An apparatus for simulating hail impact and its impact method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a simulated hail impact mechanism and an impact method thereof. Currently, the impact experimental equipment is generally designed horizontally or vertically, and each experiment can only perform a single impact. Moreover, it mainly accelerates through methods such as spring deformation, air compression, electromagnetic impact, etc., with a relatively complex structure and the speed cannot be accurately controlled. The present invention includes a filler channel, an acceleration disc, a feeding device, an acceleration motor, and a connecting rod; the acceleration motor is fixed to the connecting rod, its output shaft is fixed to the acceleration disc, the acceleration disc is provided with m loading through holes, the feeding device is fixed to the filler channel, and the filler channel is fixed to the connecting rod. The present invention can accurately control the initial speed of the ice ball by synchronously accelerating the acceleration disc and the acceleration motor; in the present invention, the angle of one rotation of the output shaft of the acceleration motor is evenly divided into m segments, and the output shaft of the acceleration motor can complete m impacts continuously in one rotation, and the speeds of multiple impacts are independently adjustable, which can more realistically simulate the situation of hail falling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of impact testing machines, and particularly relates to a simulated hail impact mechanism and an impact method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, strength tests are carried out during the design of structural parts and covering parts of many devices, but generally only tensile and compressive tests are conducted. The main reasons are that tensile and compressive tests are relatively simple and data analysis is easy. However, for impact tests, it is generally impossible to accurately measure the failure threshold of the material in one test, and multiple tests need to be repeated, which is time-consuming and laborious. Moreover, the data collection and analysis of impact tests are much more complex than those of tensile and compressive tests, and the error will be relatively large. Secondly, except for devices such as airplanes and missiles that move at high speeds, the structural parts and covering parts of general devices are not subject to continuous impacts, unless they encounter extreme weather such as hail and typhoons. In this case, the covering parts of some devices will be subject to continuous impacts. Especially in some plateau areas, the possibility of encountering extreme hail weather every year is very high. The structural parts and covering parts of some devices cannot withstand the impact of hail, which will cause serious accidents. For example, the extremely large hail weather in Qinghai damaged many cars, especially the infrastructure of many cars. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct impact tests on devices during the design process to understand the impact resistance of the devices and take corresponding measures in a timely manner according to the situation.

[0003] Currently, existing impact test devices are generally designed horizontally or vertically, such as pendulum impact devices, drop hammer impact devices, etc. These devices have simple structures and are easy to operate, but each test can only perform a single impact. If another impact is required, the device needs to be readjusted, which will result in a very large workload and an increase in error each time. Moreover, the main acceleration methods of current impact test devices are through spring deformation, air compression, electromagnetic impact, etc. Research shows that the falling speed of hail is mostly distributed between 18 and 20 m / s. These acceleration methods have relatively complex structures and cannot accurately control the speed. The above problems lead to the inability of existing impact test devices to accurately simulate the real scenario of hail falling. Therefore, it is necessary to design an experimental device that can conduct continuous multiple repeated impact tests to simulate the situation of hail falling and can accurately control the impact speed of the impact object. In this way, the experimental results can well simulate the damage situation of structural parts after being impacted by hail, and the results have practical reference significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and propose a simulated hail impact mechanism and an impact method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An impact mechanism for simulating hail impact according to the present invention includes a filler channel, an acceleration disc, a filler channel fixing link, a filler channel fixing ring, a feeding device, an acceleration motor, a link, a support frame and a base. One end of the support frame is fixed on the base, and the other end is fixed to one end of the link. The other end of the link is fixed with an acceleration motor; the output shaft of the acceleration motor is fixed to the center of the vertically arranged acceleration disc; the acceleration motor is controlled by a controller; m loading through holes are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction inside the acceleration disc, and m≥4, and a locking ring is fixed in the middle of each loading through hole; one end of the filler channel fixing frame is fixed to the link, and the other end is fixed with a filler channel fixing ring; the filler channel is horizontally arranged and fixed to the filler channel fixing ring; the discharge port of the filler channel is arc-shaped; the discharge port of the filler channel is close to the cylindrical surface of the acceleration disc and has a gap; when the loading through hole is in a horizontal state and at the highest position, it is flush with the filler channel; the feed port of the filler channel is fixed to the discharge port of the feeding device.

[0007] Preferably, a photosensitive sensor is provided inside the discharge port of the filler channel, and the signal output end of the photosensitive sensor is connected to the controller.

[0008] Preferably, the filler channel fixing frame is in interference fit with the installation groove provided on the link.

[0009] Preferably, the filler channel fixing ring is in interference fit with the filler channel.

[0010] Preferably, the acceleration motor is a stepper motor.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding groove provided on the support frame and the link form a sliding pair and are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0012] Preferably, the material of the locking ring is rubber.

[0013] Preferably, the feeding device includes a storage channel, a hemispherical ball sleeve and a feeding motor; the storage channel is vertically arranged; the discharge port of the storage channel is fixed and communicated with the feed port of the filler channel; the hemispherical ball sleeve is placed at the discharge port of the storage channel and fixed to the output shaft of the feeding motor; the feeding motor is fixed outside the storage channel.

[0014] An impact method for an impact mechanism for simulating hail impact according to the present invention is as follows:

[0015] Step 1: Wipe the surface of the object to be detected, and then fix the object to be detected on the base; place the ice ball simulating hail prepared in the feeding device.

[0016] Step 2: Set the rotation speed of the acceleration motor through the controller. When setting, divide the angle of one revolution of the acceleration motor into m segments evenly. The rotation speed of each segment of the acceleration motor is set separately according to the required initial impact speed of the ice hockey puck in each impact experiment and the radius of the acceleration disc.

[0017] Step 3: The acceleration motor rotates to adjust the position of the acceleration disc so that any one of the loading through holes on the acceleration disc is horizontal and flush with the filling channel.

[0018] Step 4: The photosensitive sensor in the filling channel transmits the detected signal to the controller. When the controller determines that the loading through hole is flush with the filling channel, it controls the feeding motor to work. The hemispherical ball sleeve sends an ice hockey puck into the filling channel and then fills it into the locking ring at the loading through hole that is flush with the filling channel. After filling is completed, the controller controls the feeding motor to drive the hemispherical ball sleeve to reset and wait for transporting the next ice hockey puck.

[0019] Step 5: The acceleration motor works at the rotation speeds of each segment set in Step 2 to drive the acceleration disc to accelerate in segments. During the acceleration process of the acceleration disc, the ice hockey puck in the loading through hole remains stationary relative to the acceleration disc, and the ice hockey puck and the acceleration disc have the same speed. Every time the acceleration motor completes one segment of acceleration, it stops for 2 - 3 seconds, and at the same time, Step 4 is repeated. During these 2 - 3 seconds, the ice hockey puck in the loading through hole has collided with the object to be detected below at the obtained initial speed, completing one impact experiment; after the acceleration motor works at the m segments of rotation speeds set in Step 2, m independent impact experiments are completed.

[0020] Preferably, the required initial impact speed V of the ice hockey puck = W * R = 2 * π * n * R, where W is the angular velocity of the acceleration motor when the ice hockey puck just separates from the locking ring, n is the rotation speed of the acceleration motor when the ice hockey puck just separates from the locking ring, and R is the radius of the acceleration disc; according to the required initial impact speed of the ice hockey puck, the rotation speed of the acceleration motor when the ice hockey puck just separates from the locking ring is obtained, so that the ice hockey puck just meets the initial impact speed requirement when it just separates from the locking ring after the acceleration motor rotates each segment of the angle.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The synchronous acceleration method of the present invention obtains the rotation speed of the acceleration motor when the ice hockey puck just separates from the locking ring according to the required initial impact speed of the ice hockey puck, so that the ice hockey puck just meets the initial impact speed requirement when it just separates from the locking ring after the acceleration motor rotates each segment of the angle. Compared with some commonly used acceleration methods at present, the control accuracy of the speed of this method is high.

[0023] 2. A locking ring is adopted in the present invention. The locking ring has a relatively small restraining force on the ice ball, ensuring that the ice ball remains relatively stationary with the accelerating disk during the synchronous acceleration process. At the same time, when the accelerating disk stops, the ice ball can easily separate by inertia, and the friction generated during this process is very small, making the experimental results more accurate and the structure simple.

[0024] 3. A plurality of loading through holes are designed on the accelerating disk in the present invention. Cooperating with the locking ring, the accelerating motor can complete multiple impacts continuously and well in one rotation, with high working efficiency, simple operation, and the speeds of multiple impacts can be independently adjusted, which can simulate multiple different impact forces, thus more realistically simulating the situation of hail falling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0028] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a hail impact simulation mechanism of the present invention includes a filler channel 1, an accelerating disk 2, a filler channel fixing link 4, a filler channel fixing ring 5, a feeding device 6, an accelerating motor 7, a link 8, a support frame 9 and a base 10. One end of the support frame 9 is fixed on the base 10, and the other end is fixed to one end of the link 8. The other end of the link 8 is fixed with an accelerating motor 7. The output shaft of the accelerating motor 7 is fixed to the center of the vertically arranged accelerating disk 2. The accelerating motor 7 is controlled by a controller. Four loading through holes are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction inside the accelerating disk 2, and a locking ring 11 is fixed in the middle of each loading through hole. One end of the filler channel fixing frame 4 is fixed to the link 8, and the other end is fixed with a filler channel fixing ring 5. The filler channel 1 is horizontally arranged and fixed to the filler channel fixing ring 5. The discharge port of the filler channel 1 is arc-shaped; the discharge port of the filler channel 1 is close to the cylindrical surface of the accelerating disk 2 with a gap; when the loading through hole is in a horizontal state and at the highest position, it is flush with the filler channel 1; the feed port of the filler channel 1 is fixed to the discharge port of the feeding device 6.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, a photosensitive sensor 3 is arranged inside the discharge port of the filler channel 1, and the signal output end of the photosensitive sensor 3 is connected to the controller.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, the filler channel fixing frame 4 is in interference fit with the installation groove formed on the link 8.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the packing channel fixing ring 5 is in interference fit with the packing channel 1.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, the acceleration motor 7 is a 42-step motor, which has low vibration and good rotation speed.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, the sliding groove formed in the support frame 9 and the connecting rod 8 form a sliding pair and are fixedly connected by bolts. When the bolts are loosened, the extending length of the connecting rod 8 can be adjusted, so as to adjust the heights of the acceleration disc 2, the packing channel 1 and the feeding device 6.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, the locking ring 11 is made of rubber, which can not only play a fixing role but also reduce friction.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, the feeding device 6 includes a material storage channel, a hemispherical ball sleeve and a feeding motor 12; the material storage channel is arranged vertically; the discharge port of the material storage channel is fixedly connected and communicated with the feed port of the packing channel 1; the hemispherical ball sleeve is placed at the discharge port of the material storage channel and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the feeding motor 12; the feeding motor 12 is fixed outside the material storage channel and is controlled by a controller. Of course, the feeding device 6 can also adopt other structural forms in the prior art.

[0036] The impact method of an impact mechanism for simulating hail impact in the present invention is as follows:

[0037] Step 1: Wipe the surface of the object to be detected to ensure that there is no foreign matter; then fix the object to be detected on the base 10 to ensure that the object will not move due to the impact force during the impact. Place the ice balls simulating hail that are prepared in the feeding device 6.

[0038] Step 2: Set the rotation speed of the acceleration motor 7 through the controller (the rotation speed of the acceleration motor 7 can also be set through the host computer and an instruction is sent to the controller). When setting, the angle of one rotation of the acceleration motor 7 is evenly divided into four segments, and the rotation speed of each segment of the acceleration motor 7 is set separately according to the required initial impact speed of the ice balls in the four impact experiments and the radius of the acceleration disc 2. Therefore, the output shaft of the acceleration motor 7 can complete four different accelerations for each rotation.

[0039] Step 3: The acceleration motor 7 rotates to adjust the position of the acceleration disc 2 so that any one of the loading through holes on the acceleration disc 2 is horizontal and flush with the packing channel, ensuring that the ice balls can be smoothly filled into the locking ring 11 at the loading through hole through the packing channel 1 when the feeding mechanism 6 feeds materials.

[0040] Step 4: The photosensitive sensor 3 in the filler channel 1 transmits the detected signal to the controller. When the controller determines that the loading through-hole is flush with the filler channel, it controls the feeding motor 12 to operate. The hemispherical ball sleeve sends an ice hockey puck into the filler channel 1, and then fills it into the loading through-hole that is flush with the filler channel 1 at the locking ring 11. After filling is completed, the controller controls the feeding motor 12 to drive the hemispherical ball sleeve to reset and wait for transporting the next ice hockey puck.

[0041] Step 5: The acceleration motor 7 operates at the rotational speeds set in Step 2, driving the acceleration disc to accelerate in stages. During the acceleration of the acceleration disc, the ice hockey puck in the loading through-hole remains stationary relative to the acceleration disc 2, and the ice hockey puck and the acceleration disc maintain the same speed. Every time the acceleration motor 7 completes one stage of acceleration, it stops for 2 - 3 seconds. At the same time, Step 4 is repeated. During these 2 - 3 seconds, the ice hockey puck in the loading through-hole has collided with the object to be detected below at the initial speed it has obtained, completing one impact experiment. After the acceleration motor 7 operates at the four rotational speeds set in Step 2, four independent impact experiments are completed, and the impact forces of the four impact experiments can all be different.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, the required initial impact speed V of the ice hockey puck = W * R = 2 * π * n * R, where W is the angular velocity of the acceleration motor when the ice hockey puck just separates from the locking ring 11, n is the rotational speed of the acceleration motor when the ice hockey puck just separates from the locking ring 11, and R is the radius of the acceleration disc 2. According to the required initial impact speed of the ice hockey puck, the rotational speed of the acceleration motor 7 when the ice hockey puck just separates from the locking ring 11 can be obtained, so that the initial impact speed requirement is met when the ice hockey puck just separates from the locking ring 11 after the acceleration motor 7 rotates each angle.

Claims

1. A simulated hail impact mechanism, comprising a support frame and a base, characterized in that: It also includes a filler channel, an acceleration disc, a filler channel fixing bracket, a filler channel fixing ring, a feeding device, an acceleration motor and a connecting rod; one end of the support frame is fixed on the base, and the other end is fixed to one end of the connecting rod; the other end of the connecting rod is fixed with an acceleration motor; the output shaft of the acceleration motor is fixed to the center of the vertically arranged acceleration disc; the acceleration motor is controlled by a controller; m loading through holes are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction inside the acceleration disc, and m≥4. A locking ring is fixed in the middle of each loading through hole; one end of the filler channel fixing bracket is fixed to the connecting rod, and the other end is fixed with a filler channel fixing ring; the filler channel is horizontally arranged and fixed to the filler channel fixing ring; the outlet of the filler channel is arc-shaped; the outlet of the filler channel is close to the cylindrical surface of the acceleration disc with a gap left; when the loading through hole is in a horizontal state and at the highest position, it is flush with the filler channel; the inlet of the filler channel is fixed to the outlet of the feeding device.

2. The simulated hail impact mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A photosensitive sensor is arranged inside the outlet of the filler channel, and the signal output end of the photosensitive sensor is connected to the controller.

3. The simulated hail impact mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The filler channel fixing bracket is in interference fit with the installation groove opened on the connecting rod.

4. The simulated hail impact mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The filler channel fixing ring is in interference fit with the filler channel.

5. A hail impact simulation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acceleration motor selects a stepping motor.

6. The simulated hail impact mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding groove opened on the support frame and the connecting rod form a sliding pair and are fixedly connected by bolts.

7. The simulated hail impact mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the locking ring is rubber.

8. The simulated hail impact mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: The feeding device includes a storage channel, a hemispherical ball sleeve and a feeding motor; the storage channel is vertically arranged; the outlet of the storage channel is fixed and communicated with the inlet of the filler channel; the hemispherical ball sleeve is placed at the outlet of the storage channel and fixed to the output shaft of the feeding motor; the feeding motor is fixed outside the storage channel.

9. A method for simulating the impact of a hail impact mechanism according to claim 8, wherein: Specifically as follows: Step 1: Wipe the surface of the object to be detected, and then fix the object to be detected on the base; place the ice ball simulating hail prepared in the feeding device. Step 2: Set the rotation speed of the acceleration motor through the controller. When setting, divide the angle of one rotation of the acceleration motor into m equal segments on average. The rotation speed of each segment of the acceleration motor is set separately according to the required initial impact speed of the ice ball in each impact experiment and the radius of the acceleration disc. Step 3: The acceleration motor rotates to adjust the position of the acceleration disc so that any one of the loading through holes on the acceleration disc remains horizontal and is flush with the filler channel. Step 4: The photosensitive sensor in the filler channel transmits the detected signal to the controller. When the controller determines that the loading through hole is flush with the filler channel, it controls the feeding motor to work. The hemispherical ball sleeve sends an ice ball into the filler channel, and then fills it into the locking ring at the position of the loading through hole flush with the filler channel. After filling, the controller controls the feeding motor to drive the hemispherical ball sleeve to reset and wait to convey the next ice ball. Step Five: The acceleration motor operates at the rotational speeds set in Step Two, driving the acceleration disc to accelerate in segments. During the acceleration of the acceleration disc, the ice balls in the loading through-holes remain stationary relative to the acceleration disc and have the same speed as the acceleration disc. Every time the acceleration motor completes one segment of acceleration, it stops for 2 - 3 seconds. Meanwhile, Step Four is repeated. During these 2 - 3 seconds, the ice balls in the loading through-holes have already collided with the object to be detected below at the initial speed they have obtained, completing one impact experiment. After the acceleration motor operates at the m rotational speeds set in Step Two, m mutually independent impact experiments are completed.

10. A method for simulating the impact of a hail impact mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: The required initial impact speed V of the ice ball = W * R = 2 * π * n * R, where W is the angular velocity of the acceleration motor when the ice ball just separates from the locking ring, n is the rotational speed of the acceleration motor when the ice ball just separates from the locking ring, and R is the center distance between the locking ring and the acceleration disc; based on the required initial impact speed of the ice ball, the rotational speed of the acceleration motor when the ice ball just separates from the locking ring is obtained, such that the initial impact speed requirement is met when the ice ball just separates from the locking ring after the acceleration motor rotates each angle.

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