Complexes for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infections, their preparation and use

Abstract

The present invention relates to a complex for preventing, inhibiting, or treating microbial infections, and its preparation and use. The complex comprises an active portion, a binding portion, and a water-soluble portion. The active portion is a fat-soluble saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic, and / or linear structure that can insert into or integrate into the lipid membrane of microorganisms, disrupting the lipid membrane, or encapsulating non-enveloped viruses for hydrophobic isolation. The binding portion can bind to lipid membrane components or viral surface protein domains, allowing the complex to attach to the lipid membrane or viral surface. It can also have specific targeting lipid membrane components or viral surface protein domains to impart targeting. The water-soluble portion allows the complex to be uniformly dispersed in aqueous solutions and prevents aggregation of the active portion. The complex can be prepared into various dosage forms and can be used before infection to inhibit or prevent infection by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms; after infection, it can be used to kill microorganisms in the body; and it can also be used to disinfect the environment to prevent the spread of viruses, bacteria, and fungi.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application with application number 202210483104.7, application date 2022-05-06, and invention name “Complex for preventing, preventing or treating microbial infection, preparation method and use”. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the pharmaceutical field, and more specifically, to a group of complexes capable of preventing and treating viral, bacterial and fungal infections, as well as a method for preparing the complexes, and the use of the prepared complexes in preventing and treating viral, bacterial and fungal infectious diseases. Background Art

[0003] Among the numerous microorganisms, pathogenic microorganisms that can directly cause human diseases are generally viruses, bacteria, and fungi. With the exception of a few non-enveloped viruses, the vast majority of microorganisms have lipid membranes, and the lipid membranes of microorganisms function in the same way as the cell membranes of other organisms. Structurally, they are all composed of a phospholipid bilayer, the basic scaffold of the membrane, with proteins penetrating, intercalated, and attached to the surface of the phospholipid bilayer. The outer surface of the membrane contains proteins, glycoproteins composed of a small amount of polysaccharides, and some sugars combined with lipids to form glycolipids. The lipid membrane of microorganisms is usually 7 to 8 nm in diameter and has a certain degree of fluidity. It not only acts as a barrier to create a stable internal environment for the life activities of microorganisms, but also has semipermeability or selective permeability, that is, it selectively allows substances to enter the cell through diffusion, osmosis, and active transport, thereby ensuring the normal metabolism of the cell. The present invention relates to a group of complexes and preparations that target and affect the structure and function of microbial lipid membranes or non-enveloped viral nucleocapsids.

[0004] 1. Viruses

[0005] 1.1 Enveloped and non-enveloped viruses

[0006] Viruses are the smallest infectious particles consisting of one or more nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) molecules encapsidated by a protein coat. They are non-cellular microorganisms that must replicate within susceptible living cells. Outside cells, viruses exist as particles. A structurally intact, infectious viral particle is called a virion. The viral genome is encapsidated by a protein coat called the nucleocapsid, while the protein coat is called the capsid. While the basic structure of the virion is the nucleocapsid, some viruses also possess a double lipid envelope surrounding the nucleocapsid. These viruses are called enveloped viruses, while viruses without an envelope are called naked viruses.

[0007] 1.2 Viral Envelope Structure and Function

[0008] The envelope is the cytoplasmic membrane that a virus acquires upon release from a host cell. It can also be an intracellular organelle membrane or the nuclear membrane. Therefore, the viral envelope shares certain properties of the host cell membrane, allowing the virus to exhibit a specific "tropism" for host cell membranes. The envelope contains a lipid bilayer and several proteins encoded and synthesized by the viral gene, called envelope proteins. These proteins are virus-specific and often form glycoprotein subunits with polysaccharides. These subunits are embedded within the lipid layer and appear as spike-like projections on the surface, called "spikes" or "capsid particles." These spikes, located on the surface of the virion, are highly antigenic and can selectively bind to host cell receptors, promoting fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell membrane, allowing the infectious nucleocapsid to enter the cell and cause infection. Therefore, the envelope proteins of enveloped viruses determine the infectivity of the virus, while the nucleocapsid of an enveloped virus is the core of the virus and is non-infectious when isolated, without the envelope.

[0009] 1.3 Structure and function of non-enveloped viruses

[0010] Because naked viruses lack an envelope, their nucleocapsid is the mature virus, and their infectivity is determined by the capsid protein. The capsid protein is a product of viral genes, giving the virus its inherent shape and protecting the internal nucleic acid from damage by nucleases in the external environment (such as blood). The capsid protein also plays an auxiliary role in infection. The virus's surface-specific receptor-binding protein has a special affinity for the corresponding receptor on the cell surface, which is the first step for the virus to selectively attach to host cells and establish an infection focus. The capsid protein also exhibits virus-specific antigenicity, which can stimulate the body to produce an antigenic viral immune response.

[0011] 1.4 Types of enveloped viruses

[0012] Viruses containing envelopes include influenza virus, coronavirus, HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, rabies virus, herpes virus, Ebola virus, hantavirus, dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Zika virus, etc.

[0013] The immune system relies on proteins on the cell membrane to distinguish friend from foe. Enveloped viruses, thanks to their additional lipid membrane, are recognized as friendly by the host immune system. Glycosylation of envelope proteins not only acts as an antigen shield, making vaccine development more difficult, but also spatially restructures the epitope structure.

[0014] 1.5 Coronavirus

[0015] Coronavirus: Currently, there are seven types of coronaviruses that can infect humans, namely HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. Coronaviruses are approximately 60-220nm in diameter. The virus has an envelope structure with three proteins: spike glycoprotein (S protein), small envelope glycoprotein, and membrane glycoprotein (M protein). A few species also have hemagglutinin glycoprotein (HE protein). The S protein plays a key role in recognizing and binding to host cell surface receptors and mediating the fusion of the viral envelope with the cell membrane; the M protein is involved in the formation and budding of the viral envelope; the HE protein is a short protrusion that constitutes the envelope and may be related to the early adsorption of coronaviruses. The HE protein of some coronaviruses can cause red blood cell agglutination and adsorption.

[0016] 1.6 Treatment of coronavirus

[0017] Currently, the COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutic drugs under clinical development are mainly divided into the following four categories:

[0018] First, small-molecule antiviral drugs: these include Merck's Molnupiravir, Pfizer's Paxlovid, Shionogi's Ensitrelvir, and the already marketed drugs remdesivir, lopinavir / ritonavir, and favipiravir. Although small-molecule drugs like lopinavir / ritonavir are widely used in antiviral treatments, they are not specific for treating COVID-19.

[0019] The second is anti-inflammatory drugs: multiple biological drugs are used to suppress inflammatory cytokine storms, such as Tocilizumab and Siltuximab; there are also clinical trials of some small molecule anti-inflammatory drugs, such as Baricitinib and Ruxolitinib.

[0020] Neutralizing antibodies are antibodies that bind to viruses and eliminate their ability to infect. Their mechanism of action is to alter the surface conformation of the virus, preventing it from adsorbing to susceptible cells and thus preventing it from penetrating and proliferating. The immune complexes formed by the virus and neutralizing antibodies are easily phagocytosed and cleared by macrophages.

[0021] Fourth, vaccines: including five types: recombinant protein vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines, viral vector vaccines, inactivated vaccines and live attenuated vaccines.

[0022] 1.7 Non-enveloped viruses

[0023] Non-enveloped naked viruses include hepatitis A virus, human papillomavirus, adenovirus, poliovirus, coxsackievirus, etc.

[0024] Human papillomavirus (HPV) belongs to the genus Papillomavirus in the family Papillomaviridae. It is a spherical, non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus with a diameter of 52-55 nm. The viral genome is a double-stranded circular DNA, approximately 7.8-8.0 kb, divided into an early region, a late region, and a regulatory region. The early region encodes proteins involved in viral replication, transcriptional regulation, and cellular transformation (such as E5, E6, and E7), while the late region encodes the major capsid protein L1 and the minor capsid protein L2. Over 130 types have been isolated, each causing distinct clinical manifestations. Based on the tissue site of infection, HPV can be categorized as low-risk cutaneous, high-risk cutaneous, low-risk mucosal, and high-risk mucosal types. Cutaneous HPV infection is very common, such as common warts, toe warts, and flat warts, but specific infection rates are unavailable. Of particular concern are genital warts and cervical cancer caused by high-risk HPV infection and low-risk HPV infection of the external genitalia.

[0025] HPV prevention and treatment

[0026] Internationally, there are preventative nine-valent and four-valent vaccines that protect against these four types of HPV, including HPV types 16 and 18, which can cause cervical cancer. This can reduce the incidence of cervical cancer, and some research has also shown some protection against other HPV types. However, these vaccines are ineffective for those already infected, and there is currently no effective therapeutic vaccine.

[0027] 2 Bacteria

[0028] The basic structure of bacteria includes cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleoplasm.

[0029] 2.1 Bacterial cell membrane

[0030] The bacterial cell membrane is a flexible, semipermeable membrane composed of a phospholipid bilayer intercalated with proteins. The membrane is 8 to 10 nm thick and adheres closely to the cell wall. The absence of cholesterol within the bacterial cell membrane distinguishes it from eukaryotic cell membranes. The bacterial cell membrane contains a rich system of enzymes that perform many important metabolic functions. The multifunctionality of the bacterial cell membrane is a significant characteristic that distinguishes it from other cell membranes. For example, the inner side of the cell membrane contains enzymes for electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation, performing some of the functions of eukaryotic mitochondria.

[0031] Structural characteristics of bacterial cell membranes: ① The main body of the membrane is the lipid bilayer ② The lipid bilayer has fluidity ③ Integrins can "dissolve" in the hydrophobic inner layer of the lipid bilayer because of their hydrophobic surface ④ Peripheral proteins contain hydrophilic groups on their surface, so they can be connected to the polar heads on the surface of the lipid bilayer through electrostatic attraction ⑤ There is no covalent bond between lipid molecules or between lipid and protein molecules ⑥ The lipid bilayer is like an "ocean", peripheral proteins can "float" on it, while integral proteins are like "icebergs" immersed in it and move laterally.

[0032] Physiological functions of bacterial cell membrane: ① It can selectively control the transport of nutrients and metabolic products inside and outside the cell; ② It is a structural barrier to maintain normal osmotic pressure in the cell; ③ It is an important place for synthesizing cell walls and sugar-related components (such as peptidoglycan, teichoic acid, LPS and capsular polysaccharides, etc.); ④ The membrane contains enzyme systems related to energy metabolism such as oxidative phosphorylation or photosynthetic phosphorylation, so it is the cell's energy production base; ⑤ It is the attachment site of the flagellar body and can provide the energy required for the flagella's rotational movement.

[0033] 2.2 Bacterial cell wall

[0034] The main component of the cell wall is peptidoglycan, also known as sticky peptide. Peptidoglycan is a polysaccharide scaffold composed of two amino sugars, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid, connected by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds and arranged in intervals. Tetrapeptide side chains are attached to the N-acetylmuramic acid molecules, and the peptide chains are linked by peptide bridges or peptide chains, forming a highly mechanically robust network structure.

[0035] 2.2.1 Gram-positive bacteria

[0036] The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is relatively thick, measuring approximately 20 to 80 mm. It is rich in peptidoglycan, comprising 15 to 50 layers, each 1 nm thick, which accounts for approximately 50 to 80% of the cell wall's dry weight. Furthermore, it contains a significant amount of the specialized component teichoic acid. Teichoic acid is highly antigenic and is a key surface antigen of Gram-positive bacteria. It plays a role in regulating the passage of ions through the mucopeptide layer and may also be involved in the activity of certain enzymes. The teichoic acid of some bacteria can adhere to the surface of human cells, acting similarly to pili and possibly contributing to pathogenicity.

[0037] 2.2.2 Gram-negative bacteria

[0038] The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria has a multifaceted structure. The cell wall is relatively thin, approximately 10 to 15 nm, and contains one to two layers of peptidoglycan, which account for approximately 5 to 20% of the cell wall's dry weight. Beyond the cell wall lies an outer membrane composed of proteins, phospholipids, and lipopolysaccharides. The outer membrane contains lower phospholipids than the cytoplasmic membrane, but a higher lipopolysaccharide content. Unlike the cytoplasmic membrane, the proteins in the outer membrane are covalently linked to the tetrapeptide side chains of the peptidoglycan at one end through a protein moiety and to a phosphate group in the outer membrane at the other end through a lipid moiety. Their function is to stabilize the outer membrane and anchor it to the peptidoglycan layer. Lipopolysaccharides, known as bacterial endotoxins, are present in the outermost layer of the outer membrane. The outer membrane is the primary structure of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall. Besides transporting nutrients, it also serves as a barrier, preventing the permeation of various substances and protecting against the effects of many chemical agents.

[0039] 2.3 Antibiotics

[0040] Antibiotics are mainly secondary metabolites produced by bacteria, fungi or other microorganisms or artificially synthesized analogues. They are mainly used to treat various bacterial infections or diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Generally, they do not cause serious side effects on their hosts. The mechanism of action of antibiotics is generally to hinder the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, causing the bacteria to swell, rupture and die in a low osmotic pressure environment; interact with the bacterial cell membrane, increase the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane, open the ion channels on the membrane, and allow useful substances inside the bacteria to leak out of the bacteria or cause electrolyte imbalance and death; interact with bacterial ribosomes or their reaction substrates (such as tRNA, mRNA), inhibit protein synthesis, resulting in the inability to synthesize structural proteins and enzymes necessary for cell survival; hinder the replication and transcription of bacterial DNA, so that the process of bacterial cell division, reproduction and transcription and translation into protein is hindered.

[0041] 2.4 Antibiotic resistance

[0042] It's well known that excessive, high-dose, and prolonged use of antibiotics can lead to drug resistance. To combat pathogenic microorganisms, humans continuously develop new antibiotics. However, bacteria and other microorganisms, in order to survive, gradually adapt to these drug environments and mutate, evolving into new, more potent strains, perpetuating the cycle. Multidrug-resistant bacteria have even emerged—single bacteria resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics. Further research has revealed that bacterial resistance stems from the presence of resistance genes. NDM-1, a new super-resistance gene discovered by scientists, encodes a novel resistance enzyme, NDM-1 (full name: New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase 1). This highly effective enzyme breaks down most antibiotics, rendering them ineffective. Resistance genes not only confer resistance to the bacteria themselves but can also spread through the environment, transferring to other bacteria and making them resistant to antibiotics. With few new antibiotics currently available and existing antibiotics ineffective against resistant bacteria, infection with resistant bacteria significantly increases the risk of death. The mortality rate for patients infected with resistant bacteria is approximately twice that of those infected with non-resistant bacteria. Therefore, the infection and spread of drug-resistant bacteria has become a major challenge in contemporary medicine.

[0043] 3. Fungi, Chlamydia, and Mycoplasma

[0044] The basic structures of fungal cells include the cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. The main component of the fungal cell wall is chitin, and the fungal cell membrane is also composed of a phospholipid bilayer. However, the plasma membrane contains sterols, and ergosterol plays an important role in maintaining membrane permeability and fluidity. There are three types of antifungal drugs: polyenes (amphotericin B preparations), triazoles (voriconazole, itraconazole, and posaconazole), and echinocandins (caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin).

[0045] Chlamydia are Gram-negative pathogens with a cell wall and membrane, but no peptidoglycan. Instead, their membrane is composed of disulfide-linked polypeptides. Mycoplasmas lack a cell wall, but instead have a cell membrane composed of a phospholipid bilayer, which plays a role in maintaining the integrity of the cell membrane.

[0046] 4. Targeting microbial lipid membrane components

[0047] The main structure of the microbial lipid membrane is the phospholipid bilayer, and its main components are phospholipids, proteins and polysaccharides. It can destroy the continuity and stability of the microbial lipid membrane, cause changes in the membrane's permeability, enhance permeability, and play an antimicrobial role.

[0048] 4.1 Structure and composition of microbial cell membranes

[0049] Microbial lipid membranes are typically 7 to 8 nm thick. Lipid membranes are primarily composed of lipids and proteins, with lipids accounting for 50%, proteins for 40%, and polysaccharides for approximately 1 to 10%. Membrane lipids primarily include phospholipids and glycolipids, with phospholipids comprising over 50% of membrane lipids. Phospholipids are primarily glycerophospholipids, which have a glycerol backbone bound to two fatty acid chains and a phosphate group. Molecules such as choline, ethanolamine, serine, or inositol are attached to the lipid molecules via the phosphate groups. The hydrophilic end of the phospholipid molecule is the phosphate group, known as the head; the hydrophobic end consists of two hydrocarbon chains of varying lengths, known as the tail, typically containing an even number of 14 to 24 carbon atoms. One of the hydrocarbon chains often contains one or more double bonds, which create a twist in the unsaturated chain. Glycolipids account for less than 5% of membrane lipids; the simplest glycolipid is galactocerebroside, which has only a single galactose group as its polar head. Glycolipids function as integral membrane proteins.

[0050] 4.2 Microbial membrane lipids

[0051] It is the basic skeleton of the membrane. Removing membrane lipids will cause the membrane to disintegrate. Membrane lipids are the solvents of membrane proteins. Some proteins interact with membrane lipids through their hydrophobic ends, allowing the proteins to be embedded in the membrane and perform special functions. Membrane lipids provide an environment for certain membrane proteases to maintain their conformation and express their activity. The activity of many enzymes on the membrane depends on the presence of membrane lipids.

[0052] 4.3 Microbial membrane proteins

[0053] Membrane proteins comprise 40% to 50% of the membrane. The more complex the membrane, the greater its protein content. Membrane proteins are categorized by their binding mechanism to membrane lipids and their location within the membrane: integral proteins, peripheral proteins, and lipid-anchored proteins. Integral proteins are proteins partially or completely embedded within the cell membrane or on both the inner and outer sides. They are so tightly bound to the membrane that they can only be removed from it using detergents, such as SDS and Triton-X100. Peripheral proteins, also known as extrinsic proteins, are water-soluble and distributed on the surface of the cell membrane. They bind to the hydrophilic portions of proteins or lipid molecules on the membrane surface through ionic bonds or other weaker bonds. Therefore, they can be separated from the membrane simply by changing the ionic strength of the solution or even increasing the temperature. Lipid-anchored proteins, also known as lipid-linked proteins, bind to lipids in two ways: indirectly through a sugar molecule or directly. Lipid-anchored proteins are covalently anchored to phospholipids or fatty acids. Membrane proteins function as transport proteins, catalyze metabolic reactions, connect proteins, and act as receptors.

[0054] 4.4 Microbial membrane sugars

[0055] They constitute 2% to 10% of the membrane composition and are primarily located on the outer surface of the lipid membrane. Seven main types of sugars are present in animal cell membranes: D-glucose, D-galactose, D-mannose, L-fucose, N-acetylgalactosamine, and N-acetylglucosamine. Sugars can be linked to amino acids in two main ways: N-linkages, where the sugar chain is attached to an asparagine residue in the peptide chain; and O-linkages, where the sugar chain is attached to a serine or threonine residue in the peptide chain.

[0056] 4.5 Asymmetry of microbial lipid membranes

[0057] The composition and functions of the inner and outer layers of the lipid membrane differ significantly, a phenomenon known as membrane asymmetry. The asymmetrical distribution of membrane lipids, proteins, and sugars within the membrane leads to asymmetric and directional membrane function. Specifically, the difference in fluidity between the inner and outer layers of the membrane results in directional transport of substances, as well as the reception and transmission of signals. This asymmetry and directional nature of membrane function ensures a high degree of order in life. Cell recognition, movement, transport of substances, and signal transmission all possess directional characteristics. This directional nature is maintained by the asymmetrical distribution of membrane proteins, lipids, and sugars.

[0058] 4.6 Fluidity of microbial lipid membranes

[0059] Microbial lipid membranes are fluid, allowing lipid molecules to diffuse laterally, rotate, oscillate, stretch, oscillate, flip, and undergo rotational isomerization. Membrane protein movement primarily involves lateral diffusion and rotational diffusion. Lipid membrane fluidity is essential for proper function. When membrane fluidity falls below a certain threshold, many enzyme activities and transmembrane transport cease. Conversely, excessive fluidity can lead to membrane dissolution.

[0060] 5. Methods and preparations for disrupting microbial cell membranes

[0061] 5.1 Physical damage

[0062] The simplest in vitro method is to place the microorganisms in distilled water. Using the principle of osmosis, the cells absorb water and swell, causing them to burst. Both low and high temperatures can destroy the lipid membranes of microorganisms. Direct differential centrifugation can also disrupt the lipid membrane structure.

[0063] 5.2 Protease and phospholipase destruction

[0064] Proteases can catalyze the hydrolysis of proteins in lipid membranes, thereby destroying the lipid membranes; while phospholipases also destroy lipid membranes by hydrolyzing phospholipids in lipid membranes.

[0065] 5.3 Ionic, nonionic, and zwitterionic detergents disrupt cell membranes

[0066] Detergents are amphiphilic molecules containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. They can disrupt protein, proteolipid, and lipid bonds, denaturing proteins and other macromolecules. Commonly used ionic detergents in experiments include sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), deoxycholate, cholate, and sarcosinate; commonly used nonionic detergents include Triton X-100, DDM, digitonin, tween 20, and tween 80. Detergents are amphiphilic organic compounds composed of a hydrophobic, nonpolar hydrocarbon portion and a hydrophilic, polar group. This molecular structure is very similar to the amphiphilic phospholipids that constitute lipid membranes. Phospholipids have two hydrophobic fatty acid tails attached to a hydrophilic group. At high concentrations, amphiphilic molecules self-assemble into structures that position their hydrophilic head groups on the outside and their hydrophobic tails on the inside, away from water. Due to their molecular differences, detergent molecules form spherical micelles. This similarity in molecular structure enables detergents to penetrate phospholipid bilayers, thereby disrupting lipid membranes.

[0067] 5.4. In vitro bactericidal effects of fatty acids

[0068] Fatty acids are a class of compounds composed of three elements: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are the main components of neutral fats, phospholipids, and glycolipids. Fatty acid metabolism: Fatty acids can be further divided into the following categories based on the length of their carbon chains: short-chain fatty acids, which have fewer than 6 carbon atoms (also known as volatile fatty acids); medium-chain fatty acids, which have 6-12 carbon atoms; and long-chain fatty acids, which have more than 12 carbon atoms. Fatty acids can be divided into three categories based on whether their carbon-hydrogen chains are saturated or unsaturated: saturated fatty acids, which have no unsaturated bonds; monounsaturated fatty acids, which have one unsaturated bond; and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have two or more unsaturated bonds.

[0069] Fatty acids in food are re-esterified in intestinal cells, mixing with bile salts and monoglycerides to form 4-6 nm fat particles. These fat particles are directly absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells through pinocytosis and coated with a phosphatidylcholine and protein membrane, becoming chylomicrons that enter the lymphatic system. They then flow through the lymphatic vessels and thoracic duct and return to the bloodstream as an oil-in-water emulsion. While a small amount of medium-chain fatty acids remains in the peripheral blood for a short period of time, the majority are non-covalently bound to serum proteins and rapidly reach the liver via the portal vein. In the liver, medium-chain fatty acids rapidly cross the mitochondrial double membrane and are rapidly acylated by octanoyl CoA, with little to no conversion to fat. The excess acetyl CoA produced by acylation undergoes various metabolic processes in the mitochondrial cytoplasm, with the majority of this being converted to ketone bodies.

[0070] Research indicates that the antimicrobial effects of fatty acids are generally broad-spectrum. Although their antimicrobial mechanisms remain poorly understood, many studies hypothesize that the primary target of fatty acid action is the cell membrane, where they disrupt the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. In addition to interfering with cellular energy production, the effects of fatty acids may also be due to the inhibition of enzyme activity, impairment of nutrient absorption, production of peroxidative and autooxidative degradation products, or direct decomposition of bacterial cells.

[0071] Because its mechanism of action is different from that of most traditional antibiotics, it has development potential. However, there are still some problems that have hindered progress so far. First, some free fatty acids taste bad. Second, free fatty acids are unstable, and they also tend to bind non-specifically to proteins. In the body, more fatty acids are transported in the form of stable lipids (such as triglycerides). Third, the fat solubility and rapid metabolism of fatty acids mean that they cannot be used directly in the body. Free fatty acids are insoluble in water, or have very low water solubility, and cannot be injected directly into the blood circulation. Direct injection into the vein can cause pulmonary embolism, and injection into the artery can cause arterial embolism and tissue necrosis.

[0072] The concentrations of in vitro antibacterial and bactericidal fatty acids used in research are often very high, and such high concentrations will definitely damage the cell membranes of human cells. Human cells are also composed of phospholipid bilayers and are also targets for attack by high concentrations of fatty acids. Therefore, the patent of the present invention relates to a group of stable water-soluble carbon chain complexes that can be injected intravenously or arterially, or taken orally. By covalently binding hydrophobic carbon chains with large, medium, and small water-soluble molecules and binding molecules, the fat-soluble hydrophobic carbon chains are converted into water-soluble complexes that can target and kill microorganisms in the body. At therapeutic concentrations, this group of complexes has the ability to target and kill pathogenic microorganisms, has no effect or damage to human cell tissues, and is not easily cleared and metabolized by the liver in the short term. The highly water-soluble and high-affinity complexes described in the present invention have the effect of resisting microbial infection. In addition to nasal sprays and dry powder inhalers, they can also be used in intravenous and oral dosage forms. Summary of the Invention

[0073] In view of the lack of reagents without toxic side effects in the prior art that cannot widely kill, prevent, block or treat microbial infections, the present invention provides a complex that can prevent, block or treat microbial infections.

[0074] Specifically, in order to solve the problem that the existing technology lacks agents without toxic side effects, especially the inability to widely kill and prevent, inhibit or treat microbial infections, the present invention provides the following first set of technical solutions:

[0075] (1) A complex capable of preventing, inhibiting and / or treating viral or bacterial infection, comprising an active portion, a binding portion and a water-soluble portion,

[0076] The virus is one or more viruses selected from the group consisting of novel coronavirus, influenza virus, HIV, hepatitis B virus, human herpes virus, Ebola virus, rabies virus, and human papillomavirus; and the bacteria are one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

[0077] The active part is a fat-soluble saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic and / or linear structure, the carbon chain is a molecule or a residue of a molecule, and the carbon chain is a carbon chain with 3-100 carbon atoms; wherein the active part is a carbon chain or a residue of a carbon chain with 3-100 carbon atoms formed by a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid;

[0078] The water-soluble portion is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule, wherein the molecule contains one or more functional groups selected from amide groups, phosphoryloxy groups, carboxylic acid groups, phosphoric acid groups, sulfonic acid groups, sulfonyloxy groups, hydroxyl groups, quaternary ammonium groups, thioether groups, disulfide bonds, ether groups, sulfhydryl groups, aldehyde groups, ester groups, amine groups, amino groups, urea groups, and guanidine groups. The water-soluble portion may be one or more functional groups connected to the carbon chain serving as the active portion;

[0079] The binding portion is a molecule or a residue of a molecule that can bind to a microbial lipid membrane, a microbial surface protein, a microbial surface polysaccharide or a cell wall component, or can bind to a polysaccharide, protein or polypeptide in a microorganism. The binding portion can be the same as the water-soluble portion, i.e., a protein, polypeptide, amino acid, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide and / or polysaccharide molecule or its residue that can bind to a microbial lipid membrane or surface domain;

[0080] The number of any one of the active part, the water-soluble part and the binding part can be 1 or more.

[0081] (2) According to the complex described in technical solution 1, the number of carbon atoms is 3-48.

[0082] (3) According to the complex described in technical solution 1, the number of carbon atoms is 3-26.

[0083] (4) The complex according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble portion is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule containing one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a thiol group, an amino group, a phosphate group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a hydroxyl group, an amine group, a urea group, a guanidine group, and a disulfide group;

[0084] The binding portion has a group that plays a binding role, that is, it can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface protein, microbial surface polysaccharide or cell wall component or can bind to the polysaccharide or protein or polypeptide in the microorganism. The group is from the water-soluble part or from two or more groups selected from thiol, amino, phosphate, carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, urea, guanidine and disulfide groups as independent binding parts, or from one or more groups selected from thiol, amino, phosphate, carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, urea, guanidine and disulfide groups that provide carbon chain-to-carbon chain connection, so that the complex has one or more groups selected from thiol, amino, phosphate, carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, urea, guanidine and disulfide groups.

[0085] (5) According to the complex described in technical solution 4, the binding part is selected from one or more of dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides.

[0086] (6) The complex according to technical solution 4, wherein the complex is a complex formed by connecting a fatty acid with 3-50 carbon atoms and a water-soluble amino acid; or, the complex is a complex formed by connecting a fatty acid with 3-50 carbon atoms to a targeting polypeptide; or, the complex is a complex formed by reacting a fatty acid with 3-50 carbon atoms, a targeting polypeptide and PEG; or, the complex is a complex formed by reacting a surfactant and one or more selected from a dibasic fatty acid or a polybasic fatty acid, an amino acid, a targeting protein, a targeting polypeptide and a targeting polysaccharide.

[0087] (7) According to the complex described in Technical Solution 4, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids with 3-50 carbon atoms, and the fatty acid is a fatty acid or amino acid containing double bonds, triple bonds, hydroxyl groups, amino groups and / or oxygenated, and is a monobasic acid, a dibasic acid or a polybasic acid.

[0088] (8) The complex according to technical solution 4, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids with 3-46 carbon atoms, monoenoic acids with 3-34 carbon atoms, dienoic acids with 5-30 carbon atoms, trienoic acids with 7-30 carbon atoms, tetraenoic acids with 12-38 carbon atoms, pentaenoic acids with 12-38 carbon atoms, hexaenoic acids with 22-38 carbon atoms, ynoic acids with 6-22 carbon atoms, diynoic acids with 10-22 carbon atoms, triynoic acids with 12-22 carbon atoms, and enoic acids with 8-20 carbon atoms. Fatty acids with 3-30 carbon atoms in the main chain and 1-10 alkyl groups and / or 1-3 hydroxyl groups in the side chains, saturated straight-chain and branched dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids with 3-38 carbon atoms, unsaturated straight-chain or branched dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids with 4-18 carbon atoms which may be substituted with hydroxyl groups, carboxylic acids with 3-18 carbon atoms substituted with amino, hydroxyl, oxo and / or methyl groups, N-acylamino acids with 6-30 carbon atoms, amino acids containing 2 or more acyl groups, and one or more polycarboxylic acids connected by thioether bonds and amide bonds.

[0089] (9) According to the complex described in technical solution 4, the saturated / unsaturated fatty acid is one or more selected from fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaconic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and octacosanoic acid, or the carbon chain residues formed therefrom.

[0090] (10) The complex according to claim 4, wherein the water-soluble portion is a molecule or a residue of a molecule containing one or more groups selected from thiol, amino, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl and disulfide groups; the molecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules or their residues selected from proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids and artificially synthesized water-soluble polymers;

[0091] and / or, one or more medium molecules or their residues selected from polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides and synthetic water-soluble medium molecular weight polymers;

[0092] and / or, one or more water-soluble small molecules or their residues selected from amino acids, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, water-soluble vitamins and deoxynucleotides;

[0093] and / or, a molecule or a residue of a molecule connected to the carbon chain serving as the active part, wherein the molecule or the residue of a molecule contains one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a thiol group, an amino group, a carboxylic acid group, a hydroxyl group, and a disulfide group.

[0094] (11) According to the complex described in technical solution 10, the protein as the water-soluble macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein and CD14; the polysaccharide as the macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from dextran, hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetyl water-soluble cellulose derivatives, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives and water-soluble chitosan derivatives; the water-soluble polymer as the macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from polyethylene glycol and carboxylated or amino polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxylated or quaternized polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid and ammonium polyacrylate;

[0095] The water-soluble medium molecular weight polymer is selected from one or more substances selected from targeting polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides and / or water-soluble polyamino acids;

[0096] The monosaccharides and / or disaccharides of the water-soluble small molecules are selected from one or more of glucose, fructose, rhamnose, sorbose, sucrose, maltose, lactose and trehalose; the nucleotides and / or deoxynucleotides of the water-soluble small molecules are selected from one or more of adenylic acid, guanylic acid, uridine monophosphate, cytidylic acid, thymidylic acid, inosinic acid, deoxyadenylic acid, deoxyguanylic acid, deoxycytidylic acid and deoxythymidylic acid; the amino acids are selected from one or more of serine, threonine, cysteine, asparagine, glutamine, tyrosine, lysine, arginine, histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, citrulline, ornithine, taurine and aminobutyric acid; the vitamins of the water-soluble small molecules are selected from one or more of vitamin B1, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6 and vitamin C.

[0097] (12) According to the complex described in technical solution 11, the targeting polypeptide includes any one of a protein or a neutralizing antibody fragment that specifically targets a microbial lipid membrane, a bacterial and fungal cell wall, or a viral surface protein domain.

[0098] (13) According to the complex described in technical solution 11, the water-soluble polyamino acid is selected from polyglutamic acid, polylysine and / or polyaspartic acid.

[0099] (14) According to the complex described in technical solution 1, the binding portion and the water-soluble portion are the same, that is, proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules or residues of these molecules that can bind to the lipid membrane and surface domain of microorganisms, and the molecules or the residues of the molecules include one or more groups selected from thiol, amino, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl and disulfide groups.

[0100] (15) The complex according to technical solution 1 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3 to 100 carbon atoms with a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, nucleotide, vitamin, amino acid, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid and / or polysaccharide; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3 to 50 carbon atoms with a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, nucleotide, vitamin, amino acid, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid and / or polysaccharide molecule, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acids and / or unreacted proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, amino acids, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acid and / or polysaccharide molecules.

[0101] (16) The complex according to technical solution 1 is a complex containing saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids with 3 to 100 carbon atoms and proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, amino acids, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules, which are complexed by physical and chemical reactions or a mixture obtained by direct physical mixing, wherein the physical and chemical reactions include hydrogen bonds or van der Waals forces or a combination of the two.

[0102] (17) The complex according to technical solution 15 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acids and / or unreacted at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids.

[0103] (18) The complex according to technical solution 15 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid with 3-100 carbon atoms, PEG and at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid with 3-100 carbon atoms, PEG and at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acid, unreacted PEG and / or unreacted at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids.

[0104] (19) The complex according to technical solution 15 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acids and / or unreacted polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides.

[0105] (20) The complex according to technical solution 15 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acid, unreacted PEG and / or unreacted polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides.

[0106] (21) According to the complex described in technical solution 15, the protein is selected from one or more of serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein and CD14.

[0107] (22) According to the complex described in technical solution 15, the polysaccharide is selected from one or more of dextran and / or hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetyl water-soluble cellulose derivatives, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives and water-soluble chitosan derivatives.

[0108] (23) The complex according to technical solution 15 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3 to 100 carbon atoms, a linker and a protein containing a thiol group; or a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, unreacted fatty acid, unreacted linker, and / or unreacted protein containing a thiol group; wherein the linker is one or more of amino acids, succinic acid, butadienoic acid, glutaric acid, hexamethylenediamine, carbamate, short peptide, N-hydroxybutyric imide, polyethylene glycol and derivatives of the above compounds.

[0109] (24) The complex according to technical solution 23 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, N-hydroxybutyric acid imide and a protein containing a sulfhydryl group; or a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, unreacted fatty acid, unreacted N-hydroxybutyric acid imide and / or unreacted protein containing a sulfhydryl group.

[0110] (25) The complex according to technical solution 15, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, cystamine and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides; or a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, cystamine and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acid and unreacted at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides and / or unreacted cystamine.

[0111] (26) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 15-25, the compound obtained by the reaction contains one or more groups selected from the group consisting of amide groups, ester groups, thioether groups, and ether groups, and these groups serve as connecting parts between the water-soluble part and the active part.

[0112] (27) According to any one of technical solutions 4 to 25, the number of carbon atoms of the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is 3 to 50.

[0113] (28) According to the complex described in technical solution 27, the number of carbon atoms is 3-48.

[0114] (29) According to the complex described in technical solution 27, the carbon atoms are 3-26.

[0115] (30) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 4 to 25, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid with 3 to 40 carbon atoms and containing 1 to 8 C=C double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 7 C=C double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 6 double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 5 double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 4 double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 3 double bonds, or a fatty acid containing 1 to 2 double bonds.

[0116] (31) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 4 to 25, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid with 1 to 6 double bonds and 3 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0117] (32) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 4-25, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3-30 carbon atoms.

[0118] (33) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 4 to 25, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids are selected from one or more fatty acids of fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaric acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and octacosanoic acid.

[0119] (34) According to any one of technical solutions 4 to 25, the protein is human serum albumin or bovine serum albumin, or CD14; or the polysaccharide is dextran and / or hyaluronic acid.

[0120] (35) The present invention also provides a preparation for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection made from the above-mentioned complex.

[0121] (36) The preparation according to the present invention is a pharmaceutical preparation or an environmental disinfection preparation.

[0122] (37) According to the preparation of the present invention, the pharmaceutical preparation is one selected from an inhaler, a nasal spray, an injection, an oral preparation and a topical skin preparation.

[0123] (38) Use of the complex according to the present invention in the preparation of a pharmaceutical preparation for preventing, inhibiting and / or treating microbial infection or an environmental microbial disinfection agent.

[0124] According to the use of the present invention, the microorganism is any one or two selected from viruses and bacteria.

[0125] According to the use of the present invention, the virus is an enveloped virus; and / or a non-enveloped virus.

[0126] According to the application of the present invention, the virus is one or more viruses selected from the group consisting of novel coronavirus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus, human herpes virus, Ebola virus, rabies virus and human papillomavirus (HPV), and the bacteria are one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

[0127] According to the application of the present invention, the virus is selected from one or more of H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, new coronavirus, HPV virus and rabies virus.

[0128] (39) The present invention also provides a method for preparing the complex, wherein the complex is obtained by reacting fat-soluble fatty acids with saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chains having branched, cyclic and / or linear structures with water-soluble molecules, and proteins, polypeptides, amino acids, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides and / or polysaccharide molecules that can bind to microbial lipid membranes, microbial surface domains or cell walls as needed, as well as linker molecules as needed, in the presence of a catalyst.

[0129] Further preferably, according to the method for preparing the complex of the present invention, the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction.

[0130] (40) The present invention also provides a method for preparing the complex, which is obtained by physically mixing fat-soluble fatty acids with saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chains with branched, cyclic and / or linear structures and water-soluble molecules, and proteins, polypeptides, amino acids, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides and / or polysaccharide molecules that can bind to microbial lipid membranes, viral surface domains or cell walls, as needed.

[0131] (41) The present invention also provides a method for preparing the complex, wherein the complex is obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3 to 100 carbon atoms with any one of proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, amino acids, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharides in the presence of a catalyst.

[0132] More preferably, the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction.

[0133] (42) The present invention also provides a method for preparing the complex, which is obtained by forming a complex by physical and chemical action or directly physically mixing saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids containing 3 to 100 carbon atoms with proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, amino acids, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules.

[0134] In addition, after careful research, the inventors found that the above technical solutions of the present invention can be further extended and optimized, thereby providing the following second set of technical solutions:

[0135] (1) The present invention provides a complex capable of preventing, inhibiting and / or treating microbial infection, comprising an active portion, a binding portion and a water-soluble portion.

[0136] The active part is a fat-soluble saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic and / or linear structure, the carbon chain is a molecule or a residue of a molecule, and the carbon chain is a carbon chain with 3-100 carbon atoms;

[0137] The water-soluble portion is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule, wherein the molecule contains one or more functional groups selected from an amide group, a phosphoryloxy group, a carboxylic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonyloxy group, a hydroxyl group, a quaternary ammonium group, a thioether group, a disulfide bond, an ether group, a sulfhydryl group, an aldehyde group, an ester group, an amine group, an amino group, a urea group, and a guanidine group. The water-soluble portion may be one or more functional groups connected to the carbon chain serving as the active portion and / or the binding portion;

[0138] The binding portion is a molecule or a residue of a molecule that can bind to a microbial lipid membrane, a microbial surface protein, a microbial surface polysaccharide or a cell wall component, or can bind to a polysaccharide, protein or polypeptide in a microorganism. The binding portion can be the same as the water-soluble portion, i.e., a protein, polypeptide, amino acid, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide and / or polysaccharide molecule or its residue that can bind to a microbial lipid membrane or surface domain;

[0139] The number of any one of the active part, the water-soluble part and the binding part can be 1 or more.

[0140] (2) The complex according to technical solution 1, wherein the active part is selected from saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols or oxy-fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, fat-soluble vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids, and surfactants, and the carbon chain or carbon chain residue has 3-100 carbon atoms, preferably 3-48 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3-26 carbon atoms; wherein the carbon chain has preferably 3-26 carbon atoms;

[0141] The water-soluble portion is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule containing one or more groups selected from the group consisting of thiol, amino, phosphate, carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, urea, guanidine and disulfide; the binding portion has a group that plays a binding role, that is, it can bind to the lipid membrane of the microorganism, the surface protein of the microorganism, the surface polysaccharide of the microorganism or the cell wall component, or can bind to the polysaccharide, protein or polypeptide in the microorganism, and the group is derived from the water-soluble portion or from one or more groups selected from the group consisting of thiol, amino, phosphate, carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, urea, guanidine and disulfide as an independent binding portion, or from one or more groups selected from the group consisting of thiol, amino, phosphate, carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, urea, guanidine and disulfide that provide carbon chain-to-carbon chain connection, so that the complex has one or more groups selected from the group consisting of thiol, amino, phosphate, carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, urea, guanidine and disulfide;

[0142] That is, for the complex of the present invention, the binding portion may be the same as the water-soluble portion in some cases, and may also serve as the carbon chain function of the active portion.

[0143] Preferably, the binding moiety is selected from one or more of dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides;

[0144] More preferably, the complex is a complex formed by linking a fatty acid selected from a group having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 50 carbon atoms, and a water-soluble amino acid; or, the complex is a complex formed by linking a fatty acid selected from a group having 3 to 50 carbon atoms and a targeting polypeptide;

[0145] Alternatively, the complex is a complex formed by the reaction of a fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 50 carbon atoms, a targeting polypeptide, and PEG;

[0146] Alternatively, the complex is a complex formed by the reaction of a surfactant and one or more selected from dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides and targeting polysaccharides, wherein the surfactant is preferably selected from one or more selected from fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters, alkyl glycosides, fatty acid sucrose esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, sorbitan polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, N-acyl-N-methylglucosamine, and mannose erythritol lipids.

[0147] (3) According to the complex described in Technical Solution 2, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids with a carbon number of 3-100, and the fatty acid is a fatty acid or amino acid containing a double bond, a triple bond, a hydroxyl group, an amino group and / or oxygenated, and can be a monobasic acid, a dibasic acid or a polybasic acid.

[0148] (4) The complex according to technical solution 3, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids with 3-46 carbon atoms, monoenoic acids with 3-34 carbon atoms, dienoic acids with 5-30 carbon atoms, trienoic acids with 7-30 carbon atoms, tetraenoic acids with 12-38 carbon atoms, pentaenoic acids with 12-38 carbon atoms, hexaenoic acids with 22-38 carbon atoms, ynoic acids with 6-22 carbon atoms, diynoic acids with 10-22 carbon atoms, triynoic acids with 12-22 carbon atoms, and enoic acids with 8-20 carbon atoms (preferably containing one or two C=C double bonds and one, two or three triple bonds), mainly Fatty acids with 3-30 carbon atoms and 1-10 alkyl groups and / or 1-3 hydroxyl groups on the branched chains (preferably saturated fatty acids with 1-3 methyl groups or fatty acids with C=C double bonds), saturated straight-chain and branched dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids with 3-38 carbon atoms, and unsaturated straight-chain or branched dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids with 4-18 carbon atoms that may be substituted with hydroxyl groups, amino-, hydroxyl-, oxo- and / or methyl-substituted carboxylic acids with 3-18 carbon atoms, N-acylamino acids with 6-30 carbon atoms, amino acids containing 2 or more acyl groups, and polycarboxylic acids linked by thioether bonds and amide bonds;

[0149] The saturated and / or unsaturated fatty alcohol is a saturated fatty straight-chain or branched alcohol with 3-33 carbon atoms; and / or an unsaturated fatty straight-chain or branched alcohol with 3-33 carbon atoms, 1-5 double bonds and 1-5 triple bonds, and 1-3 hydroxyl groups; the oxy-fatty alcohol is an alcohol ketone with 8-31 carbon atoms, 1-3 double bonds or triple bonds, and 1-3 hydroxyl groups, and the ketone is a monoketone or a diketone.

[0150] (5) According to the complex described in technical solution 4, the saturated / unsaturated fatty acid is one or more selected from fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaconic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and octacosanoic acid, or the carbon chain residues formed therefrom.

[0151] (6) The complex according to any one of technical solutions 1 to 5, wherein the water-soluble portion is a molecule or a residue of a molecule containing one or more groups selected from thiol, amino, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl and disulfide groups; the molecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules or their residues selected from proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids and synthetic water-soluble polymers;

[0152] and / or, one or more medium molecules or their residues selected from polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides and synthetic water-soluble medium molecular weight polymers;

[0153] and / or, one or more water-soluble small molecules or their residues selected from amino acids, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, water-soluble vitamins and deoxynucleotides;

[0154] and / or, a molecule or a residue of a molecule connected to the carbon chain serving as the active part, wherein the molecule or the residue of a molecule contains one or more groups selected from the group consisting of a thiol group, an amino group, a carboxylic acid group, a hydroxyl group, and a disulfide group.

[0155] (7) According to the complex described in technical solution 6, the protein as the water-soluble macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein and CD14; the polysaccharide as the macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from dextran, hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetyl water-soluble cellulose derivatives, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives and water-soluble chitosan derivatives; the water-soluble polymer as the macromolecule is one or more water-soluble macromolecules selected from polyethylene glycol and carboxylated or amino polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxylated or quaternized polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid and ammonium polyacrylate;

[0156] The water-soluble medium molecular weight polymer is selected from targeting polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides and / or water-soluble polyamino acids; preferably, the targeting polypeptide includes proteins or neutralizing antibody fragments (including, for example, taurine transport peptide, SBP1) that specifically target microbial lipid membranes, bacterial and fungal cell walls, and viral surface protein domains; preferably, the water-soluble polyamino acids are selected from polyglutamic acid, polylysine and / or polyaspartic acid; as well as oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, and oligonucleotides;

[0157] The monosaccharides and / or disaccharides of the water-soluble small molecules are selected from one or more of glucose, fructose, rhamnose, sorbose, sucrose, maltose, lactose and trehalose; the nucleotides and / or deoxynucleotides as water-soluble small molecules are selected from one or more of adenylic acid, guanylic acid, uridine monophosphate, cytidylic acid, thymidylic acid, inosinic acid, deoxyadenylic acid, deoxyguanylic acid, deoxycytidylic acid and deoxythymidylic acid; the amino acids are selected from one or more of serine, threonine, cysteine, asparagine, glutamine, tyrosine, lysine, arginine, histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, citrulline, ornithine, taurine and aminobutyric acid; the vitamins as the water-soluble small molecules are selected from one or more of vitamin B1, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6 and vitamin C.

[0158] (8) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 7, the binding portion and the water-soluble portion are the same, that is, proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules or residues of these molecules that can bind to the lipid membrane and surface domain of microorganisms, and the molecules or the residues of the molecules include one or more groups selected from thiol, amino, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and disulfide.

[0159] (9) The complex according to any one of technical solutions 1 to 8, which is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part with one or more selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharides; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part with one or more selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules, and a mixture of unreacted substance as active part and / or unreacted protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, amino acid, nucleotide, vitamin, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid and / or polysaccharide molecules;

[0160] Preferably, the substance serving as the active part is one or more substances selected from saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols or oxy-fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, fat-soluble vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids and surfactants, and these substances provide or have a carbon chain or a residue forming a carbon chain with a carbon number of 3-100, preferably 3-48, and more preferably 3-26.

[0161] That is, the complex for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection includes the compound obtained by the reaction, the reaction mixture containing the compound obtained by the reaction (also referred to as "reaction product", "reaction mixture", "reaction product solution", "reaction mixture solution"), and the purified product after the reaction mixture is purified to remove unreacted starting materials and catalysts.

[0162] (10) The complex according to any one of technical solutions 1 to 8, which is a complex or a mixture obtained by direct physical mixing of a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part and one or more of the substances selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules, wherein the physical and chemical action includes hydrogen bonds or van der Waals forces or a combination of the two; wherein preferably, the substance as the active part is one or more of the substances selected from saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols or oxy-fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, fat-soluble vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids and surfactants, and these substances provide or have a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 48 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 26 carbon atoms or a residue that forms a carbon chain.

[0163] (11) The complex according to technical solution 9, which is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids, and a mixture of unreacted substance as the active part and / or unreacted at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids.

[0164] (12) The complex according to technical solution 9, which is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part, PEG and at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part, PEG and at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids, and a mixture of unreacted substance as the active part, unreacted PEG and / or unreacted at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides and amino acids.

[0165] (13) The complex according to technical solution 9, which is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part with one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part with one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides, and a mixture of unreacted substance as active part and / or unreacted polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides.

[0166] (14) The complex according to technical solution 9 is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part, PEG and one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid with 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG and one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides, and a mixture of unreacted substance as the active part, unreacted PEG and / or unreacted polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides.

[0167] (15) According to any one of technical solutions 6 to 12, the protein is selected from one or more of serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein and CD14.

[0168] (16) According to the complex described in technical solution 13, the polysaccharide is selected from one or more of dextran and / or hyaluronic acid sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetyl water-soluble cellulose derivatives, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives and water-soluble chitosan derivatives.

[0169] (17) The complex according to technical solution 11 or 12, which is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part, a linker and a protein containing a thiol group; or a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, unreacted substance as the active part, unreacted linker, and / or unreacted protein containing a thiol group; wherein the linker is one or more of amino acids, succinic acid, butadienoic acid, glutaric acid, hexamethylenediamine, carbamate, short peptide, N-hydroxybutyric imide, polyethylene glycol, and derivatives of the above compounds;

[0170] Preferably, the complex is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3-100 carbon atoms as the active part and N-hydroxybutyric acid imide with a protein containing a sulfhydryl group; or a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, the unreacted substance as the active part, the unreacted N-hydroxybutyric acid imide and / or the unreacted protein containing a sulfhydryl group.

[0171] (18) The complex according to technical solution 13, which is a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part, cystamine and one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides; or a compound obtained by reacting a substance containing a carbon chain with 3 to 100 carbon atoms as an active part, cystamine and one or more selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides, and a mixture of unreacted substance as the active part and unreacted polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides and / or unreacted cystamine.

[0172] (19) According to any one of technical solutions 8 to 17, the compound obtained by the reaction contains one or more of an amide group, an ester group, a thioether group or an ether group as a connecting portion between the water-soluble portion and the active portion.

[0173] (20) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 3-18, the substance that provides a carbon chain or a residue of a carbon chain as an active part is selected from one or more of saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols or oxy-fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, fat-soluble vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids and surfactants, and the number of carbon atoms in the carbon chain is 3-100, preferably 3-50, also preferably 3-48, and more preferably 3-26.

[0174] (21) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 3-18, the substance that provides a carbon chain or a carbon chain residue as an active part is selected from one or more of saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols or oxy-fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, fat-soluble vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids and surfactants, preferably saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids; more preferably, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids are fatty acids with 3-100 carbon atoms, preferably 3-50, also preferably 3-48, more preferably 3-40, containing 1-8 C=C double bonds, can be fatty acids containing 1-7 C=C double bonds, can be fatty acids containing 1-6 double bonds, can be fatty acids containing 1-5 double bonds, can be fatty acids containing 1-4 double bonds, can be fatty acids containing 1-3 double bonds, or can be fatty acids containing 1-2 double bonds.

[0175] (22) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 3 to 18, the substance that provides a carbon chain or a carbon chain residue as the active part is a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid, which can be a fatty acid with 1 to 6 double bonds and 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 26, and more preferably 2 to 22.

[0176] (23) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 3-18, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3-30 carbon atoms, preferably 3-26, preferably 8-22, preferably 8-20, and preferably 8-18 carbon atoms.

[0177] (24) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 3 to 18, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids are selected from one or more fatty acids selected from fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaric acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and octacosanoic acid.

[0178] (25) According to any one of technical solutions 8 to 23, the protein is human serum albumin or bovine serum albumin, or CD14; or the polysaccharide is dextran and / or hyaluronic acid.

[0179] (26) The complex according to technical solution 11, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction is a fatty acid and albumin (Albumin) or SBP1 to obtain any one or more compounds having the following structural formula:

[0180]

[0181]

[0182]

[0183] (27) According to the complex described in technical solution 12, the compound obtained by the reaction is a compound obtained by the reaction of a monobasic fatty acid with 3-10 carbon atoms, PEG and an amino acid, or a compound obtained by the reaction of a monobasic fatty acid with 3-10 carbon atoms, a saturated dibasic fatty acid with 5-8 carbon atoms, PEG and taurine; preferably, the compound has at least one of the following structural formulas:

[0184]

[0185] ; wherein n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0186] (28) According to the complex of technical solution 13, the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or more compounds having the following structural formulas obtained by the reaction of fatty acid and glucan:

[0187]

[0188]

[0189]

[0190]

[0191] (29) According to the complex of technical solution 13, the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or more compounds having the following structural formulas obtained by the reaction of fatty acid and hyaluronic acid:

[0192]

[0193]

[0194]

[0195] ;

[0196] n is an integer from 1 to 2000.

[0197] (30) According to the complex described in technical solution 14, the compound obtained by the reaction is a compound obtained by reacting a fatty acid having 3 to 10 carbon atoms with PEG and glucose, preferably a compound having the following structural formula:

[0198]

[0199] n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0200] (31) According to the complex described in technical solution 17, the compound obtained by the reaction is a compound having a thioether bond and having any one or more of the following structural formulas obtained by reacting fatty acid, N-hydroxybutyromide and albumin:

[0201]

[0202]

[0203]

[0204] (32) According to the complex of technical solution 18, the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or more compounds having the following structural formulas obtained by the reaction of fatty acid, cystamine and dextran:

[0205]

[0206]

[0207] (33) According to the complex described in technical solution 18, the compound obtained by the reaction is a compound obtained by the reaction of fatty acid, cystamine and hyaluronic acid, which has any one or more of the following structural formulas:

[0208]

[0209]

[0210] (34) The complex according to any one of technical solutions 1 to 8, which is a compound obtained by reacting a surfactant containing a carbon chain with 3 to 30 carbon atoms with a dibasic fatty acid or a polybasic fatty acid, an amino acid, a targeting protein, a targeting polypeptide, a targeting polysaccharide and / or a targeting polysaccharide; or it is a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, the unreacted surfactant and / or the unreacted dibasic fatty acid or a polybasic fatty acid, an amino acid, a targeting protein, a targeting polypeptide and / or a targeting polysaccharide.

[0211] (35) According to the complex described in technical solution 34, the surfactant is selected from one or more of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty acid polyoxyethylene ester, alkyl glycoside, fatty acid sucrose ester, anhydrous sorbitan fatty acid ester, anhydrous sorbitan polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, mannose erythritol ester and N-acyl-N-methyl glucosamine.

[0212] (36) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1-35, the microbial infection includes infection caused by viruses.

[0213] (37) A preparation for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection prepared using the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 35.

[0214] (38) The preparation according to technical solution 37 is a pharmaceutical preparation or an environmental disinfection preparation.

[0215] (39) According to the preparation described in technical solution 38, the pharmaceutical preparation is one selected from inhalation, nasal spray, injection, oral preparation and external skin preparation.

[0216] (40) Use of the complex described in any one of Technical Solutions 1 to 35 in the preparation of a pharmaceutical preparation for preventing, inhibiting and / or treating microbial infection.

[0217] (41) The application according to technical solution 40, wherein the microorganism is any one or more selected from viruses, bacteria, fungi, chlamydia or mycoplasma.

[0218] (42) The use according to technical solution 41, wherein the virus is an enveloped virus; and / or a non-enveloped virus.

[0219] (43) The application according to technical solution 42, wherein the enveloped virus is one or more of coronavirus, influenza virus, HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, herpes virus, Zika virus, dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Ebola virus, rabies virus, and / or hantavirus; and the non-enveloped virus is two or more of hepatitis A virus, human papillomavirus, polio virus and / or coxsackie virus.

[0220] (44) The application according to technical solution 43, wherein the virus is any one or more of coronavirus, HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, herpes virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, rabies virus, human papillomavirus and Ebola virus.

[0221] (45) The application according to technical solution 41, wherein the bacteria are Gram-positive bacteria and / or Gram-negative bacteria, the fungi are pathogenic fungi and / or conditionally pathogenic fungi; the Chlamydia are Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumoniae and / or Chlamydia psittaci; the Mycoplasma include Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, and / or Mycoplasma genitalium.

[0222] (46) The application according to technical solution 41, wherein the bacteria are selected from one or more of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and the fungi are selected from one or more of Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Actinomyces viscosus, Chaetomium sphaeroides, Aspergillus verrucosum and Microsporum canis.

[0223] (47) The application according to technical solution 41, wherein the virus is selected from one or more of H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, new coronavirus, HPV virus and rabies virus.

[0224] (48) The method for preparing the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 35 is to react a fat-soluble compound having a saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic and / or linear structure with a water-soluble molecule, and as needed, proteins, polypeptides, amino acids, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides and / or polysaccharide molecules that can bind to the lipid membrane of a microorganism, the surface domain of a virus or the cell wall, and as needed, a linker molecule, in the presence of a catalyst to obtain the complex.

[0225] (49) According to the method for preparing the complex described in technical solution 48, the complex is the product of the compound obtained by the reaction after purification treatment.

[0226] (50) The method for preparing the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 35 is to obtain the complex by physically mixing a fat-soluble compound having a saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic and / or linear structure with a water-soluble molecule, and a protein, polypeptide, amino acid, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide and / or polysaccharide molecule that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface domain or cell wall as needed.

[0227] (51) A method for preparing the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 35, wherein the complex is obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3 to 100 carbon atoms with any one of proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharides in the presence of a catalyst.

[0228] (52) According to the method for preparing the complex described in technical solution 51, the complex is the product of the compound obtained by the reaction after purification treatment.

[0229] (53) The method for preparing the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 35 is to obtain the complex by physical and chemical compounding of saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids with 3 to 100 carbon atoms with proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules or by direct physical mixing.

[0230] In addition, the present invention provides the following third technical solution:

[0231] (1) A complex capable of preventing, inhibiting and / or treating viral or bacterial infection, comprising an active portion, a binding portion and a water-soluble portion, wherein the virus is one or more viruses selected from the group consisting of novel coronavirus, influenza virus, HIV, hepatitis B virus, human herpes virus, Ebola virus, rabies virus and human papillomavirus, and the bacteria is one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa;

[0232] It is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and polysaccharide molecules; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3 to 50 carbon atoms with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and polysaccharide molecules, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acids and / or unreacted proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and polysaccharide molecules.

[0233] (2) According to the complex described in technical solution 1, the number of carbon atoms is 3-48.

[0234] (3) According to the complex described in technical solution 1, the number of carbon atoms is 3-26.

[0235] (4) The complex according to technical solution 1, wherein the complex is a complex formed by a fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms linked to a targeting polypeptide; or the complex is a complex formed by the reaction of a fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, a targeting polypeptide and PEG.

[0236] (5) According to the complex described in technical solution 1, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids with 3-50 carbon atoms, and the fatty acid is a fatty acid or amino acid containing double bonds, triple bonds, hydroxyl groups, amino groups and / or oxygenated, and is a monobasic acid, a dibasic acid or a polybasic acid.

[0237] (6) The complex according to technical solution 1 or 4, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids with 3-46 carbon atoms, monoenoic acids with 3-34 carbon atoms, dienoic acids with 5-30 carbon atoms, trienoic acids with 7-30 carbon atoms, tetraenoic acids with 12-38 carbon atoms, pentaenoic acids with 12-38 carbon atoms, hexaenoic acids with 22-38 carbon atoms, ynoic acids with 6-22 carbon atoms, diynoic acids with 10-22 carbon atoms, triynoic acids with 12-22 carbon atoms, and enoic acids with 8-20 carbon atoms. , fatty acids with 3-30 carbon atoms in the main chain and 1-10 alkyl groups and / or 1-3 hydroxyl groups on the side chains, saturated straight-chain and branched dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids with 3-38 carbon atoms, and unsaturated straight-chain or branched dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids with 4-18 carbon atoms that may be substituted with hydroxyl groups, carboxylic acids with 3-18 carbon atoms substituted with amino, hydroxyl, oxo and / or methyl, N-acylamino acids with 6-30 carbon atoms, amino acids containing 2 or more acyl groups, and one or more polycarboxylic acids connected by thioether bonds and amide bonds.

[0238] (7) According to the complex described in technical solution 1 or 4, the saturated / unsaturated fatty acid is one or more selected from fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaconic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and octacosanoic acid, or the carbon chain residues formed therefrom.

[0239] (8) According to the complex described in technical solution 4, the targeting polypeptide includes any one of a protein or a neutralizing antibody fragment that specifically targets a microbial lipid membrane, a bacterial and fungal cell wall, or a viral surface protein domain.

[0240] (9) The complex according to technical solution 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides and oligopeptides; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides and oligopeptides, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acids and / or unreacted at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides and oligopeptides.

[0241] (10) The complex according to technical solution 1 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG and at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides and oligopeptides; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG and at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides and oligopeptides, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acid, unreacted PEG and / or unreacted at least one selected from proteins, polypeptides and oligopeptides.

[0242] (11) The complex according to technical solution 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms with at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acids and / or unreacted polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides.

[0243] (12) The complex according to technical solution 1 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides; or it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, PEG and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acid, unreacted PEG and / or unreacted polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or oligosaccharides.

[0244] (13) According to the complex described in technical solution 1, 9 or 10, the protein is selected from one or more of serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein and CD14.

[0245] (14) The complex according to technical solution 1, 11 or 12, wherein the polysaccharide is selected from one or more of dextran and / or hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetyl water-soluble cellulose derivatives, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives and water-soluble chitosan derivatives.

[0246] (15) The complex according to technical solution 1 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, a linker and a protein containing a thiol group; or a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, unreacted fatty acid, unreacted linker, and / or unreacted protein containing a thiol group; wherein the linker is one or more of amino acids, succinic acid, butadienoic acid, glutaric acid, hexamethylenediamine, carbamate, short peptide, N-hydroxybutyric imide, polyethylene glycol and derivatives of the above compounds.

[0247] (16) The complex according to technical solution 15 is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, N-hydroxybutyric acid imide and a protein containing a sulfhydryl group; or a mixture of the compound obtained by the above reaction, unreacted fatty acid, unreacted N-hydroxybutyric acid imide and / or unreacted protein containing a sulfhydryl group.

[0248] (17) The complex according to technical solution 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms, cystamine and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides; or a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, cystamine and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acid and unreacted at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides and oligosaccharides and / or unreacted cystamine.

[0249] (18) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 17, the compound obtained by the reaction contains one or more groups selected from the group consisting of an amide group, an ester group, a thioether group, and an ether group, and these groups serve as the connecting portion between the water-soluble portion and the active portion.

[0250] (19) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 9 to 18, the number of carbon atoms of the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is 3-50.

[0251] (20) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 9 to 18, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid with 3 to 40 carbon atoms and containing 1 to 8 C=C double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 7 C=C double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 6 double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 5 double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 4 double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 3 double bonds, or a fatty acid containing 1 to 2 double bonds.

[0252] (21) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 9 to 18, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid with 1 to 6 double bonds and 3 to 30 carbon atoms.

[0253] (22) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 9-18, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3-30 carbon atoms.

[0254] (23) According to the complex described in any one of technical solutions 9 to 18, the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids are selected from one or more fatty acids selected from fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaric acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and octacosanoic acid.

[0255] (24) According to any one of technical solutions 9 to 18, the protein is human serum albumin or bovine serum albumin, or CD14; or the polysaccharide is dextran and / or hyaluronic acid.

[0256] (25) According to the complex described in technical solution 9, the compound obtained by the reaction is a compound obtained by the reaction of fatty acid and albumin or SBP1, which has any one or more of the following structural formulas:

[0257]

[0258]

[0259]

[0260]

[0261] (26) According to the complex described in technical solution 11, the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or more compounds having the following structural formulas obtained by the reaction of fatty acid and glucan:

[0262]

[0263]

[0264]

[0265]

[0266]

[0267] (27) According to the complex described in technical solution 11, the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or more compounds having the following structural formulas obtained by the reaction of fatty acid and hyaluronic acid:

[0268]

[0269]

[0270]

[0271]

[0272] n is an integer from 1 to 2000.

[0273] (28) According to the complex described in technical solution 12, the compound obtained by the reaction is a compound obtained by reacting a fatty acid with 3 to 10 carbon atoms with PEG and glucose.

[0274] (29) According to the complex of technical solution 28, the compound obtained by the reaction is a compound having the following structural formula:

[0275]

[0276] n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0277] (30) According to the complex described in technical solution 15, the compound obtained by the reaction is a compound having a thioether bond and having any one or more of the following structural formulas obtained by reacting fatty acid, N-hydroxybutyromide and albumin:

[0278]

[0279]

[0280]

[0281] (31) According to the complex of technical solution 17, the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or more compounds having the following structural formulas obtained by the reaction of fatty acid, cystamine and dextran:

[0282]

[0283]

[0284] (32) According to the complex of technical solution 17, the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or more compounds having the following structural formulas obtained by the reaction of fatty acid, cystamine and hyaluronic acid:

[0285]

[0286]

[0287] (33) A preparation for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection prepared using the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 32.

[0288] (34) The preparation according to technical solution 33 is a pharmaceutical preparation or an environmental disinfection preparation.

[0289] (35) According to the preparation described in technical solution 34, the pharmaceutical preparation is one selected from inhalation, nasal spray, injection, oral preparation and external skin preparation.

[0290] (36) Use of the complex described in any one of Technical Solutions 1 to 32 in the preparation of a pharmaceutical preparation for preventing, inhibiting and / or treating microbial infection or an environmental microbial disinfection agent.

[0291] (37) The application according to technical solution 36, wherein the microorganism is any one or two selected from viruses and bacteria.

[0292] (38) The use according to technical solution 37, wherein the virus is an enveloped virus; and / or a non-enveloped virus.

[0293] (39) The application according to technical solution 37, wherein the virus is one or more viruses selected from the group consisting of novel coronavirus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus, human herpes virus, Ebola virus, rabies virus and human papillomavirus (HPV), and the bacteria are one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

[0294] (40) The application according to technical solution 37, wherein the virus is selected from one or more of H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, new coronavirus, HPV virus and rabies virus.

[0295] (41) The method for preparing the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 32 is to react a fat-soluble fatty acid having a saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic and / or linear structure with a water-soluble molecule, and a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide and / or polysaccharide molecule that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface domain or cell wall as needed, as well as a linker molecule as needed, in the presence of a catalyst to obtain the complex.

[0296] (42) According to the method for preparing the complex described in technical solution 41, the complex is the product of the compound obtained by the reaction after purification treatment.

[0297] (43) The method for preparing the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 32 is to obtain the complex by physically mixing fat-soluble fatty acids with saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chains with branched, cyclic and / or linear structures with water-soluble molecules, and proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides and / or polysaccharide molecules that can bind to microbial lipid membranes, viral surface domains or cell walls as needed.

[0298] (44) The method for preparing the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 32, wherein the complex is obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3 to 100 carbon atoms with any one of proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharides in the presence of a catalyst.

[0299] (45) According to the method for preparing the complex described in technical solution 44, the complex is the product of the compound obtained by the reaction after purification treatment.

[0300] (46) The method for preparing the complex described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 32 is to obtain the complex by physical and chemical compounding of saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids with 3 to 100 carbon atoms with proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, nucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules or by direct physical mixing.

[0301] The compound of the present invention can prevent and treat viral, bacterial, and fungal infections and its preparation can be used in preventing or treating various viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. Specific application methods include:

[0302] It can be used before infection to prevent viral, bacterial and fungal infections;

[0303] Can be used after infection to kill viruses, bacteria, and fungi in the body; and

[0304] The environment of items can be disinfected to prevent the spread of viruses, bacteria and fungi.

[0305] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0306] (1) The effect of the complex provided by the present invention on viruses is not affected by viral mutations

[0307] The complex provided by the present invention targets the basic structures of the virus - the envelope and nucleocapsid. For enveloped viruses, the complex destroys the viral envelope, making the virus lose the ability to infect cells; for non-enveloped viruses, the complex directly wraps the viral nucleocapsid for hydrophobic isolation, making the virus unable to infect cells; the complex will not become ineffective due to viral mutations.

[0308] (2) The complex provided by the present invention can kill drug-resistant microorganisms without causing the microorganisms to develop drug resistance.

[0309] Bacteria exhibit drug resistance because they harbor resistance genes that can express enzymes that break down antibiotics, rendering them ineffective. The complex of the present invention kills microorganisms through a mechanism distinct from that of antibiotics. It acts directly on the lipid membrane, the fundamental structure of microorganisms, by partially integrating into it, affecting its homeostasis and disrupting the cell wall and membrane. Therefore, it is unaffected by the enzymes that break down antibiotics in resistant bacteria.

[0310] (3) The complex provided by the present invention is safe for human cells. Viral particles, bacteria, and fungal cells are much smaller than human cells. The complex at therapeutic doses preferentially binds to viruses, bacteria, and fungi to produce its effect. Cell experiments have confirmed that at therapeutic doses, the complex has no significant effect on cell membranes. The complex is safe for human cells.

[0311] (4) The complexes provided by the present invention can act in different areas depending on their molecular size. Large molecular complexes can be retained on the surface of the respiratory mucosa or in the blood circulation, immediately inactivating viruses, bacteria, or fungi and preventing them from spreading in the body. Large molecular complexes cannot enter normal tissues and can only enter the inflammatory sites after viral, bacterial, or fungal infection. Small molecular complexes, on the other hand, can penetrate the blood vessel wall into the interstitial space and interstitial fluid, targeting viruses, bacteria, or fungi for killing.

[0312] (5) Fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fat-soluble vitamins, and steroids are insoluble in water or have very low water solubility and cannot be directly injected into the human body. Direct injection into the vein can cause pulmonary embolism. Fatty acids in food are absorbed by the human body in the form of emulsions, and then flow back into the blood circulation in the form of chylomicrons through the lymphatic system, lymphatic vessels, and thoracic ducts. Moreover, fatty acids are encapsulated in the emulsion in the form of non-covalent bonds with proteins. In this form, the hydrophobic groups are encapsulated inside and cannot come into contact with infected viruses and bacteria, and thus cannot play a bactericidal and antiviral role. The above problems can be avoided by converting fat-soluble hydrophobic compounds into aqueous solution compounds with high affinity for pathogenic microorganisms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0313] Figure 1 This is a comparison diagram of the infrared spectra of linolenic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 1;

[0314] Figure 2 This is a Coomassie brilliant blue staining result of fumaric acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 1;

[0315] Figure 3A This is a mass spectrometry analysis of the linolenic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 1;

[0316] Figure 3B This is a site analysis diagram of the linolenic acid-modified albumin prepared in Example 1;

[0317] Figure 4A This is a mass spectrometry analysis of docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 1;

[0318] Figure 4B This is a site analysis diagram of the docosahexaenoic acid-modified albumin prepared in Example 1;

[0319] Figure 5 This is the mass spectrum of oleic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 2;

[0320] Figure 6 This is a site analysis diagram of oleic acid-modified serum albumin in the compound prepared in Example 2;

[0321] Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of the infrared spectra of eicosapentaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 3;

[0322] Figure 8 This is the mass spectrum of eicosapentaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 4;

[0323] Figure 9 This is a site analysis diagram of eicosapentaenoic acid-modified serum albumin in the compound prepared in Example 4;

[0324] Figure 10 This is the mass spectrum of linoleic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 5;

[0325] Figure 11 This is a site analysis diagram of linoleic acid-modified serum albumin in the compound prepared in Example 5;

[0326] Figure 12 This is a comparison diagram of the infrared spectra of docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 6;

[0327] Figure 13 This is the mass spectrum of docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 6;

[0328] Figure 14This is a site analysis diagram of docosahexaenoic acid-modified serum albumin in the compound prepared in Example 6;

[0329] Figure 15 This is a comparison diagram of the infrared spectra of linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid prepared in Example 7;

[0330] Figure 16 This is a comparison diagram of the infrared spectra of docosahexaenoic acid-hyaluronic acid prepared in Example 8;

[0331] Figure 17 This is a comparison diagram of the infrared spectra of the fatty acid-SBP1 prepared in Example 9;

[0332] Figure 18 This is a comparison diagram of the infrared spectra of 9-tetradecenoic acid-SBP1 prepared in Example 10;

[0333] Figure 19 This is the infrared spectrum of the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-glucose complex prepared in Example 14;

[0334] Figure 20 This is a graph showing the antibacterial results of the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-glucose complex prepared in Example 14;

[0335] Figure 21 This is the infrared spectrum of the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-sucrose complex prepared in Example 15;

[0336] Figure 22 This is a graph showing the antibacterial results of the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-sucrose complex prepared in Example 15;

[0337] Figure 23 is an infrared spectrum of the fatty acid-adenosine monophosphate complex prepared in Example 16;

[0338] Figure 24 This is a graph showing the antibacterial results of the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-adenosine monophosphate complex prepared in Example 16;

[0339] Figure 25 This is the infrared spectrum of the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-ascorbic acid complex prepared in Example 17;

[0340] Figure 26 This is a graph showing the antibacterial results of the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-ascorbic acid complex prepared in Example 17;

[0341] Figure 27 This is an infrared spectrum of the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-polyethylene glycol 400-COOH complex prepared in Example 18;

[0342] Figure 28This is a graph showing the antibacterial results of the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-polyethylene glycol 400-COOH complex prepared in Example 18;

[0343] Figure 29 This is a transmission electron microscope image of the ethyl oleate liposomes prepared in Example 19 (1);

[0344] Figure 30 This is a transmission electron microscope image of the linoleic acid liposomes prepared in Example 19 (2);

[0345] Figure 31 The linolenic acid-serum albumin injection prepared in Example 20;

[0346] Figure 32 is the particle size distribution of the linolenic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 20 measured by a Malvern particle size analyzer,

[0347] Figure 33 This is a transmission electron microscope image of the linolenic acid-serum albumin prepared in Example 20;

[0348] Figure 34 The lyophilized powder injection of linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid prepared in Example 21,

[0349] Figure 35 The lyophilized powder injection of docosahexaenoic acid-hyaluronic acid prepared in Example 21;

[0350] Figure 36 This is a transmission electron microscope image of the linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid freeze-dried powder prepared in Example 21 re-dissolved in water;

[0351] Figure 37 The particle size distribution of the linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid freeze-dried powder prepared in Example 21 measured by a Malvern particle size analyzer after being redissolved in water;

[0352] Figure 38 The lyophilized powder preparation of lauryl aspartate complex liposome prepared in Example 22;

[0353] Figure 39 This is a scanning electron micrograph of the lyophilized powder preparation of lauryl aspartate complex liposomes prepared in Example 22;

[0354] Figure 40 This is a particle size distribution diagram of the lyophilized powder preparation of lauryl aspartate complex liposomes prepared in Example 22 after being redissolved in water;

[0355] Figure 41 This is the potential distribution diagram of the lyophilized powder preparation of lauryl aspartate complex liposomes prepared in Example 22;

[0356] Figure 42This is a transmission electron micrograph of the eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester injection prepared in Example 23;

[0357] Figure 43 This is the particle size distribution diagram of the eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester injection prepared in Example 23;

[0358] Figure 44 This is the potential distribution diagram of the eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester injection prepared in Example 23;

[0359] Figure 45 This is a transmission electron microscope image of docosahexaenoic acid-SBP1 prepared in Example 24;

[0360] Figure 46 The particle size distribution of docosahexaenoic acid-SBP1 prepared in Example 24 was measured by a Malvern particle size analyzer;

[0361] Figure 47 This is a picture of the product of grafting different ω-3 fatty acids (ALA: linolenic acid, EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid, DHA: docosahexaenoic acid) onto the polypeptide SBP1 prepared in Example 24;

[0362] Figure 48 This is a transmission electron microscopy image of the reconstituted product of the CD14 protein grafted dodecenoic acid lyophilized powder injection prepared in Example 25;

[0363] Figure 49 This is a transmission electron microscopy image of the reconstituted product of the CD14 protein grafted tetradecenoic acid lyophilized powder injection prepared in Example 25;

[0364] Figure 50 This is a transmission electron microscopy image of the reconstituted product of the CD14 protein grafted eicosapentaenoic acid lyophilized powder injection prepared in Example 25;

[0365] Figure 51 Figure 29 shows the results of a VERO E6 cell safety test on the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain threonine prepared in Example 29;

[0366] Figure 52 Figure 29 shows the results of a safety test on VERO E6 cells using the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain serine prepared in Example 29;

[0367] Figure 53 Figure 29 shows the results of a VERO E6 cell safety test on the 18-carbon monounsaturated carbon chain serine prepared in Example 29;

[0368] Figure 54 Figure 29 shows the results of a VERO E6 cell safety test on the 18-carbon monounsaturated carbon chain threonine prepared in Example 29;

[0369] Figure 55Figure 29 shows the results of a safety test on VERO E6 cells using the twenty-two carbon polyunsaturated carbon chain threonine.

[0370] Figure 56 Figure 29 shows the results of a VERO E6 cell safety test on the twenty-carbon polyunsaturated carbon chain serine prepared in Example 29;

[0371] Figure 57 Figure 29 shows the results of a VERO E6 cell safety test on the 18-carbon monounsaturated carbon chain lysine prepared in Example 29;

[0372] Figure 58 Figure 29 shows the results of a VERO E6 cell safety test on the 22-carbon polyunsaturated carbon chain lysine prepared in Example 29;

[0373] Figure 59 Figure 29 shows the results of a VERO E6 cell safety test on the 18-carbon polyunsaturated carbon chain threonine prepared in Example 29;

[0374] Figure 60 Figure 29 shows the results of a VERO E6 cell safety experiment with an eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-5'-adenosine monophosphate-four-carbon unsaturated carbon chain-carboxyl group;

[0375] Figure 61 Figure 29 shows the results of a safety experiment on VERO E6 cells using N-octyl-N-methylglucamine;

[0376] Figure 62 This is a graph showing the results of a VERO E6 cell safety experiment on N-nonyl-N-methylglucamine in Example 29;

[0377] Figure 63 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of threonine, an eight-carbon saturated carbon chain, on Staphylococcus aureus obtained in Example 30;

[0378] Figure 64 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain serine prepared in Example 30 on Staphylococcus aureus;

[0379] Figure 65 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of 18-carbon monounsaturated carbon chain-serine on Staphylococcus aureus obtained in Example 30;

[0380] Figure 66 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of threonine, an 18-carbon monounsaturated carbon chain, on Staphylococcus aureus obtained in Example 30;

[0381] Figure 67 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of the twenty-two carbon polyunsaturated carbon chain - threonine prepared in Example 30 on Staphylococcus aureus;

[0382] Figure 68 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of the twenty-two carbon polyunsaturated carbon chain serine prepared in Example 30 on Staphylococcus aureus;

[0383] Figure 69 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of 18-carbon monounsaturated carbon chain-lysine on Staphylococcus aureus obtained in Example 30;

[0384] Figure 70 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of the twenty-two carbon polyunsaturated carbon chain lysine prepared in Example 30 on Staphylococcus aureus;

[0385] Figure 71 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of threonine, an 18-carbon polyunsaturated carbon chain, on Staphylococcus aureus obtained in Example 30;

[0386] Figure 72 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of Staphylococcus aureus on the eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-5'-adenosine monophosphate-four-carbon unsaturated carbon chain-carboxyl group prepared in Example 30;

[0387] Figure 73 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of N-octyl-N-methylglucamine on Staphylococcus aureus in Example 30;

[0388] Figure 74 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of N-nonyl-N-methylglucamine on Staphylococcus aureus in Example 30;

[0389] Figure 75 The results of the cytotoxicity test of the ω-3 fatty acid-serum albumin complex on VERO E6 cells in Example 32 are as follows;

[0390] Figure 76 The results of the toxicity test of the fatty acid-serum albumin complex on hepatocytes in Example 33 are as follows;

[0391] Figure 77 The results of the cytotoxicity test of carboxyl-eight-carbon unsaturated carbon chain-taurocholic acid on VERO-E6 cells in Example 34 are as follows;

[0392] Figure 78 This is a graph showing the results of liver and kidney function in the animal safety test in Example 35 (1);

[0393] Figure 79 This is a graph showing the results of liver and kidney function in the animal safety test in Example 35 (2);

[0394] Figure 80 This is a graph showing the results of liver and kidney function in the animal safety test in Example 35 (3);

[0395] Figure 81This is a graph showing the results of liver and kidney function in the animal safety test in Example 35 (4);

[0396] Figure 82 This is a graph showing the results of liver and kidney function in the animal safety test in Example 35 (5);

[0397] Figure 83 This is a graph showing the results of the hemolysis experiment in the animal safety test in Example 35 (6);

[0398] Figure 84 is the neutralization inhibition rate of the fatty acid (ω-3 fatty acid)-serum albumin complex against the new coronavirus pseudovirus in Example 36;

[0399] Figure 85 is the neutralization inhibition rate of the hexacosenoic acid-cyclodextrin coating against rabies pseudovirus in Example 37;

[0400] Figure 86 is the neutralization inhibition rate of the docosahexaenoic acid-SBP1 complex against the novel coronavirus pseudovirus in Example 38;

[0401] Figure 87 is the neutralization inhibition rate of the hexanoic acid-hyaluronic acid complex against HIV pseudovirus HIV18A-41 in Example 39;

[0402] Figure 88 is the neutralization inhibition rate of the nonanoic acid-hyaluronic acid complex against influenza pseudovirus H7N9-Fluc in Example 40;

[0403] Figure 89 is the neutralization inhibition rate of the octadecanoic acid-serum albumin complex against HIV pseudovirus in Example 41;

[0404] Figure 90 is the neutralization inhibition rate of the eicosanoic acid-hyaluronic acid complex against H7N9-Fluc pseudovirus in Example 42;

[0405] Figure 91 is the neutralization inhibition rate of the octacosanoic acid-serum albumin complex against the H5N1-Fluc pseudovirus in Example 43;

[0406] Figure 92 The results of Example 44 in which hepatocytes were pretreated with fatty acid-serum albumin complexes and then transfected with HIV-derived lentivirus;

[0407] Figure 93 This is a transmission electron micrograph of the novel coronavirus pseudovirus after treatment in Example 45;

[0408] Figure 94This is a schematic diagram of the hydrophobic isolation process of the "carbon chain interaction portion + small molecule water-soluble portion / binding portion" complex on human papillomavirus in Example 46;

[0409] Figure 95 This is the in vitro simulation of the process of N-octyl-N-methylglucamine encapsulating protein particles loaded with L1 protein in Example 46;

[0410] Figure 96 is the neutralization inhibition rate of docosahexaenoic acid-coupled serine against HPV pseudovirus in Example 47;

[0411] Figure 97 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effect (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) of different concentrations of the docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex prepared in Example 48;

[0412] Figure 98 This is a graph showing the antibacterial (Escherichia coli) results of different concentrations of the docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex prepared in Example 48;

[0413] Figure 99 The structural changes of Escherichia coli were observed under a scanning electron microscope after the docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex prepared in Example 48 was treated.

[0414] Figure 100 The structural changes of Staphylococcus aureus were observed under a scanning electron microscope after the docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex prepared in Example 48 was treated;

[0415] Figure 101 After the docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex prepared in Example 48 was treated, the membrane detachment of Staphylococcus aureus was observed under a transmission electron microscope;

[0416] Figure 102 The comparison results of the binding rates of the novel coronavirus pseudovirus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and hepatic stellate cells to the docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex in Example 49 are as follows;

[0417] Figure 103 This is a graph showing the residence time of the docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex in the lungs in Example 50;

[0418] Figure 104 This is a graph showing the residence time of the eicosapentaenoic acid-hyaluronic acid complex in the lungs in Example 50;

[0419] Figure 105 This is a graph showing the results of the animal experiment on the docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex in Example 51;

[0420] Figure 106This is a graph showing the results of the animal lung administration experiment of the eicosapentaenoic acid-hyaluronic acid complex in Example 51.

[0421] Figure 107 This is a graph showing the lung fluorescence results of the animal experiment of oral administration of the small molecule complex in Example 52.

[0422] Figure 108 This is the ImageJ analysis result of the average fluorescence value of the lungs in the animal experiment of oral administration of the small molecule complex in Example 52. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0423] The object of the present invention is to provide a compound for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection.

[0424] Specifically, the complex of the present invention includes an acting portion, a binding portion and a water-soluble portion.

[0425] The active part is a fat-soluble hydrophobic carbon chain, which can exist in the form of a molecule or a molecular residue, and is a saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched and / or linear structure, which can be inserted into / integrated into the lipid membrane of the microorganism, thereby destroying the lipid membrane structure, or wrapping non-enveloped viruses so that the viruses are hydrophobically isolated;

[0426] The binding portion can be a molecule or a residue of a molecule that binds to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface protein, microbial surface polysaccharide or cell wall component (including polysaccharide or protein) or can bind to the polysaccharide or protein or polypeptide in the microorganism, so that the complex is connected to the microbial lipid membrane or virus surface.

[0427] The water-soluble part is a molecule or a residue of a molecule that is soluble in water and contains a water-soluble group, which can give the complex water solubility, so that the complex can be evenly dispersed in an aqueous solution and avoid the fat-soluble hydrophobic groups from aggregating into clusters, thereby preventing the fat-soluble hydrophobic groups of the complex from aggregating into clusters in an aqueous solution or in blood to form lipid droplets.

[0428] In further detail, the active part is a fat-soluble, hydrophobic, saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched, cyclic and / or linear structure, the carbon chain is a molecule or a residue of a molecule, and the carbon chain is a carbon chain with 3-100 carbon atoms;

[0429] The water-soluble portion is a water-soluble molecule or a residue of a molecule, wherein the molecule contains one or more groups selected from an amide group, a phosphoryloxy group, a carboxylic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonyloxy group, a hydroxyl group, a quaternary ammonium group, a thioether group, a disulfide bond, an ether group, a sulfhydryl group, an amine group, an amino group, a urea group, and a guanidine group, and the water-soluble portion may be a group connected to the carbon chain serving as the active portion;

[0430] The binding moiety is a molecule or residue of a molecule that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane, microbial surface protein, microbial surface polysaccharide, or cell wall component, or can bind to a polysaccharide, protein, or polypeptide in the microorganism. The binding moiety can be the same as the water-soluble moiety, i.e., a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, and / or polysaccharide molecule or residue thereof that can bind to the microbial lipid membrane or surface domain. The binding moiety can also be the same as the water-soluble moiety, i.e., after forming a complex, one or more free carboxyl, phosphate, sulfonate, hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, amine, amino, urea, or guanidine groups are retained. In some cases, the binding moiety can be a dibasic fatty acid or polybasic fatty acid, or a fat-soluble amino acid molecule or residue thereof that binds to the microbial lipid membrane or surface domain. In this case, the carboxylic acid group and amino acid group in these dibasic fatty acid or polybasic fatty acid or fat-soluble amino acid molecule or residue essentially play a binding role.

[0431] Specifically, the active part is a fat-soluble carbon chain, including a saturated or unsaturated carbon chain with a branched or cyclic structure; preferably, the active part is selected from saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols or oxy-fatty alcohols, saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids, hydrophobic amino acids, fat-soluble vitamins, steroid lipids, phospholipids, sphingomyelins, glycolipids, and the carbon chain or carbon chain residue formed by the surfactant has 3-48 carbon atoms, more preferably 3-26 carbon atoms; preferably, the carbon chain has 3-26 carbon atoms;

[0432] The water-soluble portion is a water-soluble molecule or molecule residue containing one or more groups selected from sulfhydryl, amino, phosphate, carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, urea, guanidine and disulfide groups; the group that plays a binding role in the binding portion (capable of binding to microbial lipid membranes, microbial surface proteins, microbial surface polysaccharides or cell wall components or capable of binding to polysaccharides, proteins or polypeptides in microorganisms) is one or more groups selected from sulfhydryl, amino, phosphate, carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, urea, guanidine and disulfide groups from the water-soluble portion or one or more groups selected from sulfhydryl, amino, phosphate, carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, hydroxyl, amine, urea, guanidine and disulfide groups that provide carbon chain-to-carbon chain connection.

[0433] Specifically, for the complex of the present invention, the water-soluble portion is a water-soluble molecule or molecule residue, including macromolecular proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, synthetic water-soluble polymers, medium molecular polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides, synthetic polymers with moderate water solubility, and small molecules including amino acids, monosaccharides or disaccharides, nucleotides, and water-soluble vitamins; it can also be a functional group directly bound to the carbon chain that can increase water solubility, such as an amide group, phosphoryloxy group, carboxylic acid group, phosphate group, sulfonic acid group, sulfonyloxy group, hydroxyl group, quaternary ammonium group, thioether group, disulfide bond, ether group, thiol group, aldehyde group, ester group, amine group, amino group, urea group, guanidine group, etc.; the water-soluble portion can be a group connected to the carbon chain serving as the active portion and / or binding portion;

[0434] The binding portion is a molecule or a residue of a molecule (comprising the functional group on the molecule) that can be combined with a microorganism lipid membrane, a microorganism surface protein, a microorganism surface polysaccharide or a cell wall component, can be the third part that constitutes the complex, can also be identical with the water-soluble part, or can be connected with the active part. When the binding portion and the water-soluble part are the same part such as a protein, polypeptide, a polysaccharide that can be combined with a microorganism lipid membrane, a microorganism surface protein, a microorganism surface polysaccharide, the water-soluble part is a kind of that contains and is selected from sulfhydryl, amino, urea group, guanidine group, carboxylic acid group, hydroxyl and disulfide ether group. When the binding portion is in some cases, the dibasic fatty acid or polybasic fatty acid, fat-soluble amino acid etc. that can be combined with a microorganism lipid membrane, a microorganism surface protein, a microorganism surface polysaccharide can be used.

[0435] Without being limited by the reaction mechanism, the functional groups in the binding part that play a binding role may be carboxyl, sulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, hydroxyl, aldehyde or hemiacetal hydroxyl (sugar), amino, urea, guanidine, sulfhydryl, etc.

[0436] 1. The following is further explained using fatty acids as carbon chain donors (i.e., functional part donors):

[0437] (1) Fatty acids are insoluble in water or have very low water solubility and cannot be directly injected into the blood circulation. Direct injection into the vein can cause pulmonary embolism, and injection into the artery can cause arterial embolism and tissue necrosis.

[0438] (2) Fatty acids are re-esterified in intestinal cells and mixed with bile salts and monoglycerides to form 4-6 nm fat particles. These fat particles are directly absorbed by intestinal epithelial cells through phagocytosis and coated with a layer of phosphatidylcholine and protein membrane. They become chylomicrons and enter the lymphatic system. They pass through the lymphatic vessels and thoracic duct and return to the blood circulation in the form of water-in-oil emulsions. Except for a small amount of medium-chain fatty acids that exist in the peripheral blood for a short period of time, most of them are non-covalently bound to serum proteins and reach the liver quickly through the portal vein system. In the liver, medium-chain fatty acids can quickly pass through the mitochondrial double membrane and are quickly acylated under the action of octanoyl CoA, and are almost not synthesized into fat. The excess acetyl CoA produced by acylation undergoes various metabolic reactions in the mitochondrial cytoplasm, most of which tend to synthesize ketone bodies.

[0439] (3) Fatty acids covalently bonded to large, medium and small molecules convert fat-soluble fatty acids into water-soluble fatty acids, which are not easily eliminated and metabolized by the liver.

[0440] (4) The highly water-soluble and high-affinity complex of the present invention has the effect of resisting microbial infection. In addition to the external skin dosage form, it can also be used in nasal spray, dry powder inhaler, and can also be used for intravenous injection and oral dosage form.

[0441] 2. A complex formed by fatty acids and water-soluble amino acids, monosaccharides or disaccharides, nucleotides, and water-soluble vitamins. In this case, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the active part, and the water-soluble amino acids, monosaccharides or disaccharides, nucleotides, and water-soluble vitamins are the water-soluble parts. When the binding part is connected, the complex with antimicrobial infection effect described in the present invention is formed. The binding part can be selected from dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides. Among them, dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids and fat-soluble amino acids are both the binding part and the active part; water-soluble amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides are both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0442] In one embodiment, the complex of the present invention is selected from a complex formed by linking a fatty trienoic acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms and a water-soluble amino acid, for example, the following compound is a complex formed by linking octadecatrienoic acid and asparagine:

[0443]

[0444] The carbon chain of octadecatrienoic acid is the active part, and asparagine is both the water-soluble part and the binding part.

[0445] 3. Complexes formed by fatty acids with proteins, peptides and polysaccharides

[0446] At this time, the carbon chain of fatty acid is the active part, which can target the surface domain of the virus, the protein or polypeptide of the lipid membrane or cell wall, and the polysaccharide is the binding part, and it is also the water-soluble part.

[0447] In a specific embodiment, the complex of the present invention is selected from a complex formed by a fatty olefinic acid having 3-50 carbon atoms linked to a targeting polypeptide, for example, the structural formula shown below is a schematic structural formula of a complex formed by octadecenoic acid linked to a targeting polypeptide, wherein octadecenoic acid is linked to a lysine residue in the polypeptide by an amide bond.

[0448]

[0449] The carbon chain of octadecenoic acid is the active part, and the targeting polypeptide is both the water-soluble part and the binding part.

[0450] 4. In the above three cases, if the water solubility of the complex is poor, or if the complex molecules need to be enlarged, a water-soluble polymer can be added, such as

[0451] Fatty acid+targeting polypeptide+PEG, that is, the complex is a complex formed by the reaction of a fatty acid with 3-50 carbon atoms, a targeting polypeptide and PEG.

[0452] At this time, the carbon chain of the fatty acid is the active part, the targeting polypeptide is the binding part, and PEG is the water-soluble part.

[0453] 5. Compounds such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters, alkyl glycosides, fatty acid sucrose esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, sorbitan polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, mannose erythritol esters, and N-acyl-N-methylglucosamine have fatty alcohols or fatty acids as carbon chain donors and are highly water-soluble. However, they have weak binding to viral surface domains, lipid membranes, or cell wall components, requiring higher concentrations to kill microorganisms. At these concentrations, these compounds can also damage human cells and are unsuitable for use within the human body. When these compounds are linked to a binding moiety to form a new complex, they possess the ability to kill microorganisms at relatively low concentrations within the human body, exerting an antimicrobial infection effect. Furthermore, at this therapeutic concentration, the new complex comprising the active moiety + water-soluble moiety + binding moiety has no effect on human tissue cells and organs. The binding moiety can be selected from dibasic or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, or targeting polysaccharides. That is, in this case, the complex of the present invention is a complex formed by the reaction of a surfactant and one or more selected from dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides and targeting polysaccharides.

[0454] At this time, the carbon chain of fatty alcohol or fatty acid is the active part, polyoxyethylene ether (PEG), dextran, sucrose, anhydrous sorbitol, mannitol erythritol, and glucosamine are the water-soluble parts, the connected dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids and fat-soluble amino acids are both the binding part and the active part, and the water-soluble amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides are both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0455] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a group of complexes that can prevent and treat viral, bacterial and fungal infections, wherein the main structure is formed by an active portion, a binding portion and a water-soluble portion coupled by covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds or van der Waals forces;

[0456] The active part gives the complex the effect of destroying the lipid membrane of microorganisms or hydrophobically isolating non-enveloped viruses; the binding part gives the complex the effect of binding to the lipid membrane of microorganisms or the surface domain of viruses, and a specific binding part can also give the complex the effect of specifically targeting microorganisms; the water-soluble part gives the complex water solubility, so that the complex can be evenly dispersed in an aqueous solution and prevent hydrophobic groups from aggregating into clusters to form lipid droplets.

[0457] The lipid membrane refers to the envelope formed by the phospholipid bilayer of the microorganism;

[0458] The active part, binding part and water-soluble part of the complex can be a natural compound, an artificially synthesized compound or a natural compound coupled with an artificially synthesized compound;

[0459] The number of groups of the same type in the complex can be one or more; the arrangement and order of the groups are not fixed; the groups of the same or different types can be coupled linearly or in the form of side chains.

[0460] The complex can be used to prevent and treat infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, chlamydia and mycoplasma.

[0461] Furthermore, the active part is a natural or synthetic hydrophobic group, including a straight carbon chain, a branched carbon chain, or a cyclic carbon chain; the carbon chain may be a saturated or unsaturated carbon chain, and the unsaturated carbon chain may have one or more unsaturated bonds, wherein the unsaturated bond may be a double bond or a triple bond;

[0462] For microorganisms with lipid membrane structures, such as enveloped viruses, bacteria, fungi, chlamydia and mycoplasma, the active part can penetrate, insert into, and integrate into the lipid membrane, destroying the structural stability of the lipid membrane and then destroying the integrity of the lipid membrane and cell wall, thereby achieving the effect of killing microorganisms;

[0463] For non-enveloped viruses, the binding portion binds to the viral surface protein domain, and the active portion is wrapped around the surface of the non-enveloped virus, causing the non-enveloped virus to be hydrophobically isolated and then cleared by immune cells, thereby achieving the effect of preventing and treating non-enveloped virus infection.

[0464] Furthermore, the binding portion has one or more functional groups that can bind to proteins, polysaccharides or binding domains, such as carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, amino groups, sulfhydryl groups, urea groups, and guanidinium groups, and can bind to proteins, polysaccharides or binding domains on the lipid membrane or virus surface, so that the complex is attached to the lipid membrane or virus surface;

[0465] The binding portion can also be designed to have a molecular structure that specifically targets lipid membranes, bacterial and fungal cell wall components, and viral surface protein domains, thereby giving the complex the function of targeting viruses, bacteria, and fungi; the binding portion and the hydrophilic group can be the same group, which can not only bind to the lipid membrane, cell wall or viral surface protein domain, but also give the complex water solubility.

[0466] Furthermore, the binding moiety that can specifically target microbial lipid membranes, bacterial and fungal cell wall components, and viral surface protein domains is a protein, polypeptide, or polysaccharide, including:

[0467] (1) Neutralizing antibodies targeting coronavirus envelope proteins including spike glycoprotein (S), small envelope glycoprotein (E), membrane glycoprotein (M), and hemagglutinin glycoprotein (HE), as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0468] (2) Proteins targeting the human immunodeficiency virus envelope include: neutralizing antibodies against gp120 and gp41 proteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0469] (3) Neutralizing antibodies targeting hepatitis B virus envelope proteins including SHBs, MHBs, and LHBs, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0470] (4) Targeting HCV envelope proteins, including neutralizing antibodies against E1 and E2 proteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0471] (5) Targeting rabies virus envelope protein includes: neutralizing antibodies against envelope glycoprotein, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0472] (6) Neutralizing antibodies targeting herpes virus envelope proteins including gB, gC, gD, gE, gG, and gH glycoproteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0473] (7) neutralizing antibodies targeting Ebola virus envelope proteins, including envelope glycoproteins on the viral outer membrane, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0474] (8) Targeting Hantavirus envelope proteins include: neutralizing antibodies against G1 and G2 glycoproteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0475] (9) Targeting dengue virus envelope proteins including: neutralizing antibodies against protein E and protein M, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0476] (10) Neutralizing antibodies targeting the envelope proteins of Japanese encephalitis virus include: glycoprotein E (i.e., viral hemagglutinin) and protein M, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0477] (11) Targeting influenza virus envelope proteins include: neutralizing antibodies against hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0478] (12) Neutralizing antibodies targeting hepatitis A virus capsid proteins including VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0479] (13) Targeting human papillomavirus capsid proteins include: neutralizing antibodies against L1 and L2 proteins, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0480] (14) Neutralizing antibodies targeting adenovirus capsid proteins including PⅡ, PⅢ, PⅢa, PⅣ, PⅥ, PⅧ, and PⅨ, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0481] (15) Neutralizing antibodies targeting poliovirus capsid proteins including VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0482] (16) Neutralizing antibodies targeting Coxsackievirus capsid proteins including VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4, as well as amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to the above protein domains;

[0483] (17) Proteins targeting bacterial or fungal cell walls include: CD14 and amino acid sequences and small molecule peptides that can specifically bind to its domains;

[0484] (18) Also included are ligands designed for low-affinity receptors (such as heparan sulfate, proteoglycans, etc.) targeting enveloped viruses, bacteria, or fungal cell walls.

[0485] That is to say, for the present invention, in order to prevent, stop or treat microbial infection diseases,

[0486] The basic structure of the complex of the present invention includes any of the following components:

[0487] Binding part + water-soluble part + active part;

[0488] Binding part + action part + water-soluble part;

[0489] Water-soluble part + active part + binding part;

[0490] Water-soluble part + binding part + active part;

[0491] Binding part + water-soluble part + binding part + active part + … + XX part;

[0492] Binding part + water-soluble part + active part + water-soluble part + … + XX part;

[0493] Binding part + water-soluble part + active part + binding part + ... + XX part;

[0494] Water-soluble part + binding part + active part + binding part + ... + XX part; and

[0495] Water-soluble part + active part + binding part + active part + … + XX part.

[0496] Here, the term "XX moiety" refers to any one or more moieties of "water-soluble moiety", "binding moiety" and "action moiety".

[0497] The number of the same type of parts in the complex can be one or more, and the arrangement and order of the parts are not fixed.

[0498] Furthermore, in a more specific embodiment, the structure of the complex of the present invention includes the following structure.

[0499] The small molecule water-soluble portion / binding portion is covalently bound to the active portion of the medium- or short-chain carbon chain, wherein the medium- or short-chain carbon chain includes a saturated or unsaturated straight carbon chain, a branched carbon chain, and a carbon chain with a cyclic structure, and may be a carbon chain of 3 to 10 carbon atoms. The small molecule water-soluble portion / binding portion may be a small molecule, medium molecule, or macromolecule with a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group, such as:

[0500] A complex formed by amino acids or monosaccharides, nucleotides and carbon chains with 3-10 carbon atoms with carboxyl / hydroxyl groups. This complex has significantly improved water solubility, is well dispersed, and does not aggregate into clumps.

[0501] In the complex formed by the macromolecular water-soluble part + the binding part + the long-chain carbon chain (more than 10 carbon atoms) interaction part, the long-chain carbon chain includes a saturated or unsaturated straight carbon chain, a branched carbon chain, and a carbon chain with a cyclic structure, for example, a complex with the following structure is formed:

[0502] Protein / targeted protein + binding moiety + linear, branched or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with a cyclic structure; targeted small molecule + protein + binding moiety + linear, branched or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with a cyclic structure; polysaccharide + binding moiety + linear, branched or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with a cyclic structure; targeted small molecule + polysaccharide + binding moiety + linear, branched or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with a cyclic structure; water-soluble high molecular polymer + binding moiety + linear, branched or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with a cyclic structure.

[0503] Targeting small molecule + water-soluble high molecular polymer + binding part + straight chain, branched chain or saturated / unsaturated carbon chain with a ring structure.

[0504] Furthermore, the complex is a derivative of a water-soluble portion, a binding portion and a lipid covalently coupled, and the construction mode includes:

[0505] Macromolecular water-soluble part / binding part / targeted binding part + lipid,

[0506] Macromolecular water-soluble part + binding part / targeted binding part + lipid,

[0507] 2 or more small molecule water-soluble parts / binding parts / targeted binding parts + lipids,

[0508] 2 or more small molecule water-soluble parts + binding part / targeted binding part + lipid.

[0509] Furthermore, the lipids include fatty alcohols, fatty acids, phospholipids, fat-soluble vitamins and steroid lipids;

[0510] The fatty alcohols include saturated fatty alcohols, monounsaturated fatty alcohols, polyunsaturated fatty alcohols, and one or more of the above fatty alcohol derivatives; the unsaturated bonds in the carbon chains of the unsaturated fatty alcohols are double bonds or triple bonds;

[0511] The carbon chain of the fatty alcohol can be a straight chain, a branched chain, or a carbon chain with a cyclic structure;

[0512] The fatty acids include saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, diunsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids, and one or more of the above fatty acid derivatives; the unsaturated bonds in the carbon chains of the unsaturated fatty acids are double bonds or triple bonds; the carbon chains of the fatty acids may be straight chains, branched chains, cyclic chains, or carbon chains with hydroxyl groups; the carboxyl groups of the fatty acids may be one or more;

[0513] The phospholipids include glycerophospholipids and sphingomyelins, wherein the glycerophospholipids include phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol, and one or more of the above phospholipid derivatives;

[0514] The fat-soluble vitamins include vitamins A, D, E and D, as well as one or more of the above-mentioned fat-soluble vitamin derivatives.

[0515] The steroids include cholesterol, lanosterol, sitosterol, stigmasterol, ergosterol, bile acid, cholesterol, and one or more of the above steroid lipid derivatives.

[0516] Furthermore, the complex must ensure that the ratio of the molecular weight of the hydrophobic group to the molecular weight of the hydrophilic group is appropriate. If the molecular weight of the hydrophilic group is much larger than that of the hydrophobic group, this will hinder the insertion of the hydrophobic group into the biomembrane and weaken the destructive ability of the hydrophobic group on the biomembrane. If the molecular weight of the hydrophilic group is significantly smaller than that of the hydrophobic group, this will cause the hydrophobic group to aggregate into clusters, forming a water-in-oil structure, and the hydrophobic group will not be able to contact the biomembrane and cannot play a destructive role.

[0517] Furthermore, in the present invention, the active part can be a carbon chain or carbon chain residue with 3-48 carbon atoms, more preferably 3-26 carbon atoms, selected from saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, saturated and / or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols, and saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids; wherein the preferred carbon number is 3-26.

[0518] The saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids used to provide the above-mentioned carbon chain or carbon chain residue specifically include the fatty acids shown below.

[0519] Saturated fatty acids with 3-46 carbon atoms include:

[0520] Propionic acid, butyric acid, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, heneicosanoic acid, docosanoic acid, tricosanoic acid, tetracosanoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, hexacosanoic acid, heptacosanoic acid, octacosanoic acid, nonacosanoic acid, triacontanic acid, heneicosanoic acid, dotriacontanic acid, trictriacontanic acid, tetratriacontanic acid, pentatriacontanic acid, hexatriacontanic acid, heptacosanoic acid, octatriacontanic acid, hexatericosanoic acid.

[0521] Monoenoic acids with 3-34 carbon atoms include:

[0522] 2-Acrylic acid, 2-butenoic acid, 3-butenoic acid, 2-pentenoic acid, 3-pentenoic acid, 4-pentenoic acid, 2-hexenoic acid, 3-hexenoic acid, 4-hexenoic acid, 5-hexenoic acid, 2-heptenoic acid, 3-heptenoic acid, 4-heptenoic acid, 5-heptenoic acid, 6-heptenoic acid, 2-octenoic acid, 3-octenoic acid, 4-octenoic acid, 5-octenoic acid, 6-octenoic acid, 7-octenoic acid, 2-nonenoic acid, 3-nonenoic acid, 4-nonenoic acid, 6-nonenoic acid, 8-nonenoic acid, 2-decenoic acid, 3-decenoic acid, 4-decenoic acid, 5-decenoic acid, 6-decenoic acid, 8-decenoic acid, 9-decenoic acid, 2-undecenoic acid, 3-undecenoic acid, 4-undecenoic acid, 5-undecenoic acid, 6-undecenoic acid, 7-undecenoic acid, 8-undecenoic acid, 9-decenoic acid, -Undecenoic acid, 10-Undecenoic acid, 2-Dodecenoic acid, 3-Dodecenoic acid, 4-Dodecenoic acid, 5-Dodecenoic acid, 6-Dodecenoic acid, 7-Dodecenoic acid, 9-Dodecenoic acid, 10-Dodecenoic acid, 11-Dodecenoic acid, 2-Tridecenoic acid, 7-Tridecenoic acid, 8-Tridecenoic acid, 11-Tridecenoic acid, 12-Tridecenoic acid, 2-Tetradecenoic acid, 3-Tetradecenoic acid, 4-Tetradecenoic acid, 5-Tetradecenoic acid, 7-Tetradecenoic acid, 8-Tetradecenoic acid, 9-Tetradecenoic acid, 11-Tetradecenoic acid, 2-Pentadecenoic acid, 6-Pentadecenoic acid, 7-Pentadecenoic acid, 9-Pentadecenoic acid, 10-Pentadecenoic acid, 14-Pentadecenoic acid, 2-Hexadecenoic acid, 3-Hexadecenoic acid, 4-Hexadecenoic acid, 5-Hexadecenoic acid, 6- Hexaenoic acid, 7-hexadecenoic acid, 9-hexadecenoic acid, 10-hexadecenoic acid, 11-hexadecenoic acid, 13-hexadecenoic acid, 2-hexadecenoic acid, 3-hexadecenoic acid, 7-hexadecenoic acid, 8-hexadecenoic acid, 9-hexadecenoic acid, 10-hexadecenoic acid, 11-hexadecenoic acid, 12-hexadecenoic acid, 16-hexadecenoic acid, 2-octadecenoic acid, 3-octadecenoic acid, 4-octadecenoic acid, 5-octadecenoic acid, 6-octadecenoic acid, 7-octadecenoic acid, 8-octadecenoic acid, 9-octadecenoic acid, 10-octadecenoic acid, 11-octadecenoic acid, 12-octadecenoic acid, 13-octadecenoic acid, 14-octadecenoic acid, 15-octadecenoic acid, 16-octadecenoic acid, 17-octadecenoic acid, 2-nonadecaenoic acid, 5-nonadecaenoic acid, 6-nonadecaenoic acid acid, 7-nonadecaenoic acid, 9-nonadecaenoic acid, 10-nonadecaenoic acid, 11-nonadecaenoic acid, 12-nonadecaenoic acid, 13-nonadecaenoic acid, 16-nonadecaenoic acid, 3-eicosenoic acid, 5-eicosenoic acid, 6-eicosenoic acid, 7-eicosenoic acid, 8-eicosenoic acid, 9-eicosenoic acid, 10-eicosenoic acid, 11-eicosenoic acid, 13-eicosenoic acid, 14-eicosenoic acid, 15-eicosenoic acid, 16-eicosenoic acid, 7-heneicosenoic acid, 12-heneicosenoic acid, 5-docoecosenoic acid, 7-docoecosenoic acid, 9-docoecosenoic acid, 11-docoecosenoic acid, 13-docoecosenoic acid, 15-docoecosenoic acid, 19-docoecosenoic acid, 9-tricoecosenoic acid, 14-tricoecosenoic acid, 16-tricoecosenoic acid,17-tricosenoic acid, 18-tricosenoic acid, 22-tricosenoic acid, 11-tetracosenoic acid, 15-tetracosenoic acid, 17-tetracosenoic acid, 5-pentacosenoic acid, 16-pentacosenoic acid, 17-pentacosenoic acid, 18-pentacosenoic acid, 19-pentacosenoic acid, 5-hexacosenoic acid, 9-hexacosenoic acid, 11-hexacosenoic acid, 14-hexacosenoic acid, 17-hexacosenoic acid, 19-hexacosenoic acid, 21-hexacosenoic acid, 18-heptacosenoic acid, 20-heptacosenoic acid, 9-octacosenoic acid, 11-octacosenoic acid, 19-octacosenoic acid, 21-octacosenoic acid, 23-octacosenoic acid, 20-nonacosenoic acid, 21-triacontaenoic acid, 22-triacontaenoic acid, 23-dotriacontaenoic acid, 25-tetracontaenoic acid. ,

[0523] Dienoic acids with 5-30 carbon atoms include:

[0524] 2,4-pentadienoic acid, 2,4-hexadienoic acid, 3,5-hexadienoic acid, 2,7-octadienoic acid, 4,7-octadienoic acid, 5,7-octadienoic acid, 2,4-nonadienoic acid, 2,6-nonadienoic acid, 5,7-nonadienoic acid, 2,4-decadienoic acid, 2,5-decadienoic acid, 2,6-decadienoic acid, 2,7-decadienoic acid, 3,5-decadienoic acid, 4,6-decadienoic acid, 4,8-decadienoic acid, 4,9-decadienoic acid, 5,8-decadienoic acid, 5,9-decadienoic acid, 6,8-decadienoic acid, 7,9-decadienoic acid, 2,4-undecadienoic acid, 2,4-dodecadienoic acid, 2,6-dodecadienoic acid, 2,8-dodecadienoic acid, 3,6-dodecadienoic acid, 5,7- Dodecadienoic acid, 7,9-dodecadienoic acid, 8,10-dodecadienoic acid, 3,5-tridecadienoic acid, 2,4-tetradecadienoic acid, 3,5-tetradecadienoic acid, 5,8-tetradecadienoic acid, 6,9-tetradecadienoic acid, 10,12-tetradecadienoic acid, 2,4-hexadecadienoic acid, 3,9-hexadecadienoic acid, 4,7-hexadecadienoic acid, 5,9-hexadecadienoic acid, 6,9-hexadecadienoic acid, 7,10-hexadecadienoic acid, 8,10-hexadecadienoic acid, 9,12-hexadecadienoic acid, 10,12-hexadecadienoic acid, 8,11-heptadecadienoic acid, 9,12-heptadecadienoic acid, 2,4-octadecadienoic acid, 2,5-octadecadienoic acid, 2,6-octadecadienoic acid, 3,6-octadecadienoic acid, 3,7-octadecadienoic acid, 3,12-octadecadienoic acid, 4,7-octadecadienoic acid, 4,8-octadecadienoic acid, 4,9-octadecadienoic acid, 5,8-octadecadienoic acid, 5,9-octadecadienoic acid, 5,10-octadecadienoic acid, 5,11-octadecadienoic acid, 5,12-octadecadienoic acid, 6,8-octadecadienoic acid, 6,9-octadecadienoic acid, 6,10-octadecadienoic acid, 6,11-octadecadienoic acid, 6,12-octadecadienoic acid, 7,9-octadecadienoic acid, 7,10-octadecadienoic acid, 7,11-octadecadienoic acid, 7,12-octadecadienoic acid, 8,10-octadecadienoic acid octadecadienoic acid, 8,11-octadecadienoic acid, 8,12-octadecadienoic acid, 9-11-octadecadienoic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, 9,13-octadecadienoic acid, 10,12-octadecadienoic acid, 10,14-octadecadienoic acid, 5,9-nonadecadienoic acid, 10,13-nonadecadienoic acid, 5,9-eicosadienoic acid, 5,11-eicosadienoic acid, 5,13-eicosadienoic acid, 5,15-eicosadienoic acid, 6,9-eicosadienoic acid, 6,11-eicosadienoic acid, 7,11-eicosadienoic acid, 7,13-eicosadienoic acid, 7,14-eicosadienoic acid, 8,11-eicosadienoic acid, 11,13-eicosadienoic acid, 11,14-eicosadienoic acid, 11,15-eicosadienoic acid, 5,14-eicosadienoic acid, 5,16-eicosadienoic acid, 12,15-eicosadienoic acid, 5,13-docosadienoic acid, 7,15-docosadienoic acid, 13,16-docosadienoic acid, 5,9-tetracosadienoic acid, 15,18-tetracosadienoic acid, 5,9-hexacosadienoic acid, 17,20-hexacosadienoic acid, 17,21-hexacosadienoic acid, 9,21-octacosadienoic acid, 19,23-octacosadienoic acid, 5,9-nonacosadienoic acid, 5,9-triacontadienoic acid, 9,23-triacontadienoic acid.

[0525] Trienoic acids with 7-30 carbon atoms include:

[0526] 2,4,6-heptatrienoic acid, 2,6,8-decatrienoic acid, 4,7,10-hexadecatrienoic acid, 5,8,11-hexadecatrienoic acid, 6,9,12-hexadecatrienoic acid, 6,10,14-hexadecatrienoic acid, 7,10,13-hexadecatrienoic acid, 7,11,14-hexadecatrienoic acid, 9,12,15-hexadecatrienoic acid, 5,9,12-heptadecatrienoic acid, 2,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 3,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 5,8,11-octadecatrienoic acid, 5,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 6,9,12 -octadecatrienoic acid, 6,10,14-octadecatrienoic acid, 7,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 8,10,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 9,11,13-octadecatrienoic acid, 9,11,14-octadecatrienoic acid, 9,12,14-octadecatrienoic acid, 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 10,12,14-octadecatrienoic acid, 10,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 11,13,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 2,4,8-eicosatrienoic acid, 3,6,9-eicosatrienoic acid, 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid Acid, 5,8,14-eicosatrienoic acid, 5,9,14-eicosatrienoic acid, 5,9,12-eicosatrienoic acid, 5,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid, 5,13,16-eicosatrienoic acid, 7,10,13-eicosatrienoic acid, 7,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid, 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid, 8,12,14-eicosatrienoic acid, 9,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid, 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid, 5,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid, 3,9,15-docosatrienoic acid, 5, 11,17-Docosatrienoic acid, 7,10,13-Docosatrienoic acid, 8,11,14-Docosatrienoic acid, 13,16,19-Docosatrienoic acid, 15,18,21-Tetracosatrienoic acid, 5,9,17-Hexacosatrienoic acid, 5,9,19-Hexacosatrienoic acid, 5,9,21-Hexacosatrienoic acid, 5,9,20-Heptacosatrienoic acid, 5,9,21-Octacosatrienoic acid, 5,9,23-Nicosatrienoic acid, 5,9,23-Triacontatrienoic acid, 5,9,25-Triacontatrienoic acid.

[0527] Tetraenoic acids with 12-38 carbon atoms include:

[0528] 2,4,8,10-dodecatetraenoic acid, 2,6,8,10-dodecatetraenoic acid, 2,6,8,12-hexadecatetraenoic acid, 4,7,10,13-hexadecatetraenoic acid, 4,7,11,14-hexadecatetraenoic acid, 4,8,12,16-hexadecatetraenoic acid, 6,9,12,15-hexadecatetraenoic acid, 2,4,6,11-octadecatetraenoic acid, 3,9,12,15-octadecatetraenoic acid, 5,8,11,14-octadecatetraenoic acid Acids, 5,9,12,15-octadecidonic acid, 6,9,12,15-octadecidonic acid, 9,11,13,15-octadecidonic acid, 9,12,15,17-octadecidonic acid, 2,8,11,14- Eicosastetraenoic acid, 4,7,10,13-eicosatetraenoic acid, 4,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, 4,8,12,16-eicosatetraenoic acid, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid, 5,11,14, 17-eicosatetraenoic acid, 5,13,16,19-eicosatetraenoic acid, 6,10,14,18-eicosatetraenoic acid, 7,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid, 8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid, 8,11,14,18-eicosatetraenoic acid, 4,7,10,13-docosatetraenoic acid, 7,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid, 8,12,16,19-docosatetraenoic acid, 2,4,6,8-di-eicosatetraenoic acid Tetradecatetraenoic acid, 9,12,15,18-tetracosatetraenoic acid, 11,14,17,20-hexacosatetraenoic acid, 13,16,19,22-octacosatetraenoic acid, 15,18,21,24-triacontatetraenoic acid, 17,20,23,26-triacontatetraenoic acid, 19,22,25,28-tetracontatetraenoic acid, 21,24,27,30-hexacontatetraenoic acid, 23,26,29,32-octacontatetraenoic acid.

[0529] Pentaenoic acids with 12-38 carbon atoms include:

[0530] 3,5,7,9,11-eicosapentaenoic acid, 5,7,9,11,13-tetradecanoic acid, 3,6,9,12,15-octadecapentaenoic acid, 2,5,8,11,14-eicosapentaenoic acid, 4,8,12,15,18-eicosapentaenoic acid, 5,7,9,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid, 5,8,11,14,16-eicosapentaenoic acid, 5,8,11,14,17 -eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 4,7,10,13,16-docosapentaenoic acid, 4,8,12,15,19-docosapentaenoic acid, 7,10,13,16,19-docosapentaenoic acid, 6,9,12,15,18-tetracosapentaenoic acid, 9,12,15,18,21-tetracosapentaenoic acid, 8,11,14,17,20-hexacosapentaenoic acid, 11,1 4,17,20,23-hexacosapentaenoic acid, 10,13,16,19,22-octadecapentaenoic acid, 13,16,19,22,25-octadecapentaenoic acid, 12,15,18,21,24-triacontapentaenoic acid, 15,18,21,24,27-triacontapentaenoic acid, 14,17,20,23,26-docosapentaenoic acid, 17,20,23,26,29 -Docosapentaenoic acid, 16,19,22,25,28-tetracontaenoic acid, 19,22,25,28,31-tetracontaenoic acid, 18,21,24,27,30-triacontaenoic acid, 21,24,27,30,32-triacontaenoic acid, 20,23,26,29,32-triacontaenoic acid, 23,26,29,32,35-triacontaenoic acid.

[0531] Hexaenoic acids with 22-38 carbon atoms include:

[0532] 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid, 2,4,6,8,10,12-tetracosahexaenoic acid, 4,8,12,15,19,22-tetracosahexaenoic acid, 6,9,12,15,18,21-tetracosahexaenoic acid (THA), 8,11,14,17,20,23-hexacosahexaenoic acid, 10,13,16,19,22, 25-octadecahexaenoic acid, 12,15,18,21,24,27-triacontacosahexaenoic acid, 14,17,20,23,26,29-docosahexaenoic acid, 16,19,22,25,28,31-tetracontacosahexaenoic acid, 18,21,24,27,30,32-hexatriacontacosahexaenoic acid, 20,23,26,29,32,35-octadecahexaenoic acid.

[0533] Alkynoic acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms include:

[0534] 3-Hexynoic acid, 4-Hexynoic acid, 5-Hexynoic acid, 3-Heptynoic acid, 4-Heptynoic acid, 6-Heptynoic acid, 2-Octynoic acid, 7-Octynoic acid, 2-Nonynoic acid, 4-Nonynoic acid, 5-Nonynoic acid, 6-Nonynoic acid, 7-Nonynoic acid, 8-Nonynoic acid, 3-Decynoic acid, 4-Decynoic acid, 5-Decynoic acid, 6-Decynoic acid, 7-Decynoic acid, 8-Decynoic acid, 9-Decynoic acid, 2-Undecynoic acid, 3-Undecynoic acid, 4-Undecynoic acid, 5-Undecynoic acid, 6-Undecynoic acid Alkynoic acid, 7-undecynoic acid, 8-undecynoic acid, 9-undecynoic acid, 10-undecynoic acid, 3-dodecynoic acid, 4-dodecynoic acid, 5-dodecynoic acid, 6-dodecynoic acid, 7-dodecynoic acid, 8-dodecynoic acid, 9-dodecynoic acid, 10-dodecynoic acid, 11-dodecynoic acid, 3-tridecynoic acid, 4-tridecynoic acid, 5-tridecynoic acid, 6-tridecynoic acid, 7-tridecynoic acid, 8-tridecynoic acid, 9-tridecynoic acid, 10-tridecynoic acid, 11-tridecynoic acid Acrynoic acid, 12-tridecynoic acid, 13-tridecynoic acid, 3-tetradecynoic acid, 4-tetradecynoic acid, 5-tetradecynoic acid, 6-tetradecynoic acid, 7-tetradecynoic acid, 8-tetradecynoic acid, 9-tetradecynoic acid, 10-tetradecynoic acid, 11-tetradecynoic acid, 12-tetradecynoic acid, 13-tetradecynoic acid, 3-pentadecenoic acid, 14-pentadecenoic acid, 2-hexadecynoic acid, 4-hexadecynoic acid, 7-hexadecynoic acid, 10-hexadecynoic acid, 7-heptadecenoic acid, 8-heptadecenoic acid, 9-tetradecynoic acid 1-Heptadecynoic acid, 12-Heptadecynoic acid, 16-Heptadecynoic acid, 2-Octadecynoic acid, 3-Octadecynoic acid, 4-Octadecynoic acid, 5-Octadecynoic acid, 6-Octadecynoic acid, 7-Octadecynoic acid, 8-Octadecynoic acid, 9-Octadecynoic acid, 10-Octadecynoic acid, 11-Octadecynoic acid, 12-Octadecynoic acid, 13-Octadecynoic acid, 14-Octadecynoic acid, 15-Octadecynoic acid, 16-Octadecynoic acid, 17-Octadecynoic acid, 18-Nonadecynoic acid, 13-Docosynoic acid.

[0535] Diynoic acids having 10 to 22 carbon atoms include:

[0536] 2,4-Decanediynoic acid, 5,11-Dodecadiynoic acid, 3,9-Hexadecanediynoic acid, 7,10-Hexadecanediynoic acid, 8,10-Hexadecanediynoic acid, 5,8-Heptadecanediynoic acid, 6,9-Heptadecanediynoic acid, 7,10-Heptadecanediynoic acid, 10,16-Heptadecanediynoic acid, 2,5-Octadecadiynoic acid, 2,6-Octadecadiynoic acid, 2,7-Octadecadiynoic acid, 3,6-Octadecadiynoic acid, 3,7-Octadecadiynoic acid, 3,8-Octadecadiynoic acid Alkynoic acid, 4,6-octadecanediynoic acid, 4,7-octadecanediynoic acid, 4,8-octadecanediynoic acid, 4,9-octadecanediynoic acid, 5,7-octadecanediynoic acid, 5,8-octadecanediynoic acid, 5,9-octadecanediynoic acid, 5,10-octadecanediynoic acid, 5,12-octadecanediynoic acid, 6,8-octadecanediynoic acid, 6,9-octadecanediynoic acid, 6,10-octadecanediynoic acid, 6,11-octadecanediynoic acid, 6,12-octadecanediynoic acid, 7,9-octadecanediynoic acid, Octadiynoic acid, 7,10-octadiynoic acid, 7,11-octadiynoic acid, 7,12-octadiynoic acid, 8,10-octadiynoic acid, 8,11-octadiynoic acid, 8,12-octadiynoic acid, 9,11-octadiynoic acid, 9,12-octadiynoic acid, 9,13-octadiynoic acid, 10,12-octadiynoic acid, 10,13-octadiynoic acid, 10,14-octadiynoic acid, 11,14-octadiynoic acid, 1 1,15-octadecadiynoic acid, 12,14-octadecadiynoic acid, 12,15-octadecadiynoic acid, 12,16-octadecadiynoic acid, 13,16-octadecadiynoic acid, 13,17-octadecadiynoic acid, 14,17-octadecadiynoic acid, 10,13-nonadecadiynoic acid, 7,3-eicosadiynoic acid, 8,11-eicosadiynoic acid, 10,13-eicosadiynoic acid, 12,14-pentacosadiynoic acid, 12,14-heptacosadiynoic acid.

[0537] Triynoic acids with 12-22 carbon atoms include:

[0538] 5,8,11-dodecantriynoic acid, 9,11,13-pentadecantriynoic acid, 5,8,11-heptadecantriynoic acid, 5,8,11-octadecantriynoic acid, 6,9,12-octadecantriynoic acid, 8,11,14-octadecantriynoic acid, 8,11,14-nonadecantriynoic acid, 5,8,11-eicosatriynoic acid, 6,9,12-eicosatriynoic acid, 7,10,13-eicosatriynoic acid, 8,11,14-eicosatriynoic acid, 9,12,15-eicosatriynoic acid, 3,9,15-docosatriynoic acid, 8,11,14-docosatriynoic acid, 10,13,16-docosatriynoic acid.

[0539] Enynoic acid having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably containing one or two C=C double bonds and one, two or three triple bonds, including: 10-ene-8-heptadecynoic acid, 9-ene-12-octadecynoic acid, 11-ene-9-octadecynoic acid, 17-ene-9-octadecynoic acid, 9,12-diene-6-octadecynoic acid, 9,14-diene-12-octadecynoic acid, 11,13-diene-9-octadecynoic acid, 5,8,14-triene-11-eicosynoic acid, 5,11,14-triene-8-eicosynoic acid, 8,11,14-triene-5-eicosynoic acid, 6-ene-2,4-octadiynoic acid, 8-ene-4,6-decadiynoic acid, 2,8-diene-4,6-decadiynoic acid, 8-diene-4,6-undecadienoic acid, 10,12-diene-4,6-tetradecadiynoic acid, 5-ene-7,9-octadecadienoic acid, 9-ene-12,14-octadecadienoic acid, 13-ene-9,11-octadecadienoic acid, 17-ene-9,11-octadecadienoic acid, 13,17-diene-9,11-octadecadienoic acid, 3-ene-5,7,10-undecadienoic acid, 4-ene-6,8,10-undecadienoic acid.

[0540] The main chain has 3-30 carbon atoms, the side chain has 1-10 alkyl groups and / or 1-3 hydroxyl groups, preferably saturated fatty acids with 1-3 methyl groups or fatty acids with C=C double bonds, including: 2-methylpropionic acid, 2-methylbutanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylpropionic acid, 2-methyl-2-butenoic acid, 3-methyl-2-butenoic acid, 3-methyl-3-butenoic acid, 2-ethyl-2-propenoic acid, 2-methylpentanoic acid, 3-methylpentanoic acid, 3,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid, 2-ethylbutanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylbutanoic acid, 3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid, 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid, 3-methyl 2-Butyl-3-pentenoic acid, 3-methyl-4-pentenoic acid, 4-methyl-2-pentenoic acid, 4-methyl-3-pentenoic acid, 4-methyl-4-pentenoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenoic acid, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenoic acid, 2-methylhexanoic acid, 3-methylhexanoic acid, 4-methylhexanoic acid, 5-methylhexanoic acid, 2-ethylpentanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid, 3,3-dimethylpentanoic acid, 3,4-dimethylpentanoic acid, 4,4-dimethylpentanoic acid, 2-ethyl-methylbutanoic acid, 2-methyl-2-hexenoic acid, 5-methyl-5-hexenoic acid, 2-butyl-2-propenoic acid, 2-isopropyl-2-butenoic acid, 3-isopropyl-3-butenoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl- 4-Pentenoic acid, 4,4-dimethyl-2-pentenoic acid, 2-methylheptanoic acid, 3-methylheptanoic acid, 5-methylheptanoic acid, 6-methylheptanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-2-methyl-pentanoic acid, 2-methyl-2-heptenoic acid, 5-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-heptenoic acid, 6-methyl-5-heptenoic acid, 2-ethyl-3-hexenoic acid, 3-tert-butyl-3-butenoic acid, 2-methyloctanoic acid, 3-methyloctanoic acid, 4-methyloctanoic acid, 5-methyloctanoic acid, 6-methyloctanoic acid, 7-methyloctanoic acid, 2-isopropylhexanoic acid, 6,6-dimethyl-heptanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, 6-methyl-5-octenoic acid, 2-pentyl-3 -Butenoic acid, 6-methyl-2,4-octadienoic acid, 8-hydroxy-6-methyl-2,4-octadienoic acid, 2-methylnonanoic acid, 3-methylnonanoic acid, 4-methylnonanoic acid, 7-methylnonanoic acid, 8-methylnonanoic acid, 3-methyl-2-nonenoic acid, 2,7-dimethyl-6-octenoic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-2-octenoic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenoic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoic acid, 2-methyldecanoic acid, 3-methyldecanoic acid, 4-methyldecanoic acid, 5-methyldecanoic acid, 6-methyldecanoic acid, 7-methyldecanoic acid, 8-methyldecanoic acid, 9-methyldecanoic acid, 3,3-dimethylnonanoic acid, 4,8-dimethylnonanoic acid, 8,8-dimethylnonanoic acid, 2,7-Dimethyl-6-nonenoic acid, 4-ethyl-2-methyl-2-octenoic acid, 2-methylundecanoic acid, 3-methylundecanoic acid, 4-methylundecanoic acid, 5-methylundecanoic acid, 6-methylundecanoic acid, 8-methylundecanoic acid, 9-methylundecanoic acid, 10-methylundecanoic acid, 4,9-dimethyldecanoic acid, 5-methyl-2-undecenoic acid, 2-methyldodecanoic acid, 3-methyldodecanoic acid, 4-methyldodecanoic acid, 5-methyldodecanoic acid, 6-methyldodecanoic acid, 7-methyldodecanoic acid, 8-methyldodecanoic acid, 9-methyldodecanoic acid, 10-methyldodecanoic acid, 11-methyldodecanoic acid, 2,6-dimethylundecanoic acid, 10,10-dimethylundecanoic acid, 2-methyl 2-Decyl-2-dodecenoic acid, 11-methyl-2-dodecenoic acid, 2-decyl-2-propenoic acid, 2-methyldodecanoic acid, 3-methyldodecanoic acid, 4-methyldodecanoic acid, 6-methyldodecanoic acid, 11-methyl-2,5-dodecadienoic acid, 11-hydroxy-4-methyl-2,4,6-dodecatrienoic acid, 2-methyltridecanoic acid, 3-methyltridecanoic acid, 4-methyltridecanoic acid, 6-methyltridecanoic acid, 9-methyltridecanoic acid, 12-methyltridecanoic acid, 2,4-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 2,5-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 2,6-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 4,8-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 4,10-dimethyldodecanoic acid, 4,11-dimethyldodecanoic acid Methyldodecanoic acid, 2,6,10-trimethylundecanoic acid, 5-methyl-2-tridecanoic acid, 2,4-dimethyl-2-dodecanoic acid, 2-methyl-tridecanoic acid, 3-methyl-tridecanoic acid, 4-methyl-tridecanoic acid, 2-methyltetradecanoic acid, 3-methyltetradecanoic acid, 11-methyltetradecanoic acid, 12-methyltetradecanoic acid, 13-methyltetradecanoic acid, 4,12-dimethyltridecanoic acid, 12,12-dimethyltridecanoic acid, 3,7,11-trimethyldodecanoic acid, 2,5-dimethyl-2-tridecenoic acid, 3-methyltetradecanoic acid, 5-methyltetradecanoic acid, 3-methylpentadecanoic acid, 13-methylpentadecanoic acid, 14-methylpentadecanoic acid, 2- Propyl tridecanoic acid, 2-heptyl nonanoic acid, 4-hexyl dodecanoic acid, 6-ethyl tetradecanoic acid, 2,4-dimethyl tetradecanoic acid, 2,6-dimethyl tetradecanoic acid, 2,8-dimethyl tetradecanoic acid, 2,12-dimethyl tetradecanoic acid, 2,13-dimethyl tetradecanoic acid, 3,5-dimethyl tetradecanoic acid, 4,12-dimethyl tetradecanoic acid, 4,13-dimethyl tetradecanoic acid, 10,13-dimethyl tetradecanoic acid, 13,13-dimethyl tetradecanoic acid, 2-ethyl-2-butyldecanoic acid, 3-ethyl-3-methyl tridecanoic acid, 4,8,12-trimethyl tridecanoic acid, 13-methyl-4-pentadecenoic acid, 14-methyl-4-pentadecenoic acid, 2-hexyl-2-decenoic acid, 2,4-dimethyl-2-tetradecenoic acid, 6-isopentyl-9-methyl-5-decenoic acid, 2-methylhexadecanoic acid, 3-methylhexadecanoic acid, 4-methylhexadecanoic acid, 5-methylhexadecanoic acid, 6-methylhexadecanoic acid, 7-methylhexadecanoic acid, 8-methylhexadecanoic acid, 9-methylhexadecanoic acid, 10-methylhexadecanoic acid, 11-methylhexadecanoic acid, 12-methylhexadecanoic acid, 13-methylhexadecanoic acid, 14-methylhexadecanoic acid, 15-methylhexadecanoic acid, 2,6-dimethyl-pentadecanoic acid, 4,8-dimethyl-pentadecanoic acid, 8,14-dimethyl-pentadecanoic acid, 9,14-dimethyl-pentadecanoic acid, 7-methyl-6-hexadecenoic acid, 9-methyl-10-hexadecenoic acid, 10-methyl- 9-hexadecenoic acid, 14-methyl-8-hexadecenoic acid, 15-methyl-6-hexadecenoic acid, 15-methyl-8-hexadecenoic acid, 15-methyl-9-hexadecenoic acid, 15-methyl-10-hexadecenoic acid, 15-methyl-11-hexadecenoic acid, 2-methylhexadecanoic acid, 3-methylhexadecanoic acid, 4-methylhexadecanoic acid, 5-methylhexadecanoic acid, 8-methylhexadecanoic acid, 2-methylheptadecanedioic acid, 10-methylheptadecanedioic acid, 14-methylheptadecanedioic acid, 15-methylheptadecanedioic acid, 16-methylheptadecanedioic acid, 3-hydroxy-16-methylheptadecanedioic acid, 2,6-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 2,14-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 4,8-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid Acid, 4,14-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 6,14-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 10,15-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 11,15-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 12,15-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 15,15-dimethyl-hexadecanoic acid, 2-methyl-16-heptadecanoic acid, 7-methyl-12-heptadecanoic acid, 9-methyl-6-heptadecanoic acid, 15-methyl-4-heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl-4-heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl-6-heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl-8-heptadecanoic acid, 8,9-methylene-8-heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl-6,9-heptadecanoic acid, 16-methyl-9,12-heptadecanoic acid, 4,6-dimethyl- Methyl-2,4-hexadecadienoic acid, 5,7-dimethyl-2,4-hexadecadienoic acid, 16-methyl-6,9,12-heptadecatrienoic acid, 2-methyloctadecanoic acid, 3-methyloctadecanoic acid, 4-methyloctadecanoic acid, 5-methyloctadecanoic acid, 6-methyloctadecanoic acid, 7-methyloctadecanoic acid, 8-methyloctadecanoic acid, 9-methyloctadecanoic acid, 10-methyloctadecanoic acid, 11-methyloctadecanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-11-methyloctadecanoic acid, 11,12-methylene-octadecanoic acid, 12-methyloctadecanoic acid, 13-methyloctadecanoic acid, 14-methyloctadecanoic acid, 15-methyloctadecanoic acid, 16-methyloctadecanoic acid, 17-methyloctadecanoic acid, 4,14-dimethyl-heptadecanoic acid. 10,16-dimethyl-heptadecanoic acid, 12,16-dimethyl-heptadecanoic acid, 10-methyl-9-octadecenoic acid, 11-methyl-12-octadecenoic acid, 17-methyl-6-octadecenoic acid, 17-methyl-7-octadecenoic acid, 17-methyl-13-octadecenoic acid, 2,5-dimethyl-2-heptadecanoic acid, 4-heptyl-2-methyl-2-undecenoic acid, 9,10-methylene-9-octadecenoic acid, 16-methyl-5,9-octadecadienoic acid, 17-methyl-5,9-octadecadienoic acid, 16-methyl-5,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, 11-methylnonadecanoic acid, 17-methylnonadecanoic acid, 18-methylnonadecanoic acid, 2,11-dimethyl -octadecanoic acid, 2,14-dimethyl-octadecanoic acid, 4,14-dimethyl-octadecanoic acid, 6,14-dimethyl-octadecanoic acid, 4,16-dimethyl-octadecanoic acid, 6,16-dimethyl-octadecanoic acid, 12,17-dimethyl-octadecanoic acid, 6-methyl-9-nonadecatrienoic acid, 18-methyl-5,8,11,14-nonadecatetraenoic acid, 18-methyleicosanoic acid, 19-methyleicosanoic acid, 2,6-dimethylnonadecanoic acid, 12,18-dimethylnonadecanoic acid, 2-methyl-2-eicosenoic acid, 2-propyl-9-octadecenoic acid, 18-methyl-5,9- Eicosadienoic acid, 19-methyl-5,9-eicosadienoic acid, 3-methylhenicosanoic acid, 19-methylhenicosanoic acid, 20-methylhenicosanoic acid, 14,19-dimethyleicosanoic acid, 2,4-dimethyl-2-eicosadienoic acid, 7,7-dimethyl-5,8-eicosadienoic acid, 7,7-dimethyl-5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid, 10,10-dimethyl-5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid, 20-methylbeicosanoic acid, 21-methylbeicosanoic acid, 22-methyltricosanoic acid, 21-methyltricosanoic acid, 2,4-dimethylbeicosanoic acid, 3,15-dimethylbeicosanoic acid, 23-methyl 2,4-dimethyltricosanoic acid, 23-methyl-5,9-tetracosadienoic acid, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6-docosadienoic acid, 23-methylpentacosanoic acid, 24-methylpentacosanoic acid, 2,4-dimethyltetracosanoic acid, 3,13,19-trimethyltricosanoic acid, 24-methylhexacosanoic acid, 2-methyl-2-hexacosenoic acid, 2,4-dimethyl-2-pentacosenoic acid, 2,4,6-trimethyl-2-tetracosenoic acid, 9,10-dimethyl-octadecanoic acid, 28-methyltriacontanoic acid, 2,4,6-trimethyloctadecanoic acid, 15,16-dimethyltriacontanoic acid.

[0541] Saturated straight-chain and branched dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids having 3 to 38 carbon atoms include:

[0542] Malonic acid, Succinic acid, 2-methylmalonic acid, Glutaric acid, 2,2-dimethylmalonic acid, 2-methylsuccinic acid, 2-ethylmalonic acid, Adipic acid, 2,2-dimethylsuccinic acid, 2-methyl-glutaric acid, 3-methyl-glutaric acid, 2-hydroxyadipic acid, 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyadipic acid, 3-hydroxymethyl-glutaric acid, Pimelic acid, 3,3-dimethylglutaric acid, 3-methyl-adipic acid, Suberic acid, Azelaic acid, Sebacic acid , undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, heptadecanedioic acid, octadecanedioic acid, 9,10-dihydroxy-octadecanedioic acid, nonadecanedioic acid, eicosane Diacid, hexadecanedioic acid, docosanedioic acid, tricosanedioic acid, tetracosanedioic acid, hexacosanedioic acid, heptacosanedioic acid, nonacosanedioic acid, triacontanedioic acid, 13,14-dimethyl-octacosanedioic acid.

[0543] Unsaturated straight-chain or branched dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms (which may also be dicarboxylic acids or tricarboxylic acids containing hydroxyl groups or amino groups) include:

[0544] Butenedioic acid, 2-hydroxy-2-butenedioic acid, 2-methyl-2-butenedioic acid, 2-methyl-2-pentenedioic acid, 3-hexenedioic acid, 3-hydroxy-2,4-hexadienedioic acid, 2-pentyl-4-tridecenedioic acid, 2-(2-octenyl)-1,10-decanedioic acid, 2-(2,5-octadienyl)-1,10-decanedioic acid, 2-(2-pentenyl)-4-tridecene-1,13-dioic acid, 2-ene-4-octadecyne-dioic acid;

[0545] The tricarboxylic acids having 4 carbon atoms and substituted with a hydroxyl group include:

[0546] 3-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 1-butene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, 1,3-butadiene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid.

[0547] The saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids used in the present invention also include amino-, hydroxyl-, oxo- and / or alkyl-substituted fatty acids as described below. Specifically, they can be:

[0548] 1) Amino fatty acids and acylamino fatty acids: carboxylic acids with 3 to 18 carbon atoms, amino, hydroxy, oxo and / or methyl substituted, including one or more amino fatty acids selected from the following group: 2-amino-3-hydroxy-propionic acid, 2,3-diamino-propionic acid, 2-amino-butyric acid, 4-amino-butyric acid, 2-amino-3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid, 2-methyl-2-amino-propionic acid, 2-methyl-3-amino-propionic acid, 3 -methyl-3-amino-propionic acid, 2,4-diamino-butyric acid, 2-amino-3-oxo-butyric acid, 2-amino-pentanoic acid, 4-amino-pentanoic acid, 5-amino-pentanoic acid, 2-amino-3-methyl-butyric acid, 2,5-diamino-pentanoic acid, 2-amino-4-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid, 2-amino-4-oxo-pentanoic acid, 2-oxo-5-amino-pentanoic acid, 4-oxo-5-amino-pentanoic acid, 2-amino-hexanoic acid, 6-amino-hexanoic acid, 2-amino-3-methyl-pentanoic acid, 2-amino-4-methyl-pentanoic acid, 3-oxo-5-amino-hexanoic acid, 2-amino-adipic acid, 2-amino-3-oxo-adipic acid, 2-amino-6-oxo-2,4-hexadienoic acid, 2-amino-2,4-hexadienedioic acid, 2-amino-heptanoic acid, 2,6-diamino-pimelic acid, 2-amino-4,5-dihydroxy-6-oxo-heptanoic acid, 2-amino-octanoic acid, 3-amino-octanoic acid, 8-amino 1-amino-octanoic acid, 3-amino-nonanoic acid, 9-amino-nonanoic acid, 7,8-diamino-nonanoic acid, 7-oxo-8-amino-nonanoic acid, 2-amino-decanoic acid, 3-amino-decanoic acid, 9-amino-decanoic acid, 10-amino-decanoic acid, 11-amino-undecanoic acid, 12-amino-dodecanoic acid, 2-amino-tridecanoic acid, 13-amino-tridecanoic acid, 2-amino-tetradecanoic acid, 2-amino-hexadecanoic acid, 2-amino-octadecanoic acid, 12-amino-octadecanoic acid.

[0549] 2) N-acylamino acids, including the following N-acylamino acids having 6 to 30 carbon atoms: N-hexadecanoyl-γ-aminobutyric acid, N-octadecanoyl-γ-aminobutyric acid, N-(9-octadecenoyl)-γ-aminobutyric acid, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl)-γ-aminobutyric acid, N-(12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoyl)-γ-aminobutyric acid, N-(15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoyl)-γ-aminobutyric acid, and N-(4,7,10,12,16,19-docosahexaenoyl)-γ-aminobutyric acid;

[0550] N-(6-aminohexanoyl)-6-aminohexanoic acid; N-hexadecanoylalanine, N-octadecanoylalanine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)alanine, N-(5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoyl)alanine, N-(12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoyl)alanine, N-(15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoyl)alanine; N-octadecanoylarginine; N-octadecanoylasparagine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)asparagine, N-tetradecanoylglutamine, N-hexadecanoylglutamine, N-(9-hexadecenoyl)glutamine, N-octadecanoylglutamine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)glutamine, N-(9,12-octadecadienoyl)glutamine, N-(17 -hydroxy-9,12-octadecadienoyl)glutamine, N-(9,12,15-octadecatrienoyl)glutamine, N-(17-hydroxy-9,12,15-octadecatrienoyl)glutamine, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl)glutamine, N-(4,7,10,12,16,19-docosahexaenoyl)glutamine; N-hexadecanoylglutamate, N-octadecanoylglutamate, N-(9-octadecenoyl)glutamate, N-(9,12-octadecadienoyl)glutamate, N-(9,12,15-octadecatrienoyl)glutamate, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl)glutamate, N-(4,7,10,12,16,19-docosahexaenoyl)glutamate;

[0551] N-dodecanoylglycine, N-(3-hydroxy-tetradecanoyl)glycine, N-(14-methyl-3-(13-methyl-4-tetradecenoyloxy)-pentadecanoyl)-glycine, N-hexadecanoylglycine, N-(3-hydroxy-hexadecanoyl)glycine, N-(3-hydroxy-9-hexadecenoyl)glycine, N-(15-methylhexadecanoyl)glycine, N-(3-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecanoyl)glycine, N-( 2,3,4-trihydroxy-15-methylhexadecanoyl)glycine, N-octadecanoylglycine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)glycine, N-(3-hydroxy-9-octadecenoyl)glycine, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl)glycine, N-(12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoyl)glycine, N-(15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoyl)glycine;

[0552] N-hexanoylhistidine, N-octanoylhistidine, N-decanoylhistidine, N-(3,4-methylene-decanoyl)histidine, N-hexadecanoylhistidine, N-octadecanoylhistidine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)histidine, N-(4,7,10,12,16,19-docosahexaenoyl)histidine; N-hexadecanoylisoleucine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)isoleucine, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl)isoleucine;

[0553] N-hexadecanoylleucine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)leucine, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl)leucine; α-N-dodecanoyllysine, 6-N-dodecanoyllysine, α-N-tetradecanoyllysine, 6-N-tetradecanoyllysine, α-N-(5-tetradecenoyl)lysine, 6-N-(5-tetradecenoyl)lysine, α-N-(5,8-tetradecenoyl)lysine, 6-N-(5,8-tetradecenoyl)lysine; N-hexadecanoylmethionine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)methionine amino acids; α-N-(3-hydroxy-13-methyl-tetradecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-hydroxy-hexadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-hydroxy-14-methyl-pentadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-hydroxyoctadecanoyl)ornithine; N-hexadecanoylphenylalanine, N-octadecanoylphenylalanine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)phenylalanine, N-(4,7,10,12,16,19-docosahexaenoyl)phenylalanine; N-hexadecanoylproline, N-octadecanoylproline, N-(9-octadecenoyl)proline;

[0554] N-hexadecanoylserine, N-octadecanoylserine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)serine, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl)serine; N-hexadecanoyltaurine, N-heptadecanoyltaurine, N-octadecanoyltaurine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)taurine, N-(9,12-octadecadienoyl)taurine, N-nonadecanoyltaurine, N-(9-nonadecanoyl)taurine, N-eicosanoyltaurine, N-(11-eicosenoyl)taurine, N-(5,8,11,1 Taurine, N-(12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoyl)taurine, N-(15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoyl)taurine, N-heneicosanoyltaurine, N-docosanoyltaurine, N-(13-docosanoyl)taurine, N-tricosanoyltaurine, N-(14-tricosanoyl)taurine, N-tetracosanoyltaurine, N-(15-tetracosanoyl)taurine, N-pentacoyltaurine, N-hexacosanoyltaurine Taurine; N-hexadecanoylthreonine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)threonine; N-hexadecanoyltryptophan, N-octadecanoyltryptophan, N-(9-octadecenoyl)tryptophan; N-dodecanoyl-6-methyl-tyrosine, N-hexadecanoyltyrosine, N-hexadecanoyl-α,O-dimethyltyrosine, N-octadecanoyltyrosine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)tyrosine, N-(5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoyl)tyrosine, N-nonanoyl-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine, N-decanoyl-2,3-dehydro -tyrosine, N-(8-methylnonanoyl)-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine, N-dodecanoyl-6-methyl-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine, N-(2-dodecenoyl)-6-methyl-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine, N-hexadecanoyl-α,O-dimethyltyrosine, N-octadecanoyl-O-methyl-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine, N-(9-octadecenoyl)-O-methyl-2,3-dehydro-tyrosine; N-hexadecanoyl valine, N-octadecanoyl valine, N-(9,12-octadecadienoyl) valine.

[0555] 3) Amino acids containing two or more fatty acyl groups, including the following:

[0556] N-(15-methyl-3-(12-methyltridecanoyloxy)-hexadecanoyl)-glycine, N-(15-methyl-3-(13-methyltetradecanoyloxy)-hexadecanoyl)-glycine, N-(15-methyl-3-(13-methyl-4-tetradecenoyloxy)-hexadecanoyl)-glycine, N-(15-methyl-3-(13-methyl-tetradecanoyloxy)-hexadecanoyl)glycine;

[0557] α-N-(3-hexadecanoyloxy-hexadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-octadecanoyloxy-octadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-(3-hydroxyoctadecanoyloxy)-octadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-(11,12-methylene)octadecanoyloxy-hexadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-(11,12-methylene)octadecanoyloxy-octadecanoyl)ornithine, α-N-(3-(3-hydroxy-(11,12-methylene)octadecanoyloxy)-octadecanoyl)ornithine;

[0558] N-(3-Oxydecanoyl)-leucyl)alanine, N-((3-(13-methyl-tetradecanoyloxy)-13-methyl-hexadecanoyl)glycyl)serine, N-((15-methyl-3-(13-methyltetradecyloxy)-hexadecanoyl)-glycyl)-serine, N-(((3-hydroxy-15-methyl-hexadecanoyl)-glycyl)-seryl)-ornithine, N-((3-hydroxy-13-methyl-hexadecanoyl)-glycyl)-serine, N-((9-octadecenoyl)-β-alanyl)-L-histidine;

[0559] 4) Multiple acids linked by thioether bonds and amide bonds, including the following: 11,15-dihydroxy-14-(S-cysteinyl-glycyl)-5,8,12-eicosatrienoic acid, 11,15-dihydroxy-14-(S-glutathione)-5,8,12-eicosatrienoic acid.

[0560] The saturated and / or unsaturated fatty alcohols used to provide the above-mentioned carbon chain or carbon chain residue specifically include the fatty alcohols shown below.

[0561] Saturated fatty straight or branched chain alcohols with 3-33 carbon atoms and 1-3 hydroxyl groups, including:

[0562] Propane-1-ol, butane-1-ol, 2-methylpropane-1-ol, pentane-1-ol, 2-methylbutane-1-ol, 3-methylbutane-1-ol, hexane-1-ol, hexane-2-ol, hexane-3-ol, hexane-1,5-diol, 3-methylpentane-1-ol, 3-methylpentane-3-ol, 4-methylpentane-1-ol, 1-methyl-cyclopentane-1-ol, heptane-1-ol, heptane-2-ol, heptane-3-ol, heptane-4-ol, 3-methylhexane-2-ol, 4-methylhexane-3-ol, 5-methylhexane-3-ol, heptane-1,2,3-triol, octane-1-ol, octane-2-ol, octane-3-ol, octane-1,2-diol, octane-1,3-diol, octane -1,8-diol, 2-methylheptane-4-ol, 3-methylheptane-2-ol, 4-methylheptane-2-ol, 4-methylheptane-3-ol, nonane-1-ol, nonane-2-ol, nonane-3-ol, nonane-5-ol, 2-methyloctan-4-ol, 3-methyloctan-4-ol, 4-methyloctan-1-ol, 5-methyloctan-4-ol, 6-methyloctan-3-ol, 3,5,5-trimethylhexane-1-ol, decane-1-ol, decane-2-ol, decane-3-ol, 4-methylnonane-1-ol, 4-methylnonane-5-ol, 6-methylnonane-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyloctan-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyloctan-1,7-diol, undecane-1-ol, undecane -2-ol, undecan-3-ol, dodecan-1-ol, tridecan-1-ol, tridecan-2-ol, 4-methyl-dodecan-7-ol, 10-methyl-dodecan-1-ol, tetradecan-1-ol, 4-methyl-tridecan-7-ol, 3,9-dimethyl-dodecan-6-ol, 2,2,10-trimethyl-undecane-1,10-diol, pentadecane-1-ol, pentadecane-2-ol, 4-methyl-tetradecane-7-ol, 3,7-dimethyltridecan-2-ol, 4,10-dimethyltridecan-7-ol, hexadecan-1-ol, 14-methyl-pentadecan-1-ol, 3,7-dimethyltetradecane-2-ol, heptadecan-2-ol, 4-methyl-hexadecan-7-ol, 3,7-dimethyl Methylpentadecan-2-ol, 6,10,13-trimethyl-tetradecan-1-ol, 2-methyl-hexadecane-1,2-diol, heptadecan-1,17-diol, octadecan-1-ol, 3,7-dimethylhexadecan-2-ol, 2-methyl-heptadecan-1,2-diol, 3-methyl-heptadecan-1,2-diol, 11-methyl-heptadecan-1,2-diol, nonadecan-1,2-diol, nonadecan-1,2,4-triol, 2-methyl-octadecane-1,2-diol, eicosan-1-ol, eicosan-1,2-diol, eicosan-1,3-diol, eicosan-1,20-diol, 13-methyl-eicosan-1,2-diol, heneicosan-1,2-diol, heneicosan-1,21-diol, 15-methyl-heneicosan-1,2-diol, docosan-1-ol, docosan-1,2-diol, docosan-1,3-diol, 15-methyl-heneicosan-1,2-diol, tricosan-12-ol, tricosan-1,2-diol, tetracosan-1-ol, tetracosan-1,2-diol, tetracosan-1,3-diol, tetracosan-1,24-diol, hexacosan-1-ol, hexacosan-1,26-diol, 23-hexacosen-1-ol, heptacosan-1-ol, heptacosan-14-ol, heptacosan-6,8-diol, octacosan-1-ol, octacosan-1,28-diol, nonacosan-1-ol, nonacosan-10-ol, nonacosan-15-ol, nonacosan-6,8-diol, triacontan-1-ol, triacontan-1,11-diol, triacontan-1,14-diol, dotriacontan-1-ol, tritriacontan-1-ol, tetratriacontan-1-ol.

[0563] Unsaturated fatty straight-chain or branched alcohols with 3-33 carbon atoms, 1-5 double bonds and 1-5 triple bonds, and 1-3 hydroxyl groups, including:

[0564] 2-Penten-1-ol, 2-methylenebutane-1-ol, 2-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 2-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, 2-hexen-1-ol, 3-hexen-1-ol, 3-hexen-3-ol, 4-hexen-1-ol, 4-hepten-1-ol, 4-hepten-2-ol, 2,4-heptadien-1-ol, 6-methylheptane-3-ol, 2,4-dimethyl-hexane-1-ol, 2-ethylhexane-1-ol, 1-octene-3-ol, 2-octene-1-ol, 3-octene-1-ol, 3-octene-2-ol, 5-octene-1-ol, 7-octene-2-ol, 4-methyl-4-heptene-3-ol, 6-methyl-2-heptene-4-ol, 6-methyl-5-hept ...6-methyl-2-heptene-4-ol, 6-methyl-5-heptene-2-ol, 6-methyl-2-heptene-4-ol, 6-methyl-5-heptene-2-ol, 6-methyl-2-heptene-4-ol, 6-methyl-2-heptene-4-ol, 6-methyl-2-heptene-4-ol, 6-methyl-2-heptene-4-ol, 6-methyl-2-heptene-4-ol, 6-methyl- -octene-1,3-diol, 1,5-octadien-3-ol, 9,12-octadien-1-ol, 2,4-dimethyl-2,4-hexadien-1-ol, 2,4,6-octatriyn-1-ol, 1-nonen-3-ol, 2-nonen-1-ol, 3-nonen-1-ol, 6-nonen-1-ol, 6-nonen-2-ol, 2,4-dimethyl-5-hepten-1-ol, 2,6-dimethyl-5-hepten-1-ol, 2,6-dimethyl-6-hepten-1-ol, 2,4-nonadien-1-ol, 3,6-nonadien-1-ol, 6,8-nonadien-2-ol, 2,4-dimethyl-2,4-heptadien-1-ol, 1-decen-3-ol, 2-decen-1-ol, 3-decen-1-ol, 4-Decen-1-ol, 5-Decen-1-ol, 7-Decen-1-ol, 7-Methyl-6-nonen-3-ol, 2,6-Dimethyl-6-octen-2-ol, 2,6-Dimethyl-7-octen-2,3,6-triol, 7-Methyl-3-methylene-octane-1,6,7-triol, 2,4-Decadien-1-ol, 7,9-Decadien-1-ol, 3,7-Dimethyl-3,6-octadien-1-ol, 4,6-Decadien-1-ol, 2,6-Dimethyl-2,7-octadien-1,6-diol, 2-Methyl-6-methylene-2,7-octadien-1-ol, 2-En-4,6,8-Decatriyn-1-ol, 1-Undecen-3-ol, 2-Undecen-1-ol, 6-Undecen- 2-ol, 10-undecen-1-ol, 3-methyl-4-decen-1-ol, 3,4,7-trimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol, dodecan-2-ol, 2-butyloctane-1-ol, 3-dodecen-1-ol, 5-dodecen-1-ol, 6-dodecen-1-ol, 7-dodecen-1-ol, 8-dodecen-1-ol, 9-dodecen-1-ol, 10-dodecen-1-ol, 11-dodecen-1-ol, 3,5-dodecadien-1-ol, 3,6-dodecadien-1-ol, 5,7-dodecadien-1-ol, 7,9-dodecadien-1-ol, 8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, 9,11-dodecadien-1-ol, 3,4,7-trimethyl-2,6-nonadien-1-ol, 3,6,8-dodecatrien-1-ol, 3,6,9-dodecatrien-1-ol, 6-tridecen-2-ol, 10-tridecen-2-ol, 11-ene-3,5,7,9-tridecatetrayn-1-ol, 3-tetradecen-1-ol, 5-tetradecen-1-ol, 7-tetradecen-1-ol, 8-tetradecen-1-ol, 9-tetradecen-1-ol, 11-tetradecen-1-ol, 9-(2-cyclopentenyl)-1-ol, 8,10-tetradecadien-1-ol, 9,11-tetradecadien-1-ol, 9,12-tetradecadien-1-ol, 10,12-tetradecadien-1-ol, 11,13-tetradecadien-1-ol, 3-methyl-6-(1-methyl- ethyl)-3,9-decadien-1-ol, 13-ene-2,4-tetradecadien-1-ol, 13-ene-1,3-tetradecadiyn-6,7-diol, 9-pentadecen-1-ol, 5,10-pentadecen-1-ol, 8,10-pentadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-6,10-dodecadien-1-ol, 7-hexadecadien-1-ol, 9-hexadecadien-1-ol, 11-hexadecadien-1-ol, 4,6-hexadecadien-1-ol, 6,11-hexadecadien-1-ol, 7,11-hexadecadien-1-ol, 10,12-hexadecadien-1-ol, 11,13-hexadecadien-1-ol, 10-propyl-5,9-tridecadien-1-ol Alcohol, 13-ene-11-hexadecyne-1-ol, 4,6,10-hexadecatriene-1-ol, 8-heptadecyne-2-ol, 11-heptadecyne-1-ol, 14-methyl-8-hexadecen-1-ol, 16-heptadecyne-1,2,4-triol, 16-heptadecyne-1,2,4-triol, 2,6,8,12-tetramethyl-2,4-tridecadien-1-ol, 4,6-heptadecadiyn-3,9,10-triol, 1-ene-4,6-heptadecadiyn-3,9-diol, 1-ene-4,6-heptadecadiyn-3,9,10-triol, 1,9-diene-4,6-heptadecadiyn-3-ol, 1,8-diene-4,6-heptadecadiyn-3,10-diol, 1,9-diene -4,6-heptadecadiene-3,8-diol, 2,9-diene-4,6-heptadecadiene-1,8-diol, 1,16-diene-4,6-heptadecadiene-3,9,10-triol, 1,9,16-triene-4,6-heptadecadiene-3,8-diol, 9-octadecene-1-ol, 11-octadecene-1-ol, 13-octadecene-1-ol, 2,13-octadecene-1-ol, 3,13-octadecene-1-ol, 9,12-octadecene-1-ol, 9,12,15-octadecatriene-1-ol, 11-eicosene-1-ol, 15-eicosene-1-ol, 6,9-eicosadiene-11-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-6,10,14-eicosatrien-1-ol, 6-eicosapentaen-11-ol, 6,9-eicosadien-11-ol, 3,7,11,15,19-pentamethyl-2,6,10,14,18-eicosapentaen-1-ol.

[0565] Oxylated fatty alcohols (alcohol ketones with 8 to 31 carbon atoms, containing 1 to 3 double bonds or triple bonds and 1 to 3 hydroxyl groups, the ketone being a monoketone or a diketone) include:

[0566] 1-Hydroxyoctane-3-one, 3-hydroxymethylheptane-2-one, 6-methyl-7-hydroxy-3,5-heptadien-1-one, 6-methyl-7-hydroxy-3,5-heptadien-2-one, 1-hydroxy-nonane-3-one, 1-hydroxy-nonane-6-one, 3-hydroxymethyloctane-2-one, 1,3-dihydroxy-8-decen-5-one, 1-hydroxy-5-phenyl-pentane-3-one Ketone, 3-hydroxypentadecan-4-one, 1-(furan-3-yl)-6-hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-1-one, 1-hydroxy-2,12,15-heneicosatrie-4-one, 2-(12-hydroxy-5,10-dodecadiyn-1-yl)-3,5,6-trimethyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 25-hydroxy-triacontane-14,16-dione.

[0567] Furthermore, the water-soluble portion is a natural or synthetic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonyloxy group, a phosphate group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a urea group, a guanidine group, a quaternary ammonium group, or a thiol group structure, including proteins, polypeptides, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and polymer compounds having the above structures, such as:

[0568] Water-soluble macromolecules: water-soluble proteins such as serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein, glucan (dextran), hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, water-soluble cellulose derivatives, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives, water-soluble chitosan derivatives, polyethylene glycol and carboxylated or amino polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxylated or quaternized polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, ammonium polyacrylate;

[0569] Water-soluble medium molecules: one or more medium molecules selected from the group consisting of polypeptides, oligopeptides, water-soluble polyamino acids (polymers formed by polymerization of the same amino acids), oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides and synthetic water-soluble medium polymers.

[0570] Water-soluble small molecules: including monosaccharides or disaccharides, amino acids, nucleotides, and vitamins;

[0571] The water-soluble molecules can impart the hydrophobic active part with the property of being dissolved and uniformly dispersed in aqueous solution, and prevent the hydrophobic structure from aggregating.

[0572] Further in a preferred embodiment, the water-soluble macromolecule can be a water-soluble protein such as serum albumin, immunoglobulin, water-soluble collagen, chaperone protein, water-soluble glycoprotein, CD14; further in a preferred embodiment, the water-soluble macromolecule can also be a water-soluble polysaccharide such as dextran (dextran), hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetyl water-soluble cellulose derivatives, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives, water-soluble chitosan derivatives;

[0573] In addition, the water-soluble macromolecule may also be a water-soluble high molecular polymer such as polyethylene glycol and carboxylated or amino polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and carboxylated or quaternized polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, and ammonium polyacrylate.

[0574] Further in a preferred embodiment, the medium-sized water-soluble molecules (referred to as "water-soluble medium molecules") can be; targeting polypeptides include proteins or neutralizing antibody fragments that specifically target microbial lipid membranes, bacterial and fungal cell walls, and viral surface protein domains, such as taurine transport peptide, SBP1; water-soluble polyamino acids such as polyglutamic acid, polylysine, and polyaspartic acid; and oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, and oligonucleotides.

[0575] In a further preferred embodiment, the water-soluble small molecules may be monosaccharides and disaccharides such as glucose, fructose, rhamnose, sorbose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, and trehalose; nucleotides and deoxynucleotides such as adenylic acid, guanylic acid, uridine monophosphate, cytidylic acid, thymidylic acid, inosinic acid, deoxyadenylic acid, deoxyguanylic acid, deoxycytidylic acid, and deoxythymidylic acid;

[0576] Amino acids such as serine, threonine, cysteine, asparagine, glutamine, tyrosine, lysine, arginine, histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, citrulline, ornithine, taurine, and aminobutyric acid; vitamins such as vitamin B1, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin C.

[0577] Furthermore, for the complex of the present invention, the coupling mode between the active part, the binding part and the water-soluble part is

[0578] (1) coupling by hydrogen bonds and intermolecular forces;

[0579] (2) coupling via amide, ester, hydrazone, or thioether bonds;

[0580] More specifically, the complex for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection of the present invention is a compound obtained by reacting saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids having 3-100 carbon atoms with proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides and / or polysaccharide molecules; or it is a compound obtained by reacting saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids having 3-50 carbon atoms with proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligonucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acids and / or unreacted proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligonucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules.

[0581] More specifically, the complex for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection of the present invention is a complex formed by physical and chemical action or a mixture obtained by direct physical mixing of saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids with 3-100 carbon atoms and proteins, polypeptides, oligopeptides, oligosaccharides, monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligonucleotides, vitamins, water-soluble polymers, water-soluble polyamino acids and / or polysaccharide molecules, wherein the physical and chemical action includes hydrogen bonding or van der Waals forces or a combination of the two.

[0582] For example, the carboxyl group in the active group reacts with the amino group in the lysine residue in the water-soluble protein or polypeptide to form an amide. The simplified reaction formula is shown in the following equation;

[0583]

[0584] Wherein, R is a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms.

[0585] The terminal amino groups in water-soluble proteins and peptides react with the carboxyl groups of fatty acids to form amide bonds:

[0586]

[0587] Wherein, R is a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 100 carbon atoms.

[0588] Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, human serum albumin (HSA) is used as an example of a protein, SBP1 is used as an example of a polypeptide, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), octadecatrienoic acid (linolenic acid), octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid), octadecamonic acid (oleic acid), octanoic acid, and fumaric acid are used as examples of carbon chain donors to form the active portion. The preferred complex of the present invention is illustrated below:

[0589] (1) The reaction product of the lysine side chain in albumin (HSA) or SBP1 molecules with fatty acids - the amidated complex:

[0590]

[0591] The reaction products are shown below:

[0592]

[0593]

[0594]

[0595] In the above products, the carbon chain of fatty acids is the active part, and albumin and polypeptides are both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0596] (2) The fatty acid and the protein are linked by a linker, wherein the linker comprises one or more of amino acids, succinic acid, butadienoic acid, glutaric acid, hexamethylenediamine dicarboxylic acid, carbamate, short peptide, polyethylene glycol, and derivatives of the above compounds.

[0597] For example, 34-Cys in albumin (HSA) has a free sulfhydryl group, which reacts with fatty acids and N-hydroxymaleimide to form thioether products:

[0598]

[0599] The product structure is shown below:

[0600]

[0601] In the above products, fatty acids and connecting molecules are the active parts together, and albumin (HSA) is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0602] In another embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection of the present invention can be an ester formed by the hydroxyl group in a water-soluble polysaccharide (dextrose, hyaluronic acid, water-soluble cellulose derivative, cyclodextrin, etc.) and the carboxyl group of a fatty acid.

[0603] Specifically, polysaccharides include dextran and hyaluronic acid, and carbon chain donors include docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), octadecatrienoic acid (linolenic acid), octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid), octadecamonic acid (oleic acid), octanoic acid, and fumaric acid. In a more specific embodiment, the complex of the present invention includes a complex with the following structure.

[0604] (1) Complex obtained by reaction of glucan and fatty acid:

[0605]

[0606] The resulting complex has one or more of the following structural formulas:

[0607]

[0608]

[0609]

[0610]

[0611] The carbon chain of the fatty acid in the above products is the active part, and the glucan is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0612] (2) Complex obtained by reaction of hyaluronic acid and fatty acid:

[0613]

[0614] n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0615]

[0616] The resulting transparent acid esterification product has one or more of the following structural formulas:

[0617]

[0618]

[0619] n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0620] In the above products, the fatty acid carbon chain is the active part, and hyaluronic acid is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0621] (3) The terminal end of the polysaccharide is a hemiacetal structure that can undergo a reductive amination reaction with cystamine, and the other amino group of cystamine is then amidated with a fatty acid to obtain a compound that serves as a complex for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection of the present invention, for example, a compound obtained by reacting dextran with cystamine and fatty acids, and a compound obtained by reacting hyaluronic acid with cystamine and fatty acids.

[0622] The reaction process of dextran (DEX) with cystamine and fatty acids is as follows:

[0623]

[0624]

[0625] The product of dextran (DEX), cystamine and fatty acid as the complex structure of the present invention is shown below:

[0626]

[0627]

[0628] In the above products, fatty acids and cystamine are the active parts, and glucan is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0629] The reaction formula of hyaluronic acid (HA) with cystamine and fatty acids is as follows:

[0630]

[0631]

[0632] (When too many fatty acids are connected, the water solubility of the product may be affected. Therefore, the hemiacetal hydroxyl group at the end of the hyaluronic acid chain is used to react, so that one molecule of hyaluronic acid can be controlled to connect to one molecule of fatty acid).

[0633] The product obtained by the reaction of hyaluronic acid (HA) with cystamine and fatty acid is the structural formula of the complex of the present invention as shown below:

[0634]

[0635]

[0636]

[0637] In the above products, fatty acids and cystamine are the active parts, and hyaluronic acid is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0638] In another embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection of the present invention may be a compound formed by the reaction of fatty acids and oligosaccharides, such as a compound formed by the reaction of fatty acids and fondaparinux sodium.

[0639]

[0640]

[0641] In the above products, the carbon chain of fatty acid is the active part, and fondaparinux is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0642] In another embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection of the present invention may be a compound formed by the reaction of a fatty acid with a water-soluble small molecule, wherein the water-soluble molecule includes a monosaccharide or polysaccharide, an amino acid, a nucleotide or deoxynucleotide, or a vitamin; for example, the compound may have the following structure, wherein R is a carbon chain having an integer of 1 to 99 carbon atoms:

[0643] (1) Compounds formed by fatty acids and glucose

[0644]

[0645] The carbon chain of fatty acids in the above products is the active part, and glucose is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0646] A binding moiety may be further connected, and the connected binding moiety may be selected from dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides. Here, the connection with glutamic acid is taken as an example, and the reaction is as follows:

[0647]

[0648] At this time, the carbon chain of fatty acids in the product is the active part, glucose is the water-soluble part (the binding effect of glucose is weakened, and the effect of increasing water solubility is retained), and glutamate is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0649] (2) Compounds formed by fatty acids and sucrose

[0650]

[0651] The carbon chain of fatty acid in the above products is the active part, and sucrose is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0652] A binding moiety may be further connected, and the connected binding moiety may be selected from dibasic fatty acids or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, and targeting polysaccharides. Here, the connection of butenedioic acid is taken as an example, and the reaction is as follows:

[0653]

[0654] At this time, the carbon chain of the fatty acid in the product is the active part, sucrose is the water-soluble part (the binding effect of sucrose is weakened, and the effect of increasing water solubility is retained), and succinic acid is both the binding part and the active part.

[0655] (3) Compounds formed by fatty acids and aminoethanesulfonic acid

[0656]

[0657] The carbon chain of fatty acid in the above products is the active part, and taurine is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0658] (4) Compounds formed by fatty acids and lysine

[0659]

[0660] The carbon chain of the fatty acid in the above product is the active part, and lysine is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0661] (5) Compounds formed by fatty acids and serine

[0662]

[0663] The carbon chain of the fatty acid in the above product is the active part, and serine is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0664] (6) Compounds formed by fatty acids and threonine

[0665]

[0666] The carbon chain of the fatty acid in the above product is the active part, and threonine is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0667] (7) Compounds formed by fatty acids, adenosine monophosphate and aspartic acid

[0668]

[0669] The carbon chain of fatty acid is the active part, adenylic acid is the water-soluble part, and aspartic acid is both the binding part and the water-soluble part.

[0670] (8) Compounds formed by fatty acids, ascorbic acid, and glutaric acid

[0671]

[0672] The carbon chain of fatty acid is the active part, ascorbic acid is the water-soluble part, and glutaric acid is both the binding part and the active part.

[0673] In the above examples, R is an integer of 1 to 100 carbon atoms, and preferably R is as follows.

[0674]

[0675] In another embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, inhibiting, or treating microbial infection can be a compound comprising a fat-soluble vitamin as an active moiety, connected to a water-soluble moiety and a binding moiety. The fat-soluble vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin K, and vitamin D. Retinoic acid from the vitamin A family and α-tocopherol from the vitamin E family are used as examples for illustration.

[0676] (1) The complex is composed of retinoic acid + PEG + succinic acid + alanine, in which retinoic acid, succinic acid, and alanine are the active parts, PEG is the water-soluble part, and alanine is the binding part.

[0677]

[0678] n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0679] (2) The complex is composed of α-tocopheryl succinate + PEG + succinic acid, in which α-tocopheryl succinate and succinic acid are the active parts, PEG is the water-soluble part, and succinic acid is the binding part.

[0680]

[0681] n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0682] In another embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, inhibiting, or treating microbial infection can be a compound comprising a steroid lipid as the active moiety, linked to a water-soluble moiety and a binding moiety. The steroid lipids include cholesterol, lanosterol, sitosterol, stigmasterol, ergosterol, bile acid, bile alcohol, and one or more of the aforementioned steroid lipid derivatives. The following description uses cholesterol and glycine bile acid as examples.

[0683] (1) The complex consists of cholesterol succinate (a carbon chain with a ring structure) + PEG + glutamic acid, in which cholesterol succinate is the active part, PEG and glutamic acid are the water-soluble parts, and glutamic acid is the binding part

[0684]

[0685] n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0686] (2) The composition of the complex is glycocholic acid + succinic acid + PEG + octadecatrienoic acid. The cholestane skeleton, succinic acid and octadecatrienoic acid in glycinecholic acid are the active parts, the acylglycine part and PEG in glycinecholic acid are the water-soluble parts, and glycine is the binding part.

[0687]

[0688] n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0689] In the complexes of the present invention, PEG units are present to varying degrees, or PEG (polyethylene glycol) is added when the complex is formed. Specifically, to form the complexes of the present invention, the number of repetitions of the PEG units, i.e., -CH2-CH2-O-(ethoxy), or the degree of polymerization n, in the complex is adjusted to an integer between 1 and 200, as needed. Further preferably, first, when the PEG units serve as the backbone of the complex to connect other active moieties, binding moieties, and water-soluble moieties, and also impart water solubility to the complex, n is an integer between 4 and 200; second, when the PEG units serve as solubilizing moieties as water-soluble moieties, n is an integer between 4 and 20; and third, when the PEG units serve as linkers to extend the distance between the macromolecule and the carbon chain to expand the interaction space, n is an integer between 1 and 10.

[0690] In another embodiment of the present invention, the complex for preventing, inhibiting, or treating microbial infection can include fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters, alkyl glycosides, fatty acid sucrose esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, sorbitan polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, mannose erythritol esters, and N-acyl-N-methylglucosamine. These compounds contain fatty alcohols or fatty acids as carbon chain donors and exhibit good water solubility. However, they bind weakly to viral surface domains, lipid membranes, or cell wall components, requiring high concentrations to kill microorganisms. At these concentrations, they can also damage human cells, making them unsuitable for internal use. When these compounds are linked to a binding moiety to form a new complex, they possess the ability to kill microorganisms at relatively low concentrations in the human body, exerting antimicrobial efficacy. Furthermore, at therapeutic concentrations, the new complex, comprising the active moiety, water-soluble moiety, and binding moiety, has no effect on human tissues, cells, or organs. The binding moiety can be selected from dibasic or polybasic fatty acids, amino acids, targeting proteins, targeting polypeptides, or targeting polysaccharides. For example, the compound may have the structure shown below.

[0691] (1) Compounds obtained by connecting fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers with butenedioic acid. The carbon chain of the fatty alcohol in the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and the carbon chain of the connected butenedioic acid are the active parts, the polyoxyethylene (PEG) unit is the water-soluble part, and the butenedioic acid is the binding part.

[0692]

[0693] Wherein, n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0694] (2) Compounds obtained by linking fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters with aspartic acid. The carbon chain of the fatty acid in the fatty acid polyoxyethylene esters is the active group, the polyoxyethylene (PEG) unit and aspartic acid are the water-soluble groups, and aspartic acid is the binding group.

[0695]

[0696] Wherein, n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0697] (3) Compounds obtained by linking polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters with glutamic acid, wherein the carbon chain of the fatty acid in the polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester is the active part, sorbitan and polyoxyethylene (PEG) units and the linked glutamic acid are the water-soluble parts, and glutamic acid is the binding part.

[0698]

[0699] Wherein, n is an integer from 1 to 200.

[0700] In another specific embodiment, the present invention also provides a technical solution for a method for preparing the complex for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection of the present invention.

[0701] The preparation method of the complex of the present invention is to react a compound providing a carbon chain, such as a fatty acid, with a protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, oligosaccharide, monosaccharide, disaccharide, oligonucleotide, vitamin, water-soluble polymer, water-soluble polyamino acid and / or polysaccharide molecule, or, as needed, add a linker such as PEG, N-hydroxybutyromide, amino acid, succinic acid, butadienoic acid, glutaconic acid, hexamethylenediamine, carbamate, short peptide, etc. and their derivatives to obtain a reaction mixture; in a preferred embodiment, the reaction mixture is further purified to separate and obtain a purified reaction product (the "purified reaction product" is also referred to as the "reaction compound" in this application. The term "reaction compound" refers to the substance remaining after the reaction mixture is separated by purification means to remove unreacted substances. This remaining substance is referred to as the "reaction compound").

[0702] Specific purification methods are classified and described as follows.

[0703] 1. Fatty acids coupled to proteins or polysaccharides

[0704] For example, fatty acid coupled protein, polypeptide and / or polysaccharide obtain reaction mixture, and are purified by any of two kinds of methods of dialysis or ultrafiltration. The catalyst added in the unreacted lipid acid and the process is all small molecules, which can be removed by the method for dialysis (prepared in a small amount in the laboratory) or ultrafiltration (large production after conversion). Concrete purification process is, after reaction finishes, dialyze, select dialysis bag (molecular weight cut-off can be 500-1000, 1000-1500, 1500-3000) to dialyze, change water every 4h, dialyze 24 hours. Small molecule compound molecular weight is all less than 500, can remove the catalyst and unreacted lipid acid in the reaction solution.

[0705] 2. Fatty acid coupling with small molecules

[0706] When fatty acids are coupled to small molecules, molecular sieve chromatography can be used for purification. The molecular weight of the coupled product is different from that of the reaction substrate, and the molecular weight of the product is also larger than that of the catalyst molecule. It can be separated by molecular exclusion method. The filler can be made of materials such as dextran, agarose, and polypropylene, such as commercial Shephadex, Sephacryl, Shepharose, After chromatographic purification using EMD SEC, Bio-Gel P, Bio-Gel A, and other methods, the eluents are collected in separate steps and tested using any of the following methods: phenol-sulfuric acid method, ninhydrin method, UV spectrophotometry, barium chloride-iodine solution method, and sulfuric acid-formaldehyde colorimetry. The first eluting peak is the product obtained by the reaction. Using Shephadex G10 as an example, the column size and elution flow rate can be optimized based on the production scale. A detailed description is as follows:

[0707] 2.1. (Fatty acid coupled to monosaccharides or disaccharides)

[0708] After the reaction, chromatography purification was performed. The reaction solution was added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column and eluted with physiological saline. The reaction product was washed out first. The eluate was collected step by step and detected by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The first elution peak was combined to obtain the reaction product.

[0709] Phenol-sulfuric acid method:

[0710] Take 100ul of the sample in the collection tube and place it in a stoppered test tube. Use deionized water as a blank, add 100ul of 5% phenol solution, shake and mix, quickly add 500ul of concentrated sulfuric acid, shake, quickly move to an 80℃ water bath and keep warm for 10min, cool in an ice bath for 3min, and measure the absorbance at 487nm.

[0711] 2.2. (Fatty acid-coupled amino acids)

[0712] After the reaction, chromatography purification was performed. The reaction solution was added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column and eluted with physiological saline. The reaction product was washed out first. The eluate was collected step by step and detected by the ninhydrin method. The first elution peak was combined to be the reaction product.

[0713] Ninhydrin method detection:

[0714] Take 200ul of the sample in the collection tube and place it in a stoppered test tube. Use deionized water as a blank, add 300ul of 2% ninhydrin solution and 200ul of sodium acetate buffer (pH 6), shake and mix, place in a 90℃ water bath and heat for 15min, cool in an ice bath for 3min, add 300ul of deionized water, mix, and measure the absorbance at 568nm.

[0715] 2.3. (Fatty acid-conjugated ascorbic acid)

[0716] After the reaction, chromatography purification was performed. The reaction solution was added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column and eluted with physiological saline. The reaction product was washed out first. The eluate was collected step by step and the absorbance of the eluate was detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometry (243 nm). The first elution peak was combined to obtain the reaction product.

[0717] 2.4. (Fatty acid-conjugated nucleotides)

[0718] After the reaction, chromatography purification was performed. The reaction solution was added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column and eluted with physiological saline. The reaction product was washed out first. The eluate was collected step by step and the absorbance of the eluate was detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometry (260 nm). The first elution peak was combined to obtain the reaction product.

[0719] 2.5. (Fatty acid-PEG coupling)

[0720] After the reaction, chromatography purification was performed. The reaction solution was added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column and eluted with physiological saline. The reaction product was washed out first. The eluate was collected step by step and detected by barium chloride-iodine solution method. The first elution peak was combined to be the reaction product.

[0721] Barium chloride-iodine solution detection method (refer to the improved method of General Chapter 3202 of Part IV of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition)):

[0722] Take 100ul of the sample in the collection tube and place it in a stoppered test tube. Use deionized water as a blank, add 300ul of deionized water, 100ul of 5% barium chloride solution and 50ul of 0.1mol / L iodine solution, shake and mix, incubate at room temperature for 15min, and measure the absorbance at 535nm.

[0723] 2.6. (Steroid compounds)

[0724] After the reaction, the reaction solution was added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column (Φ26 mm × 50 cm) and eluted with physiological saline at a flow rate of 50 ml / h. The eluate was collected step by step and detected by sulfuric acid formaldehyde colorimetry. The first elution peak was combined to obtain the reaction product.

[0725] Sulfuric acid formaldehyde colorimetric method:

[0726] Take 100ul of the sample in the collection tube and place it in a stoppered test tube. Use deionized water as a blank, add 500ul of concentrated sulfuric acid and 20ul of formaldehyde, shake and mix, incubate at room temperature for 5min, then add 500ul of deionized water, shake evenly, and measure the absorbance at 365nm.

[0727] Specifically, the present invention provides a method for preparing a complex comprising an active moiety + a macromolecular water-soluble moiety / a binding moiety. The method uses a fatty acid as a carbon chain donor and, under the action of a catalyst, grafts the fatty acid onto serum albumin to form a complex. The molar ratio of the fatty acid to serum albumin (human serum albumin has 585 amino acids and bovine serum albumin has 607 amino acids, both with a molecular weight of 66 kDa) is 20:1-1:1, and the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1-10:1. The catalyst can be one or more of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt, and derivatives and analogs thereof. The carbon chain of the fatty acid serves as the active moiety, and the serum albumin serves as the water-soluble moiety and the binding moiety.

[0728] The reaction formula is as follows:

[0729]

[0730] R represents the carbon chains of the fatty acids fumaric acid, octanoic acid, undecanoic acid, hexadecenoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and triacontanol, which react with serum albumin respectively.

[0731] Preferably, the molar ratio of fatty acid to albumin (human serum albumin has a total of 585 amino acids, bovine serum albumin has a total of 607 amino acids, and the molecular weight is 66 kDa) is 20:1-1:1, and the molar ratio of catalyst to fatty acid is 0.5:1-10:1, preferably 1:1-10:1; more preferably, the molar ratio of fatty acid to albumin is 10:1, and the molar ratio of catalyst to fatty acid is 1:1; the catalyst can be one or more of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt and its derivatives and analogs, and the catalyst is preferably 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS), wherein the molar ratio of 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS) is 0.1:1-10:1, preferably 1:1.

[0732] Further, in the compounds obtained by reacting the above-mentioned fatty acids with serum albumin, it was found that the total fatty acid-to-amino acid binding efficiency was 0.10-15%. Among them, one molecule of protein was bound to 7-24 molecules of linolenic acid, preferably 8 molecules of linolenic acid. Among them, in the compound obtained by reacting docosenoic acid with serum albumin, one molecule of serum protein was bound to 6-24 molecules of docosahexaenoic acid, preferably 10 molecules of docosahexaenoic acid. Among them, one molecule of serum protein was bound to 1-24 molecules of oleic acid, preferably 1 molecule of oleic acid. Among them, one molecule of protein was bound to approximately 6-24 eicosapentaenoic acid, preferably 17 EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) molecules, which were bonded to the amino group of the amino acid of one protein molecule in the form of removing one molecule of water. One serum albumin molecule binds to approximately 11-16 molecules of linoleic acid, preferably 13 molecules, with one molecule of water removed, bound to an amino acid on one protein molecule. All of these molecules are bound to the free amino groups of lysine via amide bonds, resulting in a total amino acid substitution degree of 1.9% or greater. One serum albumin molecule binds to approximately 6-15 molecules of DHA, preferably 9 molecules, with one molecule of water removed, bound to the amino groups of amino acids on one protein molecule.

[0733] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex composed of (active portion + macromolecular water-soluble portion / binding portion), wherein an unsaturated fatty acid is used as a carbon chain donor, and the fatty acid is reacted with hyaluronic acid in the presence of a catalyst to form a complex (a preferred preparation process is to first add a catalyst to react the fatty acid with hyaluronic acid to obtain an intermediate product, and then add sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH to neutral to continue the reaction to obtain the complex). The molar ratio of the carboxylic acid group of the fatty acid to the hydroxyl group of the hyaluronic acid is 4n:1-1:1 (n refers to the number of repeats of a single hyaluronic acid molecule), and the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1-10:1, preferably 1:1-10:1. The catalyst can be one or more of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt, and derivatives and analogs thereof, and the catalyst is preferably carbodiimide and succinimide, with a molar ratio of 0.1:1-10:1. The carbon chain of the fatty acid is the active portion, and the hyaluronic acid is the water-soluble portion and the binding portion.

[0734] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex composed of (active portion + targeting binding portion / water-soluble portion), which uses unsaturated fatty acids as carbon chain donors and, under the action of a catalyst, reacts the fatty acids with a polypeptide such as SBP1 (ACE2 derived peptide; binds SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain, whose sequence is: IEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQS (modification: Ser-23 = C-terminal The present invention relates to a method for preparing a catalyst for the synthesis of a polyol and a polypeptide, wherein the fatty acid is reacted with a polyol to form a complex, wherein the fatty acid is one or more of oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the molar ratio of the carboxylic acid group of the fatty acid to the amino group of the polypeptide is 8:1-1:4, preferably 2:1, the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1-10:1, the catalyst can be one or more of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt, and derivatives and analogs thereof, and the catalyst is preferably carbodiimide and succinimide, and the molar ratio of the two is 0.1:1-10:1, preferably 1:1-1:10.

[0735] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex composed of (active portion + targeting binding portion / water-soluble portion), wherein an unsaturated fatty acid is used as a carbon chain donor, and the fatty acid is reacted with CD14 under the action of a catalyst to form a complex, wherein the fatty acid is one or more of oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid, and the molar ratio of the carboxylic acid group of the fatty acid to the CD14 is 17:1-1:1, preferably 17:1, and the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5; 1 to 10:1. The catalyst can be one or more of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt and its derivatives and analogs, and the catalyst is preferably carbodiimide and succinimide, and the molar ratio of the two is 0.1:1-10:1, preferably 1:1-1:10.

[0736] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex composed of (medium-chain saturated carbon chain active portion + macromolecular water-soluble portion / binding portion), wherein a medium-chain saturated fatty acid is used as a carbon chain donor, and the fatty acid is reacted with hyaluronic acid in the presence of a catalyst to form a complex, wherein the fatty acid is any one or more saturated fatty acids having 5-20 carbon atoms, preferably one or more saturated fatty acids selected from pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid, and eicosanoic acid, the molar ratio of the carboxylic acid group of the fatty acid to the hyaluronic acid is 4n:1-1:1 (n is the number of repetitions of the hyaluronic acid monomolecular unit, and n is an integer of 1-2000), the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1-10:1, preferably 0.5:1-2:1; the catalyst is preferably carbodiimide and succinimide, and the molar ratio of the two is 0.1:1-10:1.

[0737] In addition, the fatty acid-serum protein complex test, fatty acid-hyaluronic acid complex, fatty acid-SBP1 complex, fatty acid-CD14 complex, fatty acid-glucan complex, etc. of the present invention show that they can have a bactericidal and antibacterial effect on any bacteria selected from the following bacterial groups: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with a bactericidal rate greater than 99%; they can have a bactericidal and antibacterial effect on any fungus selected from the following fungal groups: Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Actinomyces viscosus, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus verrucosum and Microsporum canis, with a bactericidal rate greater than 99%; they can have a virucidal effect on any fungus selected from the following virus groups: H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, new coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus, and the virucidal rate reaches more than 99%.

[0738] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex composed of (active part + small molecule water-soluble part / binding part), wherein a fatty acid is used as a carbon chain donor, and under the action of a catalyst, the fatty acid is reacted with a monosaccharide such as glucose, sucrose; or the fatty acid is reacted with a nucleotide (such as adenosine monophosphate), an amino acid, a water-soluble vitamin, a low polymerization degree PEG400-COOH, a substance with a carbon chain having a cyclic structure such as taurocholic acid (sodium) (for example, a complex of 4-octenedioic acid and taurocholic acid) to form a complex (wherein the preferred preparation process is to add a catalyst to react the fatty acid with a monosaccharide such as glucose to obtain a complex, and the obtained intermediate product solution can also be reacted according to Sodium hydroxide needs to be added to adjust the pH value to neutral to continue the reaction to obtain the final complex; it is also preferred that the obtained reaction product mixed solution is further purified), wherein the fatty acid is preferably octanoic acid, and the molar ratio of the carboxylic acid group of the fatty acid to the water-soluble small molecules such as glucose, sucrose, nucleotides (such as adenosine monophosphate), amino acids, water-soluble complex vitamins, low-polymerization degree PEG400-COOH, etc. is 1:1-1:4, the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1-10:1, preferably 1:1-10:1, and the catalyst is carbodiimide and succinimide or carbodiimide and dimethylaminopyridine, and the molar ratio of the two is 0.1:1-10:1, preferably 1:1. Among them, the antibacterial rate of the fatty acid-small molecule water-soluble molecular complex obtained by the present invention is greater than 99%. The bacteria are any one selected from Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; it can have a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect on any fungus selected from the following fungal groups: Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Actinomyces viscosus, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus verrucosum and Microsporum canis, with a bactericidal rate greater than 99%; it can have a virucidal effect on any fungus selected from the following virus groups: H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, new coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus, with a virucidal rate of more than 99%.

[0739] In a further preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a complex obtained by reacting a fatty acid with an amino acid, wherein the fatty acid is selected from one or more of octanoic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid; and the amino acid is selected from one or more of serine, threonine, and lysine.

[0740] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex having a (water-soluble portion + an active portion non-covalently coupled) structure, wherein an unsaturated fatty acid, a fatty acid ester, or lecithin is used as a carbon chain donor and mixed with a protein, a polysaccharide, or an amino acid to obtain a liposome (for example, octadecanoic acid=glutamic acid liposomes, dodecanoic acid-aspartic acid liposomes, pentacosanoic acid liposomes (liposomes obtained by compounding carboxylated lecithin, β-sitosterol, glycocholic acid sulfate, pentacosanoic acid, and ethanol), or fatty acid ethyl ester liposomes (liposomes obtained by compounding a surfactant, amino lecithin, cholesterol, and fatty acid ethyl esters; the fatty acid may be a medium-chain hexanoic acid (ethyl hexanoate), heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, or docosahexaenoic acid, etc.). Experiments in the present invention have shown that the liposomes can be used to exert bactericidal and antibacterial effects against any bacteria selected from the following bacterial group: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with an inhibition rate greater than 99%. They can also be used to exert bactericidal and antibacterial effects against any fungi selected from the following fungi group: Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Actinomyces viscosus, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus verrucosum, and Microsporum canis, with an inhibition rate greater than 99%. The above-mentioned liposomes can also be used to exert virucidal effects against any virus selected from the following virus group: H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, novel coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus. Among them, the ethyl oleate liposomes and linoleic acid liposomes have a virucidal rate of over 99%.

[0741] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a complex (mixture) having (amino / carboxyl group + water-soluble part + non-covalent coupling of active part), wherein preferably, the mixture can be a lipid emulsion obtained by mixing a surfactant with a fatty acid ester having a carbon chain, for example, it can be a nano-liposome emulsion (particle size of 500nm-800nm) obtained by liposome emulsion ethyl oleate, amino lecithin, β-sitosterol and vitamin E palmitate; it can be a preparation (particle size of 500nm-800nm) obtained by compounding unsaturated fatty acid and carboxylated lecithin liposomes, for example, it can be a nano-liposome emulsion (particle size of 500nm-800nm) obtained by mixing a surfactant, linoleic acid, β-sitosterol and carboxylated lecithin.

[0742] Experiments conducted in the present invention have demonstrated that the nanoliposomal emulsion can be used to exert bactericidal and antibacterial effects against any bacteria selected from the following bacterial group: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with an inhibition rate exceeding 99%. It can also be used to exert bactericidal and antibacterial effects against any fungus selected from the following fungi group: Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Actinomyces viscosus, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus verrucosum, and Microsporum canis, with an inhibition rate exceeding 99%. The nanoliposomal emulsion can also be used to exert virucidal effects against any virus selected from the following viral group: H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, novel coronavirus, HPV virus, and rabies virus; the virucidal rates of both ethyl oleate liposomes and linoleic acid liposomes reached over 99%.

[0743] Furthermore, the complex can be prepared into injections, nasal sprays, dry powder inhalers, oral dosage forms, external skin dosage forms, disinfectants, and the like.

[0744] Among them, oral preparations can be liquid (for example, syrup, solution or suspension) or solid (for example, granule, tablet or capsule). Oral preparations can be coupled with targeting ligands to cross the endothelial barrier. Some fatty acid derivative preparations can be spray-dried, for example, with disaccharides to form fatty acid derivative powders. Solid compositions can be prepared in a conventional manner using pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, such as binders (for example, pregelatinized corn starch, polyvinyl pyrrolidone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose); fillers (for example, lactose, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose or calcium hydrogen phosphate); lubricants (for example, magnesium stearate, talc or silicon dioxide); disintegrants (for example, potato starch or sodium starch glycolate); or wetting agents (for example, sodium lauryl sulfate). Tablets can be coated with, for example, sugar, film or enteric coating by methods well known in the art. Methods for preparing such dosage forms are known or obvious to those skilled in the art. Fatty acid emulsions can be taken orally, applied externally, or injected. During preparation, the composition of excipients can be appropriately adjusted according to the different modes of administration, and other appropriate preparation methods can be adopted according to the properties of the excipients.

[0745] Furthermore, for external skin preparations or disinfectant preparations, the complex can be directly dissolved in a solvent and added with excipients to prepare a preparation to kill and prevent viruses, bacteria and fungi.

[0746] Furthermore, the nasal spray and dry powder inhaler need to be added with a mucosal adsorption promoting agent;

[0747] The mucosal adsorbent includes one or more of hyaluronic acid (HA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), carbomer (CP), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC).

[0748] Furthermore, the dry powder inhaler is prepared by adding a fatty acid complex solution to a mucosal adsorbent and then spray-drying or freeze-drying to obtain complex micropowder;

[0749] The freeze-drying method for preparing dry powder inhalation requires the addition of a freeze-drying protective agent;

[0750] The lyoprotectant includes one or more of glycerol, mannitol, sorbitol, inositol, thiol, proline, tryptophan, sodium glutamate, alanine, glycine, lysine hydrochloride, sarcosine, L-tyrosine, phenylalanine, arginine, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, gelatin, glucose, α-D-pyranose mannoside, sucrose, lactose, trehalose, cellobiose, mannose, maltose, inositol, inulin, dextran, maltodextrin, maltopolysaccharide, sucrose octasulfate, heparin, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, Tween 80, Bridget, Pluronic and sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0751] Furthermore, the viruses include enveloped viruses and non-enveloped viruses, such as coronavirus, human immunodeficiency virus also known as HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, rabies virus, herpes virus, Ebola virus, hantavirus, dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Zika virus, influenza virus, hepatitis A virus, human papillomavirus, adenovirus, poliovirus, and coxsackievirus;

[0752] The coronaviruses include HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.

[0753] Furthermore, the bacteria include Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria, wherein the Gram-positive bacteria include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Clostridium, Listeria, and Corynebacterium, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus, Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium tetani, Listeria monocytogenes, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

[0754] Gram-negative bacteria include Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus, Shigella dysenteriae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Brucella, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Acinetobacter, Yersinia, Legionella pneumophila, Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, Neisseria, Shigella, Salmonella, Pasteurella, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Shigella-like bacteria.

[0755] The bacteria include common clinical multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRO), such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant and sulpharmaceutical-resistant (cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium) enterococci (VRE), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-PA), and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB).

[0756] Furthermore, the fungus includes

[0757] Pathogenic fungi: Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, Coccidioides simulans, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Chromatids, Mycoplasma, Sporothrix;

[0758] Opportunistic pathogenic fungi: Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus, Actinomycetes, Fusarium, and fungi of the genera Nocardia, Scedosporium, Mucorales, and Degenerate Hypomycetes.

[0759] Furthermore, the chlamydia include Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Chlamydia psittaci; the mycoplasma include Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis, and Mycoplasma genitalium.

[0760] Furthermore, the mechanism of the complex's action on microorganisms is as follows:

[0761] (1) The binding part + the short-chain / long-chain interaction part + the macromolecular water-soluble part are coupled to form a complex I. The complex I can be retained on the surface of the respiratory mucosa or in the blood circulation, inactivating the virus, bacteria or fungus immediately and preventing the virus, bacteria or fungus from spreading in the body. The macromolecular complex I cannot enter normal tissues and can only enter the inflammatory site after the virus, bacteria or fungus infection to exert its effect;

[0762] (2) The binding part + the short-chain / long-chain interaction part + the water-soluble targeting polypeptide group / two or more small molecule water-soluble parts are coupled to form a complex II, which can pass through the blood vessel wall into the tissue gap and interstitial fluid to target microorganisms;

[0763] (3) The binding part + the medium-short chain / long chain action part + the water-soluble polypeptide targeting group / small molecule water-soluble part + the water-soluble macromolecular polymer are coupled to form a complex III. The complex III can be retained on the surface of the respiratory mucosa or in the blood circulation, inactivating the virus, bacteria or fungus at the first time, and preventing the virus, bacteria or fungus from spreading in the body; the large molecule complex III cannot enter normal tissues and can only enter the inflammatory site after viral, bacterial or fungal infection to exert its effect.

[0764] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the complex can kill microorganisms including viruses, bacteria, fungi, chlamydia and mycoplasma; wherein the viruses include enveloped viruses such as coronavirus, influenza virus, HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, herpes virus, Zika virus, dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Ebola virus, Hantavirus, etc., as well as non-enveloped viruses such as hepatitis A virus, human papillomavirus, poliovirus, coxsackievirus, etc.

[0765] The coronavirus preferably includes HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, SARS-CoV, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.

[0766] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the pharmaceutical dosage forms include dry powder inhalers, nasal sprays, injections, oral dosage forms, and topical dosage forms.

[0767] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, for coronavirus (preferably SARS-CoV-2 virus), rabies virus, and influenza virus, the drug dosage form is a dry powder inhaler, nasal spray and injection, and a topical skin dosage form;

[0768] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, for HIV virus, the drug dosage form is an injection or an oral agent; in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, for HPV virus, the drug dosage form is an injection or an oral agent.

[0769] Fatty acids and / or their derivatives are bound according to the number of binding sites on the surface of proteins, polypeptides or polysaccharides.

[0770] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the pharmaceutical excipients include pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

[0771] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the nasal spray excipients include: glucose, cyclodextrin, microcrystalline cellulose and sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium bisulfite, deoxycholic acid, thiourea, urea, hydroquinone, phenol, silica gel, graphite, protein, benzyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol, benzalkonium chloride, Tween 80 and other emulsifiers, tocopherol, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, gelatin, chitosan, alginate, gum arabic, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid and other polymers, dilute hydrochloric acid, alcohol purified water, etc.

[0772] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the dry powder inhaler excipients include a mucosal adsorption promoting agent, such as one or more of hyaluronic acid (HA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), carbomer (CP), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na), methylcellulose (MC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC);

[0773] Lyoprotectants, such as one or more of glycerol, mannitol, sorbitol, inositol, thiols, proline, tryptophan, sodium glutamate, alanine, glycine, lysine hydrochloride, sarcosine, L-tyrosine, phenylalanine, arginine, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, gelatin, glucose, α-D-mannopyranose, sucrose, lactose, trehalose, cellobiose, mannose, maltose, inositol, inulin, dextran, maltodextrin, maltopolysaccharide, sucrose octasulfate, heparin, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, Tween 80, Bridget, Pluronic and sodium dodecyl sulfate.

[0774] The compound and its preparation of the present invention capable of preventing and treating viral, bacterial and fungal infections are used in preventing or treating various viral, bacterial and fungal infectious diseases; specific application methods include using the compound before infection to prevent viral, bacterial and fungal infections;

[0775] It can be used after infection to kill viruses, bacteria and fungi in the body;

[0776] The environment of items can be disinfected to prevent the spread of viruses, bacteria and fungi.

[0777] In the present invention, it is understood that the use of the complex in the preparation of drugs for preventing and / or treating viral (enveloped viruses and non-enveloped viruses), bacterial and fungal infectious diseases falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0778] The present invention is further illustrated below by specific examples. However, it should be understood that these examples are merely for the purpose of further explanation and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any form. The methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the consumables and reagents used in the following examples were commercially available or synthesized independently unless otherwise specified.

[0779] The list of equipment and instruments in the embodiments of the present invention is shown in Table 1-1 below, and the sources of various microorganisms are shown in Tables 1-2, 1-3, and 1-4 below. In addition, except for the preparation methods specifically described in the present invention, the various raw materials used to prepare the complexes of the present invention are all substances that can be routinely commercially obtained by those skilled in the art. Only the commercial sources of some macromolecules, medium molecules, or oligomers in the embodiments of the present invention are listed below, as shown in Tables 1-5a and 1-5b for details.

[0780] Table 1-1 Names of instruments and equipment in the examples

[0781] Serial number name model 1 blender IKARHbasic 1 2 Freeze dryer Telstar LYOQUEST-85 3 Fourier transform infrared spectrometer Nicolet is 5 4 Transmission electron microscopy Tecnai G2 Spirit BioTWIN 5 Scanning electron microscopy Hitachi TM3030 6 Energy Spectrometer Oxford AZtecOne 7 Example laboratory microscope Leica DM IL LED 8 Inverted fluorescence microscope Leica DMIL LED 9 <![CDATA[CO2 Incubator]]> Thermo Heracell VIOs 160i 10 Microbial incubator Thermo Heratherm IMH100ss 11 Multifunctional microplate reader TECAN Spark 12 Refrigerated centrifuge Thermo Fresco 17 13 Vacuum freeze dryer Thermo Savant DNA120 14 Nanoliter Liquid Phase System Thermo Easy-nLC1200 15 High-resolution mass spectrometer Thermo Q Exactive

[0782] Table 1-2 Sources of viruses in the examples

[0783]

[0784] Table 1-3 Sources of bacteria in the examples

[0785]

[0786] Table 1-4 Sources of fungi in the examples

[0787]

[0788] Table 1-5a Sources of macromolecules, medium molecules or oligomers in the examples

[0789]

[0790] Table 1-5b Sources of macromolecules, medium molecules or oligomers in the examples

[0791]

[0792] Example 1 Preparation and Characterization of Human Serum Albumin / Bovine Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Complex (Active Molecular Weight + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Molecular Weight / Binding Molecular Weight)

[0793] Reaction formula 1-1 is as follows:

[0794]

[0795] In this example, the fatty acid to albumin molar ratio is 10:1. The fatty acids selected are fumaric acid, octanoic acid, undecanoic acid, hexadecenoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and triacontanol, respectively, and react with serum albumin. The catalyst to fatty acid molar ratio is 1:1. The catalysts selected are 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide (sulfo-NHS). The reaction process is as follows:

[0796] Accurately weigh 0.36 mmol of fatty acid, 0.36 mmol of EDC, and 0.36 mmol of sulfo-NHS; add acid to catalyze the activation of the carboxyl groups to form activated fatty acids; stir and activate in an ice bath for 15 minutes. Accurately weigh 0.0375 mmol of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (2.5 g by mass) and dissolve it in 5 ml of PBS (phosphate buffered saline). Add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral and stir to obtain a serum albumin solution. Add the resulting serum albumin solution to the stirring activated fatty acid and continue stirring in an ice bath overnight to obtain a fatty acid-serum albumin complex solution with a concentration of 72 mM. The above solution was precipitated with ice acetone, and then the unreacted fatty acids in the precipitate were washed with ethanol. The precipitate was dialyzed until completely dissolved, and small molecule impurities were removed at the same time (dialysis was performed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 500-1000, and the water was changed every 4 hours. Small molecule compounds with a molecular weight less than 500 can be removed). Then, gradient low-temperature drying was performed in a freeze-vacuum dryer (pre-freezing at -80°C for 24 hours and vacuuming for 12 hours, vacuuming at -20°C for 12 hours, and continuing to vacuum at 4°C for more than 24 hours until the product was completely dry) to obtain a fatty acid-linked serum albumin complex. The vacuum-dried complex was used for subsequent performance evaluation of microorganisms. Serum albumin compounds of fumaric acid, octanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, EPA, DHA, and triacontanol were prepared according to the above method, with yields of 68.2% fumaric acid, 68.7% octanoic acid, 68.9% undecanoic acid, 69.3% hexadecanoic acid, 68.4% oleic acid, 68.2% linoleic acid, 69.0% linolenic acid, 68.7% EPA, 68.6% DHA, and 67.8% triacontanol, respectively. The yields herein refer to the mass ratio of the final product relative to the total mass of the original reactants.

[0797] Among them, linolenic acid-serum albumin, Fourier infrared spectrum is as follows Figure 1 As shown, compared with serum albumin, serum albumin grafted linolenic acid (ALA-HSA) has a -1 、1042cm -1 New absorption peaks appeared at the wavenumbers, which were attributed to γ=CH (bending vibration of unsaturated carbon-hydrogen bond out of the plane) and νC-N Absorption peak, as the group identification evidence of amide bond; after grafting, olefin is at 1710cm -1 The absorption peak at the wavenumber shifts to the low-wave band due to conjugation, all of which come from the grafted small molecule linolenic acid (ALA). Therefore, it can be preliminarily determined that ALA is successfully grafted onto the serum albumin molecular chain.

[0798] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the protein electrophoresis of fumaric acid-serum albumin complex, linolenic acid-serum albumin complex, eicosapentaenoic acid-serum albumin complex, and docosahexaenoic acid-serum albumin complex showed that the molecular weight of the product was between 60,000 and 75,000 Da, indicating that the serum albumin molecule itself was not aggregated. Since small molecules were connected, the molecular weight change was not obvious.

[0799] The modification sites of serum albumin molecules were analyzed by LC-MS method using linolenic acid-serum albumin and DHA-serum albumin. Figure 3A and Figure 3B ,as well as Figure 4A and Figure 4B , from the results in the figure and bovine serum albumin (bovine serum albumin has a total of 607 amino acids, including 60 lysine, 17 glycine, 48 alanine, 38 valine, 65 leucine, 15 isoleucine, 30 phenylalanine, 3 tryptophan, 21 tyrosine, 40 aspartic acid, 14 asparagine, 59 glutamic acid, 20 glutamine, 5 methionine, 32 serine, 34 threonine, 35 cysteine, 28 proline, histidine 17 amino acids, 26 arginines), it can be found that one serum albumin molecule is bound to 8 molecules of linolenic acid, and the total fatty acid binding efficiency is 1.32%. Among them, one molecule is bound to threonine, and the degree of substitution of threonine is 2.94%; one molecule is bound to phenylalanine, and the degree of substitution of phenylalanine is 3.33%; one molecule is bound to proline, and the degree of substitution of proline is 3.57%; 5 molecules are bound to lysine, and the degree of substitution of fatty acids on lysine is 8.33%;

[0800] One molecule of serum albumin binds to 10 molecules of docosahexaenoic acid, and the total fatty acid binding amino acid efficiency is 1.65%. Among them, one molecule is bound to glutamate with a glutamate substitution degree of 1.69%, one molecule is bound to tyrosine with a tyrosine substitution degree of 4.76%, two molecules are bound to leucine with a leucine substitution degree of 3.08%, two molecules are bound to cysteine with a cysteine substitution degree of 5.71%, and four molecules are bound to lysine with a lysine substitution degree of 6.67%.

[0801] In this embodiment, serum albumin serves as both the water-soluble portion and the binding portion, and the fatty acid carbon chain serves as the active portion.

[0802] Example 2 Preparation and Characterization of Bovine Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Complex (Active Molecular Weight + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Molecular Weight / Binding Molecular Weight)

[0803] Accurately weigh 0.36 mmol of oleic acid, 0.36 mmol of EDC, and 0.36 mmol of sulfo-NHS, and add acid to activate the carboxyl groups to obtain activated oleic acid. Stir and activate for 10 minutes in an ice bath. Accurately weigh 0.018 mmol of bovine serum albumin (1.2 g by mass) and dissolve it in 5 ml of PBS. Add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral and stir to obtain a serum albumin solution. Add the serum albumin solution to the stirring activated oleic acid and continue stirring overnight in an ice bath to obtain an oleic acid-albumin initial solution with an oleic acid concentration of 72 mM. The solution was precipitated with glacial acetone, and then ethanol was used to remove fatty acids that did not participate in the reaction. Small molecular impurities were removed by dialysis (dialysis was performed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 500-1000, and the water was changed every 4 hours. Small molecular compounds with a molecular weight less than 500 could be removed). Subsequently, gradient low-temperature drying was performed in a freeze-vacuum dryer (pre-freezing at -80°C for 24 hours and vacuuming for 12 hours, vacuuming at -20°C for 12 hours, and vacuuming at 4°C for more than 24 hours until the product was completely dry). The yield was 68%. The complex obtained by vacuum drying was used for subsequent performance evaluation of its action on microorganisms.

[0804] The LC-MS method was used to analyze the protein molecular structure of bovine serum albumin (BSA has a total of 607 amino acids, including 60 lysines, 17 glycines, 48 alanines, 38 valines, 65 leucines, 15 isoleucines, 30 phenylalanines, 3 tryptophans, 21 tyrosines, 40 aspartic acids, 14 asparagines, 59 glutamics, 20 glutamines, 5 methionines, 32 serines, 34 threonines, 35 cysteines, 28 prolines, 17 histidines, and 26 arginines). It was found that an amidation reaction occurred at the position of histidine, removing a water moiety. The mass spectrum and amino acid sequence alignment were as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be concluded that serum albumin is coupled with oleic acid in the form of one oleic acid molecule coupled to one serum albumin molecule, and the total substitution degree of fatty acids is 0.16%. Among them, one histidine molecule is coupled, and the substitution degree of histidine is 5.88%.

[0805] In this embodiment, serum albumin serves as both the water-soluble portion and the binding portion, and the oleic acid carbon chain serves as the active portion.

[0806] Example 3 Preparation and Characterization of Human Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Complex (Active Molecular Weight + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Molecular Weight / Binding Molecular Weight)

[0807] Accurately weigh 0.036 mmol of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 0.036 mmol of catalyst; add acid to activate the carboxyl groups to obtain activated EPA; then stir and activate for 20 minutes in an ice bath. Accurately weigh 0.036 mmol of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (approximately 2.4 g by mass) and dissolve it in 24 ml of PBS. Add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral and stir to obtain a serum albumin solution. Add the serum albumin solution to the stirring activated EPA and continue stirring overnight in an ice bath to obtain an initial EPA-serum albumin solution with an EPA concentration of 1.5 mM. The solution was precipitated with glacial acetone, and then ethanol was used to remove fatty acids that did not participate in the reaction. Small molecular impurities were removed by dialysis (dialysis was performed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 500-1000, and the water was changed every 4 hours. Small molecular compounds with a molecular weight less than 500 could be removed). Subsequently, gradient low-temperature drying was performed in a freeze-vacuum dryer (pre-freezing at -80°C for 24 hours and vacuuming for 12 hours, vacuuming at -20°C for 20 hours, and vacuuming at 4°C for more than 24 hours until the product was completely dry). The yield was 79%. The vacuum-dried complex was used for subsequent performance evaluation of its action on microorganisms.

[0808] Fourier infrared spectrum Figure 7 As shown, compared with human serum albumin, serum albumin grafted eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA-HSA) has a high affinity for EPA at 1044 cm -1 A strong new absorption peak appeared at the wave number, which was attributed to γ=CH (bending vibration of unsaturated carbon-hydrogen bond out of the plane), which came from the grafted small molecule eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The grafted olefin was at 1708cm -1 The absorption peak at the wave number shifts to the low band due to conjugation and becomes the main characteristic peak of amide ν C＝O Therefore, it can be preliminarily determined that EPA was successfully grafted onto the serum albumin molecular chain.

[0809] In this embodiment, serum albumin serves as both the water-soluble portion and the binding portion, and the eicosapentaenoic acid carbon chain serves as the active portion.

[0810] Example 4 Preparation and Characterization of Bovine Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Complex (Active Molecular Weight + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Molecular Weight / Binding Molecular Weight)

[0811] Accurately weigh 0.036 mmol of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 0.036 mmol of catalyst; add acid to activate the carboxyl groups to obtain activated EPA; then stir and activate for 15 minutes in an ice bath. Accurately weigh 0.018 mmol of serum albumin (approximately 1.2 g by mass) and dissolve it in 10 ml of PBS. Add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral and stir to obtain a serum albumin solution. Add the serum albumin solution to the stirring activated EPA and continue stirring overnight in an ice bath to obtain an initial EPA-serum albumin solution with an EPA concentration of 36 mM. The solution was precipitated with glacial acetone, and then ethanol was used to remove fatty acids that did not participate in the reaction. Small molecular impurities were removed by dialysis (dialysis was performed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 500-1000, and the water was changed every 4 hours. Small molecular compounds with a molecular weight less than 500 could be removed). Subsequently, gradient low-temperature drying was performed in a freeze-vacuum dryer (pre-freezing at -80°C for 24 hours and vacuuming for 12 hours, vacuuming at -20°C for 15 hours, and vacuuming at 4°C for more than 24 hours until the product was completely dry). The yield was 79%. The complex obtained by vacuum drying was used for subsequent performance evaluation of its action on microorganisms.

[0812] The time settings can be adjusted according to the amount of solution prepared.

[0813] The structural changes of bovine serum albumin (BSA) molecules were analyzed by LC-MS. The mass spectrum and amino acid sequence alignment were as follows: Figure 8 and Figure 9 It can be concluded that 17 EPA molecules are bonded to the amino acid amino group of one serum protein molecule in the form of removing one molecule of water. The total fatty acid binding efficiency is 2.8%, of which 2 molecules of glutamic acid are bound, with a glutamic acid substitution degree of 3.39%, 2 molecules of histidine, with a histidine substitution degree of 11.76%, 2 molecules of cysteine, with a cysteine substitution degree of 5.71%, 1 molecule of leucine, 3.57% of proline, 2.5% of aspartic acid, 7.14% of asparagine, 2.63% of valine, and 5% of glutamine are bound respectively, and 5 molecules of lysine are bound, with a substitution degree of 8.33%.

[0814] In this embodiment, serum albumin serves as both the water-soluble portion and the binding portion, and the eicosapentaenoic acid carbon chain serves as the active portion.

[0815] Example 5 Preparation and Characterization of Bovine Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Complex (Active Molecular Weight + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Molecular Weight / Binding Molecular Weight)

[0816] Accurately weigh 0.036 mmol of linoleic acid and 0.036 mmol of catalyst; add acid to activate the carboxyl groups; stir in an ice bath for 10-30 minutes to obtain activated linoleic acid. Accurately weigh 0.036 mmol of serum albumin (approximately 2.4 g by mass) and dissolve it in 5 ml of PBS. Add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral and stir to obtain a serum albumin solution. Add the serum albumin solution to the stirring activated linoleic acid and continue stirring overnight in an ice bath to obtain a linoleic acid-serum albumin solution with a linoleic acid concentration of 72 mM. The solution was precipitated with glacial acetone, and then ethanol was used to remove fatty acids that did not participate in the reaction. Small molecular impurities were removed by dialysis (dialysis was performed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 500-1000, and the water was changed every 4 hours. Small molecular compounds with molecular weights less than 500 could be removed). Subsequently, gradient low-temperature drying was performed in a freeze-vacuum dryer (pre-freezing at -80°C for 24 hours and vacuuming for 12 hours, vacuuming at -20°C for 12 hours, and vacuuming at 4°C for more than 24 hours until the product was completely dry). The yield was 79%. The vacuum-dried complex was used for subsequent performance evaluation of its action on microorganisms.

[0817] The molecular weight of bovine serum albumin (BSA) was analyzed using LC-MS. (BSA consists of 607 amino acids, including 60 lysines, 17 glycines, 48 alanines, 38 valines, 65 leucines, 15 isoleucines, 30 phenylalanines, 3 tryptophans, 21 tyrosines, 40 aspartic acids, 14 asparagines, 59 glutamic acids, 20 glutamines, 5 methionines, 32 serines, 34 threonines, 35 cysteines, 28 prolines, 17 histidines, and 26 arginines.) The results indicate that 12 linoleic acid molecules are bound to the amino acids of one serum albumin molecule by removing one molecule of water, resulting in a total degree of substitution of 1.98%. Eleven lysine molecules are bound, resulting in a degree of substitution of 18.33%, and one aspartic acid molecule is bound, resulting in a degree of substitution of 2.5%. The mass spectrum and amino acid sequence alignment are shown in Figure 1. Figure 10 and Figure 11 .

[0818] In this embodiment, serum albumin serves as both the water-soluble portion and the binding portion, and the linoleic acid carbon chain serves as the active portion.

[0819] Example 6 Preparation and Characterization of Human Serum Albumin / Bovine Serum Albumin Grafted Fatty Acid Complex (Active Molecular Weight + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Molecular Weight / Binding Molecular Weight)

[0820] Accurately weigh 0.36 mmol of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); 0.36 mmol of catalyst; add acid to activate the carboxyl groups to obtain activated DHA; and stir in an ice bath for 10-30 minutes. Accurately weigh 0.036 mmol of serum albumin (approximately 2.4 g by mass) and dissolve it in 5 ml of normal saline. Add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral, and stir to obtain a serum albumin solution. Add the serum albumin solution to the stirred activated DHA, and continue stirring in an ice bath overnight to obtain a DHA-albumin solution with a concentration of 72 mM (the concentration here refers to the molar concentration of the DHA-albumin complex in the reaction mixture, and has a similar meaning in the following examples). The solution was precipitated with glacial acetone, and then ethanol was used to remove fatty acids that did not participate in the reaction. Small molecular impurities were removed by dialysis (dialysis was performed using a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 500-1000, and the water was changed every 4 hours. Small molecular compounds with molecular weights less than 500 could be removed). Subsequently, gradient low-temperature drying was performed in a freeze-vacuum dryer (pre-freezing at -80°C for 24 hours and vacuuming for 12 hours, vacuuming at -20°C for 12 hours, and vacuuming at 4°C for more than 24 hours until the product was completely dry). The yield was 79%. The vacuum-dried complex was used for subsequent performance evaluation of its action on microorganisms.

[0821] Fourier infrared spectrum Figure 12 As shown, compared with docosahexaenoic acid, serum albumin grafted docosahexaenoic acid has a 1 A strong new absorption peak appeared at the wave number, which was attributed to γ=CH (bending vibration of unsaturated carbon-hydrogen bond out of the plane), which came from the grafted small molecule docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The grafted olefin was at 1708cm -1 The absorption peak at the wave number shifts to the low-wave band due to the conjugation effect, which is due to the ν C＝O After binding to serum albumin, it becomes the amide bond of C＝O Therefore, it can be preliminarily determined that DHA was successfully grafted onto the serum albumin molecular chain.

[0822] The structural changes of bovine serum albumin (BSA) were further analyzed by LC-MS. The mass spectrum and amino acid sequence alignment were as follows: Figure 13 and Figure 14 . It can be concluded that 9 DHA molecules are bonded to the amino group of the amino acid of 1 serum albumin molecule in the form of removing one molecule of water, and the total fatty acid substitution degree is 1.48%. Among them, 1 phenylalanine molecule is bound, and the phenylalanine substitution degree is 3.33%. 2 glutamic acid molecules are bound, and the glutamic acid substitution degree is 3.39%. 2 cysteine molecules are bound, and the cysteine substitution degree is 5.71%. 4 lysine molecules are bound, and the lysine substitution degree is 6.67%.

[0823] In this embodiment, serum albumin serves as both the water-soluble portion and the binding portion, and the docosahexaenoic acid carbon chain serves as the active portion.

[0824] Example 7 Preparation of Unsaturated Fatty Acid-Conjugated Hyaluronic Acid Complex (Active Molecular Weight + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Molecular Weight / Binding Molecular Weight)

[0825] There are 4 alcoholic hydroxyl groups on a single molecule of hyaluronic acid that can undergo esterification reaction with the carboxyl groups of fatty acid molecules.

[0826] According to the molar ratio of fatty acid carboxyl to hyaluronic acid hydroxyl being 4n:1-1:1, the molar ratio of catalyst to fatty acid carboxyl is 10:1-1:1, and the catalyst can be one or more of EDC, DCC, NHS, DMAP, HoBt and its derivatives and analogues.

[0827] In the specific present embodiment, precision weighs linoleic acid 0.001mmol, adds catalyst EDC0.001mmol and DMAP0.001mmol, and acid addition solution stirring activation 10min obtains activated linoleic acid.Precision weighs hyaluronic acid 0.0025mmol (taking molecular weight 200kDa as example, calculated as 20mg with mass), is dissolved in 5ml normal saline, adds NaOH solution and pH is adjusted to neutral, stirs, and obtains hyaluronic acid solution.Hyaluronic acid solution is joined in the activated linoleic acid in stirring, room temperature continues stirring reaction 12h, can obtain the linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid solution that concentration is 72mM, after reaction terminates, linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid reaction solution adopts the dialysis tubing that molecular weight cut-off is 500-1000 to dialyze the compound obtained with purification reaction, every 4h change water once (catalyst and unreacted fatty acid molecular weight are all less than 500, can be removed), dialyze 24h.Calculate the acquisition efficiency of product in the same manner as embodiment 1 and 2, yield is 75%. Linoleic acid-hyaluronic acid Fourier infrared spectrum Figure 15 As shown, the complex appeared at 1735 cm -1 The absorption peak at the wave number is attributed to the νC=O absorption peak, so it can be preliminarily judged that linoleic acid is successfully grafted onto the hyaluronic acid molecular chain.

[0828] In this embodiment, hyaluronic acid is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the linoleic acid carbon chain is the active part.

[0829] Example 8 Preparation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-Hyaluronic Acid Composite (Active Molecular Weight + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Molecular Weight / Binding Molecular Weight)

[0830] Accurately weigh 0.36mmol of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), add 0.36mmol of catalyst EDC and 0.36mmol of DMAP, stir and activate the solution with acid for 10min to obtain activated DHA. Accurately weigh 0.045mmol of hyaluronic acid (taking a molecular weight of 50k Da as an example, it is 2.5mg calculated by mass), dissolve it in 5ml of normal saline, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH to neutral, stir evenly, and obtain a hyaluronic acid solution. Add the hyaluronic acid solution to the activated DHA being stirred, continue stirring the reaction at room temperature for 8-24h, and you can get a DHA-hyaluronic acid solution with a concentration of 72mM. The reaction solution is purified by the same purification steps as in Example 7 to purify the compound obtained by the reaction and remove unreacted fatty acids and catalysts. The product acquisition efficiency is calculated in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2, which is 70%. The Fourier infrared spectrum of docosahexaenoic acid-hyaluronic acid is shown in the figure below. Figure 16 As shown, the ring strain of the six-membered ring of hyaluronic acid causes the -1 ν C＝C Frequency increased, complex 1649cm-1 and 1568cm -1 The absorption peak appears at the wave number, making ν C＝O Absorption peak (1649cm -1 ) moved to the lower band (the characteristic ν in general esters C＝O Absorption peak at 1750-1735cm -1 ), so it can be preliminarily determined that docosahexaenoic acid was successfully grafted onto the hyaluronic acid molecular chain.

[0831] The same method was used to prepare eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-hyaluronic acid complex for subsequent experiments.

[0832] In this embodiment, hyaluronic acid is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the carbon chains of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are the active parts.

[0833] Example 9 Preparation of unsaturated fatty acid-polypeptide complex (active portion + targeting binding portion / water-soluble portion)

[0834] Fatty acids are bonded to the molecular structure of polypeptides through amide bonds (free carboxyl groups of fatty acids and free amino groups of polypeptides) and ester bonds (free carboxyl groups of fatty acids and free hydroxyl groups of polypeptides).

[0835] Taking the peptide SBP1 (ACE2-derived peptide; binds SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain) as an example, its sequence is: IEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQS (modification: Ser-23 = C-terminal amide), which contains 6 free amino groups; the carboxyl group of the fatty acid reacts with the amino group, and the peptide is used as a carrier. The molar ratio of fatty acid to peptide is 8:1-1:4, the molar ratio of catalyst to fatty acid is 0.5:1~10:1, and carbodiimide and succinimide are used as catalysts, and the ratio of the two catalysts is 1:1-1:10.

[0836] In this embodiment, oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were selected to react with SBP1 respectively.

[0837] Accurately weigh 0.36mmol of fatty acid and 0.36mmol of catalyst; add acid to activate the carboxyl group; stir and activate for 10 minutes to obtain an activated fatty acid. Accurately weigh 0.72mmol of polypeptide SBP1, dissolve it in 20ml of normal saline, add NaOH solution to adjust the pH, and stir evenly to obtain SBP1 solution. Add the polypeptide SBP1 solution to the stirred activated fatty acid, continue stirring and reacting in an ice bath for 1 hour to obtain a fatty acid-SBP1 solution with a concentration of 36mM. The reaction solution is purified using the same purification steps as in Example 7 to purify the compound obtained by the reaction and remove unreacted fatty acid and catalyst. Freeze at -80 and vacuum dry to obtain the complex. The vacuum-dried complex is used for subsequent performance evaluation of microorganisms.

[0838] The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the prepared fatty acid-SBP1 complex is shown in Figure 17 As shown, it was judged that the fatty acids (oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) were successfully grafted onto the SBP1 molecular chain.

[0839] In this embodiment, SBP1 is both a water-soluble portion and a binding portion, and the unsaturated carbon chain of the fatty acid is the active portion.

[0840] Example 10 Preparation of unsaturated fatty acid-polypeptide complex (active portion + targeting binding portion / water-soluble portion)

[0841] The polypeptide SBP1 is used as a carrier, the molar ratio of fatty acid to polypeptide SBP1 is 7:1-1:2, the molar ratio of catalyst to fatty acid is 0.5:1-10:1, carbodiimide and succinimide are used as catalysts, and the ratio of the two catalysts is 1:1-1:10.

[0842] In this example, 9-tetradecenoic acid was used to react with SBP1.

[0843] Accurately weigh 0.36 mmol of fatty acid and 0.36 mmol of catalyst; add acid to catalytically activate the carboxyl group; stir and activate for 10 minutes to obtain an activated fatty acid. Accurately weigh 0.36 mmol of SBP1 and dissolve it in 20 ml of normal saline. Add NaOH solution to adjust the pH, and stir to obtain an SBP1 solution. Add the SBP1 solution to the stirred activated fatty acid and continue stirring in an ice bath for 1 hour to obtain an 18 mM 9-tetradecenoic acid-SBP1 solution. Apply the same purification steps as in Example 7 to the reaction solution to purify the compound obtained by the reaction and remove unreacted fatty acid and catalyst. Freeze at -80°C and vacuum dry to obtain the product.

[0844] The Fourier infrared spectrum of 9-tetradecenoic acid-SBP1 is as follows Figure 18 As shown, it was preliminarily judged that 9-tetradecenoic acid was successfully grafted onto the SBP1 molecular chain.

[0845] In this embodiment, SBP1 is both a water-soluble portion and a binding portion, and the unsaturated carbon chain of the fatty acid is the active portion.

[0846] Example 11 Preparation of unsaturated fatty acid-CD14 protein complex (active portion + targeting binding portion / water-soluble portion)

[0847] Fatty acids are bonded to the molecular structure of proteins through amide bonds (free carboxyl groups of fatty acids and free amino groups of proteins) and ester bonds (free carboxyl groups of fatty acids and free hydroxyl groups of proteins).

[0848] Taking CD14 (34kDa) as an example, its sequence is: TTPEPCELDDEDFRCVCNFSEPQPDWSEAFQCVSAVEVEIHAGGLNLEPFLKRVDADADPRQYADTVKALRVRRLTVGAAQVPAQLLVGALRVLAYSRLKELTLEDLKITGTMPPLPLEATGLALSSLRLRNVSWATGRSWLAELQQWLKPGLKVLSIAQAHSPAFSYEQVRAFPALTSLDLSDNPGLGERGLMAALCPHKFPAIQNLALRNTGMETPTGVCAALAAAGVQPHSLDLSHNSLRATVNPSAPRCMWSSALNSLNLSFAGLEQVPKGLPAKLRVLDLSCNRLNRAPQPDELPEVDNLTLDGNPFLVPG, which contains 47 free amino groups.

[0849] In this example, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were reacted with CD14. The molar ratio of the fatty acid carboxyl group to CD14 was 17:1 to 1:1. Carbodiimide and succinimide were used as catalysts, with the ratio of the two catalysts being 1:1 to 1:10. The reaction method was similar to that of Examples 1 and 2.

[0850] Accurately weigh 0.36 mmol of fatty acid and 0.36 mmol of catalyst; add acid to activate the carboxyl groups; stir and activate for 30 minutes to obtain the activated fatty acid. Accurately weigh 0.021 mmol of CD14 and dissolve it in 100 ml of normal saline. Add NaOH solution to adjust the pH, and stir to obtain a CD14 solution. Add the CD14 solution to the stirring activated fatty acid and continue stirring overnight in an ice bath to obtain a 3.6 mM fatty acid-CD14 solution. Purify the reaction solution using the same purification procedures as in Example 7 to remove unreacted fatty acid and catalyst. Freeze at -80°C and vacuum dry to obtain the product. The product yields are 87.3%, 87.6%, 86.8%, 89.0%, and 88.7%, respectively.

[0851] In this embodiment, CD14 serves as both the water-soluble portion and the binding portion, and the unsaturated carbon chain of the fatty acid serves as the active portion.

[0852] Example 12 Preparation of Saturated Fatty Acid-Hyaluronic Acid Complex (Active Molecular Weight + Macromolecular Water-Soluble Molecular Weight / Binding Molecular Weight)

[0853] In this example, hexanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, and eicosanoic acid were reacted with hyaluronic acid to prepare a saturated fatty acid-hyaluronic acid complex. The molar ratio of the carboxylic acid group of the fatty acid to the hyaluronic acid was 4n:1-1:1 (n is the number of repetitions of the hyaluronic acid monomolecular unit, and n is an integer from 1 to 2000), the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid was 0.5:1-2:1, and the catalyst was carbodiimide and dimethylaminopyridine, and the molar ratio of the two was 1:1-1:10.

[0854] Specifically, proceed according to the following reaction formula 12-1:

[0855]

[0856] n is the number of repetitions of the hyaluronic acid monomolecular unit, and n is an integer of 1-2000.

[0857] The R groups are saturated carbon chains of C5, C7, C9, C11, C13, C15, C17, and C19. The reaction process is as follows:

[0858] Precision weighs fatty acid 0.36mmol, adds catalyst EDC 0.4mmol, DMAP 0.4mmol, and acid addition solution stirs activation 10min, obtains activated fatty acid.Precision weighs hyaluronic acid 0.00068mmol (taking molecular weight 500k Da as example, 340mg is calculated with mass), is dissolved in 5ml normal saline, adds NaOH solution and pH is adjusted to neutral, stirs, and obtains hyaluronic acid solution.Hyaluronic acid solution is joined in the activated fatty acid in stirring, and room temperature continues stirring reaction 12h, and the fatty acid-hyaluronic acid solution that concentration is 72mM can be obtained, and the compound obtained with purification reaction using the purification operation step identical with Example 7 to the reaction solution is removed unreacted fatty acid and catalyst.

[0859] In this embodiment, hyaluronic acid is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the fatty acid saturated carbon chain is the active part.

[0860] Example 13 Preparation of unsaturated fatty acid-hyaluronic acid complex (active part + macromolecular water-soluble part / binding part)

[0861] Preparation of glutaconate-hyaluronic acid, wherein the molar ratio of the carboxylic acid group of the fatty acid to the hyaluronic acid is 4n:1 (n is the number of repetitions of the hyaluronic acid monomolecular unit, n is an integer from 1 to 2000), the molar ratio of the catalyst to the fatty acid is 0.5:1-2:1, and the catalyst is carbodiimide and dimethylaminopyridine, and the molar ratio of the two is 1:1-1:10.

[0862] Proceed according to the following reaction formula 13-1:

[0863]

[0864] The R group is The reaction process is as follows:

[0865] Glutaconedioic acid 0.36mmol is accurately weighed, catalyst EDC 0.4mmol, DMAP 0.4mmol is added, and acid addition solution stirs activation 10min, obtains activation glutaconedioic acid. Hyaluronic acid 0.0014mmol (taking molecular weight 300k Da as example, 420mg is calculated as mass) is accurately weighed, is dissolved in 5ml normal saline, adds NaOH solution and pH is adjusted to neutral, stirs and obtains hyaluronic acid solution. Hyaluronic acid solution is joined in the activated glutaconedioic acid in stirring, room temperature continues stirring reaction 12h, can obtain glutaconedioic acid-hyaluronic acid solution that concentration is 72mM, the reaction soln adopts the purification operation step identical with Example 7 to obtain the compound with purification reaction, removes unreacted fatty acid and catalyst.

[0866] In this embodiment, hyaluronic acid serves as both the water-soluble portion and the binding portion, and the unsaturated carbon chain of glutaconedioic acid serves as the active portion.

[0867] Example 14 Preparation of Eight-Cell Saturated Carbon Chain-Glucose Complex (Small Molecule Water-Soluble Portion + Active Portion) and Performance Evaluation

[0868] In this example, octanoic acid was used to prepare a saturated fatty acid glucose complex according to the following reaction formula 14-1:

[0869]

[0870] The reaction process is as follows:

[0871] To 0.72 mmol of octanoic acid, 0.72 mmol of EDC and 0.72 mmol of DMAP as catalysts were added, and the mixture was stirred and activated in an ice bath for 10 minutes to obtain activated octanoic acid. 1.44 mmol of glucose was dissolved in 10 ml of deionized water and added to the activated octanoic acid solution. The pH value was adjusted to 7.0-7.4 with NaOH, and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours to obtain a reaction product solution. After the reaction, the product solution was purified by chromatography and added to a Shephadex G10 chromatography column (Φ26 mm×50 cm). The product solution was eluted with physiological saline at a flow rate of 50 ml / h. The eluents were collected step by step and detected by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. The first elution peak was combined to obtain the reaction product.

[0872] The octanoic acid-glucose complex is obtained. The infrared spectrum of the prepared complex is as follows Figure 19 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that since only the hydroxyl group of glucose retains v after combining with octanoic acid c-o Peak 1000-1250cm -1 The ester bond formed by octanoic acid and glucose has a conjugated effect with the hydroxyl group of glucose molecules, which causes the absorption peak of the ester bond to shift from 1740 cm -1 The characteristic peak of carboxyl group at 1660 cm-1 shifts to the short wavelength band. -1 .

[0873] The inhibition rate of bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus) was tested as follows: LB agar was used for culture medium preparation, and the pH value was 7.2-7.4 according to the instructions of the product. Inoculum preparation and inoculation: the bacteria were diluted to 10 5 -10 6 CFU, take 100ul of bacteria, add 900ul of drug solution diluted to different concentrations, incubate at 37 degrees Celsius for 2 hours, then dilute the solution 100 times, take 100ul and spread it on the plate, incubate at 37 degrees Celsius for 16-24 hours, count the colonies, and calculate the inhibition rate. The inhibition results are as follows Figure 20As shown, when the concentration is 72mM-9mM, the inhibition rate is greater than 99%, and it has bactericidal properties. The half-inhibitory concentration is 4.5Mm. When the concentration is between 4.5mM-0.14mM, the inhibition rate is <50%, and it has no bacteriostatic properties.

[0874] In this example, glucose serves as both the water-soluble portion and the binding portion, and the fatty acid saturated carbon chain serves as the active portion. The antibacterial results of the complex are summarized in Table 2-1.

[0875] Table 2-1 Bactericidal and antibacterial properties of eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-glucose (9mM) (2h)

[0876] Test microorganisms Sterilization rate (%) Escherichia coli ＞99 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ＞99 Streptococcus pneumoniae ＞99 Klebsiella pneumoniae ＞99 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ＞99

[0877] Example 15 Preparation of eight-carbon saturated carbon chain-sucrose complex (small molecule water-soluble part + active part) and performance evaluation

[0878] In this example, octanoic acid was used to prepare a saturated fatty acid sucrose complex, and the reaction was carried out according to the following reaction formula 15-1.

[0879]

[0880] The reaction process is as follows:

[0881] To 0.72 mmol of octanoic acid, 0.72 mmol of catalyst EDC and 0.72 mmol of DMAP were added, and the mixture was stirred and activated for 10 minutes in an ice bath. 0.24 mmol of sucrose was dissolved in 10 ml of deionized water and added to the activated octanoic acid solution. The pH value was adjusted to 7.0-7.4 with NaOH, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at room temperature for 12 hours. The reaction product solution was purified according to the same procedure as in Example 14 to obtain an octanoic acid-sucrose complex. The infrared spectrum of the prepared complex is shown in FIG. Figure 21 As shown, sucrose molecules have a wavelength of 1700-1500 cm -1 There is no absorption peak in this band, while octanoic acid has an absorption peak at 1700 cm -1 There is a strong absorption peak at 1700-1500cm -1 There are two strong absorption peaks in the band. It is inferred that the peaks may be shifted to the low band due to the conjugation effect between the formed ester bond and the hydroxyl group of the sucrose molecule.

[0882] The inhibition rate of bacteria (such as Staphylococcus aureus) was tested. The experimental process was as follows: BL agar was used for culture medium preparation, and the pH value was 7.2-7.4 according to the product instructions. Inoculum preparation and inoculation: the bacteria were diluted to 10 5 -10 6CFU, take 100ul of bacteria, add 900ul of drug solution diluted to different concentrations, incubate at 37 degrees for 2 hours, then dilute the solution 100 times, take 100ul and spread it on the plate, incubate at 37 degrees for 16-24 hours, count the colonies, and calculate the inhibition rate. The inhibition results are as follows Figure 22 As shown, when the concentration is 72mM-9mM, the inhibition rate is greater than 99%, and it has bactericidal properties. The half-inhibitory concentration is 4.5mM. When the concentration is between 4.5mM-0.14mM, the inhibition rate is <50%, and it has no antibacterial properties.

[0883] In this example, sucrose is both the water-soluble part and the binding part, and the fatty acid saturated carbon chain is the active part. The specific antibacterial results are summarized in Table 2-2.

[0884] Table 2-2 Bactericidal and antibacterial properties of 8-carbon saturated carbon chain-sucrose (9mM) (2h)

[0885] Test microorganisms Sterilization rate (%) Escherichia coli ＞99 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ＞99 Streptococcus pneumoniae ＞99 Klebsiella pneumoniae ＞99 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ＞99

[0886] Example 16 Preparation of fatty acid-nucleotide complex (small molecule water-soluble part + active part) and performance evaluation

[0887] In this example, octanoic acid, linolenic acid, and docosapentaenoic acid were selected as carbon chain donors and reacted with adenosine monophosphate respectively. The general reaction formula is as follows, where R ...

Claims

1. A water-soluble complex capable of preventing, inhibiting and / or treating viral or bacterial infection, comprising an active portion, a binding portion and a water-soluble portion, wherein: The virus is one or more viruses selected from the group consisting of novel coronavirus, influenza virus, HIV, human herpes virus, and human papillomavirus; the bacteria are one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; It is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid containing 3 to 50 carbon atoms with at least one selected from monosaccharide, disaccharide and polysaccharide molecules; Alternatively, it is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms with at least one selected from a monosaccharide, a disaccharide and a polysaccharide molecule, and a mixture of unreacted fatty acids and / or unreacted monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or polysaccharide molecules; wherein the polysaccharide is one or more selected from the group consisting of dextran and / or hyaluronic acid, sialic acid, heparin sulfate, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, acetyl water-soluble cellulose derivatives, β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives, and water-soluble chitosan derivatives; Among them, for viruses or bacteria with a lipid membrane structure, the active part of the complex can penetrate, insert, and integrate into the lipid membrane, destroying the structural stability of the lipid membrane, and then destroying the integrity of the lipid membrane and cell wall, thereby achieving the effect of killing the virus or bacteria; for non-enveloped viruses, the binding part of the complex combines with the viral surface protein domain, and the active part is wrapped around the surface of the non-enveloped virus, causing the non-enveloped virus to be hydrophobically isolated and then cleared by immune cells, thereby achieving the effect of preventing and treating non-enveloped virus infection. The complex according to claim 1 , wherein the number of carbon atoms is 3-48. The complex according to claim 1 , wherein the number of carbon atoms is 3-26.

4. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids or unsaturated fatty acids having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, and the fatty acid is a fatty acid or amino acid containing a double bond, a triple bond, a hydroxyl group, an amino group and / or being oxidized, and is a monobasic acid, a dibasic acid or a polybasic acid.

5. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids having 3 to 46 carbon atoms, monoenoic acids having 3 to 34 carbon atoms, dienoic acids having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, trienoic acids having 7 to 30 carbon atoms, tetraenoic acids having 12 to 38 carbon atoms, pentaenoic acids having 12 to 38 carbon atoms, hexaenoic acids having 22 to 38 carbon atoms, ynoic acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, diynoic acids having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, triynoic acids having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, enoic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and the main Fatty acids with 3-30 chain carbon atoms and 1-10 alkyl groups and / or 1-3 hydroxyl groups on the branches, saturated straight-chain and branched dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids with 3-38 carbon atoms, unsaturated straight-chain or branched dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids with 4-18 carbon atoms which may be substituted with hydroxyl groups, carboxylic acids with 3-18 carbon atoms substituted with amino, hydroxyl, oxo and / or methyl groups, N-acylamino acids with 6-30 carbon atoms, amino acids containing 2 or more acyl groups, and one or more polycarboxylic acids connected by thioether bonds and amide bonds.

6. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids are one or more selected from fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaconic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and octacosanoic acid, or carbon chain residues formed therefrom.

7. The complex according to claim 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, PEG and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides and disaccharides; or it is a mixture of a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, PEG and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides and disaccharides, and unreacted fatty acid, unreacted PEG and / or unreacted polysaccharide, monosaccharide and / or disaccharide.

8. The complex according to claim 1, which is a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, cystamine and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides and disaccharides; or a mixture of a compound obtained by reacting a saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid having 3 to 50 carbon atoms, cystamine and at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides and disaccharides, and unreacted fatty acid, unreacted at least one selected from polysaccharides, monosaccharides and disaccharides, and / or unreacted cystamine.

9. The complex according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction contains one or more of amide groups, ester groups, thioether groups or ether groups, and these groups serve as the connecting portion between the water-soluble portion and the active portion.

10. The complex according to claim 1, 7 or 8, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3 to 48 carbon atoms.

11. The complex according to claim 1, 7 or 8, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid having 3 to 40 carbon atoms and containing 1 to 8 C=C double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 7 C=C double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 6 double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 5 double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 4 double bonds, a fatty acid containing 1 to 3 double bonds, or a fatty acid containing 1 to 2 double bonds. 12 . The complex according to claim 1 , 7 or 8 , wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid is a fatty acid having 1 to 6 double bonds and 3 to 30 carbon atoms.

13. The complex according to claim 1, 7 or 8, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid has 3 to 30 carbon atoms.

14. The complex according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acids are one or more fatty acids selected from the group consisting of fumaric acid, octanoic acid, glutaconic acid, hexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecenoic acid, tetradecenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and octacosanoic acid.

15. The complex according to claim 1, 7 or 8, wherein the polysaccharide is dextran and / or hyaluronic acid.

16. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or more compounds obtained by the reaction of fatty acid and dextran having the following structural formula: 。 17. The complex according to claim 1, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or more compounds obtained by the reaction of fatty acid and hyaluronic acid having the following structural formula: ； n is an integer from 1 to 2000.

18. The complex according to claim 7, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction is a compound obtained by reacting a fatty acid having 3 to 10 carbon atoms with PEG and glucose.

19. The complex according to claim 18, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction is a compound having the following structural formula: n is an integer from 1 to 200.

20. The complex according to claim 8, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or more compounds having the following structural formulas obtained by reacting fatty acid, cystamine and dextran: 。 21. The complex according to claim 8, wherein the compound obtained by the reaction is any one or more compounds obtained by the reaction of fatty acid, cystamine and hyaluronic acid having the following structural formula: 。 22. A preparation for preventing, inhibiting or treating microbial infection prepared using the complex according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

23. The preparation according to claim 22, which is a pharmaceutical preparation or an environmental disinfection preparation.

24. The preparation according to claim 23, wherein the pharmaceutical preparation is one selected from the group consisting of an inhaler, a nasal spray, an injection, an oral preparation, and a topical skin preparation.

25. Use of the complex according to any one of claims 1 to 21 in the preparation of a pharmaceutical preparation for preventing or inhibiting microbial infection or an environmental microbicidal agent.

26. The use according to claim 25, wherein the microorganism is any one or two selected from viruses and bacteria.

27. The use according to claim 26, wherein the virus is an enveloped virus and / or a non-enveloped virus.

28. The use according to claim 26, wherein the virus is one or more viruses selected from the group consisting of novel coronavirus, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human herpes virus, and human papillomavirus (HPV), and the bacteria are one or more bacteria selected from the group consisting of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

29. The use according to claim 26, wherein the virus is selected from one or more of H7N9 influenza virus, H5N1 influenza virus, HIV virus, novel coronavirus and HPV virus.

30. A method for preparing the complex according to any one of claims 1 to 21, comprising reacting fat-soluble fatty acids having saturated and / or unsaturated carbon chains with branched, cyclic and / or linear structures, water-soluble molecules, monosaccharide, disaccharide and / or polysaccharide molecules capable of binding to microbial lipid membranes, microbial surface domains or cell walls, and linker molecules added as needed in the presence of a catalyst to obtain the complex. The method for preparing the complex according to claim 30 , wherein the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction.

32. The method for preparing the complex according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the complex is obtained by reacting the saturated and / or unsaturated fatty acid with any one of monosaccharides, disaccharides and / or polysaccharides in the presence of a catalyst.

33. The method for preparing the complex according to claim 32, wherein the complex is a product obtained by purifying the compound obtained by the reaction.

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