Pest monitoring device

Abstract

A pest monitoring device is disclosed. The pest monitoring device includes a housing, an optical sensor configured to generate optical data relating to an interior surface within the housing, and a processor in communication with the optical sensor. The processor is configured to receive optical data from the optical sensor, select optical data relating to at least one section of the interior surface, the optical data relating to the at least one section arranged as a plurality of pixels. The processor is further configured to assess whether the optical data corresponding to the at least one section satisfies a predetermined condition associated with the interior surface by counting a number of pixels in the plurality of pixels that indicate a light intensity below a predetermined intensity value and determining whether the number of pixels with light intensity below the predetermined intensity limit is greater than or equal to a predetermined pixel threshold. The processor is further configured to determine whether there is evidence of a pest on the interior surface based on whether the optical data corresponding to the at least one section satisfies the predetermined condition associated with the interior surface. A method of monitoring a pest trap is also disclosed.

Description

[0001] This invention relates to a pest monitoring device and a method for monitoring pest traps. Background Technology

[0002] Pests are a term used to describe unpleasant animals or insects. Examples of pests can include rodents, flies, cockroaches, and bedbugs. In home and business environments, pests can be unpleasant, unsightly, and / or pose health risks. They are often difficult to detect without direct contact. Furthermore, common pests (such as fleas, cockroaches, and bedbugs) are nocturnal, further reducing their chances of being detected by human contact. Therefore, traps are known to be installed to detect various pests. These traps are designed to capture pests, making their detection an indication of pest infestation.

[0003] Owners of residential and commercial environments typically take steps to continuously monitor their properties to identify pest problems. Larger commercial establishments, such as hotels, may particularly seek pest monitoring as a preventative measure. This allows them to detect potential infestations early, reducing the cost of pest eradication.

[0004] Depending on the size of the house, multiple detection devices are typically installed. Previously, pest traps had to be manually inspected to check for the presence of pests. This required at least one user to regularly check all the traps in the house, which was time-consuming. Furthermore, even empty traps had to be checked, as there was no way to know if pests were inside.

[0005] Therefore, monitoring devices are often used inside pest traps to eliminate the need to check traps that may be empty. However, continuous monitoring of pest traps can be very power-intensive. This often requires the pest trap to be plugged into an outlet to meet high power demands. This means the trap cannot be placed in the most suitable location for catching pests.

[0006] Alternatively, some devices can be battery-powered. However, high power requirements mean that batteries must be replaced regularly. This increases costs for end users.

[0007] WO 2016 / 130182 A1 discloses an automated insect monitoring system, which includes a shell, an internal chamber within the shell, and a light source arranged within the shell to illuminate at least a portion of the bottom plate surface of the internal chamber.

[0008] WO 2019 / 138242 A1 discloses a networked detection system that uses a camera system to detect the presence of pests. In this system, reference data associated with a target pest is used to detect its presence. This can be very power-intensive (e.g., requiring high storage capacity). Summary of the Invention

[0009] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a pest monitoring device is provided, the pest monitoring device comprising a housing, an inner surface of the housing; an optical sensor configured to generate optical data relating to the inner surface of the housing; and a processor communicating with the optical sensor.

[0010] In one embodiment, the processor is configured to: receive optical data from the optical sensor; select optical data associated with at least one segment of the inner surface; and arrange the optical data associated with the at least one segment into a plurality of pixels or pixel blocks. The processor may further evaluate whether the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment satisfies predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface by: (1) counting the number of pixels among the plurality of pixels indicating light intensity below a predetermined intensity value; (2) determining whether the number of pixels with light intensity below the predetermined intensity limit is greater than or equal to a predetermined pixel threshold; and (3) determining whether there are signs of pests on the inner surface based on whether the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment satisfies predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface. Suitably, the inner surface includes a sticky or adhesive material thereon for securing pests. Alternatively, the surface includes a trap.

[0011] According to a second aspect of the invention, a pest trap including the device described herein is provided.

[0012] According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided an assembly for providing a pest monitoring device, the assembly comprising: a first housing having an inner surface thereon for receiving pests; a second housing having an inner surface thereon for receiving pests; and a shell, wherein the shell is configured such that, in use, the shell can be releasably coupled to the first housing or the second housing.

[0013] Suitably, the housing houses: an optical sensor configured to generate optical data relating to an inner surface within the first housing or the second housing; and a processor communicating with the optical sensor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive optical data from the optical sensor; and select optical data relating to at least one segment of the inner surface of the first housing or the second housing.

[0014] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a method for monitoring a pest trap is provided, the method comprising: generating optical data associated with an inner surface within a housing; selecting optical data associated with at least one segment of the inner surface, the optical data associated with the at least one segment being arranged as a plurality of pixels; evaluating whether the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment satisfies predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface of the housing by: counting the number of pixels among the plurality of pixels indicating light intensity below a predetermined intensity value; determining whether the number of pixels with light intensity below a predetermined intensity limit is greater than or equal to a predetermined pixel threshold; and determining whether there are signs of pests on the inner surface within the housing based on whether the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment satisfies predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface.

[0015] Suitablely, the method of the fourth aspect of the invention is performed using the apparatus of the first aspect of the invention.

[0016] Certain aspects of the present invention offer the advantage that, compared to known systems, the pest monitoring device has lower processing requirements, thus reducing power consumption. In some respects, this allows for increased mobility of the pest monitoring device, as it is not limited by mains power connection or periodic battery replacements due to reduced power consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Examples of the invention will now be described below by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1a and Figure 1b A floor plan (transparent view and exploded view) of an example pest monitoring device is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an example pest monitoring device is shown;

[0020] Figure 3a and Figure 3b Cross-sectional and plan views of an example pest monitoring device in use are shown;

[0021] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating an example method for monitoring pest traps;

[0022] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating another example method for monitoring pest traps;

[0023] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating another example method for monitoring pest traps;

[0024] Figure 7A flowchart illustrating another example method for monitoring pest traps;

[0025] Figure 7a A flowchart illustrating another example method for monitoring pest traps;

[0026] Figure 8 , Figure 9a , Figure 9b , Figure 10a and Figure 10b Floor plans showing other examples of pest monitoring equipment; and

[0027] Figure 11 and Figure 12 The floor plan and side view (transparent) of the example pest monitoring device are shown respectively.

[0028] In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0029] The term 'pesticide' as used in this article is used to describe unpleasant animals or insects. Examples of pests may include (but are not limited to) rodents, flies, fleas, cockroaches, and bedbugs.

[0030] As used herein, the term 'shell' refers to a container having a substantially enclosed inner surface. For example, a shell may include a boundary wall assembly that surrounds / definitively defines the inner surface (e.g., a base) between them.

[0031] As used in this article, the term 'segment of a surface' or 'segment of an inner surface' refers to a portion or region of a surface. For example, a segment of a surface could refer to the field of view of an optical sensor facing that surface (or the field of view of the pixels of a multi-pixel optical sensor).

[0032] As used herein, the term 'block' refers to a discretized block or set (subset) of optical data associated with a surface or internal surface, received from an optical sensor pointing towards the surface or internal surface. For example, a processor may be configured to discretize the received surface-associated optical data into multiple discretized blocks or sets, each block comprising optical data corresponding to a separate segment of the surface, wherein the optical data associated with a segment of the surface may include multiple pixels.

[0033] As used herein, the term 'predetermined conditions associated with an inner surface' means that the predetermined conditions relate to the properties or state of the surface itself, rather than pests on it (or more specifically, the expected properties or state of a surface on which no pests are present). For example, predetermined conditions may relate to the expected intensity of light reflected from the surface for a given ambient light / applied light (e.g., predetermined conditions may relate to the number of pixels below the expected light intensity).

[0034] As used in this article, 'signs of presence of pests on the surface' are suggestive / assertional statements of the presence of pests supported by corresponding optical data, rather than definitive conclusions that pests are present on the inner surface.

[0035] The term 'monitoring component' used in this article for operating pest monitoring equipment refers to a device used to detect pests within the pest monitoring equipment. For example, a device for detecting pests may include the processor, optical sensor, power supply, and LEDs of the pest monitoring equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0036] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a pest monitoring device is provided, the pest monitoring device comprising a housing, an inner surface of the housing; an optical sensor configured to generate optical data relating to the inner surface of the housing; and a processor communicating with the optical sensor.

[0037] Suitablely, the processor is configured to discretize the received optical data into a plurality of discretized blocks, each discretized block including optical data corresponding to a separate segment of the inner surface. Preferably, the processor is further configured to evaluate whether the optical data corresponding to the plurality of segments of the inner surface satisfies predetermined conditions.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the processor is configured to determine whether there are signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface within the housing by: determining whether there are multiple adjacent segments, each of which has corresponding optical data that meets predetermined conditions; and determining whether the multiple adjacent segments contain a number of segments greater than or equal to a predetermined segment threshold.

[0039] In another embodiment, the device includes a communication means configured to transmit information to an external receiver, wherein the processor is configured to instruct the communication means to transmit information to the external receiver when signs of a pest are detected.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the transmitted information includes optical data corresponding to segments of the inner surface from which signs of pests have been identified. The optical data may include images of the surface being inquired about.

[0041] In another embodiment, the processor is further configured to assign an indication that optical data corresponding to the at least one segment has satisfied predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface.

[0042] In another embodiment, the processor is further configured to assign an indication that the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment has met a predetermined condition associated with the inner surface only if the at least one segment is one of a plurality of adjacent segments whose optical data meets the predetermined condition associated with the inner surface and thereby identifies signs of the presence of harmful organisms on the inner surface.

[0043] In another embodiment, the processor is further configured to receive additional optical data from an optical sensor; select at least one segment of the inner surface for which the optical sensor has generated additional optical data arranged as a plurality of pixels; and determine whether there is an indication that the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment has previously satisfied predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface. Thus, it is possible to evaluate whether the additional optical data corresponding to at least one segment of the inner surface satisfies predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface. In one embodiment, such evaluation is performed only if there is no indication that the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment has previously satisfied predetermined conditions. After the evaluation is completed, it is determined whether there are signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface based on the evaluation.

[0044] In one embodiment, the optical data includes light intensity.

[0045] In another embodiment, the device further includes a controller configured to switch the device between an active mode and a standby mode.

[0046] In a further embodiment, the optical sensor and processor are releasably coupled to the housing. Preferably, the device further includes a housing in which the optical sensor and the processor are at least partially housed, wherein the housing is releasably coupled to the housing.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the device further includes a battery as a power source.

[0048] According to a second aspect of the invention, a pest trap including the device described herein is provided.

[0049] According to a third aspect of the invention, an assembly of components for providing the pest monitoring device described herein is provided. In one embodiment, optical data received by a processor in the assembly is associated with at least one segment of the inner surface of a first or second housing of the assembly, the at least one segment being arranged as a plurality of pixels; whether the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment satisfies predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface of the first or second housing is evaluated by: counting the number of pixels among the plurality of pixels indicating light intensity below a predetermined intensity value; and determining whether the number of pixels with light intensity below a predetermined intensity limit is greater than or equal to a predetermined pixel threshold; and determining whether there are signs of pests on the inner surface of the first or second housing based on whether the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment satisfies the predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface of the first or second housing.

[0050] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a method for monitoring pest traps is provided. Suitably, the method of the fourth aspect of the invention is performed using the apparatus of the first aspect of the invention.

[0051] In one embodiment, the method includes the step of discretizing the optical data into a plurality of discretized blocks, each discretized block including optical data corresponding to a separate segment of the inner surface.

[0052] In another embodiment, the step of evaluating whether optical data corresponding to multiple segments of the inner surface meets the predetermined conditions.

[0053] In another embodiment, the step of determining whether there are signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface within the housing based on the assessment includes: determining whether there are multiple adjacent segments in which each segment has corresponding optical data that satisfies the predetermined conditions; and determining whether the multiple adjacent segments contain a number of segments greater than or equal to a predetermined segment threshold.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the method includes the step of transmitting information to an external receiver when signs of a harmful organism are identified.

[0055] Additionally, preferably, the transmitted information includes optical data corresponding to segments from which signs of pests have been identified. Most preferably, an image of the surface is transmitted.

[0056] In one embodiment, the method further includes the step of assigning an indication that the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment has met the predetermined conditions.

[0057] In another embodiment, an indication that the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment has met the predetermined condition is assigned only if the at least one segment is one of a plurality of adjacent segments whose optical data all meet the predetermined condition and from which signs of harmful organisms are determined to be present on the inner surface.

[0058] In another embodiment, the method includes the steps of: generating additional optical data associated with the inner surface; selecting at least one segment of the inner surface for which additional optical data has been generated; determining whether there is an indication that the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment has previously met the predetermined condition; evaluating whether the additional optical data corresponding to the at least one segment of the inner surface meets the predetermined condition only if there is no indication that the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment has previously met the predetermined condition; and determining, based on the evaluation, whether there are signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface within the housing.

[0059] In another embodiment, additional optical data corresponding to at least one segment of the inner surface is evaluated to determine whether predetermined conditions are met, and optical information is transmitted to an external receiver only if the indication from the optical data indicates that the number of segments meeting the predetermined conditions is greater than the number of segments that have previously met the predetermined conditions.

[0060] In another embodiment, an indication that the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment has met the predetermined condition is assigned only if the at least one segment is one of a plurality of adjacent segments whose optical data all meet the predetermined condition and from which signs of harmful organisms are determined to be present on the inner surface.

[0061] Figure 1a and Figure 1b An example of a pest monitoring device 100 according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The image shows a schematic illustration of a pest monitoring device 100. Figure 3a and Figure 3b 100 pest monitoring devices in use were displayed.

[0062] The pest monitoring device 100 includes a housing 102. An inner surface 104 is defined within the housing 102 for receiving / containing pests thereon. Generally, the inner surface 104 can be any surface contained within the housing 102 (i.e., located within the boundary walls of the housing 102). For example, the inner surface 104 can form part of the base or wall of the housing 102 (in this example, the inner surface 104 is the base portion of the housing 102). The inner surface 104 can be configured in any suitable manner; for example, the inner surface 104 can be flat or curved / sloping (e.g., a trap).

[0063] The outer casing 102 is configured to allow pests to enter it. In this way, pests can enter the outer casing 102 and approach the inner surface 104. In this example, the outer casing 102 includes two entrances 116 located on opposite sides of the outer casing 102 to allow pests to enter from either side. The entrances 116 allow access to the interior of the outer casing 102, and therefore also allow access to the inner surface 104.

[0064] The inlet 116 can be configured in any suitable manner depending on the type of pest monitored by the pest monitoring device 100. Generally, a wider inlet (e.g., substantially spanning the width or length of the housing 102) and tapering towards the inner surface 104 can be used to maximize the possibility of entry. However, a narrower inlet may also be used. The path from the inlet 116 to the inner surface 104 can be configured in any suitable manner. For example, the path from the inlet to the inner surface 104 can be flat or sloping (upward or downward towards the inner surface 104).

[0065] like Figure 3a and Figure 3b As best illustrated, the pest monitoring device 100 further includes an optical sensor 106 configured to generate optical data relating to an inner surface 104 within the housing 102. In this example, the optical data generated by the optical sensor 106 includes the intensity of light reflected from the inner surface 104 toward the optical sensor.

[0066] In this example, the optical sensor 106 includes a camera arrangement facing the inner surface 104. In this example, the camera arrangement includes a multi-pixel camera, such that optical data is arranged as a plurality of pixels.

[0067] In this example, the pest monitoring device 100 further includes an illumination device configured to illuminate the inner surface 104 and assist in generating optical data. In this example, the illumination device is an LED 108. The LED 108 can be configured to generate white light or light of a specific wavelength (e.g., 530 nm). However, in other examples, the pest monitoring device 100 may rely solely on ambient light.

[0068] In this example (e.g.) Figure 3a and Figure 3b(Best shown in the diagram), the inner surface 104 includes thereon an adhesive or sticky substance or substrate 110 (e.g., an adhesive pad or plywood) for securing pests. In one embodiment, the adhesive layer of the substrate 110 may be covered with release paper for packaging and transport purposes. The release paper is removed before use to expose the adhesive layer, allowing pests to come into contact with and be trapped. In another embodiment, the adhesive substrate 110 (adhesive pad or plywood) is disposable. In this embodiment, the disposable plywood is replaced periodically to ensure the continued effectiveness of the pest monitoring device 100 and to dispose of pests secured thereto. The substrate 110 coated with an adhesive or sticky substance may include, for example, an adhesive or adhesive composition, which is a pressure-sensitive adhesive, including water-based resins or hot-melt adhesives. In some embodiments, for example, the adhesive is an acrylic polymer, butyl rubber, natural rubber, nitrile, silicone, styrene block copolymer, styrene-ethylene / propylene, styrene-isoprene-styrene and / or vinyl ether adhesive or a mixture thereof.

[0069] In another embodiment, the inner surface 104 includes a trap (not shown) to replace or supplement the substrate 110 for trapping pests. The basic component of the trap is a container or pit whose inner wall cannot be climbed by pests. For example, a pest falling into the trap will not be able to escape because it cannot climb the inner wall.

[0070] In this example, the substrate 110 (and / or trap) is located in the field of view 111 of the optical sensor 106 to hold the pest in a suitable position.

[0071] The pest monitoring device 100 further includes a processor 112 that communicates with an optical sensor 106. The processor is configured to receive optical data from the optical sensor 106.

[0072] In this example, the pest monitoring device 100 includes a power supply 114. In this example, a single power source is provided for all powered components (e.g., processor 112, optical sensor 106, LED 108). In this example, the power source is a battery (e.g., AA battery), which eliminates the pest monitoring device 100's dependence on mains power. Therefore, the pest monitoring device 100 can be placed in the most suitable area to capture pests, rather than simply being placed where mains power is available.

[0073] In this example, the 'monitoring components' (e.g., optical sensor 106, LED 108, processor 112, power supply 114) for operating the pest monitoring device 100 are at least partially located / received within the housing 120, separate from but coupled to the outer casing 102. Figure 3aAs best shown, housing 120 includes a gap or window 128 configured to allow access to housing 102 (e.g., optical sensor 106 and LED 108 can view inner surface 104 through window 128).

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, in the general use of the pest monitoring device 100, the optical sensor 106 generates optical data related to the inner surface (step 1000). The optical data is transmitted to the processor 112 (step 1002), which then analyzes the data (step 1004) to determine, based on the optical data, whether there are signs of pests on the inner surface 104 (step 1006).

[0075] Figure 5 A method for monitoring pests using a pest monitoring device 100 is demonstrated. An optical sensor 106 generates optical data associated with an inner surface (step 2000). The optical data is passed to a processor 112 (step 2002), which selects optical data associated with a segment of the inner surface (step 2003). In this example, the optical data associated with the segment includes multiple pixels. The processor 112 analyzes the optical data associated with the segment (step 2004) and then determines, based on the analysis, whether there are signs of pests on the inner surface (step 2006).

[0076] In some examples, processor 112 can determine the presence of signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface within the housing based on whether optical data corresponding to more than one segment meets predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface. That is, after analyzing the optical data of the first segment, processor 112 may select to analyze the optical data associated with another segment. This process can be repeated (e.g., until the optical data associated with all segments in the optical dataset / image has been analyzed) before determining the likelihood or signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface (as indicated by arrow 2100).

[0077] In this example, processor 112 analyzes optical data to evaluate whether the optical data corresponding to the segment (or each segment in turn) meets predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface.

[0078] In this example, the predetermined conditions generally relate to the expected light intensity reflected from the surface when no harmful organisms are present. The reflected light can be ambient light or light from LED 108 (see, for example, light extending from LED 108 to surface 110, such as...). Figure 11 Shadow pyramid or Figure 12 (As shown in the shaded triangle). In this example, the processor evaluates whether the predetermined condition is met by counting 'dark' pixels (i.e., pixels that are darker than the expected pixels on the inner surface).

[0079] Specifically, the processor 112 first counts the number of pixels among a plurality of pixels whose indicator light intensity is lower than a predetermined intensity value (i.e., an intensity value corresponding to the expected intensity value when no harmful organisms are present). For example, approximately 10% of the full intensity.

[0080] Next, the processor 112 determines whether the number of pixels with light intensity below a predetermined intensity limit is greater than or equal to a predetermined pixel threshold. For example, approximately 80% of the total number of pixels in the corresponding block.

[0081] In another embodiment, the processor assesses whether predetermined conditions are met by counting 'bright' pixels (i.e., pixels brighter than expected pixels on the inner surface) relative to the expected light intensity reflected from the surface when no pests are present, in order to accommodate pests with bright or reflective surfaces.

[0082] In this embodiment, the processor 112 first counts the number of pixels among a plurality of pixels whose light intensity indicates a value higher than a predetermined intensity value (i.e., an intensity value corresponding to the expected intensity value when no harmful organisms are present). For example, approximately 90% of the full intensity.

[0083] Secondly, in an alternative embodiment, the processor 112 determines whether the number of pixels with light intensity exceeding a predetermined intensity limit is greater than or equal to a predetermined pixel threshold. For example, approximately 20% of the total number of pixels in the corresponding block.

[0084] Based on whether the optical data corresponding to the segment meets predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface, processor 112 determines whether there are signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface (step 2006). Although the following description is provided based on predetermined conditions where the light intensity is below a predetermined intensity, it should be understood that similar steps can be described in detail to be applied to the alternative embodiments described above (i.e., where the light intensity is above a predetermined intensity).

[0085] In a general sense, if the optical data associated with a segment meets predetermined conditions, the processor 112 can determine that there are signs of a pest (conversely, if the predetermined conditions are not met, the processor can determine that there are no signs of a pest). However, in this example, the processor 112 determines whether there are signs of a pest on the inner surface by first determining whether there are multiple adjacent segments, each of which has corresponding optical data that meets predetermined conditions; and then determining whether the multiple adjacent segments contain a number of segments greater than or equal to a predetermined segment threshold. It should be understood that a suitable block threshold for determining the presence of signs of a pest can depend on the resolution (i.e., pixel size) of the optical sensor, the field of view, and the pest being monitored. For example, for smaller pests, the block threshold could be about 4 blocks, and for larger pests, the block threshold could be about 20 blocks.

[0086] The process of generating, analyzing, and determining data can be repeated periodically to check for the arrival of other harmful organisms (see arrow 2200).

[0087] Figure 6 Showing Figure 5 An example implementation of the method. Initially, the pest monitoring device 100 is turned on (step 1), and pests enter the housing 102. Optical data is generated (step 2000), and by detecting (multiple) 'dark' segments, the pest monitoring device determines, based on the optical data, the presence of signs of pests on the inner surface (step 2006, intermediate step 2004 not shown).

[0088] In this example, once signs of pests are detected on the inner surface, information about the signs of pests is transmitted to an external receiver 126 (step 2009). In this example, the pest monitoring device 100 includes a communication device 124 configured to transmit information to the external receiver 126. The processor 112 is configured to instruct the communication device 124 to transmit information to the external receiver 126 when signs of pests are detected.

[0089] The external receiver 126 can be configured to display data for visual inspection by a user. The external receiver 126 can be a central receiving hub connected to multiple pest monitoring devices 100.

[0090] The transmitted information may include optical data corresponding to segments from which signs of pests have been identified. In other examples, the transmitted information may include all optical data (i.e., an image of the inner surface).

[0091] Any suitable communication device can be used. For example, the communication device can be configured to transmit information via WiFi, Bluetooth, etc. In this example, the communication device includes a ZigBee communication hub.

[0092] This process is repeated periodically to check for the arrival of other harmful organisms (see arrow 2200).

[0093] Figure 7 This demonstrates a method for monitoring pests using pest monitoring device 100, which roughly corresponds to Figure 5 For the sake of brevity, some details of the corresponding steps will not be repeated.

[0094] In this example, the pest monitoring device 100 has a sleep or standby mode to help minimize power consumption for better monitoring operation. That is, the pest monitoring device 100 is configured to monitor pests only intermittently to conserve battery life. In this example, the device further includes a controller 122 configured to switch the pest monitoring device 100 between an active mode (for monitoring operation) and a standby mode.

[0095] Processor 112 is configured to periodically instruct controller 122 to 'wake up' pest monitoring device 100. Figure 7 Step 2999 or Figure 7a Step 3999) – that is, switching the pest monitoring device 100 from standby mode to active mode. The cycle between monitoring operations may depend on the pest being monitored (e.g., more active pests may require more frequent monitoring) and / or the battery life of the pest monitoring device 100 (e.g., a device with a longer battery life may allow for more frequent monitoring, or less frequent monitoring may be used when the battery is depleted).

[0096] Optical sensor 106 generates optical data associated with the inner surface (step 3000). In this example, the processor is configured to discretize the received optical data into multiple discretized blocks or sets (step 3001), each block including optical data corresponding to a separate segment of the inner surface. The number of blocks can be selected based on the pest being monitored (e.g., larger blocks can be used for larger pests).

[0097] Generally, the analysis of the inner surface comes from the analysis of all data blocks (but some data blocks, such as those associated with surface segments including corners or other redundant features, may be ignored). After the discretization of the optical data, optical data blocks are selected (step 3003). Steps 3003 to 3009 can be performed as described, for example, in Embodiments 1 and 2 below.

[0098] Example 1

[0099] As in Figure 7 Further detailed description in the text Figure 5 The processor 112 evaluates whether a predetermined condition is met by counting the number of pixels in a plurality of pixels that indicate a light intensity lower than a predetermined intensity value (step 30041) and determining whether the number of pixels with light intensity lower than a predetermined intensity limit is greater than or equal to a predetermined pixel threshold (step 30042).

[0100] In this example, if a predetermined condition is met, the processor is further configured to assign an indication that the predetermined condition has been met to the block. In this example, the indication is assigned by marking the block as SET within the analysis matrix (step 3005).

[0101] The method is repeated from step 3003 to process all blocks to be analyzed, and the corresponding analysis matrix has been compiled. Once all blocks have been analyzed, the processor 112 determines, based on the analysis, from the contents of the analysis matrix whether there are signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface (step 3006). As described above, each block in the analysis matrix corresponds to optical data from a specific segment of the surface (104) that has been queried by the optical sensor (106). Therefore, optical data from adjacent or neighboring segments of the surface (104) correspond to adjacent or neighboring blocks combined in the analysis matrix.

[0102] In this example (with) Figure 5 In a similar manner to that used to determine the likelihood or indication of a pest, consider:

[0103] (1) Identify the number of “(X)” 1 ")" refers to the number of blocks in the analysis matrix that are both (i) labeled as SET (i.e., from step 3005) and (ii) adjacent to / joined with one or more other SET blocks within the analysis matrix; and

[0104] (2) (X) 1 The block threshold (B) is compared with a predetermined block threshold (B) (i.e., also known as the number of block thresholds) (see step 3006). For example, for smaller pests, the block threshold (B) may be approximately 4 SET blocks combined. For larger pests, the block threshold (B) may be approximately 20 SET blocks combined.

[0105] If it is determined that there are no signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface (i.e., (X) 1 If (B) ≤ (B)), then clear the analysis matrix for future monitoring operations (step 3008).

[0106] If signs of pests are found on the inner surface (104) (i.e., (X) 1 If (B) is true, then the optical data / image associated with such a surface is transmitted to an external receiver 126 (step 3009). After transmission (or alternatively, before / simultaneously with transmission), the data is used for identification (X). 1Blocks (i.e., those that are both (i) marked as SET (step 3005) and (ii) adjacent to / combined with one or more other SET blocks within the analysis matrix) are added to the 'ignore list'. That is, in this example, an indication that a segment meets predetermined conditions is maintained only if a segment is one of several adjacent segments from which the presence of signs of pests on the inner surface is determined. In other words, the processor is configured to assign (via the 'ignore list') specific blocks (which are associated with the optical data received from the specific segment) that contribute to determining the presence of signs of pests on the inner surface. The analysis matrix is ​​then cleared for future monitoring operations (step 3008).

[0107] In this example, the pest monitoring device 100 is then put into a dormant state, and the above process is repeated.

[0108] In further monitoring operations, once a new block is selected, the processor determines whether there is an indication that the block has previously met predetermined conditions (i.e., whether the block exists in the ignore list – step 3007). If so, the block is ignored, and the processor attempts to select another block. If not, the monitoring operation continues to step 3004. 1,2 wait.

[0109] The indication that a block has previously met predetermined conditions can ultimately be used to avoid analyzing that block during further iterations of the method, thereby reducing power consumption. In other words, the processor can analyze only the optical data associated with blocks for which no signs of pests have yet been identified. This is particularly useful when pests are moving slowly on inner surfaces or remain essentially stationary, for example, due to being attached to sticky or viscous materials.

[0110] Example 2

[0111] As in Figure 7a Further detailed description in the text Figure 5The processor 112 evaluates whether a predetermined condition is met by counting the number of pixels in a plurality of pixels that indicate a light intensity lower than a predetermined intensity value (step 40041) and determining whether the number of pixels with light intensities lower than a predetermined intensity limit is greater than or equal to a predetermined pixel threshold (step 40042). Furthermore, a classic edge detection algorithm is used to improve the robustness of the system. Therefore, the intensity difference between neighboring pixels is evaluated, and if the change is sufficiently large, it is considered an edge. In each row of the image patch (e.g., see the illustration shown in Figure 4020), only those pixels (4025) that are not only lower than the predetermined intensity limit in the sequence but are also defined by a downward edge at their left (L) end (and thus a sufficiently sharp transition from light to dark) and by an upward edge at their right (R) end (and thus a sufficiently sharp transition from dark to light) are counted.

[0112] In this embodiment, a difference constraint is used to determine whether the intensity variation is large enough to constitute an edge.

[0113] The strength limit is determined by the following equation:

[0114] Strength limit = (Minimum strength in this block) + Strength ratio * (Maximum strength in this block) - (Minimum strength in this block)

[0115] The difference limit is determined by the following equation:

[0116] Difference limit = Difference ratio * (Maximum strength in the block) - (Minimum strength in the block)

[0117] In this example, if a predetermined condition is met, the processor is further configured to assign an indication that the predetermined condition has been met to the block. In this example, the indication is assigned by marking the block as SET within the analysis matrix (step 4005).

[0118] The method is repeated from step 4003 to process all blocks to be analyzed, and the corresponding analysis matrix has been compiled. Once all blocks have been analyzed, the processor 112 determines, based on the analysis, from the contents of the analysis matrix whether there are signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface (step 4006). As described above, each block in the analysis matrix corresponds to optical data from a specific segment of the surface (104) that has been queried by the optical sensor (106). Therefore, optical data from adjacent or neighboring segments of the surface (104) corresponds to adjacent or neighboring blocks combined in the analysis matrix.

[0119] In this example (with) Figure 5 In a similar manner to that used to determine the likelihood or indication of a pest, consider:

[0120] (1) Identify the number of “(X)”1 ")" refers to the number of blocks in the analysis matrix that are both (i) labeled as SET (i.e., from step 4005) and (ii) adjacent to / joined with one or more other SET blocks within the analysis matrix; and

[0121] (2) (X) 1 The block threshold (B) is compared with a predetermined block threshold (B) (i.e., also known as the number of block thresholds) (see step 4006). For example, for smaller pests, the block threshold (B) may be approximately 4 SET blocks combined. For larger pests, the block threshold (B) may be approximately 20 SET blocks combined.

[0122] If it is determined that there are no signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface (i.e., (X) 1 If (B) ≤ (B)), then clear the analysis matrix for future monitoring operations (step 4008).

[0123] If signs of pests are found on the inner surface (104) (i.e., (X) 1 If (B) is true, then the optical data / image associated with such a surface is transmitted to an external receiver 126 (step 4009). After transmission (or alternatively, before / simultaneously with transmission), the data is used for identification (X). 1 Blocks (i.e., those that are both (i) marked as SET (step 4005) and (ii) adjacent to / combined with one or more other SET blocks within the analysis matrix) are added to the 'ignore list'. That is, in this example, an indication that a segment meets predetermined conditions is maintained only if a segment is one of several adjacent segments from which the presence of signs of pests on the inner surface is determined. In other words, the processor is configured to assign (via the 'ignore list') specific blocks (which are associated with the optical data received from the specific segment) indications that contribute to determining the presence of signs of pests on the inner surface. The analysis matrix is ​​then cleared for future monitoring operations (step 4008).

[0124] In this example, the pest monitoring device 100 is then put into a dormant state, and the above process is repeated.

[0125] In further monitoring operations, once a new block is selected, the processor determines whether there is an indication that the block has previously met predetermined conditions (i.e., whether the block exists in the ignore list – step 4007). If so, the block is ignored, and the processor attempts to select another block. If not, the monitoring operation continues to step 4004. 1,2 wait.

[0126] The indication that a block has previously met predetermined conditions can ultimately be used to avoid analyzing that block during further iterations of the method, thereby reducing power consumption. In other words, the processor can analyze only the optical data associated with blocks for which no signs of pests have yet been identified. This is particularly useful when pests are moving slowly on inner surfaces or remain essentially stationary, for example, due to being attached to sticky or viscous materials.

[0127] Example 3

[0128] In alternative embodiments, the following is followed as shown in Embodiments 1 and 2 (above). Figure 7 Steps (3003) to (3009) or Figure 7a Steps (4003) to (4009) are performed, but without an 'ignore list'. More specifically, processor 112 is configured to both store (X 1 The value of ) increases the threshold for harmful organism instances (Y), instead of using the value of X for identification. 1 ) Specific blocks are added to the 'ignore list'. For example, in steps (3003) to (3009) of embodiment 1 (i.e., where (X) 1 When the first pest is detected after steps (4003) to (4009) of Example 2, the pest instance threshold (Y) will increase from zero (no pest) to one (one pest exists).

[0129] In this example, the subsequent monitoring operation will (X) 2 The number of neighboring blocks of SET in the analysis matrix is ​​identified as (i.e., where (X) 2 )≥(B)), and also recognize (X) 2 ) is basically equal to (X) 1 (Number of SET blocks from previous monitoring operations). Even such (X) 2 Even if a block corresponds to an adjacent or neighboring segment of the surface (104) that is in a different location from the segment monitored in the previous operation, it still indicates the presence of a pest, because in this case, the pest determination is based on the total number of neighboring SET blocks, not necessarily related to their location. Therefore, even if the pest has moved to a different location on the surface (104), the pest instance threshold (Y) will remain unchanged (i.e., a pest exists). Therefore, it is not necessary to retransmit the optical data / images associated with such a surface to the external receiver 126 (step 3009) / (step 4009).

[0130] The dynamic pest instance thresholding method of Example 3 is particularly useful when pests move on the inner surface or do not remain substantially stationary, for example, due to being trapped in a trap or due to moving to different locations on the surface.

[0131] In one embodiment, the pest assessment in Example 3 is performed if additional optical data corresponding to at least one segment of the inner surface meets predetermined conditions, such as a block threshold number. The pest assessment is only performed if the indication from the optical data shows a number of segments that meet the predetermined conditions (e.g., (X...). 2 The number of segments that have already met the predetermined conditions is greater than the number of segments that have already met the predetermined conditions (e.g., (X)). 1 Only when the optical information is transmitted to the external receiver will it be transmitted.

[0132] Advantages

[0133] The above embodiments offer the advantage that the pest monitoring device monitors pests in a simpler and more energy-efficient manner than previously known devices.

[0134] For example, the evaluation of optical data uses predetermined conditions, which helps reduce the required memory and associated power consumption compared to known evaluation methods (such as evaluation based on previously generated optical data). Furthermore, the predetermined conditions are associated with the inner surface (rather than with the target pest, which would be more complex and memory-intensive due to the storage of pest-related data).

[0135] Generally, the predetermined condition involves counting pixels with light intensities below a predetermined value, rather than the more complex image processing techniques used in other systems (e.g., Haar cascades, kernel filtering, image descriptor methods, and feature transformations). Therefore, a simpler approach is adopted, involving more image processing, which is more energy-efficient.

[0136] Revise

[0137] Various modifications to the detailed design described above are possible. For example, the pest monitoring devices discussed above can be incorporated into a pest trap for capturing pests (as a supplement to pest monitoring).

[0138] In some examples, the processor can preprocess the optical data before analysis. For instance, the processor can remove (or add to an ignore list) blocks of optical data corresponding to redundant areas of the surface (such as corners).

[0139] It should be understood that the structure and configuration of pest monitoring equipment may differ from those described above. Figures 8 to 10b A variant of the pest monitoring device 100 is shown.

[0140] For example, the housing of a pest monitoring device can have any suitable number of inlets configured in any suitable manner. As an illustrative example, Figure 8The exhibition showcased a pest monitoring device 200, which includes a device with three inlets 216. 1-3 The enclosure 202. In this example, the entrances are configured differently. Specifically, the enclosure 202 includes a flat entrance 2161 and an inclined entrance 2162 (i.e., inclined upwards from the ground towards the inner surface). The enclosure 202 further includes a covered slot entrance, or trap entrance 2163, which is higher than the inner surface, such that once a pest has passed through the trap entrance 2163, the pest can be trapped inside the enclosure (or at least prevented from leaving through the same entrance). Other examples may include one or more of any of the entrance types shown.

[0141] The battery can be placed in any suitable location. As an example, Figure 9a and Figure 9b Pest monitoring devices 300 and 400 are shown respectively. In pest monitoring device 300, battery 314 is located in the upper part of the pest monitoring device (e.g., inside the housing, adjacent to the 'monitoring component'). In pest monitoring device 400, battery 414 is located in the lower part of the pest monitoring device (e.g., inside or adjacent to the housing including the inner surface). As a result, pest monitoring device 400 has a lower profile relative to pest monitoring device 300.

[0142] Depending on the pests being monitored and / or the space where the device is intended to be used, the pest monitoring equipment can be any suitable size / profile. Figure 10a and Figure 10b Pest monitoring devices 500 and 600, with different sizes and profiles, are shown. Compared to the previous examples, pest monitoring device 500 has a smaller footprint (e.g., for monitoring smaller pests). Pest monitoring device 600 has a narrow profile (e.g., for placement in confined spaces).

[0143] In other embodiments, the pest monitoring device 100 may include pheromones, chemical attractants (CO2), or other odorous materials that pests find attractive.

[0144] In some examples, there may be no sticky or adhesive material on the inner surface to restrain pests. In such examples, pests can move between monitoring operations.

[0145] In some examples, reflected light data can be received by an optical sensor via a mirror located within the housing / enclosure. That is, the mirror can be positioned to reflect light from the inner surface toward the optical sensor. Similarly, the optical sensor does not need to be located near or directly above the inner surface. This provides flexibility in placing components within pest monitoring devices.

[0146] In the example above, the monitoring component is located within a housing separate from the outer casing. However, in other examples, the outer casing may be housed within the housing or integrated with it.

[0147] In some examples, the monitoring component can be releasably coupled to the housing. In other examples, this is a result of the housing (containing the monitoring component) being releasably coupled to the enclosure. This allows the monitoring component to be used 'modularly' with a separate housing. That is, the monitoring component can be supplied as part of a modular system having one or more housings. Then, depending on the intended use of the arrangement (e.g., the pests to be detected and / or the intended location of the pest monitoring equipment), the monitoring component can be used with any of the one or more housings.

[0148] In other words, the assembly may include two or more housings, each housing having an inner surface thereon for containing pests and the aforementioned shell (or a simple device for detecting pests on the inner surface of the housing). The housings are configured such that, in use, the housings can be releasably coupled to any / each housing. For example, the assembly may include a first housing and a second housing, the first housing being sized and constructed to monitor / capture pests of a first size (e.g., cockroaches), and the second housing being sized and constructed to monitor / capture pests of a second size (e.g., bed bugs). For example, when monitoring larger pests, a larger housing may be required (i.e., the optical sensor may need to be located away from the inner surface).

[0149] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the features described with respect to any of the above embodiments can be applied interchangeably between different embodiments. For example, Figures 4 to 7 The method steps presented in the flowchart can be combined or interchanged in any suitable manner. The above embodiments are examples illustrating various features of the present invention.

[0150] Throughout this specification and claims, the words “comprising” and “including” and their variations mean “including, but not limited to”, and they are not intended (and do not) exclude other parts, additives, components, integers, or steps. Throughout this specification and claims, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context requires otherwise. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, this document should be understood to consider both the plural and the singular unless the context requires otherwise.

[0151] Features, integers, properties, compounds, chemical parts, or groups described in connection with a particular aspect, embodiment, or example of the invention should be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment, or example described herein, unless incompatible with it. All features disclosed in this document (including any appended claims, abstract, and drawings), and / or all steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except that at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive combinations. The invention is not limited to the details of any of the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this document (including any appended claims, abstract, and drawings), or to any novel step or any novel combination of steps in any method or process so disclosed.

Claims

1. A pest monitoring device, the device comprising: shell; An optical sensor configured to generate optical data relating to an inner surface within the housing; A communication device configured to transmit information to an external receiver; A battery system, wherein the pest monitoring device is powered by the battery system; The adhesive substance on the inner surface of the outer shell is configured to immobilize harmful organisms. as well as At least one processor or controller communicates with the optical sensor and the communication device, wherein the at least one processor or controller is configured to: The pest monitoring device is periodically activated, wherein the activation activates the optical sensor to capture images as optical data. Receive optical data from the optical sensor. The received optical data is discretized into multiple discretization blocks to form a preset analysis matrix. Each discretization block includes optical data corresponding to a single segment of the inner surface. A block from the plurality of discretized blocks is selected as optical data associated with at least one segment of the inner surface, and the optical data associated with the at least one segment is arranged as a plurality of pixels; The optical data corresponding to the at least one segment are evaluated to determine whether they meet predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface in the following manner: Count the number of pixels whose indicator light intensity is sufficiently different from a predetermined intensity value; and Determine whether the number of pixels whose light intensity is sufficiently different from a predetermined intensity limit is greater than or equal to a predetermined pixel threshold; Based on whether the optical data corresponding to the at least one segment meets the predetermined conditions associated with the inner surface, it is determined whether there are signs of harmful organisms on the inner surface. If signs of harmful organisms are present on the inner surface, mark the block among the plurality of discretized blocks in the preset analysis matrix. Select unanalyzed blocks from the preset analysis matrix until no blocks remain in the preset analysis matrix. If the number of marked blocks is greater than or equal to a threshold number of discrete blocks, the information is transmitted to an external receiver via the communication device. After no blocks remain in the preset analysis matrix, the pest monitoring device is put into sleep mode.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The transmitted information includes optical data corresponding to segments of the inner surface from which signs of pests have been identified.

3. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The optical data includes light intensity.

4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The optical sensor and the at least one processor or controller are releasably coupled to the housing.

5. The device as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The pest monitoring device further includes a housing, wherein the optical sensor and the at least one processor or controller are at least partially housed within the housing, wherein the housing is releasably coupled to the outer casing.

6. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The preset analysis matrix includes an ignore list of blocks from the plurality of discretized blocks, wherein at least one processor or controller is configured to determine whether a block is in the ignore list and whether a block in the ignore list has not been analyzed.

7. The device as claimed in claim 6, wherein, The at least one processor or controller is configured to add the marked block to the ignore list.

8. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The at least one processor or controller is configured to clear the image data and the data in the analysis matrix after no blocks remain in the preset analysis matrix.

9. The device of claim 1, further comprising a light source configured to illuminate the inner surface when the optical sensor captures the image.

10. A pest trap, comprising the device as described in claim 1.

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