A forming die and forming method for composite material beam

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of composite parts forming, and specifically relates to a forming mold and forming method for a composite beam. The front beam of the tail of a helicopter has a complex shape and many assembly surfaces, high precision requirements, and difficulty in demolding. The forming mold of the present invention includes a main mold assembly, an upper mold assembly, and a side panel assembly. The main mold assembly consists of a main mold, a main mold right block, and a main mold left block. The main mold includes a base plate and a protruding structure on the base plate. The upper mold assembly consists of an upper mold body, an upper mold left block, and an upper mold right block. The upper mold left block and the upper mold right block are respectively combined with the upper mold body on both sides to form an overall shape that matches the groove shape on the other side of the front beam and is slightly smaller in size. The side panel assembly consists of a left panel and a right panel. The left panel and the right panel have the shape of the side surface of the front beam. It ensures that the shape of the part is accurately processed and meets the precision requirements for the product size. At the same time, the mold disassembly and assembly process is convenient and the processing efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material parts forming, and particularly relates to a forming die and a forming method for a composite material beam. Background Art

[0002] I-beams are common parts in aircraft structures. For the front beam of the helicopter tail, its shape is complex, and there are many assembly surfaces, high precision requirements, and demoulding is difficult. Figure 1 It is the axonometric drawing of the part. Figure 2 This is the cross-sectional view at AA. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view at BB. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view taken at CC. As can be seen from the axonometric drawing, it differs from a typical I-beam, with one end larger than the other, and one end closed, forming a pan-like shape. As can be seen from BB, the top is larger and the bottom is smaller, forming a closed angle. From CC, we can see that the side and the center flanged hole also form a closed angle, as do the symmetrical side edges. From AA, we can see that the bottom of the part is open-angled, while the top is closed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a block-type high-precision composite material mold and a molding method to ensure the manufacturing requirements of parts and produce qualified parts.

[0004] In one aspect, the present invention provides a forming die for a composite beam, which is used for forming a front beam of a helicopter tail, wherein the front beam has an extension portion in a plane and upper and lower extension portions at the edge, and the forming die comprises a main mold assembly, an upper mold assembly and a side panel assembly, wherein

[0005] The main mold assembly consists of a main mold, a right main mold block, and a left main mold block. The main mold includes a base plate and a protruding structure on the base plate. The right main mold block and the left main mold block are respectively combined with the protruding structures on both sides to form an overall shape that matches the shape of the groove on one side of the front beam and is slightly smaller in size.

[0006] The upper mold body assembly is composed of an upper mold body, an upper mold left block and an upper mold right block. The upper mold left block and the upper mold right block are respectively combined with the upper mold body on both sides to form an overall shape that matches the shape of the groove on the other side of the front beam and is slightly smaller in size.

[0007] The side panel assembly consists of a left side panel and a right side panel, and the left side panel and the right side panel have the shape of the side surface of the front beam.

[0008] Advantageously, the raised structure includes a lower annular portion and a lower rod-shaped portion integral with the lower annular portion, the lower annular portion has a lower through hole, the right block of the main mold body and the left block of the main mold body extend along the lower rod-shaped portion and the lower annular portion, and are evenly transitioned after combination.

[0009] Advantageously, the upper mold body includes an upper annular portion corresponding to the protruding structure and an upper rod-shaped portion integral with the upper annular portion, wherein the upper annular portion has an upper through hole, which has the same shape and corresponding position as the lower through hole.

[0010] Advantageously, the left block of the upper die and the right block of the upper die are designed around the upper annular portion, and form a uniform transition after being combined.

[0011] Advantageously, the left side plate and the right side plate extend on both sides of the entire raised structure, and are closed at the ends of the lower annular portion and the upper annular portion after the mold is closed.

[0012] Advantageously, the lower flange ply of the part is laid on the upper side of the main mold assembly; the upper flange ply of the part is laid on the lower side of the upper mold assembly; the side ply of the part flange is laid outside the lower flange ply and the upper flange ply, and is clamped by the left and right plates.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for forming a composite beam, using the above-mentioned forming mold, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Assemble the main mold body, the right block of the main mold body, and the left block of the main mold body, lay the lower flange layer of the parts on the main mold body assembly, and vacuum and compact them after laying;

[0015] S2. Assemble the upper mold body, the upper mold left block, and the upper mold right block, lay the upper flange layer of the part on the upper mold assembly, and vacuum and compact it after laying;

[0016] S3. Install the upper mold to the corresponding position of the lower mold, and then lay the side layer of the part flange. After laying, install the left and right panels, vacuum and compact them, and put them into the autoclave for curing and molding.

[0017] Advantageously, the curing process in step S3 is as follows: vacuum 0.08-0.1 MPa, heating rate not exceeding 1.5°C / min, first heating to 80°C and keeping warm and pressurized for 30 minutes; then continuing to heat to 180±5°C and keeping warm and pressurized for 180 minutes; finally cooling to below 60°C at a rate not exceeding 3°C / min to release the pressure, opening the vacuum, and maintaining for more than 10 minutes until it is taken out of the oven.

[0018] Beneficial effects: By providing a modular mold that matches the product shape, the shape of the parts can be accurately processed and the accuracy requirements of the product size can be met, so that qualified parts can be manufactured. At the same time, the mold disassembly and assembly process is convenient and the processing efficiency is high.

[0019] The features, functions, and advantages that have been discussed can be achieved independently in various examples or may be combined in yet other examples. Additional details of the examples can be seen with reference to the following description and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The illustrative examples, together with the preferred mode of use, further objects and description thereof, will be best understood by reference to the following detailed description of examples of the invention when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 is the axonometric drawing of the part;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA cross-section of

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB cross-section diagram;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 CC cross-section diagram;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the mold;

[0026] Figure 6 This is an oblique view of the main model;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the combination of the main phantom components;

[0028] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the assembly of the upper mold body;

[0029] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the assembly of the main mold assembly and the upper mold assembly after laying;

[0030] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the entire mold assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The disclosed examples will be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some (but not all) of the disclosed examples are shown. In fact, many different examples can be described and these examples should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein. Instead, these examples are described so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0032] Now referring to the accompanying drawings, the main mold assembly consists of a main mold 1, a main mold right block 2 and a main mold left block 3, the side panel assembly consists of a left panel 5 and a right panel 4, and the upper mold assembly consists of an upper mold body 6, an upper mold left block 7 and an upper mold right block 8.

[0033] When parts are formed, Figure 7First, the main mold body 1, the main mold body right block 2 and the main mold body left block 3 are combined together, and the lower flange of the parts is laid on the main mold body assembly. After the laying is completed, vacuum compaction is performed; Figure 8 , then assemble the upper mold body 6, the upper mold left block 7, and the upper mold right block 8 together, lay the layer of the upper flange of the part on the upper mold assembly, and vacuum and compact it after laying; Figure 9 , install the upper mold to the corresponding position of the lower mold, and then lay the side layer of the flange; after laying is completed, Figure 10 , install the left side plate 5 and the right side plate 4, then vacuum and compact them, and put them into the autoclave for curing and molding.

[0034] Curing parameters: vacuum 0.08 ~ 0.1MPa, heating rate no more than 1.5℃ / min, first heat to 80℃ and keep warm and pressurized for 30min; then continue to heat to 180±5℃, keep warm and pressurized for 180min; finally cool to below 60℃ at no more than 3℃ / min to release the pressure, open the vacuum, and maintain for more than 10min until it is taken out of the oven.

[0035] The description of various advantageous arrangements has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the examples disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. In addition, different advantageous examples may describe different advantages compared to other advantageous examples. The selected example or examples are chosen and described to best illustrate the principles of the examples, their practical application, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the disclosure with various examples with various modifications suitable for the particular use contemplated.

Claims

1. A composite beam forming die for forming a front beam of a helicopter tail, wherein the front beam has an in-plane extension portion and upper and lower extension portions at the edge, characterized in that: The forming mold includes a main mold assembly, an upper mold assembly and a side plate assembly, wherein The main mold assembly is composed of a main mold (1), a main mold right block (2) and a main mold left block (3), the main mold (1) includes a base plate and a raised structure on the base plate, the main mold right block (2) and the main mold left block (3) are respectively combined with the raised structures on both sides to form an overall shape that matches the shape of the groove on one side of the front beam and is slightly smaller in size; the raised structure includes a lower annular portion and a lower rod-shaped portion that is integrated with the lower annular portion, and the lower annular portion has a lower through hole, the main mold right block (2) and the main mold left block (3) extend along the lower rod-shaped portion and the lower annular portion, and have a uniform transition after combination; The upper mold body assembly is composed of an upper mold body (6), an upper mold left block (7) and an upper mold right block (8), and the upper mold left block (7) and the upper mold right block (8) are respectively combined with the upper mold body (6) on both sides to form an overall shape that matches the shape of the groove on the other side of the front beam and is slightly smaller in size; the upper mold body (6) includes an upper annular portion corresponding to the convex structure and an upper rod-shaped portion integral with the upper annular portion, and the upper annular portion has an upper through hole, which has the same shape as the lower through hole and corresponds in position; The side panel assembly consists of a left side panel (5) and a right side panel (4), and the left side panel (5) and the right side panel (4) have the shape of the side surface of the front beam.

2. The forming mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper die left block (7) and the upper die right block (8) are designed around the upper annular portion and are evenly transitioned after being combined.

3. The forming mold according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left side plate (5) and the right side plate (4) extend on both sides of the entire raised structure, and are closed at the ends of the lower annular portion and the upper annular portion after the mold is closed.

4. The forming mold according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The lower flange ply of the part is laid on the upper side of the main mold assembly; the upper flange ply of the part is laid on the lower side of the upper mold assembly; the side ply of the part flange is laid outside the lower flange ply and the upper flange ply, and is clamped by the left side plate (5) and the right side plate (4).

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