Damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts and its preparation process

Abstract

The present invention discloses a damping cloth for polishing infrared aspheric optical parts and a preparation process thereof, and relates to the technical field of damping cloth. A damping cloth for polishing infrared aspheric optical parts comprises a damping cloth surface layer, a hot melt adhesive layer and a damping cloth base layer, wherein the damping cloth surface layer is connected to the damping cloth base layer through the hot melt adhesive layer, and a deformation groove and a drainage groove are provided on the damping cloth surface layer, and the lower end of the deformation groove is connected to the upper end of the drainage groove, and the deformation groove divides the upper surface of the damping cloth surface layer into an array of abrasive blocks. The damping cloth for polishing infrared aspheric optical parts proposed by the present invention and a preparation process thereof, by providing deformation grooves and drainage grooves on the surface of the damping cloth surface layer, and providing deformation holes on the damping cloth base layer, a deformation space is realized when the damping cloth surface layer and the damping cloth base layer are bent, wrinkles are prevented from appearing on the surface of the damping cloth surface layer, and scratches on the infrared aspheric optical parts are avoided during polishing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of damping cloth, in particular to a damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Chinese patent CN108637925B discloses a damping cloth for polishing precision optical devices and a preparation method thereof, comprising a damping cloth substrate layer, a hot melt adhesive layer and a fixed abrasive layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the damping cloth substrate layer has a thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm, the hot melt adhesive layer has a thickness of 0.02-0.04 mm, and the fixed abrasive layer has a thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm.

[0003] Although this patent solves to a certain extent the problem in the background technology that the damping cloth easily causes scratches on the surface of precision optical devices, and the damping cloth has a large mass consumption and a short life during the polishing process, when the damping cloth in this patent is used for curved surface polishing, such as using a large mold polishing method for infrared aspheric optical parts disclosed in Chinese patent CN100566934 for polishing, the damping cloth is adhered to the concave surface of the polishing mold, and the surface of the damping cloth is bent into a certain arc to polish the precision optical device. At this time, the damping cloth is prone to wrinkles due to the bending, and the wrinkled part will scratch the precision optical device during the polishing process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a damping cloth for polishing infrared aspheric optical parts and a preparation process thereof. By opening deformation grooves and drainage grooves on the surface of the damping cloth surface layer, and providing deformation holes on the damping cloth base layer, deformation space is realized when the damping cloth surface layer and the damping cloth base layer are bent, thereby preventing wrinkles from appearing on the surface of the damping cloth surface layer and avoiding scratches on the infrared aspheric optical parts during polishing, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a damping cloth for polishing infrared non-spherical optical parts, comprising a damping cloth surface layer, a hot melt adhesive layer and a damping cloth base layer, wherein the damping cloth surface layer is connected to the damping cloth base layer through the hot melt adhesive layer, a deformation groove and a drainage groove are provided on the damping cloth surface layer, the lower end of the deformation groove is connected to the upper end of the drainage groove, the deformation groove divides the upper surface of the damping cloth surface layer into abrasive blocks distributed in an array, and an inner groove is provided inside the abrasive block;

[0006] The damping fabric base layer is provided with deformation holes in an array, the deformation holes penetrate the hot melt adhesive layer and are connected with the inner groove.

[0007] Preferably, the deformation groove is a V-shaped groove with a larger opening diameter at the upper end and a smaller opening diameter at the lower end.

[0008] Preferably, the cross section of the drainage groove is circular, and the diameter of the drainage groove is larger than the caliber of the opening at the lower end of the deformation groove.

[0009] Preferably, the inner groove comprises an upper arc surface, a lower arc surface and a side arc surface, the edges of the upper arc surface and the lower arc surface are connected through the side arc surface, and the upper arc surface and the lower arc surface are both convex toward the deformation hole.

[0010] Preferably, the damping fabric surface layer is made of the following materials:

[0011] Submicron cerium oxide 35-45%;

[0012] Silicon carbide 10-20%;

[0013] Alumina 10-15%;

[0014] Chromium oxide 5-10%;

[0015] Oxide ceramics 15-25%.

[0016] Preferably, the damping fabric base layer includes a fabric reinforcement layer and a connecting adhesive layer, and the fabric reinforcement layer is connected via the connecting adhesive layer.

[0017] Preferably, the fabric reinforcement layer is made of the following materials:

[0018] Nylon fiber 12-25%;

[0019] Polyurethane fiber 8-20%;

[0020] Aramid fiber 10-20%;

[0021] Base fabric 50-70%.

[0022] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a preparation process of a damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1: preparing a damping fabric base layer: applying epoxy resin glue on a base fabric, laying nylon fibers, polyurethane fibers and aramid fibers in sequence, applying epoxy resin glue on the laid materials before laying each layer of fibers, and then connecting the base fabric to the aramid fibers through epoxy resin glue, and connecting the base fabric, nylon fibers, polyurethane fibers and aramid fibers through hot pressing to form a damping fabric base layer;

[0024] S2: preparing a hot melt adhesive layer: laying hot melt adhesive on the damping fabric base layer, placing the damping fabric base layer and the hot melt adhesive together in a hot press, preheating them first, and then hot pressing them. After the hot pressing is completed, the damping fabric base layer is cooled to room temperature to obtain a hot melt adhesive layer connected to the surface thereof;

[0025] S3 preparation of damping fabric surface layer:

[0026] S31: mixing submicron cerium oxide, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide and oxide ceramics in proportion, and grinding them thoroughly to obtain an abrasive mixture;

[0027] S32: The abrasive mixture is implanted onto the hot melt adhesive layer by an electrostatic sand implantation method, and a damping cloth surface layer is formed on the hot melt adhesive layer to obtain a damping cloth rough blank.

[0028] S4 slotted holes:

[0029] S41: placing the damping cloth rough blank obtained in S3 into a slotting machine, and forming crisscross deformation grooves and drainage grooves on the surface layer of the damping cloth;

[0030] S42: a deformation hole is formed on the damping cloth base layer, the deformation hole extends into the abrasive block, and an inner groove is formed on the abrasive block through the deformation hole.

[0031] Preferably, the hot pressing time of the epoxy resin glue and the fabric reinforcement layer in S1 is 5-8s, the hot pressing pressure is 0.30-0.45MPa, and the hot pressing temperature is 130-135°C.

[0032] Preferably, the preheating time of the damping fabric base layer and the hot melt adhesive in S2 is 10-12 min, the preheating temperature is 70-80° C., the hot pressing time is 30-35 s, and the hot pressing pressure is 0.75-0.85 MPa.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. By providing deformation grooves and drainage grooves on the surface of the damping cloth surface layer, and providing deformation holes on the damping cloth base layer, deformation space is realized when the damping cloth surface layer and the damping cloth base layer are bent, so as to prevent wrinkles on the surface of the damping cloth surface layer and avoid scratches on infrared aspheric optical parts during polishing;

[0035] 2. An inner groove is provided inside the abrasive block. When the damping cloth surface layer bends, the end of the deformation hole away from the lower arc surface is stretched, the thickness of the damping cloth base layer corresponding to the center position of the abrasive block becomes thinner, and the center of the abrasive block is sunken downward. The inner groove makes it possible for the center of the abrasive block to deform downward, thereby improving the fit between the abrasive block and the infrared aspheric optical parts and improving the polishing accuracy.

[0036] 3. By adjusting the ratio of different raw materials, the damping cloth surface layer and the fabric reinforcement layer are prepared with different raw material ratios. The prepared damping cloth surface layer has good wear resistance and good flatness, and no marks will appear on the surface of polished objects. The prepared fabric reinforcement layer has good elasticity and is not easy to wrinkle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the damping cloth of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the damping cloth of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0039] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the damping cloth of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is an enlarged view of the A-touch of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1. Damping cloth surface layer; 11. Deformation groove; 12. Drainage groove; 13. Abrasive block; 131. Inner groove; 1311. Upper arc surface; 1312. Lower arc surface; 1313. Side arc surface; 2. Hot melt adhesive layer; 3. Damping cloth base layer; 31. Deformation hole; 32. Fabric reinforcement layer; 33. Connecting adhesive layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment 1:

[0044] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 A damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts comprises a damping cloth surface layer 1, a hot melt adhesive layer 2 and a damping cloth base layer 3. The damping cloth surface layer 1 is connected to the damping cloth base layer 3 through the hot melt adhesive layer 2. A deformation groove 11 and a drainage groove 12 are provided on the damping cloth surface layer 1. The lower end of the deformation groove 11 is connected to the upper end of the drainage groove 12. The deformation groove 11 is a V-shaped groove with a large opening diameter at the upper end and a small opening diameter at the lower end.

[0045] Specifically, when the damping fabric surface layer 1 is bent, both sides of the upper opening of the deformation groove 11 and both sides of the lower opening are moved closer to the middle position, the distance between the two sides of the upper opening of the deformation groove 11 is larger, and the diameter difference between the upper opening and the lower opening of the deformation groove 11 is reduced. The large diameter of the upper opening of the deformation groove 11 can provide conditions for the damping fabric surface layer 1 to bend a larger arc surface.

[0046] The cross section of the drainage groove 12 is circular, and the diameter of the drainage groove 12 is larger than the diameter of the lower opening of the deformation groove 11 .

[0047] Specifically, impurities entering the drainage groove 12 cannot be easily moved out of the deformation groove 11, which facilitates the discharge of impurities during the polishing process. The drainage groove 12 is connected to the deformation groove 11, and the arc surface structure of the drainage groove 12 can play a certain fixing role. When the diameter of the upper opening of the deformation groove 11 is reduced, the drainage groove 12 limits the lower opening of the deformation groove 11 and resists the approach, preventing a single abrasive block 13 from approaching too close, ensuring that all the abrasive blocks 13 are evenly distributed, and avoiding wrinkles after the damping cloth surface layer 1 is bent.

[0048] The deformation groove 11 divides the upper surface of the damping cloth surface layer 1 into an array of abrasive blocks 13, and an inner groove 131 is opened inside the abrasive block 13. The damping cloth base layer 3 is arrayed with deformation holes 31, which penetrate the hot melt adhesive layer 2 and are connected with the inner groove 131.

[0049] The inner groove 131 includes an upper arc surface 1311 , a lower arc surface 1312 and a side arc surface 1313 . The edges of the upper arc surface 1311 and the lower arc surface 1312 are connected via the side arc surface 1313 . Both the upper arc surface 1311 and the lower arc surface 1312 are convex toward the deformation hole 31 .

[0050] Specifically, when the damping cloth surface layer 1 bends, the end of the deformation hole 31 away from the lower arc surface 1312 is stretched, the thickness of the damping cloth base layer 3 corresponding to the center position of the abrasive block 13 becomes thinner, the center of the abrasive block 13 is recessed downward, and the inner groove 131 provides the possibility for the center of the abrasive block 13 to deform downward.

[0051] The damping fabric surface layer 1 is made of the following raw materials:

[0052] Submicron cerium oxide 35%;

[0053] Silicon carbide 20%;

[0054] Alumina 15%;

[0055] Chromium oxide 5%;

[0056] Oxide ceramics 25%.

[0057] The damping fabric base layer 3 includes a fabric reinforcement layer 32 and a connecting adhesive layer 33 , and the fabric reinforcement layer 32 is connected via the connecting adhesive layer 33 .

[0058] The fabric reinforcement layer 32 is made of the following materials:

[0059] Nylon fiber 12%;

[0060] Polyurethane fiber 8%;

[0061] Aramid fiber 20%;

[0062] Base fabric 60%.

[0063] Specifically, nylon fiber, polyurethane fiber and aramid fiber have good elasticity and can prevent the fabric reinforcement layer 32 from wrinkling.

[0064] In order to better demonstrate the preparation process of the damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts, this embodiment now proposes a preparation process of the damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts, including the following steps:

[0065] S1 prepares a damping fabric base layer 3;

[0066] S11: applying epoxy resin glue on the base cloth, laying nylon fiber, polyurethane fiber and aramid fiber in sequence, applying epoxy resin glue on the laid material before laying each layer of fiber, and then connecting the base cloth on the aramid fiber through epoxy resin glue, connecting the base cloth, nylon fiber, polyurethane fiber and aramid fiber through hot pressing to form a damping cloth base layer 3, the hot pressing time of epoxy resin glue and fabric reinforcement layer 32 is 5s, the hot pressing pressure is 0.45MPa, and the hot pressing temperature is 130°C. After the hot pressing is completed, the temperature is lowered to room temperature;

[0067] S2: preparing the hot melt adhesive layer 2: laying the hot melt adhesive on the damping fabric base layer 3, placing the damping fabric base layer 3 and the hot melt adhesive together in a hot press, preheating them first, and then hot pressing them. The preheating time of the damping fabric base layer 3 and the hot melt adhesive is 10 minutes, the preheating temperature is 70°C, the hot pressing time is 35 seconds, and the hot pressing pressure is 0.75 MPa. After the hot pressing is completed, the surface of the damping fabric base layer 3 is connected with the hot melt adhesive layer 2 after cooling to room temperature.

[0068] S3 Preparation of damping fabric surface layer 1:

[0069] S31: mixing submicron cerium oxide, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide and oxide ceramics in proportion, and grinding them thoroughly to obtain an abrasive mixture;

[0070] S32: The abrasive mixture is implanted onto the hot melt adhesive layer 2 by an electrostatic sand implantation method, and a damping cloth surface layer 1 is formed on the hot melt adhesive layer 2 to obtain a damping cloth rough blank.

[0071] S4 slotted holes:

[0072] S41: placing the damping cloth blank obtained in S3 into a slotting machine, and forming crisscross deformation grooves 11 and drainage grooves 12 on the damping cloth surface layer 1;

[0073] S42 : a deformation hole 31 is formed on the damping fabric base layer 3 , the deformation hole 31 extends into the abrasive block 13 , and an inner groove 131 is formed on the abrasive block 13 through the deformation hole 31 .

[0074] The difference between the second to sixth embodiments and the first embodiment is that the weight ratio of the raw materials of the damping fabric base layer 3 and the damping fabric surface layer 1 is different, and the preparation process is the same, see Table 1 for details.

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] In Examples 1 to 3, the fabric reinforcement layer 32 is made of the same raw material, and in Examples 4 to 6, the damping cloth surface layer 1 is made of the same raw material. Control Group 1 uses the same material as in Example 1, and Control Group 2 uses the same material as in Example 4. Both Control Group 1 and Control Group 2 do not perform the S4 grooving and hole opening step. The damping cloth made in the above embodiments is used to polish the infrared aspheric optical lens, and the Ra value and the number of scratches on the surface of the infrared aspheric optical lens are detected after polishing.

[0078] It can be seen from the above table that in Examples 1 to 6, the prepared damping cloth had no scratches when polishing the infrared aspheric optical lens, and the roughness of the polished surface of the infrared aspheric optical lens was no more than 2 nm. In the control group, because the damping cloth did not have the deformation groove 11, the drainage groove 12, the inner groove 131 and the deformation hole 31 structure, the fit between the damping cloth surface layer 1 and the infrared aspheric optical lens was not high, and the roughness of the polished infrared aspheric optical lens surface was higher than 2 nm, and there were scratches.

[0079] In Examples 1 to 6, the damping cloth prepared by using the material ratio in Example 5 has the best polishing effect.

[0080] In summary, the present invention proposes a damping cloth for polishing infrared aspheric optical parts and a preparation process thereof. By providing a deformation groove 11 and a drainage groove 12 on the surface of the damping cloth surface layer 1, and providing a deformation hole 31 on the damping cloth base layer 3, a deformation space is realized when the damping cloth surface layer 1 and the damping cloth base layer 3 are bent, so as to prevent wrinkles from appearing on the surface of the damping cloth surface layer 1, and avoid scratches on the infrared aspheric optical parts during polishing; an inner groove 131 is provided inside the abrasive block 13, and when the damping cloth surface layer 1 is bent, the deformation hole 31 is away from the lower arc surface 1312 One end of the abrasive block 13 is stretched, and the thickness of the damping cloth base layer 3 corresponding to the center position of the abrasive block 13 becomes thinner, and the center of the abrasive block 13 is recessed downward. The inner groove 131 provides the possibility for the center of the abrasive block 13 to deform downward, thereby improving the fit between the abrasive block 13 and the infrared aspheric optical parts and improving the polishing accuracy; by adjusting the ratio of different raw materials, and using different raw material ratios to prepare the damping cloth surface layer 1 and the fabric reinforcement layer 32, the prepared damping cloth surface layer 1 has good wear resistance and good flatness, and no marks will appear on the surface of the polished object, and the prepared fabric reinforcement layer 32 has good elasticity and is not easy to wrinkle.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A damping cloth for polishing infrared non-spherical optical parts, comprising a damping cloth surface layer (1), a hot melt adhesive layer (2) and a damping cloth base layer (3), characterized in that: The damping fabric surface layer (1) is connected to the damping fabric base layer (3) via a hot melt adhesive layer (2); a deformation groove (11) and a drainage groove (12) are provided on the damping fabric surface layer (1); the lower end of the deformation groove (11) is connected to the upper end of the drainage groove (12); the deformation groove (11) divides the upper surface of the damping fabric surface layer (1) into an array of abrasive blocks (13); an inner groove (131) is provided inside the abrasive block (13); The array is provided with deformation holes (31), the deformation holes (31) penetrate the hot melt adhesive layer (2) and are connected with the inner groove (131), the inner groove (131) comprises an upper arc surface (1311), a lower arc surface (1312) and a side arc surface (1313), the edges of the upper arc surface (1311) and the lower arc surface (1312) are connected through the side arc surface (1313), and the upper arc surface (1311) and the lower arc surface (1312) are both protruding toward the deformation hole (31).

2. The damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation groove (11) is a V-shaped groove with a larger opening diameter at the upper end and a smaller opening diameter at the lower end.

3. The damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the drainage groove (12) is circular, and the diameter of the drainage groove (12) is larger than the diameter of the lower opening of the deformation groove (11).

4. The damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping cloth surface layer (1) is made of the following raw materials: 35-45% submicron cerium oxide; 10-20% silicon carbide; 10-15% aluminum oxide; 5-10% chromium oxide; and 15-25% oxide ceramics.

5. The damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping fabric base layer (3) comprises a fabric reinforcement layer (32) and a connecting adhesive layer (33), and the fabric reinforcement layer (32) is connected via the connecting adhesive layer (33).

6. The damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fabric reinforcement layer (32) is made of the following raw materials: 12-25% nylon fiber; 8-20% polyurethane fiber; 10-20% aramid fiber; and 50-70% basic base fabric.

7. A process for preparing a damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: preparing a damping fabric base layer (3): applying epoxy resin glue on a base fabric, laying nylon fibers, polyurethane fibers and aramid fibers in sequence, applying epoxy resin glue on the laid materials before laying each layer of fibers, and then connecting the base fabric to the aramid fibers through epoxy resin glue, and connecting the base fabric, nylon fibers, polyurethane fibers and aramid fibers through hot pressing to form a damping fabric base layer (3); S2: preparing the hot melt adhesive layer (2): laying the hot melt adhesive on the damping fabric base layer (3), placing the damping fabric base layer (3) and the hot melt adhesive together in a hot press, preheating them first, and then hot pressing them. After the hot pressing is completed, the damping fabric base layer (3) is cooled to room temperature to obtain a surface connected with the hot melt adhesive layer (2); S3: preparing a damping cloth surface layer (1): S31: mixing submicron cerium oxide, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, chromium oxide and oxide ceramics in proportion, grinding them thoroughly, and obtaining an abrasive mixture; S32: using an electrostatic sand planting method to plant the abrasive mixture on the hot melt adhesive layer (2), and forming a damping cloth surface layer (1) on the hot melt adhesive layer (2), thereby obtaining a damping cloth rough blank; S4: slotting and hole making: S41: placing the damping cloth rough blank obtained in S3 into a slotting machine, and forming crisscross deformation grooves (11) and drainage grooves (12) on the damping cloth surface layer (1); S42: forming a deformation hole (31) on the damping cloth base layer (3), the deformation hole (31) extending into the abrasive block (13), and forming an inner groove (131) on the abrasive block (13) through the deformation hole (31).

8. The process for preparing the damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hot pressing time of the epoxy resin glue and the fabric reinforcement layer (32) in S1 is 5-8s, the hot pressing pressure is 0.30-0.45MPa, and the hot pressing temperature is 130-135°C.

9. The process for preparing the damping cloth for polishing infrared aspherical optical parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preheating time of the damping fabric base layer (3) and the hot melt adhesive in S2 is 10-12 minutes, the preheating temperature is 70-80° C., the hot pressing time is 30-35 seconds, and the hot pressing pressure is 0.75-0.85 MPa.

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