A method for rapid prototyping of silk cotton wood grafted with Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for rapid shaping of silk cotton wood grafted with Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus, and relates to the technical field of grafting methods. The silk cotton wood, Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus are all from the Celastraceae family, have strong affinity and high scion survival rate. Multi-site and multi-method grafting is performed on reserved main branches, side branches and tertiary branches by using bark grafting, bud grafting and "T"-shaped bud grafting to rapidly form evergreen broad-leaved trees, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid shaping and greatly shortening the maintenance time. In addition, through the action of a protective fungicide, the survival rate of the scion is ultimately greatly improved, and the overall survival rate reaches more than 99%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grafting methods, and in particular to a method for rapid prototyping of silk cotton wood grafted with Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus. Background Art

[0002] The rootstock species is Euonymus maackii Rupr., Euonymus genus, Celastraceae, Chinese alias Bai Du, Ming Kai Ye He, a deciduous small tree, up to 6 meters high. Leaves are opposite, ovate-elliptic, ovate or narrowly elliptic, 4-8 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, with long acuminate tips, broad cuneate or nearly rounded bases, with fine serrations on the edges, sometimes very deep and sharp, and petioles are usually slender, often 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the leaf blade, but sometimes shorter. Cymes have 3 to many flowers, peduncles are slightly flat, 1-2 cm long; flowers are 4-numbered, pale white or yellowish green, about 8 mm in diameter; pedicels are 2.5-4 mm long; stamens have purple-red anthers, and filaments are slender, 1-2 mm long. The capsule is inverted round, 4 shallow cracks, 6-8 mm long, 9-10 mm in diameter, and the fruit skin is pink when mature; the seeds are oblong, 5-6 mm long, about 4 mm in diameter, with brown-yellow seed coat and orange-red aril, which completely encloses the seeds, and often has a small mouth at the top when mature. The flowering period is May-June, and the fruiting period is September. The production area is vast, starting from Heilongjiang in the north, including North China and Inner Mongolia, to the south of the Yangtze River, and to Gansu in the west. Except for Shaanxi, Southwest China and Guangdong and Guangxi, it is found in all other provinces and regions, but it is mainly cultivated in the south of the Yangtze River. Silk cotton wood is a warm temperate tree species, which likes light, is cold-resistant, drought-resistant, slightly shade-tolerant, and also resistant to water and humidity. It has strong adaptability and is not strict with soil. It can adapt to neutral soil and slightly acidic soil. It is most suitable for planting in fertile and moist soil.

[0003] Euonymus jiaodongensis and boxwood from Hokkaido belong to the genus Euonymus, which are evergreen, deciduous shrubs or small trees, with the characteristics of cold resistance, drought resistance, salt and alkali resistance, and barrenness resistance. However, if cultivated alone as a landscape tree, the ornamental effect is poor, and the silk cotton wood is a deciduous tree, and its ornamental value is greatly reduced after the leaves fall in autumn and winter. Therefore, the silk cotton wood and evergreen broad-leaved tree species are often grafted to overcome the above problems. At present, the grafting method for silk cotton wood and Euonymus jiaodongensis generally chooses to graft on the main branch, and the scion on the main branch grows up to form a crown, but the number of scions is small, and it takes a long time for the scion to grow up. It takes more than 3 years to form after grafting, which greatly increases the time cost and maintenance cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, a method for quickly forming Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus grafted with silk cotton wood is provided, which has a fast forming speed and greatly reduces the maintenance cost.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] A method for rapid prototyping of silk cotton wood grafted with Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Rootstock selection

[0008] Select silk cottonwood plants with straight trunks, full crowns, even lateral branches, no pests and diseases, vigorous growth, and beautiful shapes as rootstocks;

[0009] (2) Scion selection

[0010] In spring, one-year-old Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus branches and buds that are healthy, have full buds, and are free of pests and diseases are selected as scions. In autumn, Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus buds that are healthy, have full buds, and are free of pests and diseases are selected as scions.

[0011] (3) Grafting time

[0012] Grafting time can be divided into spring and autumn;

[0013] ① Spring grafting: Grafting is done when the silk cotton tree begins to sprout, and the best time is from mid-March to early April each year;

[0014] ② Autumn grafting: It is best to graft buds that do not germinate and can form callus tissue in the same year. The best time is August to September each year;

[0015] (4) Grafting location

[0016] The silk cotton tree reserves primary branches, secondary branches and tertiary branches, wherein the primary branches are the main branches, the secondary branches are the side branches on the main branches, and the side branches are the tertiary branches. Starting from the top of each level of branches, the grafting is carried out every 20 to 30 cm downwards, and the scion is sealed and tied with a grafting film;

[0017] (5) Maintenance after grafting

[0018] ① Unbinding: Unbinding is done when the grafted part is completely healed and the callus tissue grows well;

[0019] ② Reinforcement: Use string and sticks to reinforce the scion to prevent damage from strong wind, hail, etc.;

[0020] ③ Pinching: When the new branches grow to about 15 to 20 cm, they should be pinched in time to promote the growth of side branches and accelerate the healing process;

[0021] ④ Wipe off the buds: Wipe off the buds on the silk cotton tree in time to avoid consuming too much nutrients, and strengthen water and fertilizer management;

[0022] ⑤ Pest and disease control: Pests are prone to occur at the grafted joint, so take timely measures to prevent and control them to avoid affecting the healing of the interface.

[0023] Preferably, the rootstock retains 5 to 8 main branches, 1 to 2 side branches, and 1 to 3 tertiary branches.

[0024] Preferably, in step (4), the scions are evenly arranged along the circumference of each level of branches.

[0025] Preferably, in step (5), the grafting can be untied after 20 to 30 days in spring; and in autumn, the petioles fall off after 7 days upon being touched, indicating that the grafting has been successful and can be untied.

[0026] Preferably, the grafting is carried out by one or more of bark grafting, bud grafting, and "T" bud grafting;

[0027] Plug

[0028] The scion is trimmed into 3-5 cm, leaving 1-2 pairs of buds, the upper end is flat, the bud tip is 0.3-0.5 cm away from the top, the lower end is cut into a 1-2 cm long bevel, and the opposite side is cut into a short bevel, so that the lower end is wedge-shaped, use a grafting knife to select a smooth part of the grafting site of the silk cotton wood to cut a "T" shape, go deep into the cambium, use the tip of the knife to slightly pry open the cortex, insert the scion, and keep the long bevel close to the cambium of the silk cotton wood. Wrap the entire scion tightly with a grafting film to maintain humidity;

[0029] Bud grafting

[0030] Cutting the anvil: Choose a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, cut a horizontal cut downwards, deep into the wood, and then cut a vertical cut along the wood from top to bottom 2.5 cm above the horizontal cut to remove the peel;

[0031] Bud cutting: First, make a horizontal cut 1 cm below the scion, and then make a vertical cut along the wood 1 cm above the bud, and remove the bud. The size of the bud should be the same as the peeling size of the rootstock.

[0032] Binding: stick the scion bud to the cut part of the silk cotton wood, align the cambium of the two, and use the grafting film to completely seal and bind the entire scion;

[0033] In early spring, the buds should be sealed together in the grafting film when tying; in autumn, the buds should be cut to leave a 1 cm long petiole, and the buds and petioles should be exposed when tying;

[0034] “T” budding

[0035] Stock cutting method: First, make a horizontal cut at a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, and then make a downward cut from the middle of the horizontal line into the wood to form a "T" shape. Then, use the tip of the knife to slightly open the bark from the longitudinal cut to both sides.

[0036] Bud removal method: Select a full bud on the scion branch, make a slanting cut below the bud, go deep into the wood, then make a slanting cut above the bud to the wood, and then make a smooth and even cut from top to bottom to cut off the bud. If there is wood on the bud, remove it.

[0037] Joining: Pinch the grafted bud between your thumb and index finger, place the bud in the middle of the cross-cut of the rootstock, align it with the longitudinal cut, and slowly insert it from top to bottom until the upper end of the bud is just flush with the cross-cut line of the rootstock. Use the grafting film to wrap a circle under the grafted bud, then wrap it above the grafted bud, wrap it 2 to 3 times up and down, cover the incision, and expose the bud tip. The tightness should be appropriate when wrapping.

[0038] Preferably, in step (5) of pest control, after the grafting film is removed, a grafting-specific healing agent needs to be applied to the joint between the rootstock and the scion, and the components of the grafting-specific healing agent are animal oil, 2-propylene acrylic acid, zhongshengmycin, 6-BA, guanine and OP-10.

[0039] Preferably, the raw materials of the special grafting healing agent include, by weight: 20-30 parts of animal oil, 7-10 parts of 2-propylene acrylic acid, 5-8 parts of zhongshengmycin, 10-15 parts of 6-BA, 7-10 parts of guanine and 8-12 parts of OP-10.

[0040] The preparation method of the special grafting healing agent comprises the following steps:

[0041] A. Grind 2-propylene acrylic acid, Zhongshengmycin, 6-BA and guanine into powders by a grinder respectively, and then put them into a powder mixer for mixing to obtain a mixed material 1;

[0042] B. Mixing animal oil and OP-10 in a V-type mixer to obtain mixed material 2;

[0043] C. Put the mixed material 1 and the mixed material 2 into a horizontal ribbon mixer, and after mixing, obtain a paste-like special healing agent for grafting.

[0044] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0045] 1. Silk cotton wood, Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus are all from the Celastraceae family, with strong affinity and high scion survival rate.

[0046] 2. Use the silk cotton tree as the rootstock, and use bark grafting, bud grafting and "T"-shaped bud grafting on the reserved main branches (primary branches), side branches (secondary branches) and tertiary branches to perform multi-site and multi-method grafting to quickly form an evergreen broad-leaved tree, achieve the purpose of rapid formation, and greatly shorten the maintenance time.

[0047] 3. OP-10 can eliminate static electricity and improve uniformity. The materials in the grafting special healing agent are mixed evenly and the effect is better.

[0048] 4. OP-10 and animal oil can isolate water vapor, greatly reduce the evaporation of water at the scion, and improve the survival rate of the scion.

[0049] 5. 2-Propylene acrylic acid improves the dissolution effect of the special grafting healing agent, so that the raw materials in the special grafting healing agent can be quickly absorbed by the opening of the scion, and the efficacy is better.

[0050] 6. 6-BA can stimulate the division of cells at the scion and accelerate the healing of wounds at the scion. Sinobiotics can kill most bacteria, and guanine improves the immunity of the scion. Through the action of special grafting healing agents, the survival rate of the scion is ultimately greatly improved, and the overall survival rate reaches more than 99%. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Example 1

[0052] (1) Select a silk cotton tree with a trunk diameter of 7 to 8 cm and a trunk height of 2.5 meters below the main branch as the rootstock. The tree should have a straight trunk, a full crown, uniform side branches, no pests and diseases, vigorous growth, and a beautiful shape. Keep 5 to 8 main branches, 1 to 2 side branches, and 1 to 3 tertiary branches.

[0053] (2) Scion selection: One-year-old, healthy, full-budded, disease- and insect-free Euonymus japonicus branches and buds are selected as scions;

[0054] (3) Grafting time

[0055] mid-March;

[0056] (4) Grafting location

[0057] The silk cotton wood reserves primary branches, secondary branches and tertiary branches, wherein the primary branches are main branches, the secondary branches are side branches on the main branches, and the side branches are tertiary branches. Starting from the top of each level of branches, grafting is performed every 20 to 30 cm downwards. The scions are evenly arranged from top to bottom along the circumference of each level of branches, and the scions are sealed and tied with a grafting film.

[0058] The main branches (first-level branches) are grafted by bark grafting and "T"-shaped budding; the side branches (second-level branches) are grafted by bark grafting and "T"-shaped budding; the tertiary branches are grafted by budding.

[0059] Plug

[0060] The scion is trimmed into 3-5 cm, leaving 1-2 pairs of buds, the upper end is flat, the bud tip is 0.3-0.5 cm away from the top, the lower end is cut into a 1-2 cm long bevel, and the opposite side is cut into a short bevel, so that the lower end is wedge-shaped, use a grafting knife to select a smooth part of the grafting site of the silk cotton wood to cut a "T" shape, go deep into the cambium, use the tip of the knife to slightly pry open the cortex, insert the scion, and keep the long bevel close to the cambium of the silk cotton wood. Wrap the entire scion tightly with a grafting film to maintain humidity;

[0061] Bud grafting

[0062] Cutting the anvil: Choose a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, cut a horizontal cut downwards, deep into the wood, and then cut a vertical cut along the wood from top to bottom 2.5 cm above the horizontal cut to remove the peel;

[0063] Bud cutting: First, make a horizontal cut 1 cm below the scion, and then make a vertical cut along the wood 1 cm above the bud, and remove the bud. The size of the bud should be the same as the peeling size of the rootstock.

[0064] Binding: stick the scion bud to the cut part of the silk cotton wood, align the cambium of the two, and use the grafting film to completely seal and bind the entire scion;

[0065] In early spring, the buds should be sealed together in the grafting film when tying; in autumn, the buds should be cut to leave a 1 cm long petiole, and the buds and petioles should be exposed when tying;

[0066] “T” budding

[0067] Stock cutting method: First, make a horizontal cut at a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, and then make a downward cut from the middle of the horizontal line into the wood to form a "T" shape. Then, use the tip of the knife to slightly open the bark from the longitudinal cut to both sides.

[0068] Bud removal method: Select a full bud on the scion branch, make a slanting cut below the bud, go deep into the wood, then make a slanting cut above the bud to the wood, and then make a smooth and even cut from top to bottom to cut off the bud. If there is wood on the bud, remove it.

[0069] Joining: Pinch the grafted bud between your thumb and index finger, place the bud in the middle of the cross-cut of the rootstock, align it with the longitudinal cut, and slowly insert it from top to bottom until the upper end of the bud is just flush with the cross-cut line of the rootstock. Use the grafting film to wrap a circle under the grafted bud, then wrap it above the grafted bud, wrap it 2 to 3 times up and down, cover the incision, and expose the bud tip. The tightness should be appropriate when wrapping.

[0070] (5) Maintenance after grafting

[0071] ① Unbinding: 20 to 30 days after grafting, when the grafted part is completely healed and the callus tissue grows well, unbind it and reinforce the scion with string and sticks to prevent damage from strong wind, hail, etc.;

[0072] ② Reinforcement: Use string and sticks to reinforce the scion to prevent damage from strong wind, hail, etc.;

[0073] ③ Pinching: When the new branches grow to about 15 to 20 cm, they should be pinched in time to promote the growth of side branches and accelerate the healing process;

[0074] ④ Wipe off the buds: Wipe off the buds on the silk cotton tree in time to avoid consuming too much nutrients, and strengthen water and fertilizer management;

[0075] ⑤ Pest and disease control: Pests are prone to occur at the grafted joint, so take timely measures to prevent and control them to avoid affecting the healing of the interface. Example 2

[0076] (1) Select a silk cotton tree with a trunk diameter of 7 to 8 cm and a trunk height of 2.5 meters below the main branch as the rootstock. The tree should have a straight trunk, a full crown, uniform side branches, no pests and diseases, vigorous growth, and a beautiful shape. Keep 5 to 8 main branches, 1 to 2 side branches, and 1 to 3 tertiary branches.

[0077] (2) Scion selection: Select healthy, full-bud, disease- and insect-free Euonymus japonicus buds as scions;

[0078] (3) Grafting time

[0079] mid-August;

[0080] (4) Grafting location

[0081] The silk cotton wood reserves primary branches, secondary branches and tertiary branches, wherein the primary branches are main branches, the secondary branches are side branches on the main branches, and the side branches are tertiary branches. Starting from the top of each level of branches, grafting is performed every 20 to 30 cm downwards. The scions are evenly arranged from top to bottom along the circumference of each level of branches, and the scions are sealed and tied with a grafting film.

[0082] The main branches (first-level branches) and side branches (second-level branches) use "T" budding; the third-level branches use close budding;

[0083] Bud grafting

[0084] Cutting the anvil: Choose a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, cut a horizontal cut downwards, deep into the wood, and then cut a vertical cut along the wood from top to bottom 2.5 cm above the horizontal cut to remove the peel;

[0085] Bud cutting: First, make a horizontal cut 1 cm below the scion, and then make a vertical cut along the wood 1 cm above the bud, and remove the bud. The size of the bud should be the same as the peeling size of the rootstock.

[0086] Binding: stick the scion bud to the cut part of the silk cotton wood, align the cambium of the two, and use the grafting film to completely seal and bind the entire scion;

[0087] In early spring, the buds should be sealed together in the grafting film when tying; in autumn, the buds should be cut to leave a 1 cm long petiole, and the buds and petioles should be exposed when tying;

[0088] “T” budding

[0089] Stock cutting method: First, make a horizontal cut at a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, and then make a downward cut from the middle of the horizontal line into the wood to form a "T" shape. Then, use the tip of the knife to slightly open the bark from the longitudinal cut to both sides.

[0090] Bud removal method: Select a full bud on the scion branch, make a slanting cut below the bud, go deep into the wood, then make a slanting cut above the bud to the wood, and then make a smooth and even cut from top to bottom to cut off the bud. If there is wood on the bud, remove it.

[0091] Joining: Pinch the grafted bud between your thumb and index finger, place the bud in the middle of the cross-cut of the rootstock, align it with the longitudinal cut, and slowly insert it from top to bottom until the upper end of the bud is just flush with the cross-cut line of the rootstock. Use the grafting film to wrap a circle under the grafted bud, then wrap it above the grafted bud, wrap it 2 to 3 times up and down, cover the incision, and expose the bud tip. The tightness should be appropriate when wrapping.

[0092] (5) Maintenance after grafting

[0093] ① Unbinding: After grafting in autumn, unbind after the Euonymus japonicus and the silk cotton wood have completely healed in the spring of the following year. Unbinding should not be too early or too late. After the grafting survives, cut off the silk cotton wood branches above the grafting site;

[0094] ② Reinforcement: Use string and sticks to reinforce the scion to prevent damage from strong wind, hail, etc.;

[0095] ③ Pinching: When the new branches grow to about 15 to 20 cm, they should be pinched in time to promote the growth of side branches and accelerate the healing process;

[0096] ④ Wipe off the buds: Wipe off the buds on the silk cotton tree in time to avoid consuming too much nutrients, and strengthen water and fertilizer management;

[0097] ⑤ Pest and disease control: Pests are prone to occur at the grafted joint, so take timely measures to prevent and control them to avoid affecting the healing of the interface. Example 3

[0098] (1) Select a silk cotton tree with a trunk diameter of 7 to 8 cm and a trunk height of 2.5 meters below the main branch as the rootstock. The tree should have a straight trunk, a full crown, uniform side branches, no pests and diseases, vigorous growth, and a beautiful shape. Keep 5 to 8 main branches, 1 to 2 side branches, and 1 to 3 tertiary branches.

[0099] (2) Scion selection: One-year-old, healthy, full-budded, disease- and insect-free Hokkaido boxwood branches and buds are selected as scion;

[0100] (3) Grafting time

[0101] mid-March;

[0102] (4) Grafting location

[0103] The silk cotton wood reserves primary branches, secondary branches and tertiary branches, wherein the primary branches are main branches, the secondary branches are side branches on the main branches, and the side branches are tertiary branches. Starting from the top of each level of branches, grafting is performed every 20 to 30 cm downwards. The scions are evenly arranged from top to bottom along the circumference of each level of branches, and the scions are sealed and tied with a grafting film.

[0104] The main branches (first-level branches) are grafted by bark grafting and "T"-shaped budding; the side branches (second-level branches) are grafted by bark grafting and "T"-shaped budding; the tertiary branches are grafted by budding.

[0105] Plug

[0106] The scion is trimmed into 3-5 cm, leaving 1-2 pairs of buds, the upper end is flat, the bud tip is 0.3-0.5 cm away from the top, the lower end is cut into a 1-2 cm long bevel, and the opposite side is cut into a short bevel, so that the lower end is wedge-shaped, use a grafting knife to select a smooth part of the grafting site of the silk cotton wood to cut a "T" shape, go deep into the cambium, use the tip of the knife to slightly pry open the cortex, insert the scion, and keep the long bevel close to the cambium of the silk cotton wood. Wrap the entire scion tightly with a grafting film to maintain humidity;

[0107] Bud grafting

[0108] Cutting the anvil: Choose a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, cut a horizontal cut downwards, deep into the wood, and then cut a vertical cut along the wood from top to bottom 2.5 cm above the horizontal cut to remove the peel;

[0109] Bud cutting: First, make a horizontal cut 1 cm below the scion, and then make a vertical cut along the wood 1 cm above the bud, and remove the bud. The size of the bud should be the same as the peeling size of the rootstock.

[0110] Binding: stick the scion bud to the cut part of the silk cotton wood, align the cambium of the two, and use the grafting film to completely seal and bind the entire scion;

[0111] In early spring, the buds should be sealed together in the grafting film when tying; in autumn, the buds should be cut to leave a 1 cm long petiole, and the buds and petioles should be exposed when tying;

[0112] “T” budding

[0113] Stock cutting method: First, make a horizontal cut at a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, and then make a downward cut from the middle of the horizontal line into the wood to form a "T" shape. Then, use the tip of the knife to slightly open the bark from the longitudinal cut to both sides.

[0114] Bud removal method: Select a full bud on the scion branch, make a slanting cut below the bud, go deep into the wood, then make a slanting cut above the bud to the wood, and then make a smooth and even cut from top to bottom to cut off the bud. If there is wood on the bud, remove it.

[0115] Joining: Pinch the grafted bud between your thumb and index finger, place the bud in the middle of the cross-cut of the rootstock, align it with the longitudinal cut, and slowly insert it from top to bottom until the upper end of the bud is just flush with the cross-cut line of the rootstock. Use the grafting film to wrap a circle under the grafted bud, then wrap it above the grafted bud, wrap it 2 to 3 times up and down, cover the incision, and expose the bud tip. The tightness should be appropriate when wrapping.

[0116] (5) Maintenance after grafting

[0117] ① Unbinding: 20 to 30 days after grafting, when the grafted part is completely healed and the callus tissue grows well, unbind it and reinforce the scion with string and sticks to prevent damage from strong wind, hail, etc.;

[0118] ② Reinforcement: Use string and sticks to reinforce the scion to prevent damage from strong wind, hail, etc.;

[0119] ③ Pinching: When the new branches grow to about 15 to 20 cm, they should be pinched in time to promote the growth of side branches and accelerate the healing process;

[0120] ④ Wipe off the buds: Wipe off the buds on the silk cotton tree in time to avoid consuming too much nutrients, and strengthen water and fertilizer management;

[0121] ⑤ Pest and disease control: Pests are prone to occur at the grafted joint, so take timely measures to prevent and control them to avoid affecting the healing of the interface. Example 4

[0122] (1) Select a silk cotton tree with a trunk diameter of 7 to 8 cm and a trunk height of 2.5 meters below the main branch as the rootstock. The tree should have a straight trunk, a full crown, uniform side branches, no pests and diseases, vigorous growth, and a beautiful shape. Keep 5 to 8 main branches, 1 to 2 side branches, and 1 to 3 tertiary branches.

[0123] (2) Scion selection: Select Hokkaido boxwood buds that are healthy, plump, and free of pests and diseases as scions;

[0124] (3) Grafting time

[0125] mid-August;

[0126] (4) Grafting location

[0127] The silk cotton wood reserves primary branches, secondary branches and tertiary branches, wherein the primary branches are main branches, the secondary branches are side branches on the main branches, and the side branches are tertiary branches. Starting from the top of each level of branches, grafting is performed every 20 to 30 cm downwards. The scions are evenly arranged from top to bottom along the circumference of each level of branches, and the scions are sealed and tied with a grafting film.

[0128] The main branches (first-level branches) and side branches (second-level branches) use "T" budding; the third-level branches use close budding;

[0129] Bud grafting

[0130] Cutting the anvil: Choose a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, cut a horizontal cut downwards, deep into the wood, and then cut a vertical cut along the wood from top to bottom 2.5 cm above the horizontal cut to remove the peel;

[0131] Bud cutting: First, make a horizontal cut 1 cm below the scion, and then make a vertical cut along the wood 1 cm above the bud, and remove the bud. The size of the bud should be the same as the peeling size of the rootstock.

[0132] Binding: stick the scion bud to the cut part of the silk cotton wood, align the cambium of the two, and use the grafting film to completely seal and bind the entire scion;

[0133] In early spring, the buds should be sealed together in the grafting film when tying; in autumn, the buds should be cut to leave a 1 cm long petiole, and the buds and petioles should be exposed when tying;

[0134] “T” budding

[0135] Stock cutting method: First, make a horizontal cut at a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, and then make a downward cut from the middle of the horizontal line into the wood to form a "T" shape. Then, use the tip of the knife to slightly open the bark from the longitudinal cut to both sides.

[0136] Bud removal method: Select a full bud on the scion branch, make a slanting cut below the bud, go deep into the wood, then make a slanting cut above the bud to the wood, and then make a smooth and even cut from top to bottom to cut off the bud. If there is wood on the bud, remove it.

[0137] Joining: Pinch the grafted bud between your thumb and index finger, place the bud in the middle of the cross-cut of the rootstock, align it with the longitudinal cut, and slowly insert it from top to bottom until the upper end of the bud is just flush with the cross-cut line of the rootstock. Use the grafting film to wrap a circle under the grafted bud, then wrap it above the grafted bud, wrap it 2 to 3 times up and down, cover the incision, and expose the bud tip. The tightness should be appropriate when wrapping.

[0138] (5) Maintenance after grafting

[0139] ① Unbinding: After grafting in autumn, unbind after the Euonymus japonicus and the silk cotton wood have completely healed in the spring of the following year. Unbinding should not be too early or too late. After the grafting survives, cut off the silk cotton wood branches above the grafting site;

[0140] ② Reinforcement: Use string and sticks to reinforce the scion to prevent damage from strong wind, hail, etc.;

[0141] ③ Pinching: When the new branches grow to about 15 to 20 cm, they should be pinched in time to promote the growth of side branches and accelerate the healing process;

[0142] ④ Wipe off the buds: Wipe off the buds on the silk cotton tree in time to avoid consuming too much nutrients, and strengthen water and fertilizer management;

[0143] ⑤ Pest and disease control: Pests are prone to occur at the grafted joint, so take timely measures to prevent and control them to avoid affecting the healing of the interface. Example 5

[0144] A special healing agent for grafting, the raw materials of which include, by weight, 20 parts of animal oil, 7 parts of 2-propylene acrylic acid, 5 parts of zhongshengmycin, 10 parts of 6-BA, 7 parts of guanine and 8 parts of OP-10.

[0145] The preparation method of the special grafting healing agent comprises the following steps:

[0146] A. Grind 2-propylene acrylic acid, Zhongshengmycin, 6-BA and guanine into powders by a grinder respectively, and then put them into a powder mixer for mixing to obtain a mixed material 1;

[0147] B. Mixing animal oil and OP-10 in a V-type mixer to obtain mixed material 2;

[0148] C. Put the mixed material 1 and the mixed material 2 into a horizontal ribbon mixer, and after mixing, obtain a paste-like special healing agent for grafting. Example 6

[0149] A special healing agent for grafting, the raw materials of which include, by weight, 25 parts of animal oil, 9 parts of 2-propylene acrylic acid, 7 parts of zhongshengmycin, 12 parts of 6-BA, 8 parts of guanine and 10 parts of OP-10.

[0150] The preparation method of the special grafting healing agent comprises the following steps:

[0151] A. Grind 2-propylene acrylic acid, Zhongshengmycin, 6-BA and guanine into powders by a grinder respectively, and then put them into a powder mixer for mixing to obtain a mixed material 1;

[0152] B. Mixing animal oil and OP-10 in a V-type mixer to obtain mixed material 2;

[0153] C. Put the mixed material 1 and the mixed material 2 into a horizontal ribbon mixer, and after mixing, obtain a paste-like special healing agent for grafting. Example 7

[0154] A special healing agent for grafting, the raw materials of which include, by weight, 20-30 parts of animal oil, 10 parts of 2-propylene acrylic acid, 8 parts of zhongshengmycin, 15 parts of 6-BA, 10 parts of guanine and 12 parts of OP-10.

[0155] The preparation method of the special grafting healing agent comprises the following steps:

[0156] A. Grind 2-propylene acrylic acid, Zhongshengmycin, 6-BA and guanine into powders by a grinder respectively, and then put them into a powder mixer for mixing to obtain a mixed material 1;

[0157] B. Mixing animal oil and OP-10 in a V-type mixer to obtain mixed material 2;

[0158] C. Put the mixed material 1 and the mixed material 2 into a horizontal ribbon mixer, and after mixing, obtain a paste-like special healing agent for grafting.

[0159] Four test fields were selected in Dongbijia Village, Yuhe Street, Weicheng District, Weifang City, and 1,500 silk cotton trees meeting the grafting requirements were planted respectively, and grafting was performed according to the grafting methods in Examples 1-4, wherein 300 trees in each example were selected without applying any grafting-specific healing agent as a blank experiment, and 300 trees were selected to apply the grafting-specific healing agent in Example 5, 300 trees were selected to apply the grafting-specific healing agent in Example 6, 300 trees were selected to apply the grafting-specific healing agent in Example 7, and the remaining 300 trees were applied with the Guoguang-Hutu fungicide produced by Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd. The type, amount and number of fertilization were the same, and the survival rate after one year of grafting (more than two scions failed to survive, indicating grafting failure) was statistically calculated as follows:

[0160]

[0161] From the data in the table, it can be seen that after one year of cultivation, the grafting survival rate of plants that did not use any special grafting healing agent was no more than 31.7%, the grafting survival rate of plants that used the Guoguang-Hutu fungicide produced by Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd. reached more than 69%, and the grafting survival rate of plants that used the special grafting healing agent of the present invention reached more than 80.3%, and the spring grafting survival rate was much higher than that in autumn. At the same time, the grafting method of the present invention grafts the main branches, side branches and tertiary side branches at the same time, and the amount of scions is large, which is convenient for rapid shaping. In addition, one or more grafting methods such as bark grafting, bud grafting, and "T" bud grafting are adopted for different seasons and different branching conditions, which improves the survival rate of the scions. Regardless of whether the special grafting healing agent is applied, the crowns of the surviving plants are complete and uniform after one year, and all meet the standards of landscape trees.

[0162] It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application.

Claims

1. A method for rapid prototyping of silk cotton wood grafted with Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) Rootstock selection Select silk cottonwood plants with straight trunks, full crowns, even lateral branches, no pests and diseases, vigorous growth, and beautiful shapes as rootstocks; (2) Scion selection In spring, one-year-old Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus branches and buds that are healthy, have full buds, and are free of pests and diseases are selected as scions. In autumn, Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus buds that are healthy, have full buds, and are free of pests and diseases are selected as scions. (3) Grafting time Grafting time can be divided into spring and autumn; ① Spring grafting: Grafting is done when the silk cotton tree begins to sprout, and the best time is from mid-March to early April each year; ② Autumn grafting: It is best to graft buds that do not germinate and can form callus tissue in the same year. The best time is August to September each year; (4) Grafting location The silk cotton tree reserves primary branches, secondary branches and tertiary branches, wherein the primary branches are the main branches, the secondary branches are the side branches on the main branches, and the side branches are the tertiary branches. Starting from the top of each level of branches, the grafting is carried out every 20 to 30 cm downwards, and the scion is sealed and tied with a grafting film; (5) Post-grafting maintenance ① Unbinding: Unbinding is done when the grafted part is completely healed and the callus tissue grows well; ② Reinforcement: Use string and sticks to reinforce the scion to prevent damage from strong wind, hail, etc.; ③ Pinching: When the new branches grow to about 15 to 20 cm, they should be pinched in time to promote the growth of side branches and accelerate the healing process; ④ Wipe off the buds: Wipe off the buds on the silk cotton tree in time to avoid consuming too much nutrients, and strengthen water and fertilizer management; ⑤ Pest and disease control: Pests are prone to occur at the grafting joint, so timely control should be carried out to avoid affecting the healing of the interface; After the grafting film is removed, a grafting special healing agent needs to be applied to the joint between the rootstock and the scion, wherein the components of the grafting special healing agent are animal oil, 2-propylene acrylic acid, Zhongshengmycin, 6-BA, guanine and OP-10; The raw materials of the special grafting healing agent include, by weight, 20-30 parts of animal oil, 7-10 parts of 2-propylene acrylic acid, 5-8 parts of Zhongshengmycin, 10-15 parts of 6-BA, 7-10 parts of guanine and 8-12 parts of OP-10.

2. The method for rapid prototyping of silk cotton wood grafted with Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rootstock should retain 5 to 8 main branches, 1 to 2 side branches, and 1 to 3 tertiary branches.

3. The method for rapid prototyping of silk cotton wood grafted with Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the scions are evenly arranged along the circumference of the branches at each level.

4. The method for rapid prototyping of silk cotton wood grafted with Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), the grafting can be untied after 20 to 30 days in spring; in autumn, the petiole will fall off at the touch of a finger after 7 days, indicating that the grafting has been successful and can be untied.

5. The method for rapid prototyping of silk cotton wood grafted with Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Grafting adopts one or more of the following methods: bark grafting, bud grafting, and "T" bud grafting; Plug The scion is trimmed into 3-5 cm, leaving 1-2 pairs of buds, with the upper end flat, the bud tip 0.3-0.5 cm away from the top, the lower end is cut into a 1-2 cm long bevel, and the opposite side is cut into a short bevel, so that the lower end is wedge-shaped, use a grafting knife to select a smooth part of the grafting site of the silk cotton wood to cut a "T" shape, go deep into the cambium, use the tip of the knife to slightly pry open the cortex, insert the scion, and keep the long bevel close to the cambium of the silk cotton wood. Wrap the entire scion tightly with a grafting film to maintain humidity; Bud grafting Cutting the anvil: Choose a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, cut a horizontal cut downwards, deep into the wood, and then cut a vertical cut along the wood from top to bottom 2.5 cm above the horizontal cut to remove the peel; Bud cutting: First, make a horizontal cut 1 cm below the scion, and then make a vertical cut along the wood 1 cm above the bud, and remove the bud. The size of the bud should be the same as the peeling size of the rootstock. Binding: stick the scion bud to the cut part of the silk cotton wood, align the cambium of the two, and use the grafting film to completely seal and bind the entire scion; In early spring, the buds should be sealed together in the grafting film when tying; in autumn, the buds should be cut to leave a 1 cm long petiole, and the buds and petioles should be exposed when tying; "T" budding Stock cutting method: First, make a horizontal cut at a smooth part of the grafted part of the silk cotton wood, and then make a downward cut from the middle of the horizontal line into the wood to form a "T" shape. Then, use the tip of the knife to slightly open the bark from the longitudinal cut to both sides. Bud removal method: Select a full bud on the scion branch, make a slanting cut below the bud, go deep into the wood, then make a slanting cut above the bud to the wood, and then make a smooth and even cut from top to bottom to cut off the bud. If there is wood on the bud, remove it. Joining: Pinch the grafted bud between your thumb and index finger, place the bud in the middle of the cross-cut of the rootstock, align it with the longitudinal cut, and slowly insert it from top to bottom until the upper end of the bud is just flush with the cross-cut line of the rootstock. Use the grafting film to wrap a circle under the grafted bud, then wrap it above the grafted bud, wrap it 2 to 3 times up and down, cover the incision, and expose the bud tip. The tightness should be appropriate when wrapping.

6. The method for rapid prototyping of silk cotton wood grafted with Hokkaido boxwood and Jiaodong euonymus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the special grafting healing agent comprises the following steps: A. Grind 2-propylene acrylic acid, Zhongshengmycin, 6-BA and guanine into powders by a grinder respectively, and then put them into a powder mixer for mixing to obtain a mixed material 1; B. Mixing animal oil and OP-10 in a V-type mixer to obtain mixed material 2; C. Put the mixed material 1 and the mixed material 2 into a horizontal ribbon mixer, and after mixing, obtain a paste-like special healing agent for grafting.

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