. Based on the production of associated gangue in the mine and the amount of gangue digested by the designed filling working face, calculate the number of filling working faces that need to be arranged underground, and then refer to the engineering filling target, the factors affecting the layout of the filling working face and the weight of each influencing factor, and determine the specific spatial location of the filling working face based on the principle of spatial optimization layout of coal mining and filling working faces under the conditions of mining and filling;

[0078] Design and layout of filling working face Daily waste rock digestion capacity m b The calculation formula is:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, ρ 1 It is the density of gangue when it is naturally piled up; is the filling rate; 0 is the maximum compaction deformation ratio of gangue; c b 、h b , l b 、f b They are the number of daily cycles, mining height, layout length, and cycle footage of the designed filling working face.

[0081] Without considering the amount of gangue produced by the filling working face, the number of filling working faces x with the same digestion capacity that needs to be arranged in the mine should meet the following requirements:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula, 330 is the annual production days of the mine; when the calculated value on the left side of the above formula is greater than 1, x takes the smallest positive integer greater than this value, indicating that the proposed single filling working face cannot meet the on-site digestion demand of the underground associated gangue; when the calculated value on the left side of the above formula is less than 1, it indicates that the proposed single filling working face can meet the on-site digestion demand of the underground associated gangue.

[0084] In his doctoral dissertation "Study on Stability Control Mechanism of Surrounding Rock of Deep Well Sorting Chamber Group and Optimal Layout of Mining-Filling Space", the inventor also used expert survey-hierarchy analysis method to determine the relative weights of various factors affecting the layout of the filling working face, from small to large, they are gangue transportation cost, gangue filling cost, coal gangue sorting capacity, mine design capacity, filling method and parameters, underground gangue production, filling technology and equipment level, and engineering filling requirements.

[0085] e. If it is determined that multiple filling working faces need to be arranged simultaneously in the mine, it is necessary to use dynamic adjustment equations to check the specific layout parameters and process parameters of each filling working face. On this basis, continue to judge whether the mining and filling balance requirements of the mine are met under the condition of considering the gangue production of the filling working face, until the optimal spatial layout of the filling working face is finally achieved;

[0086] According to the principle of mass conservation, the dynamic adjustment equation of filling working surface layout parameters and process parameters is:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula, c bj 、h bj , l bj 、f bj , They are the daily cycle number, mining height, layout length, cycle footage, and filling rate of the jth filling working face;

[0089] After determining all relevant parameters of the filling working face, continue to judge whether the mine mining and filling balance requirements are met under the condition of considering the amount of gangue produced by the filling working face according to the following formula. If not, the x value needs to be corrected or Then, the relevant parameters of each filling working face are corrected according to the dynamic adjustment equation until the on-site digestion requirements of all the associated gangue in the mine are met;

[0090]

[0091] Where D bj 、r bj is the annual mining days and coal seam recovery rate of the jth filling working face.

[0092] f. For mining shafts determined by filling, first determine the number and specific location of the filling working faces based on the engineering filling requirements, the factors affecting the layout of the filling working face and the weights of each factor, the principle of optimizing the layout of the coal mining and working face space under the conditions of filling-determined mining, and the technical management level. Then, determine the layout parameters and process parameters of the filling working face according to the filling range and filling rate requirements, that is, formulate a filling working face space optimization layout plan;

[0093] The specific principles for optimizing the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces under the condition of filling-determined mining are as follows: (1) The spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces follows the layout strategy of "filling as the main and mining as the auxiliary"; (2) When multiple coal mining working faces are required to meet the production demand of underground associated gangue, the coal mining working faces should be arranged in a dispersed manner; (3) Based on the specific filling requirements of the mine project, the spatial position of the coal mining and filling working faces can be flexibly adjusted; (4) The spatial layout of the filling working face is not restricted by the location of the underground coal gangue sorting system, but is mainly determined by the filling requirements of the project; (5) In order to ensure that the production of underground associated gangue can meet the filling requirements of the project, the production of raw coal or tunneling gangue should be appropriately increased to ensure the supply of gangue.

[0094] g. Determine the amount of associated gangue filling required for the mine, and reversely determine the raw coal production requirements of the coal mining face based on the coal tunnel and rock tunnel excavation succession plan, the gangue content of the raw coal, and the coal gangue sorting accuracy;

[0095] Under the condition of filling and mining, the amount of associated waste rock filling required by the mine throughout the year is Y g for:

[0096]

[0097] Where n 4 is the number of filling working faces arranged underground; P is the percentage of underground associated gangue in the total amount of filling gangue required; ρ 2j Corresponding to the filling rate The density of the gangue filling body;

[0098] The annual amount of gangue Y required for the mine under the condition of fixed mining can be derived from the above formula: gm for:

[0099]

[0100] Combined with the underground coal gangue sorting accuracy and the annual raw coal production of the filling working face, the annual raw coal production Y of the coal mining working face is derived. m The calculation formula is:

[0101]

[0102] h. Calculate the number of coal mining faces that need to be arranged simultaneously underground according to the raw coal production of the designed coal mining faces, and determine the spatial location of the coal mining faces by referring to the factors affecting the layout of the coal mining faces and the weights of each factor, and by the principle of optimizing the layout of the coal mining and working face space under the given mining conditions;

[0103] Design and arrange coal mining working face daily raw coal output m c The calculation formula is:

[0104] m c =crhlfρ c

[0105] Where: c, r, h, l, and f are the daily cycle number, coal seam recovery rate, mining height, layout length, and cycle footage of the coal mining face respectively;

[0106] In order to ensure that the gangue output of the coal mining face can meet the underground filling requirements, the following conditions should be met:

[0107]

[0108] In the formula, y is the number of coal mining faces with the same raw coal production capacity that need to be arranged simultaneously in the mine. Similarly, when the calculated value on the left side of the above formula is greater than 1, y takes the smallest positive integer greater than this value; when the calculated value on the left side is less than 1, it indicates that the gangue production of a single coal mining face can meet the underground gangue filling needs.

[0109] i. If it is determined that multiple coal mining faces need to be arranged simultaneously in the mine, the daily cycle number, coal seam recovery rate, mining height, layout length and cycle footage of each coal mining face need to be checked according to the dynamic adjustment equation, so as to achieve the optimal spatial layout of the coal mining face;

[0110] According to the principle of mass conservation, the dynamic adjustment equation of coal mining face layout parameters and process parameters is:

Claims

1. A method for decision-making on spatial layout coordination of coal mining and filling working faces in underground coal mines. It is characterized in that The steps include: a. Based on the designed capacity of the mine, the occurrence conditions of the coal seams, and the demand for engineering filling, the coordination relationship between the coal mining and filling working faces shall be comprehensively defined, and the coordination relationship includes the filling determined by mining and the mining determined by filling; b. For mines with mining-fixed filling, first determine the number, location, layout parameters and process parameters of underground coal mining faces based on the factors affecting the layout of coal mining faces and the weights of each factor, the principle of optimizing the spatial layout of coal mining and filling faces under the mining-fixed filling conditions, and the requirements of policies and regulations; c. Without considering the annual raw coal production of the filling working face, the annual raw coal production of the mine is preliminarily determined in combination with the annual coal tunneling succession plan, and then the annual production of associated gangue of the mine is calculated based on the underground coal gangue sorting accuracy, the annual rock tunneling plan, the raw coal selection rate, and the raw coal gangue content; d. Based on the production of associated gangue in the mine and the amount of gangue digested by the designed filling working face, calculate the number of filling working faces that need to be arranged underground, and then refer to the engineering filling target, the factors affecting the layout of the filling working face and the weight of each influencing factor, and determine the specific spatial location of the filling working face based on the principle of spatial optimization layout of coal mining and filling working faces under the conditions of mining and filling; e. If it is determined that multiple filling working faces need to be arranged simultaneously in the mine, it is necessary to use dynamic adjustment equations to check the specific layout parameters and process parameters of each filling working face. On this basis, continue to judge whether the mining and filling balance requirements of the mine are met under the condition of considering the gangue production of the filling working face, until the optimal spatial layout of the filling working face is finally achieved; f. For mining pits determined by filling, first determine the number and specific location of the filling working faces based on the engineering filling requirements, the factors affecting the layout of the filling working face and the weights of each influencing factor, the principle of optimizing the layout of coal mining and working face space under the conditions of filling-determined mining, and the technical management level, and then determine the layout parameters and process parameters of the filling working face according to the filling range and filling rate requirements; g. Determine the amount of associated gangue filling required for the mine, and reversely determine the raw coal production requirements of the coal mining face based on the coal tunnel and rock tunnel excavation succession plan, the gangue content of the raw coal, and the coal gangue sorting accuracy; h. Calculate the number of coal mining faces that need to be arranged simultaneously underground according to the raw coal production of the designed coal mining faces, and determine the spatial location of the coal mining faces by referring to the factors affecting the layout of the coal mining faces and the weights of each factor, and by the principle of optimizing the layout of the coal mining and working face space under the given mining conditions; i. If it is determined that multiple coal mining faces need to be arranged simultaneously in the mine, the specific layout parameters and process parameters of each coal mining face need to be checked according to the dynamic adjustment equation, so as to achieve the optimal spatial layout of the coal mining faces.

2. The spatial layout coordination decision-making method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Filling determined by mining refers to a method of coordination of mining and filling in which a mine takes annual raw coal output to meet the design production capacity requirements as the main goal, and reasonably determines the filling method, position and related parameters to meet the requirements of on-site digestion of associated gangue underground; and / or, mining determined by filling refers to a method of coordination of mining and filling in which a mine takes rock migration control, rock burst prevention and control, lane retention surrounding rock control, water resource protection or coal seam decompression and permeability enhancement as the main goals, and reversely determines the number, position, layout parameters and process parameters of the coal mining working face based on the filling working face layout plan, gangue demand, raw coal selection rate and gangue content.

3. The spatial layout coordination decision-making method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The relative weights of the various factors affecting the layout of the coal mining face are, from small to large, mining succession plan, mining tunnel layout, coal mining technology, coal seam characteristics, coal seam occurrence conditions, mine design capacity, mine mining conditions, technical equipment and management level; and / or, the relative weights of the various factors affecting the layout of the filling face are, from small to large, gangue transportation cost, gangue filling cost, coal gangue sorting capacity, mine design capacity, filling method and parameters, underground gangue output, filling technology and equipment level, and engineering filling needs.

4. The spatial layout coordination decision method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The main principles for optimizing the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces under the condition of mining-determined filling are as follows: (1) The spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces follows the layout strategy of "mining as the main and filling as the auxiliary"; (2) When a mine needs to arrange multiple coal mining working faces underground at the same time to meet the design production capacity requirements, in order to weaken the stress concentration of the surrounding rock and reduce the probability of dynamic disasters, the coal mining working faces need to be dispersed; (3) In order to ensure the stability of raw coal production, coal mining working faces should be arranged in areas with stable coal seam occurrence, and filling working faces should be arranged in areas with unstable coal seam occurrence or complex geological structures; (4) The filling working face should be arranged as close as possible to the underground coal gangue sorting system to reduce the interaction between the gangue transportation system and other production activities of the mine; (5) The number, location, layout parameters and process parameters of the filling working face should be flexibly adjusted according to the actual production of associated gangue underground; (6) Auxiliary use of abandoned tunnel waste filling and continuous mining and filling methods to reduce the waste rock treatment pressure of the filling working face; (7) The filling working face should have a certain surplus digestion capacity to adapt to the fluctuation of the underground associated waste rock production; (8) The technical advantages of the filling mining process should be fully utilized to achieve the goals of rock migration control, rock burst prevention and control, tunnel surrounding rock control, water resource protection or coal seam pressure relief and permeability enhancement engineering; And / or, the specific principles for optimizing the spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces under the condition of filling-determined mining are as follows: (1) The spatial layout of coal mining and filling working faces follows the layout strategy of "filling as the main and mining as the auxiliary"; (2) When multiple coal mining working faces are required to meet the production demand of underground associated gangue, the coal mining working faces should be arranged in a dispersed manner; (3) Based on the specific filling requirements of the mine project, the spatial position of the coal mining and filling working faces should be flexibly adjusted; (4) The spatial layout of the filling working face is not restricted by the location of the underground coal gangue sorting system, but is mainly determined by the filling requirements of the project; (5) In order to ensure that the production of underground associated gangue meets the filling requirements of the project, the production of raw coal or tunneling gangue should be appropriately increased to ensure the supply of gangue.

5. The spatial layout coordination decision-making method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The specific calculation method for step c is as follows: The annual raw coal output Y of the mine without considering the coal output of the filling working face c is as follows: Wherein, Y m is the annual raw coal output of the coal mining face; Y r is the annual raw coal output of the drivage coal roadway; n 1 is the number of coal mining faces mined throughout the year; D i , c i , r i , h i , l i , f i are, in sequence, the annual mining days, daily cycle number, coal seam recovery rate, mining height, layout length, and cycle advance of the i-th coal mining face; ρ c is the density of the coal body; n 2 is the number of coal roadways driven in the mine throughout the year; l p , S p are the annual advance and gross cross-sectional area of the p-th coal roadway; At this time, the annual output of associated gangue in the mine is Y g for: In the formula, G is the gangue content of raw coal; R is the selection rate of raw coal in the mine; A 1 , A 2 are the gangue separation rate and gangue coal carrying rate of the underground gangue separation system; n 3 is the number of rock tunnels excavated in the mine per year; q , S q is the annual footage and gross cross-sectional area of ​​the qth rock tunnel; ρ g is the density of gangue.

6. The spatial layout coordination decision method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that In step d, the number of filling working faces to be arranged underground is calculated based on the production of associated gangue in the mine and the gangue digestion volume of the designed filling working face. The specific calculation method is: the daily gangue digestion volume m of the designed filling working face b The calculation formula is: In the formula, ρ 1 It is the density of gangue when it is naturally piled up; is the filling rate; 0 is the maximum compaction deformation ratio of gangue; c b 、h b , l b 、f b The order is the number of daily cycles, mining height, layout length, and cycle footage of the designed filling working face; Without considering the amount of gangue produced by the filling working face, the number of filling working faces x with the same digestion capacity that needs to be arranged in the mine should meet the following requirements: In the formula, 330 is the annual production days of the mine; when the calculated value on the left side of the above formula is greater than 1, x takes the smallest positive integer greater than this value, indicating that the proposed single filling working face cannot meet the on-site digestion demand of the associated gangue underground; when the calculated value on the left side of the above formula is less than 1, it indicates that the proposed single filling working face can meet the on-site digestion demand of the associated gangue underground.

7. The spatial layout coordination decision method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The specific calculation method of step e is: According to the principle of mass conservation, the dynamic adjustment equation of the filling working surface layout parameters and process parameters is: In the formula, c bj 、h bj , l bj 、f bj , They are the daily cycle number, mining height, layout length, cycle footage, and filling rate of the jth filling working face; After determining all relevant parameters of the filling working face, continue to judge whether the mine mining and filling balance requirements are met under the condition of considering the amount of gangue produced by the filling working face according to the following formula. If not, the x value needs to be corrected or Then, the relevant parameters of each filling working face are corrected according to the dynamic adjustment equation until the on-site digestion requirements of all the associated gangue in the mine are met; where D bj , r bj are the annual mining days and coal seam recovery rate of the jth filling working face, respectively.

8. The spatial layout coordination decision method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The specific calculation method of step g is: the amount of associated waste rock filling Y required for the mine throughout the year under the condition of fixed mining g for: Where n 4 is the number of filling working faces arranged underground; P is the percentage of underground associated gangue in the total amount of filling gangue required; ρ 2j Corresponding to the filling rate The density of the gangue filling body; The annual amount of gangue Y required for the mine under the condition of fixed mining can be derived from the above formula: gm for: Combined with the underground coal gangue sorting accuracy and the annual raw coal production of the filling working face, the annual raw coal production Y of the coal mining working face is derived. m The calculation formula is:

9. The spatial layout coordination decision method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that In step h, the method for determining the number of coal mining working faces to be arranged simultaneously is as follows: Design and arrange coal mining working face daily raw coal output m c The calculation formula is: m c =crhlfρ c In order to ensure that the gangue output of the coal mining face can meet the underground filling requirements, the following conditions should be met: In the formula, y is the number of coal mining faces with the same raw coal production capacity that need to be arranged at the same time in the mine. Similarly, when the calculated value on the left side of the above formula is greater than 1, y takes the smallest positive integer greater than this value; when the calculated value on the left side is less than 1, it indicates that the gangue production of a single coal mining face can meet the underground gangue filling demand; In step i, the dynamic adjustment equation of the coal mining face layout parameters and process parameters is: Where: c, r, h, l, and f are the daily cycle number, coal seam recovery rate, mining height, layout length, and cycle footage of the coal mining face, respectively.

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